What are the dangers of extreme temperatures. How can you recognize symptoms of heat-related illnesses. What are the best ways to prevent and treat heat exhaustion and heatstroke. How does humidity affect the temperature you feel. When should you seek medical attention for temperature-related health issues.

Understanding Extreme Temperatures and Their Impact on Health

Extreme temperatures, both hot and cold, can pose significant risks to human health. The human body maintains a normal core temperature between 97˚F and 99˚F (36.1˚C to 37.2˚C), with an average of 98.6˚F (37˚C). To maintain this temperature without external aids, the surrounding environment should be around 82˚F (28˚C). However, in many situations, we encounter temperatures far outside this comfort zone.

Environmental temperatures can become dangerous when they exceed certain thresholds:

• 90˚F to 105˚F (32˚C to 40˚C): Risk of heat cramps and exhaustion
• 105˚F to 130˚F (40˚C to 54˚C): Increased likelihood of heat exhaustion
• Above 130˚F (54˚C): High risk of heatstroke

Understanding these ranges is crucial for recognizing when you might be at risk and taking appropriate precautions.

The Role of Humidity in Perceived Temperature

It’s important to note that the temperature reading on a thermometer isn’t always indicative of how hot or cold it actually feels. Humidity plays a significant role in the apparent temperature, also known as the “heat index” or “feels like” temperature.

For example:

• 85˚F (29˚C) with 0% humidity feels like 78˚F (26˚C)
• 85˚F (29˚C) with 80% humidity feels like 97˚F (36˚C)

This difference in perceived temperature due to humidity can significantly impact your body’s ability to cool itself through sweating. In high humidity, sweat doesn’t evaporate as quickly, making it harder for your body to regulate its temperature.

Recognizing Heat-Related Illnesses

As temperatures rise, the risk of heat-related illnesses increases. These conditions can range from mild to severe and potentially life-threatening. Common heat-related illnesses include:

• Heat exhaustion
• Heatstroke
• Muscle cramps
• Heat swelling
• Fainting

Symptoms of Heat Exhaustion

Heat exhaustion is a condition that occurs when the body overheats. Symptoms include:

• Heavy sweating
• Exhaustion or fatigue
• Dizziness or lightheadedness
• Blacking out or feeling dizzy when standing up
• Weak but fast pulse
• Feelings of nausea
• Vomiting

Symptoms of Heatstroke

Heatstroke is a more severe condition that can be life-threatening. Symptoms include:

• Reddish skin that feels hot to the touch
• Strong and fast pulse
• Losing consciousness
• Internal body temperature over 103˚F (39˚C)

Is it possible to mistake heatstroke for heat exhaustion? While there are some overlapping symptoms, heatstroke is characterized by a lack of sweating and very high body temperature, whereas heat exhaustion typically involves heavy sweating and a lower (though still elevated) body temperature.

Treating Heat-Related Illnesses

Prompt treatment of heat-related illnesses is crucial to prevent complications and potentially save lives. The approach differs depending on the severity of the condition.

Treating Heat Exhaustion

To treat heat exhaustion:

1. Move to a cooler location, preferably air-conditioned
2. Rest on a couch or bed
3. Apply cool, damp cloths to the body
4. Slowly sip water
5. Monitor symptoms and seek medical attention if they worsen

Treating Heatstroke

Heatstroke is a medical emergency requiring immediate action:

1. Call emergency services (911 in the US) immediately
2. Move the person to a cooler environment
3. Apply cool, damp cloths to the body or give a cool bath
4. Do not give fluids to drink

How quickly should you act when you suspect heatstroke? Immediate action is critical. Every minute counts when dealing with heatstroke, as it can cause rapid damage to the brain and other organs.

Preventing Heat-Related Illnesses

Prevention is always better than cure when it comes to heat-related illnesses. Here are some key strategies to protect yourself:

• Stay hydrated: Drink plenty of fluids, especially water. Don’t wait until you feel thirsty.
• Wear appropriate clothing: Choose lightweight, loose-fitting, and light-colored clothes.
• Limit outdoor activities during peak heat hours: Try to stay indoors or in shaded areas during the hottest part of the day.
• Acclimatize gradually: If you’re not used to hot weather, gradually increase your time outdoors over several days.
• Use sunscreen: Sunburn affects your body’s ability to cool itself.
• Never leave children or pets in cars: Even with the windows cracked, interior temperatures can rise quickly to dangerous levels.

How much water should you drink to stay hydrated in hot weather? While individual needs vary, a general rule is to drink enough so that your urine is light-colored or clear. In hot weather or during physical activity, you may need to drink more than usual to replace fluids lost through sweating.

Understanding Cold-Related Health Risks

While much of our focus has been on heat-related illnesses, cold temperatures can be equally dangerous. Exposure to cold can lead to several health risks, including:

• Hypothermia: When body temperature drops below 95˚F (35˚C)
• Frostbite: Freezing of skin and underlying tissues
• Trench foot: Damage to feet from prolonged exposure to cold and wet conditions

Symptoms of Hypothermia

Hypothermia can be life-threatening. Symptoms include:

• Shivering
• Slurred speech
• Slow, shallow breathing
• Weak pulse
• Clumsiness or lack of coordination
• Drowsiness or very low energy
• Confusion or memory loss
• Loss of consciousness

When does cold weather become dangerous? While it varies based on factors like wind chill and individual susceptibility, prolonged exposure to temperatures below 32˚F (0˚C) can lead to hypothermia, especially if a person is wet or not properly dressed.

Protecting Yourself in Cold Weather

To stay safe in cold weather:

• Dress in layers: Wear several layers of loose-fitting, lightweight, warm clothing rather than one layer of heavy clothing.
• Cover extremities: Wear warm socks, gloves, a hat, and a scarf.
• Stay dry: Wet clothing chills the body rapidly.
• Limit time outdoors: In very cold weather, minimize time spent outside.
• Stay hydrated: Dehydration increases the risk of cold injury.
• Avoid alcohol: It can cause your body to lose heat more rapidly.

How does wind chill affect cold weather safety? Wind chill can make temperatures feel much colder than they actually are, increasing the risk of cold-related health issues. For example, a temperature of 0˚F (-18˚C) with a wind speed of 15 mph can feel like -19˚F (-28˚C).

Special Considerations for Vulnerable Populations

Certain groups are more susceptible to temperature-related health issues:

• Older adults
• Young children
• People with chronic medical conditions
• Pregnant women
• Outdoor workers
• Athletes
• People with limited mobility

These groups should take extra precautions in extreme temperatures and be closely monitored for signs of heat or cold-related illnesses.

How can caregivers protect vulnerable individuals during extreme temperatures? Regular check-ins, ensuring proper hydration and appropriate clothing, maintaining a comfortable indoor temperature, and being alert to early signs of temperature-related illnesses are crucial steps.

The Impact of Climate Change on Extreme Temperatures

Climate change is leading to more frequent and severe extreme temperature events worldwide. This trend has significant implications for public health:

• Increased frequency of heatwaves
• More intense cold snaps in some regions
• Greater temperature fluctuations
• Changes in precipitation patterns affecting humidity levels

These changes make it increasingly important for individuals and communities to be prepared for extreme temperature events and to understand how to protect themselves.

How can communities prepare for more frequent extreme temperature events? Strategies include developing heat and cold emergency plans, creating cooling and warming centers, improving urban planning to reduce heat island effects, and educating the public about temperature-related health risks and prevention strategies.

Technology and Extreme Temperature Safety

Advancements in technology are providing new tools to help people stay safe in extreme temperatures:

• Smartphone apps that provide real-time heat index and wind chill information
• Wearable devices that monitor body temperature and hydration levels
• Smart home systems that automatically adjust indoor temperature based on outdoor conditions
• Advanced weather prediction models that provide more accurate forecasts of extreme temperature events

While these technologies can be helpful, it’s important to remember that they should supplement, not replace, basic safety practices and common sense.

Can technology completely protect us from extreme temperature risks? While technology can certainly help, it’s not infallible. Personal awareness, preparation, and following safety guidelines remain crucial for protecting oneself from temperature-related health risks.

In conclusion, understanding the risks associated with extreme temperatures and knowing how to protect yourself is crucial in our changing climate. By staying informed, prepared, and vigilant, we can significantly reduce the health risks associated with both hot and cold weather extremes. Remember, when it comes to extreme temperatures, prevention and early intervention are key to staying safe and healthy.

Hot and Cold: Extreme Temperature Safety

Hot and Cold: Extreme Temperature Safety

• Health Conditions
  • Featured
    • Breast Cancer
    • IBD
    • Migraine
    • Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
    • Rheumatoid Arthritis
    • Type 2 Diabetes
  • Articles
    • Acid Reflux
    • ADHD
    • Allergies
    • Alzheimer’s & Dementia
    • Bipolar Disorder
    • Cancer
    • Crohn’s Disease
    • Chronic Pain
    • Cold & Flu
    • COPD
    • Depression
    • Fibromyalgia
    • Heart Disease
    • High Cholesterol
    • HIV
    • Hypertension
    • IPF
    • Osteoarthritis
    • Psoriasis
    • Skin Disorders and Care
    • STDs
• Discover
  • Wellness Topics
    • Nutrition
    • Fitness
    • Skin Care
    • Sexual Health
    • Women’s Health
    • Mental Well-Being
    • Sleep
  • Product Reviews
    • Vitamins & Supplements
    • Sleep
    • Mental Health
    • Nutrition
    • At-Home Testing
    • CBD
    • Men’s Health
  • Original Series
    • Fresh Food Fast
    • Diagnosis Diaries
    • You’re Not Alone
    • Present Tense
  • Video Series
    • Youth in Focus
    • Healthy Harvest
    • No More Silence
    • Future of Health
• Plan
  • Health Challenges
    • Mindful Eating
    • Sugar Savvy
    • Move Your Body
    • Gut Health
    • Mood Foods
    • Align Your Spine
  • Find Care
    • Primary Care
    • Mental Health
    • OB-GYN
    • Dermatologists
    • Neurologists
    • Cardiologists
    • Orthopedists
  • Lifestyle Quizzes
    • Weight Management
    • Am I Depressed? A Quiz for Teens
    • Are You a Workaholic?
    • How Well Do You Sleep?
  • Tools & Resources
    • Health News
    • Find a Diet
    • Find Healthy Snacks
    • Drugs A-Z
    • Health A-Z
• Connect
  • • Breast Cancer
    • Inflammatory Bowel Disease
    • Psoriatic Arthritis
    • Migraine
    • Multiple Sclerosis
    • Psoriasis

Medically reviewed by Elaine K. Luo, M.D. — By The Healthline Editorial Team — Updated on September 17, 2018

Overview

If you’re planning to travel outdoors, be prepared to deal with all sorts of weather. This might mean extremely rainy days or extremely dry days, and from the hottest daytime hours to the coldest nights.

The human body has a normal core temperature between 97˚F and 99˚F, but on average, a normal body temperature is 98.6˚F (37˚C). To maintain this temperature without the help of warming or cooling devices, the surrounding environment needs to be at about 82˚F (28˚C). Clothes aren’t just for looks — they’re necessary to keep warm. You can usually bundle up in more layers during colder months, and you can use fans or air conditioners in warmer months to maintain a healthy core temperature.

In some cases, you may find yourself in an environment with extreme temperatures. It’s crucial to know what health concerns you may face as well as how to avoid any temperature-related health problems.

First, note that the temperature reading on a thermometer is not necessarily the temperature that you should be concerned about. The relative humidity in your environment can affect the temperature you actually feel, which is called the “apparent temperature.” Some example scenarios include:

• If the air temperature reads 85˚F (29˚C), but there’s zero humidity, the temperature will actually feel like it’s 78˚F (26 ˚C).
• If the air temperature reads 85˚F (29˚C), with 80 percent humidity, it will actually feel like 97˚F (36˚C).

High environmental temperatures can be dangerous to your body. In the range of 90˚ and 105˚F (32˚ and 40˚C), you can experience heat cramps and exhaustion. Between 105˚ and 130˚F (40˚ and 54˚C), heat exhaustion is more likely. You should limit your activities at this range. An environmental temperature over 130˚F (54˚C) often leads to heatstroke.

Other heat-related illnesses include:

• heat exhaustion
• heatstroke
• muscle cramps
• heat swelling
• fainting

Symptoms

Symptoms of heat-related illness depend on the type and the severity of the illness.

Some common symptoms of heat exhaustion include:

• sweating heavily
• exhaustion or fatigue
• dizziness or lightheadedness
• blacking out or feeling dizzy when standing up
• weak but fast pulse
• feelings of nausea
• vomiting

Symptoms of heatstroke include:

• reddish skin that feels hot to the touch
• strong and fast pulse
• losing consciousness
• internal body temperature over 103˚F (39˚C)

Treatment

If someone loses consciousness and shows one or more of the symptoms of heat exhaustion or heat stroke, call 911 right away.

To treat heat exhaustion, try to keep yourself cool with cold, damp cloths around your body and slowly take small sips of water until the symptoms begin to fade. Try to get out of the heat. Find some place with air conditioning or a lower temperature (especially out of direct sunlight). Rest on a couch or bed.

To treat heatstroke, cover yourself with cold, damp cloths or take a cold bath to normalize your body temperature. Get out of the heat immediately to a place with a lower temperature. Don’t drink anything until you (or the person experiencing heatstroke) receive medical attention.

Prevention

Stay well-hydrated to best avoid heat-related illness. Drink enough fluids so that your urine is light-colored or clear. Don’t rely solely on thirst as a guide to how much liquid you should be drinking. When you lose a lot of fluids or sweat profusely, be sure to replace electrolytes as well.

Wear clothing that is appropriate to your environment. Clothes that are too thick or too warm can quickly cause you to become overheated. If you feel yourself getting too hot, loosen your clothing or remove excess clothing until you feel cool enough. Wear sunscreen when possible to avoid sunburn, which makes it harder for your body to get rid of excess heat.

Try to avoid places that can get extremely hot, such as inside cars. Never leave another person, child, or pet, even for short periods of time.

Risk factors

Common risk factors that can cause you to be more susceptible to heat-related illness include:

• being younger than 4 or older than 65
• exposure to abrupt weather changes from cold to hot
• being overweight or obese
• taking medications such as diuretics and antihistamines
• using illicit drugs such as cocaine
• exposure to a high heat index (measurement of both heat and humidity)

As with high temperatures, don’t rely solely on the thermometer reading of environmental air for gauging cold temperatures. The speed of the wind and external body moisture can cause a chill that dramatically changes your body’s rate of cooling and how you feel. In extremely cold weather, especially with a high wind chill factor, you can quickly experience the onset of hypothermia. Falling into cold water can also result in immersion hypothermia.

Some cold-related illnesses include:

• hypothermia
• frostbite
• trench foot (or “immersion foot”)
• chilblains
• Raynaud’s phenomenon
• cold-induced hives

In addition to these illnesses, winter weather can cause major inconveniences for travelers. Always be prepared to deal with heavy snow and extreme cold, whether you’re on the road or at home.

Symptoms

When your body first drops below 98.6˚F (37˚C), you may experience:

• shivering
• an increased heart rate
• a slight decrease in coordination
• an increased urge to urinate

When your body temperature is between 91.4˚ and 85.2˚F (33˚ and 30˚C), you’ll:

• decrease or stop shivering
• fall into a stupor
• feel drowsy
• be unable to walk
• experience quick alternations between rapid heart rate and breathing too slowly
• shallow breathing

Between 85.2˚ and 71.6˚F (30˚C and 22˚C), you’ll experience:

• minimal breathing
• poor to no reflexes
• inability to move or respond to stimuli
• low blood pressure
• possibly coma

A body temperature below 71.6˚F (22˚C) can result in muscles becoming rigid, blood pressure becoming extremely low or even absent, heart and breathing rates decreasing, and it can ultimately lead to death.

Treatment

If someone passes out, shows multiple symptoms listed above, and has a body temperature of 95˚F (35˚C) or lower, call 911 immediately. Perform CPR if the person isn’t breathing or doesn’t have a pulse.

To treat hypothermia, get out of the cold as soon as possible and to a warmer environment. Remove any damp or wet clothing and start warming up the middle areas of your body, including your head, neck, and chest, with a heating pad or against the skin of someone with a normal body temperature. Drink something warm to gradually increase your body temperature, but don’t have anything alcoholic.

Even after you begin to feel warm again, stay dry and keep yourself wrapped up in a warm blanket. Seek medical help right away to minimize the harm to your body.

To treat frostbite, soak the affected area in warm water no hotter than 105˚F (40˚C) and wrap it in gauze. Keep any toes or fingers affected by frostbite separated from each other to avoid rubbing the areas against each other. Do not rub, use, or walk on frostbitten skin, as this can cause tissue damage. See your doctor if you still can’t feel anything on your frostbitten skin after 30 minutes.

Prevention

It’s essential to protect anyone experiencing early symptoms of hypothermia. If possible, remove them from the cold immediately. Don’t try to warm a person suffering from serious hypothermia with vigorous exercise or rubbing, as this can lead to further problems.

To prevent cold-related illness, take one or more of these measures when the temperature starts to drop:

• eat substantial meals regularly and drink plenty of water
• avoid drinks with alcohol or caffeine
• remain inside near a source of heat
• wear a hat, beanie, or something similar on your head to retain heat and gloves or mittens on your hands
• wear multiple layers of clothing
• use lotion and lip balm to prevent dryness of your skin and lips
• bring extra clothes to change into in case you get damp or wet
• wear sunglasses when it’s snowing or extremely bright outside to avoid snow blindness

Risk factors

Common risk factors for hypothermia and frostbite include:

• being younger than 4 or older than 65
• consuming alcohol, caffeine, or tobacco
• being dehydrated
• exposing skin to extremely cold temperatures, especially when exercising and sweating
• becoming damp or wet in cold temperatures

Last medically reviewed on January 10, 2017

How we reviewed this article:

Healthline has strict sourcing guidelines and relies on peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical associations. We avoid using tertiary references. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our editorial policy.

• Beat the heat weather ready nation campaign. (2014, July 28). Retrieved from 
  nws.noaa.gov/os/heat/index.shtml
• Cold related illnesses. (2016)
  health.mo.gov/living/healthcondiseases/hypothermia/illnesses.php
• Cold weather illness: Recognition, management, and prevention of cold exposure. (2016)
  uiltexas.org/health/info/cold-weather-illness
• Hypothermia. (2012, December 3)
  cdc.gov/disasters/winter/staysafe/hypothermia.html
• Mayo Clinic Staff. (2014, May 16). Heat and exercise: Keeping cool in hot weather
  mayoclinic.org/healthy-living/fitness/in-depth/exercise/art-20048167
• Mayo Clinic Staff. (2014, November 25). Heat exhaustion. Retrieved from
  mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/heat-exhaustion/basics/definition/con-20033366
• Tips to prevent cold related illness. (2014, January 25). Retrieved from
  dmhhs.dc.gov/release/tips-prevent-cold-related-illness
• Top ten Red Cross cold weather safety tips. (2015, February 18)
  redcross.org/news/article/Top-Ten-Red-Cross-Cold-Weather-Safety-Tips
• Warning signs and symptoms of heat-related illness. (2011, June 20)
  cdc.gov/extremeheat/warning.html
• Wexler, R. K. (2002, June 1). Evaluation and treatment of heat-related illnesses. American Family Physician, 65(11), 2307-2315
  aafp.org/afp/2002/0601/p2307.html
• Winter weather. (2015, April 23)
  cdc.gov/disasters/winter/index.html

Share this article

Medically reviewed by Elaine K. Luo, M.D. — By The Healthline Editorial Team — Updated on September 17, 2018

Read this next

• How Extremely Cold Weather Can Affect Your Health

  Snow and freezing temperatures have hit the East Coast. Weather like this can put your health at risk in many ways, but you can take steps to protect…

  READ MORE

• Feel Cold All the Time? Here’s Why — and How to Warm Up

  Medically reviewed by Avi Varma, MD, MPH, AAHIVS, FAAFP

  If you always feel cold, you might just have a lower cold tolerance, but a constant cold sensation can also suggest an underlying health concern.

  READ MORE

• Hypothermia

  Medically reviewed by George Krucik, MD, MBA

  Hypothermia is a condition that occurs when your body temperature drops below 95°F. Major complications can result from this drop in temperature…

  READ MORE

• Myth Busters: Does Cold Weather Make You Sick?

  Medically reviewed by Deborah Weatherspoon, Ph.D., MSN

  Does cold weather really make you sick? Learn why cold weather gets a bad rap and what culprits you should really be wary of.

  READ MORE

• What Can I Do About Cold Feet and Hands?

  Medically reviewed by Stacy Sampson, D.O.

  Whether you have cold feet and hands naturally or there’s a cause that you need to remedy, here’s what to know and what you can do about it.

  READ MORE

• What Is Hyperthermia and How Is It Treated?

  Medically reviewed by Stacy Sampson, D.O.

  Hyperthermia occurs when your temperature climbs too high and threatens your health. Here’s why this happens and what you can do to prevent illness.

  READ MORE

• Diagnosing and Treating a Winter Rash

  Medically reviewed by Debra Sullivan, Ph.D., MSN, R.N., CNE, COI

  A winter rash is an area of irritated skin that develops during winter, often due to dry skin. Learn how to treat and prevent winter rashes.

  READ MORE

• Sun Protective Clothing

  Medically reviewed by Laura Marusinec, MD

  Clothing and hats are among the simplest and most effective ways to guard your skin from the sun’s harmful rays. Unlike sunscreen, you won’t have to…

  READ MORE

• Everything You Need to Know About Ice Burn

  An ice burn can develop when your skin is exposed to very cold temperatures. Learn how to prevent and treat it.

  READ MORE

• Everlywell Review: Are These Home Test Kits Worth It?

  Medically reviewed by Debra Sullivan, Ph.D., MSN, R.N., CNE, COI

  Everlywell home test kits are a convenient way to get information about your health. We review the pros and cons.

  READ MORE

Heat Tracker: Dangerous Temperatures Expected Across Texas and the South

1. Monday
2. Tuesday
3. Wednesday
4. Thursday
5. Friday
6. Saturday
7. Sunday

Dangerous levels of heat are forecast in the South, West and Northeast on Monday, according to data from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.

See temperatures on this page as:

Caution
Feels like 80°-90°

Extreme caution
90°-103°

Danger
103°-125°

Heat index forecast for Monday

A map showing the highest forecast heat index level in the contiguous United States on Monday.

CALIF.

NEV.

LA.

TEXAS

ALA.

ARIZ.

ARK.

COLO.

FLA.

GA.

IDAHO

ILL.

IND.

IOWA

KAN.

KY.

MAINE

MD.

MASS.

MICH.

MINN.

MISS.

MO.

MONT.

NEB.

N.J.

N.M.

N.Y.

N.C.

N.D.

OHIO

OKLA.

ORE.

PA.

S.C.

S.D.

TENN.

UTAH

VA.

WASH.

W.VA.

WIS.

WYO.

CALIF.

NEV.

LA.

TEXAS

ALA.

ARIZ.

ARK.

COLO.

CONN.

DEL.

FLA.

GA.

IDAHO

ILL.

IND.

IOWA

KAN.

KY.

MAINE

MD.

MASS.

MICH.

MINN.

MISS.

MO.

MONT.

NEB.

N.H.

N.J.

N.M.

N.Y.

N.C.

N.D.

OHIO

OKLA.

ORE.

PA.

S.C.

S.D.

TENN.

UTAH

VT.

VA.

WASH.

W.VA.

WIS.

WYO.

CALIF.

NEV.

LA.

TEXAS

ALA.

ARIZ.

ARK.

COLO.

CONN.

DEL.

FLA.

GA.

IDAHO

ILL.

IND.

IOWA

KAN.

KY.

MAINE

MD.

MASS.

MICH.

MINN.

MISS.

MO.

MONT.

NEB.

N.H.

N.J.

N.M.

N.Y.

N.C.

N.D.

OHIO

OKLA.

ORE.

PA.

R.I.

S.C.

S.D.

TENN.

UTAH

VT.

VA.

WASH.

W.VA.

WIS.

WYO.

CALIF.

NEV.

LA.

TEXAS

ALA.

ARIZ.

ARK.

COLO.

CONN.

DEL.

FLA.

GA.

IDAHO

ILL.

IND.

IOWA

KAN.

KY.

MAINE

MD.

MASS.

MICH.

MINN.

MISS.

MO.

MONT.

NEB.

N.H.

N.J.

N.M.

N.Y.

N.C.

N.D.

OHIO

OKLA.

ORE.

PA.

R.I.

S.C.

S.D.

TENN.

UTAH

VT.

VA.

WASH.

W.VA.

WIS.

WYO.

Source: NOAA

Map shows the highest forecast heat index level on Monday.

Jump to:

Your areaMajor citiesThe week ahead

About 57.4 million people — 17 percent of the population of the contiguous United States — live in the areas expected to have dangerous levels of heat.

The heat index is a measure of how hot it really feels outside, taking into account humidity along with temperature. The measurement is used to indicate when the level of heat is dangerous for the human body while in the shade. When out in the sun, a person could perceive that temperature as being higher by up to 15 degrees Fahrenheit (8. 3 degrees Celsius).

Risks associated with heat index levels

Caution

Fatigue is possible after long exposure or exercise.

A heat index of 80 to 90 degrees Fahrenheit

Extreme caution

Possible risk of heat stroke, heat cramps or heat exhaustion after long exposure or exercise.

90 to 103 degrees

Danger

Heat cramps or heat exhaustion is likely. After long exposure or exercise, heat stroke is also possible.

103 to 125 degrees

Extreme Danger

Heat stroke is highly likely.

125 degrees or higher

Risk level definitions are from NOAA.

Hundreds of people die from extreme heat in the United States every year. On hot days, the National Weather Service recommends that people drink fluids, stay in cooler rooms, keep out of the sun and check up on relatives and neighbors, especially older people and those who live alone.

How hot will it feel in your area?

Look up the coming week’s forecast for places across the country, and see the heat index forecast in or near your city or town.

Heat index forecast for…

Over the next week in {city_name}, the highest heat index forecast is {weekly_max_temp} degrees {temp_unit} on {weekly_max_day}. Compared with today, forecasts show that the heat index will be {week_outlook}.

Heat forecasts in major cities

During this weeklong period, 66 major cities are forecast, as of Monday, to have dangerous levels of heat on one or more days.

Fayetteville, N.C.

Phoenix, Ariz.

Chandler, Ariz.

Gilbert, Ariz.

Mesa, Ariz.

Tampa, Fla.

Chesapeake, Va.

Glendale, Ariz.

Scottsdale, Ariz.

Peoria, Ariz.

Tempe, Ariz.

Jacksonville, Fla.

Tucson, Ariz.

Raleigh, N.C.

Corpus Christi, Texas

Orlando, Fla.

Durham, N.C.

Laredo, Texas

Baton Rouge, La.

Cary, N.C.

Savannah, Ga.

Lafayette, La.

Key West, Fla.

Houston, Texas

Charlotte, N.C.

St. Petersburg, Fla.

Norfolk, Va.

Hialeah, Fla.

Columbus, Ga.

Brownsville, Texas

Shreveport, La.

Hattiesburg, Miss.

Austin, Texas

Las Vegas, Nev.

Augusta, Ga.

Newport News, Va.

Miami, Fla.

New Orleans, La.

Tallahassee, Fla.

Fort Lauderdale, Fla.

Macon, Ga.

Jackson, Miss.

Gulfport, Miss.

Mobile, Ala.

Biloxi, Miss.

San Antonio, Texas

Dallas, Texas

Montgomery, Ala.

Tupelo, Miss.

Fort Worth, Texas

Tulsa, Okla.

Plano, Texas

Irving, Texas

Garland, Texas

Frisco, Texas

McKinney, Texas

Little Rock, Ark.

Southaven, Miss.

Arlington, Texas

Grand Prairie, Texas

Olive Branch, Miss.

Memphis, Tenn.

Killeen, Texas

Oklahoma City, Okla.

Lincoln, Neb.

Topeka, Kan.

Source: NOAA

Values shown represent the highest forecast heat index level for each day. Forecast data is as of 8:44 a.m. on July 3, 2023.

The week ahead across the nation

While next-day forecasts can be quite accurate, forecasts become less reliable the further into the future they predict. Over the next week, dangerous levels of heat are expected in the South, Midwest and West.

Heat index forecast for the next six days

Maps show the highest level forecast each day.

Caution
Feels like 80°-90°

Extreme caution
90°-103°

Danger
103°-125°

Tuesday, July 4

Wednesday, July 5

Thursday, July 6

Friday, July 7

Saturday, July 8

Sunday, July 9

Source: NOAA

Summer temperatures have become hotter and more extreme in recent decades, and the health effects of extreme heat can be severe.

Methodology

Maps on this page are as of 8:44 a.m. on July 3, 2023, using data from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. All data shown are forecasts, including maps for the date of publication.

The highest forecast heat index is calculated using all available hourly forecasts for each day published by the NOAA. For some days further in the future, forecasts are published only every three or six hours. This means that the highest forecast heat index numbers are more accurate for the most recent maps.

Population calculations are based on census tract population centers from the U.S. Census Bureau. Tracts are determined to be at risk of dangerous heat if the population center of the tract is forecast to be exposed to a heat index of 103 degrees Fahrenheit or more.

Model List and Criteria for Hazardous Meteorological Phenomena

Model List and Criteria for Hazardous Meteorological Phenomena

significant damage to sectors of the economy.

Based on the typical (exemplary) list of hazards below, the territorial departments of the hydrometeorological service (UGMS) compile a list of hazards adjusted to local specifics for their service area.

unfavorable meteorological phenomena include meteorological phenomena, which by their characteristics (intensity, duration) do not reach the criteria of an OH, but significantly impede the activity of certain sectors of the economy.

Source: Manual on Short-range Weather Forecasts (RD 52.27.724 – 2019)

0008

4. High/Low Temperature Hazards \ ConsultantPlus

The document has not entered into force. See Help for more details

4. High/low temperature hazards

4.1

High temperature surfaces (exposure to convective heat)

4.1.1

Burning of the skin of a worker due to contact with a surface having a high temperature

Protective clothing against convective heat

Suit

1 pc.

Overalls

1 pc.

1 pc.

Special footwear for protection against contact with heated surfaces

Low shoes

Boots

Half boots

Boots

1 pair

Hand protection against convective heat

Gloves

Mittens

12 pairs

Armbands to protect against convective heat

12 pairs

Personal head protection: headgear to protect against convective heat

Balaclava

1 pc. for 2 years

Helmet

Hat

1 pc. for 2 years

Eye and face protection against convective heat

Face shield

1 pc.

4.2

High temperature material, liquid or gas

4.2.1

Burning of the skin and mucous membranes of a worker due to contact with a material, liquid or gas having a high temperature

Protective clothing against convective heat

Suit

1 pc.

Overalls

1 pc.

Special footwear for protection against contact with heated surfaces

Low shoes

Boots

Half boots

Boots

1 pair

Hand protection against convective heat

Gloves

Mittens

12 pairs

Armbands to protect against convective heat

12 pairs

Head protection for heat protection

Protective helmet up to +150 °C

1 pc. for 2 years

Headgear to protect against convective heat: balaclava, helmet

1 pc. for two years

Personal splash protection

Protective shield

1 pc. for 2 years

Personal protective equipment for respiratory organs of the filtering type, antiaerosol, antigasoaerosol (combined)

Antiaerosol and antiaerosol with additional protection against gases and vapors personal respiratory protection equipment with a filtering face – filtering half masks

defined by manufacturer’s documents

Respirator

Gas mask

defined by manufacturer’s documents

Insulating facepieces (masks, half masks, quarter masks) for personal protective equipment (used in conjunction with replacement filters)

Replacement filters (filter elements: anti-aerosol, anti-gas, anti-gas-aerosol (combined) for personal protective equipment

Air-supplied respiratory protective equipment

Filter self-rescuers

4. 3

Other hazards associated with exposure to convective heat

In case of identification of other hazards at the workplace, the employee is provided with personal protective equipment necessary to protect against the identified hazards. The nomenclature, quantity and terms of wear are determined by the employer in accordance with the Rules and on the basis of the manufacturer’s regulatory and technical documentation

4.4

Energy of open flames, metal splashes, sparks and splashes of molten metal and metal scale

4.4.1

Burns of the skin and mucous membranes of a worker exposed to an open flame

Special clothing for protection against short-term exposure to open flames

Suit

1 pc.

Overalls

1 pc.

Personal protective equipment for hands to protect against short-term exposure to open flame

Gloves

Mittens

12 pairs

Sleeves

12 pairs

Special footwear for protection against short-term exposure to open flames and against contact with heated surfaces

Boots

Half boots

Boots

1 pair

Personal protective equipment head: headgear for protection against short-term exposure to open flames

Balaclava

1 pc. for 2 years

Helmet

Hat

1 pc. for 2 years

Head protection for heat protection

Protective helmet

+150 °C

1 pc. for 2 years

Personal protective equipment for the face against thermal radiation

Face shield

1 pc.

4.4.2

Burn of the cornea of ​​an employee’s eye with hot liquids and gases, as well as thermal radiation and exposure to open flames

Personal protective equipment for the face against thermal radiation

Goggles

1 pc.

Protective shield

1 pc.

4.4.3

Burns of the skin and mucous membranes of a worker from exposure to sparks and splashes of molten metal and scale

Special clothing for protection against sparks and splashes of molten metal, scale

Suit

1 pc.

Coverall according to protection classes

1 pc.

By protection class

Apron for protection against sparks and splashes of molten metal, scale

1 pc.

Special footwear for protection of sparks and splashes of molten metal, scale

Boots

Half boots

Boots

1 pair

Personal protective equipment for protection against sparks and splashes of molten metal, scale

Gloves

Mittens

12 pairs

Sleeves

12 pairs

Personal head protection: headgear to protect against sparks and splashes of molten metal, scale

Balaclava

1 pc.

Drape

1 pc.

Helmet

1 pc.

Personal protective equipment for eyes and face against splashes of molten metal and hot particles

Goggles

Protective shield

defined by manufacturer’s documents

including with automatic filter

4.4.4

Burns of the skin and mucous membranes of a worker due to a splash of molten metal

Molten metal splash clothing

Suit

Raincoat

1 pc.

Overalls

1 pc.

Raincoat

1 pc.

Molten Splash Drape

1 pc.

Molten metal splash protection for hands

Gloves

Mittens

12 pairs

Molten Splash Sleeves

12 pairs

Special footwear for protection against contact with heated surfaces

Low shoes

Boots

Half boots

Boots

1 pair

Head protection for heat protection

Protective helmet

+150 °C

1 pc. for 2 years

Personal protective equipment for eyes and face against splashes of molten metal and hot particles

Goggles Protective visor

defined by manufacturer’s documents

including with automatic filter

4. 4.5

Other hazardous burn events

In case of identification of other hazards at the workplace, the employee is provided with personal protective equipment necessary to protect against the identified hazards. The nomenclature, quantity and terms of wear are determined by the employer in accordance with the Rules and on the basis of the manufacturer’s regulatory and technical documentation

4.5

Chilled surface, chilled liquid or gas

4.5.1

Frostbite of the soft tissues of a worker due to contact with a surface having a low temperature, with a cooled liquid or gas

Personal protective equipment for hands to protect against contact with chilled surfaces

Gloves

Mittens

12 pairs

Leg protection for cold surfaces

Knee pads

defined by manufacturer’s documents

Special rubber or plastic shoes) for protection against water

Galoshes

Half boots

Boots

1 pair

or

Special footwear for protection against water and solutions of non-toxic substances

Boots

Half boots

Boots

1 pair

4. 6

Other high and low temperature hazards

In case of identification of other hazards at the workplace, the employee is provided with personal protective equipment necessary to protect against the identified hazards. The nomenclature, quantity and terms of wear are determined by the employer in accordance with the Rules and on the basis of the manufacturer’s regulatory and technical documentation

4.7

Low ambient temperature in the working area, including climate-related

4.7.1

Worker colds due to exposure to low air temperature, frostbite of soft tissues, including soft tissues of the limbs

Special clothing for protection against low temperatures, low temperatures and wind

Suit/set (including separate items: jacket, trousers, semi-overalls, vest)

According to climatic zones and protection classes

Overalls

According to climatic zones and protection classes

Special insulated underwear (insulated underpants/knickers, sweatshirt, insulated)

2 pcs.

or

Special thermal underwear (underpants/knickers, jersey)

2 pcs.

Hosiery

12 pairs

Special footwear for protection against low temperatures

Boots

Half boots

Boots

according to climatic zones

Footwear, felted

for climatic zones for climatic zones

Fur boots (boots)

Cold weather hand protection

Gloves

Mittens for climatic zones

4 pairs

Fur mittens

1 pair for 2 years

Personal head protection: cold weather headgear

Balaclava

1 pc.

Fur balaclava

1 pc. for 3 years

According to climatic zones

Hat

1 pc.

Helmet

1 pc.

4.8

High ambient temperature, in the working area, including climate-related

4.8.1

Heat stroke during prolonged exposure to the open air with direct exposure to the sun’s rays on the unprotected surface of the head

Special clothing for protection against general industrial pollution

Suit (including separate items: jacket, trousers, semi-overalls)

1 pc.

Suit (including separate items: shirt, shirt, skirt)

1 pc.

1 pc.

Overalls

1 pc.

light

Robe

1 pc.

light

1 pc.

Special footwear for protection against general industrial pollution

Low shoes (also with perforations) Low shoes

1 pair

Shoes (sabo)

1 pair

Personal protective equipment head: headgear for protection against general industrial pollution

Cap

Baseball cap

Cap

Visor

Scarf

Cap

1 pc.

4.8.2

Heat stroke from prolonged exposure to high air temperature;

heat stroke during long stay in a room with high air temperature;

Clothing for protection against thermal radiation

Suit

1 pc.

Overalls

1 pc.

or

Raincoat

1 pc.

Radiant heat hand protection

Gloves

Mittens

12 pairs

Radiant Heat Sleeves

12 pairs

Special footwear for protection against contact with heated surfaces

Low shoes

Boots

Half boots

Boots

1 pair

Radiant heat headgear

Helmet

1 pc.

Balaclava

Hat

1 pc.

Personal protective equipment for the face against thermal radiation

Shield

1 pc.

4.9

High ambient humidity in the work area, including climate related

4.9.1

Exposure to moisture in the form of fog, dew, precipitation, condensation, jets and drops of liquid

Protective clothing against water

Coat

short coat

raincoat

1 pc. for 2 years

Windbreaker or cape

1 pc. for 2 years

Suit, including separate items: jacket, trousers, semi-overalls according to protection classes

Overalls

1 pc. for 2 years

according to protection classes

Personal protective equipment for hands to protect against water and solutions of non-toxic substances

Gloves

Mittens

6 pairs

Sleeves

defined by manufacturer’s documents

Waterproof

Special footwear made of rubber or plastic materials to protect against water

Galoshes

Half boots

Boots

1 pair

or

Special footwear for protection against water and solutions of non-toxic substances

Boots

Low boots

Boots

1 pair

4. 10

Low ambient temperature and wind in the workplace

4.10.1

Illness of a worker due to exposure to air movement and/or low temperature

Special clothing for protection against low temperatures and wind

Suit (including separate items: jacket, trousers, semi-overalls, vest)

1 pc.

Overalls

1 pc.

1 pc.

Protective clothing against cold environment and wind

or

Suit (including separate items: jacket, trousers, semi-overalls, vest)

1 pc.

according to climatic zones and protection classes

Personal head protection: cold weather headgear

Balaclava

1 pc.

Hat

or

Helmet

1 pc.

according to climatic zones

according to climatic zones

1 pc.

Dermatological personal protective equipment of a protective type means for negative environmental influences from exposure to low temperatures, wind

Cream

Lotion

Gel

Spray

600 ml.

Dermatological personal protective equipment regenerating (repairing) type

Cream

Lotion

Gel

Spray

600 ml.

4.10.2

Other hazardous events related to the climate in the work area

In case of identification of other hazards at the workplace, the employee is provided with personal protective equipment necessary to protect against the identified hazards.