How does Valtrex work to treat viral infections. What are the common side effects of Valacyclovir. Can Valtrex cause diarrhea. How should Valtrex be taken for optimal effectiveness. What precautions should be considered when using Valacyclovir.

Understanding Valtrex: An Antiviral Medication

Valtrex, also known by its generic name valacyclovir, is a powerful antiviral medication used to combat various herpes virus infections. This prescription drug belongs to a class of medications called antivirals, which work by interfering with the virus’s ability to reproduce and spread.

How does Valtrex work?

Valtrex operates by inhibiting the replication process of the herpes virus. It achieves this by blocking the enzyme responsible for viral DNA synthesis, effectively halting the virus’s ability to multiply and infect nearby healthy cells. While Valtrex doesn’t cure viral infections, it significantly reduces symptoms and speeds up the healing process.

Common Uses of Valtrex

Valtrex is prescribed for several conditions caused by herpes viruses. These include:

• Shingles (herpes zoster)
• Cold sores (oral herpes)
• Genital herpes (initial and recurrent outbreaks)
• Prevention of genital herpes recurrences

In each of these cases, Valtrex helps to shorten the duration of the outbreak, alleviate pain and discomfort, and promote faster healing of the sores.

Can Valtrex prevent the spread of herpes?

Yes, when used as prescribed for genital herpes, Valtrex can reduce the risk of transmitting the infection to others. This is particularly important for individuals in relationships where one partner has genital herpes and the other does not.

Dosage and Administration of Valtrex

The dosage of Valtrex varies depending on the condition being treated and the individual patient’s needs. Here are some general guidelines:

1. For shingles: 1,000 mg three times daily for 7 days
2. For first episode of genital herpes: 1,000 mg twice daily for 10 days
3. For recurrent genital herpes: 500 mg twice daily for 3 days
4. To prevent genital herpes recurrences: 1,000 mg once daily, or 500 mg once daily for those with 9 or fewer recurrences per year
5. For cold sores: 2,000 mg at the first sign of symptoms, followed by another 2,000 mg 12 hours later

When should Valtrex treatment begin?

For optimal effectiveness, Valtrex treatment should be initiated as soon as possible after the onset of symptoms. In the case of shingles and first episodes of genital herpes, treatment should ideally start within 72 hours of the appearance of the rash or symptoms. For cold sores, taking Valtrex at the first sign of tingling, itching, or burning can significantly reduce the severity and duration of the outbreak.

Side Effects of Valtrex: What to Expect

Like all medications, Valtrex can cause side effects in some individuals. While not everyone experiences adverse reactions, it’s essential to be aware of potential issues that may arise during treatment.

Does Valtrex cause diarrhea?

Yes, diarrhea is a known side effect of Valtrex. While not everyone will experience this symptom, it is considered one of the more common gastrointestinal side effects associated with the medication. If you experience persistent or severe diarrhea while taking Valtrex, it’s important to consult your healthcare provider.

Other common side effects of Valtrex include:

• Headache
• Nausea
• Abdominal pain
• Fatigue
• Dizziness
• Skin rash

Most side effects are mild and tend to resolve on their own as the body adjusts to the medication. However, if you experience any severe or persistent side effects, it’s crucial to seek medical attention promptly.

Interactions and Precautions with Valtrex

When taking Valtrex, it’s important to be aware of potential drug interactions and necessary precautions to ensure safe and effective treatment.

Are there any medications that interact with Valtrex?

Yes, Valtrex can interact with several medications. Some notable interactions include:

• Probenecid: This medication used for gout can increase Valtrex levels in the body
• Cimetidine: An antacid that may increase Valtrex concentrations
• Nephrotoxic drugs: Medications that can affect kidney function may increase the risk of side effects when taken with Valtrex

Always inform your healthcare provider about all medications, supplements, and herbal products you’re taking to avoid potential interactions.

What precautions should be taken when using Valtrex?

Several precautions should be considered when using Valtrex:

1. Kidney function: Valtrex is primarily eliminated by the kidneys, so individuals with impaired kidney function may require dose adjustments
2. Hydration: Adequate fluid intake is essential while taking Valtrex to prevent dehydration and reduce the risk of kidney problems
3. Pregnancy and breastfeeding: Consult your doctor if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding before taking Valtrex
4. Elderly patients: Older adults may be more sensitive to the effects of Valtrex and may require closer monitoring
5. Allergies: Inform your doctor of any allergies, especially to acyclovir, as cross-reactivity may occur

Maximizing the Effectiveness of Valtrex Treatment

To get the most benefit from Valtrex treatment, consider the following tips:

• Start treatment as soon as possible after symptoms appear
• Take the medication exactly as prescribed by your doctor
• Complete the full course of treatment, even if symptoms improve before finishing
• Stay well-hydrated throughout the treatment period
• If you experience any unusual side effects, contact your healthcare provider promptly

Can Valtrex be taken with food?

Valtrex can be taken with or without food. However, if you experience stomach upset when taking the medication, consuming it with food may help alleviate this side effect. Regardless of whether you take it with food or on an empty stomach, ensure you’re drinking plenty of water to maintain proper hydration.

Long-term Use of Valtrex: Benefits and Considerations

For some individuals, long-term use of Valtrex may be recommended, particularly for the prevention of recurrent genital herpes outbreaks.

Is long-term use of Valtrex safe?

Generally, long-term use of Valtrex is considered safe and effective when prescribed and monitored by a healthcare professional. However, as with any medication used over an extended period, there are some considerations:

• Regular check-ups: Your doctor may recommend periodic blood tests to monitor kidney function and overall health
• Resistance monitoring: While rare, viral resistance to Valtrex can develop over time, necessitating alternative treatments
• Lifestyle factors: Maintaining a healthy lifestyle, including proper nutrition and stress management, can complement the effectiveness of long-term Valtrex therapy

It’s important to discuss the benefits and potential risks of long-term Valtrex use with your healthcare provider to determine the best treatment plan for your individual needs.

Valtrex vs. Other Antiviral Medications

While Valtrex is a widely prescribed antiviral medication, it’s not the only option available for treating herpes virus infections. Understanding how Valtrex compares to other antivirals can help patients and healthcare providers make informed decisions about treatment.

How does Valtrex compare to acyclovir?

Valtrex (valacyclovir) is actually a prodrug of acyclovir, meaning it’s converted to acyclovir in the body. The main differences between the two are:

• Bioavailability: Valtrex has higher bioavailability, allowing for less frequent dosing
• Convenience: Valtrex typically requires fewer daily doses than acyclovir
• Cost: Acyclovir is often less expensive, as it’s available as a generic medication

Both medications are effective in treating herpes virus infections, and the choice between them often depends on factors such as the specific condition being treated, patient preference, and insurance coverage.

What about famciclovir?

Famciclovir is another antiviral medication used to treat herpes infections. Like Valtrex, it offers the convenience of less frequent dosing compared to acyclovir. The choice between Valtrex and famciclovir may depend on factors such as:

• Individual response to treatment
• Side effect profile
• Cost and insurance coverage
• Specific viral strain and condition being treated

Your healthcare provider can help determine which antiviral medication is most appropriate for your particular situation.

Managing Side Effects of Valtrex

While Valtrex is generally well-tolerated, some individuals may experience side effects. Understanding how to manage these effects can improve the overall treatment experience.

How can diarrhea caused by Valtrex be managed?

If you experience diarrhea while taking Valtrex, consider the following strategies:

1. Stay hydrated by drinking plenty of clear fluids
2. Eat small, frequent meals instead of large ones
3. Avoid foods that can exacerbate diarrhea, such as spicy or fatty foods
4. Consider probiotics to help restore gut balance
5. If diarrhea persists or becomes severe, consult your healthcare provider

What about other common side effects?

For other common side effects of Valtrex, such as headaches or nausea, the following tips may help:

• Headaches: Ensure proper hydration and consider over-the-counter pain relievers if approved by your doctor
• Nausea: Take Valtrex with food and avoid lying down immediately after taking the medication
• Fatigue: Get adequate rest and avoid activities requiring high alertness until you know how Valtrex affects you
• Skin rash: Apply cool compresses and use gentle, fragrance-free moisturizers. If the rash is severe or accompanied by other symptoms, seek medical attention

Remember, if any side effects persist or worsen, it’s important to consult your healthcare provider for personalized advice and potential adjustments to your treatment plan.

Valtrex – Uses, Side Effects, Interactions

How does this medication work? What will it do for me?

Valacyclovir belongs to the class of medications known as antivirals. It is used to treat a viral infection affecting the skin known as shingles (herpes zoster). It is also used to treat cold sores, and to treat and prevent recurrences of genital herpes. It works by interfering with the way the virus reproduces. Valacyclovir works by stopping the virus from multiplying and spreading to nearby healthy cells.

It does not cure shingles, cold sores, or genital herpes, but it does help the sores to heal more quickly, and it relieves pain and discomfort. When used to prevent recurrences of herpes, it also reduces the risk of transmission (spreading) of the infection to others.

This medication may be available under multiple brand names and/or in several different forms. Any specific brand name of this medication may not be available in all of the forms or approved for all of the conditions discussed here. As well, some forms of this medication may not be used for all of the conditions discussed here.

Your doctor may have suggested this medication for conditions other than those listed in these drug information articles. If you have not discussed this with your doctor or are not sure why you are taking this medication, speak to your doctor. Do not stop taking this medication without consulting your doctor.

Do not give this medication to anyone else, even if they have the same symptoms as you do. It can be harmful for people to take this medication if their doctor has not prescribed it.

What form(s) does this medication come in?

500 mg
Each blue, film-coated, capsule-shaped tablet (caplet) printed with edible white ink with “VALTREX 500 mg” contains valacyclovir HCl equivalent to 500 mg valacyclovir. Nonmedicinal ingredients: carnauba wax, cellulose, crospovidone, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, Indigotine Aluminum Lake, magnesium stearate, polyethylene glycol, polysorbate 80, povidone, silicon dioxide, and titanium dioxide.

1,000 mg
Each white, film-coated, capsule-shaped tablet (caplet) printed with edible blue ink with “GX CF2” contains valacyclovir HCl equivalent to 1,000 mg valacyclovir. Nonmedicinal ingredients: carnauba wax, cellulose, crospovidone, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, magnesium stearate, polyethylene glycol, polysorbate 80, povidone, silicon dioxide, and titanium dioxide.

How should I use this medication?

The recommended adult dose of valacyclovir to treat shingles is 1,000 mg 3 times daily for 7 days. The treatment should be started within 72 hours of the onset of the rash.

To treat the first episode of genital herpes, the dose of valacyclovir is 1,000 mg twice daily for 10 days. Treatment should be started within 72 hours of the onset of symptoms, and ideally within 48 hours for best effectiveness.

To treat recurrent genital herpes, the dose of valacyclovir is 500 mg twice daily for 3 days. The treatment should be started at the first sign or symptom of recurrence.

To prevent recurrences of genital herpes, the recommended dose is 1,000 mg once daily. For people with a history of 9 or fewer recurrences per year, the recommended dosage of valacyclovir is 500 mg orally once daily. This dose helps to reduce the risk of transmitting genital herpes to others.

To treat cold sores, the usual dose of valacyclovir is 2,000 mg at the first sign of symptoms, followed by another 2,000 mg 12 hours later. The treatment should be started at the first sign of a cold sore (tingling, itching, or burning sensations) for best effectiveness.

People with poor kidney function may need lower doses.

Many things can affect the dose of medication that a person needs, such as body weight, other medical conditions, and other medications. If your doctor has recommended a dose different from the ones listed here, do not change the way you are using the medication without talking to your doctor.

Valacyclovir can be taken with or without food. If it causes stomach upset, taking it with food may help. Make sure you drink enough water to prevent dehydration while taking valacyclovir.

It is important to take this medication exactly as prescribed by your doctor. If you miss a dose, take it as soon as possible and continue with your regular dosing schedule. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your usual dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one. If you are not sure what to do after missing a dose, contact your doctor or pharmacist for advice.

Store this medication at room temperature, protect it from light and moisture, and keep it out of the reach of children.

Do not dispose of medications in wastewater (e.g. down the sink or in the toilet) or in household garbage. Ask your pharmacist how to dispose of medications that are no longer needed or have expired.

Who should NOT take this medication?

Do not take this medication if you are allergic to valacyclovir, acyclovir, or any ingredients of the medication.

What side effects are possible with this medication?

Many medications can cause side effects. A side effect is an unwanted response to a medication when it is taken in normal doses. Side effects can be mild or severe, temporary or permanent.

The side effects listed below are not experienced by everyone who takes this medication. If you are concerned about side effects, discuss the risks and benefits of this medication with your doctor.

The following side effects have been reported by at least 1% of people taking this medication. Many of these side effects can be managed, and some may go away on their own over time.

Contact your doctor if you experience these side effects and they are severe or bothersome. Your pharmacist may be able to advise you on managing side effects.

• abdominal pain
• diarrhea
• dizziness
• headache
• increased sensitivity to UV light
• nausea
• skin rash
• vomiting

Although most of the side effects listed below don’t happen very often, they could lead to serious problems if you do not seek medical attention.

Check with your doctor as soon as possible if any of the following side effects occur:

• behaviour changes
• confusion
• decreased coordination
• difficulty speaking
• hallucinations
• increased frequency of experiencing infections
• pain in the side between the ribs and hip or kidney area of the back
• signs of anemia caused by red blood cell destruction (e.g., abdominal pain, bloody diarrhea, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, confusion, swelling of hands and feet)
• signs of bleeding (e.g., unusual bruising or bleeding, bleeding gums, unexplained nosebleeds)
• signs of decreased kidney function (e.g., decreased urine production, loss of appetite, nausea)
• tremor
• trouble thinking or making judgements clearly

Stop taking the medication and seek immediate medical attention if any of the following occur:

• seizures
• shortness of breath
• signs of a serious allergic reaction (e. g., abdominal cramps, difficulty breathing, nausea and vomiting, swelling of the face and throat)
• signs of a severe skin reaction (e.g., a rash combined with fever or discomfort, a rash covering a large area of the body, a rash that spreads quickly, blistering, peeling)

Some people may experience side effects other than those listed. Check with your doctor if you notice any symptom that worries you while you are taking this medication.

Are there any other precautions or warnings for this medication?

Before you begin using a medication, be sure to inform your doctor of any medical conditions or allergies you may have, any medications you are taking, whether you are pregnant or breast-feeding, and any other significant facts about your health. These factors may affect how you should use this medication.

Drowsiness/reduced alertness: Valacyclovir may affect the mental or physical abilities needed to drive or operate machinery. Avoid driving, operating machinery, or performing other potentially hazardous tasks until you have determined how you are affected by this medication.

Genital herpes: To reduce the risk of spreading the virus, wash your hands immediately after touching your skin sores. You should avoid intimate contact when live lesions are visible on your skin. The herpes virus can still be spread even when you do not have blisters or sores.

Immunosuppression (weak immune system): People who have a weakened immune system should only use valacyclovir if the benefits outweigh the risks. If you have had an organ transplant, are infected with HIV, or otherwise have a weak immune system, discuss with your doctor how this medication may affect your medical condition, how your medical condition may affect the dosing and effectiveness of this medication, and whether any special monitoring is needed.

Kidney disease: Valacyclovir may cause decreased kidney function or kidney failure. People with kidney disease may need a lower dose of this medication. If you have reduced kidney function or kidney disease, discuss with your doctor how this medication may affect your medical condition, how your medical condition may affect the dosing and effectiveness of this medication, and whether any special monitoring is needed.

If you experience signs of decreased kidney function, such as decreased urine production, nausea, fatigue, or muscle twitches or cramps, contact your doctor as soon as possible.

Safer sex: Valacyclovir, when taken in appropriate doses each day, can reduce the risk of passing genital herpes to sexual partners. It should be used in combination with safer sex practices such as using condoms and dental dams. If you have any questions about practicing safer sex, speak to your doctor.

Systemic infection: The safety and effectiveness of using valacyclovir to treat herpes zoster infection that is inside the body has not been established. This is not an accepted use for this medication.

Pregnancy: Although valacyclovir does not appear to increase the risk of harm to an unborn baby, the safety of valacyclovir use during pregnancy has not been established. This medication should not be used during pregnancy unless the benefits outweigh the risks. If you become pregnant while taking this medication, contact your doctor immediately.

Breast-feeding: This medication passes into breast milk. If you are breast-feeding and are taking valacyclovir, it may affect your baby. Talk to your doctor about whether you should continue breast-feeding.

Children: The safety and effectiveness of using this medication have not been established for children.

Seniors: Seniors are more likely to have decreased kidney function than younger adults. A decreased dose of valacyclovir may be required. It is important for seniors to drink enough water while taking this medication, to stay well-hydrated.

What other drugs could interact with this medication?

There may be an interaction between valacyclovir and any of the following:

• cladribine
• clozapine
• foscarnet
• mycophenolate
• tenofovir
• theophyllines (e.g., aminophylline, theophylline)
• tizanidine
• varicella virus vaccine
• zidovudine
• zoster vaccine

If you are taking any of these medications, speak with your doctor or pharmacist. Depending on your specific circumstances, your doctor may want you to:

• stop taking one of the medications,
• change one of the medications to another,
• change how you are taking one or both of the medications, or
• leave everything as is.

An interaction between two medications does not always mean that you must stop taking one of them. Speak to your doctor about how any drug interactions are being managed or should be managed.

Medications other than those listed above may interact with this medication. Tell your doctor or prescriber about all prescription, over-the-counter (non-prescription), and herbal medications that you are taking. Also tell them about any supplements you take. Since caffeine, alcohol, the nicotine from cigarettes, or street drugs can affect the action of many medications, you should let your prescriber know if you use them.

All material copyright MediResource Inc. 1996 – 2023. Terms and conditions of use. The contents herein are for informational purposes only. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition. Source: www.medbroadcast.com/drug/getdrug/Valtrex

Acyclovir side effects and how to avoid them

Common acyclovir side effects include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and malaise. Here’s how to avoid them.

Common acyclovir side effects | Nausea & vomiting | Diarrhea | Malaise | Injection site reactions | Serious side effects | Anaphylaxis | Stevens-Johnson syndrome | Kidney damage | How long do side effects last? | Warnings | Interactions | How to avoid side effects

Acyclovir, also known by GlaxoSmithKline’s brand name Zovirax, is a prescription antiviral medication approved by the U. S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to treat herpes zoster infections (shingles), recurrent cold sores, chickenpox, and genital herpes. Acyclovir is available as tablets, capsules, liquid suspension, intravenous (IV) injection, and as a cream for topical use. It also comes as a buccal tablet, under the brand name Sitavig, that dissolves in the mouth.

Acyclovir is a member of a class of drugs called synthetic nucleoside analogues. It works by interfering with the viral replication of the herpes viruses. Although it is not a cure for herpes infections, acyclovir decreases the severity and length of the herpes virus outbreaks.

As with any medication, it is important to be aware of adverse effects and drug-drug interactions before beginning therapy. The following drug information highlights potential acyclovir side effects and how to avoid them.

RELATED: Acyclovir coupons | What is acyclovir?

Common side effects of acyclovir

The most common side effects of acyclovir include:

• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Diarrhea
• Headache
• Malaise (general weakness or discomfort)
• Feeling dizzy
• Arthralgia (joint pain)
• Rash
• Lethargy
• Confusion
• Agitation
• Photosensitivity (hypersensitive to exposure to sunlight)

Side effects may vary depending on the form of acyclovir you use.

These are not all the possible side effects of acyclovir. For more information regarding side effects talk to your healthcare professional.

Nausea and vomiting

In genital herpes clinical studies, 2.7% of patients reported nausea and/or vomiting during short-term treatment (10 days of therapy) and 4.8% of patients reported nausea in long-term treatment (12 months of therapy). In clinical trials involving IV infusion, nausea and/or vomiting were reported by 7% of patients.

Diarrhea 

Diarrhea was the most frequent adverse event seen in the chickenpox clinical studies with 3.2% of patients.

Malaise

The most frequent adverse event reported during the herpes zoster (shingles) clinical trials was malaise (11.5%), although 11.1% of the participants receiving placebo, or sugar pills, also reported malaise.

Injection site reactions

The most frequent adverse events seen in patients receiving the IV infusion of acyclovir during clinical trials was inflammation at the injection site or phlebitis (inflammation of the walls of the vein) at 7%.

Serious side effects of acyclovir

Acyclovir may cause the following rare, but serious side effects:

• Anaphylaxis (severe allergic reaction)
• Stevens-Johnson syndrome
• Kidney failure
• Hallucinations
• Psychosis
• Encephalopathy (damage or disease that affects the brain)
• Seizures
• Coma
• Leukopenia (a reduction in the number of white cells in the blood)
• Thrombocytopenia (deficiency of platelets in the blood)
• Neutropenia (deficiency of neutrophils in the blood)
• Angioedema (swelling of the tissue just under the skin) 
• Erythema multiforme (red, raised skin areas that can appear all over the body)
• Toxic epidermal necrolysis (a serious skin disorder characterized by a blistering and peeling of the skin)
• Hepatitis

Anaphylaxis

Anaphylaxis, or anaphylactic shock, is a severe allergic reaction that may occur if you are hypersensitive to a drug and may require immediate medical care. Symptoms of an anaphylactic reaction may include:

• Skin rash
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Difficulty breathing
• Shock

Stevens-Johnson syndrome

Stevens-Johnson syndrome is a rare but severe form of allergic reaction that requires immediate medical care. Symptoms may include:

• Flu-like symptoms
• Painful red blisters around the mouth, throat, eyes, or genitals
• Red or purple skin rash
• Peeling skin
• Fatigue
• Diarrhea
• Nausea and vomiting
• Fever

Kidney damage

Antiviral drugs such as acyclovir have been known to cause acute kidney injury, particularly when administered by IV. Risk factors for developing acyclovir-induced kidney problems include hypovolemia (abnormal decrease in the volume of blood usually due to dehydration), rapid IV infusion, too high a dose of acyclovir in relation to kidney function, and simultaneous use of other drugs toxic to the kidney. Kidney toxicity has been found to occur in approximately 12% to 48% of the cases involving IV administration. The incidence of kidney damage from oral dosing of acyclovir is less clear.

Dosage adjustment is recommended when giving acyclovir to patients with kidney impairment or who are also on other medicines that may be toxic to the kidney since this may increase the risk of kidney dysfunction, particularly when using IV acyclovir. 

How long do acyclovir side effects last?

Most side effects of acyclovir that occur usually do not need medical attention. These side effects may go away during treatment as your body adjusts to the medicine. However, if you have an allergic reaction you should notify your healthcare professional immediately. 

Acyclovir contraindications and warnings

• Acyclovir should not be taken by anyone hypersensitive to any active or inactive ingredient or Valtrex (valacyclovir), which is a similar antiviral medication. 
• Other medical conditions may affect how acyclovir affects you, specifically:
  • If you are dehydrated or have kidney disease it may increase blood levels of acyclovir, increasing the chance of side effects.
  • If you have nervous system problems, acyclovir may make these problems worse.
• Acyclovir cream should only be applied on the external affected areas of the lips and face in patients with cold sores and not in the eye or inside the mouth or nose.
• Acyclovir for injection is intended for IV use only and should not be used topically, orally, on the skin, or in the eye.

Abuse and dependence

Acyclovir is not habit-forming or addictive, and there are no withdrawal symptoms associated with discontinuing acyclovir. 

Missed dose

If you miss a dose, take the missed dose as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and take your next dose at the regular time. Do not take two doses of acyclovir at the same time.

Overdose

Oral overdoses involving ingestion of up to 100 capsules (equal to 20 grams) have been reported. Adverse events reported with overdose include agitation, coma, seizures, and lethargy. You should report any overdose situation to your healthcare professional.

Overdosage has been reported following inappropriately high doses given to patients by IV infusion whose fluid and electrolyte balance were not properly monitored. This has resulted in elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine levels causing kidney failure. Lethargy, convulsions, and coma have been reported. Overdose patients may require hemodialysis until kidney function is restored.

Overdose events using acyclovir cream topically are unlikely because there is very little absorption into the bloodstream.

Pregnancy and breastfeeding

There are no adequate and well-controlled clinical studies in pregnant women. Use acyclovir during pregnancy only if the potential benefit outweighs the risk. This drug has been found in breast milk following oral administration. Nursing mothers should take it with caution and only when the potential benefit outweighs the risk. A woman’s healthcare provider is the best source of information when considering the use of acyclovir while pregnant or breastfeeding.

Acyclovir interactions

Taking acyclovir with any of the following medicines is not recommended:

• Arava (leflunomide)
• Aubagio (teriflunomide)
• Foscavir (foscarnet)
• Valtrex (valacyclovir)
• Vistide (cidofovir)

Taking acyclovir with any of the following medicines may cause an increased risk of side effects:

• Dilantin (phenytoin)
• Depakene (valproic acid)
• Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen or naproxen

This is not a comprehensive list and other drugs may interact with acyclovir including prescription drugs as well as nonprescription products such as over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. Consult your healthcare professional for professional medical advice regarding medicines to avoid while taking acyclovir.

How to avoid acyclovir side effects

1.

Carefully read the patient information you receive

Carefully read the patient information you receive about the treatment of herpes, chickenpox, or shingles before using acyclovir. Acyclovir is best used as soon as possible after the symptoms of chickenpox, herpes, or shingles appear (for example, pain, burning, or blisters).

2. Discuss kidney health with your provider

Tell your healthcare professional if you have or have had kidney problems, as acyclovir can cause kidney injury.

3. Follow all instructions for taking acyclovir

It is important to keep taking acyclovir for the full time of treatment as directed by your healthcare professional even if your symptoms begin to clear up after a few days. 

When taking oral acyclovir:

• You may take oral acyclovir without regard to meals. 
• When using acyclovir oral suspension use a measuring spoon to measure each dose accurately.

When using acyclovir buccal tablets:

• Use within one hour after you have the first symptom of a cold sore, such as itching, redness, burning, or tingling, and before a cold sore appears.
• Apply the tablet to your upper gum, just above your incisor tooth, on the same side of your mouth as the cold sore symptoms.
• You may eat and drink while using the tablet.
• Do not crush, chew, suck, or swallow the buccal tablet.
• Leave the tablet in place as it slowly dissolves over time while in your mouth.
• If the tablet does not stick to your upper gum or falls off of your upper gum within the first six hours after you apply it, the same tablet should be placed back onto your upper gum right away.
• Gently rinse your mouth with water to clean your teeth while the tablet is in place.
• Drink more liquids if your mouth becomes dry while using the tablet.
• If you swallow the tablet within the first six hours of applying it, drink a glass of water and place a new tablet onto your upper gum.

When using acyclovir cream: 

• Wash hands prior to application and ensure the face and/or lips are clean and dry.  
• Apply enough acyclovir cream to cover the affected area including the outer margin.
• Avoid unnecessary rubbing of the affected area to avoid aggravating the infection.
• Wash hands with soap and water after using acyclovir cream.

4. Hydrate while taking acyclovir

It is important to take acyclovir with a full glass of water and to drink plenty of liquids during therapy to avoid becoming dehydrated.

5. Know when to contact a healthcare professional

If your symptoms do not improve within a few days of starting acyclovir treatment, or if they become worse, contact your healthcare professional.

For herpes, side effects, composition

THERE ARE CONTRAINDICATIONS. POSSIBLE SIDE EFFECTS. A SPECIALIST’S CONSULTATION IS NECESSARY. In case of a cold

Author of the article

Khokhrina Kristina Sergeevna, pharmacist

All authors

Contents of the article

• Valtrex: composition
• Valtrex: active ingredient
• Valtrex: side effects
• Valtrex and alcohol: compatibility
• Valtrex or Aciclovir: which is better
• Valtrex or Valaciclovir
• Valtrex or Valvir: which is more effective
• Summary
• Ask an expert on the topic of the article

Many people have experienced a “cold” on the lips. The reason is the herpes simplex virus, which most often affects the skin around the lips, eyelids and genitals. According to statistics, about 3.7 billion people under the age of 50 in the world are infected with the herpes virus. This is almost 67% of the population. In most cases, the infection is asymptomatic. However, it can manifest itself at any unfavorable moment. For example, with a decrease in immunity.

The pharmacist will tell you about the Valtrex preparation: will acquaint you with its composition, active substance and side effects, and also compare it with analogues.

Valtrex: Composition

Valtrex is an antiviral drug based on Valaciclovir. Produced in Spain in the form of tablets of 500 mg. The drug blocks the reproduction of the virus by embedding in its DNA with a further chain break. In addition, the drug reduces the severity and duration of pain in certain diseases. For example, with herpes zoster.

Valtrex is available exclusively in tablet form. Valtrex ointment is not registered in Russia. Tablet excipients: microcrystalline cellulose, crospovidone, magnesium stearate and silicon dioxide, white opadry and carnauba wax.

All products Valtrex

20 reviews

Valtrex: active ingredient

Valtrex tablets contain valaciclovir as an active ingredient. The drug is active against herpes viruses, cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus and others. Thus, indications for the use of Valtrex:

• Treatment of infections of the skin and mucous membranes caused by the herpes simplex virus, including genital and labial (affecting the skin around the lips and face) form
• Herpes zoster treatment
• Prevention of recurrence of herpes infections, including in immunocompromised people
• Prevention of cytomegalovirus infection and diseases after organ transplantation

Calculation of the dosage and duration of taking the drug is carried out by the attending physician, based on the indications and the severity of the process. So, for the treatment of herpes simplex virus in adults and children from 12 to 18 years old, Valtrex 500 mg is used 2 times a day.

Valtrex side effects

Valtrex herpes tablets may cause the following side effects:

• Headache and dizziness
• Nausea and vomiting
• Abdominal discomfort and diarrhea
• Confusion
• Shortness of breath
• Skin eruptions including photosensitivity and itching
• Reversible liver dysfunction
• Renal disorders
• Renal failure in patients with severe immune disorders

Valtrex and alcohol: compatibility

Valtrex and alcohol are incompatible. The simultaneous use of the drug and alcoholic beverages increases the risk of side effects. In particular, the detrimental effect on the liver, central nervous system and gastrointestinal tract. Drinking alcohol can provoke the development of hepatitis, gastritis and stomach ulcers, as well as increase the headache.

Valtrex or Aciclovir: which is better

Aciclovir is available from many pharmaceutical companies in the form of tablets, ointment and cream for external use, and powder for solution for intravenous injection.

Valaciclovir is a derivative of acyclovir with the addition of an amino acid called valine. Due to this composition, Valtrex is absorbed faster and can be used to treat cytomegalovirus infection in adults. In addition, Valtrex and Acyclovir have the following differences:

• Acyclovir tablets can be used to treat children from 3 years old, while Valtrex is indicated only from 12 years old. Accordingly, Acyclovir is used to treat chickenpox in children.
• Valtex tablets are more convenient to use. For example, in the treatment of herpes simplex virus, Valtrex is taken 2 times a day, and Acyclovir 5 times a day or every 4 hours.
• Aciclovir is available as an ointment and cream, which allows the drug to be used to treat the skin of the face and lips.
• The cost of Valtrex is several times higher.

Thus, for the treatment of cytomegalovirus infection, the drug of choice is Valtrex, and chickenpox in children is Acyclovir. The final decision on the appointment of the drug remains with the doctor.

All products Aciclovir

20 reviews

Valtrex or Valaciclovir

Valaciclovir is produced in Russia and India on the basis of the substance of the same name. The drugs are almost identical: they have the same indications for use, contraindications and side effects. Their differences are in the producing countries and price category: Valaciclovir is two times cheaper. Therefore, the choice between Valtrex or Valaciclovir is recommended to be made based on personal preferences and price range.

All products Valaciclovir

20 reviews

Valtrex or Valvir: which is more effective

Valvir is a drug whose active ingredient is Valaciclovir. The medicine is produced in Bulgaria in the form of tablets. Valtrex and Valvir are similar in all therapeutic parameters. However, Valvir is available in an additional dosage of 1000 mg. This is convenient for use in patients with a need for an increased dosage, since the frequency of taking pills and their number per dose is reduced.

All products Valvir

5 reviews

Summary

• Valtrex is an antiviral drug based on Valaciclovir.
• The drug is active against herpes viruses, cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus and others.
• Calculation of the dosage and duration of taking the drug is carried out by the attending physician, based on the indications and the severity of the process.
• Valtrex and alcohol are incompatible.
• For the treatment of cytomegalovirus infection, the drug of choice is Valtrex, and chickenpox in children is Acyclovir.
• The choice between Valtrex or Valaciclovir is recommended based on personal preference and price range.
• Valvir is available in an additional dosage of 1000 mg, which is convenient for use in patients with a need for a higher dosage

Ask an expert on the topic of the article

Still have questions? Ask them in the comments below and our experts will answer you. There you can also share your experience with other Megatips readers.

Share the mega tip

Like this article? Tell mom, dad, grandma and aunt Galya from the third entrance

Copy link

Side effects and interactions of Valtrex and how to avoid them – Information About the Drug

Home >> Product Information >> Valtrex Side Effects and Interactions and How to Avoid Them

Product Information

If you’ve ever had shingles or herpes, you know how annoying these infections can be. Valtrex is an antiviral drug that can help relieve the symptoms of viral infections such as shingles or chickenpox. This article provides an overview of medication information, including Valtrex side effects, warnings, and drug interactions that you should be aware of before taking medication.

What is Valtrex?

Valtrex belongs to a group of medicines called antivirals that work by slowing the growth and spread of viruses such as herpes simplex, shingles, and chickenpox. Valtrex is the brand name for valaciclovir hydrochloride. The brand and generic drugs are chemically the same, work the same way, and are equally effective in treating infections caused by the herpes virus.

Infections caused by the herpes virus include herpes, genital herpes, shingles, and chicken pox. Valtrex does not cure herpes infection, but can treat symptoms like herpes sores and blisters. Valtrex is not an over-the-counter drug, so if you have a herpes infection you will need a prescription.

Some people may need seven to 10 days for Valtrex to start working, while others may experience relief of their symptoms in a day or two. The time it takes for symptoms to go away will depend on your age, the severity of your symptoms, and your metabolism.

Valtrex for herpes

Many people wonder if Valtrex will stop the formation of herpes. Valtrex should be taken at the first signs of herpes (tingling, itching, burning) to prevent them from worsening and to prevent the development of other herpes. However, it is not a cure for herpes. He considers them only as a symptom of a viral infection.

Valtrex for genital herpes

Even if you are taking Valtrex, an outbreak is possible. If you are taking Valtrex repeatedly for genital herpes and you have an outbreak, it is important to avoid sexual contact with your partner so that the virus does not spread to them. Even if you don’t have an outbreak, using condoms is a good idea to prevent transmission.

Also, if you’re wondering if your uninfected partner can take Valtrex without getting hurt, the answer is no. Those who do not have the herpes simplex virus should not take medication because of what they do not have. This can cause serious side effects or health problems.

Common side effects of Valtrex

Valtrex may cause side effects such as:

• Dizziness
• Vomiting
• Weight gain
• Irritability
• Fatigue
• Sleep problems
• Concentration problems
• Loss of appetite

9004 9 Skin rash

• Bleeding gums
• Sore throat
• Diarrhea
• Joint pain

It is not known if Valtrex causes other side effects such as hair loss, weight gain, dry mouth, or any other symptoms not listed by the Food and Drug Administration US (FDA). This is not a complete list of side effects. Other side effects may occur. If you have any questions about the side effects of Valtrex, check with your doctor.

Frequently asked question about Valtrex: Does it cause frequent urination? This will not necessarily make you urinate more, but you should drink plenty of water while taking Valtrex so that your kidneys can process it as best as possible. Therefore, this extra hydration can lead to frequent urination.

Serious side effects of Valtrex

Although rare, Valtrex may cause more serious side effects that may require medical attention, including:

• Hallucinations
• Aggressive behavior
• Seizures
• Confusion
• Speech problems
• Unusual bruising or bleeding
• Depression
• Low blood cell count
• Painful periods in women

If you are taking Valtrex and have any of these symptoms, you should seek medical attention as soon as possible.

If you have any signs of an allergic reaction, such as difficulty breathing, hives, or swelling of your face, mouth, or throat, you should seek emergency medical attention right away.

Other serious side effects that can potentially occur with Valtrex include:

• Inflammation of the liver.
• Renal toxicity
• Renal failure
• A serious blood disorder called thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura/hemolytic uremic syndrome (TTP/HUS).

Some patients are more susceptible to these serious side effects than others. Check with your doctor to see if you are at risk.

These side effects are very rare. Antivirals are effective in treating viral infections, but after long-term use, they can eventually weaken the immune system by affecting immune cells. It’s usually only a problem for older people and people with weakened immune systems. Even if it’s not usually taken for a long period of time, if your doctor really wants you to take it for a long time, that’s fine. Some studies have even shown that long-term use of Valtrex is well tolerated by healthy individuals.

If you have side effects from Valtrex and are thinking about stopping your medication, you should call your doctor before doing so. Abruptly stopping Valtrex may cause new side effects or worsen symptoms. If you stop taking Valtrex earlier than you should, your viral infection may get worse because the medication hasn’t had a chance to work properly.

Warnings Valtrex

Although Valtrex is very effective in treating herpes infections, not everyone should take it.

Major health conditions

You should talk to your doctor before taking Valtrex if you have any of the following conditions:

• HIV : HIV suppresses the immune system and increases the chance of contracting other diseases. People with HIV taking Valtrex significantly increase their risk of getting TTP/HUS, a serious blood disorder.
• Kidney or bone marrow transplant : If you are taking Valtrex and are considering a bone marrow or kidney transplant, you should talk to your doctor. Your risk of getting TTP/HUS will increase significantly if you take Valtrex at the time of your transplant.
• Kidney problems or kidney disease : People with kidney problems or kidney disease may experience worsening of symptoms or kidney failure if they take Valtrex.

Due to its ability to adversely affect the kidneys, some people wonder if Valtrex also affects the liver, but studies have shown that this is rarely associated with mild liver damage and resolves quickly.

Age restrictions

If you are over 65, it is best to consult your doctor before taking Valtrex. Older people may have a higher risk of side effects and are more prone to kidney problems because of this. This does not mean that you cannot take Valtrex over the age of 65. Your doctor may simply recommend a lower dose.

Pregnancy and lactation

Pregnant women If they plan to take Valtrex, they should talk to their doctor to find out how it might affect their pregnancy. In laboratory studies, Valtrex did not affect the fetus; however, Valtrex has not been properly tested in pregnancy, says Vikram Tarugu, MD, gastroenterologist and CEO of South Florida Detox. The safety of Valtrex during breastfeeding has not been proven. Breastfeeding women should consult with their physician about other approaches to breastfeeding.

Valtrex interactions

Taking Valtrex at the same time as certain other medicines may cause additional side effects or complications. You should consult your doctor before taking Valtrex if you are taking any of these medicines:

• Foscarnet
• Aciclovir
• Famciclovir
• Nephrotoxic agents
• Bacitracin

9004 9 Methotrexate

• Cancer drugs
• Arthritis medicines
• Medicines used to prevent organ transplant rejection
• Also talk to your doctor if you have recently received the varicella-zoster virus vaccine (live) or the shingles virus vaccine (live, Zostavax, not Shingrix).

Bring a complete list of all prescription drugs and supplements you take to your doctor so he or she can decide if Valtrex is right for you.

There are currently no known interactions between Valtrex and grapefruit or grapefruit juice, which can sometimes affect how much the drug stays in the body at one time.

On the other hand, it is better to avoid alcohol while taking Valtrex. This is because the combination of alcohol and Valtrex can cause excessive sleepiness and dizziness.

When it comes to caffeine and Tylenol, the two substances most likely to be consumed while taking Valtrex, they can be taken unless directed otherwise by a healthcare professional.

How to avoid the side effects of Valtrex

1. Take the right dose at the right time of the day.

This is the best way to avoid the side effects of Valtrex. Here are the standard dosages of Valtrex for adults and children: 04 Standard dosage Herpes Adults 2 g twice daily for one day at 12 hour intervals Herpes Children (12 years and older) 2 g twice daily for one day at 12 hour intervals Herpes zoster Adults 1 g thrice daily for 7 days Varicella 2 years to Dose based on weight (20 mg/kg) given 3 times daily for 5 days Total dose not to exceed 1 gram thrice daily for 5 days Genital herpes (initial episode) Adults 1 g twice a day for 10 days

These dosages are only general recommendations. If your doctor prescribes Valtrex differently, you must follow his instructions. Valtrex is most effective when started immediately after symptoms appear, so contact your doctor immediately if you have symptoms. It is safe to take Valtrex every day if you are instructed to do so.

If you miss Valtrex, you should take your next dose as soon as possible. Taking the missed dose as soon as you remember what you missed will help prevent your herpes infection from getting worse. Taking two doses at the same time can cause serious side effects, so if you miss a dose, take only one dose if you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and return to your regular schedule.

It is also important to remember that Valtrex has an expiration date of like any other medicine. Look at the expiration date on your prescription label to find out how long your particular version of Valtrex is good for. Expired medicines may be less effective and risky to take.