What is sunburn? How to treat sunburn? How to prevent sunburn? Get the expert advice on managing sunburn from Mayo Clinic.

Understanding Sunburn

Sunburn can be a painful reminder that we’ve spent too much time in the sun. While some sunburns can be minor, others can be very painful and dangerous to your health. “Sunburn can be dangerous and have life-long consequences,” says Robin Ashinoff, M.D. a board certified dermatologist with Hackensack Meridian Medical Group. “The strong ultraviolet (UV) rays from the sun can cause permanent damage to your skin, accelerate skin aging and increase your risk for skin cancer in your lifetime,” adds Dr. Ashinoff.

Hydrating Skin and Body

Staying hydrated both inside and out is important when recovering from a sunburn. The burn disrupts the barrier function of the skin and may allow heat and moisture to leave through the skin. Also, sweating in the heat can further dehydrate you and cause headaches. Make sure to drink plenty of water after getting a sunburn and apply aloe or moisturizers to the affected area often to restore the skin’s barrier function.

Cooling the Skin

Keep your skin and body cool by applying cold compresses to the affected skin. Another easy way to stay cool is to use “cooling towels” typically found at most sporting goods stores. The reusable cloth gets cool when wet and helps move heat away from the skin. You can reactivate it by simply rinsing in water.

Managing Pain and Inflammation

If you realize early that you have allowed yourself to get a sunburn, taking 2 aspirin within the first 12 hours is a great anti-inflammatory and may help limit the extent of the sunburn. Topical anti-inflammatories such as corticosteroid ointments can also help limit the extent of the burn if applied very early. As always, check with your doctor before taking any new medication.

Leaving Blisters Alone

If any blisters form, leave them alone. Breaking a blister can slow your healing and increase your risk for infection. If needed, lightly cover blisters with gauze or loose cotton clothing. Talk to your doctor if blisters are severe or cover a large portion of your body.

Preventing Future Sunburns

You should do everything you can to prevent future sunburn, especially on skin that’s recently been damaged. Learn more about choosing the right sunscreen.

When to Seek Medical Care

Sunburn can at times be severe and cause some worrying symptoms. If you have any of the following symptoms*, you should talk to your doctor right away, says Dr. Ashinoff:

• Fever
• Vision problems
• Severe pain
• Blisters that have become infected
• Nausea and vomiting

*This list is not all inclusive. Please consult your medical provider for any other symptoms that are severe or concerning.

6 Best Tips for Sunburn Relief

There is nothing fun about sunburns! The stinging pain, the awful discoloring, and the damage that has occurred beneath the skin that could lead to skin cancer. There are no two ways about it, being sunburnt is less than ideal! If you’ve been painfully roasted, here are some tips to help relieve the pain.

1. Soak in a Cool Bath

While your skin feels like it is literally burning, sitting in a cool bath can help alleviate the sensation. You can take as many baths as you need to, but caring for your skin after you step out of the water is important. Do not rub your skin with a towel. Instead, lightly pat yourself dry but leave the skin a bit damp. Immediately apply moisturizer to your damp skin. This will lock in the moisture and keep your skin from drying out and chaffing, which is sure to make your sunburn more aggravating. For an even, more soothing effect, add colloidal oatmeal to your bathwater. An oatmeal bath has been used for centuries to treat irritated skin. It soothes the skin by trapping in moisture, minimizing inflammation, and cleaning your skin in the process.

2. Apply Aloe Vera or Soy Creams and Gels

Almost everyone nowadays is aware of the soothing effect aloe vera and soy has on the skin. These miracle plants offer an ample amount of moisture to the skin while reducing inflammation. Many sunburn ointments contain aloe vera and soy, so do a bit of shopping around to find one that works best for you.

3. Take an Over-the-Counter Pain Reliever

Ibuprofen or naproxen can help reduce the inflammation and pain associated with sunburns. Make sure to follow the dosage instructions on the bottle and speak with your doctor if you have any concerns.

4. Avoid Further Sun Exposure

The last thing your skin needs when it is already fried is more sun exposure. Stay out of the sun as much as possible and protect any sunburnt areas with loose, lightweight clothing. Wearing a wide-brimmed hat can also help shield your face, neck, and ears from additional UV rays.

5. Stay Hydrated

Drink plenty of water to help replenish fluids lost through sunburned skin. Dehydration can make sunburn symptoms worse, so make sure to stay hydrated.

6. Use a Gentle Moisturizer

After a sunburn, your skin is going to be extremely sensitive. Avoid harsh products and instead opt for a gentle, fragrance-free moisturizer. Look for one that contains aloe vera or soy to further soothe and hydrate your skin.

By following these tips, you can find relief from your sunburn and help your skin heal. Remember to be gentle with your skin and protect it from additional sun exposure until it has fully recovered.