What are the common causes of diarrhea, vomiting, and body aches without fever. How can these symptoms be treated effectively. What are the risks associated with these symptoms and when should medical attention be sought.

Understanding the Symptoms: Diarrhea, Vomiting, and Body Aches

When experiencing diarrhea, vomiting, and body aches without fever, it’s crucial to understand these symptoms and their potential causes. These symptoms often occur together and can be quite disruptive to daily life. While the absence of fever might seem reassuring, it’s important to note that many conditions can manifest without an elevated body temperature.

Diarrhea: More Than Just Loose Stools

Diarrhea is characterized by loose, watery stools occurring more frequently than usual. It can be acute (short-term) or chronic (long-term), and its causes vary widely. In the context of our symptom cluster, diarrhea is often a sign that the digestive system is trying to expel harmful substances or pathogens.

Vomiting: The Body’s Defensive Mechanism

Vomiting is the forceful expulsion of stomach contents through the mouth. It’s a protective reflex that helps rid the body of potentially harmful substances. When occurring alongside diarrhea and body aches, vomiting can be particularly debilitating and may lead to dehydration if not managed properly.

Body Aches: A Sign of Systemic Distress

Body aches, or myalgia, refer to generalized pain in muscles and joints. In the context of gastrointestinal symptoms, body aches can indicate that the body is fighting off an infection or responding to systemic stress. The absence of fever doesn’t negate the significance of this symptom.

Common Causes of Diarrhea, Vomiting, and Body Aches Without Fever

Several conditions can cause this combination of symptoms without necessarily producing a fever. Understanding these potential causes is crucial for proper management and treatment.

Viral Gastroenteritis: The Stomach Flu

Viral gastroenteritis, commonly known as the stomach flu, is a frequent culprit. Caused by viruses such as norovirus, rotavirus, or adenovirus, this condition can lead to acute onset of diarrhea and vomiting. Body aches often accompany these symptoms as the immune system fights the infection.

• Norovirus: Highly contagious and often responsible for outbreaks in closed communities
• Rotavirus: More common in children but can affect adults
• Adenovirus: Can cause both respiratory and gastrointestinal symptoms

Food Poisoning: A Common Culprit

Food poisoning occurs when consuming contaminated food or beverages. Bacteria like E. coli, Salmonella, or Campylobacter are often responsible. Symptoms typically begin within hours of ingestion and can last for several days.

Traveler’s Diarrhea: When Exploring New Cuisines Backfires

Those who have recently traveled to areas with different sanitation standards may experience traveler’s diarrhea. This condition is usually caused by consuming contaminated food or water and can result in the symptomatic triad we’re discussing.

The Role of Stress and Anxiety in Gastrointestinal Distress

It’s important to recognize that psychological factors can significantly impact our digestive system. Stress and anxiety have been linked to various gastrointestinal symptoms, including diarrhea and nausea, which can lead to vomiting in severe cases.

The Gut-Brain Connection

The gut-brain axis is a bidirectional communication system between the central nervous system and the enteric nervous system. This connection explains why emotional stress can manifest as physical symptoms in the digestive tract.

Stress-Induced Gastrointestinal Changes

During periods of stress, the body releases hormones that can alter gut motility and secretion. This can lead to changes in bowel habits, including diarrhea or constipation. Stress can also exacerbate existing gastrointestinal conditions, such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).

Pregnancy-Related Gastrointestinal Symptoms

For women of childbearing age, pregnancy is a potential cause of these symptoms, particularly in the early stages. Morning sickness, despite its name, can occur at any time of day and may include both nausea and vomiting.

Hormonal Changes and Their Effects

The hormonal fluctuations during pregnancy, particularly the increase in human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), can lead to nausea and vomiting. While diarrhea is less common, some women may experience changes in bowel habits due to hormonal shifts and physical changes in the body.

When to Seek Medical Attention During Pregnancy

Pregnant women experiencing severe or persistent symptoms should consult their healthcare provider, as dehydration can be particularly dangerous during pregnancy.

Diagnosing the Cause of Diarrhea, Vomiting, and Body Aches

Determining the underlying cause of these symptoms is crucial for proper treatment. Healthcare providers may use various diagnostic tools and techniques to identify the root cause.

Medical History and Physical Examination

A thorough medical history, including recent travel, dietary changes, and potential exposure to ill individuals, can provide valuable clues. A physical examination may reveal signs of dehydration or other complications.

Laboratory Tests

Stool samples can be analyzed for the presence of bacteria, viruses, or parasites. Blood tests may be ordered to check for signs of infection or inflammation.

Imaging Studies

In some cases, imaging studies such as ultrasound or CT scans may be necessary to rule out other conditions that could be causing the symptoms.

Treatment Approaches for Diarrhea, Vomiting, and Body Aches

The treatment for these symptoms often focuses on managing discomfort and preventing complications, particularly dehydration. The specific approach may vary depending on the underlying cause.

Hydration: The Cornerstone of Treatment

Replacing lost fluids and electrolytes is crucial. Oral rehydration solutions can be particularly effective. In severe cases, intravenous fluids may be necessary.

Dietary Modifications

Following the BRAT diet (Bananas, Rice, Applesauce, Toast) can help ease digestive discomfort. Gradually reintroducing other foods as symptoms improve is recommended.

Medications

Over-the-counter medications like loperamide for diarrhea or antiemetics for nausea and vomiting may be appropriate in some cases. However, it’s important to consult a healthcare provider before using these, especially if the cause is suspected to be infectious.

Rest and Symptom Management

Adequate rest allows the body to focus on recovery. Using heat packs or taking warm baths can help alleviate body aches.

Prevention Strategies for Diarrhea, Vomiting, and Body Aches

While not all cases of these symptoms can be prevented, certain measures can reduce the risk of developing them.

Proper Hygiene Practices

Regular handwashing, especially before eating and after using the bathroom, can significantly reduce the risk of viral and bacterial infections.

Food Safety

Proper food handling, storage, and preparation can prevent many cases of food poisoning. When traveling, being cautious about food and water sources can help avoid traveler’s diarrhea.

Stress Management

Incorporating stress-reduction techniques such as meditation, regular exercise, and adequate sleep can help maintain a healthy gut-brain connection and potentially reduce stress-related gastrointestinal symptoms.

When to Seek Medical Attention

While many cases of diarrhea, vomiting, and body aches resolve on their own, certain situations warrant immediate medical attention.

Signs of Severe Dehydration

Symptoms such as extreme thirst, dark urine, dizziness, or fainting can indicate severe dehydration and require prompt medical intervention.

Persistent or Worsening Symptoms

If symptoms persist for more than a few days or worsen despite home care measures, it’s important to consult a healthcare provider.

Additional Concerning Symptoms

The presence of blood in stool or vomit, severe abdominal pain, or high fever alongside the other symptoms should prompt immediate medical evaluation.

Understanding the causes, treatment options, and prevention strategies for diarrhea, vomiting, and body aches without fever can help individuals manage these symptoms effectively and know when to seek professional medical help. By staying informed and taking appropriate action, one can minimize the impact of these disruptive symptoms on daily life and overall health.

Causes, No Fever, Risks, and Treatment

Having vomiting and diarrhea at the same time typically happens with a viral illness or bacterial infection that affects your digestive system. But these symptoms can occur with other health conditions as well.

Vomiting and diarrhea are common symptoms that affect people of all ages, from babies and toddlers to adults.

Most of the time, these two symptoms are the result of a stomach bug or food poisoning, and they resolve within a few days. Getting some rest and drinking plenty of fluids to avoid dehydration is usually the only treatment needed.

Though a virus is usually the culprit, there are other possible causes of vomiting and diarrhea at the same time, such as certain medical conditions and medications.

Vomiting and diarrhea can happen at the same time for a number of reasons.

A stomach virus or bacterial gastrointestinal (GI) infection is the most likely cause in children.

These infections can affect adults as well. But there are a number of other reasons why an adult may experience these symptoms simultaneously, such as drinking too much alcohol or being pregnant.

1. Viral gastroenteritis

Viral gastroenteritis is an intestinal infection. Viral gastroenteritis is often referred to as the stomach flu, but it’s unrelated to influenza (the flu) and is caused by different viruses.

The viruses that most commonly cause gastroenteritis include:

• norovirus
• rotavirus
• adenovirus
• astrovirus

While all of these viruses can affect people of any age, the latter three are most common in infants and toddlers, according to the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.

These viruses are transmitted from person to person by contact with infected stool and vomit. This can happen when a person with the infection doesn’t wash their hands thoroughly after using the restroom and then touches surfaces used by other people or prepares food for others.

In addition to vomiting and watery diarrhea, symptoms of viral gastroenteritis include:

• abdominal pain and cramping
• nausea
• fever, on occasion

Did you know?

There are several types of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).

One type is known as post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome (PI-IBS). PI-IBS is caused by an infection (usually gastroenteritis).

One large survey, published in 2018, asked thousands of people with IBS about their experiences. Data was collected between 2008 and 2015. Respondents came from countries around the world, with almost half of them being Italian.

The researchers found that infection may have caused IBS in 13.3 percent of respondents. According to the researchers, this statistic was in line with previous surveys, where PI-IBS was reported to comprise 6 to 17 percent of IBS cases.

2. Food poisoning

Food poisoning is an infection of the GI tract. It’s most often caused by bacteria but can also be caused by parasites or viruses.

You can get food poisoning by eating contaminated food. This can happen at home or in restaurants when food is handled incorrectly or not cooked properly.

Several bacteria can cause food poisoning, including:

• E. coli
• Campylobacter
• Listeria monocytogenes
• Salmonella
• Shigella
• Staphylococcus aureus

Symptoms of food poisoning can start within hours of eating contaminated food and often resolve within a few hours to a few days. This usually happens without special treatment.

Vomiting and watery diarrhea are the most common symptoms. Other symptoms include:

• abdominal pain and cramping
• nausea
• fever
• bloody diarrhea

3. Traveler’s diarrhea

Traveler’s diarrhea is a digestive tract disorder that’s most often caused by viruses, parasites, or bacteria consumed in water or food. It’s most likely to occur when you’re visiting an area with a different climate or sanitation practices than what you’re accustomed to at home.

To see if there’s a health notice for the regions to which you’ve recently traveled, check the website of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).

Traveler’s diarrhea generally clears up within 1 week. Watery diarrhea and cramps are the most common symptoms, but traveler’s diarrhea can also cause:

• nausea
• fever
• flatulence (gas)
• bloating
• tenesmus, or the urgent need to have a bowel movement

4. Stress or anxiety

Research shows that gastrointestinal function is influenced by stress, and that stress and anxiety commonly cause a number of gastrointestinal symptoms, including:

• nausea
• constipation
• indigestion
• heartburn

The stress hormones released by your body slow motility, or movement, in your stomach and small intestine. They also trigger an increase in motility in your large intestine.

Stress and anxiety have also been linked to the development and worsening of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) as well as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

5. Pregnancy

The body goes through numerous changes during pregnancy.

Morning sickness is the most common cause of vomiting in pregnancy. Despite its name, morning sickness can occur at any time of the day. It affects almost 75 percent of pregnant women, usually during the first 14 weeks of pregnancy.

Some people develop hyperemesis gravidarum, a condition that causes severe nausea and vomiting.

Vomiting and diarrhea in pregnancy can be caused by hormonal changes, new food sensitivities, and dietary changes. Prenatal vitamins also cause diarrhea in some people.

These symptoms can also be caused by gastroenteritis, which is common during pregnancy.

6. Overeating or overdrinking

Overindulging in food or drink can cause vomiting and diarrhea along with:

• indigestion
• heartburn
• belching
• a feeling of uncomfortable fullness

The type of food you eat also matters. Eating large amounts of greasy or sugary foods can irritate your stomach and cause vomiting and diarrhea.

Overeating is even more likely to cause these symptoms if you already have a gastrointestinal condition, such as IBS, stomach ulcers, acid reflux, or gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).

The relationship between alcohol and the gut is complex. Some types of alcohol, including sugary drinks, can cause diarrhea by inducing a quicker gut transit time. This decreases digestion, as the gut doesn’t have time to absorb the nutrients or other substances that are rapidly passing through it.

Excessive alcohol use can cause a condition known as alcoholic gastritis, which is an irritation of the stomach lining. Acute gastritis can occur after binge drinking, or gastritis can become chronic in people who drink alcohol regularly.

Gastritis can cause:

• upper abdominal pain or burning
• nausea
• bloating
• regurgitation
• symptoms that improve or worsen after eating, depending on the food

7. Medications

Vomiting and diarrhea are side effects of many medications. Some are more likely to cause these symptoms than others. This can be because of the way the medication works or because they contain additives that irritate the stomach.

Your age, overall health, and other medications can also increase the risk of side effects.

Medications that commonly cause vomiting and diarrhea include:

• certain antibiotics
• nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS), such as ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) and aspirin
• chemotherapy drugs
• metformin (Fortamet, Glumetza)

One way antibiotics can cause vomiting and diarrhea is by killing the “good” bacteria that normally lives in your GI tract. This allows bacteria called Clostridioides difficile to become overgrown, which can result in symptoms similar to severe food poisoning.

Taking medication with food can sometimes relieve symptoms. Speak with a doctor about the best way to take your medication.

Vomiting and diarrhea that occur without a fever can be caused by:

• stress and anxiety
• pregnancy
• medications
• consuming too much food or alcohol

Mild cases of viral gastroenteritis can also cause vomiting and diarrhea without fever.

Dehydration is a complication of vomiting and diarrhea, and it occurs when the body loses too much fluid. Dehydration can prevent your cells, tissues, and organs from functioning properly, leading to serious complications, including shock and even death.

Mild dehydration can be treated at home, but severe dehydration requires emergency care in a hospital.

Symptoms of dehydration in babies, toddlers, and children include:

• thirst
• urinating less than usual, or going 3 or more hours without a wet diaper
• dry mouth
• sunken eyes or cheeks
• decreased skin turgor, or elasticity
• lack of energy
• no tears when crying

Symptoms in adults include:

• extreme thirst
• urinating less than usual
• dry mouth
• sunken eyes or cheeks
• decreased skin turgor
• fatigue
• lightheadedness
• dark-colored urine

Most of the time, vomiting and diarrhea will resolve within a few days without treatment. Home remedies and medications can help you manage your symptoms and avoid dehydration.

Home remedies

Here are some ways you can treat vomiting and diarrhea at home to avoid dehydration:

• Get plenty of rest.
• Avoid stress.
• Wash your hands with soap and water frequently.
• Drink lots of clear fluids like water, broth, clear sodas, and sports drinks.
• Eat saltine crackers.
• Follow the BRAT diet, which consists of bland foods. BRAT stands for bananas, rice, applesauce, and toast.
• Avoid foods that are greasy, spicy, or high in fat and sugar.
• Avoid dairy.
• Avoid caffeine.

Follow this advice if you have babies or toddlers:

• Give your baby smaller feedings more often if needed.
• Give sips of water between formula or solid food.
• Give them an oral rehydration solution, such as Pedialyte.

Medications

There are over-the-counter (OTC) and prescription medications available for vomiting and diarrhea. While generally safe for adults, OTC medications should not be taken without first consulting a doctor.

OTC medications include:

• bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol, Kaopectate)
• loperamide (Imodium)
• antiemetic drugs, such as Dramamine and Gravol, which often contain the ingredient dimenhydrinate

A doctor may recommend antibiotics to treat vomiting and diarrhea caused by bacterial infections, such as food poisoning.

When you’re experiencing vomiting and diarrhea, your aim should be to get some sustenance and avoid dehydration.

If an infection like gastroenteritis is causing your symptoms, start by trying home remedies. In other cases, professional medical care may be required.

For children

Take a child to the doctor if they:

• are vomiting for more than 2 days or have diarrhea for more than 7 days
• are unable to keep fluid down
• are under 3 months old with a rectal temperature of 100.4°F (38°C)
• are 3 months to 3 years old with a temperature of 102. 2°F (39°C)
• are under 5 years old and appear to have symptoms of dehydration, such as:
  • dry mucous membranes
  • drowsiness
  • irritability that doesn’t go away when they’re consoled

It’s especially important to contact a doctor about possible dehydration if the child is too young to describe their own symptoms.

When to go to the emergency room

Take a child to the emergency room if they:

• have symptoms of dehydration after using an oral rehydration solution
• have green or yellow vomit, which can be a symptom of small bowel obstruction
• are vomiting blood or what looks like coffee grounds
• have blood in their urine or stool
• are too weak to stand

Was this helpful?

For adults

See a doctor if:

• you’re still dehydrated after rehydrating with fluids and an oral hydration solution
• you are vomiting for more than 2 days or have diarrhea for more than 7 days
• your vomit is green or yellow, which can be a symptom of small bowel obstruction
• you’re vomiting blood or what looks like coffee grounds
• you have bloody diarrhea or rectal bleeding
• you’re unable to keep fluid down

Most of the time, vomiting and diarrhea are due to a stomach bug or food poisoning and clear up on their own within a few days. Getting plenty of fluids and eating a bland diet can help.

Keep an eye out for signs of dehydration, especially in infants and toddlers who are not able to communicate what they’re feeling. Talk with a doctor if you have, or your child has, severe symptoms or symptoms that last more than a few days.

Causes, No Fever, Risks, and Treatment

Having vomiting and diarrhea at the same time typically happens with a viral illness or bacterial infection that affects your digestive system. But these symptoms can occur with other health conditions as well.

Vomiting and diarrhea are common symptoms that affect people of all ages, from babies and toddlers to adults.

Most of the time, these two symptoms are the result of a stomach bug or food poisoning, and they resolve within a few days. Getting some rest and drinking plenty of fluids to avoid dehydration is usually the only treatment needed.

Though a virus is usually the culprit, there are other possible causes of vomiting and diarrhea at the same time, such as certain medical conditions and medications.

Vomiting and diarrhea can happen at the same time for a number of reasons.

A stomach virus or bacterial gastrointestinal (GI) infection is the most likely cause in children.

These infections can affect adults as well. But there are a number of other reasons why an adult may experience these symptoms simultaneously, such as drinking too much alcohol or being pregnant.

1. Viral gastroenteritis

Viral gastroenteritis is an intestinal infection. Viral gastroenteritis is often referred to as the stomach flu, but it’s unrelated to influenza (the flu) and is caused by different viruses.

The viruses that most commonly cause gastroenteritis include:

• norovirus
• rotavirus
• adenovirus
• astrovirus

While all of these viruses can affect people of any age, the latter three are most common in infants and toddlers, according to the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.

These viruses are transmitted from person to person by contact with infected stool and vomit. This can happen when a person with the infection doesn’t wash their hands thoroughly after using the restroom and then touches surfaces used by other people or prepares food for others.

In addition to vomiting and watery diarrhea, symptoms of viral gastroenteritis include:

• abdominal pain and cramping
• nausea
• fever, on occasion

Did you know?

There are several types of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).

One type is known as post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome (PI-IBS). PI-IBS is caused by an infection (usually gastroenteritis).

One large survey, published in 2018, asked thousands of people with IBS about their experiences. Data was collected between 2008 and 2015. Respondents came from countries around the world, with almost half of them being Italian.

The researchers found that infection may have caused IBS in 13.3 percent of respondents. According to the researchers, this statistic was in line with previous surveys, where PI-IBS was reported to comprise 6 to 17 percent of IBS cases.

2. Food poisoning

Food poisoning is an infection of the GI tract. It’s most often caused by bacteria but can also be caused by parasites or viruses.

You can get food poisoning by eating contaminated food. This can happen at home or in restaurants when food is handled incorrectly or not cooked properly.

Several bacteria can cause food poisoning, including:

• E. coli
• Campylobacter
• Listeria monocytogenes
• Salmonella
• Shigella
• Staphylococcus aureus

Symptoms of food poisoning can start within hours of eating contaminated food and often resolve within a few hours to a few days. This usually happens without special treatment.

Vomiting and watery diarrhea are the most common symptoms. Other symptoms include:

• abdominal pain and cramping
• nausea
• fever
• bloody diarrhea

3. Traveler’s diarrhea

Traveler’s diarrhea is a digestive tract disorder that’s most often caused by viruses, parasites, or bacteria consumed in water or food. It’s most likely to occur when you’re visiting an area with a different climate or sanitation practices than what you’re accustomed to at home.

To see if there’s a health notice for the regions to which you’ve recently traveled, check the website of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).

Traveler’s diarrhea generally clears up within 1 week. Watery diarrhea and cramps are the most common symptoms, but traveler’s diarrhea can also cause:

• nausea
• fever
• flatulence (gas)
• bloating
• tenesmus, or the urgent need to have a bowel movement

4. Stress or anxiety

Research shows that gastrointestinal function is influenced by stress, and that stress and anxiety commonly cause a number of gastrointestinal symptoms, including:

• nausea
• constipation
• indigestion
• heartburn

The stress hormones released by your body slow motility, or movement, in your stomach and small intestine. They also trigger an increase in motility in your large intestine.

Stress and anxiety have also been linked to the development and worsening of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) as well as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

5. Pregnancy

The body goes through numerous changes during pregnancy.

Morning sickness is the most common cause of vomiting in pregnancy. Despite its name, morning sickness can occur at any time of the day. It affects almost 75 percent of pregnant women, usually during the first 14 weeks of pregnancy.

Some people develop hyperemesis gravidarum, a condition that causes severe nausea and vomiting.

Vomiting and diarrhea in pregnancy can be caused by hormonal changes, new food sensitivities, and dietary changes. Prenatal vitamins also cause diarrhea in some people.

These symptoms can also be caused by gastroenteritis, which is common during pregnancy.

6. Overeating or overdrinking

Overindulging in food or drink can cause vomiting and diarrhea along with:

• indigestion
• heartburn
• belching
• a feeling of uncomfortable fullness

The type of food you eat also matters. Eating large amounts of greasy or sugary foods can irritate your stomach and cause vomiting and diarrhea.

Overeating is even more likely to cause these symptoms if you already have a gastrointestinal condition, such as IBS, stomach ulcers, acid reflux, or gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).

The relationship between alcohol and the gut is complex. Some types of alcohol, including sugary drinks, can cause diarrhea by inducing a quicker gut transit time. This decreases digestion, as the gut doesn’t have time to absorb the nutrients or other substances that are rapidly passing through it.

Excessive alcohol use can cause a condition known as alcoholic gastritis, which is an irritation of the stomach lining. Acute gastritis can occur after binge drinking, or gastritis can become chronic in people who drink alcohol regularly.

Gastritis can cause:

• upper abdominal pain or burning
• nausea
• bloating
• regurgitation
• symptoms that improve or worsen after eating, depending on the food

7.

Medications

Vomiting and diarrhea are side effects of many medications. Some are more likely to cause these symptoms than others. This can be because of the way the medication works or because they contain additives that irritate the stomach.

Your age, overall health, and other medications can also increase the risk of side effects.

Medications that commonly cause vomiting and diarrhea include:

• certain antibiotics
• nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS), such as ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) and aspirin
• chemotherapy drugs
• metformin (Fortamet, Glumetza)

One way antibiotics can cause vomiting and diarrhea is by killing the “good” bacteria that normally lives in your GI tract. This allows bacteria called Clostridioides difficile to become overgrown, which can result in symptoms similar to severe food poisoning.

Taking medication with food can sometimes relieve symptoms. Speak with a doctor about the best way to take your medication.

Vomiting and diarrhea that occur without a fever can be caused by:

• stress and anxiety
• pregnancy
• medications
• consuming too much food or alcohol

Mild cases of viral gastroenteritis can also cause vomiting and diarrhea without fever.

Dehydration is a complication of vomiting and diarrhea, and it occurs when the body loses too much fluid. Dehydration can prevent your cells, tissues, and organs from functioning properly, leading to serious complications, including shock and even death.

Mild dehydration can be treated at home, but severe dehydration requires emergency care in a hospital.

Symptoms of dehydration in babies, toddlers, and children include:

• thirst
• urinating less than usual, or going 3 or more hours without a wet diaper
• dry mouth
• sunken eyes or cheeks
• decreased skin turgor, or elasticity
• lack of energy
• no tears when crying

Symptoms in adults include:

• extreme thirst
• urinating less than usual
• dry mouth
• sunken eyes or cheeks
• decreased skin turgor
• fatigue
• lightheadedness
• dark-colored urine

Most of the time, vomiting and diarrhea will resolve within a few days without treatment. Home remedies and medications can help you manage your symptoms and avoid dehydration.

Home remedies

Here are some ways you can treat vomiting and diarrhea at home to avoid dehydration:

• Get plenty of rest.
• Avoid stress.
• Wash your hands with soap and water frequently.
• Drink lots of clear fluids like water, broth, clear sodas, and sports drinks.
• Eat saltine crackers.
• Follow the BRAT diet, which consists of bland foods. BRAT stands for bananas, rice, applesauce, and toast.
• Avoid foods that are greasy, spicy, or high in fat and sugar.
• Avoid dairy.
• Avoid caffeine.

Follow this advice if you have babies or toddlers:

• Give your baby smaller feedings more often if needed.
• Give sips of water between formula or solid food.
• Give them an oral rehydration solution, such as Pedialyte.

Medications

There are over-the-counter (OTC) and prescription medications available for vomiting and diarrhea. While generally safe for adults, OTC medications should not be taken without first consulting a doctor.

OTC medications include:

• bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol, Kaopectate)
• loperamide (Imodium)
• antiemetic drugs, such as Dramamine and Gravol, which often contain the ingredient dimenhydrinate

A doctor may recommend antibiotics to treat vomiting and diarrhea caused by bacterial infections, such as food poisoning.

When you’re experiencing vomiting and diarrhea, your aim should be to get some sustenance and avoid dehydration.

If an infection like gastroenteritis is causing your symptoms, start by trying home remedies. In other cases, professional medical care may be required.

For children

Take a child to the doctor if they:

• are vomiting for more than 2 days or have diarrhea for more than 7 days
• are unable to keep fluid down
• are under 3 months old with a rectal temperature of 100.4°F (38°C)
• are 3 months to 3 years old with a temperature of 102. 2°F (39°C)
• are under 5 years old and appear to have symptoms of dehydration, such as:
  • dry mucous membranes
  • drowsiness
  • irritability that doesn’t go away when they’re consoled

It’s especially important to contact a doctor about possible dehydration if the child is too young to describe their own symptoms.

When to go to the emergency room

Take a child to the emergency room if they:

• have symptoms of dehydration after using an oral rehydration solution
• have green or yellow vomit, which can be a symptom of small bowel obstruction
• are vomiting blood or what looks like coffee grounds
• have blood in their urine or stool
• are too weak to stand

Was this helpful?

For adults

See a doctor if:

• you’re still dehydrated after rehydrating with fluids and an oral hydration solution
• you are vomiting for more than 2 days or have diarrhea for more than 7 days
• your vomit is green or yellow, which can be a symptom of small bowel obstruction
• you’re vomiting blood or what looks like coffee grounds
• you have bloody diarrhea or rectal bleeding
• you’re unable to keep fluid down

Most of the time, vomiting and diarrhea are due to a stomach bug or food poisoning and clear up on their own within a few days. Getting plenty of fluids and eating a bland diet can help.

Keep an eye out for signs of dehydration, especially in infants and toddlers who are not able to communicate what they’re feeling. Talk with a doctor if you have, or your child has, severe symptoms or symptoms that last more than a few days.

Intestinal infections. – Ulyanovsk Regional Center for Occupational Pathology. Maksimchuk V.M.

Intestinal infections are acute infectious diseases of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) with manifestations of general intoxication and the enteral mechanism of infection (through the entry of the infectious agent into the GIT).

The disease is extremely common in both adults and children. Intestinal infections pose a significant threat to the health of children, especially young children. Features of their physiology, biochemical reactions, immaturity of the immune system cause a rapid and sometimes lightning-fast course of the disease, leading to significant complications and consequences. There is no seasonality in intestinal infections. They are observed throughout the year, with a predominance of bacterial pathogens in the spring-summer period, and viral etiology – in the autumn-winter period.

Infections that affect the intestinal tract can originate from people, animals or contaminated food. And not only patients with obvious manifestations of the disease, but also latent carriers of pathogenic microorganisms, including bacteria. The causative agents of infections can be both bacterial pathogens and opportunistic flora, viruses, protozoa, helminths, fungi. A combination of several pathogens leading to diarrhea is possible.

Why is an intestinal infection dangerous?

Intestinal infection is characterized by two main manifestations: intoxication (poisoning) and damage to the gastrointestinal tract. Both of these conditions are especially dangerous for babies due to the rapid development of life-threatening conditions – dehydration and toxicosis.

Dehydration (dehydration) is the rapid loss of body fluids due to vomiting and/or diarrhea when these losses are not adequately replenished. Dry lips and mucous membranes, thirst or abrupt refusal to drink, weakness, decreased urination in older children, and dry diapers in infants should be alarming symptoms for parents.

Intoxication, being a characteristic symptom of many infections and other diseases associated with the presence of bacteria and toxins in the body, is characterized by universal manifestations – weakness, fever, loss of appetite, headache, heart palpitations.

Symptoms of an intestinal infection

The main intestinal manifestations that you should pay attention to are dyspepsia (nausea, discomfort, heaviness in the stomach), vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea / diarrhea. The severity of the course of the disease, the likelihood and severity of complications, and the features of the treatment of the infectious process will depend on the severity of these manifestations. An increase in body temperature is a frequent, but by no means obligatory manifestation of intestinal infections. Some dangerous infections can occur without fever.

Treatment of intestinal infection

Compliance with the correct drinking regimen and compliance with the rules of feeding will reduce the duration of the disease and in most cases will allow treatment at home, comfortable and familiar conditions. Drug therapy is prescribed only after a doctor’s examination, taking into account the existing additional symptoms and their severity. Adsorbents and membrane protectors, antiemetics, probiotics or prebiotics, antibacterial or intestinal antiseptics may be added to the treatment.

When should I see a doctor?

The following are symptoms for which you should seek medical attention as soon as possible:

• blood in the stool;
• refusal to drink for several hours or uncontrollable vomiting;
• decreased number of urination, dry diapers for children;
• frequent multiple copious stools;
• abdominal pain;
• behavioral changes, including marked drowsiness, slower reactions to external stimuli, fever that is not well reduced after taking antipyretic drugs.

Prevention of intestinal infections in adults and children

The first and basic rule for the prevention of intestinal infections is personal hygiene. It is necessary to control the quality of the products used for cooking, thoroughly washing vegetables / fruits, eggs. Do not eat products from dubious markets and “home” production. It is necessary to control the communication of the child with pets. Timely vaccination plays a significant role in the prevention of intestinal infections. Thus, the rotavirus vaccine is becoming routine in preventing the disease. There are also vaccines that are used according to vital and epidemiological indications for the most dangerous infections in the intestines: dysentery, typhoid fever, cholera.

Fever of unknown origin: causes, symptoms, treatment

Content

• 1 Fever of unknown origin: causes, symptoms and treatment
  • 1.1 Fever of unknown origin: causes, symptoms, treatment – article on the LNP website
  • 1. 2 What is a fever unknown origin?
  • 1.3 Causes of fever of unknown origin
  • 1.4 What are the symptoms of fever of unknown origin?
  • 1.5 How is fever of unknown origin diagnosed?
  • 1.6 Treatment of fever of unknown origin
  • 1.7 Prevention of fever of unknown origin: what you need to know?
    • 1.7.1 Maintain hygiene
    • 1.7.2 Travel restrictions
    • 1.7.3 Boost immunity
    • 1.7.4 Emergency measures
  • 1.8 Can with maximum accuracy to determine the origin of the fever?
  • 1.9 Countries affected by fever of unknown origin
  • 1.10 How is fever of unknown origin transmitted?
  • 1.11 Consequences of fever of unknown origin
  • 1.12 How to minimize the risk of contracting fever of unknown origin?
  • 1.13 Related videos:
  • 1.14 Q&A:
    • • 1.14.0.1 What are the signs that I have a fever of unknown origin?
      • 1.14.0.2 What are the causes of fever of unknown origin?
      • 1. 14.0.3 How is fever of unknown origin diagnosed?
      • 1.14.0.4 What is the treatment for fever of unknown origin?
      • 1.14.0.5 How can you protect yourself from a fever of unknown origin?
      • 1.14.0.6 Can a fever of unknown origin become an epidemic?

Learn about the causes and symptoms of fever of unknown origin (FUN), treatments and prevention. What to do if you suspect LDL – expert advice and helpful tips.

Fever is an increase in body temperature above normal. It can be caused by many factors: infections, allergic reactions, psychological stress and other reasons. In this article, we will look at one of the most mysterious forms of fever – of unknown origin.

This form of fever is very disturbing. In some cases, it is associated with epidemics that can lead to potentially dangerous consequences. In addition, this form of fever is often difficult to diagnose, making it difficult to treat.

In this article, we will look at several causes of fever of unknown origin, report on its symptoms, which include high body temperature, headache, muscle pain, severe weakness. And also tell about the methods of diagnosis and treatment of this disease.

Fever of unknown origin: causes, symptoms, treatment – article on the LNP website

Fever of unknown origin is a condition in which the patient experiences an increase in body temperature, the cause of which is unknown.

The symptoms of this condition may vary from patient to patient, but there are common features including:

• High body temperature;
• Headache;
• Feeling weak and tired;
• Pain in muscles and joints;

To find the cause of a fever, doctors do various tests and blood tests. In the treatment, you can use antibiotics, antiviral drugs and other medicines that are aimed at combating the cause of the condition.

Some causes of fever of unknown origin: Viruses Bacteria Parasites

It is important to see a doctor at the first sign of a fever of unknown origin, since this condition can lead to complications.

What is a fever of unknown origin?

Fever of unknown origin, or FDL, is an infectious disease that causes high fever and other symptoms, but the cause is unknown. It belongs to the category of diseases that are of concern due to their unknown origin and potential to spread around the world.

Because LDL causes symptoms similar to other illnesses such as influenza or pneumonia, it is difficult to diagnose without a thorough examination. This makes it even more potentially dangerous, as people may have a medical breakdown in determining which infection they have.

Causes of fever of unknown origin

Fever of unknown origin can occur for a number of reasons.

1. Infectious diseases: Fever may be due to an infectious disease such as influenza, dengue, Ebola or AIDS.
2. Parasitic diseases: Some parasitic diseases, such as malaria, can also cause fever.
3. Autoimmune diseases: Fever can be caused by autoimmune diseases such as Behçet’s syndrome or systemic lupus erythematosus.
4. Certain medications: Fever may be a side effect of certain medications, such as antibiotics or antifungals.

Given that a fever of unknown origin can have many causes, careful diagnosis and treatment by specialists in various fields of medicine is necessary.

What are the symptoms of a fever of unknown origin?

Fever of unknown origin can present with a variety of symptoms that can be difficult to diagnose and treat.

• High body temperature: One of the main symptoms is an elevated body temperature, which is difficult to reduce by conventional methods.
• Weakness and fatigue: Severe weakness, fatigue and feeling unwell often occur, which may last for a long time.
• Pain in muscles and joints: Muscle and joint pain is common and may be accompanied by swelling and redness.
• Diarrhea and vomiting: Symptoms of LDL may include diarrhea and vomiting, which may be related to digestive disorders.
• Severe headache: Severe headache may occur, which causes discomfort and makes normal activities difficult.
• Sleep and Appetite Disorder: Fever of unknown origin can also affect a person’s sleep and appetite, causing disturbances in sleep patterns and loss of appetite.

It is necessary to know that the symptoms of LDL can be different and depend on the nature and condition of the disease, so it is important to contact specialists in time for diagnosis and treatment.

How is fever of unknown origin diagnosed?

Diagnosis of fever of unknown origin is a set of measures aimed at finding the causes of the disease. In order to determine the cause of the disease, a detailed clinical and epidemiological history of the patient is necessary.

Bacteriological culture, immunoserological and molecular genetic studies can also be carried out. Infectious disease specialists, virologists, bacteriologists, immunologists, geneticists and other specialists experienced in the treatment of infectious diseases may be involved in determining the cause of the disease.

• Important! Diagnosis and treatment of fever of unknown origin requires great care and experience of the physician. The patient should definitely consult a specialist immediately after the first symptoms of the disease appear.

Treatment of fever of unknown origin

Treatment of fever of unknown origin depends on the patient’s symptoms and condition. One of the main methods is symptomatic treatment aimed at reducing body temperature and combating other manifestations of the disease.

Fluids and medicines such as paracetamol are used to control fever. It is important to monitor the temperature and consult a doctor in a timely manner.

In case of severe symptoms such as headache, vomiting, cardiovascular disorders, the doctor may prescribe appropriate therapy.

An important stage of treatment is maintaining the water-salt balance and the normal functioning of the organs.

In the case of a confirmed diagnosis, the doctor may prescribe a more specific treatment aimed at eliminating the cause of the disease.

• Symptomatic treatment aimed at reducing body temperature and combating other manifestations of the disease;
• Maintenance of water-salt balance and normal functioning of organs;
• More specific treatment to eliminate the cause of the disease.

Prevention of fever of unknown origin: what you need to know?

Stay hygienic

Hygiene is the main way to protect yourself from disease. Washing hands before eating, after going outside, going to the toilet is the basis. You should also keep your clothes and shoes clean. In case of contact with a possible carrier of the disease, measures must be taken to disinfect the body and clothing.

Travel restrictions

If you are planning a trip, you need to know which regions have become the epicenter of various epidemics. Before traveling, you should check the official recommendations for your particular destination and, if necessary, get vaccinated. You should also avoid being around large crowds of people.

Strengthen your immunity

It is very important to strengthen your immunity. This can be done through a healthy lifestyle, proper nutrition, physical activity and this treatment. It is also worth following the recommendations of doctors and undergoing regular medical examinations.

Emergency measures

In the event of symptoms of a fever of unknown origin, seek immediate medical attention. You should not try to treat yourself, thereby postponing a visit to the doctor. Before going to the doctor, you should avoid contact with other people, especially with young children and the elderly.

Important to remember

Know the risks	Before traveling, check the official recommendations for your destination and get vaccinated if necessary.
Stay hygienic	Wash your hands before eating, after going to the toilet and outside. Keep your clothes and shoes clean.
Boost your immune system	Proper nutrition, physical activity and a healthy lifestyle will help improve the functioning of the immune system.
Seek medical attention in case of symptoms	In case of symptoms of fever of unknown origin, seek medical attention.

Can the origin of a fever be determined with maximum accuracy?

Determining the origin of a fever is a difficult task, but modern medical methods provide more accurate and reliable results.

Some types of infections may have similar symptoms, making them difficult to diagnose. Therefore, the accuracy of determining the origin of fever may depend on the experience and qualifications of the doctor conducting the study.

In addition, the correct and timely visit to the doctor at the first signs of the disease is of great importance, as this increases the chances of a full and quick diagnosis and treatment.

Countries affected by fever of unknown origin

China

The first cases of unknown fever were reported in Wuhan, China in December 2019. The disease soon spread throughout the country and was also a source of concern for international health organizations.

Italy

At the beginning of 2020, Italy was one of the countries facing the emergence of an unknown fever. The disease known as COVID-19, became massive and led to the closure of borders and the introduction of quarantine.

Iran

Iran has also become one of the countries where many cases of unknown fever have been reported. Soon the disease became a pandemic and caused a worldwide crisis.

• China, Italy and Iran are the top countries affected by the unknown fever in early 2020.

How is fever of unknown origin transmitted?

Fever of unknown origin is spread from person to person through droplets of air, close contact with an infected person, or contact with their blood, urine, or other bodily fluids.

It is also possible to transmit infection through the bites of infected insects, such as mosquitoes, which may carry the virus.

To prevent transmission, hygiene measures such as regular handwashing, wearing masks in public, and avoiding contact with people who are sick should be followed.

If you suspect you have a fever of unknown origin, it is important to seek medical attention and follow all your doctor’s recommendations to avoid infecting others.

Consequences of a fever of unknown origin

Unfortunately, a fever of unknown origin can leave serious consequences even after it has been treated.

• Weakening of the immune system. During the fight against the disease, the body spends a lot of energy, and after it ends, the immune system may remain weakened for a while, which can lead to secondary infections.
• Organ dysfunction. In some cases, a fever of unknown origin can cause malfunction of organs such as the kidneys, liver, heart, which will require long-term treatment and rehabilitation.
• Post-traumatic stress syndrome. People who have had a severe form of fever may develop post-traumatic stress syndrome, which manifests itself in the form of increased anxiety, nervousness, insomnia and other psychological problems.

It is important to note that the consequences of a fever of unknown origin can be very diverse and individual in each case. Therefore, if you suspect this disease, you should immediately consult a doctor and follow his recommendations in order to minimize potential health consequences.

How to minimize the risk of contracting a fever of unknown origin?

1. Practice good personal hygiene. Wash your hands regularly with soap and water or use an alcohol-based hand rub. Do not touch your face with your hands unnecessarily. Cover your mouth and nose with your elbow or use disposable tissues when coughing or sneezing.

2. Avoid contact with other people. Avoid crowded places, close contact with sick people or people who may be infected without symptoms. If communication is necessary, wear a mask.

3. Take care of your health. Monitor temperature regularly and pay attention to symptoms. If signs of illness appear, consult a doctor immediately.

4. Eat only carefully prepared food. Do not eat raw or undercooked foods. Cook meat and fish avoiding contact with other foods.

5. Follow the news and instructions from local authorities. If cases have been reported in your area, follow recommendations to reduce the risk of infection and limit movement.

6. Use protective gear. Wear a mask when in a crowded area or close to sick people. Use gloves and goggles when handling sick or potentially contaminated objects.

Related videos:

Q&A:

What are the signs that I have a fever of unknown origin?

Initial symptoms may include fever, night sweats, headache, muscle pain, fatigue, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. If you notice these symptoms, contact your healthcare professional.

What are the causes of fever of unknown origin?

Causes may vary, including viruses, bacteria, parasites, fungi, poisons, radiation, etc. But often the exact causes are not established, so such cases become called “of unknown origin.”

How is fever of unknown origin diagnosed?

Diagnosis can be difficult and includes laboratory tests to look for viruses, bacteria, or other diseases, as well as a physical examination to look for other symptoms and a physical examination.

What is the treatment for fever of unknown origin?

The effectiveness of treatment may depend on the cause of the disease and how quickly it is detected. Usually, treatment consists of providing symptomatic help and maintaining the patient’s viability until his body copes with the disease on its own.

How can you protect yourself from a fever of unknown origin?

Unfortunately, there is no way to completely protect yourself from this disease, as its causes are unknown.