How effective is cephalexin in treating sinus infections. What are the potential side effects of using cephalexin for sinusitis. How long does it take for cephalexin to work against sinus infections. What precautions should be taken when using cephalexin for sinusitis.

Understanding Cephalexin and Its Role in Treating Sinusitis

Cephalexin, a widely prescribed antibiotic, has garnered attention for its efficacy in treating various bacterial infections, including sinusitis. This first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic belongs to the broader class of beta-lactam antibiotics, which are known for their bactericidal properties. Its mechanism of action involves inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis, effectively halting the growth and reproduction of susceptible bacteria.

When it comes to sinusitis, cephalexin has shown promising results in combating the bacterial infections that often lead to this condition. Sinusitis, characterized by inflammation of the sinus cavities, can cause significant discomfort and impair quality of life. The antibiotic’s ability to target specific bacteria responsible for sinus infections makes it a valuable tool in the medical arsenal against this common ailment.

How does cephalexin work against sinus infections?

Cephalexin’s effectiveness in treating sinus infections stems from its ability to penetrate the infected sinus tissues and eliminate the causative bacteria. By disrupting the bacterial cell wall synthesis, cephalexin renders the pathogens unable to maintain their structural integrity, leading to their death. This process allows the body’s immune system to clear the infection more efficiently, resulting in symptom relief and recovery.

Evaluating the Efficacy of Cephalexin for Sinusitis

The efficacy of cephalexin in treating sinusitis has been the subject of numerous clinical studies and real-world observations. While individual responses may vary, many patients and healthcare providers report positive outcomes when using this antibiotic for sinus infections.

Is cephalexin effective for all types of sinusitis?

It’s important to note that cephalexin is primarily effective against bacterial infections. Sinusitis can be caused by various factors, including viruses, fungi, and allergies. In cases of viral sinusitis, which are more common, antibiotics like cephalexin would not be effective. Therefore, proper diagnosis by a healthcare professional is crucial before initiating treatment with cephalexin or any other antibiotic.

For bacterial sinusitis, cephalexin has shown good efficacy against many common pathogens, including Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae. However, its effectiveness may be limited against certain resistant strains or less common bacteria. In such cases, alternative antibiotics or combination therapies may be necessary.

Dosage and Administration of Cephalexin for Sinus Infections

The appropriate dosage of cephalexin for sinus infections can vary depending on several factors, including the severity of the infection, the patient’s age, weight, and overall health status. Typically, for adults, the recommended dosage ranges from 250 to 1000 mg every 6 to 12 hours, with the duration of treatment usually lasting 7 to 14 days.

How should cephalexin be taken for optimal results?

To maximize the effectiveness of cephalexin in treating sinus infections, it’s crucial to follow the prescribed dosage regimen carefully. Here are some key points to consider:

• Take cephalexin at evenly spaced intervals to maintain consistent antibiotic levels in the body.
• Complete the entire course of antibiotics, even if symptoms improve before the medication is finished.
• Take cephalexin with or without food, but be consistent with your choice throughout the treatment course.
• If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember, unless it’s almost time for the next scheduled dose.
• Avoid taking double doses to make up for missed ones.

Potential Side Effects and Precautions

While cephalexin is generally well-tolerated, like all medications, it can cause side effects in some individuals. Being aware of these potential adverse reactions is essential for patients and healthcare providers alike.

What are the common side effects of cephalexin?

The most frequently reported side effects of cephalexin include:

• Gastrointestinal disturbances (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea)
• Headache
• Dizziness
• Skin rashes or itching
• Vaginal yeast infections

While these side effects are usually mild and transient, it’s important to consult a healthcare provider if they persist or worsen.

Are there any serious side effects to be aware of?

In rare cases, cephalexin can cause more severe side effects. These may include:

• Severe allergic reactions (anaphylaxis)
• Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea
• Liver or kidney problems
• Blood disorders

Patients should seek immediate medical attention if they experience symptoms such as severe skin reactions, persistent diarrhea, unusual bleeding or bruising, or signs of liver or kidney dysfunction.

Interactions and Contraindications

Understanding potential drug interactions and contraindications is crucial when considering cephalexin for sinus infections. This knowledge helps prevent adverse reactions and ensures the safe and effective use of the antibiotic.

Can cephalexin interact with other medications?

Cephalexin may interact with several other drugs, potentially affecting their efficacy or increasing the risk of side effects. Some notable interactions include:

• Probenecid: May increase cephalexin levels in the blood
• Metformin: Cephalexin may enhance the effects of metformin
• Oral contraceptives: Cephalexin may reduce the effectiveness of birth control pills
• Warfarin: Potential increased risk of bleeding

It’s essential to inform healthcare providers about all medications, supplements, and herbal products being taken to avoid potential interactions.

Who should not take cephalexin?

Cephalexin is contraindicated in individuals with known hypersensitivity to cephalosporin antibiotics. Caution is advised in patients with a history of penicillin allergy, as there is a potential for cross-reactivity. Additionally, patients with severe kidney disease may require dosage adjustments or alternative treatments.

Comparing Cephalexin to Other Antibiotics for Sinusitis

While cephalexin is an effective option for treating bacterial sinusitis, it’s not the only antibiotic used for this condition. Understanding how it compares to other commonly prescribed antibiotics can help healthcare providers make informed decisions about treatment options.

How does cephalexin compare to amoxicillin for sinus infections?

Amoxicillin, another commonly prescribed antibiotic for sinusitis, belongs to the penicillin class. Both cephalexin and amoxicillin are effective against many of the bacteria that cause sinus infections. However, there are some differences to consider:

• Spectrum of activity: Cephalexin may have a slightly broader spectrum of activity against certain bacteria.
• Resistance patterns: Local resistance patterns may influence the choice between these antibiotics.
• Side effect profiles: While both are generally well-tolerated, individual responses may vary.
• Dosing frequency: Cephalexin is typically taken more frequently than some extended-release formulations of amoxicillin.

The choice between cephalexin and amoxicillin often depends on factors such as the patient’s medical history, local antibiotic resistance patterns, and individual tolerability.

Duration of Treatment and Expected Outcomes

Understanding the typical duration of treatment with cephalexin for sinus infections and what to expect in terms of symptom improvement can help patients manage their expectations and adhere to the prescribed regimen.

How long does it take for cephalexin to clear a sinus infection?

The time it takes for cephalexin to clear a sinus infection can vary depending on several factors, including the severity of the infection and the individual’s immune response. Generally, patients may begin to experience symptom relief within 24 to 72 hours of starting treatment. However, it’s crucial to complete the entire course of antibiotics, which typically lasts 7 to 14 days, to ensure complete eradication of the infection and prevent the development of antibiotic resistance.

What should patients expect during treatment with cephalexin?

During treatment with cephalexin for sinusitis, patients can typically expect:

1. Gradual improvement of symptoms such as facial pain, nasal congestion, and headache
2. Possible initial increase in nasal discharge as the sinuses begin to clear
3. Potential mild side effects, particularly gastrointestinal symptoms
4. Complete resolution of symptoms by the end of the treatment course in most cases

If symptoms persist or worsen after several days of treatment, patients should consult their healthcare provider, as this may indicate the need for a different antibiotic or further evaluation.

Complementary Treatments and Self-Care Measures

While cephalexin can effectively treat the bacterial component of sinusitis, incorporating complementary treatments and self-care measures can enhance overall recovery and symptom relief.

What additional measures can support recovery from sinusitis?

In addition to taking cephalexin as prescribed, patients with sinusitis may benefit from the following supportive measures:

• Nasal irrigation with saline solution to help clear mucus and reduce inflammation
• Steam inhalation to moisturize nasal passages and promote drainage
• Over-the-counter pain relievers and decongestants (under medical guidance)
• Adequate hydration to thin mucus secretions
• Avoiding irritants such as tobacco smoke and strong fragrances
• Using a humidifier to add moisture to the air, especially in dry environments

These complementary approaches can work synergistically with cephalexin to provide more comprehensive relief from sinus infection symptoms.

Long-Term Considerations and Prevention

While cephalexin can effectively treat acute episodes of bacterial sinusitis, it’s important to consider long-term strategies for managing recurrent infections and preventing future occurrences.

How can recurrent sinus infections be prevented?

Preventing recurrent sinus infections involves addressing underlying factors that may contribute to susceptibility. Some strategies include:

• Managing allergies effectively through medication or immunotherapy
• Addressing structural issues in the nasal passages, such as a deviated septum
• Practicing good hand hygiene to reduce exposure to pathogens
• Avoiding known triggers, such as environmental irritants or certain foods
• Maintaining overall health through a balanced diet, regular exercise, and adequate sleep
• Quitting smoking and avoiding secondhand smoke

In some cases, long-term preventive strategies may be necessary, such as the use of intranasal corticosteroids or saline rinses. These approaches should be discussed with a healthcare provider to develop a personalized prevention plan.

When should patients consider alternatives to antibiotics?

While antibiotics like cephalexin are effective for bacterial sinusitis, they are not always necessary or appropriate. Patients and healthcare providers should consider alternatives to antibiotics in the following situations:

• Viral sinusitis, which does not respond to antibiotics
• Mild cases of acute bacterial sinusitis that may resolve without antibiotics
• Chronic sinusitis that may require different management approaches
• Recurrent infections that suggest underlying issues needing address

In these cases, treatment may focus on symptom management, addressing underlying causes, and supporting the body’s natural healing processes. This approach can help reduce the risk of antibiotic resistance and minimize potential side effects associated with antibiotic use.

Everything to Know About Using Cephalexin for Sinus Infection

Sinusitis is a common ailment, causing discomfort and frustration due to its unpleasant symptoms. Fortunately, medical experts recommend many treatment options, including Cephalexin. Medical experts have tested this antibiotic well, and it offers reliable relief from sinusitis symptoms like nasal congestion and facial pain or pressure. This article comprehensively explores Cephalexin, including how it works in the body to treat bacterial infections. We’ll also look at possible side effects and precautions that should be taken when using Cephalexin for sinus infection.

What Is Cephalexin?

Cephalexin is an antibiotic used to treat infections caused by bacteria in the body. It is especially effective in treating sinusitis caused when bacteria infiltrate the sinuses and cause inflammation. This antibiotic stops the growth of the bacteria, allowing the immune system to clear the infection.

When using Cephalexin for sinus infection, it is essential to note that it is not a cure-all; it will only treat the infection and not the underlying cause. Therefore, addressing any underlying conditions or lifestyle factors contributing to the infection is crucial.

However, using Cephalexin can relieve sinusitis symptoms like facial pain or pressure, sore throat, and nasal congestion.

Can you use Cephalexin for sinus infection?

Cephalexin is a popular antibiotic in the drug class called ‘cephalosporin antibiotics’ that is used to treat streptococcal infections. It’s commonly prescribed for urinary tract infections, respiratory tract infections, ear infections, and skin structure infections and can also be used for sinusitis.

Cephalexin targets a specific type of bacteria and inhibits its growth and reproduction. This stops the infection from spreading further and allows the body’s immune system to fight off the disease more effectively.

Cephalexin is generally safe and well tolerated, although common side effects include nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, and abdominal pain.

It is also important to note that this medication is ineffective against viral or fungal infections, so it is important to speak with a doctor and get a diagnosis before using it. In some cases, alternative medications such as decongestants, antihistamines, and corticosteroids may be recommended for sinusitis.

Overall, Cephalexin is a safe and effective treatment for bacterial sinusitis. However, it is crucial to consult a doctor before taking any medication and carefully follow their instructions.

How good is Cephalexin for sinus infection?

Cephalexin is an effective treatment option for sinusitis that can relieve symptoms like nasal congestion and facial pain or pressure. However, while Cephalexin is generally well-tolerated, it can cause adverse effects, including nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. This medication can also cause a number of allergic reactions.

Therefore, talking to your doctor before taking Cephalexin is essential to ensure it is safe. Additionally, be sure to take all the prescribed doses and finish the entire course of treatment, even if your symptoms ease. Doing so will help ensure the infection is fully treated and prevent further complications.

How can Cephalexin treat sinusitis?

Cephalexin is an effective antibiotic for treating bacterial sinusitis. It interferes with the bacteria’s cell wall synthesis, preventing the bacteria from reproducing and spreading. This allows the body’s immune system to kill off the bacteria and, subsequently, reduce the symptoms of the infection.

In most cases, a single course of Cephalexin is enough to clear the infection and relieve the patient.

It is important to remember to finish the entire course of Cephalexin, even if the symptoms of the infection seem to have subsided. This ensures the bacteria is completely eradicated and further complications can be avoided.

How long does it take Cephalexin to work?

When taken orally, Cephalexin’s active ingredient will quickly enter the bloodstream and start working to kill bacteria that cause the infection. Generally, the drug takes one to three days to alleviate sinusitis symptoms.

However, the full effects of Cephalexin may only be realized after seven days of treatment. During this period, the antibiotic cleanses the infection and reduces the number of bacteria in the sinuses.

In general, it is recommended that individuals take Cephalexin for seven days, even if symptoms are improving, to ensure that the infection does not return.

It is also important to note that Cephalexin may interact with other medications and should always be taken cautiously.

Cephalexin is a powerful and effective antibiotic when used to treat sinusitis. The drug can start working in as little as one day but may take up to a week to completely clear up the infection.

Therefore, before taking Cephalexin, speaking with a doctor or pharmacist is essential to discuss any potential side effects and interactions with other medications.

By doing so, people can ensure they are taking the proper steps to get prompt, safe, and effective relief from their infection.

What Conditions does Cephalexin Treat?

Cephalexin is a popular antibiotic commonly used to treat sinusitis. This medication works by killing the bacteria that cause the infection and reducing the severity of the symptoms.

It is a widely recommended broad-spectrum antibiotic that can treat many bacterial infections, not just those in the sinuses.

This includes:

• Skin infections
• Bone infections
• Urinary tract Infection
• Middle ear infections (otitis media)

Additionally, Cephalexin can treat certain types of bronchitis and pneumonia.

When taking Cephalexin for sinusitis, it is vital to use the medication exactly as prescribed. This means taking the drug for the specified time, even if the symptoms have improved.

If Cephalexin is not taken as prescribed, the infection may not be completely cured and can lead to the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. For this reason, it is crucial to finish the entire course of treatment as prescribed by your doctor.

Additionally, it is essential to inform your doctor of any other medications you may be taking, as Cephalexin can interact with some drugs.

What Forms Does Cephalexin Come In?

Cephalexin is available in many forms, including capsules, tablets, and oral suspensions. The capsule form of Cephalexin is typically 500mg and should be taken orally with food or milk.

The tablet form of Cephalexin is also 500mg and should be taken orally with food or milk. Finally, the liquid suspension form of Cephalexin is 250mg per 5ml and should be taken by mouth with food or milk.

When treating sinusitis with Cephalexin, it is recommended that a patient take the medication for at least 10 days. After that, a doctor may prescribe a higher dose of Cephalexin for more severe infections.

Patients must take the entire course of the medication even if they start feeling better. This ensures that all bacteria causing the infection are eliminated and the condition is fully treated.

If a patient stops taking the medication too soon, some bacteria may survive, and the disease may return.

Side effects of Cephalexin for sinusitis

Cephalexin is an effective antibiotic for treating sinusitis caused by certain bacteria. It works by killing off bacteria in the nasal passages, reducing inflammation, and allowing the sinuses to heal.

While Cephalexin can be a helpful treatment for sinusitis, it has some potential side effects.

Common side effects of Cephalexin for sinusitis include:

• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Diarrhea (caused by clostridium difficile)

Other less common side effects include:

• Rash
• Itching
• Hives

In rare cases, Cephalexin can cause more severe side effects like jaundice, difficulty breathing, and swelling of the face, lips, or tongue.

If you feel any adverse effects while taking Cephalexin, immediately contact your doctor.

Drug Interactions

Cephalexin can interact with certain medications, so it’s important to let your doctor know all your medicines before starting this antibiotic. In addition, by understanding the side effects of Cephalexin and taking the necessary precautions, you can ensure the best possible outcome for your treatment.

How much Cephalexin should I take for sinusitis?

When treating sinusitis, Cephalexin is one of the most commonly prescribed antibiotics. The standard recommended dosage for adults is 250 to 500 mg, taken twice daily. However, this dosage may be increased to 500 mg three times a day in severe cases.

The dosage for children will depend on their weight and age, so it is essential to discuss with your doctor the best dosage for your child.

Should I take Cephalexin with or without food?

Cephalexin can be used with or without food, and taking the entire course of the medication as prescribed is crucial.

Can Cephalexin treat viral infections?

It is important to note that Cephalexin should not be used to treat a viral infection and should only be taken when prescribed by a doctor.

Using this medication indiscriminately may increase the patient’s risk of antibiotic resistance and other adverse effects.

Side effects may include nausea, headache, and diarrhea. Anyone experiencing worrying symptoms or an adverse reaction should seek medical attention immediately.

How long does Cephalexin take to work for sinusitis?

Cephalexin is an antibiotic medication that is commonly prescribed to treat sinusitis. It works by inhibiting bacterial growth, which helps reduce symptoms like facial pain, pressure, and congestion.

The effects of Cephalexin can usually be seen within just a few days after starting treatment, though it may take up to a week before the infection is completely cleared up.

Therefore, it is essential to take the entire course of Cephalexin as prescribed by your doctor for it to be effective. Depending on the severity of the infection, this could be as long as 10 days.

Is Cephalexin safe?

Cephalexin is generally a safe drug, despite some potential side effects. It is also important to note that Cephalexin can interact with other medications and may be contraindicated in some cases.

If you have any worries or questions about using Cephalexin, please discuss them with your doctor.

Nevertheless, with the proper dosage and careful monitoring, Cephalexin can effectively treat sinusitis.

Can You Get Cephalexin Online?

In addition to being available in pill form, Cephalexin can also be purchased online. While it is essential to consult a doctor before taking any medication, many online pharmacies offer Cephalexin with a prescription, making it easier for those who may have difficulty visiting a doctor in person.

Before buying online, however, it is essential to check that the pharmacy is reputable and has a valid license.

Additionally, it is vital to review the potential side effects of Cephalexin and consult with a doctor or pharmacist if any side effects occur.

Read Next: Can You Use Clindamycin for Sinus Infection?

Conclusion

In conclusion, Cephalexin is an effective treatment for sinusitis due to its ability to inhibit bacterial growth and reduce inflammation.

However, while this antibiotic can be purchased online, it is essential to consult a doctor before taking any medication and to check that the pharmacy is reputable.

Additionally, it is crucial to be aware of the potential side effects of Cephalexin and to consult a doctor or pharmacist if any adverse effects occur.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Side effects, dosage, uses, and more

1. Cephalexin oral capsule is available as a generic drug and as a brand-name drug. Brand name: Keflex.
2. Cephalexin also comes as a tablet or liquid suspension that you take by mouth.
3. Cephalexin oral capsule is used to treat certain infections caused by bacteria.

• Allergy to β-lactam medications warning: If you’re allergic to β-lactam medications, many of which are antibiotics, you should not take this drug. You could have a serious allergic reaction.
• Antibiotic-associated diarrhea warning: The use of almost all antibiotics, including cephalexin, can cause a reaction that leads to diarrhea. In addition to diarrhea, this reaction can cause severe inflammation of your colon. Severe cases of this reaction can be fatal (cause death). Call your doctor if you have diarrhea while taking or after taking this drug.

Cephalexin oral capsule is a prescription drug that’s available as the brand-name drug Keflex and as a generic drug. Generic drugs usually cost less than the brand-name version. In some cases, they may not be available in all strengths or forms as the brand-name drug.

Cephalexin also comes as an oral tablet and an oral suspension.

Why it’s used

Cephalexin is used to treat certain infections caused by bacteria. These infections include:

• respiratory tract infections
• otitis media (middle ear infections)
• skin and skin structure infections
• bone infections
• genitourinary (urinary tract) infections

How it works

Cephalexin belongs to a class of drugs called cephalosporins (antibiotics). A class of drugs is a group of medications that work in a similar way. These drugs are often used to treat similar conditions.

Cephalexin works by interfering with the formation of the bacteria’s cell walls. This ruptures the walls and kills the bacteria.

This drug should only be used to treat bacterial infections. You should not use it to treat viruses, such as the common cold.

Cephalexin oral capsule doesn’t cause drowsiness. However, it can cause other side effects.

More common side effects

The more common side effects of cephalexin oral capsule include:

• diarrhea
• indigestion
• irritation or inflammation of your stomach lining
• stomach pain

If these effects are mild, they may go away within a few days or a couple of weeks. If they’re more severe or don’t go away, talk with your doctor or pharmacist.

Serious side effects

Call your doctor right away if you have serious side effects. Call 911 if your symptoms feel life threatening or if you think you’re having a medical emergency. Serious side effects and their symptoms can include the following:

• Allergic reactions. Symptoms can include:
  • hives
  • trouble breathing
  • swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat

Disclaimer: Our goal is to provide you with the most relevant and current information. However, because drugs affect each person differently, we cannot guarantee that this information includes all possible side effects. This information is not a substitute for medical advice. Always discuss possible side effects with a healthcare professional who knows your medical history.

Cephalexin oral capsule can interact with other medications, vitamins, or herbs you may be taking. An interaction is when a substance changes the way a drug works. This can be harmful or prevent the drug from working well.

To help avoid interactions, your doctor should manage all of your medications carefully. Be sure to tell your doctor about all medications, vitamins, or herbs you’re taking. To find out how this drug might interact with something else you’re taking, talk with your doctor or pharmacist.

Examples of drugs that can cause interactions with cephalexin are listed below.

Interactions that increase your risk of side effects

Side effects from cephalexin: Taking cephalexin with certain medications raises your risk of side effects from cephalexin. This is because the amount of cephalexin in your body is increased. An example of these drugs is probenecid.

Side effects from other drugs: Taking cephalexin with certain medications raises your risk of side effects from these drugs. An example of these drugs is metformin. Taking metformin and cephalexin together may cause kidney problems. Your doctor may adjust your dose of metformin to reduce this risk.

Disclaimer: Our goal is to provide you with the most relevant and current information. However, because drugs interact differently in each person, we cannot guarantee that this information includes all possible interactions. This information is not a substitute for medical advice. Always speak with your healthcare professional about possible interactions with all prescription drugs, vitamins, herbs and supplements, and over-the-counter drugs that you are taking.

This drug comes with several warnings.

Allergy warning

Cephalexin can cause a severe allergic reaction. Symptoms can include:

• hives
• trouble breathing
• swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat

If you have an allergic reaction, call your doctor or local poison control center right away. If your symptoms are severe, call 911 or go to the nearest emergency room.

Do not take this drug again if you’ve ever had an allergic reaction to it before. Taking it again could be fatal (cause death).

Warnings for certain groups

For people with kidney problems: If you have kidney problems or a history of kidney disease, you may not be able to clear this drug from your body. This may increase the levels of this drug in your body and cause more side effects. Your doctor may adjust your dose if you have kidney disease. Talk with your doctor about whether this drug is safe for you.

For pregnant people: Studies of the drug in pregnant animals have not shown a risk to the fetus. There aren’t enough studies on pregnant people to show the drug poses a risk to the fetus. You may still want to talk with your doctor if you’re pregnant or planning to become pregnant.

For people who are nursing: Cephalexin passes into breast milk and may cause side effects in a child who is breastfed. Talk with your doctor if you are nursing your child. You may need to decide whether to stop nursing or stop taking this medication.

For seniors: The kidneys of older adults may not work as well as they used to. This can cause your body to process drugs more slowly. As a result, more of the drug stays in your body for a longer time. This raises your risk of side effects.

For children: This drug hasn’t been studied in children younger than 1 year of age with respiratory tract, middle ear, skin and skin structure, bone, and urinary tract infections.

This dosage information is for cephalexin oral capsule. All possible dosages and drug forms may not be included here. Your dosage, drug form, and how often you take the drug will depend on:

• your age
• the condition being treated
• how severe your condition is
• other medical conditions you have
• how you react to the first dose

Forms and strengths

Generic: Cephalexin

• Form: Oral capsule
• Strengths: 250 mg, 500 mg, 750 mg

Brand name: Keflex

• Form: Oral capsule
• Strengths: 750 mg

Dosage for respiratory tract infection

Adult dosage (ages 18 to 64 years)

1–4 grams per day taken in divided doses. The usual dose is 250 mg taken every 6 hours, or a dose of 500 mg every 12 hours may be given. If you have a severe infection, your doctor may give you a larger dose.

Child dosage (ages 15 to 17 years)

1–4 grams per day taken in divided doses. The usual dose is 250 mg taken every 6 hours, or a dose of 500 mg every 12 hours may be given. If you have a severe infection, your doctor may give you a larger dose.

Child dosage (ages 1 to 14 years)

25–50 mg/kg of body weight per day taken in divided doses. Your doctor may double your dose for severe infections.

Child dosage (ages 0 to 1 years)

This medication hasn’t been studied in children younger than 1 year for this condition.

Senior dosage (ages 65 years and older)

The kidneys of older adults may not work as well as they used to. This can cause your body to process drugs more slowly. As a result, more of a drug stays in your body for a longer time. This raises your risk of side effects. Your doctor may start you on a lowered dose or a different dosing schedule. This can help keep levels of this drug from building up too much in your body.

Dosage for otitis media (middle ear infection)

Adult dosage (ages 18 to 64 years)

1–4 grams per day taken in divided doses. The usual dose is 250 mg taken every 6 hours, or a dose of 500 mg every 12 hours may be given. If you have a severe infection, your doctor may give you a larger dose.

Child dosage (ages 15 to 17 years)

1–4 grams per day taken in divided doses. The usual dose is 250 mg taken every 6 hours, or a dose of 500 mg every 12 hours may be given. If you have a severe infection, your doctor may give you a larger dose.

Child dosage (ages 1 to 14 years)

75–100 mg/kg of body weight per day given in equally divided doses every 6 hours.

Child dosage (ages 0 to 1 years)

This medication hasn’t been studied in children younger than 1 year for this condition.

Senior dosage (ages 65 years and older)

The kidneys of older adults may not work as well as they used to. This can cause your body to process drugs more slowly. As a result, more of a drug stays in your body for a longer time. This raises your risk of side effects. Your doctor may start you on a lowered dose or a different dosing schedule. This can help keep levels of this drug from building up too much in your body.

Dosage for skin and skin structure infection

Adult dosage (ages 18 to 64 years)

1–4 grams per day taken in divided doses. The usual dose is 250 mg taken every 6 hours, or a dose of 500 mg every 12 hours may be given. If you have a severe infection, your doctor may give you a larger dose.

Child dosage (ages 15 to 17 years)

1–4 grams per day taken in divided doses. The usual dose is 250 mg taken every 6 hours, or a dose of 500 mg every 12 hours may be given. If you have a severe infection, your doctor may give you a larger dose.

Child dosage (ages 1 to 14 years)

25–50 mg/kg of body weight per day taken in divided doses. Your doctor may double your dose for severe infections.

Child dosage (ages 0 to 1 years)

This medication hasn’t been studied in children younger than 1 year for this condition.

Senior dosage (ages 65 years and older)

The kidneys of older adults may not work as well as they used to. This can cause your body to process drugs more slowly. As a result, more of a drug stays in your body for a longer time. This raises your risk of side effects. Your doctor may start you on a lowered dose or a different dosing schedule. This can help keep levels of this drug from building up too much in your body.

Dosage for bone infections

Adult dosage (ages 18 to 64 years)

1–4 grams per day taken in divided doses. The usual dose is 250 mg taken every 6 hours, or a dose of 500 mg every 12 hours may be given. If you have a severe infection, your doctor may give you a larger dose.

Child dosage (ages 15 to 17 years)

1–4 grams per day taken in divided doses. The usual dose is 250 mg taken every 6 hours, or a dose of 500 mg every 12 hours may be given. If you have a severe infection, your doctor may give you a larger dose.

Child dosage (ages 1 to 14 years)

25–50 mg/kg of body weight per day taken in divided doses. Your doctor may double your dose for severe infections.

Child dosage (ages 0 to 1 years)

This medication hasn’t been studied in children younger than 1 year for this condition.

Senior dosage (ages 65 years and older)

The kidneys of older adults may not work as well as they used to. This can cause your body to process drugs more slowly. As a result, more of a drug stays in your body for a longer time. This raises your risk of side effects. Your doctor may start you on a lowered dose or a different dosing schedule. This can help keep levels of this drug from building up too much in your body.

Dosage for genitourinary (urinary tract) infection

Adult dosage (ages 18 to 64 years)

1–4 grams per day taken in divided doses. The usual dose is 250 mg taken every 6 hours, or a dose of 500 mg every 12 hours may be given. Your doctor may give you a larger dose if you have a severe infection.

Child dosage (ages 15 to 17 years)

1–4 grams per day taken in divided doses. The usual dose is 250 mg taken every 6 hours, or a dose of 500 mg every 12 hours may be given. Your doctor may give you a larger dose if you have a severe infection.

Child dosage (ages 1 to 14 years)

25–50 mg/kg of body weight per day taken in divided doses. Your doctor may double your dose for severe infections.

Child dosage (ages 0 to 1 years)

This medication hasn’t been studied in children younger than 1 year for this condition.

Senior dosage (ages 65 years and older)

The kidneys of older adults may not work as well as they used to. This can cause your body to process drugs more slowly. As a result, more of a drug stays in your body for a longer time. This raises your risk of side effects. Your doctor may start you on a lowered dose or a different dosing schedule. This can help keep levels of this drug from building up too much in your body.

Special dosage considerations

For adults and children (15 years of age and older) with kidney problems:

• People with a creatinine clearance (CrCL) of 30–59 mL/min: maximum daily dose should not exceed 1 g
• People with a CrCL of 15 to 29 mL/min: 250 mg taken every 8 or 12 hours
• People with a CrCL of 5 to 14 mL/min: 250 mg every 24 hours
• People with a CrCL of 1 to 4 mL/min: 250 mg every 48 or 60 hours

Disclaimer: Our goal is to provide you with the most relevant and current information. However, because drugs affect each person differently, we cannot guarantee that this list includes all possible dosages. This information is not a substitute for medical advice. Always speak with your doctor or pharmacist about dosages that are right for you.

Cephalexin oral capsule is a short-term drug treatment. It comes with risks if you don’t take it as prescribed.

If you stop taking the drug or don’t take it at all: If you don’t take this drug, your infection may not improve, or it may get worse.

If you miss doses or don’t take the drug on schedule: Your medication may not work as well or may stop working completely. For this drug to work well, a certain amount needs to be in your body at all times.

If you take too much: You could have dangerous levels of this drug in your body. Symptoms may include:

• nausea
• vomiting
• stomach aches
• diarrhea
• blood in your urine

If you think you’ve taken too much of this drug, act right away. Call your doctor or local Poison Control Center, or go to the nearest emergency room.

What to do if you miss a dose: Take your dose as soon as you remember. But if you remember just a few hours before your next scheduled dose, take only one dose. Never try to catch up by taking two doses at once. This could result in dangerous side effects.

How to tell if the drug is working: Your symptoms and your infection should go away if this drug is working.

Keep these considerations in mind if your doctor prescribes cephalexin oral capsule for you.

General

You can take cephalexin with or without food.

Storage

• Store the capsules between 59°F and 86°F (15°C and 30°C).
• Don’t store this medication in moist or damp areas, such as bathrooms.

Refills

A prescription for this medication is refillable. You should not need a new prescription for this medication to be refilled. Your doctor will write the number of refills authorized on your prescription.

Travel

When traveling with your medication:

• Always carry your medication with you. When flying, never put it into a checked bag. Keep it in your carry-on bag.
• Don’t worry about airport X-ray machines. They can’t hurt your medication.
• You may need to show airport staff the pharmacy label for your medication. Always carry the original prescription-labeled box with you.
• Don’t put this medication in your car’s glove compartment or leave it in the car. Be sure to avoid doing this when the weather is very hot or very cold.

Clinical monitoring

Your doctor may do blood tests to check how well your kidneys are working. If your kidneys aren’t working well, your doctor may lower your dose of this drug.

There are other drugs available to treat your condition. Some may be better suited for you than others. Talk with your doctor about other drug options that may work for you.

Disclaimer: Medical News Today has made every effort to make certain that all information is factually correct, comprehensive, and up to date. However, this article should not be used as a substitute for the knowledge and expertise of a licensed healthcare professional. You should always consult your doctor or another healthcare professional before taking any medication. The drug information contained herein is subject to change and is not intended to cover all possible uses, directions, precautions, warnings, drug interactions, allergic reactions, or adverse effects. The absence of warnings or other information for a given drug does not indicate that the drug or drug combination is safe, effective, or appropriate for all patients or all specific uses.

Antibiotics for short-term sinus infections in adults

Review question

Is it faster to cure sinus infections in adults with antibiotics than without them?

Relevance

The sinus is a cavity located in the head. Adults with a short-term sinus infection have nasal congestion and a thick, yellow discharge. People with a sinus infection may feel mucus in the back of their throat, facial pain, pain when bending forward, and pain in the upper jaw or when chewing. A short-term sinus infection may be suspected after a physical examination and questioning about symptoms. Blood tests and sinus imaging can confirm the diagnosis but are not routinely recommended in most countries. Most often, short-term sinus infections are caused by viruses. However, doctors may prescribe antibiotics, which should only be used to treat bacterial infections. Taking antibiotics unnecessarily leads to antibiotic resistance in bacteria. We assessed whether antibiotics can cure adults with short-term sinus infections faster than dummy drugs (placebo) or no treatment.

Search date

January 18, 2018.

Study profile

We included 15 studies in which adults with short-term sinus infection, either confirmed or not by imaging, were randomly assigned to receive antibiotics, dummy drugs, or no treatment, on an outpatient basis. The studies included 3057 adults whose mean age was 36; about 60% of participants were female. Participants were followed up until cure. The duration of the tests varied from 8 to 28 days.

Research funding sources

Seven studies received government or academic funding; six are pharmaceutical industry grants; five did not report funding sources.

Main results

Without antibiotics, almost half of all participants were cured in 1 week and two-thirds in 14 days. For every 100 participants, 5 (diagnosed based on symptoms described by a physician) to 11 (diagnosed by x-ray) more people were cured more quickly when taking antibiotics. Computed tomography (CT) can predict who will benefit from antibiotics, but its routine use can lead to health problems due to exposure to radiation. For every 100 participants, 10 more people got rid of thick yellow nasal discharge faster when taking antibiotics compared to a dummy medication or no treatment. For every 100 participants, 30 more people experienced side effects (mostly stomach or intestinal) with antibiotics compared with a dummy drug or no treatment. When compared with people who initially took antibiotics, an additional 5 people out of 100 in the dummy or no treatment groups were forced to start antibiotics because their condition worsened. Serious complications (eg, brain abscess) were rare.

We have found that antibiotics are not the first line of treatment for adults with short-term sinus infections. We found no evidence in adults with severe sinusitis or immunosuppression or in children.

Quality of evidence

When the diagnosis was based on symptoms reported to the physician, the quality of the evidence was high. We reduced the quality of the evidence to moderate when the diagnosis was confirmed by radiography or CT because the number of participants was small and the estimate became less reliable.

If you found this evidence helpful, please consider donating to Cochrane. We are a charity that produces accessible evidence to help people make health and care decisions.

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Translation notes:

Translation: Kim Alina Valievna. Editing: Kukushkin Mikhail Evgenievich. Project coordination for translation into Russian: Cochrane Russia-Cochrane Russia (branch of the Northern Cochrane Center based at Kazan Federal University). For questions related to this translation, please contact us at: [email protected] ; [email protected]

Treatment and prevention of acute sinusitis

In most cases, acute sinusitis does not require treatment, as it is caused by a viral infection (runny nose). As a rule, self-medication is sufficient for a speedy recovery and smoothing out the symptoms.

Treatment to relieve symptoms

Your doctor may recommend medication to relieve the symptoms of sinusitis. For example, drugs such as:

• Nasal saline spray to be injected into the nose several times a day to clear the nasal passages.
• Nasal corticosteroids. Corticosteroid nasal sprays can prevent or reduce inflammation. Examples of drugs: fluticasone (Flonase), mometasone (Nasonex), budesonide (Rinocort Aqua), triamcinolone (Nasacort AQ), beclomethasone (Beconase AQ).
• Decongestants. These preparations are available over the counter without a prescription and include drops, tablets, and nasal sprays. These drugs are used for several days, otherwise they can increase nasal congestion.
• Over-the-counter pain relievers include aspirin, acetaminophen (Tylenol and others) and ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin and others). Children should not be given aspirin.

Antibiotics

• Antibiotics are not usually needed to treat acute sinusitis.
• Antibiotics cannot treat acute sinusitis caused by a viral or fungal infection.
• Most cases of acute bacterial sinusitis can be treated without antibiotics.
• Antibiotics are generally used to treat severe, recurrent, or prolonged cases of bacterial infection.
• Antibiotics for acute sinusitis caused by a bacterial infection: amoxicillin, clarithromycin, etc. If the prescribed drug does not help against the infection, or the sinusitis recurs, the doctor may prescribe a different antibiotic.
• If your doctor has prescribed antibiotics for you, you need to complete the full course of treatment. This means that you need to take them for 10 to 14 days, even if the condition has already improved. If antibiotics are stopped early, symptoms may return.

Antifungals

In rare cases, acute sinusitis is caused by a fungal infection. Then intravenous drugs such as amphotericin B or voriconazole must be used. The dose of the drug, as well as how long you need to take it, depends on the severity of the infection and how quickly the symptoms of the disease are weakened.

Immunotherapy

If your sinusitis is accompanied by allergies, your doctor may prescribe allergen-specific immunotherapy, which will reduce your body’s response to allergens and help improve the condition.

Recommendations for home treatment

The following recommendations will help you weaken the symptoms of sinusitis:

• Observe the bed or home mode. This will help your body fight infection and get better sooner.
• Drink plenty of fluids, such as water or juice. This will make the mucus thinner, which will help it drain. Avoid drinks containing caffeine or alcohol as they dehydrate the body. In addition, alcohol can worsen swollen sinuses and nose.
• Steam your nose. Breathe the steam over a bowl of hot water, covering your head with a towel, keeping your face directly above the steam. Or take a hot shower (if you don’t have a fever), breathing warm, moist air. This will help relieve pain and help the mucus pass.
• Apply warm compresses to the face. To relieve facial pain, cover your nose, cheeks, and eyes with a towel soaked in warm water.
• Flush nasal passages. Use a specially designed spray bottle (eg Sinus Rinse) to rinse your nasal passages.
• Sleep with your head elevated. This will help improve passage from the sinuses and reduce nasal congestion.

Prevention of acute sinusitis

th ways. Minimize contact with people who have a cold. Wash your hands frequently with soap, especially before eating.

You can get more detailed information about the treatment and prevention of acute sinusitis from the otolaryngologists of the Health 365 clinic in Yekaterinburg.

Otorhinolaryngology (ENT)

Otolaryngologist

ENT for children

ENT for patients older than 70

Appointment with endoscopy

Diagnostics

Ambulatory

Operations in a hospital

Diagnosis and treatment of acute sinusitis (sinusitis, frontal sinusitis, ethmoiditis, sphenoiditis) in Yekaterinburg in children and adults:

• st.