How can diabetics safely detox. What are the benefits of juice cleanses for diabetes prevention. Are there risks associated with detox diets for people with diabetes. How can blended juice cleanses help regulate blood sugar levels. What should diabetics consider before starting a cleanse.

Understanding Diabetes and the Role of Detoxification

Diabetes is a chronic condition characterized by elevated blood sugar levels. For individuals with diabetes, maintaining stable blood glucose is crucial for overall health and preventing complications. While traditional medical treatments remain the cornerstone of diabetes management, there’s growing interest in complementary approaches like detoxification and cleansing.

But can diabetics safely engage in detox practices? Let’s explore the potential benefits and risks of cleansing for people with diabetes, as well as evidence-based strategies for supporting metabolic health.

What is a diabetes cleanse?

A diabetes cleanse typically refers to a short-term dietary modification aimed at supporting the body’s natural detoxification processes while helping to regulate blood sugar levels. These cleanses often involve eliminating processed foods, refined carbohydrates, and added sugars while emphasizing whole, nutrient-dense foods.

The Potential Benefits of Juice Cleanses for Diabetes Prevention

Juice cleanses have gained popularity as a method for “resetting” the body and potentially reducing the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. However, it’s important to distinguish between different types of juices and their effects on blood sugar.

The paradox of juice consumption and diabetes risk

Interestingly, juice can be both a contributor to diabetes risk and a potential tool for prevention, depending on its composition and preparation method. Store-bought fruit juices often contain high levels of added sugars, which can lead to rapid spikes in blood glucose and potentially increase diabetes risk over time.

On the other hand, carefully crafted vegetable-based juices or blended juice cleanses can offer a low-sugar alternative packed with beneficial nutrients. These healthier options may help regulate blood sugar levels and reduce sugar cravings, potentially lowering diabetes risk factors.

How can blended juice cleanses support diabetes prevention?

• Provide concentrated nutrients: Vegetable-based juices offer a dense source of vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants that support overall health and metabolic function.
• Reduce sugar intake: By replacing sugary beverages with low-sugar green juices, individuals can significantly cut their overall sugar consumption.
• Promote weight management: Juice cleanses may aid in short-term weight loss, which is a key factor in reducing type 2 diabetes risk.
• Reset taste buds: A period of reduced sugar intake can help recalibrate taste preferences, making it easier to maintain a lower-sugar diet long-term.
• Improve insulin sensitivity: Some studies suggest that certain plant compounds found in vegetable juices may help improve insulin sensitivity.

Considerations for Diabetics Considering a Cleanse

While juice cleanses may offer potential benefits for diabetes prevention, individuals already diagnosed with diabetes must approach detoxification with caution. Rapid changes in diet can significantly impact blood sugar levels, potentially leading to dangerous fluctuations.

Can diabetics safely participate in juice cleanses?

The short answer is: it depends. People with diabetes should always consult their healthcare provider before starting any new dietary regimen, including a juice cleanse. Some key considerations include:

1. Blood sugar monitoring: More frequent blood glucose checks may be necessary during a cleanse.
2. Medication adjustments: Changes in diet can affect how diabetes medications work, requiring dose modifications.
3. Nutrient balance: Ensuring adequate protein and healthy fats to help stabilize blood sugar levels.
4. Hydration: Maintaining proper fluid balance, especially if increasing vegetable juice intake.
5. Duration: Shorter, more moderate cleanses may be safer than extended periods of dramatic dietary change.

Safe Detox Strategies for People with Diabetes

Rather than embarking on extreme cleansing regimens, individuals with diabetes can adopt gentler, more sustainable approaches to support their body’s natural detoxification processes while maintaining blood sugar control.

What are some diabetes-friendly detox methods?

• Gradual incorporation of green juices: Slowly introducing low-sugar vegetable juices as part of a balanced diet, rather than relying on juice-only cleanses.
• Emphasis on whole foods: Focusing on nutrient-dense, minimally processed foods to support overall health and stable blood sugar levels.
• Increased fiber intake: Consuming more high-fiber foods to aid digestion and promote a healthy gut microbiome.
• Proper hydration: Drinking adequate water to support kidney function and natural detoxification processes.
• Regular exercise: Engaging in physical activity to improve insulin sensitivity and promote overall metabolic health.
• Stress reduction: Incorporating stress-management techniques like meditation or yoga, which can positively impact blood sugar control.

The Role of Green Drinks in Diabetes Management

While extended juice cleanses may not be suitable for all diabetics, incorporating green drinks into a balanced diet can offer potential benefits for blood sugar management and overall health.

How can green drinks support diabetes management?

Green drinks, typically made from a blend of low-sugar vegetables and leafy greens, can provide several advantages for people with diabetes:

• Low glycemic impact: Most green drinks have a minimal effect on blood sugar levels due to their low sugar content.
• Nutrient density: They offer a concentrated source of vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants that support overall health.
• Hydration: Green drinks can contribute to daily fluid intake, which is important for kidney function and blood sugar regulation.
• Appetite regulation: The fiber and nutrients in green drinks may help promote feelings of fullness and reduce cravings for less healthy foods.
• Potential insulin-sensitizing effects: Some plant compounds found in green vegetables may help improve insulin sensitivity over time.

Research on Detox Programs and Diabetes Outcomes

While the concept of “detoxification” is often met with skepticism in the medical community, some preliminary research suggests that carefully designed cleanse programs may have potential benefits for diabetes management.

What does the research say about detox programs and diabetes?

A recent clinical research study conducted on Chef V’s detox and green drink products showed promising results for diabetes management. The study found that a 21-day Chef V detox program followed by a week of consuming their organic green drink led to a reduction in A1C blood sugar levels.

While this single study is encouraging, it’s important to note that more extensive research is needed to fully understand the long-term effects and safety of detox programs for people with diabetes. Always consult with a healthcare provider before making significant changes to your diabetes management plan.

The Importance of Medical Supervision for Diabetic Cleanses

Given the potential risks associated with rapid changes in diet for people with diabetes, medical supervision is crucial when considering any type of cleanse or detox program.

Why is professional guidance essential for diabetics considering a cleanse?

• Personalized approach: A healthcare provider can help tailor a cleanse program to an individual’s specific health needs and diabetes management goals.
• Medication management: Dietary changes may require adjustments to diabetes medications to prevent dangerous blood sugar fluctuations.
• Monitoring for complications: Regular check-ins can help identify and address any adverse effects quickly.
• Nutritional guidance: Ensuring that any cleanse or detox program meets the nutritional needs of someone with diabetes.
• Long-term strategy: Developing a plan for transitioning from a cleanse back to a sustainable, diabetes-friendly diet.

Debunking Detox Myths and Evaluating Claims

The world of detox diets is rife with exaggerated claims and potentially dangerous practices. It’s crucial for individuals with diabetes to approach cleansing with a critical eye and rely on evidence-based information.

How can diabetics evaluate detox diet claims?

When considering a detox program or cleanse, keep these points in mind:

• Be wary of extreme claims: If a program promises miraculous results or cures, it’s likely too good to be true.
• Check for scientific backing: Look for detox plans that have been studied in reputable clinical trials.
• Avoid prolonged fasting: Extended periods without food can be particularly dangerous for people with diabetes.
• Question the need for expensive supplements: Many detox programs push costly products that may not be necessary or safe.
• Prioritize whole foods: The most effective “detox” often comes from simply eating a balanced, nutrient-rich diet.
• Consult reliable sources: Seek information from diabetes organizations and medical professionals rather than relying solely on marketing materials.

Remember, the human body has its own highly efficient detoxification systems, primarily the liver and kidneys. For most people, including those with diabetes, supporting these natural processes through a healthy lifestyle is more effective than extreme detox regimens.

Incorporating Cleansing Principles into Daily Diabetes Management

Rather than relying on short-term cleanses, individuals with diabetes can adopt many of the principles behind detoxification as part of their ongoing health management strategy.

How can diabetics integrate cleansing concepts into their daily routine?

1. Emphasize whole, plant-based foods: Focus on filling your plate with a variety of colorful vegetables, fruits, whole grains, and legumes.
2. Stay hydrated: Drink plenty of water throughout the day to support kidney function and overall health.
3. Limit processed foods: Reduce intake of packaged snacks, sugary drinks, and refined carbohydrates.
4. Practice mindful eating: Pay attention to hunger cues, eat slowly, and savor your meals to promote better digestion and blood sugar control.
5. Incorporate fermented foods: Probiotic-rich options like yogurt, kefir, and sauerkraut can support gut health.
6. Experiment with herbal teas: Some herbs may have blood sugar-regulating properties, but always check with your doctor first.
7. Prioritize sleep: Adequate rest is crucial for metabolic health and natural detoxification processes.
8. Manage stress: Chronic stress can negatively impact blood sugar levels, so find relaxation techniques that work for you.

By adopting these habits consistently, individuals with diabetes can support their body’s natural cleansing processes without resorting to extreme measures.

The Future of Detoxification in Diabetes Care

As research in nutrition and diabetes management continues to evolve, we may see more evidence-based approaches to detoxification specifically tailored for people with diabetes.

What developments can we expect in diabetes-focused detox strategies?

• Personalized nutrition plans: Advances in genetic testing and microbiome analysis may allow for more individualized detox protocols.
• Targeted supplements: Research into specific compounds that support metabolic health and detoxification pathways in diabetics.
• Technology integration: Apps and devices that help individuals track the impact of cleansing practices on their blood sugar levels in real-time.
• Mindfulness-based approaches: Greater emphasis on the mind-body connection in diabetes management and detoxification.
• Functional food development: Creation of diabetes-friendly foods and beverages designed to support natural detoxification processes.

While these advancements hold promise, it’s important to remember that the foundation of diabetes management will likely always rely on a balanced diet, regular physical activity, and proper medical care.

In conclusion, while the concept of a “diabetes cleanse” may be appealing, individuals with diabetes must approach detoxification cautiously and under medical supervision. By focusing on evidence-based strategies and gradual lifestyle improvements, people with diabetes can support their body’s natural cleansing processes while maintaining stable blood sugar levels. As always, consult with your healthcare provider before making any significant changes to your diabetes management plan.

Is there a Safe Detox for Diabetics? Diabetes and Juice Cleanses

Maintaining blood sugar levels is important for everyone, but especially pressing for those with diabetes. Blended juice cleanses can help you get your blood sugar levels back under control, and cut sugar cravings as well – this makes them an incredibly useful tool for both preventing diabetes, and alleviating its symptoms.

Individuals with diabetes do need to be very careful with changes in their blood sugar levels, and with what they eat in general. This means that diabetic cleanses need to be approached with a little bit more care and thought. We’ll cover some of these considerations right here.

Juicing to Prevent Diabetes

In an odd twist,  juice is both one of the main causes of diabetes, and one of the main ways to prevent it. How does that work, you might ask?

The risk of Type 2 Diabetes can be increased significantly by the consumption of sugar (overall diet, lifestyle and genetics also play a role). A lot of the juice products you can buy in the grocery store tend to be filled with sugar, often artificially added in order to create a sweeter flavor. Since we tend to think of juice as “healthy”, we might gulp down a lot of sugar without realizing it.

However, there are also a lot of healthier juice options out there. The green drink in our blended juice cleanses, for example, is filled with only the healthiest fruits and vegetables, and has low overall sugar content  – an 8oz serving has 26 calories and 6 g of sugar. 

Blended juice cleanses can be a great way to help regulate the dangerous sugar levels that might lead to the development of diabetes. They’re also a great way to help regular sugar cravings. This doesn’t only promote weight loss, but it helps you better stick to a healthy diet that can be used to manage diabetes risk factors. While reading the labels on blended juice cleanses, check for the amount of sugar – some have up to 100 g of sugar! 

Juicing and Diabetes Concerns

So, a blended juice cleanse can be a great way to help prevent the high blood glucose levels that can be a risk factor for Type 2 Diabetes. But should people with Type 2 Diabetes be taking part in blended juice cleanses? Can it do anything for diabetes after it has developed?

If you are considering the possibility of a safe detox for diabetics, there are a few things to consider. Blood sugar levels for those with diabetes are much more difficult to control. This means that if you go all out on a hardcore diabetic cleanse to lose weight, you could possibly drop your blood sugar down to levels that are potentially unsafe.

If you have diabetes and aren’t sure about participating in a juice cleanse just yet, it doesn’t mean that you have to abandon the good stuff in a blended juice cleanse entirely – far from it. It does mean that you should try to set more limited and realistic blended juice cleanse goals for healthy living.

Cutting out sugary drinks is still important, as are managing sugar cravings. This is why incorporating green drinks into your regular diet can be a great way to help you achieve weight loss goals, and blood sugar level goals, even if you do have diabetes. By losing weight and cutting sugar cravings, you can help better manage your diabetes overall. With Chef V, you can get a green drink plan developed just for you, delivering the exact amount of the healthiest green drinks out there for your own health needs.

So while undergoing long cleanses may not be the best idea for those with diabetes, blended juice cleanse products can still play an important role in maintaining good health.

Recently Chef V had a clinical research study of its detox and green drink products completed. It shows that a 21 day Chef V detox plus a week of Chef V organic green drink lower A1C blood sugar levels. 

Detox Diet – What is a Detox Diet

Detox diets are frequently featured within the news. Whilst some of the principles of a detox diet are based upon healthy eating, we are advised to watch out for those making unfounded claims.

If you are considering a detox diet, it is advisable to consult your doctor, particularly if the diet involves taking supplements.

What is a detox diet?

A detox diet tends to refer to short term diets which claim to help remove a variety of environmental toxins.

Detox diets may typically vary in length between a few days to a few weeks.

A detox diet plan may include additional supplements as part of the plan.

It is advisable to check with your doctor before taking any supplements and, as certain diets can reduce our intake of specific nutrients

It is also advisable to first discuss any significant change in diet with your doctor.

Is a detox diet recommended?

The NHS does not recommend people rely on detox diets for a variety of reasons:

• They may be expensive
• Herbal ingredients may not have been tested for safety
• Herbal supplements may interact with medication
• Detox diets may not encourage people to stay healthy between ‘detoxes’

Examples of medications which may be affected by herbal supplements include warfarin and the contraceptive pill

Detox diets are no magic cure and healthy eating and exercise principles should be maintained as part of your daily lifestyle.

People with diabetes may also need to take caution with detox diets as some of the diets may include a higher carbohydrate intake than you may be used to.

• Read more on healthy diets for diabetes

Should I be eating superfoods?

In response to the number of unsubstantiated claims being made about certain foods being ‘superfoods’, the EU has banned use of the word unless the claims are backed up by credible research.

Research has consistently shown that eating a diet rich in a variety of vegetables and fruit to be beneficial to health and so this diet advice comes highly recommended.

Remember that certain fruits, particularly in the form of smoothies, can contain significant amounts of natural sugars so, if you’re in doubt, you can test your blood sugar levels before and after eating or drinking to see how different food or drink affects your blood glucose levels.

Is there any sense in a detox diet?

The effectiveness of specific, short term detox diets is highly debatable and the NHS has not endorsed any such detox diet.

With this said, it is possible to apply some of the principles of a detox diet to a long term healthy eating plan.

Many of the foods that frequently make it into the average British diet include processed and additive laden foods.

Examples include a lot of packaged red meats, certain ready meals and soft drinks.

Certainly few could argue that a long term healthy eating plan that replaces processed foods with fresh home prepared food is not a good route to strong health.

Are taking health supplements advised?

Vitamins and supplements can affect the body in a variety of ways.

Their may be risks associated with having too much or too little of certain vitamins and supplements which is why it’s advised that you first discuss your intentions with your doctor who will be able to advise you, taking into account your medical history as well as any medication you are on.

Diabetes mellitus – treatment and prevention of folk remedies

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Endocrinology

There are contraindications. It is necessary to consult with a specialist.

With the development of diabetes mellitus or an increased risk of this disease, alternative methods of treatment and prevention can be used. It is important to understand that each remedy has certain contraindications, therefore, before using it, you need to consult an endocrinologist and a nutritionist. The CDC-24 clinic employs experienced doctors who will give the necessary recommendations.

The most popular remedies for diabetes

There are a large number of popular recipes that help reduce blood glucose levels and stabilize metabolic processes in the body. Let’s take a look at the methods that have gained the greatest popularity:

1. A simple but effective way is to eat beans soaked overnight (3 pieces in half a glass of cold water) in the morning. The liquid in which the legumes were also needs to be drunk.
2. Making a healing drink from boiled water (1 cup) and turmeric (1 teaspoon). After thorough mixing, the liquid should be drunk before or after meals with an interval of 1 hour. If desired, turmeric can be replaced with cinnamon, and additionally eat soaked beans in the morning.
3. To create a decoction, take a wild rose (5 fruits) and pour it with boiling water (1 tbsp), then bring to a boil and keep on fire for five minutes. Now you need to let the liquid brew for about 4 hours, then you can filter and drink 4 r. a day half an hour before meals. A pronounced positive effect is achieved after 30 days of treatment.
4. Include chicken bile in the diet. You can use only a fresh product in its raw form with a frequency of 1 time per month. At the same time, you can use chicken liver to optimize metabolic processes. It is not necessary to chew offal.
5. In the autumn, you can make homemade sauerkraut and during the winter drink half a glass of brine every day (if there are no diseases of the gastrointestinal tract).
6. An excellent effect is given by the use of birch infusion. To prepare it, you need to pour 3 tbsp. spoons of birch buds with two cups of boiling water, then let stand for 5-6 hours, and then strain through cheesecloth. You need to drink the infusion 3 times a day for 85-90 ml
7. Try walnut leaf tea or make a drink based on the ripe fruit. In the second case, about 40 grams of the product and 0.5 liters of boiling water will be required. The mixture should be boiled for about 60 minutes, then taken daily, 1 tablespoon.
8. We prepare onion water, which will need to be drunk before meals every day, 50 ml. You will need a liter jar, 1 medium-sized onion and cold water. We cut the vegetable into rings and put it in a container, then add water and let it brew for a week (the jar should be closed with a nylon lid), after which we filter.
9. Improving health with oat infusion. For cooking, you need 100 grams of grains and 3 cups of boiling water. We combine the ingredients, put on the stove and cook in a water bath for a quarter of an hour. Then you need to let the liquid brew for 45 minutes, after which you can filter and add cold water (no more than 750 ml). Store the infusion in a glass container in the refrigerator. You need to drink liquid 4 times a day in a warm form, 110-125 ml half an hour before meals.
10. Adding baked onions to the menu. With proper preparation, the vegetable turns out to be quite soft and sweet, helps to speed up metabolism and reduce body weight. It is important that the onion is baked, and not fried or steamed. An oven or a frying pan is suitable for cooking, and you do not need to peel the husk first. Improvement in performance will be noticeable after a month.

Other useful recipes

In addition to the folk methods listed above, the following remedies can be used to reduce glucose concentration:

1. Special balm from flax seeds. It is very easy to prepare it – just add 2 tbsp to half a liter of boiling water. spoons of seeds ground into flour and, after removing from heat, cover with a lid. In the process of cooling, the husk will go down (save it if you have constipation – this component will help activate intestinal motility). To reduce sugar, you need to take the balm 30 minutes before meals once a day for six months – then you can count on the restoration of the pancreas. The use of a folk remedy does not exclude the introduction of insulin, but its dose can be reduced in accordance with the doctor’s recommendations. When it is possible to completely abandon insulin, we recommend continuing treatment for another 12 months, reducing the number of doses to 4 times a week.
2. Millet infusion. It will require 30 grams of product per 1 liter of boiling water. Mix the ingredients (millet must first be washed) and leave for 10-12 hours, then drink for 3 days with an even distribution of the amount of liquid. This recipe is great for any infectious diseases.
3. Sugar-reducing compote. We take an equal amount of pears and mountain ash (1 glass each, and the ingredients must be in dried form), pour cold water (1 l) and put on fire. After brewing, you need to let the drink brew for about 4 hours, this time is just enough for it to cool. You need to drink healing compote 4 times a day, 125 ml each. Rowan fruits can additionally be consumed in dried form without heat treatment.
4. Linden decoction. We make it from 2 tbsp. lime blossom and 3 liters of water. After combining, the ingredients must be boiled for 10 minutes, then wait for cooling and strain. Pour the pure liquid into a container convenient for you and place in the refrigerator. There is no clear schedule for taking it – we recommend drinking half a glass when thirst appears. When the decoction is over, you need to take a break for 3 weeks, and then repeat the course.
5. Infusion of buckwheat. We combine 1 cup of kefir and 1 tbsp. a spoonful of cereals crushed in a coffee grinder, mix thoroughly and leave overnight. You can drink in the morning on an empty stomach half an hour before breakfast.
6. A mixture of lemon (6 pieces) and peeled celery roots (0. 5 kg). Twist the ingredients, transfer to a saucepan and boil in a water bath for 2 hours, then cool. You need to store a folk remedy in the refrigerator, take 1 tablespoon half an hour before breakfast for two years.

In fact, there are many more prescriptions, so that each patient can choose the most suitable one for himself. It is important not to put your health at risk and visit a doctor before using any folk methods.

You can sign up for a consultation with an endocrinologist, nutritionist or therapist at CDC-24 at a convenient time for you by calling +7 (499) 520-84-95 .

CDC 24 on the map of Zelenograd — Yandex.Maps

Plasmapheresis in diabetes mellitus in Moscow

Plasmapheresis in diabetes mellitus

Plasmapheresis in the treatment of diabetes mellitus

In patients with diabetes mellitus, the most vulnerable place is the circulatory system. Typically, type 1 diabetes is accompanied by autoimmune reactions. People with type 2 diabetes are often at risk for atherosclerosis and related diseases. In addition, their blood contains an increased concentration of low-density lipoproteins and triglycerides. Therefore, plasmapheresis is able to have an effective effect in the treatment of the disease.

After a course of plasmapheresis:

• poisons, toxic substances, salts, lipoproteins and other harmful elements are removed from the body;
• reduces the risk of complications: angiopathy and retinopathy;
• normalizes lipid metabolism;
• glucose concentration is restored;
• disappears insulin resistance;
• increases the rate of blood circulation;
• blood viscosity decreases and its fluidity increases;
• restores the sensitivity of the skin;
• increased tissue perfusion;
• trophic ulcers and wounds heal;
• improves skin condition;
• dissolve atherosclerotic plaques;
• increased sensitivity to drugs that lower blood sugar levels;
• strengthens the immune system;
• improves the functioning of the liver, kidneys, heart, lungs and skin;
• rejuvenates the body.

In diabetes mellitus, plasma (25-40%) is replaced with a crystalloid solution (saline or other substitutes). During one session, the human body gets rid of 10-15% of toxic substances, which is comparable to the action of the most effective drugs. Therefore, after the first procedure, the patient’s condition improves markedly.

To get a stable effect, it is necessary to carry out 3-12 procedures, making a 2-3-day break between them.

For preventive purposes, it is recommended to do plasmapheresis annually.

Plasmapheresis in diabetes mellitus is prescribed if the patient is diagnosed with:

• disorders of fat metabolism, combined with severe hypertriglyceridemia;
• elevated lipid levels, obesity or hypoalphacholesterolemia accompanied by insulin resistance;
• increased blood viscosity;
• autoimmune nature of type 1 diabetes;
• diabetic retinopathy;
• diabetic nephropathy;
• diabetic polyneuropathy;
• diabetic foot and other circulatory disorders;
• allergy;
• skin diseases;
• diseases of the kidneys and liver.

Plasmapheresis is contraindicated for:

• Allergy to the components used;
• heart, kidney or liver failure;
• unstable hemodynamics;
• severe anemia;
• internal bleeding;
• post-stroke and post-infarction conditions.

Plasmapheresis can only be performed on the prescription of a doctor and in a clinic with an impeccable reputation. Otherwise, treatment can lead to poor health.

Why should you contact Best Clinic?

Best Clinic performs plasmapheresis on innovative Haemonetics PCS2 equipment. During the procedure, only disposable consumables are used, which are printed out in the presence of the patient. Therefore, the risk of contracting hepatitis and HIV infection is completely excluded.

Benefits of undergoing plasmapheresis at Best Clinic:

• Before the procedure, the doctor conducts research to determine the presence or absence of contraindications. Then he individually selects the number of sessions, taking into account the stage of the disease, as well as the age of the patient, his state of health and the presence of other diseases.
• The procedure takes place in the presence of a transfusiologist who controls the process and the patient’s condition. It constantly measures blood pressure, pulse and respiratory rate.
• Transfusiologists working in our medical center have received special training and certificates.
• If you wish, you can combine plasmapheresis with other examinations and specialist consultations.
• Optimal ratio of quality of treatment and cost.

Diplomas and awards

License of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation

Best clinic in nomination “patients’ choice” 2018, 2019 according to DocDoc and Napravka

The site is for informational purposes only and under no circumstances is it a public offer determined by the provisions of Part 2 of Art.