What Is Scalp Eczema? Symptoms, Causes, Treatment, and More

Scalp Eczema (Seborrheic Dermatitis) Symptoms

The symptom of scalp eczema is skin patches that occur on your head. They may be:

• Red and scaly
• Flaky
• Greasy or waxy
• Very itchy or feel like it’s burning
• Oozing or have “weeping” lesions
• Causing a discharge from the ear if eczema continues from the scalp into the ear canal
• Causing changes in skin color after healing (2,3)

Other skin conditions — such as psoriasis, allergic contact dermatitis (inflammation caused by an allergic reaction to a certain substance), atopic dermatitis (which often occurs in those with asthma or seasonal allergies), and folliculitis — may cause symptoms similar to those of scalp eczema. (4) People commonly confuse psoriasis and scalp eczema — but know that psoriasis usually has a whiter scale compared with scalp eczema, and psoriasis leads to sensitive skin patches that easily bleed when scratched. In some cases, scalp eczema and psoriasis can happen together. (5)

What Causes Scalp Eczema?

Seborrheic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory condition caused by the overproduction of sebum, the natural oils secreted by sebaceous glands in the scalp. It is not contagious.

Because seborrheic dermatitis is a condition related to the sebaceous glands, it can also appear in other oily areas of the skin, including the face (eyebrows, eyelids, and center of the face), ears, upper chest, upper back, armpits, and genitals. (3)

There is a strong association between seborrheic dermatitis and yeast of the genus Malassezia, which are normally present in the skin but often overgrown in people with the skin condition.

Scientists don’t fully understand the exact connection between the yeast and eczema symptoms, but research suggests that a nonspecific immune reaction may be to blame. That is, some interaction between Malassezia, their metabolites (substances produced during metabolism), and skin and immune cells results in an inflammatory reaction. (4,6)

Importantly, once someone becomes sensitized to Malassezia, the yeast will always cause an immune reaction. (7)

The Top Medications for Treating Eczema on Your Scalp

There is no cure for scalp eczema or seborrheic dermatitis, but medications can help reduce and prevent symptoms.

For example, you can usually treat irritation and an itchy scalp with a medicated, over-the-counter dandruff shampoo.

The chemical ingredients in these shampoos can help ease the inflammation and get rid of flaky, scaly skin when used two or three times a week. Look for these items:

• salicylic acid
• coal tar
• zinc
• resorcinol (Resinol)
• ketoconazole (Nizoral)
• selenium sulfide

Topical creams, ointments, or sprays made from these ingredients can also be applied to help calm the irritation and stop the flaking.

If you have severe scalp eczema, your doctor may prescribe products containing stronger doses of the aforementioned medicines or medicines containing other ingredients, such as corticosteroids, ciclopirox, sulfacetamide sodium, tacrolimus topical (Protopic), or pimecrolimus topical (Elidel). (2,9)

How to Help Prevent Scalp Eczema Flare-Ups

The severity of seborrheic dermatitis may be lessened by controlling risk factors and triggers, and taking care of the skin.

To manage scalp eczema and help prevent flare-ups, do your best to follow these recommendations:

• Avoid exposure to any suspected irritants and allergens.
• Clean your scalp thoroughly, but avoid drying it out by using only a quarter-sized dollop of a gentle shampoo and warm, never hot, water.
• Manage stress well.
• Shampoo your hair after sweating heavily, such as after a workout, since perspiration can be a trigger.

More on Understanding Eczema (Atopic Dermatitis)

Why Eczema Isn’t a Contagious Skin Disease

Scalp eczema often responds to treatment, but it also often returns. For some people, exposure to the sun may improve symptoms.

Be on the lookout for signs of a flare-up and start treatment right away. (2,8,9)

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Presidentmed | Eczema: causes and symptoms.

Only in the Professorial Clinic “PRESIDENTMED” an innovative, unparalleled hardware technique is carried out, which is necessary for high-quality treatment of eczema.

What is eczema?

Eczematous lesions account for about 10% of all cases of patients presenting to the clinic for skin diseases. The incidence of eczema occurs in all age groups and its frequency continues to increase. This can significantly affect the quality of life, not to mention the fact that eczema often accompanies occupational diseases.

Eczema – inflammation of the skin, which is characterized by vesicular rash, some degree of exudation and peeling. In some cases, dry skin and flaking prevail over inflammatory changes. With a more acute course, pronounced inflammation, the formation of vesicles and even large blisters are observed. It is no coincidence that the term “eczema” comes from the Greek word for “boil”. In most cases, it is accompanied by severe itching. Scratching distorts the clinical picture and often complicates the disease with a secondary bacterial infection.

There are many forms of eczema and the correct diagnosis makes it possible to cure, helps to avoid mistakes and help the patient in a timely manner.

Diagnosis, examination and treatment of a patient with eczema depends on the recognition of eczematous changes on the skin, determining the severity of the process and the characteristics of the rash in order to classify the patient’s form of eczema.

Methods of hardware diagnostics

CLEAR VISION 3D

The most phenomenal and new development in the field of diagnostics to date, which absorbed all the advantages of an older brother and multiplied them thousands of times.

DUB-TPM

Ultrasound diagnostics of the skin.

VIVASCOPE® 1500 MULTILASER

The most accurate diagnostic tool in dermatology, dermato-oncology and cosmetology.

Eczema should only be treated by an experienced dermatologist using the latest technology!

The cause of eczema can be both various external (mechanical, chemical, thermal, etc.) and internal factors – diseases of the liver, kidneys, gastrointestinal tract, endocrine, nervous system, etc. There are many types of eczema, differing in the cause of occurrence, localization and nature of skin manifestations.

Atopic eczema

Usually affects the flexor surfaces of the elbow and knee joints, the skin of the face and neck, sometimes the trunk. In young children, atopic dermatitis is accompanied by severe anxiety and scratching.

The severity of its manifestations fluctuates, often even during the day. In older children and adults, the picture is more stable. Skin lesions are common. Often they occur after physical or mental overstrain. Atopic eczema is quite common. It affects 3% of infants. Its course is chronic.

Exacerbations are replaced by remissions of different duration. In most cases, recovery occurs by older childhood, but sometimes people suffer from atopic eczema throughout their lives. Often it is accompanied by bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis. Heredity is often burdened with atopic dermatitis.

Variants of atopic eczema in children are lichen white – white patches with slight peeling on the face and plantar dermatosis – dry and flaky skin on the feet, which is not accompanied by damage to the interdigital spaces and is not associated with a fungal infection.

Herpetic eczema

Against the background of atopic eczema, herpes infection is more severe. To date, herpetic eczema is considered to be one of the forms of lichen lichen simplex or herpes simplex (Herpes simplex). The causative agent of herpetic infection is DNA-containing HSV. Herpetic eczema complicates the course of chronic dermatoses, in which there are erosive and ulcerative skin lesions.

It has been noted that eczema herpes develops more often in children than in adults. Therefore, adults with herpetic eruptions should avoid close contact with children with atopic eczema.

Microbial eczema

More often occurs due to secondary eczematization of foci of pyoderma, mycosis (mycotic eczema), burns, fistulas (paratraumatic eczema), infected injuries, against the background of trophic disorders on the lower extremities with symptoms of trophic ulcers, lymphostasis (varicose eczema).

Lesions are often asymmetrically located, have rounded or scalloped outlines, sharp borders, along the periphery of which the collar of the exfoliating stratum corneum is often visible.

The focus is represented by juicy erythema with lamellar crusts, after removal of which an intensely weeping surface is detected, against which bright red small punctate erosions with drops of serous exudate are clearly visible.

Small pustules, seropapules, microvesicles are visible around the main focus. Allergic rashes can occur far from the main focus

In nummular (coin-like) eczema, the lesions are rounded, coin-like (plaques), more common on the back, arms, buttocks, and lower legs. These plaques can be very itchy and crusty. Usually this type of eczema is chronic and the clinic of cure is a persistent long-term remission

Seborrheic eczema

Often associated with the presence of Pityrosporum ovale in lesions. Fungi of the genus Candida and staphylococcus can also play an antigenic role. Seborrhea and associated neuroendocrine disorders predispose to the development of the disease.

The scalp, forehead, skin folds behind the auricles, upper chest, interscapular region, folds of the limbs are affected. On the scalp, against the background of dry hyperemic skin, a large number of gray bran-like scales, serous yellow crusts appear, after removal of which a weeping surface is exposed.

The boundaries of the lesions are clear, the hair is stuck together. Yellow-pink scaly spots with clear boundaries appear on the trunk and extremities, sometimes small nodular elements in the center of the foci. In the folds of the skin – edema, hyperemia, deep painful cracks, along the periphery of the foci – yellow scales or scale-crusts.

Varicose eczema

Varicose eczema develops in the area of ​​the ankle joints against the background of venous congestion of the lower extremities, after deep thrombosis or against the background of varicose veins of the lower leg and trophic ulcers. It is more common in middle-aged and elderly women. Rapidly developing varicose eczema (after deep venous thrombosis) is characterized by swelling of the affected area of ​​the skin, an increase in its temperature, and signs of microbial eczema. Relieves intense itching.

Occupational eczema

Allergic skin disease due to contact with substances that irritate the skin in the course of professional activities. Usually develops as a result of monovalent sensitization following occupational allergic dermatitis.

Affects exposed areas of the skin: face, neck, back surfaces of the hands, forearms, less often shins and feet. Gradually, allergic manifestations on the skin lead to the formation of true eczema. The course of professional eczema is long. Each new exacerbation is more difficult.

Limited neurodermatitis

Manifested by one or more pruritic lichenification foci, usually located on the skin of the back and sides of the neck, elbows and popliteal folds, perineum and genitals. Plaques are more often located symmetrically, have oval outlines and sharp borders. The term neurodermatitis is used to refer to the widespread dryness and itching commonly associated with atopic dermatitis.

Neurodermatitis is characterized by the absence of weeping, although sometimes there are foci with exudation, especially when neurodermatitis transforms into eczema neurodermatitis). The course of the disease is chronic with frequent relapses.

Dry eczema

One of the most common forms of eczema, which is more common in older people and is manifested by dry skin and superficial cracks on the fingers and toes.

Other signs of eczema are redness, sometimes thickening of the skin, possibly burning and some soreness of the skin. In this case, one or several fingers may be affected, and sometimes, if the process began on one finger, with the aggravation of the situation, eczema can spread further – to other fingers and even to the palm. Treatment of dry eczema largely depends on the stage of the disease, which can be acute, subacute and chronic, as well as the degree of inflammatory reaction.

Dyshidrotic eczema

Manifested by itchy vesicles on the fingers, rarely on the palms and soles. Dyshidrotic eczema is also called dyshidrosis. This type of eczema affects up to 20% of people with hand eczema and is most common during the spring and summer months and in warmer climates. Dyshidrotic eczema affects both women and men of any age.

Chronic eczema

Chronic eczema – in which the affected skin is inflamed, hyperemic, scaly and thickened (lichenoid). Prolonged itching is moderate to severe. It develops as a result of metabolic disorders, the functions of the nervous system and endocrine glands.

Rubbing and combing becomes a habit, which is done unconsciously. The disease becomes self-regenerating. Scratching leads to thickening of the skin, which itches even more. Superficial skin lines become more pronounced. Thick plaques with deep parallel skin lines appear. The most typical lesions are easily accessible places and fold zones. Typical localization is on the back of the neck, in the popliteal cavity, on the shins, eyelids, in the anogenital region. Affected skin may have hypo- or hyperpigmentation.

Possible causes are atopic dermatitis, chronic allergic dermatitis, scratching habit, lichen simplex chronicus, cracked feet, nummular eczema, dry eczema, fingertip eczema, hyperkeratotic eczema. The disease evolves as a result of a chronic process. The key to success in the treatment of chronic eczematous inflammation is to interrupt the itching-scratch cycle during treatment and eliminate the causes or sources of worsening of the disease.

Eczema of the palms

Hand eczema is a common, often chronic disease with many causative and contributing factors. Eczema of the palms can be classified into the following categories: irritant eczema; keratolytic eczema; atopic eczema; eczema of the fingertips; allergic eczema; hyperkeratotic eczema; coin-like eczema; dyshidrotic eczema; simple chronic lichen.

Irritant palmar eczema is the most common type, followed by atopic palmar eczema. Allergic contact dermatitis is the cause of hand eczema in about 10-25% of cases. In women, the lesion is more common than in men. Occupational hazards include contact with chemicals, work in humid environments, chronic abrasion, and work with allergenic chemicals.

Prolonged contact with allergens can lead to a chronic process. Abstaining from contact with precipitating factors and appropriate care often leads to positive results.

Today, for the treatment of eczema, various “specialists” do not offer anything! These are medicines, ointments, tinctures, vinegar, salt, eggs, cucumbers and other traditional medicine. Someone insists that only a homeopathic doctor should deal with the treatment, while not realizing that eczema is a serious dermatological disease.

Without a doubt , the most effective way to overcome eczema is to use hardware treatments. Our clinic has all the equipment necessary for high-quality treatment of eczema.

Treatment methods for eczema in the clinic “PRESIDENTMED”

Effective treatment of eczema requires a combination of external therapy, systemic therapy and apparatus therapy. If we talk about hardware therapy, phototherapy is mandatory for most forms of eczema. At the same time, it is impossible to limit oneself to one type of phototherapy. The optimal wavelength for phototherapy of eczema is 300-310 nm. That is why in the arsenal of our clinic there are devices that generate the most effective radiation spectrum in this range: 290-320nm, 308nm, 311nm.

Equipment for the treatment of eczema

XTRAC excimer laser

The use of xtrac excimer laser (USA), with a wavelength of 308 nm, is the most effective method for treating all types of eczema today!

Quantel Medical Excimer System

A unique combination of efficiency and safety of therapy.

MultiClear

A fast expert system allows the doctor to accurately select the optimal phototherapy method for the treatment of all types of eczema.

Harmony XL PRO

The unique Harmony XL laser with a Pulsed UV handpiece, 300 – 380 nm provides effective treatment for eczema.

Dermalight 1000 Phototherapy Panel

This device is used for the maintenance treatment of eczema.

UV Waldmann UV Cabin

UV Waldmann UV Cabin Along with pronounced repigmentation, it leads to recovery in the skin of patients with psoriasis.

Before and after photos

Excimer Laser Eczema Treatment

Quantel Derma 308 Eczema Treatment

MultiClear Eczema Treatment

Cost of treatment

See the full price list

* The cost is indicated in the complex procedure

*** The final cost of the procedure will be determined only after consultation with the specialists of our clinic.

“PresidentMed” guarantees its patients the best value for money!

Doctors of the Clinic

Nezgovorova Oksana Ivanovna

Cosmetologist, dermatovenereologist.
Experience in the field of medical cosmetology and dermatology since 2006.

Skorodumova Olga Evgenievna

Doctor – cosmetologist, doctor – dermatovenereologist.
Experience in the field of medical cosmetology and dermatology since 2000.

Grishanova Natalya Alexandrovna

Doctor – cosmetologist, doctor – dermatovenereologist. Experience in the field of medical cosmetology and dermatology since 2003.

Oleinikova (Alekseeva) Svetlana Mikhailovna

Doctor – cosmetologist, doctor – dermatovenereologist. Experience in the field of medical cosmetology and dermatology since 2004

Patient reviews

Evgenia, 04/07/19

I express my gratitude to all the staff of the clinic for the comfort of visiting. Many thanks to the doctors of the “PresidentMed” clinic, many of whom are not just professionals and good doctors, but also attentive people.

Treatment of eczema | Dobromed

What is eczema? ”, and is an excellent description of one of the symptoms of this disease – a rash that resembles bubbles of boiling water.

Symptoms of eczema

Eczema is characterized by sudden exacerbations and remissions. Today, for example, she can suddenly and in every sense clearly declare herself, and in a few weeks her symptoms will completely and completely disappear. In children, eczema can appear on the face, chin or chest. In adults, it is more often seen on the neck, elbows, inside of the palms and under the knees. At the same time, eczema is very capricious and can manifest itself anywhere and anytime. It is not at all necessary that, having appeared once, say, on the elbow, it will continue to affect this part of the body. Despite the fact that the typical manifestations of eczema are redness and a rash that causes burning and itching, this disease is very diverse and can manifest itself with a variety of symptoms. Here are just a few of them: painful reddening of the skin with characteristic itching; a blistering rash that can get “wet” and peel off; mild to moderate itching, which in some cases can turn into severe inflammation of the skin; dry, cracked, scaly or keratinized skin; yellow scales on the eyebrows and scalp. When diagnosing eczema, it is important to remember that its symptoms are very individual, each person will have their own. You may have one symptom of this disease, or all together. And it is not at all necessary that the same type of eczema will have the same manifestation pattern in two different patients. The only way to know for sure if your skin problems are eczema is to make an appointment with a dermatologist.

Types of eczema

Today it is difficult to identify a single classification of eczema. Its forms are usually determined depending on the location, nature and nature of occurrence. There are 5 most common forms of this disease.

Atopic dermatitis

The terms “eczema” and “atopic dermatitis” are often used interchangeably, but this is not entirely correct. Atopic dermatitis is a severe, chronic and often relapsing form of eczema that is most often caused by a genetic predisposition. Atopic dermatitis is characterized by dry, cracked, scaly skin accompanied by redness and itching. This type of eczema most often appears on the folds of the arms, legs, neck, and also in the chest area. The reasons for its appearance can be very different, from changing seasons to allergies to powder and soap. Stress and food allergies can also trigger this ailment.

Contact dermatitis

Contact dermatitis is a type of eczema that appears as a red dry rash that makes the skin slightly swollen and causes unbearable itching. As a rule, a rash occurs when the skin comes into contact with an irritant or substance, which, due to the individual characteristics of each person, can cause an allergic reaction. From the moment of contact with the allergen and before the onset of symptoms, it can take a matter of minutes or days. The most common triggers for allergic contact dermatitis are shower gels, shampoos, soaps, laundry detergents, cosmetics, and even jewelry. This list also includes detergents, bleaches, disinfectants, as well as various fertilizers and pesticides.

True eczema

True or, as it is also called, idiomatic, eczema is a classic form of the manifestation of the disease. It is rather difficult to establish the specific cause of its occurrence. It occurs sporadically and for no apparent reason. Most often, this eczema manifests itself in the form of small nodules of a rash filled with a clear liquid. Subsequently, they can turn into weeping erosions, overgrow with crusts, scales and be accompanied by unpleasant sensations of burning and itching. If all of these eczema symptoms appear at the same time, doctors diagnose true eczema. In addition, this type of eczema is characterized by a symmetrical rash. If rashes, say, appeared on one arm, they often occur on the second.

Seborrheic eczema

Seborrheic eczema tends to occur on skin areas rich in sebaceous glands. Although seborrheic eczema most commonly affects the scalp, it can appear in and around the ears, on the eyebrows, nose, back, between the shoulder blades, and on the upper chest. This type of eczema appears as greasy yellow or white scales. Although seborrheic eczema is a chronic condition, long-term remission can be achieved with adequate treatment.

Microbial eczema

Microbial eczema is an allergic reaction of the body that occurs against the background of a weakened immune system when the skin is chronically infected with bacteria, most often staphylococci or streptococci. As a rule, microbial eczema occurs in places of cuts, abrasions and wounds that do not heal for a long time and manifests itself in the form of large inflamed areas covered with scaly skin, purulent crusts or weeping erosion. Despite the fact that microbial eczema can occur on any part of the skin, even on the head, it still most often appears on the hands and feet.

Causes of eczema

Contrary to popular belief, eczema is not a contagious disease and therefore cannot be contracted. Although the exact cause of eczema is unknown, it is believed that it may be caused by an overly sensitive immune system to certain external stimuli, which manifests itself in inflammation of the skin in the form of redness, rashes and itching. Research also suggests that some people with eczema have a mutation in the gene responsible for making filaggrin, a protein that helps maintain a healthy protective barrier of the epidermis. Without enough filaggrin, the skin begins to lose moisture, dry out and crack, thereby opening the gate for bacteria and viruses. As a result, many people with eczema have very dry skin that is prone to frequent infections. Most experts agree that eczema is caused by a combination of internal and external causes – an oversensitive immune system and triggers, which may include, but are not limited to, the following factors: genetic predisposition; disruption of the endocrine system of the body; disruption of the gastrointestinal tract; an allergic reaction to pathogens of fungal and bacterial infections; allergic reaction to the use of household chemicals; taking certain medications; an allergic reaction to a number of foods; house dust mite; stress; hypothermia, overheating and the negative effects of ultraviolet radiation. © vostock-photo

Treatment and prevention of eczema

Since eczema is a chronic disease, it is impossible to get rid of it once and for all. The key to maintaining health lies in relieving and preventing symptoms. Specific treatments for each patient are selected individually, based on the symptoms and type of eczema. As a rule, dermatologists recommend using moisturizing creams, antihistamines, and, if necessary, topical corticosteroids to eliminate symptoms that have already appeared. In some cases, light therapy can be a good helper in the treatment of eczema. To prevent eczema, it is necessary, if possible, to identify and eliminate external triggers that initially provoked its appearance. However, do not forget that for each person eczema manifests itself in its own way, respectively, and the external processes that trigger its appearance are different for everyone. When trying to identify the trigger of eczema, remember that sometimes it appears only after a while after external exposure, and tracking it can sometimes be problematic.