What are the benefits of dipotassium phosphate? How can it affect your body and health? Discover the potential uses and side effects of this common food additive.

What is Dipotassium Phosphate?

Dipotassium phosphate (DKP) is a water-soluble salt that typically comes in the form of a colourless, white substance. It is commercially used as a food additive, fertiliser, and buffering agent. For health and fitness purposes, dipotassium phosphate supplements are sought after for their role in the production of ATP (adenosine triphosphate), a high-energy molecule that the body requires for energy.

Dipotassium phosphate is a significant source of both potassium and phosphorus. The “phosphate” part refers to a charged particle that contains the mineral phosphorus, which the body needs to maintain, repair, and rebuild healthy teeth and bones. Phosphate also helps muscles contract and function properly.

Uses of Dipotassium Phosphate

Dipotassium phosphate is commonly used for its properties as an emulsifier, stabiliser, and texturiser in the food industry. It functions as an effective buffering agent and chelating agent, which may also be used for yeast food, emulsifying salt, and as a synergistic agent of antioxidation.

In processed foods, dipotassium phosphate is used to lower the acid levels and sodium levels in low-sodium cheeses. It is also used as a stabiliser in non-dairy creamers to prevent coagulation. Dipotassium phosphate is also used as a nutrient supplement and as a protein stabiliser in weight training drinks and powder mixes.

Benefits of Dipotassium Phosphate

The primary benefit of dipotassium phosphate is that it is a convenient source of potassium, which contributes to normal muscle function. For weightlifters, bodybuilders, and athletes, dipotassium phosphate supplements may be useful for several reasons:

1. May Increase Energy in Workouts

Dipotassium phosphate can be used in energy supplements for workouts requiring prolonged periods of work without rest, such as long-distance running, team sports, high-intensity interval training, and endurance-style weightlifting sessions. It supports the recovery of muscles, which means a better recovery rate and the ability to get in more lifts.

2. Helps Increase Potassium Intake

Potassium is one of the seven essential macro minerals, and the body requires at least 100 milligrams on a daily basis to support its key processes. While it’s possible to meet the requirements from dietary sources, supplementing with dipotassium phosphate can help increase your daily potassium intake.

A healthy intake of potassium decreases the risk of stroke, lowers blood pressure, protects against the loss of muscle mass, preserves bone mineral density, and reduces the risk of kidney stones.

Side Effects of Dipotassium Phosphate

Dipotassium phosphate is generally recognised as safe (GRAS) by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). However, some experts suggest that the supplement should be approached with caution, particularly for people with pre-existing health conditions.

An article published in “Deutsches Arzteblatt International” in January 2012 raised the issue that phosphate additives in dietary sources are potentially problematic for people who have conditions that require them to limit their phosphorus levels. The type of phosphorus found in dipotassium phosphate and other food additives is more easily absorbed than the kind that is naturally found in food sources, so it can potentially rapidly increase phosphorus levels too much in people who eat a lot of processed foods containing these additives.

While dipotassium phosphate is generally regarded as a safe supplement, there are some known side effects, which are mostly associated with prolonged use. This is because using the supplement over a longer period can cause an imbalance to the phosphates in your body, resulting in the potential for side effects.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the main function of dipotassium phosphate?

The main function of dipotassium phosphate is to provide a convenient source of potassium and phosphorus, two essential nutrients that play important roles in the body. Potassium is necessary for normal muscle function, while phosphorus is required for maintaining, repairing, and rebuilding healthy teeth and bones.

Can dipotassium phosphate be used as a food additive?

Yes, dipotassium phosphate is commonly used as a food additive due to its properties as an emulsifier, stabiliser, and texturiser. It is used to lower the acid and sodium levels in processed foods, and as a stabiliser in non-dairy creamers.

What are the potential side effects of dipotassium phosphate?

While dipotassium phosphate is generally considered safe, prolonged use can potentially cause an imbalance in the body’s phosphate levels, particularly for individuals with pre-existing health conditions that require them to limit their phosphorus intake. Some potential side effects include issues related to elevated phosphorus levels.

How can dipotassium phosphate benefit athletes and bodybuilders?

Dipotassium phosphate supplements may be useful for athletes and bodybuilders for a few reasons. First, it can help increase energy and endurance during prolonged, high-intensity workouts by supporting muscle recovery. Second, it provides a convenient source of potassium, which is important for normal muscle function.

Dipotassium Phosphate | Benefits, Side Effects & Uses

Jump to:

• What is dipotassium phosphate?
• Dipotassium phosphate uses.
• Dipotassium phosphate benefits.
• Dipotassium phosphate side effects.
• FAQs

What Is Dipotassium Phosphate?

Dipotassium phosphate (DKP) is a water-soluble salt that usually comes in the form of a colourless, white substance. Commercially, it’s known as a food additive, fertiliser, and buffering agent. 

For health and fitness, dipotassium phosphate supplements are sought for the part they play in the production of ATP (adenosine triphosphate), which is a high-energy molecule that your body requires for energy.

It is a top source of potassium and phosphorus. This is where the ‘phosphate’ part comes in. Phosphate is a charged particle that contains the mineral phosphorus. Your body needs this to be able to maintain, repair and rebuild your healthy teeth and bones. Not only this, but phosphate makes your muscles contract and function as they should. 

Dipotassium Phosphate Uses

DKP is commonly used for the properties that make it effective as an emulsifier, stabiliser and texturiser. Though it’s considered safe, some are convinced it has potentially dangerous health effects. 

In the food industry, dipotassium phosphate functions as an effective buffering agent and chelating agent, which may also be used for yeast food, emulsifying salt, and a synergistic agent of antioxidation. Further to this dipotassium phosphate can be found on many a jar and packet label due to its use as a food additive. Its role here is to lower the acid levels in processed foods, along with lowering the sodium levels in low-sodium cheeses. It is also used as a stabiliser in non-dairy creamers to prevent coagulation. 

It is also edible and used for health benefits as a nutrient supplement and as a protein stabiliser in weight training drinks and powder mixes.  

Dipotassium Phosphate Benefits

At a quick glance, the primary benefit of dipotassium phosphate is that it is a convenient source of potassium, which contributes to your normal muscle function. For weightlifters, bodybuilders and athletes, dipotassium phosphate supplements may be useful for several reasons. 

1. May increase energy in workouts 

Firstly, it can be used in energy supplements for workouts requiring prolonged periods of work without rest, such as long-distance running, team sports, high-intensity interval training and endurance-style weightlifting sessions. It does this by supporting the recovery of your muscles, which means a better recovery rate and the ability to get in more lifts. However, the evidence suggests that the results of potassium phosphate supplementation may vary based on individual response and the specific supplement protocol.1  

To summarise, dipotassium phosphate improves endurance by increasing your body’s efficiency in transporting oxygen to your muscles, thus helping energy production. This is particularly effective for high intensity and particularly strenuous exercises such as heavy lifting and sprints. 

2. Helps increase your intake of potassium 

Potassium is one of the seven essential macro minerals, of which your body requires at least 100 milligrams on a daily basis in order to sufficiently support its key processes. Whilst it’s possible to hit your requirements from dietary sources such as fruits, vegetables, fish and meat, supplementing potassium can help increase your daily intake.  A healthy intake of potassium decreases your risk of stroke, lowers your blood pressure, protects you against the loss of muscle mass, preserves your bone mineral density, and reduces the risk of kidney stones. 

Dipotassium Phosphate Side Effects 

Dipotassium phosphate is declared “generally recognised as safe (GRAS)” by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Some, however, still suggest that the supplement should be approached with caution, particularly for people with pre-existing health conditions.  

On top of this, an article published in “Deutsches Arzteblatt International” in January 2012 raises the issue that phosphate additives in dietary sources are potentially problematic for people who have conditions that require them to limit their phosphorus levels. 

The type of phosphorus found in disodium phosphate and other food additives is more easily absorbed than the kind that is naturally found in food sources, so it can potentially rapidly increase phosphorus levels too much in people who eat a lot of processed foods containing these additives. 

Though dipotassium phosphate is regarded as a safe supplement, there are some known side effects, which are mostly associated with prolonged use. This is because using the supplement over a longer period can cause an imbalance to the phosphates in your body, resulting in the following side effects: 

• Headaches 
• Constipation
• Confusions
• Hyperphosphatemia
• Nausea
• Dizziness
• Vomiting
• Diarrhoea

You should always check with a medical professional if you have any reservations about a supplement you’re considering. If you’re taking dipotassium phosphate for its health and performance benefits, including energy production and endurance, then you should check whether it is the right option for you and whether an alternative may be available. If your diet contains enough potassium there may be other supplements more suitable to your training goals. 

For example, if it’s increased energy and muscular function for short bursts of activity and power that you’re looking at, try creatine, BCAAs or our pre-workout blend. 

FAQs

What is dipotassium phosphate?

Dipotassium phosphate is a water-soluble salt, sought for its role in the production of ATP, a molecule your body uses for energy. 

What are the benefits of dipotassium phosphate?

It is a great source of potassium, essential for contributing to normal muscle function. It also supports the recovery of muscles, making it ideal for endurance athletes. 

What are the side effects of dipotassium phosphate?

Side effects associated with prolonged use of dipotassium phosphate may include headaches, constipation, arterial stiffening, confusion, nausea, and dizziness.

Effect of the Food Additives Sodium Citrate and Disodium Phosphate on Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli and Production of stx-Phages and Shiga toxin

Introduction

Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) are important pathogens that can cause human diseases, like diarrhoea, haemorrhagic colitis, and haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS) (Karmali et al., 1985). STEC strains are characterized by their capacity to produce Shiga toxins, which are encoded by bacteriophages, usually named stx-phages. These phages influence the pathogenicity of STEC strains, since the expression of these toxins is upregulated when the lytic cycle of these phages is induced. They also play a role in the spread of stx among E. coli as well as to other bacteria (Schmidt et al., 1999; Muniesa et al., 2004; Probert et al., 2014). Several factors have been shown to induce the lytic pathway of stx-phages [revised by Krüger and Lucchesi (2015)]. Particularly, some antibiotics have been reported to increase phage induction and Stx production and therefore treatments of human STEC infections with some antibiotics may have adverse clinical consequences (Wong et al. , 2000; Zhang et al., 2000; McGannon et al., 2010).

Meat consumption has been identified as one of the risk factors strongly associated with HUS (Bentancor et al., 2012) and several studies have shown that meat is frequently contaminated with STEC strains (Parma et al., 2000; Bosilevac and Koohmaraie, 2011). Food producing animals have been recognized as the most important source for the entry of STEC in the food chain (Arthur et al., 2002; Martin and Beutin, 2011), and ruminants, especially cattle, have been identified as the major reservoir of STEC strains (Caprioli et al., 2005; Mainil and Daube, 2005). In addition to meat and dairy products, other vehicles and transmission routes of STEC strains for human infection have been reported, like person-to-person contact and drinking and swimming water [reviewed by Doyle et al. (2006) and Kaspar et al. (2010)]. Several intervention strategies have been proposed to minimize meat contamination by STEC during slaughtering and meat processing, like hide washing (Arthur et al. , 2007), hot water treatment (Bosilevac et al., 2006), high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) treatment (Gola et al., 2000), and treatments with organic acids and/or their salts (Eswaranandam et al., 2004; Over et al., 2009), among others.

Infectious stx-phages have been detected in minced beef and salad samples (Imamovic and Muniesa, 2011). Moreover, stx-encoding phages can be more resistant than their host bacteria to chlorination and heat treatments (Muniesa et al., 1999) and also have a high ability to tolerate exposure to several disinfectants (Rode et al., 2011). There is scarce information about the risk of stx-phage induction and stx gene dissemination to other bacteria in foods. Imamovic et al. (2009) showed that stx transduction in food matrices is possible under appropriate conditions. Studies are required to evaluate if antimicrobial interventions, as well as other farming practices and food processing technologies, may increase the rate of induction and propagation of stx-phages.

Several substances are used in the production, processing, treatment, packaging, transportation, and storage of food. In the meat industry, additives like citric acid and sodium citrate are widely applied for pH control, metal chelating, and preservation (Sammel et al., 2006). Phosphates are used in meat and meat products to adjust pH, sequester cations, change the ionic charges distributions, change the ionic strength, and/or to function as a bacteriostatic agent (Long et al., 2011). The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro effect of some additives on STEC growth, and on the production of stx-phage and Stx.

Material and Methods

Bacterial Strains

STEC strains FB3 (serotype O157:H7, stx₂-positive) and FB5 (serotype O145:H-, stx₂-positive) isolated from feedlot cattle (Padola et al., 2004), and the reference strain E. coli EDL933 (serotype O157:H7, positive for stx₁ and stx₂) were selected to evaluate the effect of additives on STEC growth. In addition, supernatants from E. coli EDL933 cultures were used to evaluate phage and Stx production. E. coli laboratory strain DH5α was used as host strain for stx phages in double-agar-layer plaque assays.

Additives

The following compounds were prepared in stock solutions and used at indicated final concentrations: lactic acid (0.5 and 2.5% v/v), acetic acid (2.5% v/v), citric acid (0.5 and 2.5% w/v), disodium phosphate (0.1, 0.5, and 1% w/v), and sodium citrate (0.5, 1.0, and 2.5% w/v).

Bacterial Growth/Lysis Curves

STEC strains were cultivated overnight in Luria Bertani (LB) medium at 37°C with shaking at 120 rpm. Aliquots (300 μl) were inoculated into 100 ml flasks containing 15 ml of fresh LB medium. The new cultures were incubated at 37°C and 120 rpm ~45 min. up to an optical density at 600 nm (OD₆₀₀) ≈ 0.2-0.3 when each flask was added with the respective additive, or water (untreated control), or mitomycin C (final concentration of 0. 5 μg/ml; positive control of phage induction), reaching a final culture volume of 15.5 ml. This moment was identified as 0 h of the assay. The incubation was continued at 37°C and 180 rpm for 18 h, and spectrophotometrically monitored every hour for the first 5 h. When it was necessary, the aliquots measured were previously diluted. In addition, viable bacterial count at 2 h was conducted by plating appropriate dilutions on LB agar plates. These assays were repeated at least two times.

Evaluation of Phage Production

For phage quantification, aliquots of EDL933 cultures under different treatments were assayed. This strain was selected because phages induced from it showed lysis plaques easier to be counted by visual inspection than those from FB3 and FB5 strains. Aliquots from EDL933 cultures were taken at 3 h and centrifuged for 10 min at 10,000 × g, at 4°C. Supernatants were collected, filtered through low-protein-binding 0.22 μm membrane filters (Millex-GV, Millipore) and tenfold serially diluted for titration assays using the double-agar-layer method as follows. One hundred microliters of each dilution were mixed with 500 μl of an exponential phase culture of E. coli DH5α (OD₆₀₀ ≈ 0.6–0.8) and incubated for 30 min at 37°C with shaking (120 rpm) (phage adsorption step). This suspension was then mixed with 3 ml of LB soft agar (0.75% w/v) supplemented with 9 mM CaCl₂ and 1.5 μg/ml ampicillin and poured onto LB agar plates supplemented with 0.5–1 μg/ml ampicillin. After 18 h incubation at 37°C, lysis plaques were examined and enumerated. Ten lysis plaques were picked out from each plate and individually evaluated by PCR for stx carriage using a multiplex assay that detects stx₁, stx₂, and eae genes (Paton and Paton, 1998). This last gene was used to check the absence of chromosomal DNA from the STEC strain which could otherwise lead to false positive results in stx-phage PCR detection.

Phage quantification assays were repeated at least two times. To avoid possible interferences in the double-agar-layer method related with a possible chelating effect of disodium phosphate and sodium citrate, two more assays (named 3 and 4), were performed with addition of 100 μl CaCl₂ 0. 1 M in the phage adsorption step.

Evaluation of Extracellular Shiga toxin

Stx production was semi-quantified by using an enzyme immunoassay (EIA, Ridascreen^® Verotoxin, R-Biopharm, Germany). Supernatants of cultures at 18 h were obtained by centrifugation at 12,000 ×g for 10 min, diluted 1/10 in LB and then analyzed according to manufacturer instructions. Regarding supernatants from cultures treated with acids, they were neutralized before performing the ELISA.

The results were spectrophotometrically measured at 450 nm and classified as weak positive (1+) if the extinction was >0.1–0.5 above the negative control, moderate (2+) (>0.5–1.0) and strongly positive 3+ (>1.0–2.0) to 4+ (>2.0). The assays were done twice.

Results and Discussion

Some practices used along the food chain, like addition of substances, may influence bacterial growth and could increase the rate of induction and propagation of bacteriophages. This could represent a risk when the bacteriophages carry genes for potent toxins such as Stx. In this study, we evaluated the effect of different compounds used in the meat industry on the growth of STEC strains, and on the production of stx-phages and Stx.

Cultures of FB3, FB5, and EDL933 strains (control cultures and cultures exposed to different concentration of the compounds) were incubated and monitored spectrophoto metrically. For each treatment, similar OD₆₀₀ patterns were observed for each of the three strains (results for EDL933 are shown). Cultures added with mitomycin C showed an increase in the OD₆₀₀ during the first hours, reaching a maximum 2 h after induction, followed by a significant decrease, corresponding to a typical pattern of host cell lysis subsequent to induction of phage lytic cycle. This growth/lysis pattern was not observed in any of the cultures treated with the additives.

Cultures treated with lactic acid, acetic acid, or citric acid, at the concentrations tested, did not show an increase in OD₆₀₀ over time (Figure 1 shows the results for treatments with 2. 5% citric acid, 2.5% lactic acid, and 2.5% acetic acid). Phage titration assays showed that phages in supernatants of cultures treated with acids were below the accepted range for countable phage plaques (around 3–5 plaques per plate could be observed from undiluted supernatants, which represented a ~2-log reduction in the plaque counts in comparison to the untreated control). In addition, extracellular Stx was not detected in the supernatants. Taking into account the results, those acids at tested concentrations inhibited the bacterial growth, without evidence of production of stx-phages and Stx.

FIGURE 1. Growth curves of Escherichia coli EDL933 strain under different treatments: 2.5% citric acid, 2.5% lactic acid, 2.5% acetic acid, and 0.5 μg/ml mitomycin C. Growth curve for the untreated control is also shown. Similar results were obtained with E. coli FB5 and FB3 strains under the different treatments (not shown).

Cultures treated with disodium phosphate or sodium citrate showed growth patterns similar to untreated cultures but with a reduction in the OD₆₀₀ values with increasing salt concentrations (Figures 2A,B). Besides, viable bacterial counts showed that EDL933 cultures exposed to these salts had titers similar or slightly lower than untreated control cultures, and markedly higher than cultures with mitomycin C (Figure 3). In the first two phage titration assays, the supernatants of the cultures treated with disodium phosphate or sodium citrate contained phages below the accepted range for countable phage plaques, while titers of 3 × 10² and 4 × 10⁵ plaque forming units (pfu)/ml were observed in untreated cultures and cultures with mitomycin C, respectively. The supplementation of the supernatants with CaCl₂ in the adsorption step allowed quantification of phages from most of the cultures treated with salts, and also increased the number of pfu for both untreated and mitomycin C added controls. In all cases, the plaques analyzed by PCR were confirmed to correspond to stx₂-phages.

FIGURE 2. Growth curves of E. coli EDL933 in LB medium in the presence and absence of sodium citrate (A), and in the presence and absence of disodium phosphate (B). Bacterial growth was determined by measuring the OD₆₀₀. Each point corresponds to the average of four determinations ± standard error. Growth in the presence of mitomycin C was also included in both graphs as positive control of bacteriolysis due to phage lytic cycle induction.

FIGURE 3. Evaluation of the effect of sodium citrate and disodiun phosphate on E. coli EDL933 growth (CFU/ml). The values and error bars on the graph are averages of three independent experiments.

Phage titers observed for the supernatants of cultures treated with disodium phosphate and those with 0.5 and 1% sodium citrate were lower than those observed for untreated cultures (Figure 4). The exception was the culture treated with 2.5 % sodium citrate, which showed titers similar to the untreated control (Figure 4). Regarding extracellular Stx production, cultures treated with disodium phosphate presented similar results to the untreated control (Table 1). The cultures supplemented with 0.5% and 1.0% sodium citrate showed similar or slightly higher levels of Stx than the water control, respectively. Interestingly, cultures with 2.5% sodium citrate showed Stx levels considerable higher than those of untreated cultures.

FIGURE 4. Levels of phages expressed as the ratio of phage titers in supernatants of treated cultures relative to the untreated culture (results from assay 4 are shown). The relative titers were plotted on a semilogarithmic scale. *Not shown (phage numbers below the accepted range for countable lysis plaques).

TABLE 1. Semi-quantification of extracellular Shiga toxin by Ridascreen^® Verotoxin EIA (R-Biopharm, Germany).

Altogether, the assays showed that sodium citrate and disodium phosphate at the tested concentrations slightly diminished the growth rate of the analyzed STEC strains without evidence of an increment of phage production. However, induction of stx-phage production cannot be ruled out, as phage can be produced but not released, or produced as non-infectious particles. Imamovic and Muniesa (2012) showed that chelation and the increase in stx₂-phage induction are linked. In that study, culture treatment with 0.2 M sodium citrate showed effect on stx₂ phage induction. Interestingly, our results showed an increase in Stx production in cultures treated with 2.5% sodium citrate in relation to the untreated control. The fact that production of Stx was increased in that condition could reinforce the previous arguments that stx phage production could be induced but not detected, or it could suggest Stx production independent of a complete phage production. It is important to note that EDL933 carries stx₁ and stx₂ genes, and both Stx1 and Stx2 toxin types can be detected by the Ridascreen kit. In consequence, we were not able to discriminate between Stx1 and Stx2 production, which are known to have differences in transcription control (Wagner and Waldor, 2002).

In the present study, we have shown that an additive, such as sodium citrate, although not having a strong effect on bacterial growth and phage production, can induce the production of Shiga toxin. Although we evaluated few STEC strains, and these results may not accurately represent the behavior of other strains, the present study alerts for a possible increase of Stx production by STEC in presence of some food additives.

Therefore, we consider that when testing the use of additives or other treatments applied in the food industry to decrease bacterial contamination, it is important to take into account the kind of bacteria that can be present. Particularly, in cases in which the bacteria can harbor phages encoding toxins that could be induced with the treatment.

Author Contributions

LL, LM, JB: performed the experiments, participated in the acquisition, analysis and interpretation of the data, approved the final version of the paper. PL, AK: supervised the laboratory work, participated in the analysis and interpretation of the data, drafted the manuscript, and approved the final version of the paper.

Funding

This work was supported by Fondo para la Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (FONCYT) under Grant PICT N° 2012-2438; and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) under Grant PIP 939. LL and LM were fellowship holders from Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas-Provincia de Buenos Aires (CICPBA) and Consejo Interuniversitario Nacional (CIN), respectively. JB is a fellowship holder from CONICET. PL and AK are members of the Research Career of CONICET.

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Acknowledgment

Authors thank M. R. Ortiz and Vet. G. H. Arroyo for their technical assistance.

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Prednisolone sodium phosphate – instructions for use, dosage, composition, analogues, side effects / Pillintrip

Page reviewed by pharmacist Milityan Inessa Mesropovna Last update 2020-03-15

Attention!
The information on this page is for healthcare professionals only!
The information is collected from open sources and may contain significant errors!
Be careful and double-check all the information on this page!

Top 20 drugs with the same ingredients: F AquosumFisopredPremandol

Top 20 drugs with the same use:

DeltacorteneDeltacortrilEconopred PlusSolu-Decortin HCorotrope (Prednisolone Acetate) PanafcorteloneIsolonLenisolonePredfoamPred-FortePrednisolone sodium metasulfobenzoateRedipredCortancylDecortin HSolu-Delta-CortefBargonilDeltacortenesolPredenemaMeticorteloneNizon

Name of the medicinal product

The information provided in section Name of the medicinal product Prednisolone sodium phosphate is based on data from another medicinal product with exactly the same composition as the medicinal product Prednisolone sodium phosphate . Be
carefully and be sure to specify the information on section Name of the drug
in the instructions for the drug Prednisolone sodium phosphate directly from the package or from the pharmacist at the pharmacy.

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Prednisolone sodium phosphate

Composition

The information provided in section Composition of Prednisolone sodium phosphate is based on data of another medicine with exactly the same composition as the medicine Prednisolone sodium phosphate . Be
carefully and be sure to clarify the information in section Composition
in the instructions for the drug Prednisolone sodium phosphate directly from the package or from the pharmacist at the pharmacy.

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Prednisolone Acetate

Therapeutic indications

The information provided in Section Therapeutic indications of Prednisolone sodium phosphate is based on data of another medicine with exactly the same composition as the drug Prednisolone sodium phosphate . Be
carefully and be sure to check the information under section Therapeutic indications
in the instructions for the drug Prednisolone sodium phosphate directly from the package or from the pharmacist at the pharmacy.

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Tablets

Powder for solution for injection

oid arthritis, systemic connective tissue diseases , autoimmune hemolytic anemia, aplastic anemia, thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis, hemoblastosis, leukemia, infectious mononucleosis, shock.

Shock (anaphylactic, post-traumatic, post-hemorrhagic, cardiogenic, due to exhaustion or hypothermia), severe allergic and anaphylactic reactions, toxic pulmonary edema, cerebral edema, transplant rejection, acute severe dermatoses, acute blood diseases, severe infectious diseases (in combination with antibiotics ), acute insufficiency of the adrenal cortex.

Dosage and Administration

Provided under Section Dosage and Administration Prednisolone Sodium Phosphate The information is based on data of another medicine with exactly the same composition as the medicine Prednisolone sodium phosphate . Be
carefully and be sure to check the information on section Dosage and administration
in the instructions for the drug Prednisolone sodium phosphate directly from the package or from the pharmacist at the pharmacy.

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Eye drops; Injection; Ointment for external use; Dragee; Solution for intravenous and intramuscular injection; Substance-powder; Suspension for injection

Tablet; Ointment; Solution for injection / infusion

Tablets

Powder for solution for injection

IV (stream then drip) or IM . The dose of Prednisolone and the duration of treatment are set by the doctor individually, depending on the indications and the severity of the disease.

In acute adrenal insufficiency a single dose of the drug is 100-200 mg, daily 300-400 mg.

For severe allergic reactions Prednisolone is administered at a daily dose of 100–200 mg for 3–16 days.

In bronchial asthma the drug is administered depending on the severity of the disease and the effectiveness of complex treatment from 75 to 675 mg for a course of treatment from 3 to 16 days; in severe cases, the dose may be increased to 1400 mg per course of treatment or more with a gradual dose reduction.

For status asthmaticus Prednisolone is administered at a dose of 500-1200 mg/day, then reduced to 300 mg/day and switched to maintenance doses.

In case of thyrotoxic crisis , 100 mg of the drug is administered in a daily dose of 200-300 mg; if necessary, the daily dose can be increased to 1000 mg. The duration of administration depends on the therapeutic effect, usually up to 6 days.

In shock resistant to standard therapy, Prednisolone is usually administered by bolus at the beginning of therapy, after which it is switched to drip administration. If blood pressure does not increase within 10-20 minutes, repeat the jet administration of the drug. After removing from the state of shock, continue drip administration until blood pressure stabilizes. A single dose is 50-150 mg (in severe cases – up to 400 mg). The drug is re-administered after 3-4 hours. The daily dose can be 300-1200 mg (with subsequent dose reduction).

In acute hepatic-renal failure (with acute poisoning, in the postoperative and postpartum periods) , Prednisolone is administered at 25-75 mg / day; if indicated, the daily dose may be increased to 300-1500 mg / day and above.

In rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus Prednisolone is administered in addition to the systemic administration of the drug at a dose of 75–125 mg/day for no more than 7–10 days.

For acute hepatitis Prednisolone is given at 75–100 mg/day for 7–10 days.

For caustic fluid poisoning with burns of the digestive tract and upper respiratory tract Prednisolone is prescribed at a dose of 75–400 mg/day for 3–18 days.

If intravenous administration is not possible, prednisolone is administered intramuscularly in the same doses. After stopping the acute condition, Prednisolone is prescribed orally in tablets, followed by a gradual decrease in the dose.

With prolonged use of the drug, the daily dose should be reduced gradually. Long-term therapy should not be stopped abruptly!

IV (stream then drip) or IM . The dose of Prednisolone sodium phosphate sodium phosphate and the duration of treatment are set by the doctor individually, depending on the indications and severity of the disease.

In acute adrenal insufficiency a single dose of the drug is 100-200 mg, daily 300-400 mg.

In severe allergic reactions Prednisolone sodium phosphate sodium phosphate is administered at a daily dose of 100–200 mg for 3–16 days.

In bronchial asthma the drug is administered depending on the severity of the disease and the effectiveness of complex treatment from 75 to 675 mg for a course of treatment from 3 to 16 days; in severe cases, the dose may be increased to 1400 mg per course of treatment or more with a gradual dose reduction.

In status asthmaticus Prednisolone sodium phosphate sodium phosphate is administered at a dose of 500–1200 mg/day, followed by a decrease to 300 mg/day and switching to maintenance doses.

In case of thyrotoxic crisis , 100 mg of the drug is administered in a daily dose of 200-300 mg; if necessary, the daily dose can be increased to 1000 mg. The duration of administration depends on the therapeutic effect, usually up to 6 days.

In shock resistant to standard therapy, Prednisolone sodium phosphate sodium phosphate is usually administered by bolus at the beginning of therapy, after which it is switched to drip administration. If blood pressure does not increase within 10-20 minutes, repeat the jet administration of the drug. After removing from the state of shock, continue drip administration until blood pressure stabilizes. A single dose is 50-150 mg (in severe cases – up to 400 mg). The drug is re-administered after 3-4 hours. The daily dose can be 300-1200 mg (with subsequent dose reduction).

In acute hepatic-renal insufficiency (with acute poisoning, in the postoperative and postpartum periods) , Prednisolone sodium phosphate sodium phosphate is administered at 25-75 mg / day; if indicated, the daily dose may be increased to 300-1500 mg / day and above.

In rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus Prednisolone sodium phosphate sodium phosphate is administered in addition to the systemic administration of the drug at a dose of 75-125 mg / day for no more than 7-10 days.

In acute hepatitis Prednisolone sodium phosphate sodium phosphate is administered at 75–100 mg/day for 7–10 days.

In case of poisoning with caustic fluids with burns of the digestive tract and upper respiratory tract Prednisolone sodium phosphate sodium phosphate is prescribed at a dose of 75-400 mg / day for 3-18 days.

If intravenous administration of prednisolone sodium phosphate is not possible, sodium phosphate is administered intramuscularly in the same doses. After relief of an acute condition, prednisolone sodium phosphate sodium phosphate tablets are administered orally, followed by a gradual decrease in dose.

With prolonged use of the drug, the daily dose should be reduced gradually. Long-term therapy should not be stopped abruptly!

Inside, 25–50 mg/day (in 2–3 divided doses), then reduce the dose to 10–5–2.5 mg. The maximum single dose is 15 mg, the daily dose is 100 mg.

IV slowly, in shock 250–500 mg, in exceptional cases 500–1000 mg. After relief of acute events – oral administration of prednisolone.

Contraindications

Provided in section Prednisolone sodium phosphate contraindications The information is based on data of another medicine with exactly the same composition as the drug Prednisolone sodium phosphate . Be
carefully and be sure to check the information on section Contraindications
in the instructions for the drug Prednisolone sodium phosphate directly from the package or from the pharmacist at the pharmacy.

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Tablets

Powder for solution for injection

Arterial hypertension, Itsenko-Cushing’s disease, psychosis, renal failure, osteoporosis, peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum, diabetes mellitus, bacterial endocarditis, syphilis, tuberculosis , pregnancy.

Peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum, osteoporosis, acute viral infections, poliomyelitis, systemic mycoses.

Side effects

The information provided in section Adverse effects of Prednisolone sodium phosphate is based on data of another medicine with exactly the same composition as the drug Prednisolone sodium phosphate . Be
carefully and be sure to check the information in section Side effects
in the instructions for the drug Prednisolone sodium phosphate directly from the package or from the pharmacist at the pharmacy.

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Tablets

Powder for solution for injection

Agitation, insomnia, arterial hypertension, edema, hypokalemia, alkalosis, amenorrhea, osteoporosis, Itsenko-Cushing’s syndrome, hyperglycemia, immunodeficiency.

Myasthenia gravis, osteoporosis, visual disturbances, depression, hypertension, hypercoagulation, thrombosis, hypokalemia, hyperglycemia.

Overdose

Granted under section Overdose Prednisolone sodium phosphate The information is based on data of another medicine with exactly the same composition as the medicine Prednisolone sodium phosphate . Be
carefully and be sure to specify the information on section Overdose
in the instructions for the drug Prednisolone sodium phosphate directly from the package or from the pharmacist at the pharmacy.

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When administered intravaginally, overdose is unlikely.

Symptoms: loss of consciousness, headache, dizziness, tremor, convulsions, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea (in case of accidental ingestion of the drug).

Treatment: symptomatic.

Pharmacodynamics

The information provided in section Pharmacodynamics of Prednisolone sodium phosphate is based on data of another medicine with exactly the same composition as the drug Prednisolone sodium phosphate . Be
carefully and be sure to clarify the information in section Pharmacodynamics
in the instructions for the drug Prednisolone sodium phosphate directly from the package or from the pharmacist at the pharmacy.

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Elzhina ^® is a combination drug with antibacterial, antifungal and anti-inflammatory action for local use in gynecology.

Ornidazole is an antiprotozoal agent with antimicrobial activity. Effective against Trichomonas vaginalis, Entamoeba histolytica, Giardia lamblia (Giardia intestinalis) and some anaerobic bacteria such as Bacteroides spp. and Clostridium spp., Fusobacterium spp. , and anaerobic cocci Peptostreptococcus spp. The mechanism of action is due to inhibition of synthesis and damage to the DNA structure of pathogens.

Neomycin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic of the aminoglycoside group. Active against a number of gram-positive and gram-negative aerobic microorganisms. Resistance of microorganisms to neomycin develops slowly and to a small extent. Practically not absorbed through the mucous membranes.

Prednisolone is a dehydrated analog of hydrocortisone that has anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic and antipruritic effects. Promotes rapid reduction of itching and burning.

Econazole combines antifungal activity against dermatophytes Trichophyton spp., Microsporum spp., Epidermophyton spp. , yeast and yeast-like fungi of the genus Candida with antibacterial action against gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp. The mechanism of action is to suppress the synthesis of ergosterol in the fungal cell membrane. It acts fungicidal and bactericidal.

Pharmacokinetics

The information provided in section Pharmacokinetics of Prednisolone sodium phosphate is based on data of another medicine with exactly the same composition as the drug Prednisolone sodium phosphate . Be
carefully and be sure to clarify the information in section Pharmacokinetics
in the instructions for the drug Prednisolone sodium phosphate directly from the package or from the pharmacist at the pharmacy.

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When applied intravaginally, the systemic absorption of active ingredients is negligible, the drug is practically not absorbed from the surface of the vaginal mucosa.

Pharmacological group

Provided in section Pharmacological group Prednisolone sodium phosphate The information is based on data of another medicine with exactly the same composition as the drug Prednisolone sodium phosphate . Be
carefully and be sure to specify the information on section Pharmacological group
in the instructions for the drug Prednisolone sodium phosphate directly from the package or from the pharmacist at the pharmacy.

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• Glucocorticosteroids

Interactions

The information provided in section Interactions Prednisolone sodium phosphate is based on data from another drug with exactly the same composition as the drug Prednisolone sodium phosphate . Be
carefully and be sure to specify the information on section Interaction
in the instructions for the medicine Prednisolone sodium phosphate directly from the package or from the pharmacist in the pharmacy.

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Drug interactions with Elzhina ^® have not been studied with intravaginal use. Despite the fact that the active ingredients that make up the vaginal tablets are slightly absorbed, patients taking indirect anticoagulants such as warfarin and acenocoumarol should be careful and monitor blood clotting parameters. It is recommended to inform the doctor about the simultaneous treatment with other drugs.

Prednisolone sodium phosphate price

We do not have exact data on the cost of this medicine.
However, we will provide data for each active ingredient

The average cost of Prednisolone Acetate 1% per unit in online pharmacies is from $3.43 to $12.75, per package from $40 to $115.

The average cost of Prednisolone Acetate 0.5% per unit in online pharmacies is from $4.69 to $4.69, per pack from $94 to $94.

Sources:

• https://www.drugs.com/search.php?searchterm=prednizolona-natriya-fosfat-rus
• https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=prednizolona-natriya-fosfat-eng

Find in the country:

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P 90 003

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OTIPOL®, 5 ml

Clear, colorless or yellow liquid

Pharmacological properties

Pharmacokinetics 900 03

No systemic absorption if the tympanic membrane is intact.

Pharmacodynamics

Otipol ^® is a combined preparation for topical use in otorhinolaryngological practice. Therapeutic effect of the drug OTIPOL ^® is due to the anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic action of dexamethasone and the antibacterial action of the antibiotics neomycin and polymyxin B

The active substances that make up the drug OTIPOL ^® damage the cytoplasmic membranes of microbial cells, disrupt the flow of metabolites inside the cell with her subsequent death. Dexamethasone is a glucocorticosteroid that has anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, desensitizing effects, inhibits the release of inflammatory mediators, stabilizes cell membranes and cell organelles, and reduces capillary permeability.

The combination of these antibiotics expands the spectrum of antibacterial action on most gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms that cause infectious and inflammatory diseases of the outer and middle ear.

Neomycin – an aminoglycoside antibiotic produced by Streptomyces fradiae. It has a bactericidal effect, disrupting protein synthesis in the microbial cell. It has a wide spectrum of antibacterial action, is active against many gram-negative and gram-positive microorganisms, including Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumonia, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Proteus spp., Shigella spp; less active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and streptococci; not active against pathogenic fungi, viruses, anaerobic flora. Resistance of microorganisms to neomycin develops slowly and to a small extent.

Polymyxin B sulfate – active against Gram-negative bacteria : Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Streptococcus spp. are resistant to these antibiotics. (including Streptococcus pneumoniae) and some anaerobic bacteria.

In the absence of damage to the eardrum OTIPOL ^® does not have a systemic effect.

Indications for use

– otitis externa without damage to the tympanic membrane

– infected eczema of the external auditory canal

Dosage and administration

swab ) 2 times a day for 6-10 days.

Children over 2.5 years of age are recommended 1-2 drops in each ear (or insert a cotton swab moistened with medicine into the external auditory canal) 2 times a day for 6-10 days.

Before using the ear drops, it is recommended to warm the bottle by holding it in your hand to avoid the discomfort associated with getting cold liquid into the ear.

After instillation in one ear, tilt your head to the opposite side for a few minutes and then instill into the other ear.

Side effects

– mild burning or stinging after instillation

Very rare

– allergic reactions: skin manifestations

Any adverse reactions not listed in this section should be reported to your physician immediately.

Contraindications

– hypersensitivity to any of the components of the drug

– viral (including herpes), fungal infections of the ears

– infectious and traumatic injuries of the eardrum

– neuritis of the auditory nerve

90 002 – pregnancy and lactation

– children’s age up to 2.5 years

Drug interactions

No clinically significant interactions of the drug OTIPOL ^® with other drugs have been identified.

Incompatible with monomycin, streptomycin, gentamicin, amikacin, netilmicin (increased ototoxicity)

cyn, vancomycin), you need to monitor the total concentration of the drug in serum due to the risk of increased nephro- and ototoxicity. Aminoglycosides can impair neuromuscular transmission, so it is not recommended to prescribe simultaneously with anesthetics. Pharmaceutical incompatibility occurs with the combination of aminoglycosides and erythromycin or chloramphenicol. Simultaneous administration with m-anticholinergics (including antihistamines, tricyclic antidepressants), nitrates contributes to the development of an increase in intraocular pressure.

If you are allergic to neomycin, cross-allergy with antibiotics – aminoglycosides is possible.

Special instructions

Before starting treatment, it is necessary to examine the condition of the tympanic membrane. With perforation of the tympanic membrane, the use of the drug is unacceptable due to the risk of toxic effects on the vestibular and auditory apparatus.

Prolonged use of OTIPOL ^® ear drops is not recommended, as this may lead to increased growth of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms, including fungi.

Hypersensitivity reactions and cross-sensitivity to other aminoglycosides may occur during the use of the drug. In the event of serious hypersensitivity reactions, the use of the drug should be discontinued.

The presence of a corticosteroid in the composition of the drug does not prevent the development of skin manifestations of an allergy to antibiotics, but may change the clinical picture of an allergic reaction.

When neomycin or polymyxin B is applied topically, the development of an allergic reaction may exclude the possibility of systemic use of other antibiotics similar in structure to neomycin and polymyxin B.

To avoid contamination of the solution, keep the vial tightly closed and avoid contact of the pipette tip with any surface.

Pediatric use

Data on the efficacy and safety of the drug in children under 2.5 years are not available.

Features of the effect of the drug on the ability to drive vehicles or potentially dangerous mechanisms

Does not affect.

Overdose

Due to the low degree of absorption into the systemic circulation, overdose is unlikely.

Release form and packaging

5 ml of the drug is poured into polyethylene dropper bottles, hermetically sealed with screw caps with control of the first opening.

1 bottle, together with instructions for medical use in the state and Russian languages, is placed in a cardboard box.