Symptoms, Causes & Pain Relief

Overview

What is ovulation pain?

Ovulation pain is pelvic pain that some women have during ovulation. Ovulation is the part of the menstrual cycle when an ovary releases an egg. Ovulation usually happens about halfway between your periods.

Ovulation pain is also called “mittelschmerz.” The term comes from the German words for “middle” and “pain.”

Where does ovulation pain occur?

You typically feel the pain in your lower abdomen and pelvis, in the middle or on one side. You may feel it on the side where the ovary is releasing an egg. (For most people, the ovaries take turns ovulating. Each ovary releases an egg every other month.)

So if the ovary on the right side is releasing the egg, that’s where you’ll feel the pain. Some people find that the pain switches sides from one cycle to the next.

Who gets ovulation pain?

Many women never have pain at ovulation. Others have midcycle pain every month. They can often tell by the pain that they are ovulating.

Is ovulation pain the same as period pain?

Ovulation pain may feel similar to period pain — like a cramp. But ovulation pain happens about two weeks before you get your period.

How common is ovulation pain?

Mittelschmerz may affect more than 40% of women who ovulate during their reproductive years — and it can affect them almost every month.

Symptoms and Causes

What causes ovulation pain?

The egg develops in the ovary. As it grows, follicular fluid surrounds it. During ovulation, the ovary releases the egg and fluid, along with some blood. Mittelschmerz may happen because of the egg enlarging in the ovary just before ovulation.

The pain may also be due to a ruptured follicle. The egg bursts from the follicle when it’s ready. The burst may cause some bleeding. The blood and fluid from the ruptured follicle may irritate the lining of the abdomen (peritoneum), causing pain.

This is a normal part of the menstrual cycle.

What are the symptoms of ovulation pain?

The pain may feel like a mild twinge, or you might have severe discomfort. It often hurts on just one side. The pain can last from a few minutes to a few hours. You may also experience:

Diagnosis and Tests

How is ovulation pain diagnosed?

Your healthcare provider might diagnose mittelschmerz based on the timing of the pain. Ovulation usually happens about two weeks into your menstrual cycle. So if the pain happens about midway between periods, it may be ovulation pain.

Your provider may ask you to keep a record of your menstrual cycles. Note whenever you have pain and where you feel the pain.

What tests will I need?

Your healthcare provider may perform an abdominal and pelvic examination. These tests can help rule out other causes of pain, such as endometriosis or an ovarian cyst. You may also need an abdominal or vaginal ultrasound.

If your healthcare provider notices something suspicious during the exam or your pain is severe, you may need more tests to find the cause. Your healthcare provider will discuss the next steps with you.

Management and Treatment

How is ovulation pain treated?

Most people don’t need treatment for mittelschmerz. The pain typically goes away within a day. You can take medication available over the counter such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications, (ibuprofen, naproxen or Aleve) to help with the pain.

A heating pad or hot bath may also help provide pain relief.

For severe ovulation pain, talk to your healthcare provider about taking birth control pills. Hormonal birth control medications prevent ovulation. Without ovulating, you won’t have ovulation pain.

If you take birth control pills, you won’t be able to get pregnant. Talk to your healthcare provider if you wish to start or add to your family.

Prevention

Can I prevent ovulation pain?

You can prevent ovulation pain by preventing ovulation. Many hormonal contraceptives, including the pill, prevent ovulation.

Outlook / Prognosis

What is the outlook for women with ovulation pain?

Ovulation pain is normal. It’s one of the side effects of your period. It’s not dangerous or a sign of a serious health condition. Ovulation pain doesn’t affect fertility, and it can help you be more aware of when you ovulate.

It’s always a good idea to talk to your healthcare provider about any pain you’re having. A healthcare provider can rule out a more serious condition that has similar symptoms.

Should I worry about ovulation pain?

Ovulation pain itself is nothing to worry about. But talk to your healthcare provider if you have severe pain. It could be a sign of a different, more serious condition, including:

• Endometriosis, an inflammatory condition affecting the ovaries and fallopian tubes.
• Scar tissue from a cesarean section (C-section) or other abdominal surgery that caused abdominal adhesions.
• Sexually transmitted disease (STD), such as chlamydia, which can cause inflammation that leads to painful ovulation.
• Ovarian cyst, a pouch of fluid that develops on an ovary.
• Ectopic pregnancy, when a pregnancy develops outside of the womb, often on one of the fallopian tubes.
• Appendicitis, when the appendix is inflamed.
• Other abdominal problems, such as inflammatory bowel disease.

Can I use ovulation pain to plan a pregnancy?

Some people use ovulation pain to plan or avoid a pregnancy. Your chances of getting pregnant are higher if you have sex during the ovulation period. So, paying attention to any ovulation pain can help you know when you’re ovulating if you’re trying to get pregnant.

However, don’t rely on mittelschmerz as a way to avoid pregnancy. Use other, more reliable birth control methods.

Living With

How do I take care of myself?

If you have ovulation pain, try at-home treatments such as a warm bath and over-the-counter pain relief. For severe ovulation pain, talk to your healthcare provider about other treatment options.

When should I contact my healthcare provider?

Call your healthcare provider if you missed your last menstrual period or have these symptoms during ovulation:

• Fever greater than 100.4 degrees Fahrenheit.
• Pain while urinating.
• Red or burning skin where the pain is located.
• Severe nausea or vomiting.
• Severe pain in the middle of your menstrual cycle that lasts longer than a day or occurs during most months.
• Over-the-counter pain medication is not providing relief from the pain.
• Missed period.
• Heavy vaginal bleeding between periods.

What else should I ask my healthcare provider?

If you have midcycle pain, ask your healthcare provider:

• What’s causing the pain?
• What can I do to relieve the pain?
• Is there a way to prevent ovulation pain?
• Will birth control pills help control the pain?

A note from Cleveland Clinic

Ovulation pain, also called mittelschmerz, happens when people experience ovulation cramps or other pain when they ovulate. Ovulation pain is not harmful. Most of the time, you can treat it with OTC medications, rest and warm baths. But talk to your healthcare provider if you have severe ovulation pain. Your healthcare provider may recommend birth control pills to prevent ovulation.

Cramping when Ovulating – Signs, Treatment

While it’s unknown exactly why women experience cramping or ovulation pain, several theories exist. Before the egg is released, the follicle grows. This may stretch the surface of the ovary, causing pain. It’s also believed that blood and other fluid is released when the follicle ruptures, causing irritation that disappears as the fluid is reabsorbed. Because the ovaries have no openings, there may be some pain when the egg breaks through the ovary wall.

Six Signs of Ovulation Pain

Ovulation pain differs from menstrual cramps that come on just before or during a woman’s menstrual period. “It’s easy to recognize ovulation pain because it has a number of symptoms that are different from menstrual cramps,” says Autry.

The six signs of ovulation pain are:

• It’s one-sided.
• It comes on suddenly and without warning.
• It’s a sharp pain, twinge, or cramping rather than a dull ache.
• It often lasts only minutes, but may last a few hours or even up 24 hours.
• It may switch sides from month to month.
• It occurs about two weeks before your menstrual period starts.

Mild bleeding (spotting) or vaginal discharge may occur during this time. Some women may also experience nausea, especially if the cramping is severe. Mid-cycle pain is most common in adolescents and women in their twenties, but it can occur all the way up to age 45.

Understanding Your Body’s Signals

Women who experience ovulation pain may actually be at an advantage if they’re trying to get pregnant. Cramping in the weeks before your menstrual period is a sign that you’re ovulating and probably fertile. “You’re most likely to conceive if you have intercourse right before ovulation, on the day of ovulation, or immediately after ovulation,” says Autry.

On the other hand, mid-cycle pain may also help women who would rather not get pregnant. But while avoiding intercourse during times when you feel ovulation pain can be an effective back-up to your regular birth control method, don’t rely on it as your sole method of preventing pregnancy. “Sperm can live up to five days in a woman’s body,” cautions Autry. So you could get pregnant from unprotected sex on the days before you feel mittleschmerz pain.

Preventing and Treating Mid-Cycle Pain

For minor or brief ovulation pain, treatment is usually not necessary. For cramping that lasts more than a few minutes, over-the-counter pain relievers, such as ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil, and others) or naproxen (Aleve and others) will usually relieve the discomfort. Applying a heating pad to the site of the abdominal pain or taking a warm bath can also help. Heat increases blood flow, which relaxes tense muscles and eases cramping.

If your mid-cycle abdominal pain happens every month and is particularly bothersome, hormonal contraception (birth control pills, patches, or the vaginal ring) is an option because it prevents ovulation. And without ovulation, you can’t have ovulation pain.

Mid-cycle abdominal pain that is extreme or lasts longer than a day should be evaluated by a doctor. Appendicitis, ovarian cysts, and ectopic (tubal) pregnancy can sometimes mimic ovulation pain, although pain from these conditions is typically much more severe.

A medical exam and diagnostic tests can rule out other causes for abdominal pain. “But in the vast majority of cases, abdominal pain or cramping in the middle of the menstrual cycle simply means that you’re ovulating and the pain will disappear soon,” says Autry.

Find more information in the Everyday Health PMS Center.

Cramping During Ovulation Isn’t Unusual

Women have long associated the female “cycle” with pain, at least some of the time. But most people might not realize that there’s a specific pain or cramping during ovulation that is different than typical menstrual pain and which occurs at a different time.

If you’ve felt abdominal pain in the middle of your menstrual cycle – about two weeks before you are due for your period – that is likely pain or cramping associated with ovulation, a process lasts a total of 12-24 hours.

There’s even a name for this pain. Known as mittelschmerz – which is German for “middle pain” – this cramping during ovulation can last for just a brief minute or two or it may plague some women for up to a few hours.

Why does cramping happen?

Technically, mittelschmerz occurs when the tiny sac in the ovary that holds the egg ruptures and releases it. Occurring mid-cycle, it’ll only be felt on one side, unlike common menstrual pain. This is because only one egg is usually released during ovulation, so the cramping will be felt in EITHER the left or right ovary, depending on which one is releasing the egg.

Theories hypothesize that the pain occurs because the surface of the ovary is stretched as the follicle grows prior to the release of the egg. Other studies have determined that blood and other fluid is released when the follicle ruptures. That causes irritation initially, but it disappears when the fluid is reabsorbed.

Regardless of why it happens, according to a variety of studies, only about 20 percent of all menstruating women notice ovulation-related cramping on a regular basis though a higher percentage report it on occasion.

How can you tell if it’s ovulation pain?

There are plenty of ways to diagnose ovulation-related pain.

• You don’t have your period. Instead, it occurs between two periods.
• It happens only on one side, though it may switch sides from month to month.
• Menstrual cramps often feel like a dull ache but cramping from ovulation is usually described as sharp or like a twinge or pinch.
• There’s usually no warning as there are no other physical signs to go along with it, like the bleeding that accompanies menstruation. It comes on suddenly.
• It lasts only a few minutes to a few hours, rarely longer.

Cramping during ovulation can be helpful!

If you are trying to get pregnant, experiencing cramping or other kinds of pain during ovulation probably means that your body is working correctly and producing eggs for fertilization, which will occur naturally or by artificial means. Those who experience regular cramping like this can often – after a few months – judge when they are ovulating and can determine the best time for intercourse that could result in a pregnancy.

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Symptoms & Causes of Ovulation Cramps

You knew that cramps came with the period package. But what about abdominal pain between your periods, in the middle of your cycle? There’s a very good chance you could be experiencing ovulation pain — a completely normal (if unpleasant) result of your ovary releasing its monthly egg.

Not everyone experiences ovulation pain. But if you do, ovulation pain can be a helpful sign to track if you’re trying to get pregnant.

Here’s what you need to know about ovulation pain or cramps, including what it feels like, ovulation pain symptoms, how long it lasts and other conditions that might cause severe pain.

What is ovulation pain?

When an ovary releases an egg in the middle of your menstrual cycle, you may experience ovulation pain on one side of the lower abdomen or pelvis. Known in medical circles as “mittelschmerz” — German for “middle” and “pain” — it’s possible to experience ovulation pain occasionally or during every cycle.

What does ovulation pain feel like?

Around two weeks before you expect to get your period, ovulation may cause a dull and crampy achiness, mild twinges or sharp and sudden pain on one side of your lower abdomen.

You may feel pain on a different side each month, or on the same side for several months in a row, depending on which ovary releases an egg.

Keep in mind that abdominal pain at any other point in your cycle isn’t linked to ovulation. You might have menstrual cramps or another pelvic or abdominal condition. If it’s severe, check in with your doctor.

How long does ovulation pain last?

Ovulation pain usually occurs for a few minutes to a few hours, although it can last for up to one or two days.

Symptoms of ovulation pain and cramps

Ovulation pain symptoms may include:

• Pain on one side of the lower abdomen or pelvis
• Light vaginal bleeding or discharge
• In rare cases, severe ovulation pain
• Nausea, if pain is severe

Causes of ovulation pain and cramps

Experts aren’t sure exactly what causes ovulation pain, but there are a couple of prime suspects:

• Normal follicle growth before ovulation stretches the outside of the ovary, causing discomfort
• When a follicle naturally ruptures and releases an egg during ovulation, it also releases blood and fluid that may irritate surrounding abdominal tissues

Is pain during ovulation normal?

Ovulation pain is completely normal: About 1 in 5 women experience some pain and discomfort around the time they ovulate.

That said, you shouldn’t experience ovulation pain if you’re on the pill (a combination pill that contains both estrogen and progestin) or have a hormonal IUD because those types of birth control stop ovulation.

To figure out if the abdominal pain you’re experiencing is linked to ovulation, track your cycle for two to three months. If symptoms consistently happen about two weeks before each period, it’s likely ovulation pain.

To treat ovulation pain, try a painkiller like acetaminophen. Skip the ibuprofen if you’re trying to get pregnant, as it has been linked to an increased risk of miscarriage when taken around the time of conception.

What does it mean if I have severe ovulation pain?

Many times, it’s normal to experience some pain around the time you ovulate. However persistent or severe abdominal pain could indicate another problem that requires medical attention, including:

• Appendicitis: A blockage in the lining of the appendix can cause an infection and inflammation, resulting in pain that begins in the lower right side of your abdomen or around your belly button and worsens when you cough. You may also feel nauseous and have a fever, constipation, vomiting or diarrhea. Because the appendix can eventually rupture, causing a potentially deadly abdominal infection, it’s important to contact your doctor right away if you think you might be experiencing appendicitis symptoms.
• Ectopic pregnancy: Rarely, fertilized eggs can implant outside of the uterus (usually in a fallopian tube), causing sharp and crampy abdominal pain that’s often accompanied by vaginal bleeding and early signs of pregnancy like nausea. See your doctor right away, especially if a pregnancy test comes back positive, as an ectopic pregnancy can be life-threatening.
• An ovarian cyst: While most ovarian cysts are small and don’t cause symptoms, a larger cyst can cause sharp or dull pain on one side of the lower abdomen that may come and go. Larger ovarian cysts may also clause bloating, pressure and swelling in the lower abdomen. If the cyst ruptures, it can cause sudden and severe pain.
• Endometriosis: Sometimes tissue that normally lines the inside of the uterus grows on other parts of the pelvic area and gets trapped outside the uterus, where it bleeds with each menstrual cycle. Because the blood has nowhere to go, it irritates surrounding tissues and eventually leads to painful adhesions and scar tissue that can make it harder to get pregnant. Unlike ovulation pain, however, endometriosis pain tends to be worse during — not between — periods.
• Sexually transmitted infection: STIs like chlamydia can result in scarring around the fallopian tubes if left untreated, which can cause abdominal pain and fertility problems. Other symptoms to watch out for include painful urination and unusual vaginal discharge. Many STIs, however, cause no symptoms at all.
• Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID): Usually linked to an untreated STI, this bacterial infection of the reproductive tract often causes abdominal pain along with a foul-smelling vaginal discharge and vaginal bleeding between periods and after sex.
• Scar tissue. Scarring due to C-section or other abdominal surgery can restrict the ovaries and surrounding structures, potentially resulting in severe ovulation pain and problems getting pregnant.

When to call the doctor about pain during ovulation

To rule out conditions like appendicitis or an ectopic pregnancy, check in with your doctor if you experience a new or sudden, severe pain in your lower abdomen, or if pain lasts more than a couple of days.

Also contact your doctor if abdominal pain is accompanied by:

• Fever
• Nausea and vomiting
• Diarrhea or constipation
• Early signs of pregnancy and/or a positive pregnancy test
• Vaginal bleeding between periods
• Foul-smelling or otherwise unusual vaginal discharge

Ovulation pain is usually nothing to worry about. In fact, if you’re trying to conceive, knowing the signs of ovulation — which can include ovulation pain — can help you to get pregnant faster. After all, timing sex around ovulation is the best way to help sperm meet egg. But if you’re concerned about severe pain or other symptoms, it’s always a good idea to check in with your health care practitioner.

Symptoms, Relief and How It Affects Pregnancy Success

As with those pesky monthly periods, ovulation feels different for different people. Some women experience ovulation pain every cycle; others, not at all. While being aware of any aches or cramping you feel during ovulation can be only somewhat helpful in tracking your fertility (more on that later), it’s just smart to get familiar with how your body feels from month to month, so you can separate what’s normal for you from what might require a visit to the ob-gyn. To that end, we asked experts to answer some of the most common questions about ovulation pain—from how long it lasts and what it means for pregnancy, to how to find relief and when to seek help.

Ovulation pain, also known as mittelschmerz (that’s German for “middle pain”), occurs at the midpoint of your menstrual cycle when your ovary releases an egg. Only about 20 percent of people who ovulate will feel this type of pain, says Katharine O’Connell White, MD, vice chair of academics in the department of ob-gyn at Boston Medical Center. “Most will feel it only occasionally, but some might feel it every cycle.”

As for what causes ovary pain during ovulation, doctors aren’t completely sure, but they’ve got a few theories. “The pain could be related to the ovarian follicle stretching your ovary before it bursts, or from the blood or fluid that is released from the follicle that irritates the lining of your abdomen or pelvis and causes pain,” says White.

Any ovulation cramps might also be the result of contractions of the fallopian tube that move the egg towards the uterus, or from the ligaments around the uterus that contract, thanks to the increased levels of prostaglandins. “These are the same [culprits] behind menstrual cramping,” White explains.

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You’ll usually be able to distinguish ovulation pain from that of other conditions because it appears on either the left or right side of your pelvis. “If you ovulated from your left ovary, you’ll feel a cramp on the left side of your lower abdomen, and you may feel pain on a different side each month if your ovaries are taking turns releasing an egg,” White explains. Then again, you might not feel ovulation pain at all, which is completely normal too.

What does ovulation pain feel like? The symptoms can vary slightly from person to person. It can range from a slight twinge or a sharp pain to a general sense of discomfort or full-on cramping during ovulation. But most often, says White, it feels “dull and achy, just like menstrual cramps.” Some women may also notice vaginal spotting or discharge in conjunction with the pain.

Ovulation cramps vs. implantation cramps

If you’re trying to conceive, you might be keeping tabs on any sign of implantation cramping, a sign of pregnancy. The difference between ovulation cramps vs. implantation cramps is a matter of timing. “Ovulation cramping happens about 14 days before you would start your period, which would be day 14 if your cycle is 28 days,” White explains. But with implantation cramping—which happens when a fertilized egg, traveling from the fallopian tube, burrows into the uterine lining—you’d feel it about a week later, usually around day 20 to 22 if your cycle is 28 days long.

Can ovulation cause other types of pain?

It’s quite possible you’ll feel achy in other parts of your body during ovulation. Here’s a breakdown of some other types of ovulation pain that extend beyond your pelvic area.

• Breast and nipple pain during ovulation. This type of pain can’t be blamed on the physical occurrence of ovulation directly. That’s because ovulation pain happens because the egg is leaving the follicle, so it’s isolated to the pelvic area, explains Kameelah Phillips, MD, IBCLC, founder of Calla Women’s Health in New York City. Rather, women may feel nipple and breast pain during ovulation due to the hormones your body releases at this time.

• Back pain during ovulation. It’s not your imagination: ovulation can trigger back pain. “Ovulation results in a small amount of blood in the pelvis,” says Phillips. This may lead to irritation, which in turn can “radiate to the back.”

• Painful sex during ovulation. The small amount of blood released during ovulation can settle in the lower pelvis, says Phillips. This may irritate the surrounding tissue, which becomes particularly noticeable during intercourse.

Severe ovulation pain

Typically ovulation pain isn’t serious enough that you’d need to see a doctor. “But if the pain comes every month and is severe, and you’re not currently trying for pregnancy, it can be prevented,” says White. This is typically accomplished with hormonal contraception, which stops ovulation.

How Long Does Ovulation Pain Last?

Just as the symptoms of ovulation pain can vary from person to person, the duration of ovulation pain also depends on the individual. Pain during ovulation can last anywhere from a few minutes to one or two days. Typically, though, it disappears within just a few hours and “it shouldn’t impact your activities of daily living,” Phillips says.

That said, if your ovulation pain is sticking around much longer than you typically experience, it may be smart to check in with your doctor.

Ovulation Pain and Pregnancy Success

Some women might think that ovulation pain has a direct connection to their chances of getting pregnant, but this isn’t necessarily the case. “Ovulation pain may be an indicator that you ovulated that month, which is necessary for pregnancy to happen, but the pain itself shouldn’t affect your fertility or chance of pregnancy,” White says.

While monitoring ovulation pain can be helpful in terms of fertility tracking, keeping tabs on your basal body temperature and changes in cervical mucus is a better bet. “Ovulation pain is not reliable; people who get this pain may not get it every month, so it’s not helpful for predicting a fertile period,” White says. Ovulation pain can also be confused with other kinds of pain—for instance, digestive cramping, which isn’t at all related to your cycle.

What’s more, even if the pain is indicative of ovulation, it’s tough to get the timing right. Exactly how long after ovulation pain is the egg released is a mystery that doctors haven’t figured out. “It’s unclear if the pain occurs at the very moment an egg is released, or if it occurs sometime before or after,” White says. This may mean that if you time your intercourse based on when you feel ovulation pain, you run a risk of trying to conceive too early or too late.

How to Find Ovulation Pain Relief

You can usually ease ovulation pain with the same remedies that you’d use during your periods, White explains. This includes “heat in all its forms,” she says. “A hot bath or shower, or a heating pad or pack, can be very comforting.” Placing heat on your pelvic area relaxes the muscles and leads to less pain from cramping during ovulation.

If the pain is the longer-lasting sort (several hours or a couple of days), ibuprofen or naproxen may be most helpful, or you can consider acetaminophen (Tylenol), White advises. But if severe ovulation pain persists, contact your doctor.

When to Call Your Doctor About Ovulation Pain

Typically, pain during ovulation is nothing to worry about and can be eased with home remedies. But some cases may warrant a closer look, White says, just to make sure it’s not related to a more serious condition, such as pelvic inflammatory disease, an ectopic pregnancy, a ruptured ovarian cyst or even appendicitis. So call your doctor if the pain:

• Feels more severe than you would usually expect
• Lasts longer than normal
• Doesn’t improve with an over-the-counter medication, such as ibuprofen
• Is associated with nausea, fever and vomiting
• Comes with lightheadedness or dizziness

Katharine O’Connell White, MD, is an ob-gyn and the vice chair of academics in the department of ob-gyn at Boston Medical Center. She also serves as an associate professor of ob-gyn at the Boston University School of Medicine. White received her medical degree from the University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey.

Kameelah Phillips, MD, is an ob-gyn in New York City and founder of Calla Women’s Health, her private practice. She received her medical degree from the University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine in Los Angeles. She is also a member of the International Board of Lactation Consultants and is especially interested in the areas of prenatal care, lactation, sexual health and menopause.

Please note: The Bump and the materials and information it contains are not intended to, and do not constitute, medical or other health advice or diagnosis and should not be used as such. You should always consult with a qualified physician or health professional about your specific circumstances.

Plus, more from The Bump:

Ovulation Symptoms: 7 Signs of Ovulation

8 Signs of Fertility to Look for Each Month

Is It Normal to Experience Ovulation Pain?

Up to 50% of women will experience ovulation pain at least once in their lives. Some women—about 20%—get ovulation cramps every month. Generally speaking, this is normal.

Severe pain, however, is not. Intense or prolonged pelvic pain may be a symptom of endometriosis or pelvic inflammatory disease. If the pain prevents you from having sex or going about your daily life, this is also not normal.

Sometimes, the aches you experience have nothing to do with ovulation. What could be causing ovulation pain in these cases?

Illustration by Cindy Chung, Verywell

What is Ovulation Pain?

Another term for ovulation pain is mittelschmerz. This is German for “middle pain.”

Ovulation pain doesn’t necessarily occur at the exact moment the egg is released from the ovary. It may occur a few days before or after ovulation. 

What Does Ovulation Pain Feel Like?

Most experience a dull, achy feeling that lasts for a few hours or even over a couple of days. Other women experience a sudden, sharp pain, lasting just a moment.

Though the pain is typically mild, it has been known to land some women in the emergency room for suspected appendicitis—though such a severe reaction is rare.

You may notice that the pain is more frequent on one side versus the other. While you may have been taught that the ovaries “take turns ovulating,” this isn’t true. It’s normal for one side to ovulate more often than the other.

What Causes Ovulation Pain?

No one is sure what causes ovulation pain, but there are a few theories.

• Swelling or rupturing of a follicle on the ovary. This releases some extra fluid, which may lead to a dull ache.
• The egg itself, bursting out of the follicle can cause the sharp, sudden pain some women feel.
• Spasms of the fallopian tubes or uterus as ovulation approaches.

What Causes Severe Ovulation Pain?

Endometriosis can cause pelvic pain at any time, but it can be quite severe during your menstrual cycle and near ovulation. Some women with endometriosis experience such bad pain before and during ovulation that they can’t have sex comfortably, which makes timing sex for pregnancy difficult.

Endometriosis isn’t the only possible cause of abnormal cramping around ovulation, though. For example:

• Infection of the fallopian tubes can lead to intense ovulation pain
• Fibroids and ovarian cysts can cause mid-cycle aches
• Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, which usually occurs in women taking some fertility drugs, can cause severe pelvic pain

Ovulation Pain and Pregnancy Planning

Some research suggests that ovulation pain can actually signal ovulation. One study found that it came on the same day that the luteinizing hormone (LH) peaked. LH is the hormone detected by ovulation predictor kits. It peaks during your most fertile time, just before you ovulate.

However, another study used ultrasound technology to connect mid-cycle cramps to actual ovulation and discovered that ovulation occurred a couple of days after women reported the side pain. This would make ovulation pain a less than ideal way to time sex for pregnancy since you need to have sex before and not after ovulation.

Although it could be a symptom indicating ovulation is imminent, it’s probably best not to rely on ovulation pain as a primary way to detect your fertile window.

Ovulation Pain vs. Implantation Cramps

Some women report cramps during the time of embryo implantation. Embryo implantation takes place a few days to a week after ovulation, so it is not the same as ovulation pain.

Certainly, women feeling cramps are experiencing real pain, but whether this pain is embryo implantation, ovulation, or something else is difficult to discern.

How to Treat Ovulation Pain?

Some women will only have ovulation pain in a quick, burst of sharp pain. It hurts! But then it’s gone. Other women, however, may experience longer-lasting discomfort.

The first thing most people think of doing when they have pain is to take an over-the-counter pain reliever, like ibuprofen or acetaminophen. That is one option for ovulation pain.

However, some small studies have found a possible connection between common pain relievers and an increased time to pregnancy, specifically with naproxen and ibuprofen. Other studies have found no such connection.

It’s also difficult in these studies to separate causes of pain that can also impact fertility. For example, endometriosis can cause pain—including pain around the time of ovulation—and infertility. Women with endometriosis are much more likely to take pain relievers. But how can we know if it’s the endometriosis or the medication that is delaying pregnancy? It’s very unclear.

If you want to take a pain reliever, acetaminophen has the least evidence of any effect on fertility.

If you want to avoid taking any pain relievers while trying to conceive, remedies that are good for menstrual cramps can help with ovulation pain. Consider a warm bath, rest, or a heating pad.

When to Call Your Doctor

It’s tempting to just hope that pain will go away, but severe pain—at any time of the month—should be checked out. You should contact your doctor right away if:

• Your pain is severe
• You’re vomiting or having severe diarrhea
• You’re having trouble breathing

You may be confusing “ovulation pain” for something more serious like appendicitis or other abdominal issues. The trip to the doctor may seem like a hassle, but it’s well worth it.

A Word From Verywell

Ovulation pain can be normal. However, if your ovulation pain is not especially severe but interferes with your daily life or causes pain during sexual intercourse, you should make an appointment with your doctor as well. He can help you pinpoint a cause and offer solutions to improve your relationships and day-to-day quality of life.

Ovulation Pain – Is It Normal To Have Ovulation Cramps

Katie BuckleitnerGetty Images

You know that joke, usually used when you feel something super specific that doesn’t seem to have a name, that goes, what’s the German word for _____? For ovulation cramps, that joke holds up.

Referred to in the medical community as mittelschermz — German for “middle pain,” how appropriate! — ovulation cramps are the pain some people feel mid-way through the menstrual cycle, at the approximate time of ovulation. According to Dr. Rebecca Brightman, an ob-gyn in New York City, it’s an extremely common diagnosis. Here’s everything you need to know about the second set of cramps no one asked for.

What causes ovulation pain

Like… literally so many women’s health issues, experts haven’t figured out the exact cause of mittelschermz, according to Mayo Clinic. But there are some theories related to what all is taking place in the uterus and ovaries during ovulation that may explain it.

As Brightman explained, during ovulation, a follicle in one of your ovaries ruptures and releases an egg. The follicles are filled with fluid and reach their largest diameter just before ovulation. Brightman hypothesizes that the fluid in those follicles can cause a bit of irritation, producing cramp-like pain in the middle of your menstrual cycle (or about two weeks before your next period).

Another theory is related to the growth of the follicle, like Brightman mentioned. The growth of your follicle may stretch the surface of your ovary, which would also cause pain.

The important takeaway is that it’s only mittelschmerz if it’s happening in the middle of your cycle. Cramping unrelated to ovulation is something different, and if you experience cramps at random times throughout your cycle regularly, you should discuss that with your doctor.

What does ovulation pain feel like?

It feels a whole lot like period cramps, but slightly different. You’ll feel that same, distinctly period cramp-y dull feeling in your lower abdomen, but Brightman said you may only feel it on one side. Some women say they feel this in their lower back more than in their lower abdomen, and Brightman said that’s totally normal — everyone’s symptoms are different.

Brightman said other symptoms are normal, too. You may feel slight bloating in your lower abdomen and even experience a bit of vaginal bleeding or discharge. What’s important is that all of this should resolve within two days, tops. If it persists longer, or is too painful for an over-the-counter NSAID like ibuprofen to handle, mention it to your doctor.

You should be able ease ovulation pain in the same way you deal with period cramps: Ibuprofen, heating pads, drinking lots of water, and muscling your way through it. The good news with these cramps is that they’re typically less severe than period cramps, and don’t last for nearly as long.

What isn’t normal

Again, ovulation pain that lasts for more than two days or is severe and debilitating is worth talking to your doctor about. That could be a sign of any number of pelvic pain disorders, from polycystic ovarian syndrome to endometriosis.

The same goes for non-period and non-ovulation cramping. Besides, do you want to experience an inordinate amount of cramping if you don’t have to? Of COURSE not. The best thing you can do in any and all circumstances is talk to you doctor to see if something painful that feels normal to you is not actually normal, and can therefore potentially be fixed.

Life with a period is hard enough as it is. Don’t make it even harder by dealing with extra pain!

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90,000 What Are Ovulation Symptoms – Fertility Road Magazine

– Advertising –

In today’s post, we will share some of the main symptoms of ovulation.

1. What is ovulation?
2. When do you ovulate?
3. The 3 main symptoms of ovulation
4. Some ovulation symptoms to watch out for
5. Will every woman have the same ovulation symptoms ?
6. Watch this video: Ovulation Symptoms: How To Know You Are Ovulating
7. Can Understanding Ovulation Symptoms Help You Conceive?
8. Are headaches a sign of ovulation?
9. What are the signs of ovulation?
10. Can ovulation cause nausea
11. How long does nausea last?

Ovulation usually occurs in the middle of the menstrual cycle.You are most fertile during the three days before ovulation. It can sometimes be difficult to tell when you are ovulating. To understand this, you can monitor general ovulation symptoms such as changes in basal body temperature, cervical mucus, and cervix.

What is ovulation?

Ovulation is when you release an egg from one of your ovaries. From the five days before ovulation to the day of ovulation, you are potentially fertile. But your chances of getting pregnant are highest if you have sex in the last three days of this six-day window.

When do you ovulate?

Usually ovulation occurs in the middle of the menstrual cycle. If you have an average cycle of 28 days, ovulation is possible around day 14. However, the length of a normal cycle can range from 21 to 35 days. Some women ovulate on about the same day of each cycle, but for others, timing is difficult.

Learning to identify and track ovulation symptoms can help you plan when to have sex if you want to get pregnant.

3 main symptoms of ovulation

Almost all women have three symptoms of ovulation:

1. Changes in basal body temperature (BBT). BBT is the lowest body temperature in 24 hours. The day after ovulation, your BBT will rise 0.5-1.0 degrees Fahrenheit and remain elevated until your next period.
2. Changes in cervical mucus. Cervical mucus is a vaginal discharge that is sometimes found in underwear. In the days before ovulation and immediately after ovulation, you may notice an increase in cervical mucus and a change in its texture.
3. Changes in the cervix. During ovulation, the cervix is ​​softer, taller, wetter, and open.

The following symptoms are not as common or as consistent as those described above, so you may have all, some, or none of them. These may include:

1. Breast tenderness
2. Mild abdominal cramps or cramps or one-sided back pain, known as mittelschmerz (German for “moderate pain”).
3. Very light spotting (vaginal bleeding or discharge that may occur when an egg is released)
4. Increased sense of smell
5. Increased sex drive (some women say they feel sexy, flirtatious, sociable, and more physically attractive)
6. Changes in appetite or mood
7. Liquid retention

Changes in basal body temperature – Your basal body temperature (BBT) is the lowest temperature since sleep.BBT rises slightly after ovulation and remains elevated for about 10 days.

Cervical fluid indicators – During ovulation, you may have more moist cervical fluid (also known as cervical mucus), and cervical fluid often changes just before and during ovulation and resembles egg white.

Changes in the cervix. Aside from the changes in cervical fluid, you can also expect your cervix to become softer, more moist, and more open before ovulation.

What ovulation symptoms should you look out for?

• Bloating
• Cramps on only one side of your pelvis
• Increased libido
• Headaches
• Mild nausea
• Bloating
• Tender chest
• Increased senses such as vision, taste or smell

Pain

Many women experience various secondary ovulation symptoms, but these may be inconsistent throughout a woman’s life.

Approximately every 28 days, one mature egg is released from the ovary. This is called ovulation.

After the egg is released, it moves into the fallopian tube, where it remains for about 24 hours. If the egg is not fertilized during this time, the egg will disintegrate (disintegrate) and your period (your period) will start after 2 weeks.

Watch this video: Ovulation Symptoms: How to Know When You Are Ovulating

Will every woman have the same ovulation symptoms?

Not every woman will have ovulation symptoms.Symptoms can also vary from woman to woman and at different stages in life. Therefore, it is best to use these methods in conjunction with an ovulation calendar if you are truly determined to get pregnant.

Your cervix is ​​the cervix of your uterus (uterus) and you can feel it in your vagina. As you approach ovulation, your cervix becomes soft, high, open and moist (SHOW).

After ovulation, these signs change and the cervix becomes hard, low, closed and dry.

Can understanding ovulation symptoms help you conceive?

Having sex in the three days leading up to ovulation, including the day of ovulation, will greatly increase your chances of getting pregnant. These are the most fruitful ovulation days during your menstrual cycle.

Ovulation symptoms – how do you know when you are most fertile? 1

Are headaches a sign of ovulation?

During the second half of your menstrual cycle, you may experience a number of symptoms.This period of time after ovulation and before bleeding begins can cause headaches, fatigue, and nausea. … Common cramps and headaches can also cause nausea and general malaise.

Therefore, if you haven’t tracked your cycle or paid enough attention to your body, you should consider starting this process. The sooner you get used to your body cycle and ovulation signs, the better your chances of conceiving.

What are the signs of ovulation?

Free Yourself National Health Service The site states that ovulation is when an egg is released from one of your ovaries.

There are also several ways to exercise during ovulation that can improve your chances of pregnancy.

Ovulatory syndrome, symptoms – Clinic Health 365, Yekaterinburg

Ovulatory syndrome, causes

Ovulatory syndrome, treatment

If you sometimes experience lower abdominal pain and do not understand why it occurs, start tracking when exactly the pain appears. If pain occurs in the middle of the cycle, about 14 days before the start of the next menstruation, you most likely have ovulatory syndrome or “Mittelschmerz”, which means “average pain” in German, that is, pain in the middle of the cycle (during ovulation ).

In most cases of ovulatory syndrome, treatment is not required. For mild discomfort, over-the-counter pain relievers and home treatments can help. If the pain is very worrying, your doctor may prescribe birth control pills.

Symptoms of the ovulatory syndrome.

The main symptom of ovulatory syndrome is a feeling of discomfort or characteristic one-sided pain in the lower abdomen. Pain can come from different angles every month.It is also possible that the pain will occur in the same place for several months in a row. The pain is localized on the side where ovulation occurred.

The pain usually lasts from several minutes to several hours, but may also not go away for several days. With ovulatory syndrome, the following may occur:

• Dull pain as from spasms;
• Sharp, sudden pain;
• Pain with moderate vaginal bleeding or discharge;
• Intense pain (in rare cases).

If you regularly write down where and when pain occurs, it will be easier to diagnose ovulatory syndrome. Track changes during your menstrual cycle over several months and record when pain occurs. If pain occurs in the middle of the cycle and goes away on its own, then you most likely have ovulatory syndrome.

When to see a doctor?

In most cases of ovulatory syndrome, medical intervention is not required.However, you should contact your doctor if the pain in the lower abdomen becomes severe, is accompanied by nausea or fever, or does not go away – all of these factors indicate the presence of a more serious medical condition, such as appendicitis, pelvic inflammatory disease, and even ectopic pregnancy …

For more information about the ovulatory syndrome, you can get from the gynecologists of the clinic “Health 365” in Yekaterinburg.

Magnesium and PMS

Even calm and collected women, who meet all the troubles of life with a fighting spirit, give up before the onset of “these days”.Of course, it is much more difficult to cope with the moments when your own body turns against you. It becomes difficult to control your mood, you want to lash out at others for no reason, in addition to all this, all this is accompanied by severe pain.

It is believed that such a state before menstruation is a natural reaction of the female body to changes taking place in it. Doctors often do not show much concern when they are approached with such a problem.Their recommendations usually boil down to advice on how to relieve pain with herbal tea, pain relievers, or specific exercise. But the causes of a severe condition during PMS are not always natural for the body. If, before the onset of menstruation, the mood seriously deteriorates, the woman feels tired, despite healthy sleep and proper nutrition, feelings of anxiety and irritability appear, cramps in the calves and pulling pain in the lower abdomen are disturbed – most likely, the reason lies in a lack of magnesium.

It has been scientifically proven that a lack of magnesium in the body can be a catalyst for the development of premenstrual syndrome. It is on magnesium that muscle relaxation depends, since it controls their contraction. Magnesium directly affects mood, anxiety, irritability and stress. Therefore, its deficiency in the female body leads to similar physiological disorders and to a change in the psychological state.

In addition, in the second phase of the cycle, the production of the hormone aldosterone increases, which causes a delay in the movement of fluid through the body, and in conditions of magnesium deficiency, this leads to edema, engorgement and soreness of the mammary glands and weight gain.

For women experiencing the above problems during PMS, it is recommended to take magnesium preparations, in an amount of 500-600 mg per day, and such vitamins as:

vitamin C at least 500 mg per day

B vitamins, preferably their complex: B1, B2, B6, B9, B12

vitamin E 200-400 mcg per day from 18th to 3rd day of the menstrual cycle

It is advisable to start taking in the second phase of the cycle (from the moment of ovulation to 1 day of menstruation). Also, don’t forget to take your vitamin D daily.

Our health and well-being depends only on ourselves, on how attentive we are to our body. Therefore, dear girls and women, do not forget to take care of yourself!

WHAT IS HAPPENING IN YOUR BODY? – clinic “Dobrobut”

On which days are you most likely to get pregnant, and on which days should you be prepared for unexpected changes in mood and well-being? The answers to all these questions will provide insight into what is happening in your body during each menstrual cycle.

From menstruation to menstruation

The menstrual cycle is a series of cyclical changes that occur in the body of a woman of fertile age, determining the readiness for a possible pregnancy. About once a month, the inner walls of the uterus are covered with a soft, porous tissue (endometrium), which has the ability to retain a fertilized egg. If fertilization does not occur and pregnancy does not occur, the outer layers of the endometrium are rejected and released outward, causing bleeding – this is menstruation.This cycle repeats over and over again. Monthly menstrual bleeding (also called menstruation or menstrual period) becomes the norm for every healthy woman from early adolescence (from puberty) to about 50, when the childbearing period ends and menopause occurs.

The menstrual cycle is calculated from the first day of menstrual bleeding (1st day) to the first day of the next menstrual bleeding. Although the average menstrual cycle is 28 days, it is perfectly normal for your cycle to be shorter or longer.For some women, the menstrual cycle is erratic and changes in duration each time. This is not always a deviation from the norm and should not be a cause for concern (if at the same time you feel quite healthy), but you should consult with your gynecologist on this issue.

Dependence of the duration of the menstrual cycle on the woman’s age:

• Menstrual cycles in adolescents can be much longer (up to 45 days) – within a few years their duration will be reduced.
• Between the ages of 25 and 35, most healthy women have regular menstrual cycles, mostly lasting 21 to 35 days.
• Around the age of 40 to 42, a woman tends to have the shortest and most frequent menstrual cycles.
• In the next 8 – 10 years, at about the age of 42 to 50 years, a woman’s menstrual cycles become much longer, less regular – until the cessation of menstruation and the onset of menopause.
• Three phases of the menstrual cycle

The phases of the menstrual cycle are determined by the level of special hormones: follicle-stimulating hormone, estrogen, luteinizing hormone and progesterone. The main and defining changes in a woman’s body during the menstrual cycle concern the ovaries and endometrium. According to the functioning of the ovaries, for each menstrual cycle, the follicular, ovulatory and luteal phases are distinguished, and according to the endometrium, the menstrual, proliferative and secretory phases.And now about all these complex terms – clear and simple.

Menstrual period

On the first day of the menstrual cycle (with the onset of menstruation), the outer functional layers of the endometrium – soft porous tissue that covers the inner walls of the uterus – are separated and rejected, which is accompanied by bleeding. Typically, in a healthy woman, menstruation can last from 5 to 7 days. No matter how abundant bloody discharge may seem to you these days, in fact, a woman loses no more than 25-30 cubic meters of blood during menstruation.see. To it is also attached the secret of the glands of the mucous membrane of the uterus – thanks to this secret and the enzymes that it contains, menstrual blood does not clot. You need to be aware of this, since blood clots in menstrual flow may indicate uterine bleeding or other pathologies, so in this case, you should definitely consult a gynecologist.

The most abundant spotting is possible in the first three days of menstruation. On these days, you may feel painful cramps in the lower abdomen, as well as pain in the pelvic joints, legs, and back.Even mild to severe seizures are possible. Lower abdominal pain is caused by spasms of the walls of the uterus, which contribute to endometrial rejection. Any manifestations of PMS (premenstrual syndrome), which somewhat complicated your life in the last days before the onset of menstruation, will disappear already in the first days of the menstrual cycle.

Follicular phase

The follicular phase can last from 7 to 22 days, but the average fertile age in a healthy woman is 14 days. At this time, the final maturation of the dominant follicle occurs in the ovary, in which the egg cell is formed.As a rule, with each menstrual cycle, one mature egg is formed and released in a woman (but there are exceptions – proof of this is a multiple double pregnancy). At the same time, a layer of new endometrium (proliferative phase) grows inside the uterus – the woman’s body prepares for a possible pregnancy.

The last five days of the follicular phase plus the day of ovulation is the period of fertilization. That is, if these days you have unprotected intercourse, you will most likely become pregnant.This is necessary to know both for those women who want to have a child, and for those for whom pregnancy is bored.

Ovulatory phase

Throughout the follicular phase, a dominant follicle called the Graaf follicle is identified and continues to grow. When it reaches maturity, the ovulatory phase begins, which lasts about three days. During this short phase of the menstrual cycle, for 36-48 hours, several waves of luteinizing hormone release occur in a woman’s body – due to its sharp increase in plasma, the development of the Graaf follicle is completed, its walls break and release a mature egg (actually ovulation).

During ovulation, some women experience mild bleeding, pain or discomfort in the lower abdomen – these signs of ovulation are usually normal, but you still need to tell your gynecologist about them.

Luteal (premenstrual) phase

This phase begins on the day of ovulation – the day when a mature egg is released from the dominant follicle. This can happen anytime between the 7th and 22nd days of a healthy woman’s normal menstrual cycle.The luteal phase lasts until the onset of the next menstrual bleeding, usually 13-16 days. If the egg is fertilized, the uterus prepares for its implantation in the endometrial tissue and pregnancy begins. The term of such a pregnancy is calculated from the 1st day of this menstrual cycle (not from the day of ovulation or probable fertilization – so many expectant mothers mistakenly believe).

According to the complex processes inside your body, the so-called yellow body corresponds the other day – the Graaf follicle, from which the egg came out, has been changed.Luteal pigment accumulates in its cells, due to which it acquires a yellow color. The corpus luteum secretes hormones: progesterone, estradiol and androgens. It is for the high level of progesterone and estrogen that changes occur in the outer layers of the endometrium, which begins to secrete and prepare for implantation of a fertilized egg (secretory phase). With the onset of pregnancy, the corpus luteum will continue to produce progesterone until the placenta develops in the uterus – in the future, it will independently produce a sufficient amount of estrogen and progesterone.

If the egg is not fertilized and pregnancy does not occur, the level of progesterone and estrogen gradually decreases, the outer layers of the endometrium begin to collapse and after a few days are rejected by the walls of the uterus, causing another menstruation. A new menstrual cycle begins.

Many women experience various unpleasant premenstrual symptoms during all or part of the luteal phase. This phenomenon is called premenstrual syndrome – PMS.You may feel stressed, irritated, or overly emotional and vulnerable. It is also normal to make yourself feel very tired and lose energy. Among the physiological manifestations of premenstrual syndrome, the most common are edema, tenderness and pain in the chest, and the appearance of acne on the skin. The day (or more) before your next period starts, you may have cramps in your abdomen, back, or legs. Some women experience PMS with headache, diarrhea or constipation, nausea, dizziness, and even fainting.

If premenstrual symptoms complicate your usual life, consult your gynecologist about the possibilities of controlling the manifestations of PMS.

The author of the article is an obstetrician-gynecologist, ultrasound doctor: Kondrashova Irina Viktorovna

Causes of the problem of premature ejaculation in men | Treatment of premature ejaculation (ejaculation) in the urology clinic MGMSU

Ejaculation is a complex physiological process that combines two processes – emission and ejaculation itself. The emission phase is the result of a reflex response from the nervous system (and reflexes, if you remember, depend on our will to a very limited extent).

This occurs after erotic stimulation (visual or direct contact). In the emission phase, sperm is released into the urethral lumen due to the contraction of the vas deferens, seminal vesicles and prostate. While the sensation of approaching ejaculation increases, the capacity for volitional control decreases progressively, reaching a certain point where ejaculation cannot be stopped.

Immediately after the emission, is followed by the expulsion phase – also the result of the unconditional, i.e. not amenable to volitional control , reflex. In this phase, the internal sphincter of the urinary bladder is closed in order to prevent the reverse flow of semen. After that, the external sphincter opens and sperm is thrown out due to the contraction of the pelvic floor muscles.

If you dig even deeper, then at the biochemical level, ejaculation is an even more complex process.I do not urge you to memorize these complex names, I will designate them only so that you can imagine how difficult it is even for a very competent doctor to understand why this or that man has this problem.

So, the participants in the process: norepinephrine, serotonin, gamma-amino-butyric acid, nitric oxide. Increased levels of estrogen hormones (they are also called “female”, although a certain amount of estrogen should be in men) or decreased levels of testosterone – the main male hormone – can cause ejaculation disorders.If a man is out of order with the thyroid gland, then this, as a rule, leads to problems in the sexual sphere. If the amount of thyroid hormones is elevated, there may be premature ejaculation (PE). If reduced, then, as a rule, the process of erection is disrupted.

Now judge for yourself – is it simple, difficult to treat premature ejaculation …

Is it premature when?

Indeed, what is considered premature ejaculation? After all, even an hour is not enough for someone, but for many, three minutes is enough.in the medical literature, you can find several different definitions of what is “premature ejaculation”.

For example, in 1943 Schapiro B. proposed to divide PE into primary and secondary (acquired).

Primary is when PE occurs within the first 30 seconds – 2 minutes with every or almost every sexual intercourse, and from the very beginning of sexual activity. Secondary PE occurs after several years of normal sexual activity, and, as a rule, can be associated with the following reasons:

• Psychological problems (in this case, one partner is normal, on the other – nothing works)
• Erectile dysfunction
• Prostatitis
• Diseases of the thyroid gland, accompanied by an increase in its function (according to the “scientific” – hyperthyroidism)
• Testosterone deficiency
• Taking medications or psychoactive substances that interfere with the ejaculation process (for example, marijuana).

In August 2007, experts from the International Society for Sexual Medicine, based on the generalization of numerous observations, came to an agreement that premature ejaculation should be called “sexual dysfunction in men, in which ejaculation occurs within the first minute after vaginal penetration, as well as the inability to delay ejaculation during time in all or almost all cases, accompanied by such negative emotional reactions as stress, anxiety, frustration and avoidance of sexual relations. “

How often do men have problems with ejaculation?

Some time ago in the USA, Germany and Italy, more than twelve thousand men from 18 to 70 years old were interviewed, and it turned out that premature ejaculation is a problem of almost every fourth! (more precisely, it occurs in 22.7% of men).

As it turned out, men who experience problems with ejaculation more often than others complain of erectile dysfunction, decreased sex drive, depression, anxiety, orgasm disorders.At the same time, only every tenth went to the doctor, and of those who tried to be treated, more than 90% are not satisfied with the results.

What is the most common age for having problems with ejaculation?

According to a survey of a large number (more precisely – 12 thousand. 133) men – in any. From young to old. Only in the age group from 18 to 24 years of age there are slightly fewer men with PE (scientifically speaking, statistically significantly less).

Does it matter: married or single?

It turns out that it does.In married men (or living in couples), PE is more common, but only by 7%. But married people live longer …

Does lifestyle affect PE?

If you play sports (meaning regular physical education, not exhausting professional sports) only a few times a month or less, then the chances of “quick sex” increase.
This implies the following pattern: the less physical activity, the more adipose tissue, and the more you weigh (meaning overweight), the worse for sexual function.

Smokers are also much more likely to condemn themselves to PE.

Some time ago I had a chance to communicate with a colleague from the Netherlands. He informed me that there is just an epidemic of premature ejaculation in his country. As you know, smoking is prohibited in Holland, but “soft” drugs are allowed there. Marijuana is one of the worst enemies of manhood.

Draw conclusions: you need to start with yourself, with a change in lifestyle.
Just in case, I remind you of the ideal weight formula: height in cm minus 100.

Is there a connection between BPH and PE?

Statistics tell us no. So do not look for a black cat in a dark room where she is not.

Erectile dysfunction and premature ejaculation: different problems or one whole?

Again, let’s turn to statistics: in men with PE, erectile dysfunction occurs 3 times more often than in those who are subject to long-term sex …
Accordingly, if you have risk factors for erectile dysfunction, namely: high cholesterol, overweight, high blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, you are more likely to develop PE.

Hence the following lesson: do not allow the development of erectile dysfunction, and if this happens, then you first need to treat ED, not PE …

How to start treatment for PE?

I think we have already partially answered this question (see previous answers). To summarize the above, a number of simple tips can be given:

• Answer yourself to the question: at what point in your life have you noticed that the process has become shorter? If right away, then, most likely, you need a sex therapist (or a psychologist who knows sexual problems).But still, this does not exclude everything that relates to secondary or acquired PE.
• If PE is secondary, i.e. did not appear immediately, but after some experience of normal sex, then ask yourself this question: what became wrong in my life? Maybe it’s a relationship with a partner? Or have you gained weight and are sedentary? How many cigarettes do you smoke? In case of positive answers, do not rush to look for miracle cures – change your lifestyle.
• If all of the above does not apply to you, or you have eliminated all risk factors, then proceed to the next stage – examination and examination by a doctor.Here, unfortunately, it is very important what kind of doctor will be. If literate – the chances of prolonging the same sexual intercourse increase. If he promises to save you from PE, but at the same time will fool your head with expensive and unnecessary examinations and treatment regimens – think about it, maybe you need another doctor …
• In addition to a general examination and a special one (examination of the genitals, prostate), a number of laboratory tests are required, primarily hormonal ones (which hormones you need to take, you can read in paragraph 2 of our article).Advice: better let the doctor prescribe tests. In my experience, patients themselves go to different laboratories, and either they pass the wrong tests, or in the wrong laboratories.
• The last step – the actual treatment or pills …

Are there drugs for the treatment of PE?

If it’s not difficult for you, go back to point # 1 and pay attention to the “participants” in the ejaculation process. The main actor is serotonin, its lack is the main cause of PE.

Therefore, the most effective means in the treatment of PE is the use of drugs from the group of antidepressants, namely the group of “selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors” – SSRIs, which increase the concentration of this hormone.As a result, the moment of onset of ejaculation is delayed. These are drugs such as paroxetine, dapoxetine, sertraline, but they are sold strictly according to the doctor’s prescription, I strongly advise against using them on your own.

Once again, I draw your attention, if there are problems with erection, then you need to start with this. It is only very important to remember: there are medications for the treatment of ED, and there are biologically active additives (dietary supplements). The dietary supplements are not worth your attention!

It is necessary to be treated with normal, proven drugs.The first line of treatment for ED today is type 5 phosphodiesterase inhibitors. They increase blood flow to the penis, causing a full erection.

If you come back to point # 1, you will notice that another important “participant” in the ejaculation process is nitric oxide. This substance with a simple formula (NO) is perhaps the most necessary for “masculine strength”. It is thanks to him, in the end, that the penis is filled with blood and an erection occurs.

Levitra increases the concentration of nitric oxide in the vessels, which causes them to expand.
There are a number of contraindications to the drug, it is better to consult a doctor first.

Is it necessary and possible to take phosphodiesterase inhibiots, if everything is in order with an erection, and ejaculation is premature?

PE is not an indication for type 5 phosphodiesterase inhibitors, but it’s worth a try anyway. Why? It has been noticed that hypererection contributes to the delay of ejaculation.

If the examination reveals that testosterone is low?

It is very simple: it is necessary to replenish its supply in the body (BUT ONLY AFTER THE DOCTOR’S CONSULTATION – THERE ARE CONTRAINDICATIONS!).A testosterone preparation has now become available and only needs to be done 4 times a year.

Agree, it’s very convenient. The restoration of testosterone levels is sometimes enough to increase the time to ejaculation.

For details of the appointment, indications and contraindications for testosterone treatment, consult your doctor.

Why are doctors reluctant to prescribe SSRIs?

The fact is that prescribing antidepressants of the group of “selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors – SSRIs” for the treatment of premature ejaculation, doctors use, in fact, their side effect – to delay ejaculation.Premature ejaculation does not appear in the indications for these drugs.

And it is not entirely correct to use the side effect of the drug as the main one (to be honest, it is generally incorrect!). But despite this, the drugs of this group in all Recommendations (for example, the Recommendations of the American Association of Urologists, the European Association of Urologists) are the first line of therapy. This is the case when science and practice go forward, and the paperwork stands still … I am always faced with a dilemma – to break the law or help a patient? Of course, it is possible to justify the appointment of the same paroxetine by the presence of depression in a man, but we mean premature ejaculation.

In addition, I always warn about the possible side effects of antidepressants, including not only nausea and headache, but also such as insomnia (or, conversely, drowsiness), tremors, fatigue, confusion, convulsions, etc. …

But most importantly, these drugs can significantly worsen erection and reduce libido, i.e. cause completely opposite effects! So decide – are you ready to take risks? I hope you understand the seriousness with which you need to approach the decision to take these drugs? Of course, they can and should be prescribed ONLY by a DOCTOR!

What if you still have to take SSRIs?

If your doctor prescribes paroxetine or sertraline, you need to take them regularly, starting with the lowest dose, gradually increasing (how to do this, the doctor will tell you!).As a rule, the course lasts at least 3 months.

Why? The fact is that 3 months is the period after which you will receive a certain effect that will not grow further. For example, the time to ejaculation before starting treatment was 1.5 minutes, and after three months it increased to 3 minutes. This means that there will be only 3 minutes further … the time for which the drug is maximally “capable”. In the future, if there is an effect (and no side effects), SSRIs can be taken once, approximately 6 hours before intercourse.

The undesirable side effects listed in clause 13 can become an obstacle to continuing taking SSRIs. Agree, if you want to sleep, or feel sick, before sex?
But the problem of deterioration of potency against the background of antidepressants will help to solve the same vardenafil. It must be taken with paroxetine or sertraline.

90,000 In early pregnancy, excretion

We all know that scanty periods during pregnancy are simply impossible, if, of course, the pregnancy is real and the bleeding is really menstruation.Strictly speaking, there are no periods during pregnancy, and if there is bleeding, then in medical language they are called completely differently. So where, and for what reason, rarely, but still, there are scanty periods during early pregnancy? These questions will be answered by an obstetrician-gynecologist for pregnancy management.

What is menstruation and what is it for?

To begin with, let us analyze why nature has so interesting and cunningly conceived and “awarded” the best half of humanity with this function, controversial in all respects.But no matter how the women are furious and cursed, the important function of these secretions is recognized and confirmed by everything.
At the very moment a girl slowly but surely turns into a girl, she acquires the ability to conceive, bear and give birth to a healthy baby. Whether everything is in order with these functions, you can understand just by the regularity and stability of the arrival of menstruation. If there are any malfunctions, then this is a signal to pay attention to your health and visit a medical specialist.
In medical terms, menstruation is as follows.During ovulation – the most favorable days for conceiving a baby – an egg matures in the body of every woman, ready for fertilization.

In preparation for pregnancy, she moves through the fallopian tubes into the cavity of the uterus itself in order to gain a foothold there.
In the uterus, active work is also underway to prepare it for bearing a child, the uterine endometrium is compacted, and the place for fixing a fertilized egg is being prepared.

If the long-awaited conception does not occur, then the empty egg and the excess, “spare” cell layer are torn away from the walls of the uterus and are taken out in the form of menstruation.
From all of the above, it becomes clear that during pregnancy there should be no menstruation, the anchored egg is perfectly arranged, fixed and begins to grow and develop.

But with all this, it is not uncommon for pregnant women to observe bleeding, very reminiscent of menstruation, especially in the early stages of pregnancy. Let’s figure this out.

Causes of menstruation during pregnancy

Among the reasons most often called by doctors why there are periods during pregnancy, the following are distinguished:

• Ectopic pregnancy.In this case, the fertilized egg is not attached to the wall of the uterus, but, for example, in the cervix, or fallopian tube, or peritoneum. This does not lead to anything good, it is treated by an operable way. At the same time, the nature of the bleeding is very different from the standard menstruation, and you can immediately easily recognize that something is wrong. The color of the flowing blood is dark brown, and the discharge itself is accompanied by severe pulling or cutting pains in the lower abdomen. In some cases, a high temperature may rise, women become very weak, even fainting is possible.Ectopic pregnancy is very serious, a visit to the gynecologist is required.

• Late ovulation . It usually occurs 13 to 15 days after the start of the menstrual cycle. At the same time, doctors consider the duration of the cycle to be 28 days as the average norm. But, of course, everything is highly individual, and deviations from this very norm always take place. So, ovulation can occur on the 24th day, or even later. In this case, the onset of pregnancy may be ahead of the onset of menstruation.It looks like this: the fertilization of the cell has taken place, but it has not yet had time to gain a foothold in the uterus, while menstruation still begins.

• Frozen pregnancy . With her, the embryo for some reason dies in utero. and the same rejection of the fetus occurs. At the same time, the nature of the discharge is quite strong and intense, it will not be possible to write off the usual “daub”. The causes of fetal death can be both genetic abnormalities and hormonal imbalances, as well as various infectious diseases, congenital fetal abnormalities and much more.

• Specific structure of the uterus (two-horned) . A fertilized egg attaches itself to one of the horns, and conception does not occur in the adjacent one at the same time. And it turns out that menstruation passes right during pregnancy.

• Threat of miscarriage . In this case, a pregnant woman has completely atypical bleeding, which may be accompanied by pain. This is a clear signal to visit an obstetrician-gynecologist. At the same time, the discharge can be watery, scanty, or, on the contrary, it can be very abundant with clearly distinguishable clots.These symptoms should never be ignored.

• Pregnancy with multiple fetuses . If one of the eggs was able to attach to the uterine wall, and the other did not have time or for some reason did not take root, then the body simply rejects such an unsuccessful egg, and at this time the so-called menstruation begins.

• Sufficient Aggressive intercourse can also cause bleeding. If the partner was very rude, intentionally or unintentionally, then this may not have the best effect on the condition of the pregnant woman.

• Various diseases of the cervix (erosion or polyps) . It is better to cure all this before pregnancy, but it can be unplanned.

• Incorrect implantation of of the future child’s place, or chorion. If the location of the placenta is low or central, then this can provoke a rather strong and intense bleeding.

Now you know in what cases menstruation occurs during pregnancy, although at some moments it would be simply incorrect to call these secretions menstruation.

Menstruation at different stages of pregnancy

The most interesting thing is that full periods during pregnancy can be the norm only during the first trimester of pregnancy. At a later date, any atypical discharge becomes an indisputable reason to contact your gynecologist and undergo a comprehensive examination.

The doctor will definitely start with an external examination, if necessary, he can prescribe an ultrasound scan, you will also have to take a blood test, and whether it would be desirable to check whether the hormonal background is in order.
If bleeding occurs during the second or third trimester, then it can have the most dire consequences – up to and including a threat to the life of the fetus or mother. Of course, no woman wants such a turn of events, so you need to closely monitor your condition and the type of vaginal discharge.

How to understand which is which?

Above, we talked about the reasons for menstruation during pregnancy, and what they are.But how to distinguish really menstruation, which some people have at the beginning of pregnancy and do not carry anything bad with them, from those secretions that can signal really serious problems?
To do this, you need to listen carefully to your body and be very observant. So, if you have:

• Pinkish or dark brown discharge , which does not last long and is not abundant, this may indicate implantation bleeding.It usually occurs during the first month, and does not have any negative consequences;

• Dark brown discharge with clots . They should already strongly alert the expectant mother. This may be a signal of the beginning of a miscarriage, so we immediately call an ambulance. This is especially necessary if the discharge is accompanied by pain in the lumbar region, cramps, unreasonable chills;

• Discharge with a specific, unpleasant odor . This fact may indicate an infectious lesion of the uterus.This can be very serious, and the presence of such an infection can trigger a miscarriage.

What to do if you see blood?

If uncharacteristic bleeding appears during pregnancy, then you should not think that everything will go away and resolve by itself. If you do not want to harm yourself or your baby, then you must immediately, without delay and without putting it on the back burner, take all possible measures for your safety.

Firstly, if this discharge is not accompanied by any painful sensations, is not abundant and generally does not bring any discomfort, except for the understanding that something is wrong, you just need to make an appointment with your local gynecologist and undergo an examination.Only it can confirm that everything is fine with you and your baby.
Be prepared to ask your doctor about possible causes that may have triggered this discharge. Therefore, be very careful and remember any little thing that could affect your condition and well-being.
If the blood is abundant and has a bright pink or brown color, then you must immediately call an ambulance for urgent hospitalization. If the family has their own car, ask your partner or any other family member to drive you to the nearest hospital where you can go to save.

Immediate hospitalization is also recommended in the case when the discharge is like during menstruation, but accompanied by sharp painful cramps in the abdomen or pulling pain in the lumbar region.

If you do everything on time and do not let the situation take its course, then with a high probability it will be possible to avoid negative consequences, which in the future can greatly spoil your life.

Now you know everything not only about how menstruation goes during pregnancy, but also about the reasons for such non-standard behavior of the female body, as well as about what can be done in an unforeseen situation and how to avoid trouble.Not a single mom wants to harm her baby, even if it has not yet been born.

Therefore, we once again urge you to listen very carefully to yourself and your feelings, to catch any fluctuations in your well-being, not to be afraid to seek advice or help from qualified doctors, and generally to take a responsible attitude towards your health and the health of your unborn child.

About “signs” of a sick liver – Tribune – novini Sum

“A sick liver is a robber for other organs.”Why was this aphorism born in ancient Chinese medicine? And even then it was noticed that liver diseases did not manifest themselves for a long time, disguising themselves as diseases of other organs and even causing them. Another aphorism – “the liver does not complain, the neighbors complain about it.” And, as we will see, not only neighbors, but also very distant organs.

Why did I decide to write about this? It is very painful to feel powerless when a person comes to you with advanced cirrhosis, that is, a fatal stage of liver disease, and you stand petrified when you see the very head of Medusa Gorgon from Greek myths on his stomach, and you realize that there is nothing he can no longer be helped.To your sacramental question “Where have you been before?” the patient shrugging his shoulders in bewilderment: “Nothing hurt like that.”

Nothing hurts. Until the finale. I have had patients whose first complaint (and this cannot be called a complaint in the full sense of the word) was the drilling of additional holes in the trouser belt – the stomach began to grow rapidly. And in women – thoughts of a sudden, rapidly progressing pregnancy – come to the ultrasound of the uterus. Well, if the doctor bothers to move the sensor higher and see a huge liver, spleen and ascitic fluid, but no – “You have no pregnancy”, and that’s it.Once I went three times, they put a “false pregnancy” on her.

It’s good when a “disease hurts” or manifests itself as some other obvious symptom – I wrote about this in an article about optimality.

If, luckily for you, a slight heaviness (not pain!) In the right side, nausea, belching, bloating starts to bother you early, maybe you will go to the doctor. But we do not like to go to doctors for such insignificant reasons – well, overeat, well, he allowed an extra glass – the holidays. I will endure, it will pass.It doesn’t hurt, it’s not so …

And if you do come, it’s not a fact that they will suspect you have something serious with such complaints and anamnesis. They can be with cholecystitis, gastritis, pancreatitis, colitis … – diet, choleretic, enzymes. Unfortunately, not many colleagues are still wary and prescribe an analysis for hepatitis C and B – the main causes of cirrhosis in our country, along with alcohol. And it’s not even a matter of qualifications, although it is, of course. The point is the same insidiousness, the difficulties in diagnosing liver diseases with which I began the article – even for professionals.

Do you know why it is difficult for professionals? Because you will not even go to a family doctor, but to a narrow specialist – a dermatologist, rheumatologist, endocrinologist, nephrologist … even an ophthalmologist! Because the complaints can be specific to these bodies. And the pros, who perfectly know their narrow section, but in 20-30 years (you will go to an experienced specialist with experience) who have pretty much forgotten what they said about the liver at the institute (or did not say), will find YOUR pathology in you, and will treat you.And they are not fools – you really will have pathology of the skin, joints, thyroid gland, kidneys … Only it is caused by liver disease, which slowly progresses (or even accelerates – against the background of side effects of treatment of thyroiditis, nephritis or arthritis) and, moreover, never will cure them – because the root cause remains unrecognized.

This is why the liver is a robber for other organs. I would even say – a saboteur, secretly acting in the rear and causing more damage than a bandit in an open battle.

But she still gives SIGNS that need to be KNOW – both for specialists and for drowning people themselves, because often salvation is in their own hands. That is, to you, unsuspecting. That is why I am writing – I want to tell you. Or remind.

Attention – now there will be a lot of purely medicine, but it will not be enough.

LEATHER. The first thing that catches your eye. Observational.

Everything that suddenly, recently appeared matters. New, which was not.

Rashes. The first thing that comes to mind is allergies.May be. Only (I never tire of repeating to students) allergy is a diagnosis of exclusion. Especially if she’s visiting you for the first time in 40 years. That is, it is necessary to analyze all other possible causes of the appearance of a rash, as one of the symptoms of other diseases, not to start with an allergy, but to end it – if everything has been checked and nothing has been found. Dessert, so to speak, not an appetizer. Yes, and “allergy” is often associated with impaired liver function – toxic metabolic products not split by it are looking for a way out, including through the skin.The outer cover is a mirror of the internal processes taking place in the body. Academician Davydovsky even argued that skin diseases do not exist, all of them are a reflection of disturbed homeostasis.

So, any re-emerging and re-emerging spots, acne, vasculitis, porphyria, lichen, demodicosis, urticaria, erythema, pigmentation, vitiligo, telangiectasia, moles, hemangiomas (small red dots), especially in the “liver” places. On the face, this is the bridge of the nose (note the presence of vertical wrinkles), the outer corners of the eyes, and the cheekbones.Xanthelasma (yellow deposits) on the eyelids. Vascular “mesh” on the nose and cheeks (yes, like many drinkers). Tongue: more on the right, bright red tip. Draws “sour”, but without pregnancy. Pigmentation on the back of the neck, covered with hair. Pain along the liver meridian (google it) – along the inner surface of the legs. The same rashes in his area and in general on the body. Baldness (there were several such patients), nail fungus of the big toes (the beginning of the same meridian). In general, a change in the nail plates: two-color, transverse striation, fragility, softening.Redness or yellowness of the palms, their excessive “hotness” even in the cold season. Irritating pruritus without eruptions (of course, persisting with regular washing of the body).

JOINTS, NERVES, MUSCLES. AUTOIMMUNE PROCESSES.

Depending on age. It is clear that in the elderly, metabolic osteoarthritis is more common. But for the first time arising and persistent arthritis-arthralgias in the young-average age are suspicious. Characterized by multiple, volatile, without redness of the skin, swelling and a significant increase in acute phase parameters in the blood.When it doesn’t fit with traditional rheumatic symptoms. Often, acute viral hepatitis B debuts with articular syndrome – there have been incidents of treatment with NSAIDs for more than a month (anicteric forms). But I am here more about chronic viral hepatitis, which has not been diagnosed for years.

Drum stick fingers. Dupuytren’s contracture. Muscle weakness – myopathies of unknown cause. Myasthenia gravis. Muscle pain. Peripheral polyneuropathies, Guillain-Barré syndrome – NB !, neuropathologists. They are caused by cryoglobulinemia, like many skin manifestations, and some of the autoimmune ones.The latter include dermatomyositis, periarteritis nodosa, pulmonary fibrosis and vasculitis, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, etc.

KIDNEY – glomerulonephritis. There was a patient whose renal biopsy showed persistence of the hepatitis C virus. He suffered for ten years, it came to hormones (we got a sharp progression of hepatitis, of course). Treated HCV – glomerulonephritis disappeared. Not to be confused with patients with chronic renal failure, who receive B, C hepatitis on hemodialysis to the full complement (they are infected secondarily, through the blood).These should be examined regularly, once every six months – the incidence in these departments reaches 80% (by the way, the medical staff, too).

ENDOCRINE SYSTEM. Mainly thyroid gland – hypo, hyperthyroidism, autoimmune thyroiditis, Hashimoto’s. Just do not forget that it may not be the underlying disease, but a syndrome, if you like, of hepatitis C and B. Also, newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus requires testing for these viruses (up to 50% of diabetes development against the background of HCV infection). Both in the thyroid and in the pancreas, researchers have repeatedly revealed positive PCR, which proves not the random nature of the combination of these diseases, but the cytopathogenic effect of viruses on the cells of these glands.

Sexual disorders – menstrual irregularities in women (why do they still come with suspicion of pregnancy), impotence, decreased libido in men (urologists-andrologists!). Also, active multiplication of hepatitis viruses in these organs was recorded.

HEMATOLOGY. Thrombocytopenia, anemia, macroglobulinemia, non-Hodgkin B-lymphoma and other passions. The persistence of hepatotropic viruses in the bone marrow has been proven by specialists. For non-specialists – remember about spontaneous, “bruises” and repeated bleeding – small and large: nasal, uterine, gastrointestinal (often cirrhosis is detected only after varicose esophageal bleeding), blood in urine, feces (often hemorrhoids).We need to do a blood test from a finger with a platelet count.

All this – against the background of a bad mood with irritability and outbursts of anger. Throws it in the heat, then in the cold. No wonder they say: a bilious person. “Owl”, insomnia after midnight, from one to three – the time of maximum activity of the liver meridian. Restless sleep, with an abundance of dreams.

And finally: there is even a lesion of the salivary, lacrimal glands and eyes. Corneal ulcers, uveitis, keratoconjunctivitis. Well, the yellowness of the sclera is understandable, here the diagnosis will be made in the trolleybus.Traditional Chinese medicine associates a variety of visual disorders, myopia, and even squint with the liver. And if indeed “the eyes are the mirror of the soul”, it is not difficult to guess where the human soul lives from the point of view of Eastern medicine … Yes, according to the ideas of Chinese medicine, it is the liver that “keeps the heavenly soul of a person”.

Done with indigestible terminology. Have you survived?

As you can see, the spectrum of liver “masks” is quite variegated and extensive. And note, nowhere are there actually liver symptoms – jaundice, for example.When it appears, the diagnosis is clear to everyone, but, unfortunately, it is belated (I’m talking about chronic processes). We need to identify liver pain as early as possible.

What else to help, besides the clinic? Laboratory. 1). The most common biochemistry is liver function tests. 2). Analysis for antibodies to hepatitis B and C. This is an elementary screening available from the CRH level. Don’t forget colleagues.

In our hospital since 2002, the case has been set up like this: a patient who comes with ANY pathology (even diarrhea, even angina, even snot) is examined for HBV and HCV markers.Each for 20 UAH. The price of the issue is trivial, but it avoids many troubles. We knocked down the statistics over the years – 4% of positive ones, excluding the separation of hepatitis. About a thousand people pass in a year – count how many in 16 years it was revealed out of the blue. Recommend.

Special attention to people with tattoos, piercings, with a history of operations, from traditional risk groups, often ill, preparing for planned operations, doctors, pregnant women. In general, you can catch the virus in a hairdressing salon, a salon, a dentist, in a hospital – with an elementary blood sample from a finger (do they change gloves after each patient?) Or a gynecological examination.Unfortunately. Poverty and lack of proper san-epid control.

That is, quite banal and easy. How many of you have not been to a hairdresser, dentist, hospital? And the sex is casual unprotected? And it is not accidental – has your regular partner been examined?

Therefore, I recommend everyone who read it to go to the laboratory on an empty stomach tomorrow and take: a-HCV (hepatitis C) and HBsAg (hepatitis B). And from B to be vaccinated. This is usually the end of my classes with students on this topic.

I’m against indiscriminate donation of feces for eggs by a worm – before the extraction of a tooth, for example (I saw a post today) and for any sneeze.We will get nothing, except for the devaluation of the analysis due to inattention, fatigue of the laboratory assistant due to the huge and meaningless workload. If I need to, I will write to the laboratory assistant what kind of helminth I suspect, underline it in red and ask him to repeat it three times. But I am in favor of checking everyone for hepatitis once a year. Because I don’t want to stand petrified looking at Medusa’s head.