Do antibiotics treat bladder infections effectively. Which antibiotics are commonly prescribed for UTIs. Is doxycycline an appropriate choice for urinary tract infections. How do healthcare providers select the best antibiotic for UTI treatment.

Understanding Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs)

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common bacterial infections that can cause significant discomfort and, if left untreated, potentially lead to serious complications. The most frequent type of UTI is a bladder infection, which occurs when bacteria enter the bladder through the urethra.

What causes UTIs? Several factors can increase the risk of developing a UTI, including:

• Structural issues in the urinary tract
• Poor or improper hygiene
• Sexual activity
• Pregnancy

When bacteria invade the bladder, the body’s immune response triggers inflammation and irritation, resulting in various symptoms.

Common Symptoms of UTIs

How can you recognize a UTI? Be aware of these typical signs:

• Burning or pain during urination
• Frequent urge to urinate with minimal output
• Foul-smelling urine
• Potential loss of bladder control

The Importance of Antibiotic Treatment for UTIs

Are antibiotics necessary for treating UTIs? In most cases, yes. Seeking prompt medical attention for a UTI is crucial to prevent the infection from worsening or spreading to the kidneys. Untreated UTIs can potentially lead to a life-threatening blood infection called sepsis.

Healthcare providers typically prescribe antibiotics to effectively combat the bacteria causing the infection. The choice of antibiotic depends on various factors, including the patient’s medical history, allergies, and the specific bacteria involved.

Selecting the Right Antibiotic for UTI Treatment

How do healthcare providers determine the most appropriate antibiotic for a UTI? The process involves several considerations:

1. Urine sample analysis to identify the causative bacteria
2. Review of the patient’s medical history and allergies
3. Evaluation of past antibiotic usage
4. Assessment of the patient’s anatomy
5. Determination of infection complexity (simple vs. complex)

Complex UTIs may require different treatment approaches, particularly in cases involving pregnancy, abnormal urinary anatomy, or a history of recurrent infections.

Common Antibiotics Used for UTI Treatment

Which antibiotics are most frequently prescribed for simple UTIs? Healthcare providers often select from the following options:

• Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim, Bactrim DS, Sulfatrim)
• Nitrofurantoin (Macrobid, Macrodantin)
• Fosfomycin (Monurol)

These antibiotics have proven effective in treating uncomplicated UTIs and are generally well-tolerated by most patients.

Alternative Antibiotic Options for UTIs

In certain situations, healthcare providers may prescribe other antibiotics that are effective against UTIs but are not as commonly used. These include:

• Doxycycline (tetracycline): Often reserved for complicated UTIs, particularly in men
• Ciprofloxacin (Cipro): Effective but associated with potential serious side effects, such as tendon rupture
• Amoxicillin-clavulanate (Augmentin) and cephalexin (Keflex): Penicillin-like drugs that may be avoided in some patients due to allergy risks

It’s important to note that while antibiotics like azithromycin (Zithromax, Z-Pak) and clindamycin (Cleocin) are effective against various bacterial infections, they are not considered standard treatments for UTIs.

Doxycycline for UTI Treatment: Is It Effective?

Can doxycycline effectively treat UTIs? While not typically the first-line treatment for simple UTIs, doxycycline can be an appropriate choice in certain situations. Healthcare providers may consider prescribing doxycycline for complicated UTIs, particularly those occurring in men or cases where other antibiotics have proven ineffective.

Why is doxycycline sometimes chosen for UTI treatment?

• Broad-spectrum antibiotic effective against various bacteria
• Can penetrate prostate tissue, making it useful for UTIs in men
• May be effective against antibiotic-resistant strains
• Can be used in patients allergic to other common UTI antibiotics

However, it’s crucial to remember that doxycycline should only be used under the guidance of a healthcare professional, as it may not be suitable for everyone and can have potential side effects.

Over-the-Counter Options for UTI Symptom Relief

Are there any over-the-counter (OTC) medications available for UTI treatment? While antibiotics require a prescription, some OTC options can provide temporary relief from UTI symptoms:

• Phenazopyridine (including brand names Azo and Uristat): Helps alleviate pain and discomfort during urination

It’s important to understand that OTC medications only address symptoms and do not treat the underlying infection. Always consult with a healthcare provider before using any OTC products for UTI relief.

Proper Steps to Take When Suspecting a UTI

What should you do if you think you have a UTI? The most crucial step is to contact your healthcare provider promptly. This ensures you receive an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

Why is early intervention important for UTIs?

• Prevents the infection from spreading to the kidneys
• Reduces the risk of complications
• Allows for timely and effective treatment
• Helps alleviate symptoms more quickly

Remember, while UTIs are common, they should always be taken seriously and treated under medical supervision.

Preventing Future UTIs: Proactive Measures

How can you reduce your risk of developing UTIs in the future? Consider implementing these preventive strategies:

• Stay well-hydrated by drinking plenty of water
• Urinate frequently and completely, especially after sexual activity
• Practice proper hygiene, wiping from front to back after using the bathroom
• Avoid using irritating feminine products in the genital area
• Consider cranberry supplements or juice, which may help prevent UTIs in some individuals

By adopting these habits, you can potentially reduce your chances of experiencing recurrent UTIs and maintain better urinary tract health.

The Role of Antibiotic Resistance in UTI Treatment

Why is antibiotic resistance a concern in UTI treatment? As bacteria evolve and adapt to commonly used antibiotics, some strains become resistant to traditional treatments. This can make UTIs more challenging to treat and may require the use of alternative or stronger antibiotics.

How does antibiotic resistance impact UTI treatment?

• May lead to the need for multiple rounds of antibiotics
• Can result in longer recovery times
• Increases the risk of complications
• May necessitate the use of broader-spectrum antibiotics with potential side effects

To combat antibiotic resistance, healthcare providers carefully consider antibiotic choices and may request urine cultures to identify the most effective treatment options.

Special Considerations for UTIs in Different Populations

How do UTI treatments differ for various groups of people? Certain populations may require special considerations when it comes to UTI diagnosis and treatment:

UTIs in Pregnancy

Pregnant women are more susceptible to UTIs due to hormonal and physical changes. Treatment must be carefully selected to ensure safety for both mother and fetus.

UTIs in Men

While less common, UTIs in men often indicate a more complex underlying issue and may require longer treatment courses or different antibiotic choices, such as doxycycline.

UTIs in Older Adults

Elderly individuals may present with atypical symptoms and are at higher risk for complications. Treatment may need to be adjusted based on other health conditions and medications.

Recurrent UTIs

People experiencing frequent UTIs may benefit from preventive strategies or long-term, low-dose antibiotic therapy under medical supervision.

The Importance of Completing Antibiotic Courses for UTIs

Why is it crucial to finish the entire prescribed course of antibiotics for a UTI? Completing the full antibiotic treatment is essential for several reasons:

• Ensures complete eradication of the infection-causing bacteria
• Reduces the risk of recurrent infections
• Helps prevent the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria
• Minimizes the chance of complications from untreated or partially treated UTIs

Even if symptoms improve before the antibiotic course is complete, it’s vital to continue taking the medication as prescribed by your healthcare provider.

Potential Complications of Untreated UTIs

What are the risks associated with leaving a UTI untreated? Ignoring a UTI or failing to complete antibiotic treatment can lead to serious complications:

• Kidney infections (pyelonephritis)
• Permanent kidney damage
• Sepsis, a life-threatening blood infection
• Increased risk of premature birth or low birth weight in pregnant women
• Recurrent infections that become increasingly difficult to treat

These potential complications underscore the importance of seeking prompt medical attention and adhering to prescribed treatments for UTIs.

Emerging Research and Future Treatments for UTIs

What new developments are on the horizon for UTI treatment? Researchers are actively exploring innovative approaches to combat UTIs and address the growing concern of antibiotic resistance:

• Bacteriophage therapy: Using viruses that specifically target and destroy bacteria
• Immunomodulatory treatments: Enhancing the body’s natural immune response to fight infections
• Probiotics: Investigating the role of beneficial bacteria in preventing and treating UTIs
• Novel antibiotic formulations: Developing new drugs or combinations to overcome resistance
• Vaccines: Exploring preventive measures to reduce the incidence of UTIs

While these potential treatments are still in various stages of research and development, they offer hope for more effective and targeted UTI management in the future.

The Importance of Proper Diagnosis in UTI Treatment

Why is accurate diagnosis crucial for effective UTI treatment? Proper identification of the infection and its causative bacteria ensures that the most appropriate antibiotic is prescribed. This process typically involves:

• Urine analysis to detect the presence of bacteria and white blood cells
• Urine culture to identify the specific bacterial strain and its antibiotic susceptibility
• Imaging studies in cases of recurrent or complicated UTIs to rule out structural abnormalities

Accurate diagnosis not only leads to more effective treatment but also helps prevent the unnecessary use of antibiotics, which can contribute to antibiotic resistance.

Lifestyle Modifications to Support UTI Recovery

What lifestyle changes can help support recovery from a UTI? In addition to taking prescribed antibiotics, certain habits can aid in the healing process and alleviate symptoms:

• Increasing fluid intake to flush out bacteria
• Avoiding irritants such as caffeine, alcohol, and spicy foods
• Using a heating pad to relieve abdominal discomfort
• Practicing good hygiene, especially during and after sexual activity
• Wearing breathable, cotton underwear
• Urinating frequently and completely to help expel bacteria

These simple modifications can complement medical treatment and promote faster recovery from UTIs.

Do you need antibiotics for bladder infection?

If you’ve ever had a bladder infection, you likely remember the discomfort that came with it. A bladder infection is the most common type of urinary tract infection (UTI), and the symptoms can range from unpleasant to severe. UTI treatment typically involves taking antibiotics prescribed by a healthcare provider.

What is a UTI?

A UTI occurs when bacteria enter the bladder via the urethra, the tube through which urine leaves the body. Bacteria can come from several places, but certain factors can increase the risk of getting a UTI, including structural issues in the urinary tract, poor or improper hygiene, sexual activity and pregnancy. When bacteria enters the bladder, the body responds the way it does to other infections, which includes swelling and irritation. The symptoms can include burning or pain when you pee, the urge to pee while only producing a few drops, foul-smelling urine and even the loss of bladder control.

Are antibiotics
necessary for a UTI?

Treatment of urinary tract infections typically involves the use of antibiotics. Seeking medical attention for a UTI is important for timely treatment before your symptoms get worse. If left untreated, the infection may also continue up the urinary tract and into the kidneys. At this point, a life-threatening blood infection called sepsis is possible.

How
do healthcare providers choose an antibiotic for a UTI?

Healthcare providers will consider several factors when prescribing antibiotics for UTI. They may ask for a urine sample to identify the bacteria causing the infection. A healthcare provider will also consider the person’s medical history, including allergies and past antibiotic usage, as well as anatomy. If the infection occurs in an otherwise healthy person, it may be a simple infection. A more complex infection may be the case if the person is pregnant, has an abnormal urinary anatomy or has a history of recurrent UTIs.  

Which specific antibiotics are used for UTIs?

Some antibiotics commonly used to treat simple UTIs include:

• Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim, Bactrim DS, Sulfatrim)
• Nitrofurantoin (Macrobid, Macrodantin)
• Fosfomycin (Monurol)

Other antibiotics can be effective at treating UTIs but may not be prescribed as often. Some of these medications are not appropriate for certain people or are reserved for more complicated cases. For example, doxycycline (tetracycyline) is an antibiotic that can be used for complicated UTIs, typically those that might be found in men.

Ciprofloxacin (Cipro) is a medication that may effectively treat UTIs but can lead to serious side effects, such as tendon rupture. For this reason, this medication is usually used for more serious infections or when individuals are resistant to or are unable to tolerate the more common options.

There is a group of penicillin and penicillin-like drugs, such as amoxicillin-clavulanate (Augmentin) and cephalexin (Keflex), that can be used for UTIs, but may be avoided in some people due to risk of allergies.

Although azithromycin (Zithromax, Z-Pak) and clindamycin (Cleocin) are often used to treat other bacterial infections effectively, these medications are not considered standard of care for the treatment of a UTI.

Before prescribing an antibiotic for a UTI, your healthcare provider will likely review your medical history, including any antibiotics you have taken recently. Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions when taking antibiotics.

Is there a UTI
medicine available over the counter?

While antibiotics have to be prescribed by a healthcare provide, there are over-the-counter (OTC) medicines for UTIs, such as phenazopyridine (including Azo and Uristat) for the temporary relief of pain or discomfort while urinating. Although OTC medications may help ease symptoms of a UTI, they won’t make the infection go away. You should not take an OTC medication for a UTI without first talking to your healthcare provider.

What should you do if
you think you have a UTI?

The most important thing to do when experiencing symptoms of a UTI is to contact your healthcare provider. This will help ensure you receive the right diagnosis and treatment.

Published October 2022.

Sources:

1. https://www.cdc.gov/antibiotic-use/uti.html
2. https://www.urologyhealth.org/urology-a-z/u/urinary-tract-infections-in-adults
3. https://www.uchicagomedicine.org/forefront/womens-health-articles/what-you-should-know-about-urinary-tract-infections
4. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/urinary-tract-infection/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20353453
5. https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2014/050162s092s093lbl.pdf
6. https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/050710s44-050711s41-050784s28lbl.pdf
7. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/penicillin-allergy/symptoms-causes/syc-20376222
8. https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/ciprofloxacin-oral-route/side-effects/drg-20072288
9. https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/2020/06/11/treatment-options-for-urinary-tract-infections-understanding-utis-part-5/
10.  https://www. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482435/
11. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470195/

Does doxycycline treat kidney infection

If you are allergic to doxycycline or other tetracycline antibiotics such as demeclocycline, minocycline, tetracycline, or tigecycline, you should not take this medication.

Does doxycycline treat kidney infection? To ensure if doxycycline is suitable for you, inform your doctor if you have ever had:

• Increased intracranial pressure or
• If you are also taking isotretinoin, seizure medication, or a blood thinner like warfarin

If you are taking doxycycline to treat chlamydia, your doctor may perform a test to ensure that you do not also have gonorrhea, a sexually transmitted disease.

Taking this medication during pregnancy may have an effect on the unborn baby’s teeth and bone development. Doxycycline use during the second part of a pregnancy can result in persistent tooth discoloration later in life. Inform your doctor if you are pregnant or become pregnant while taking this medication

Doxycycline can reduce the effectiveness of birth control tablets. In order to avoid pregnancy, consult your doctor about utilizing a non-hormonal birth control method

Doxycycline can enter breast milk and disrupt bone and dental development in nursing infants. The magnitude of absorption is unknown. You should not breastfeed while using this medication

This medication should not be used by children. In children under the age of eight, doxycycline can cause irreversible yellowing or graying of the teeth.

Doxycycline preserves glomerular filtration and impedes proteinuria. Doxycycline restores (Na+ + K+) ATPase activity and fractional Na+ excretion. A correlation of kidney structure and function by doxycycline is proposed.

Can You Overdose on Doxycycline?

There are no published cases of hazardous effects in persons who overdose on doxycycline in single big doses. There has been one incidence of chronic overdose resulting in severe, reversible poisoning. Calves that are unintentionally given three to ten times the therapeutic dose frequently develop a serious or deadly heart disease. This has not yet been documented in people.

Can I drink alcohol while taking doxycycline?

To achieve optimal antibiotic efficiency, avoid consuming alcohol while taking doxycycline. Chronic alcohol consumption may reduce doxycycline’s efficacy. According to one study, the doxycycline blood level required to treat an infection declined to an ineffective level in patients who consumed alcohol on a regular basis. Occasional alcohol consumption does not appear to be affected by doxycycline.

Doxycycline may interact with other medications

Doxycycline oral pill may interact with other drugs, vitamins, or herbal supplements that you are taking. When a chemical alters the way a drug functions, this is referred to as an interaction. This can be dangerous or prevent the medicine from working properly.

To help avoid interactions, your doctor should carefully manage all of your prescriptions. Inform your doctor about any drugs, vitamins, or herbs you are taking. Consult your doctor or pharmacist to learn how this medication may interact with other medications you are taking.

Where can people get doxycycline?

Doxycycline must be prescribed by a doctor. Patients, on the other hand, can get it at almost any pharmacy. It’s a very common antibiotic, and doctors all around the country use it to treat infections.

When a doctor prescribes an antibiotic, he or she will either give the patient the prescription to take to a pharmacy or call a drugstore where the patient can pick it up.

There are no stores that sell doxycycline over-the-counter.

How Do You Know When a Uti Becomes a Kidney Infection?

A UTI causes urination pain, stomach pain above the pelvic area, frequent need to urinate, and bad-smelling, murky, or bloody urine. Additional symptoms may include flank pain, lower back pain, fever, chills, and nausea if the invading bacteria migrates up to the kidney.

If you have a lower urinary system infection and are experiencing pain on your sides or have a fever of more than 100 degrees, you should consult a doctor.

Can I go to work with a kidney infection?

The majority of kidney infections are treated as outpatients with oral antibiotics. Symptom alleviation usually happens after a few days of treatment, so you might be able to return to work at that point. However, many people take a week or two before they feel healthy enough to work. Never, ever go to work with a fever.

Can kidney infection be prevented?

The majority of kidney infections are caused by germs that move up from a bladder infection. So, the same things that can help you avoid a bladder infection should also help you avoid a kidney infection. People who had repeated urinary infections were often encouraged to drink plenty of fluids, take cranberry juice, and change the way they wiped themselves after going to the toilet.

However, there is little evidence to support any of these interventions, and they are no longer generally recommended. Anything that increases your risk of urinary infections and is treatable should be addressed. Constipation, for example, should be addressed as soon as possible since it increases your risk of getting a bladder or kidney infection.

For further information, see the Constipation booklet. Doctors will try to treat anything else that could be causing the problem, such as kidney stones or an anomaly in the urinary system’s structure.

Pregnant women are routinely checked for urinary tract infections and bacteria in their urine. Even if they don’t have any symptoms, pregnant women are routinely given antibiotics if their urine tests positive for bacteria.

In some circumstances, people with persistent urinary infections are continuously treated with a low dose of antibiotics. This may aid in preventing recurrences and spreading to the kidney.

What drugs and foods should I avoid while on Doxycycline?

Iron supplements, multivitamins, calcium supplements, antacids, or laxatives should not be taken within 2 hours of taking doxycycline.

Take no additional antibiotics with doxycycline unless your doctor instructs you to.

Doxycycline may make you more susceptible to sunburn. Avoid direct sunlight and tanning beds. When going outside, use protective gear and apply sunscreen.

Antibiotics can produce diarrhea, which could indicate a new infection. Call your doctor if you experience watery or bloody diarrhea. Use anti-diarrhea medication only if directed by your doctor.

How Much Will It Cost to Treat a Uti with Doxycycline

Several factors, including brand name and insurance coverage, influence the cost of antibiotics.

The administration will also have an impact on the cost. If the antibiotic was given in an emergency room or as an injection, the price would almost certainly rise. This is just another reason to get UTIs treated as soon as possible.

This antibiotic, like other medications, is available in both brand-name and generic forms. Most of the time, generic versions of medications contain the same amount of active ingredients as brand-name medications and will treat the infection just as well.

The most important factor in the cost of this medication is insurance coverage. Some providers and plans will cover the entire cost of this antibiotic, but the patient will most likely be responsible for a portion of the bill. Fortunately, doxycycline taken orally in tablet form is usually not prohibitively expensive. A standard prescription should cost less than $30 for patients with insurance.

Are antibiotics enough for urethritis?

In the Soviet period, gonorrheal urethritis was given the apt name “eye sexual disease”, because, having become infected through sexual contact, men soon cried from pain during urination, they were not at all in the mood for jokes. The symptoms of today’s gonococcal inflammation of the urethra have become milder, and the pathogen itself is more resistant to drugs.

Our expert in this field:

Margarita Nagibina

Infectious disease doctor, professor MD

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How is gonorrheal urethritis treated?

This is not the most common infection of the urinary system of Russians, non-specific urethritis caused by a wide variety of microflora representatives is more relevant. Despite occasional reports of super antibiotic-resistant gonorrhea, in most cases it is no more difficult to cure than non-specific inflammation of the urethra.

Today, short courses of 3rd generation cephalosporin antibiotics are used, both in injections and tablets. A properly selected drug in the right dose eliminates the pathogen on the second day.

The fluoroquinolone antibiotic ciprofloxacin has lost its leadership in terms of effectiveness today, and its adverse effect on tendons and ligaments has also been found. However, with insufficient effectiveness of cephalosporins, it is also used, as well as alternative drugs of the levofloxacin and ofloxacin group.

Incorrect preparation and self-treatment guarantee a relapse of the disease, before the manifestation of which the patient is a source of infection for all sexual partners. Do not rely on “maybe” and the recommendations of “experienced”, seek help from the Center for Urology and Andrology. Anonymity is our professional credo.

Are antibiotics enough for urethritis?

Often gonococcus lives in conjunction with chlamydia, this condition is called gonococcal chlamydial urethritis, so chlamydia is treated simultaneously with doxycycline or erythromycin.

Trichomonas is successfully treated with metronidazole and similar drugs, and is also often a companion of these infectious agents.

Local use of antiseptics is possible, which are introduced into the urethra only by a specialist in order to avoid mechanical damage and burns of the inflamed mucosa.

In women, antibacterial drugs greatly change the microflora of the genital tract, so fungi easily attach, and there is no visible improvement, therefore, antifungal drugs of general and local action are immediately added to the combination.

How is nonspecific urethritis treated?

Acute infection is treated with antibiotics until the specific pathogen is identified, which may take several days. Empiric therapy is used – a broad-spectrum drug is prescribed, that is, it kills most possible infectious agents. After bacteriological analysis, the treatment is adjusted – the drug is injected, to which the highest sensitivity is revealed.

Mycoplasma and ureaplasma often colonize the mucous membrane of the urinary canal, and the absence of a cell wall in the simplest microorganisms makes them very resistant to drugs, so not one, but a combination of drugs is required, each of which has its own contraindications and complications.

The sensitivity of pathogens of European and American urethritis is not at all identical to the reaction of Russian strains, and American standards of therapy do not always help Russian patients.

The specialists of the international clinic Medica24 strictly follow the clinical guidelines, taking into account the specific characteristics of the “Russian” infectious agents and their “national” response to treatment, which allows achieving expert results in the cure.

How is a relapse treated?

In every tenth patient, acute urethritis returns within 30 to 90 days – this is a persistent infection or a relapse of the disease. Genital mycoplasma is often found in chronic infections, but optimal recommendations for therapy have not yet been created.

How this category of patients is examined and treated has not been determined by the world medical community, because there have not been sufficient and serious clinical studies. In most cases, there is a need for combined antibiotic therapy. In this situation, the personal clinical experience of the specialist and the ability of the clinic to perform accurate and complex analyzes for the detection of a wide range of pathogens play an important role.

The international clinic Medica24 has developed a coherent diagnostic program and alternative therapy for recurrent infection, minimizing the likelihood of chronicity of the pathological process and the development of complications. If you are tired of malaise and sluggish pathological manifestations, seek help from a specialist at the Center for Urology and Andrology.

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Until the middle of the last century, urethritis was called inflammation of the urethra, caused only by gonococci, there were no other urethritis, until in 1954 there was a clinical need to distinguish “non-gonococcal”, which included all inflammations caused by other microorganisms. Today there is chlamydial and simply non-specific, as well as “other urethritis” in the nomenclature.

What are urethritis?

In addition to classification according to the cause of the disease – gonococcal and non-gonococcal urethritis – fresh or acute with a disease duration of not more than two months and chronic or residual are distinguished. Moreover, Russian and foreign use their own terminology, so our compatriots designate the severity of the symptoms of the disease as “acute”.

Chronic urethritis is subdivided into persistent when, after a month of treatment, inflammation continues to disturb. Recurrent, when the symptoms disappear completely during treatment and return again no later than three months.

Urethritis is an insoluble problem in urology: common but poorly understood. Even in the absence of symptoms, a silent illness may occur. At the Urology Center of the International Clinic Medica24, you can do tests that will most likely tell you whether you are healthy or have a latent infection.

How is the infection transmitted?

Like any sexual infection, this one is also transmitted through sexual contact, more often women become the source of infection, since in most cases they do not feel the symptoms of the disease.

From infection to the onset of clinical symptoms, the time is not clearly defined, more or less it can be assumed the time of infection with gonococcus, but not with other pathogens of nonspecific inflammation of the urethra. With a viral infection, several months may pass.

Symptoms of urethritis in women

The female urethra is small and almost always inhabited by microorganisms – saprophytes, the mucous membrane seems to get used to the presence of something living and reacts little to a new pathogen. The female infection proceeds with minor manifestations, in some cases without any signs of the disease, and only the complaints of the sexual partner are forced to undergo an examination. That is why sexually transmitted infections are so widespread.

The main symptom of the disease is discharge from the urethra and cutting pains during urination, which in most cases either do not occur, or they level out and are taken by a woman for a banal thrush.

It does not happen that one sexual partner suffers from urethritis, and the other is completely healthy. Specialists of the international clinic Medica24 will help to identify the latent disease.

Symptoms of urethritis in men

The male urethra is narrower and longer and two-thirds practically sterile. Therefore, the infection is accompanied by severe pain during urination, inflammatory edema and redness of the outlet part of the canal – sponges. There are pus-like discharges from the urethra, which can dry up in crystals on the glans penis. The first portion of urine may become cloudy from mixing with purulent discharge from the canal walls.

When the infection spreads upward, closer to the neck of the bladder, the pathological discharge becomes less, but urination becomes more frequent. There may be itching in the canal, sticking of the sponges and their eversion outward.

In chronic urethritis, the symptoms are even less pronounced.

What kind of prevention is possible?

Using condoms is the best way to protect yourself from any sexually transmitted infection. In case of unprotected contact and doubts about its “purity”, you should contact a dermatovenereologist who will write out a program for testing.

The frequency of classical venereal diseases, to which gonococcal urethritis can rightly be attributed, depends on the standard of living in the country, and now these diseases have given way to banal inflammatory processes of the urethra, often initiated by the usual for a healthy person – saprophytic microflora, which is activated when immunity is reduced.

What are the classical causes of urethritis?

Classics of the genre – gonorrheal urethritis introduced into a person Neisseria gonorrhoeae or gonococcus, and chlamydia, caused by the protozoan Chlamydia trachomatis. Both agents are sexually transmitted, both coexist perfectly in the same anatomical area.

Non-classical causative agents of infections of the genitourinary system – ureaplasma and mycoplasma are also sexually conditioned infections. These protozoan pests were discovered not so long ago, which is associated with the difficulties of identifying the smallest size of microflora representatives. In all likelihood, not newly discovered infectious agents, but secretly present in the organs of the intimate zone of many generations of mankind and not detected due to imperfect diagnostics. With a simple structure, they are very resistant to drugs, which helps spread in the human world.

And the third agent in this group is Trichomonas.

Pathogens are genetically tuned to secretive life and avoid death from drugs. Taking an antibiotic on the advice of a friend is a bad choice, forcing the infectious agent to hide even deeper. Ask for help at the Center of Urology and Andrology and your problems will become our concern.

Common modern causes of urethritis

Today, gonococcal urethritis is an infrequent clinical phenomenon, they are outstripped by nonspecific inflammations: bacterial and viral. Of the bacteria, streptococci, staphylococci, and ordinary human inhabitants are often found: Escherichia coli and fungi.

Non-gonococcal inflammation develops with an injury to the urethra, for example, a stone descending from the kidney, or on an altered mucosal allergy, or against the background of venous blood stagnation. That is, its development requires damage to the integumentary epithelium and, due to this, a decrease in local immunity.

The causes of inflammation are not as obvious as they might seem, and only complex tests can detect all infectious agents. In the international clinic Medica24, not all studies are performed in a row, but only what is needed in a particular case, our choice is optimal diagnostics.

Can inflammation of another organ cause urethritis?

Inflammation of the urethra is a predominantly male disease, despite the fact that in women the urethra is not sterile, so cystitis often occurs, but not urethritis. The upper two-thirds of the male canal is completely clear of any flora, which does not help its mucosa to withstand the attack of invading microorganisms, and it is also long and curving, and this facilitates its colonization by microorganisms.

Initial inflammation in the canal – primary urethritis, but often descended from the kidneys with pyelonephritis or the bladder with cystitis infection – secondary urethritis. Therefore, it is not at all necessary that sexual “implication” becomes the cause of the disease, you can get sick without sex. In most cases, the etiological factor of nonspecific inflammation of the urethra remains unknown.

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Examination is indicated for complaints of pain and discharge from the urethra or the presence of clinical symptoms: redness of the mucous membrane of the external urethra with its eversion due to edema. It is necessary to undergo a diagnosis for all the patient’s sexual partners, since not in all cases symptoms of the disease can be observed, which does not at all exclude latent – latent carriage of the infection.

The protozoa chlamydia and gonococcus tend not to manifest themselves in the female body, while trichomonads prefer to remain hidden in the male genitourinary system.

Experts of the international clinic Medica24 know which examination will be optimal in each specific case, ask the Center for Urology and Andrology for advice.

Professional individuality plays a particularly significant role in the interpretation of dubious analyses. In the international clinic Medica24, subjectivity in assessing the criteria for a disease is reduced to a minimum, our specialists see only what exists and nothing superfluous. Contact the Center for Urology and Andrology for help by calling

Is it possible to diagnose urethritis by urinalysis?

Urinalysis is the standard of care for a patient with suspected urethral infection. A routine urinalysis and a two- or three-glass sample is done, when the patient urinates in portions into three test tubes: the first portion is considered urine from the canal. In the urine, the number of leukocytes is detected, with an increase of 400 times there should be more than 10 cells in the field of view.

A qualitative test is performed for the enzyme esterase, which is present only in the neutrophilic group of leukocytes. If the test strip changes color, then there are probably more than 10 leukocytes in the urine, and the conclusion is that the urethra is inflamed.

In addition, you can inoculate the urinary sediment on a nutrient medium, and then see what grows and what drugs are sensitive.

What other diagnosis confirms urethritis?

The criterion for inflammation will be the detection of a pathogen in a scraping from the urethra under a microscope or a large number of leukocytes – participants in inflammation. With a thousandfold magnification of the microscope, to expose urethritis, it is enough to detect more than 5 leukocytes in the field of view.

Sowing a scraping from the urethra on a nutrient medium, similarly to urinary sediment, in a few days will give the growth of colonies of the pathogen – this is a bacteriological analysis.

Gonococci and Trichomonas live inside the cells, they are clearly visible with a certain color of the cells. The polymerase chain reaction, or PCR, detects the DNA of an infectious agent, a very accurate method for diagnosing virtually all known pathogens of sexually transmitted infections.

It is possible to do tests for all known pathogens, but it is better to do only what is really needed, a sufficient and not excessive examination can be done at the international clinic Medica24.

What instrumental diagnostics is used for urethritis?

In acute urethritis, endoscopic and radiological contrast examination of the urethra is contraindicated, as it will aggravate the manifestations of the disease. Today, the resolution of the ultrasound apparatus (ultrasound) allows not only to obtain an image of the urinary tract in real time, but also to assess the thickness of the tissues. At the first stage of diagnosis, all of the above is quite enough.

The diagnosis of urethritis, with apparent mathematical accuracy, is very dependent on the “point of view” of the laboratory assistant: whether he was able to see what is really there, how he assessed the microscopic find, whether he mistook one for the other.

The material was prepared by the infectious disease doctor of the international clinic Medica24, MD Nagibina Margarita Vasilievna.

Antibiotics for cystitis – buy antibiotics for treating cystitis in Ukraine

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Creation date: 06/04/2022
Update date: 06/26/2023

Antibiotics for cystitis

Cystitis is a urological pathology that often aggravates, burns with flaming processes, which occurs on the mucous membranes of the sich mihur. It develops as a result of bacterial or fungal infection as a result of the penetration of pathogenic microorganisms into the sieve mihur – colibacillus, chlamydia, staphylococcus, trichomonads, mycoplasma and other. Other illnesses can have a non-infectious nature and are due to the consequences of an allergic reaction to hygiene, preparations, chemo-promenotherapy, catheter infusion and other subdose.

Reasons for developing cystitis in women are also:

• insufficient intimate hygiene;
• infections that are transmitted by state route;
• the presence of cerebrodiabetes, obesity and serious chronic pathologies in the body;
• hypothermia;
• hormonal disruption during pregnancy and menopause;
• stagnant appearances in the pelvic organs, stubbornness to constipation;
• zatrimka sich, unevenly deformed sich mikhura, wadi at the development of the sich system;
• reduction of immunity or a sharp change in climate, which affects the new;
• intoxication with alcoholic drinks, infusion of overworldly hot, spicy and salty herbs.

In humans, cystitis is diagnosed significantly earlier, lower in women. In the majority of depressions, there is a secondary pathology, which is to blame for ailments of the reproductive system or infectious lesions in the pelvic cavity – with urethritis, orchitis, epididymitis, vesiculitis. 9

Symptoms of cystitis At the cob stage of inflammation, severe symptoms of infection and improper functioning of the sich mikhur appear. To lie before them:

• it is impossible to see the inconsistent excretion of urine from the sich mikhura;
• non-trimanny urini, often sechovipuskannya;
• liver near the urethra;
• fluctuating body temperature, severe illness, confusion, weakness;
• call before defecation.

Pain in cystitis manifests itself in the lower part of the abdomen, pelvic dilatation, across. A characteristic sign of inflamedness is the brown and blackish color of the section, and to instill an unacceptable smell. The chronic form of the pathology may go away, but the symptoms are less pronounced, as it becomes more beautiful under the hour of acute.

Why is the peculiarity of inflammation of the sich michur in women

The development of cystitis in the woman may be a peculiarity, due to the physiological bud sechostate system. Due to the short and wide sciatica, rotting near the rectum and pihvi, it is easier for disease-bearing bacteria to penetrate into the sich mіkhur and call out inflamed. The wide spread of infections in the sieve is also associated with the structure of the female reproductive system, hormonal changes, menopause, which reduces the level of estrogen and weakens the mucosa of the sich mikhura.

How the disease manifests itself in humans

The anatomical human sciatic system does not allow infectious agents to easily penetrate into the sciatica. Tsomu spryaє dovgy i zvivisty sechіvnik. Therefore, for people, cystitis is most often of a secondary nature and is later prostatitis, prostate adenoma, sechokam’yanoї ailments and other internal pathologies, which indicate burning on the walls of sich mіkhur. The symptomatology and pain in both articles are practically similar: accelerated sepsis, urine seen in small portions, pain in the groin and transverse zone, an important ear of degeneration.

How do I threaten the inflammation of the sacicular canal during the vagity hour?

Most of the female women recognize past cystitis. The uterus repairs the vice and provokes the displacement of organs, which can lead to the development of inflammation. Pogіrshuє situation zmina hormonal body. If you do not immediately carry out the treatment of illness, then you can negatively signify a healthy mother and fetus: women develop a risk of illness for pyelonephritis, the appearance of gestosis, infectious-septic conditions, hypertension, anemia, early chat ku generic activities, easy for a child can become hypoxia, intrauterine infection, small vaga in people.

When is it necessary to take an antibiotic for cystitis?

Antibacterial therapy is the basis for the treatment of the acute form of infection with sich mikhur. For those who need antibiotics against cystitis, they help to solve the problem for 72 years. Before the start of therapy, it is necessary to conduct an analysis for bacterial culture, in order to determine the presence of that type of pathogens. As soon as the diagnosis is confirmed, the doctor prescribes antibiotics for the treatment of cystitis, to give a stable and stable therapeutic effect. Medications should be taken in the same course, the breaks in the treatment can form the resistance of bacteria to the active component and further therapy will not give the necessary results.

Like antibacterial tablets in case of inflamed sich veins most effective the concentration of the active ingredient in urine is low in the blood. Based on recommendations from buyers and doctors from Ukraine, the most effective antibacterial rheums in case of inflamed sich:

• easy;
• Norfloxacin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that destroys the DNA of microorganisms and does not allow them to multiply. The drug does not increase resistance in pathogens.
• Pipemidic acid – useful for the treatment of cystitis, as well as other urological diseases (urethritis, prostatitis, etc.).
• Amoxicillin and clavulanic acid. The stinks are well tolerated by the body and become the most effective antibiotics for cystitis in women.

How to choose the right antibiotic for cystitis in women and people

Which drugs will be optimal in the treatment of cystitis ї speeches. So, with the development of the scheme of healing, the quantity of drugs at that hour, take fakhivets to respect the peculiarity of the patient’s body, the scorching camp of health, the appearance of complications, the expansion of the infection rate on other organs. Therefore, if you don’t want to buy antibiotics for cystitis, you need to go to the doctor. Vіn dopomozhe correctly choose an antibiotic for bacterial cystitis in people and women, rarely in children, with the improvement of low factors that contribute to the development of illness. You can get the necessary medical advice online at the help of the MIS Pharmacy 9 website-1-1. The site presents a great range of antibacterial medicines at an affordable price.

What are the contraindications for taking antibiotics?

The main contraindication for taking antibiotics in cystitis is individual intolerance to the components, nirk and liver failure, blood poisoning.

A copy of the common literature

1. nhs.uk;
2. Sovereign Register of Medicines of Ukraine;
3. betterhealth.vic.gov.au.

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What is the cause of cystitis and the culprit?

Cystitis is an igniting process in sieve mites that develops under the influx of pathogenic microorganisms or other, non-infectious factors.

What is not necessary to work with cystitis?

To treat cystitis was effective, during the first hour of therapy it was categorically forbidden to take hot procedures (hospice, sauna), wear non-synthetic sleep, get used to salt, gostra and smoked hedgehog, alcohol.

How do you deal with an attack of cystitis?

A hostile attack of cystitis can be treated with the help of such pain-relieving drugs, such as No-shpa or Spasmalgon. After that, as if by sight, it is necessary to turn to the doctor.

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Prices for products in the category Antibiotics for cystitis start at 22.70 UAH.

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