Zygote Body 3D Anatomy Online Visualizer

Zygote Body 3D Anatomy Online Visualizer | Human Anatomy 3D

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Navigation

• Click+drag with the mouse to rotate, scroll to zoom.
• Or use the buttons in the upper left. The Home button resets the view.
• Change from Capsule to Orbit mode in the upper right to enable full 3d
• rotation and hold Ctrl down to pan the view. (Premium users only)

Slider

• Use the opacity slider on the left to reveal layers.
• Click on the toggle below the slider to control layers individually.

Selection

• Use the searchbox at the upper right to search, or click on entities to select them.
• Click on the background or on the X to undo selection.
• Ctrl+click on entities to quickly hide entities. (Cmd+click on mac.)
• Shift+click on entities or labels (or click on the ‘pin’ icon in a label) to pin an entity. This will keep it selected while you select more.
• Use the visibility icon on an entities name to hide an item. Unlike Ctrl+clicking an entity the visibility tool will leave hide the items until ‘Unhide All’ is clicked on the upper right.
• Use the ‘Zoom to’ tool on the items name to center the view on the item.
• Use the down arrow on the items name to reveal information about the item.
• Use the ‘Pin’ tool on the items name to pin an item allowing you to select multiple items.

Models

• Use the model select icon above the anatomy slider on the left to load different models.

Premium Tools

• My Scenes allows you to load and save scenes you have created. All annotations, pins and visible items will be saved.
• Zygote Scenes is a collection of scenes created by Zygote Media Group with annotations identifying anatomical landmarks.
• Hierarchy is a list of all the entities you have in your current scene. You can turn parts on and off using the check marks by each object or group of objects.
• Annotations allows you to create your own notes and markers that will be saves when you save your scene.
• Tools:
• Pick returns you to the default mode of picking parts and rotating your camera.
• Slice allows you to slice the parts in your scene in either an X, Y or Z plane.
• Explode moves all the parts in your scene away form a central point that you can interactively position.
• Quiz when enabled when you pick a part rather than displaying the part’s name a multiple choice menu will appear allowing you to quiz yourself.

Professional Tools

• The snapshot icon at the top center will take a snapshot of your scene that can then be saved as a jpg or drawn on with the included pen tools.

The case for renaming women’s body parts

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The Health Gap | Comment & Analysis

(Image credit: Getty Images)

By Leah Kaminsky4th June 2018

From fallopian tubes to the Pouch of Douglas, women’s body parts have been named by – and after – men. But the masculine language of medicine doesn’t end there. Does it matter?

Take a tour of the female pelvis, and you’ll encounter a few incongruous people along the way. How did James Douglas end up tucked behind the uterus? What is Gabriel Fallopian doing hanging around the ovaries? Why is Caspar Bartholin the Younger attached to the labia? And can we trust Ernst Grafenberg’s claim that he actually found the G-spot? Whether you know it or not, each of these dudes have ended up immortalised in the female pelvis – as the Pouch of Douglas, Bartholin’s glands, fallopian tubes, and that elusive Grafenberg spot.

The truth is, men are all over women’s bodies – dead, white male anatomists, that is. Their names live on eponymously, immortalised like audacious explorers for conquering the geography of the female pelvis as if it were terra nullius.

The gods are engraved on women too. The masculine Greek god of marriage, Hymen, who died on his wedding night, has lent his name to a uniquely female anatomical structure. Hymen is derived from the Greek word ‘hyalos’, or membrane. But it was the father of modern anatomy, Vesalius, who in the 16th Century first used the term specifically for the covering of the vaginal orifice.

More in the Health Gap:
• ‘Everybody was telling me there was nothing wrong’
• Pain bias: The health inequality rarely discussed
• The health risks of maturing early

The Greek god Hymen lent his name to women’s bodies via the male anatomist Vesalius (Credit: Getty Images)

When it comes to science and medicine, men (and gods) have left their mark all over the place. They have stamped their names on thousands of creatures, from salmonella bacteria (after US veterinarian Daniel Elmer Salmon, though it was actually his assistant’s discovery) to the endangered grevy zebra (named after a former French president).

After all, until the last century, women were almost excluded from academic medicine. But the continued use of these mostly male eponyms not only reflects the gender bias in our medical knowledge base. It may continue to perpetuate it.

The controversial question of whether language shapes thought has long been debated. Still, plenty of examples exist where describing something in a certain way changes our perception of it. Ghil’ad Zuckermann, professor of linguistics and endangered languages at the University of Adelaide, points out that in languages where the word for ‘bridge’ has a feminine gender, people describe bridges as elegant. But in languages where the word for ‘bridge’ has a masculine gender, people refer to bridges as sturdy.

It raises the question of whether our perceptions of the body, and its conditions, are also skewed by gender biases without us realising.

Gendered jargon

We are all familiar with the term ‘hysteria’ – derived from the Greek word for uterus, ‘hysterika’, and coined by Hippocrates (another dude) to characterise illness caused by ‘movement of the uterus’. The first mental disorder attributed to women, the idea of hysteria dated all the way back to the ancient Egyptians, who first described it in 1900 BC. But it was the Greeks who argued that the uterus was particularly prone to ‘wandering’ (as well as producing ‘toxic fumes’) when it was unfruitful. Getting married, therefore, was the cure. The idea persisted through the centuries: in the 19th Century it became a go-to diagnosis amongst a male-driven medical profession. ‘Hysterical ladies’ began filling doctors’ waiting rooms, lining up for the ‘cure’ of physician-assisted genital massage to induce ‘paroxysms’ – a polite term for orgasms. The doctors began to suffer from chronic hand cramps and fatigue, making the mechanical vibrator, when it was invented, a welcome relief.

But hysteria – which was finally removed from the American Psychiatric Association’s list of modern diseases in 1952 – seems relatively archaic today.

Less discussed is how much of the rest of the language of medicine remains draped with patriarchal terms.

‘What is Gabriel Fallopian doing hanging around the ovaries?’ (Credit: BBC/Getty Images)

That stems from more than eponyms. Many terms draw from stereotypically masculine, militaristic metaphors (battling heart disease, the war against cancer, date of confinement) or from pejorative terms (incompetent cervix, blighted ovum). The language of medicine, the art and science of healing, has become surprisingly violent and critical.

We study the body to improve its fate. But when the body becomes a battlefield, it risks turning into a site where people vie for control. Oncologist Jerome Groopman, author of Your Medical Mind, says that militaristic overtones can work: they may help a patient who feels a war is going on inside their body. But others find this metaphor anathema to their wellbeing. It can imply that if they don’t get better they have somehow failed, leading to self-blame for not having ‘fought’ hard enough.

Even anatomical terms we think ‘sound’ feminine often have anachronistic and inherently sexist origins. The word ‘vagina’, for example, comes from the Latin for sheath – a close-fitting cover for the blade of a knife or sword. Similarly, the Late Greek word kleitorís, which referred to clitoris, can be traced back to kleíein: ‘to shut away’.

You don’t need to be Freud to see the outdated metaphors here.

The word ‘vagina’ originates from ‘sheath’, as in to sheathe a sword (Credit: Getty Images)

It isn’t just medical terminology that skews male. The study of female anatomy has been affected too.

Gender bias in the teaching of anatomy and physiology to medical students was examined in a 2013 study by Susan Morgan and her colleagues. In textbooks used to instruct students, they found that “male anatomy and physiology are often represented as the norm, with women being underrepresented in non‐reproductive anatomy. The impression is gained that the human body is male and that the female body is presented only to show how it differs.”

If many medical terms embody a patriarchal history, the question is how much it matters today. If most people don’t even realise that the names of female body parts have male origins – so don’t automatically connect them to men, rather than women – is it such a big deal? After all, for a word to bolster a sexist system, you’d think it would need to have some connection to male-oriented meaning in our minds.

The glands located just outside of the vaginal opening are named after Caspar Bartholin the Younger (Credit: BBC/Getty Images)

One problem, says Lera Boroditsky, associate professor of cognitive science at UCSD, is that eponyms perpetuate the notion that advances are made by one individual – rather than the long collaborative process central to the process of scientific discovery. She argues for a system “that is not centred around the historical victories of men ‘discovering’ body parts”. Instead, these terms should be replaced by descriptors that are useful and educational to the body’s owner.

In 2000, social worker Anna Kostztovics was concerned at the lack of fundamental gender equality embedded in her native Swedish language. She pointed out that boys had a non-sexualised word for their genitals – ‘snopp’, a widely-used term roughly equivalent to the English term ‘willy’ – while girls did not. She popularised the use of a new word, ‘snippa’, as the female equivalent.

The way women’s body parts are named may perpetuate the idea that they were ‘discovered’ by intrepid male ‘explorers’ (Credit: Getty Images)

Since then, Swedish activists have called for English speakers to replace the sexist terms in their own language – such as renaming the ‘hymen’ with the new term ‘vaginal corona’.

It remains to be seen whether these terms will catch on. But perhaps people should be encouraged to create the language they need. As for anatomical terminology that has patriarchal residue, Boroditsky says: “letting it fall away is the death it needs to have”.

Leah Kaminsky is a physician and award-winning novelist based in Australia.

This story is part of the Health Gap, a special series about how men and women experience the medical system – and their own health – in starkly different ways.

Do you have an experience to share? Or are you just interested in sharing information about women’s health and wellbeing? Join our Facebook group Future Woman and be a part of the conversation about the day-to-day issues that affect women’s lives.  

Join 800,000+ Future fans by liking us on Facebook, or follow us on Twitter.

If you liked this story, sign up for the weekly bbc.com features newsletter, called “If You Only Read 6 Things This Week”. A handpicked selection of stories from BBC Future, Culture, Capital, and Travel, delivered to your inbox every Friday.

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Where are your 90-60-90? – June 4, 2013

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The standard of female beauty, as many people know, is the notorious 90-60-90: the volume of the chest, waist and hips. It’s more difficult for men. It is impossible to find any single scheme for calculating the ideal male figure. Although there are plenty of formulas. Various experts explain why this happens, men try to correct flaws at their own discretion, and girls look for something in men that no plastic surgeon will change.

Trying to find a universal scheme for calculating the ideal figure for men by analogy with the female formula 90-60-90 is impossible, no matter how much anyone wants it. For example, take bodybuilding – a sport where participants work specifically for appearance. So there are a lot of schemes for calculating the ideal male figure, which may differ from each other. For example, a man with a height of 172 cm, according to the proportions of the Weider school, should have a weight of 83.5 kg, and the volume of the chest, waist and hips should be 118-80-59.5 cm respectively. And according to the calculations of another Western specialist – Marcel Rouet – the ideal parameters for the same height look a little different: 75.5 kg – weight, and volumes – 112-82-58.5 cm.

According to some athletes, one of the best formulas – John McCallum’s calculation, based on measuring the girth of the wrist. From McCallum’s formula: 6.5 wrist circumference gives chest circumference, 85% of chest circumference gives hip circumference and 70% of chest circumference is waist circumference.

The most recognized canon of beauty is Greek, which, in turn, came from ancient Egyptian. It can be understood by the statue of a young man with a spear of the ancient Greek master Polykleitos. The face of the statue is one tenth of the height of the body, the head is one eighth, and the length of the foot is one sixth. The head together with the neck is equal in length to the foot.

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“There are many formulas, since everyone creates it, rather, for himself. Yes, and time dictates some new standards … My benchmark is the growth of minus 100 and plus 10. That is, with a height of 170, the weight should be 80 kg. Moreover, subcutaneous fat should be no more than 20%. In general, there is such a saying that a man should be a little more beautiful than a monkey, ”smiled the president of the Novosibirsk Regional Federation of Bodybuilding and Fitness, three-time bodybuilding world champion, European and Russian champion Sergey Dmitriev.

“Men have no concept of male beauty at all. A man with an inexpressive appearance can realize himself in life . .. But sometimes it is unrealistic to change your figure if genetics have laid some special proportions in you, ”added Andrey Lazarevsky, personal trainer of the Europe fitness club.

The patriarchal world is built in such a way that a man without conditional own 90-60-90 can achieve good results in his life – if there is a desire. Do you think that there are deviations in the figure? Fixing it isn’t hard.

The first thing that can improve appearance is a gym. The trainer will select an individual program for you – you will increase what you want. It is worth thinking about proper nutrition: according to some reports, most dissatisfied men want to get rid of the “beer” belly.

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“You have to watch your diet. Especially up to 25 years – this is the most responsible age. Nutrition should not be scarce and poor in vitamins, trace elements and fiber, which is very important. Fiber is a whole grain: cereals, bread with bran… It is necessary for the normal development of microflora, which plays an important role in protein synthesis,” said nutritionist, therapist Elena Garagulya.

As a last resort, there is also plastic surgery. Increasingly, men are also turning to such a service for correcting their appearance, although it is still somehow not customary for us to admit this. Everything is corrected – up to the buttocks, where the implants are sewn.

Vitaly Igumnov, a plastic surgeon at the Sharm clinic, said that modern men most often correct their noses. Usually broken. But there are those who demand a pronounced chin, which is considered a sign of masculinity.

“A man’s main goal is to produce offspring and provide for them. No matter how it sounds, but a woman chooses not so much an outwardly sexual object as the father of her children, who can provide for her and her offspring. Therefore, there is much less competition among men precisely in terms of beauty, ”plastic surgeon Igumnov voiced his assumption about the absence of a single standard for male beauty.

“The beauty standard for women has been shaped in large part by the fashion industry. Men’s fashion has always remained in a difficult state. And the leading men were very different from each other. Napoleon, for example, was very different from King Edward, Edward from King George … Therefore, male standardization, due to the patriarchal nature of the European community, was not formed, ”said Igor Lyakh, a psychotherapist at the Insight clinic.

Besides, according to the psychotherapist’s clarification, there may also be such a moment here: in the female psyche and physiology, variability is inherent in nature, i.e. a woman chooses a man for herself – what are the uniform standards here? And it’s easier for men.

“Men have one fairly rigid area of ​​standardization – they want their penis not to differ much from the size of their surrounding rivals,” summed up Dr. Lyakh.

Ilya Kalinin

Photo thinkstockphotos.com

Body parts in English with translation into Russian and transcription

When going to the doctor and not only, you can’t do without knowing the names of body parts . We promise that this article about parts of the human body in English will definitely not be boring for you. There will be many pictures and interesting phrases. Go!

Basic parts of the body in English

Our topic of body parts starts with the most important thing: the head. We will start studying those body parts (“parts of the body”), which, so to speak, are visible to the “naked eye” ( visible to the naked eye) .

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Head and Face – Head and Face

Whether you have an appointment with a beautician or you have to explain to a new hairdresser how best to cut your hair – before you leave the house you should definitely study some parts of the face in English. Here they are:

Any child will correctly notice that a person has not one, but two eyes and not one, but two ears. Therefore, when speaking of eyes and ears in the plural, as well as many other parts of the body, the ending -s should be added.

• Eye-eyes
• Eyelash – eyelashes

An exception to this rule are the words

• Tooth – teeth

Torso: external structure of the human body

When describing the torso, we need the word limbs – limbs. Move your arms and legs, do a little exercise so that the blood ( blood ) rushes to the brain ( brain ) – and let’s find out the names of the body parts in the torso area.

Arms extend from the body – arms and legs – legs . You, of course, know that these limbs are divided into separate components:

• Arm – the whole arm
• Forearm
• Hand
• Finger – finger

• Leg
• Thigh
• Knee
• Shin – drumstick
• Ankle
• Feet – foot
• Toes

Strange as it may sound to us Russian speakers, English uses two different words for fingers and toes. Why don’t English speakers use the same name for both limbs? This is a question for which there is no answer. Just remember.

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Internal Organs in English – Internal Organs

Imagine that you are having a biology class. Now we will share with you a couple of fascinating facts about the internal organs in English, and you promise to tell your English-speaking friends in turn. Just mind, use new words!

An interesting time. Approximately 8% of your total weight ( weight ) is blood ( blood ). – Blood makes up about 8 percent of your total body weight.

Two : in our navels ( belly buttons ) special hairs grow that catch the fibers of the fabric. – Belly buttons grow special hairs to catch lint.

Body parts in English with Russian translation

Human Anatomy in English and tissues – Anatomy and tissues in English

If you suddenly pulled a tendon during a morning run, feel free to tell the doctor that you sprained a tendon . If something has been wrong with your nerves lately, tell him: there’s something wrong with my nerves .

In case of other unforeseen breakdowns in the body, we suggest that you familiarize yourself with another list of important words.

Parts of the body in English with transcription in Russian

Let’s practice pronunciation – read the English words below using the transcription.

• body [‘bɔdɪ] – body
• bone [bəun] – bone
• cartilage [‘kɑ:tɪlɪdʒ] – cartilage
• muscle [‘mʌsl] – muscle
• artery [‘ɑ:tərɪ] – artery
• blood [blʌd] – blood
• ligament [‘lɪgəmənt] – ligament
• tendon [‘tendən] – tendon
• nerve [nɜ:v] – nerve
• skin [skɪn] – skin (human)
• vein [veɪn] – vein
• rib [rɪb] – rib
• pelvis [‘pelvɪs] – pelvis
• tailbone [‘teɪlbəun] – coccyx
• spine [spaɪn] – spine
• rib cage [rɪb keɪdʒ] – chest
• shoulder blade [‘ʃəʊldə bleɪd]
• collar bone [‘kɒlə bəʊn] – clavicle
• biceps [‘baɪseps] – biceps, biceps
• quadriceps [‘kwɔdrɪseps] – quadriceps
• triceps [‘traɪseps] – triceps
• Achilles tendon [ə’kɪli:z ‘tendən] – Achilles tendon

There are four types of tissue in the human body:

• Epithelial tissue (epithelial tissue) forms the integument of the body ( skin surface ), glands and lines the cavities of internal organs ( lining of organs ).
• Connecting tissue (connective tissue): bone ( bone ), cartilage ( tendon ), blood, lymph ( lymph/fat ).
• Muscle tissue (muscle tissue) makes up the bulk of skeletal muscles ( skeletal muscles ) and many internal organs ( inner organs ).
• Nerve tissue (nerve tissue) forms the bulk of the brain ( brain ) and spinal cord ( spinal cord ).

Description of a person’s appearance in English

Imagine that you need to verbally draw a portrait of your loved one using only English words. This is where knowing a few more new English expressions comes in handy.

• I have dark brown eyes. – I have dark brown eyes.
• My teeth are snow white. – I have white teeth.
• My beard is long and bushy. — My beard is long and thick.
• My forehead is wide. – I have a high forehead.
• I am a curvy woman. “I am a curvaceous woman.
• I have high cheekbones. – I have high cheekbones.
• My arms are lanky. – I have long arms.

An example of the use of words in speech: the human body in English

Well, now it’s time to move from theory to practice. Today we have learned a sea of ​​​​words, so let’s make sentences with them.

• He has a very strong chin. He should become an actor. – He has a prominent chin. He should become an actor.
• He flares his nostrils when he is angry. – His nostrils flare when he’s angry.
• The beer flowed down my throat easily on the hot day. The beer flowed easily down his throat on a hot day.
• Her calf muscles are very strong from all the running. Her calf muscles are very strong from running.
• She has a slim waist and will fit into anything! – She has a thin waist and almost everything suits her!

Body part idioms

Cost me an arm and a leg
This lawyer cost me an arm and a leg! – This lawyer cost me a fortune!

Play it by ear
Let’s catch up tomorrow and we will just play it by ear. – Let’s meet tomorrow and see how it goes.

Give a cold shoulder
I thought she really liked me, but the next day she gave me the cold shoulder. I thought she liked me, but the next day she was surly.

A sight for sore eyes
You’re a sight for sore eyes, Maria! Mary, you are a joy to my eyes!

Off the top of my head
I can’t tell you off the top of my head. “I can’t tell you offhand.

My lips are sealed
I won’t tell your secrets to anyone, my lips are sealed! “I won’t tell your secrets to anyone, my mouth is shut.”

Cry your heart out
I cried my heart out when he left me. I sobbed inconsolably when he left me.

Sweet tooth
There are many tasty recipes to satisfy your sweet tooth. There are many delicious recipes that will satisfy such a sweet tooth.

Bite your tongue
Bite your tongue! He doesn’t want to hear your opinion about everything. – Bite your tongue! He doesn’t want to hear your opinion about everything.

Cross your fingers
Good luck with your test tomorrow, I’ll have my fingers crossed. Good luck with tomorrow’s test, I’m keeping my fingers crossed for you.

Keep your chin up
Hey, Bob keep your chin up, we’re not lost yet. “Hey, Bob, keep your head up, we’re not all lost yet.

Pat on the back
He received a pat on the back from his boss from the new project that he landed. He got praise from his boss from a new project he got.

To learn even more interesting idioms, sign up for English courses with a native speaker at Skysmart Online School.