Cysts on upper back: Epidermoid Cysts of the Skin

11.06.202126.07.2023 by alexxlab

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Epidermoid Cysts of the Skin

ABOUT

CAUSES
DIAGNOSIS

TREATMENT

NEXT STEPS

What are epidermoid cysts?

Epidermoid cysts are typically harmless, slow-growing bumps under
the skin. They often appear on areas with more hair such as the scalp, face, trunk,
upper back, or groin area. These cysts can range in size from ½ inch to several
inches across. Some may have an enlarged pore in the center of them. They are the
most common type of skin (cutaneous) cyst.

Epidermoid cysts are sometimes called epidermal cysts. They are
also called sebaceous cysts. But a sebaceous cyst is different from an epidermoid
cyst. They are also less common. True sebaceous cysts start in the sebaceous gland.
This is an oil gland in the skin that produces (secretes) an oily substance called
sebum. Sebum lubricates the skin to help keep it healthy.

Epidermoid cysts can remain stable. Or they may steadily grow.
Sometimes they will become inflamed, red, painful, or suddenly break open (rupture).
This poses a risk for infection.

What causes epidermoid cysts?

Your skin has several layers. The thin, protective outer layer of
skin is called the epidermis. The cells that make up the outermost layer slowly shed
and are replaced as newer cells move to the skin’s surface.

Most epidermoid cysts are caused when skin (epidermal) cells move
under the skin surface, or are covered over by it instead of shedding. These cells
continue to multiply, like skin does normally. They then form a wall around
themselves (cyst) and secrete normal skin fluids (keratin). This is a thick, yellow
substance that may drain from the cyst. This may be developmental. But it often
happens because of an injury to the skin.

Epidermoid cysts are often found around hair follicles. These
follicles are like cysts, but they have openings. Normal lubricating oils for your
hair are sent out through these openings. A cyst occurs when an opening becomes
blocked or the site inflamed. This often occurs when there is damage to the hair
follicles by a scrape or wound.

What are the symptoms of epidermoid cysts?

Symptoms of an epidermoid cyst may include:

Feeling a lump just beneath the skin
It may be painful
The cyst may smell bad
The cyst may become inflamed or red
The cyst may leak fluid or thick material

The symptoms of epidermoid cysts may look like other skin
conditions. Always talk with your healthcare provider for a diagnosis.

How are epidermoid cysts diagnosed?

A healthcare provider can often diagnose an epidermoid cyst by
examining the cyst. A tissue sample (scraping dead skin) can be taken and looked at
under a microscope.

How are epidermoid cysts treated?

Epidermoid cysts often go away without any treatment. If the cyst
drains on its own, it may return. Most cysts don’t cause problems or need
treatment. But if a cyst is a concern to you for any reason, see your healthcare
provider. Epidermoid cysts can be treated by simple surgery (excision) with removal
of the cyst and cyst wall.

What are possible complications of epidermoid cysts?

Epidermoid cysts may go away on their own. The cysts are often not
painful, unless they become inflamed or infected. An epidermoid cyst that is
inflamed can be injected with steroids. This can reduce inflammation and the cyst
may not need to be drained.

But infected cysts may need to be cut and drained. To do this,
your provider makes a hole in the top and removes what is inside. Large cysts can
come back after this procedure and may have to be surgically removed (excised). If
a
cyst becomes swollen, tender, large, or infected, treatment may include antibiotics
and then surgery.

Can epidermoid cysts be prevented?

There is no known way to prevent epidermoid cysts. But you can
prevent possible infection and scarring if you don’t squeeze, pop, stick a needle
in
it, or cut it open. This often leads to an infection and scarring. If it gets
severely inflamed or infected, you should get medical care.

When should I call my healthcare provider?

Call your healthcare provider right away if any of these
occur:

Swelling, redness, or pain
Pus coming from the cyst

Key points about epidermoid cysts

Epidermoid cysts are typically harmless, slow-growing bumps
under the skin.
They often appear on areas with more hair such as the scalp,
face, trunk, upper back, or groin area.
Epidermoid cysts often go away without any treatment. If the
cyst drains on its own, it may return.
Most cysts don’t cause problems or need treatment. They are
often not painful, unless they become inflamed or infected.
If a cyst is a concern to you for any reason, see your
healthcare provider. It can be removed through simple surgery.

Next steps

Tips to help you get the most from a visit to your healthcare
provider:

Know the reason for your visit and what you want to
happen.
Before your visit, write down questions you want
answered.
Bring someone with you to help you ask questions and
remember what your provider tells you.
At the visit, write down the name of a new diagnosis, and
any new medicines, treatments, or tests. Also write down any new instructions
your provider gives you.
Know why a new medicine or treatment is prescribed, and how
it will help you. Also know what the side effects are.
Ask if your condition can be treated in other ways.
Know why a test or procedure is recommended and what the
results could mean.
Know what to expect if you do not take the medicine or have
the test or procedure.
If you have a follow-up appointment, write down the date,
time, and purpose for that visit.
Know how you can contact your provider if you have
questions.

Medical Reviewer: Michael Lehrer MD

Medical Reviewer: Marianne Fraser MSN RN

Medical Reviewer: Raymond Kent Turley BSN MSN RN

Pictures, Causes, Types, Treatments, and Prevention

A cyst is a small pocket of tissue filled with fluid, pus, or other substances. Cyst maybe caused by injury, infection, or other issues. They’re usually benign but may need treatment if complications arise.

A cyst is a sac-like pocket of membranous tissue that contains fluid, air, or other substances. Cysts can grow almost anywhere in your body or under your skin.

There are many types of cysts. Most cysts are benign or noncancerous.

Whether a cyst needs treatment depends on a number of factors, including:

the type of cyst
the location of the cyst
whether the cyst is causing pain or discomfort
whether the cyst is inflamed or infected

If you’re not sure if you have a skin condition, you can take a picture and send it to an online dermatologist.

Cysts can vary in appearance depending on their type and location. Here are 11 types of cysts.

Epidermoid cyst

Epidermoid cysts are small, benign bumps filled with keratin. Kertain is a protein that’s essential in forming your skin, hair, and nails. Epidermoid cysts occur when something blocks hair follicles, and skin cells build up beneath this blockage.

These cysts can look like a skin-colored, tan, or yellowish bump filled with thick material. They typically occur on your face, neck, or torso, but can occur across your body.

In rare cases, epidermoid cysts can be caused by an inherited condition called Gardner syndrome.

Sebaceous cyst

Share on PinterestPhotography courtesy of Klaus D. Peter, Wiehl, Germany/Wikimedia Commons

Sebaceous cysts are filled with sebum and are less common than epidermoid cysts. They often form within sebaceous glands, which are part of your skin and hair follicles. Sebaceous glands make oil for your skin and hair.

These cysts most commonly occur on your face, neck, or torso, and are often the result of damage to sebaceous glands.

Breast cyst

Share on PinterestPhotography courtesy of Nevit Dilmen/Wikimedia Commons

Benign cysts can develop when fluid collects near your breast glands. They can cause pain or tenderness in the affected area.

While breast cysts are noncancerous, there are many possible other more serious causes for a lump in your breast. It’s important to be familiar with how your breasts typically feel so you’re aware of changes. This way, you’re more likely to notice changes right away.

You should try to make an appointment to see a healthcare professional if:

you discover a new lump
an area of your breast is noticeably different than the rest
a lump changes or grows larger
you notice unexpected discharge from the nipple
you have an inverted nipple, and it wasn’t always inverted

Ganglion cyst

A ganglion cyst is a round, gel-filled lump of tissue that usually appears along tendons or joints, especially in the hands, wrists, ankles, and feet. Fluid accumulation can occur due to injury, trauma, or overuse, but often the cause is unknown.

A ganglion cyst is common, harmless, and doesn’t cause pain or difficulties unless it grows and puts pressure on other structures.

Pilonidal cyst

A pilonidal cyst is a common skin condition that forms in the cleft at the top of your buttocks. It consists of a small hole or tunnel in the skin that may become infected and fill with fluid or pus and it typically occurs after puberty.

Changing hormones, hair growth, and friction from clothes or from spending a long time sitting may all cause a pilonidal cyst.

Symptoms of an infection include:

pain when sitting or standing
discolored or sore skin around the area
pus or blood draining from the abscess, causing a foul odor
swelling of the cyst
hair protruding from the lesion

Ovarian cyst

Ovarian cysts often form when the follicle that normally releases an egg doesn’t open. This causes fluid to build up and form a cyst.

Another common type of ovarian cyst occurs after the follicle releases the egg and improperly recloses and collects fluid.

Ovarian cysts occur most often in those of menstrual age and are typically first found during pelvic exams.

Ovarian cysts are associated with an increased risk of cancer when they occur after menopause.

Baker (popliteal) cyst

A Baker cyst is a swollen, fluid-filled sac at the back of your knee.

Causes of Baker cysts include conditions or occurrences that affect the joints such as arthritis, inflammation from repetitive stress, or a cartilage injury. Baker cysts can cause inflammation and pain and lower range of motion in your knee.

Physical therapy, fluid draining, and medication can all be used to help treat a Baker cyst.

Pilar cyst

A pilar cyst is a noncancerous, skin-colored, round bump that develops under the surface of your skin. They usually affect the skin on the scalp and results from protein buildup in a hair follicle.

They’re not cancerous, but they can grow to a size that can be uncomfortable.

Mucous cyst

A mucous cyst is a fluid-filled lump that forms on your lip or around your mouth when the salivary glands become plugged with mucus. The most common causes of mucous cysts include:

lip or cheek biting
lip piercings
rupture of the salivary gland
improper dental hygiene

Mucous cysts will often go away on their own. But if you have recurring or frequent mucous cysts, you may need medical treatment.

Branchial cleft cyst

Photography by BigBill58/Wikimedia Commons

A branchial cleft cyst is a type of developmental irregularity in which a lump develops on one or both sides of your neck or below your collarbone. It occurs during embryonic development when tissues in your neck and collarbone, or branchial cleft, develop differently.

In most cases, a branchial cleft cyst isn’t dangerous. But it may cause skin irritation, skin infection, or — in very rare adult cases — cancer.

Perineural (Tarlov) cyst

A perineural cyst is a fluid-filled sac that forms on the spine.

Causes are unknown, but it may result from back trauma, including falls, injuries, and heavy exertion.

A perineural cyst can cause pain in your lower back, buttocks, or legs, but this is rare. If you do have symptoms, draining the fluid can help to relieve them.

Folliculitis (ingrown hair cyst)

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Folliculitis is an infection of hair follicles. It’s often the result of a fungal or bacterial infection and can often resemble acne.

These pseudocysts are often seen in people who use hair removal methods like shaving or waxing. Ingrown hair cysts are an example of folliculitis. While ingrown hair cysts are possible, if you have bumps that appear near ingrown hairs, there’s a good chance that they’re actually razor bumps instead.

Razor bumps are also known as pseudofolliculitis barbae, which is a type of pseudofolliculitis. Unlike folliculitis, pseudofolliculitis isn’t usually infectious.

Chalazion

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A chalazion is a small, usually painless lump on your eyelids that occurs when the duct of the meibomian gland, an oil gland, is blocked.

These pseudocysts can cause tenderness, blurred vision, and painful swelling. If they get too big, they can cause vision difficulties.

Cystic acne

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Cystic acne results from a combination of bacteria, oil, and dead skin clogging the pores. It’s the most severe type of acne, but it usually improves with age.

Cystic acne can look like large, pus-filled boils on the skin. It can also be painful to the touch. If these boils rupture, they can cause scarring.

Cystic acne most commonly occurs on your face, chest, neck, back, and arms.

If you believe you may have cystic acne, a dermatologist can prescribe medications to help treat it.

Learn more about acne treatments here.

A cyst can appear as a bump on your skin. These can vary in size from small, pimple-sized lumps to much larger, more obvious growths.

Some cysts grow deep inside your body where you can’t feel them. But they may cause or be related to other symptoms.

For example, ovarian cysts, such as those that result from polycystic ovary syndrome, may cause difficulties with ovarian and reproductive function. Polycystic kidney disease, which causes cysts to form in the kidney, can adversely affect kidney function.

Most cysts aren’t painful. They usually don’t cause difficulties unless they’re:

infected
very large
impinging on a nerve or blood vessel
growing in a sensitive area
affecting the function of an organ

Cysts and pseudocysts form for different reasons. They can be caused by:

infections
inherited diseases
genetics
chronic inflammation
blockages in ducts

The exact cause depends on the type of cyst or pseudocyst.

You should try to schedule an appointment with a healthcare professional if your cyst becomes painful, or increasingly inflamed. This could be a symptom of a rupture or an infection.

They should check your cyst even if it isn’t causing any pain or other difficulties. Differences in these growths can be a symptom of cancer. A healthcare professional may want to remove a tissue sample for testing.

You should never try to squeeze or pop a cyst or pseudocyst yourself, as this can lead to infection.

In some cases, they improve on their own. Putting a warm compress on a cyst can speed up the healing process by helping it drain.

In other cases, medical care is required.

Medical care

Common methods of medical treatment for cysts include a healthcare professional:

using a needle to drain fluids and other matter from the cyst
giving you medications, such as a corticosteroid injection, to lower inflammation in the cyst
performing a surgical removal of the cyst, which may be done if draining doesn’t work or if you have an internal cyst that’s hard to reach and requires treatment

If you’re concerned about your cyst and don’t have an established relationship with a healthcare professional, you can view doctors in your area through the Healthline FindCare tool.

Benign cysts and pseudocysts usually don’t cause long-term difficulties. Sometimes they even go away on their own.

Cysts can refill after being drained. If you have a cyst that continues to refill, you may want to consider having it surgically removed.

If you have cancerous cysts, a healthcare professional will discuss treatment with you. The outlook will vary depending on the type of cancer involved.

Most types of cysts and pseudocysts can’t be prevented, but there are a few exceptions. Those prone to ovarian cysts may be able to prevent new cysts from forming by using hormonal contraceptives.

You can prevent pilonidal cysts from forming by keeping the skin in the affected area clean and dry. Getting up every so often instead of sitting for a long time can also help prevent these cysts.

Cleaning your eyelid near the eyelash line with a gentle cleanser can help keep the oil ducts from becoming blocked. This may help prevent chalazia.

Read this article in Spanish.

Spinal cyst removal (facet joints)

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Surgery to remove a spinal cyst is considered the only effective method of treatment at advanced stages of the disease, when it comes to paraarticular synovial cyst of the intervertebral facet joint. As a rule, this condition is accompanied by pain in the arm or leg, sometimes with numbness. In some medical cases, the pain syndrome is so unbearable that the patient may need emergency spinal surgery.

Cyst of the intervertebral (facet) joints is a benign formation in the cavity of which fluid accumulates. Over time, it increases in size and causes severe pain. Experts classify a spinal cyst as a rare pathology, but recommend not to start the disease and seek help from neurosurgeons in time if symptoms are present.

Spinal cyst symptoms

Depending on the location of the cysts of the spine can be divided into:

Cysts in the cervical spine;
Cysts in the thoracic spine;
Cysts in the lumbar spine;
Cysts in the lumbosacral spine;
Cysts in the sacral spine.

According to the nature of education, specialists distinguish the following types:

Perineural cyst of the spine (usually an incidental finding and does not require treatment)
Para-articular cyst (para-articular synovial cyst of the intervertebral facet joint, requires spinal surgery)
Arachnoid cyst (very rare)

According to experts, there are dozens of varieties of spinal cysts, most of which are considered the norm . Surgical treatment is indicated for a paraarticular synovial cyst of the intervertebral facet joint if radicular compression symptoms are observed. In practice, this means that the patient suffers from regular pain in the localization of the cyst of the spine and in the limbs. Often, the discomfort is accompanied by numbness in the arm or leg. If the pain becomes unbearable, then emergency surgery is recommended.

Spinal cyst treatment

The most modern method for diagnosing spinal cysts is MRI. It is worth noting that in order to obtain an accurate diagnosis, it is necessary to take a picture of 1.5 Tesla. Most cysts do not cause discomfort, so patients live with them for years. Conservative treatment by a neurologist is indicated for back pain with a perineural cyst of the spine. To eliminate the pain syndrome, specialists prescribe a course of injections.

Spinal cyst surgery

As already mentioned, most often surgery is indicated for paraarticular synovial cyst of the intervertebral facet joint. Many patients consider laser removal of a spinal cyst to be the most effective method, but neurosurgeons refute the effectiveness of such an operation. When removing a spinal cyst with a laser, a heat wave adversely affects the vertebral discs, destroying them. Therefore, it has already been experimentally proven that the method of removing a spinal cyst with a laser is noticeably outdated.

Endoscopic removal of a cyst of the spine (facet joint)

Minimally invasive endoscopic spinal surgery is performed in case of paraarticular synovial cyst of the intervertebral facet joint if appropriate symptoms are present. Surgical intervention takes place under general anesthesia for 1-1.5 hours. The neurosurgeon performs all manipulations through small punctures, which has a positive effect on recovery.

Recovery after removal of a spinal cyst

After the operation to remove the cyst of the spine, the patient is discharged from the clinic the next day, and he can return to his normal life. Recovery after endoscopic spinal surgery does not involve bed rest, but it is worth limiting yourself to lifting weights and playing sports.

Why is it worth having an operation to remove a spinal cyst in the Pirogov Clinic?

Neurosurgeons of the highest category, with more than 10 years of experience, with a scientific degree of med. Sciences.
Modern equipment in operating rooms.
Affordable prices for the removal of a cyst of the spine.
Positive feedback about spinal surgery and treatment in our clinic. You can view them on our website, as well as on independent sites, such as Napopravku.ru.
Hospital type wards.
You can get a neurosurgeon’s recommendation on the treatment of your disease absolutely free of charge. You can send MRI images on this page of the site.
The possibility of obtaining an installment plan or a loan for treatment.
Service under VHI policies.

WANT TO ASK A QUESTION ABOUT YOUR OCCASION? SEND YOUR MRI IMAGES

How to describe your complaints correctly:

Describe in detail: the nature and localization of pain; the presence and localization of numbness and weakness in the limbs; conditions for the onset or intensification of pain; the presence of morning stiffness in the back; whether there is relief after “pacing”; whether the pain gets worse after prolonged sitting or standing; what worries more pain in the back / neck or leg / arm, it is desirable to evaluate both on a 10-point scale; whether the pain increases after flexion-extension; Is there relief after rest? whether there is an increase / increase in weakness / numbness in the legs after walking a certain distance with relief after stopping and bending or sitting down; is there a temperature; Is there an increase in pain at night and so on.
Medical history: duration of the disease, provoking factors, what you attribute the onset of the disease to, the treatment being carried out, the dynamics of the condition.
Presence of other diseases.
What hinders you the most? what would you like to get rid of? What are your expectations from the operation, if it is necessary?

How to send MRI images correctly

MRI images (not a doctor’s report, but images) must be on a disk, made on a device with a magnetic field voltage of at least 1.5 Tesla.

Insert disc into CD-ROM.
Copy folder with pictures in one file ENTIRELY to computer (right mouse button).
Name the copied file with your last name.
Add file to archive (right mouse button).
To upload MRI images (DICOM files), use an external cloud storage, such as Yandex Disk, Dropbox or Google Drive. Paste in the field above the link to the file or archive from the cloud storage.

Your images will be sent to our neurosurgeon Mereji Amir Mratovich.

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types, causes, main symptoms, plan of action

A cyst is an abnormal cavity in tissues in which fluid, air or other contents accumulate. Cysts can form almost anywhere in the body and even under the skin. There are many different types of cysts. Fortunately, most of them are benign and do not pose a danger to life if contacted by a specialist in a timely manner.

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Skin diseases

The editors warn readers against self-treatment and do not recommend self-diagnosis, prescribing medications and procedures. For any signs of malaise, contact your doctor.

The first question that arises when a cyst is found is what to do with it – treat it, remove it, or something else? Treatment of a cyst depends on a number of factors:

type of cyst;
its location;
whether it causes pain or discomfort;
whether the cyst is inflamed or infected.

Types of cysts

Depending on the appearance, location and specifics, different types of cysts are distinguished. Here are 11 of the most common types.

Epidermal cyst

An epidermal cyst is a small, slow growing, benign cyst, most often on the face, head, neck, back, or genitals. It usually occurs due to the accumulation of keratin under the skin.

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Neoplasm looks like a dense yellowish-brown or yellowish tubercle.

If an epidermal cyst is inflamed or infected, it may become red and painful.

Sebaceous cyst (or atheroma)

Atheroma occurs on the face, neck or trunk. Usually, its occurrence is provoked by trauma or damage to the sebaceous glands, for example, as a result of cuts or surgical wounds. A large sebaceous cyst can cause discomfort and pain. It grows very slowly in size and does not pose an oncological danger.