Endocrine system hormones chart: Hormones and Your Endocrine System
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Hormone name
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Where the hormone is made
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What the hormone does
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Aldosterone
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Adrenal glands
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Controls salt, water balance, and blood pressure
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Cortisol (corticosteroid)
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Adrenal glands
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Controls key functions in the body.
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Antidiuretic hormone (vasopressin)
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Pituitary gland
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Affects water retention in kidneys and sodium balance. Controls blood pressure.
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Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
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Pituitary gland
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Controls the making of cortisol and other steroids in the adrenal glands.
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Growth hormone (GH)
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Pituitary gland
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Affects growth and development.
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Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
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Pituitary gland
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Controls the making of sex hormones (estrogen and testosterone) and the making of eggs and sperm.
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Oxytocin
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Pituitary gland
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Triggers contraction of the uterus and milk release in breasts during breastfeeding. May play a role in trust and bonding, especially between parents and children.
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Prolactin
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Pituitary gland
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Starts and keeps up the making of milk in breasts.
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Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
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Pituitary gland
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Triggers the making and release of thyroid hormones
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Renin
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Kidneys
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Controls blood pressure
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Erythropoietin
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Kidneys
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Affects the making of red blood cells (RBCs)
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Glucagon
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Pancreas
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Raises blood sugar levels
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Insulin
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Pancreas
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Lowers blood sugar levels.
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Estrogen
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Ovaries
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Affects growth and function of uterus and breasts. Helps protect bone health.
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Progesterone
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Ovaries
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Grows the lining of the uterus for fertilization. Prepares the breasts for making milk.
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Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
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Parathyroid glands
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Plays the most important role in controlling blood calcium levels
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Thyroid hormone
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Thyroid gland
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Controls metabolism.
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Epinephrine
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Adrenal glands
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Increases heart rate, oxygen intake, and blood flow
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Norepinephrine
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Adrenal glands
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Maintains blood pressure
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Testosterone
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Testes (testicles)
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Controls sexual growth and function.
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Melatonin
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Pineal gland
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Helps with sleep
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Growth hormone- releasing hormone (GHRH)
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Hypothalamus
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Controls growth hormone release in the pituitary gland
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Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)
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Hypothalamus
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Controls thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) release in the pituitary gland
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Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)
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Hypothalamus
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Controls the making of LH/FSH in the pituitary gland
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Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)
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Hypothalamus
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Controls adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) release in the pituitary gland
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Humoral factors
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Thymus
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Helps develop the immune system during puberty
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Acts as an anti-inflammatory. Controls blood sugar levels, blood pressure, and muscle strength. Controls salt and water balance.
Promotes the making of protein. Affects where fat is on the body.
Affects sex hormone levels.
Triggers the metabolism of glucose, protein, and fat.
Affects growth, maturation, and nervous system activity.
Helps protect bone health.Human Hormones Summary Table
Hits: 2053
| Hormone | Structure (1) | Principal Source Link to diagram showing locations of the endocrine glands |
|---|---|---|
| Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) | protein (201) | Anterior lobe of pituitary |
| Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) | protein (204) | |
| Luteinizing hormone (LH) | protein (204) | |
| Prolactin (PRL) | protein (198) | |
| Growth hormone (GH) | protein (191) | |
| Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) | peptide (39) | |
| Vasopressin | peptide (9) | Posterior lobe of pituitary |
| Oxytocin | peptide (9) | |
| Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) | peptide (3) | Hypothalamus |
| Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) | peptide (10) | |
| Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) | peptides (40, 44) | |
| Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) | peptide (41) | |
| Somatostatin | peptides (14, 28) | |
| Dopamine | tyrosine derivative | |
| Melatonin | tryptophan derivative | Pineal gland |
| Thyroxine (T4) | tyrosine derivative | Thyroid Gland |
| Calcitonin | peptide (32) | |
| Parathyroid hormone (PTH) | protein (84) | Parathyroid glands |
| FGF-23 (phosphatonin) | protein (251) | Bone |
| Osteocalcin | peptide (49) | |
| Lipocalin 2 | protein (198) | |
| Erythropoietin (EPO) | protein (166) | |
Glucocorticoids (e. g., cortisol) | steroids | Adrenal cortex |
| Mineralocorticoids (e.g., aldosterone) | steroids | |
| Androgens (e.g., testosterone) | steroids | |
| Adrenaline (epinephrine) | tyrosine derivative | Adrenal medulla |
| Noradrenaline (norepinephrine) | tyrosine derivative | |
| Estrogens (e.g., estradiol) | steroid | Ovarian follicle |
| Progesterone | steroid | Corpus luteum and placenta |
| Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) | protein (237) | Trophoblast and placenta |
| Androgens (e.g., testosterone) | steroid | Testes |
| Insulin | protein (51) | Pancreas (Islets of Langerhans) |
| Glucagon | peptide (29) | |
| Somatostatin | peptides (14, 28) | |
| Amylin | peptide (37) | |
| Erythropoietin (EPO) | protein (166) | Kidney |
| Calcitriol | steroid derivative | |
| Calciferol (vitamin D3) | steroid derivative | Skin |
| Atrial-natriuretic peptide (ANP) | peptides (28, 32) | Heart |
| Gastrin | peptides (e. g., 14) | Stomach and intestine |
| Secretin | peptide (27) | |
| Cholecystokinin (CCK) | peptides (e.g., 8) | |
| Fibroblast Growth Factor 19 (FGF19) | protein (216) | |
| Incretins | peptides (e.g., 31, 42) | |
| Somatostatin | peptides (14, 28) | |
| Neuropeptide Y | peptide (36) | |
| Ghrelin | peptide (28) | |
| PYY3-36 | peptide (34) | |
| Serotonin | tryptophan derivative | |
| Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) | protein (70) | Liver |
| Angiotensinogen | protein (485) | |
| Thrombopoietin | protein (332) | |
| Hepcidin | peptide (25) | |
| Betatrophin | protein (193) | |
| Leptin | protein (167) | Fat cells (adipocytes) |
| Retinol Binding Protein 4 | protein (~180) | |
| Adiponectin | protein (117) | |
| Asprosin | protein (140) |
Note (1): Numbers within parentheses indicate the number of amino acids in the protein or peptide(s).
| Welcome&Next Search |
2 April 2017
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Endocrine system table
9
class Subject:
Endocrine glands
Body glands
External
mixed secretion
internal secretion
secretions (lacrimal,
sweat, salivary (genital,
pancreas) (pituitary,
adrenal glands, shield –
dairy,
liver)
prominent, epiphysis)
Glands
internal secretion (endocrine) –
produce biologically active
substances – hormones which
affect biological functions
organisms.
Hormones
more than the norm is allocated – hyperfunction
glands
Gomonov
allocated less than the norm – hypofunction
glands
Iron | Hormones | Action |
Pituitary gland (“conductor of endocrine glands”) | Growth hormone Prolactin Vasopressin Oxytocin Thyrotropin corticotropin | Human height Milk quantity Increases reabsorption Uterine contraction during Affects performance Affects performance Hyperfunction – Hypofunction – |
Thyroid | Thyroxine Triiodothyronine calcitonin | Affect exchange Excitability of nervous Regulates exchange Hyperfunction – Hypofunction – |
Adrenals | Corticosteroids Adrenaline Norepinephrine | Regulates exchange sex hormones. “Fear Hormone” “aggression hormone” Hyperfunction – Hypofunction – bronze (Addison’s |
Epiphysis | Melatonin | Controls sleep and wakefulness, |
Pancreas (mixed glands) | Pancreatic juice Insulin glucagon | Influence regulation Decreased insulin production |
Sexual – testicles and ovaries – | Oocytes and Testosterone (male) Progesterone (female hormone) | Responsible for gender |
Endocrine system – materials for preparing for the exam in Biology
aka
System of endocrine glands ,
aka
Hormonal system ,
aka
9 0217 Humoral regulation system .
The author of the article is L.V. Okolnova.
There are many names, so it immediately becomes clear – a very important system 🙂
Let’s take it in order.
“Endocrine” – part of the word “endo” means “internal”, “crinal” – humoral.
Now let’s translate the term “humoral”
“Humor” – liquid, moisture.
Total we get – a system that regulates the body through the liquid. The main fluid of the human body – blood .
Substances with the help of which such regulation is carried out – hormones.
In general, this is the most ancient system that even the simplest organisms have.
They may not even have a circulatory system, but they do have hormones!
Ecdysones of roundworms | Phytohormones | Human hormones |
Humoral regulation is one of the mechanisms of regulation of vital processes in the body, carried out through body fluids (blood, lymph, tissue fluid, saliva) with the help of hormones secreted by cells, organs, tissues.
Hormones are biologically active substances of a protein nature, produced in specialized cells of the endocrine glands, entering the internal fluid medium of the body and exerting a regulatory effect on metabolism and physiological functions.
Let’s look at the body from top to bottom.
Glands | Functions | Hormones |
Pituitary | One of the most important glands of the endocrine system. Affects metabolism, growth and reproductive system | Thyroid-stimulating hormones Gonadotropic hormones Somatropin etc. |
Epiphysis | The function of this gland is not yet fully understood, but the main functions have already been determined: – also affects growth and the reproductive system; – affects immunity; – synchronizes circadian rhythms; – inhibits the formation and development of tumors. | Melatonin etc. |
Thyroid | Regulates iodine content; Regulates metabolism and cellular energy levels; Indirectly affects bone tissue. | The main hormone is thyroxine |
Parathyroid glands | Regulates calcium levels | Parathormone |
Thymus gland (thymus) | Glands of the child’s immune system. Functioning until puberty | Main hormones: thymosin, thymalin |
Adrenals | Influence the body’s metabolism and homeostasis under stressful conditions. | Epinephrine and norepinephrine |
Pancreas | Glands of mixed secretion. It is the endocrine function – the effect on metabolism, more precisely, on the absorption of sugar. | Glucagon and insulin |
Gonads | They are also glands of mixed secretion. Endocrine function – regulation of the reproductive system. | Male hormones – androgens; Female – estrogens. |
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