What are the different types of edema. How can you recognize the symptoms of edema. What causes fluid retention in the body. What are effective treatments for edema. How can you prevent complications from edema.

Understanding Edema: A Comprehensive Overview

Edema is a medical condition characterized by swelling due to fluid buildup in bodily tissues. While it commonly affects the skin, particularly in the extremities, it can also impact various internal organs such as the brain, lungs, and eyes. Edema is prevalent among older adults and pregnant individuals, but it can affect people of all ages.

The onset of edema can be gradual or sudden, depending on the underlying cause. It’s essential to recognize that while edema is a common condition, it can sometimes be indicative of more serious health issues. Therefore, understanding its types, causes, symptoms, and treatments is crucial for proper management and prevention of potential complications.

Recognizing the Signs and Symptoms of Edema

Identifying edema early is key to effective management. The primary symptoms of edema include:

• Swelling and puffiness in affected areas
• Stretched, shiny skin that may appear taut
• Skin that retains a dimple after being pressed for a few seconds (known as pitting edema)
• Aching body parts and stiff joints
• Unexplained weight gain or loss
• Decreased urine production
• Visibly fuller veins in the hands and neck
• Visual anomalies (in cases of eye-related edema)

Is edema always visible? Not necessarily. In some cases, particularly when internal organs are affected, symptoms may be less apparent and require medical evaluation for proper diagnosis.

Exploring the Various Types of Edema

Edema manifests in several forms, each with its unique characteristics and implications:

Peripheral Edema

This type affects the extremities, including feet, ankles, legs, hands, and arms. It’s characterized by swelling, puffiness, and difficulty moving the affected body parts.

Pulmonary Edema

A serious condition involving fluid accumulation in the lungs, pulmonary edema can make breathing difficult. It often results from congestive heart failure or acute lung injury and can be life-threatening if not treated promptly.

Cerebral Edema

This potentially life-threatening condition involves swelling in the brain. Symptoms may include severe headaches, neck stiffness, vision changes, altered consciousness, nausea, vomiting, and dizziness.

Macular Edema

A complication of diabetic retinopathy, macular edema affects the macula in the eye, impacting central vision and color perception.

Pitting Edema

This subtype of peripheral edema is characterized by the formation of a pit or indentation when pressure is applied to the swollen area.

Periorbital Edema

Referring to swelling around the eyes, periorbital edema is often temporary and caused by fluid buildup in the surrounding tissues.

Unraveling the Causes of Edema

Edema can result from a wide range of factors, including:

• Prolonged sitting or standing
• High salt intake
• Hormonal changes during pregnancy or menstruation
• Certain medications (e.g., blood pressure medications, steroids)
• Chronic diseases (heart, liver, or kidney disease)
• Venous insufficiency
• Lymphatic system disorders
• Allergic reactions
• Burns or sunburn
• High altitude exposure

Can edema be a sign of a more serious condition? Indeed, it can. In some cases, edema may indicate underlying health issues such as heart failure, liver cirrhosis, or kidney disease. Therefore, persistent or severe edema should always be evaluated by a healthcare professional.

Effective Treatment Strategies for Edema

The treatment of edema primarily focuses on addressing the underlying cause. However, several strategies can help manage symptoms and reduce fluid retention:

1. Diuretics: These medications help increase urine output, reducing fluid buildup.
2. Compression garments: Wearing compression stockings or sleeves can help improve circulation and reduce swelling.
3. Elevation: Raising the affected limb above heart level can help drain excess fluid.
4. Salt reduction: Limiting sodium intake can help decrease fluid retention.
5. Exercise: Regular physical activity improves circulation and can help reduce edema.
6. Massage: Gentle massage towards the heart can help stimulate lymphatic drainage.
7. Lifestyle modifications: Maintaining a healthy weight and avoiding prolonged periods of sitting or standing can help prevent edema.

Are there natural remedies for edema? Some people find relief through natural approaches such as herbal diuretics (e.g., dandelion or parsley tea), essential oils, or acupuncture. However, it’s important to consult with a healthcare provider before trying any alternative treatments.

Preventing Complications: Self-Care Techniques for Edema Management

While medical treatment is often necessary, several self-care techniques can help manage edema and prevent complications:

• Monitor salt intake and opt for a low-sodium diet
• Maintain a healthy weight through proper nutrition and regular exercise
• Stay hydrated to help flush out excess fluids
• Avoid sitting or standing for extended periods
• Elevate affected limbs when resting
• Wear loose, comfortable clothing and avoid restrictive garments
• Practice good skin hygiene to prevent infections in swollen areas
• Use cold compresses to reduce swelling and discomfort

How often should you exercise when dealing with edema? While the frequency may vary depending on individual circumstances, aim for at least 30 minutes of moderate exercise most days of the week. Activities like walking, swimming, or cycling can be particularly beneficial for improving circulation and reducing edema.

When to Seek Medical Attention for Edema

While mild edema often resolves on its own or with self-care measures, certain situations warrant immediate medical attention:

• Sudden or severe swelling, especially if it’s painful
• Difficulty breathing or chest pain accompanying edema
• Swelling in a single limb, which could indicate a blood clot
• Signs of infection in the swollen area (redness, warmth, fever)
• Edema that doesn’t improve with home remedies
• Swelling during pregnancy, particularly if it’s sudden or severe

Should you always consult a doctor for edema? While not all cases of edema require medical intervention, it’s always better to err on the side of caution. If you’re unsure about the cause of your edema or if it’s persistent or severe, consulting a healthcare provider is advisable.

Edema in Special Populations: Pregnancy and Chronic Diseases

Certain groups of people are more prone to developing edema and may require special considerations:

Edema During Pregnancy

Mild swelling is common during pregnancy, especially in the third trimester. However, sudden or severe edema can be a sign of preeclampsia, a serious pregnancy complication. Pregnant women should monitor their swelling closely and report any sudden changes to their healthcare provider.

Edema in Chronic Diseases

Individuals with chronic conditions such as heart failure, kidney disease, or liver cirrhosis are at higher risk of developing edema. Management in these cases often involves treating the underlying condition alongside strategies to reduce fluid retention.

Can edema be completely cured in chronic conditions? While complete resolution may not always be possible, proper management of the underlying condition and adherence to treatment plans can significantly improve edema symptoms and prevent complications.

The Role of Diet and Nutrition in Managing Edema

Dietary choices play a crucial role in managing edema. Here are some nutritional strategies that can help:

• Reduce sodium intake: Aim for less than 2,300 mg of sodium per day, or as recommended by your healthcare provider.
• Increase potassium-rich foods: Bananas, sweet potatoes, and leafy greens can help balance fluid levels.
• Stay hydrated: Adequate water intake can help flush out excess fluids.
• Consume anti-inflammatory foods: Berries, fatty fish, and nuts may help reduce inflammation associated with edema.
• Consider magnesium-rich foods: Magnesium can help regulate fluid balance in the body.
• Limit alcohol and caffeine: Both can contribute to dehydration and worsen edema.

Are there specific foods to avoid with edema? While individual tolerances may vary, it’s generally advisable to limit processed foods, high-sodium snacks, and foods high in saturated fats, as these can contribute to fluid retention and inflammation.

Understanding the Link Between Edema and Circulation

Edema and circulation are closely interconnected. Poor circulation can lead to fluid buildup in tissues, while improving circulation can help alleviate edema symptoms. Here’s how they relate:

• Venous insufficiency: When veins struggle to return blood to the heart, fluid can accumulate in surrounding tissues.
• Lymphatic system: A compromised lymphatic system can hinder the body’s ability to drain excess fluid.
• Heart function: Weakened heart function can lead to fluid retention throughout the body.

How can you improve circulation to reduce edema? Regular exercise, elevating affected limbs, wearing compression garments, and maintaining a healthy weight can all contribute to better circulation and reduced edema.

Edema and Its Impact on Quality of Life

Chronic edema can significantly affect an individual’s quality of life. It may lead to:

• Reduced mobility and physical discomfort
• Skin changes and increased risk of infections
• Psychological distress due to altered body image
• Sleep disturbances, especially with peripheral edema
• Limitations in daily activities and social interactions

Can edema cause long-term complications if left untreated? Yes, untreated edema can lead to serious complications such as skin ulcers, infections, and decreased blood circulation. In severe cases, it may contribute to the development of conditions like deep vein thrombosis or cellulitis.

Innovative Treatments and Future Directions in Edema Management

As medical research advances, new approaches to managing edema are emerging:

• Gene therapy: Targeting specific genes involved in fluid regulation
• Nanotechnology: Developing nano-sized drug delivery systems for more effective treatment
• Bioelectronic medicine: Using electrical stimulation to improve lymphatic drainage
• Personalized medicine: Tailoring treatments based on individual genetic and metabolic profiles
• Advanced imaging techniques: Improving diagnosis and monitoring of edema

What is the most promising future treatment for edema? While research is ongoing, personalized medicine approaches that combine genetic analysis with targeted therapies show great potential for more effective and individualized edema management.

Living with Edema: Coping Strategies and Support

Managing edema often requires a holistic approach that addresses both physical and emotional aspects:

• Join support groups to connect with others facing similar challenges
• Practice stress-reduction techniques like meditation or yoga
• Work with a physical therapist to develop an appropriate exercise routine
• Consider counseling if edema is affecting your mental health
• Explore adaptive equipment to maintain independence in daily activities
• Stay informed about your condition and treatment options

How can family members support someone with chronic edema? Family members can help by assisting with daily care routines, encouraging adherence to treatment plans, providing emotional support, and helping create a home environment that facilitates management of the condition.

In conclusion, edema is a complex condition that requires a multifaceted approach to management. By understanding its causes, recognizing its symptoms, and implementing appropriate treatment strategies, individuals can effectively manage edema and minimize its impact on their quality of life. Regular medical follow-ups, adherence to treatment plans, and adoption of healthy lifestyle habits are key to long-term success in managing this condition.

Types, causes, symptoms, and treatment

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• Evaluate ingredients and composition: Do they have the potential to cause harm?
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Edema refers to swelling due to fluid buildup in bodily tissues. It is common in the skin but can affect the brain, lungs, and other organs.

There are different causes and types of edema. For example, pulmonary edema affects the lungs, while pedal edema causes swelling in the feet.

Edema usually starts slowly, but the onset can be sudden. It is a common condition, but it can also be a sign of a serious condition.

This article will explain what edema is and how to recognize it, as well as the different types of and treatments for edema. It will also look at possible complications of the condition.

Share on PinterestEdema, or water retention, causes swelling in the affected part of the body.

Edema refers to swelling and puffiness in different areas of the body.

It most often occurs in the skin, especially in the hands, arms, ankles, legs, and feet. However, it can also affect the muscles, bowel, lungs, eyes, and brain.

Edema mainly occurs in older adults and pregnant people, but anyone can experience it.

Symptoms depend on the underlying cause, but swelling, tightness, and pain are common.

A person with edema may also notice:

• swollen, stretched, and shiny skin
• skin that retains a dimple after a few seconds of pressure
• puffiness of the ankles, face, or eyes
• aching body parts and stiff joints
• weight gain or weight loss
• decreased urine production
• fuller hand and neck veins
• visual anomalies

Symptoms can also depend on the type of edema a person has and which part of the body it affects.

Share on PinterestWearing compression stockings can help reduce the swelling and discomfort associated with edema.

Some self-care techniques can help reduce or prevent edema.

These include:

• reducing salt intake
• losing weight, if appropriate
• getting regular exercise
• raising the legs when possible to improve circulation
• wearing supporting stockings, which are available to purchase online
• not sitting or standing still for too long
• getting up and walking about regularly when traveling
• avoiding extremes of temperature, such as hot baths, showers, and saunas
• dressing warmly in cold weather

A masseuse or physical therapist may help remove the fluid by stroking firmly in the direction of the heart.

Oxygen may be useful for treating some types of edema. For example, an individual with cardiogenic pulmonary edema may need additional oxygen if they have difficulty taking in enough.

Oxygen delivered through the nose may improve poor vision associated with diabetic macular edema, according to older research from 2004.

However, some research suggests that hyperbaric oxygen therapy can increase the risk of pulmonary edema.

There are many types of edema. Each one can indicate a range of further health conditions.

Types include:

• Peripheral edema: This affects the feet, ankles, legs, hands, and arms. Symptoms include swelling, puffiness, and difficulty moving certain parts of the body.
• Pulmonary edema: This occurs when excess fluid collects in the lungs, making breathing difficult. This can result from congestive heart failure or acute lung injury. It is a serious condition, it can be a medical emergency, and it can lead to respiratory failure and death.
• Cerebral edema: This occurs in the brain. It can happen for a range of reasons, many of which are potentially life threatening. Symptoms include:
  • headache
  • neck pain or stiffness
  • whole or partial vision loss
  • changes in consciousness or mental state
  • nausea
  • vomiting
  • dizziness
• Macular edema: This is a serious complication of diabetic retinopathy. Swelling occurs in the macula, which is the part of the eye that enables detailed, central vision. The person may notice changes to their central vision and how they see colors.
• Pitting edema: With this type, which can occur in peripheral edema, pressure applied to the skin leaves an indent or pit in the skin.
• Periorbital edema: This refers to inflammation and puffiness around the eye or eyes. The puffiness is due to fluid buildup and is usually temporary.

Edema can occur in other locations as well, but those mentioned above are the most common.

Edema can indicate one of many serious health conditions. It is important for a person to check with a doctor if they are concerned about any kind of swelling.

Edema can result from circulatory problems, infection, tissue death, malnutrition, total body fluid overload, and electrolyte problems.

There are many other possible causes of edema, including the following.

Heart failure

If one or both of the lower chambers of the heart cannot pump blood properly, blood can accumulate in the limbs, causing edema.

Kidney disease or kidney damage

The body of a person with a kidney disorder may not be able to eliminate enough fluid and sodium from the blood. This puts pressure on the blood vessels, which causes some of the liquid to leak out. Swelling can occur around the legs and eyes.

Damage to the glomeruli, which are the capillaries in the kidneys that filter waste and excess fluids from the blood, can result in nephrotic syndrome. One symptom of this is a low level of the protein albumin in the blood. This can lead to edema.

Liver disease

Cirrhosis affects liver function. It can lead to changes in the secretion of hormones and fluid-regulating chemicals and reduced protein production. This causes fluid to leak out of the blood vessels into surrounding tissue.

Cirrhosis also increases pressure within the portal vein, which is the large vein that carries blood from the intestines, spleen, and pancreas to the liver. Edema can occur in the legs and abdominal cavity.

Certain medications

Certain medications can also increase the risk of edema.

These include:

• vasodilators, which are drugs that open blood vessels
• calcium channel blockers
• nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
• estrogens
• some chemotherapy drugs
• some diabetes drugs, such as thiazolidinediones

Pregnancy

During pregnancy, the body releases hormones that encourage fluid retention and the body to retain more sodium and water than usual. The face, hands, lower limbs, and feet may swell.

When a person is resting in a reclined position during pregnancy, the enlarged uterus can press on a vein known as the inferior vena cava. This can obstruct the femoral veins, leading to edema.

During pregnancy, the blood clots more easily. This can increase the risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), which is another potential cause of edema.

Eclampsia, which results from pregnancy-induced hypertension, or high blood pressure, can also cause edema.

Dietary factors

A number of dietary factors can also affect the risk of edema, such as:

• consuming too much salt (in people who are susceptible to developing edema)
• malnutrition, wherein edema can result from low protein levels in the blood
• a low intake of vitamin B 1, B 6, and B5

Diabetes

Some complications of diabetes include:

• cardiovascular disease
• acute renal failure
• acute liver failure
• protein-losing enteropathy, which is an intestinal condition that causes protein loss

These complications, and certain medications for diabetes, can result in edema.

Diabetic macular edema is the swelling of the retina in diabetes.

Conditions affecting the brain

Some causes of swelling in the brain include:

• Head injuries: A blow to the head may result in an accumulation of fluids in the brain.
• Stroke: A major stroke can result in brain swelling.
• Brain tumors: A brain tumor will accumulate water around itself, especially as it builds new blood vessels.

Allergies

Some foods and insect bites may cause edema of the face or skin in people who have allergies or sensitivities to them. Severe swelling can be a symptom of anaphylaxis.

Swelling in the throat can close a person’s airway, so they cannot breathe. This is a medical emergency.

Problems with the extremities

Some extremity-related causes of edema include:

• A blood clot: Any blockage, such as a clot in a vein, can prevent the blood from flowing. As pressure increases in the vein, fluids start to leak into the surrounding tissue, causing edema.
• Varicose veins: These usually occur because valves become damaged. Pressure increases in the veins, and they start to bulge. The pressure also increases the risk of fluids leaking into the surrounding tissue.
• A cyst, growth, or tumor: Any lump can cause edema if it presses against a lymph duct or vein. As pressure builds up, fluids can leak into surrounding tissue.
• Lymphedema: The lymphatic system helps remove excess fluid from tissues. Any damage to this system — from a surgical procedure, an infection, or a tumor, for example — can result in edema.

Miscellaneous conditions

Some other possible causes of edema include:

• Prolonged immobility: People who are immobile for a long time can develop edema in their skin. This can be due both to fluid pooling in gravity dependent areas and the release of antidiuretic hormone from the pituitary.
• High altitude: This, combined with physical exertion, can increase the risk of edema. Acute mountain sickness can lead to high-altitude pulmonary edema or high-altitude cerebral edema.
• Burns and sunburn: The skin reacts to burns by retaining fluid. This causes localized swelling.
• Infection or inflammation: Any tissue that is infected or inflamed can become swollen. This is usually most noticeable in the skin.
• Menstruation and premenstruation: Hormone levels fluctuate during the menstrual cycle. During the days before menstruation, levels of progesterone are lower, and this may cause fluid retention.
• Birth control pills: Any medication that contains estrogen can cause fluid retention. It is not uncommon for people to gain weight when they first start using birth control pills.
• Menopause: Around menopause, hormone fluctuations can cause fluid retention. Hormone replacement therapy can also trigger edema.
• Thyroid disease: Hormonal imbalances associated with thyroid problems can lead to edema.

Untreated edema can lead to:

• painful swelling, with pain that gets worse
• stiffness and difficulty walking
• stretched, itchy skin
• infection in the area of swelling
• scarring between the layers of tissue
• poor blood circulation
• loss of elasticity in the arteries, veins, and joints
• ulcerations on the skin

Any underlying condition needs medical treatment to prevent it from becoming more serious.

Edema occurs when fluid builds up in the body. This causes swelling, which can sometimes be painful.

There are several potential causes of edema, including pregnancy, heart failure, liver disease, and certain medications. The treatment a person receives will depend on the cause.

Types, causes, symptoms, and treatment

We include products we think are useful for our readers. If you buy through links on this page, we may earn a small commission Here’s our process.

Medical News Today only shows you brands and products that we stand behind.

Our team thoroughly researches and evaluates the recommendations we make on our site. To establish that the product manufacturers addressed safety and efficacy standards, we:

• Evaluate ingredients and composition: Do they have the potential to cause harm?
• Fact-check all health claims: Do they align with the current body of scientific evidence?
• Assess the brand: Does it operate with integrity and adhere to industry best practices?

We do the research so you can find trusted products for your health and wellness.

Read more about our vetting process.

Was this helpful?

Edema refers to swelling due to fluid buildup in bodily tissues. It is common in the skin but can affect the brain, lungs, and other organs.

There are different causes and types of edema. For example, pulmonary edema affects the lungs, while pedal edema causes swelling in the feet.

Edema usually starts slowly, but the onset can be sudden. It is a common condition, but it can also be a sign of a serious condition.

This article will explain what edema is and how to recognize it, as well as the different types of and treatments for edema. It will also look at possible complications of the condition.

Share on PinterestEdema, or water retention, causes swelling in the affected part of the body.

Edema refers to swelling and puffiness in different areas of the body.

It most often occurs in the skin, especially in the hands, arms, ankles, legs, and feet. However, it can also affect the muscles, bowel, lungs, eyes, and brain.

Edema mainly occurs in older adults and pregnant people, but anyone can experience it.

Symptoms depend on the underlying cause, but swelling, tightness, and pain are common.

A person with edema may also notice:

• swollen, stretched, and shiny skin
• skin that retains a dimple after a few seconds of pressure
• puffiness of the ankles, face, or eyes
• aching body parts and stiff joints
• weight gain or weight loss
• decreased urine production
• fuller hand and neck veins
• visual anomalies

Symptoms can also depend on the type of edema a person has and which part of the body it affects.

Share on PinterestWearing compression stockings can help reduce the swelling and discomfort associated with edema.

Some self-care techniques can help reduce or prevent edema.

These include:

• reducing salt intake
• losing weight, if appropriate
• getting regular exercise
• raising the legs when possible to improve circulation
• wearing supporting stockings, which are available to purchase online
• not sitting or standing still for too long
• getting up and walking about regularly when traveling
• avoiding extremes of temperature, such as hot baths, showers, and saunas
• dressing warmly in cold weather

A masseuse or physical therapist may help remove the fluid by stroking firmly in the direction of the heart.

Oxygen may be useful for treating some types of edema. For example, an individual with cardiogenic pulmonary edema may need additional oxygen if they have difficulty taking in enough.

Oxygen delivered through the nose may improve poor vision associated with diabetic macular edema, according to older research from 2004.

However, some research suggests that hyperbaric oxygen therapy can increase the risk of pulmonary edema.

There are many types of edema. Each one can indicate a range of further health conditions.

Types include:

• Peripheral edema: This affects the feet, ankles, legs, hands, and arms. Symptoms include swelling, puffiness, and difficulty moving certain parts of the body.
• Pulmonary edema: This occurs when excess fluid collects in the lungs, making breathing difficult. This can result from congestive heart failure or acute lung injury. It is a serious condition, it can be a medical emergency, and it can lead to respiratory failure and death.
• Cerebral edema: This occurs in the brain. It can happen for a range of reasons, many of which are potentially life threatening. Symptoms include:
  • headache
  • neck pain or stiffness
  • whole or partial vision loss
  • changes in consciousness or mental state
  • nausea
  • vomiting
  • dizziness
• Macular edema: This is a serious complication of diabetic retinopathy. Swelling occurs in the macula, which is the part of the eye that enables detailed, central vision. The person may notice changes to their central vision and how they see colors.
• Pitting edema: With this type, which can occur in peripheral edema, pressure applied to the skin leaves an indent or pit in the skin.
• Periorbital edema: This refers to inflammation and puffiness around the eye or eyes. The puffiness is due to fluid buildup and is usually temporary.

Edema can occur in other locations as well, but those mentioned above are the most common.

Edema can indicate one of many serious health conditions. It is important for a person to check with a doctor if they are concerned about any kind of swelling.

Edema can result from circulatory problems, infection, tissue death, malnutrition, total body fluid overload, and electrolyte problems.

There are many other possible causes of edema, including the following.

Heart failure

If one or both of the lower chambers of the heart cannot pump blood properly, blood can accumulate in the limbs, causing edema.

Kidney disease or kidney damage

The body of a person with a kidney disorder may not be able to eliminate enough fluid and sodium from the blood. This puts pressure on the blood vessels, which causes some of the liquid to leak out. Swelling can occur around the legs and eyes.

Damage to the glomeruli, which are the capillaries in the kidneys that filter waste and excess fluids from the blood, can result in nephrotic syndrome. One symptom of this is a low level of the protein albumin in the blood. This can lead to edema.

Liver disease

Cirrhosis affects liver function. It can lead to changes in the secretion of hormones and fluid-regulating chemicals and reduced protein production. This causes fluid to leak out of the blood vessels into surrounding tissue.

Cirrhosis also increases pressure within the portal vein, which is the large vein that carries blood from the intestines, spleen, and pancreas to the liver. Edema can occur in the legs and abdominal cavity.

Certain medications

Certain medications can also increase the risk of edema.

These include:

• vasodilators, which are drugs that open blood vessels
• calcium channel blockers
• nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
• estrogens
• some chemotherapy drugs
• some diabetes drugs, such as thiazolidinediones

Pregnancy

During pregnancy, the body releases hormones that encourage fluid retention and the body to retain more sodium and water than usual. The face, hands, lower limbs, and feet may swell.

When a person is resting in a reclined position during pregnancy, the enlarged uterus can press on a vein known as the inferior vena cava. This can obstruct the femoral veins, leading to edema.

During pregnancy, the blood clots more easily. This can increase the risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), which is another potential cause of edema.

Eclampsia, which results from pregnancy-induced hypertension, or high blood pressure, can also cause edema.

Dietary factors

A number of dietary factors can also affect the risk of edema, such as:

• consuming too much salt (in people who are susceptible to developing edema)
• malnutrition, wherein edema can result from low protein levels in the blood
• a low intake of vitamin B 1, B 6, and B5

Diabetes

Some complications of diabetes include:

• cardiovascular disease
• acute renal failure
• acute liver failure
• protein-losing enteropathy, which is an intestinal condition that causes protein loss

These complications, and certain medications for diabetes, can result in edema.

Diabetic macular edema is the swelling of the retina in diabetes.

Conditions affecting the brain

Some causes of swelling in the brain include:

• Head injuries: A blow to the head may result in an accumulation of fluids in the brain.
• Stroke: A major stroke can result in brain swelling.
• Brain tumors: A brain tumor will accumulate water around itself, especially as it builds new blood vessels.

Allergies

Some foods and insect bites may cause edema of the face or skin in people who have allergies or sensitivities to them. Severe swelling can be a symptom of anaphylaxis.

Swelling in the throat can close a person’s airway, so they cannot breathe. This is a medical emergency.

Problems with the extremities

Some extremity-related causes of edema include:

• A blood clot: Any blockage, such as a clot in a vein, can prevent the blood from flowing. As pressure increases in the vein, fluids start to leak into the surrounding tissue, causing edema.
• Varicose veins: These usually occur because valves become damaged. Pressure increases in the veins, and they start to bulge. The pressure also increases the risk of fluids leaking into the surrounding tissue.
• A cyst, growth, or tumor: Any lump can cause edema if it presses against a lymph duct or vein. As pressure builds up, fluids can leak into surrounding tissue.
• Lymphedema: The lymphatic system helps remove excess fluid from tissues. Any damage to this system — from a surgical procedure, an infection, or a tumor, for example — can result in edema.

Miscellaneous conditions

Some other possible causes of edema include:

• Prolonged immobility: People who are immobile for a long time can develop edema in their skin. This can be due both to fluid pooling in gravity dependent areas and the release of antidiuretic hormone from the pituitary.
• High altitude: This, combined with physical exertion, can increase the risk of edema. Acute mountain sickness can lead to high-altitude pulmonary edema or high-altitude cerebral edema.
• Burns and sunburn: The skin reacts to burns by retaining fluid. This causes localized swelling.
• Infection or inflammation: Any tissue that is infected or inflamed can become swollen. This is usually most noticeable in the skin.
• Menstruation and premenstruation: Hormone levels fluctuate during the menstrual cycle. During the days before menstruation, levels of progesterone are lower, and this may cause fluid retention.
• Birth control pills: Any medication that contains estrogen can cause fluid retention. It is not uncommon for people to gain weight when they first start using birth control pills.
• Menopause: Around menopause, hormone fluctuations can cause fluid retention. Hormone replacement therapy can also trigger edema.
• Thyroid disease: Hormonal imbalances associated with thyroid problems can lead to edema.

Untreated edema can lead to:

• painful swelling, with pain that gets worse
• stiffness and difficulty walking
• stretched, itchy skin
• infection in the area of swelling
• scarring between the layers of tissue
• poor blood circulation
• loss of elasticity in the arteries, veins, and joints
• ulcerations on the skin

Any underlying condition needs medical treatment to prevent it from becoming more serious.

Edema occurs when fluid builds up in the body. This causes swelling, which can sometimes be painful.

There are several potential causes of edema, including pregnancy, heart failure, liver disease, and certain medications. The treatment a person receives will depend on the cause.

Causes of edema. How to deal with them?

In the human body, fluid makes up 60% of body weight. Its excessive accumulation in the tissues and cavities of the body is called edema. Most often, this is not an independent disease, but a manifestation of some kind of pathology.

A person can detect the appearance of edema himself: shoes have become small, rings are small, weight has increased, the face has changed. There are hidden edema, they can be detected by measuring the weight and the amount of fluid consumed and excreted.

Edema can be local (with inflammation, allergic reactions, impaired venous or lymphatic outflow) and generalized (with diseases of the heart and kidneys).

A number of signs help to suggest the cause of edema:

• in diseases of the liver: spider veins, jaundice;

• for allergies: the presence of contact with an allergen, rapid spread throughout the body, combination with urticaria, itching, swelling of mucous membranes, redness of the skin;

• in venous insufficiency: varicose veins, reduction of edema when the limb is in an elevated position;

• with thrombosis: begins suddenly on one of the limbs, appears after operations, fractures, childbirth, with prolonged bed rest;

• with blockage of the superior vena cava: hemorrhages on the face;

• in heart failure: shortness of breath, swelling of the neck veins, due to a decrease in the pumping function of the heart, fluid stagnates more in the limbs;

• in violation of lymphatic drainage: persistent edema, does not go away after rest, the skin over the affected area cannot be folded;

• with paralysis: due to impaired muscle contractility, paresis and expansion of peripheral vessels, edema appears on the side of the lesion;

• with thrombophlebitis: the presence of signs of inflammation (hot edema with reddening of the skin and pain).

Edema is caused by:

• increase in hydrostatic pressure in the vessels when compressed by a tumor, heart failure, varicose veins;

• electrolyte disturbances (elevated sodium levels retain fluid) in violation of the kidneys and hormonal disorders;

• decrease in oncotic (created by proteins) blood pressure with low intake against the background of starvation, with malabsorption in the intestine, with impaired synthesis against the background of liver diseases, with loss of proteins against the background of kidney damage;

• increased capillary permeability in allergic and neurological diseases, infections, vasculitis, hypothyroidism;

• violation of lymph drainage as a result of lymphangitis, tumors, operations;

• idiopathic edema (in the absence of an obvious cause). Such edema is often noted in premenopausal women and is called the syndrome of excessive fluid retention.

Several mechanisms are most often involved in the development of edema. Edema of pregnant women is associated with a decrease in blood protein, an increase in pressure and vascular permeability during compression of the abdominal veins by an enlarged uterus. With parasitic invasions, edema is associated with compression of blood vessels and the action of toxic waste products on their walls with an increase in permeability. Drugs (hormones, antidepressants, antihypertensive, antiviral and anti-inflammatory drugs) can have a toxic effect on the kidneys, change the protein and electrolyte composition of the blood.

To cope with swelling you need to remember:

1. Salt, coffee, alcohol, sugar, promote water retention. With edema, it is necessary to reduce their consumption.

2. To normalize heat exchange in the heat, blood vessels dilate, blood flow increases, and swelling appears.

3. When the limbs are in one position for a long time (with long sitting with crossed legs; at hairdressers, sellers, cooks), when wearing narrow uncomfortable shoes, the circulation in the limbs is disturbed, blood stagnates, legs swell.

4. Physical activity stimulates circulation, increases perspiration and reduces swelling.

5. Edema is often a manifestation of a serious pathology. Its appearance is an occasion to consult a doctor and diagnose the causes.

In the presence of edema, it is recommended to take:

• Urinalysis,

• blood test for biochemical parameters (total protein, albumin, sodium, potassium, chlorine)

• Creatinine, Glucose, ALT, AST, Bilirubin, Brain Natriuretic Peptide,

• hormones (T4 free, T3 free, Aldosterone),

The quality and life expectancy of people with edematous syndrome, their social adaptation are determined by timely diagnosis and therapy. The examination plan must be determined with the doctor, without wasting time on self-diagnosis and self-treatment.

You can get high-quality tests at an affordable price in the network of MobilMed diagnostic clinics, many of them are performed urgently by CITO. A complete list of analyzes can be found on our website.

Causes and Possible Solutions

Contents

• 1 Why Face Swelling Occurs: Top 10 Causes and How to Deal with Them
  • 1.1 What is Facial Swelling
  • 1.2 Facial Swelling Causes

  9001 3 1.3 Heredity and swelling of the face

  • 1.4 What to do if facial swelling occurs
  • 1.5 Ways to eliminate facial swelling at home
  • 1.6 Preventive measures to prevent facial swelling
  • 1.7 What foods to avoid in the diet for facial swelling
    • 1.7.1 Harmful foods
    • 1.7.2 Useful products
  • 1.8 Alternative treatments for swelling of the face
    • 1.8.1 Masks to eliminate swelling
    • 1.8.2 Aromatherapy
    • 1.8.3 Massage
    • 1.8.4 Facial muscle training
    • 1.8.5 Strict diet
  • 1.9 Edema of the eyelids: features and treatment
  • doctor in case of swelling of the face
    • 1. 11. 1 Do not postpone a visit to the doctor if the swelling is accompanied by the following symptoms:
  • 1.12 Related videos:
  • 1.13 Q&A:
    • • 1.13.0.1 What is swelling of the face?
      • 1.13.0.2 What symptoms accompany swelling of the face?
      • 1.13.0.3 How can swelling of the face be prevented?
      • 1.13.0.4 What should I do if my face is swollen?
      • 1.13.0.5 What are the treatments for facial swelling?
      • 1.13.0.6 What folk remedies help eliminate swelling of the face?

Swelling of the face can be caused by a variety of causes, such as allergies, kidney or heart disease, infections, trauma, poor diet, and more. Learn more about the possible causes of facial swelling and how to treat it.

Swelling of the face is an unpleasant phenomenon, which is often a signal of a violation in the body. It manifests itself in the form of an increase in the volume of the face due to fluid retention in the intercellular space. This condition not only spoils the appearance, but can also be accompanied by discomfort, pain, and in some cases, cause serious complications.

Swelling of the face can be due to many reasons – from an allergic reaction to diseases of the internal organs or the nervous system. Basically, this is due to a violation of the excretion of fluid from the body, which can be caused by poor heredity, wrong lifestyle, alcohol abuse, filling of kidney hydrate due to impaired kidney and heart function, as well as taking certain medications.

Facial swelling may require not only the use of cosmetics, but also the treatment of the underlying disease. Before starting the treatment of edema, it is necessary to identify the cause of its occurrence. Each case may require an individual approach.

What is swelling of the face

Edema of the face is a condition in which a large amount of fluid accumulates in the tissues of the face, which leads to an increase in the volume of the face and a violation of the shape. Facial edema can be either unilateral or bilateral, and its causes can be varied.

Facial swelling is often accompanied by other symptoms such as pain, itching, redness and peeling of the skin, and bruising. At the first sign of swelling of the face, you should consult a doctor to identify the cause and eliminate the problem.

Causes of swelling of the face

Circulatory disorders. One of the most common causes of swelling of the face is poor circulation, which can cause fluid to accumulate in tissues. This can happen both as a result of a decrease in blood density, and with insufficient oxygen supply to the body due to tight bags, smoking and other factors.

Allergic reaction. An allergic reaction can cause inflammation of the mucous membranes of the eyes and nose, as well as swelling of the face, which is usually accompanied by itching and burning. This can occur as a result of bee or other insect stings, contact with plants, and other allergens.

Excess fluid intake. If you drink too much liquid, including alcoholic beverages, the likelihood of swelling of the face increases. This is because excess fluid can cause fluid to build up in the tissues, which can lead to swelling of the face.

Fatigue. Fatigue and overexertion can be another cause of facial swelling. This is because fatigue can cause fluid to build up in the tissues, leading to swelling.

Heredity and swelling of the face

Edema of the face is a problem that can be associated with various factors, including heredity. If the parents had problems with edema, then the likelihood of their occurrence in their offspring is also high.

To prevent the occurrence of edema due to heredity, it is necessary to lead a healthy lifestyle, exercise, eat right, avoid excessive consumption of alcohol and salt. In case of problems with edema, it is necessary to consult a doctor for recommendations on the treatment and prevention of this problem.

What to do if swelling of the face appears

The first step is to find out the cause of the swelling . This may be the result of an allergic reaction, disease of organs or tissues in the face, or disorders in the circulatory and lymphatic systems.

If swelling is caused by allergy, contact with the allergen should be avoided and antihistamines should be taken. It is important to establish what type of allergy it belongs to and eliminate the source of exposure to the allergen.

If the edema is caused by disease, it is necessary to contact specialists to find out the causes and prescribe treatment. Consultations with an ophthalmologist, neurologist, endocrinologist, immunologist or other specialists may be required.

Cold compresses can help reduce swelling. To do this, you can use an ice bone, which will be placed in the tissue and applied to the swollen area for several minutes. You can also use frozen greens, a wet towel, or a special container with frozen gel.

Facial massage can help improve circulation and lymphatic drainage. However, it is not recommended to use it in the presence of inflammatory processes or severe edema.

Drinking more water will help reduce swelling as it helps to remove excess fluids from the body.

Home remedies for facial swelling

1. Applying cold

Cold compresses can be used to relieve facial swelling. For example, pour cold water into a bowl and lower your face into it for a few seconds, repeating the procedure several times. You can also use ice or frozen vegetables by wrapping them in a soft cloth and applying them to swollen areas of your face. This procedure will help relieve swelling and improve blood circulation.

2. Massage

Facial massage can also help reduce swelling. Gently massage the skin around the eyes and cheeks, lifting swollen areas. It is important not to press hard or rub the skin, so as not to cause irritation.

3. Facial exercises

Special facial exercises may be helpful in reducing swelling. For example, close your eyes and move them slowly, first vertically, then horizontally. You can also try to puff out your cheeks and then slowly release the air. Repeat the exercises several times a day.

4. Proper nutrition

Proper nutrition can help reduce facial puffiness. Reduce your intake of salty and fatty foods, and increase your consumption of fresh fruits and vegetables. You can also add foods rich in vitamin C to your diet, which helps improve blood circulation and reduce swelling.

5. Normalization of sleep and rest

Lack of sleep and constant stress can also cause swelling of the face. Therefore, to eliminate it, it is very important to get enough sleep and rest, as well as to minimize stressful situations. Regular meditation, yoga, and breathing exercises can also help improve overall health and reduce facial swelling.

Preventive measures to prevent swelling of the face

Swelling of the face can occur for various reasons, including allergic reactions, diseases of the internal organs and fatigue. However, there are several ways that can help prevent facial swelling.

• Drink enough water. Drinking enough water can help the body get rid of toxins and excess fluid, which can help prevent swelling.
• Avoid salty and fatty foods. Eating salty and fatty foods can lead to fluid retention in the body and contribute to the development of edema, so it is important to monitor your diet and avoid such foods as often as possible.
• Use mild cosmetics. The use of hard sponges or brushes when cleansing the face can damage the skin and cause swelling, so it is important to choose soft cosmetics and not use them too often.
• Perform facial massage. Facial massage can help improve circulation and lymph flow, which can help reduce swelling and improve skin health.

Following the above recommendations can help prevent swelling of the face and maintain healthy, well-groomed skin.

What foods to exclude from the diet for swelling of the face

Harmful foods

When swelling of the face, foods that can cause an increase in blood pressure and fluid retention in the body should be excluded from the diet.

1. Salty snacks.
2. Sweet and starchy.
3. Pickled vegetables.
4. Coffee.
5. Canned food.
6. Alcohol.

Healthy Foods

Some foods can help reduce facial swelling due to their diuretic properties.

• Cucumbers. They contain a lot of water and help remove excess fluid from the body.
• Watermelon. It is also rich in water and helps eliminate swelling.
• Celery. It contains a lot of potassium and helps to remove excess sodium from the body.

Product Benefits

Alternative Treatments for Facial Swelling

Masks to Eliminate Puffiness

Clay Mask is a natural preparation that speeds up metabolism, removes toxins and has a lymphatic drainage effect. You can prepare it yourself by diluting the clay with water in accordance with the instructions on the package.
Cucumber mask – helps to soothe the skin, eliminate puffiness and restore blood circulation. It is recommended to apply a thin layer on the skin for 15-20 minutes.

Aromatherapy

Mint and Lime – help speed up the blood circulation process, which helps to eliminate swelling. For example, you can add a couple of drops of peppermint or lime essential oil to your sink or scented lamp.

Massage

Massage promotes blood circulation and lymphatic drainage. It is necessary to make gentle circular movements without pressing on the skin. Apply cosmetic oil or massage cream to the skin of the face.

Facial training

You can perform special facial exercises. They relieve tension, improve blood circulation and prevent swelling.

Strict diet

Eating salty, fatty and spicy foods can lead to fluid accumulation in the face. Reduce the intake of animal fats, salt and carbohydrates.

Eyelid edema: features and treatment

Eyelid edema is a collection of fluid in the tissues in the eye area. Swelling can cause discomfort, including redness and peeling of the skin, itching, heaviness, eye fatigue. Swelling can occur due to a variety of reasons, including allergies, sleep disturbances, thyroid disease, or blood pressure problems.

If the swelling is caused by allergies, your doctor may recommend antihistamines, which can help relieve your allergy symptoms. If the swelling is related to thyroid disease or blood pressure problems, you will need to undergo additional examination to identify the causes and prescribe adequate treatment.

• The positive effect of eliminating the causes of edema can only be achieved with the combined use of various methods of treatment.
• If swelling of the eyelids occurs regularly, consult a specialist.

Facial Swelling Exercises

Swelling of the face can occur for a variety of reasons, including fatigue, illness, allergic reactions, and metabolic changes. Exercise can help eliminate swelling and restore a fresh, healthy-looking face.

1. Massage

Massage can help improve blood circulation in the face and relieve swelling. Start the massage from the center of the face, slowly moving towards the temples, and then to the chin area. Add light pokes along the edge of the eyelids, this can help relieve puffiness in the eyes.

2. Tongue exercises

When you do tongue exercises, you contract muscles in your neck and face that can cause swelling. Try to stick your tongue out as far as possible and hold it in that position for a few seconds. Repeat this exercise 10 times.

3. Cheek exercises

Swollen cheeks can also cause facial swelling. Do exercises to strengthen your cheek muscles and avoid swelling. Draw air in your cheeks and slowly release it, repeat 10 times. You can also chew gum regularly.

Remember that exercise can help relieve swelling, but if the causes of swelling are due to illness or allergies, seek medical attention.

When to see a doctor for swelling of the face

Do not delay a visit to the doctor if swelling is accompanied by the following symptoms:

• pain and redness at the site of swelling;
• respiratory failure;
• weakness and dizziness;
• high body temperature;
• presence of edema after insect or animal bites;
• edema due to an allergic reaction;
• edema is a consequence of trauma.

If edema occurs regularly, despite the measures taken, then it is important to see a doctor to examine and determine the cause. This will help to avoid deterioration of the condition and start treatment in a timely manner.

In addition, you should not self-medicate with swelling of the face, as incorrect actions can aggravate the situation and lead to more serious consequences.

Related videos:

Q&A:

What is swelling of the face?

Facial edema is swelling of tissues that are located on the face: skin, subcutaneous fat, muscles and soft tissues. It can occur due to a variety of reasons, such as allergies, fatigue, stress, kidney, heart, or liver disease, as well as certain medications. Swelling of the face can manifest itself in varying degrees of severity and last for different times.

What symptoms accompany swelling of the face?

Symptoms of swelling of the face may include various changes in the facial area, such as an increase in volume, swelling, changes in the shape or size of the face, reddening of the skin on the face, the appearance of tumors. There may also be soreness, difficulty breathing, sensations of squeezing and burning in the face. Symptoms may vary depending on the cause of the swelling.

How can swelling of the face be prevented?

To prevent swelling of the face, you need to monitor the general condition of the body. It is recommended to avoid strenuous exercise, drinking alcohol and smoking, monitor diet and rest, and avoid contact with allergens. If there are chronic diseases, it is necessary to monitor their treatment and medication.

What should I do if my face is swollen?

If you have facial swelling, the first thing you need to do is find out the cause. If the cause is an allergy, avoid contact with the allergen and take an antiallergic medicine. If the cause is unknown or is a disease, you need to see a doctor who will identify the cause and prescribe treatment. In some cases, hospitalization may be required.

What treatments are available for swelling of the face?

Methods for treating facial edema depend on its cause. If it is an allergy, it is necessary to take antiallergic medicines. In case of diseases of the heart, kidneys or liver, the disease itself must be treated. In case of violation of lymphatic drainage, a massage of the face and neck, as well as compression underwear, may be required. In some cases, surgery may be required.

What folk remedies help eliminate swelling of the face?

Among the folk remedies to eliminate swelling of the face, one can single out compresses from infusion of clover mixed with honey or yogurt, cucumber or potato masks, facial massage with rosemary or lavender oil, taking decoctions from herb knotweed or calendula. However, before using folk remedies, you need to make sure that they will not cause allergic reactions, and will not replace full-fledged medical treatment, if necessary.