What are the uses of esterified estrogens and methyltestosterone. How should this medication be taken. What are the potential risks and side effects of hormone replacement therapy. When should you consult your doctor about this treatment.

Understanding Esterified Estrogens and Methyltestosterone Combination

Esterified estrogens and methyltestosterone is a combination hormone therapy used primarily for short-term treatment of menopausal symptoms. This medication consists of two key components: a female hormone (estrogen) and a male hormone (methyltestosterone). It’s designed to address the hormonal imbalances that occur during menopause when the body’s natural estrogen production decreases.

Primary Uses of the Medication

The main purpose of this medication is to alleviate common menopausal symptoms, including:

• Hot flashes (sudden feelings of heat in the upper body and face)
• Night sweats
• Vaginal dryness
• Itching and burning sensations in the vaginal area

These symptoms can significantly impact a woman’s quality of life during menopause, and hormone replacement therapy (HRT) like esterified estrogens and methyltestosterone can provide relief.

Proper Administration and Dosage Guidelines

Taking esterified estrogens and methyltestosterone correctly is crucial for its effectiveness and safety. Here are the key points to remember:

1. Always read the Patient Information Leaflet provided by your pharmacist before starting the medication and with each refill.
2. Take the medication orally as prescribed by your doctor.
3. It’s typically taken on a cyclical basis: once daily for 21 days, followed by a 7-day break.
4. You can take it with or without food, but taking it after a meal may help prevent stomach upset.
5. Consistency is key – take the medication at the same time each day.

The dosage is determined based on your individual medical condition and response to the therapy. It’s essential to follow your doctor’s instructions precisely and not adjust the dosage without consultation.

Potential Risks and Side Effects of Hormone Replacement Therapy

While esterified estrogens and methyltestosterone can be effective in managing menopausal symptoms, it’s important to be aware of the potential risks associated with hormone replacement therapy:

• Increased risk of uterine cancer (endometrial cancer)
• Higher chances of breast and ovarian cancers
• Elevated risk of stroke
• Increased likelihood of developing dementia
• Higher risk of serious blood clots
• Potential increase in heart disease risk, especially when used with progestin

These risks can vary depending on the duration of use and the dosage. It’s crucial to discuss these potential side effects with your healthcare provider before starting the treatment.

Minimizing Risks: Best Practices for HRT Use

To maximize the benefits of esterified estrogens and methyltestosterone while minimizing potential risks, consider the following guidelines:

1. Use the medication for the shortest possible duration
2. Opt for the lowest effective dose
3. Regularly consult with your doctor (every 3-6 months) to reassess the need for continued treatment
4. Undergo complete physical exams at regular intervals, typically annually or as directed by your doctor
5. Report any unusual symptoms or side effects to your healthcare provider immediately

Is hormone replacement therapy suitable for preventing heart disease or dementia? No, products containing estrogen should not be used for these purposes. The risks outweigh any potential benefits in these areas.

Recognizing Warning Signs and When to Seek Medical Attention

While taking esterified estrogens and methyltestosterone, it’s crucial to be vigilant about certain symptoms that may indicate a serious problem. These include:

• Unusual vaginal bleeding
• Sudden severe headaches
• Chest pain or shortness of breath
• Unexplained swelling in the legs or arms
• Changes in vision or speech
• Severe abdominal pain

If you experience any of these symptoms, contact your healthcare provider immediately. These could be signs of serious complications such as blood clots, stroke, or cancer.

Alternatives to Oral Hormone Replacement Therapy

For some women, oral hormone replacement therapy may not be the best option. In such cases, alternative treatments can be considered:

• Topical estrogen creams or gels
• Vaginal estrogen rings
• Estrogen patches
• Non-hormonal treatments for specific symptoms
• Lifestyle modifications (e.g., diet changes, exercise)

Are there specific situations where localized treatments are preferable? Yes, if you’re primarily experiencing vaginal symptoms of menopause, your doctor may recommend products applied directly inside the vagina before considering oral medications.

Interactions with Other Medications and Substances

Esterified estrogens and methyltestosterone can interact with various other medications and substances, potentially altering their effectiveness or increasing the risk of side effects. Some key interactions to be aware of include:

• Blood thinners (e.g., warfarin)
• Certain antibiotics
• Antifungal medications
• Seizure medications
• Herbal supplements like St. John’s Wort

Always inform your healthcare provider about all medications, supplements, and herbal products you’re taking before starting esterified estrogens and methyltestosterone.

Lifestyle Considerations

While taking this medication, certain lifestyle factors should be considered:

1. Limit alcohol consumption, as it may increase the risk of breast cancer
2. Quit smoking, as it can increase the risk of blood clots
3. Maintain a healthy diet and regular exercise routine
4. Attend all scheduled follow-up appointments with your healthcare provider

Can lifestyle changes alone manage menopausal symptoms? In some cases, yes. However, for many women, a combination of lifestyle modifications and medical treatment provides the most effective relief.

Long-term Considerations and Follow-up Care

Using esterified estrogens and methyltestosterone for an extended period requires ongoing monitoring and care:

• Regular breast exams and mammograms
• Pelvic exams and Pap smears
• Bone density scans to monitor for osteoporosis
• Periodic blood tests to check hormone levels and overall health
• Ongoing discussions with your healthcare provider about the benefits and risks of continued use

How often should you have follow-up appointments? Typically, it’s recommended to see your doctor every 3-6 months while on hormone replacement therapy, but this can vary based on individual circumstances.

Adjusting Treatment Over Time

As your body changes and adapts to the medication, your treatment plan may need adjustments. Your healthcare provider might:

1. Modify the dosage
2. Change the type of hormone therapy
3. Suggest transitioning off hormone therapy
4. Recommend complementary treatments or lifestyle changes

Regular communication with your doctor is essential to ensure your treatment remains appropriate and effective over time.

Understanding the Risks vs. Benefits

The decision to use esterified estrogens and methyltestosterone should be made after carefully weighing the potential benefits against the risks. Factors to consider include:

• Severity of menopausal symptoms
• Overall health status
• Family medical history
• Personal risk factors for conditions like breast cancer or heart disease
• Quality of life considerations

Is hormone replacement therapy right for everyone? No, it’s not suitable for all women. Your doctor will help determine if it’s appropriate based on your individual health profile and symptoms.

Personalized Approach to Treatment

Each woman’s experience with menopause is unique, and treatment should be tailored accordingly. Your healthcare provider may consider:

1. Different hormone combinations
2. Varying dosages
3. Alternative delivery methods (e.g., patches, gels)
4. Complementary therapies

The goal is to find the most effective treatment with the lowest risk profile for your individual needs.

Emerging Research and Future Directions

The field of hormone replacement therapy is continuously evolving, with ongoing research aimed at improving treatment options and understanding long-term effects. Some areas of current interest include:

• Development of more targeted hormone therapies
• Investigation of bioidentical hormones
• Studies on the long-term impact of different HRT regimens
• Research into non-hormonal alternatives for managing menopausal symptoms

How might future research change current treatment approaches? As we gain more knowledge about the complexities of hormonal changes during menopause, treatment strategies may become more personalized and potentially safer.

Staying Informed

To make the best decisions about your health, it’s important to stay informed about the latest developments in menopausal treatment. Consider these strategies:

1. Regularly discuss new research with your healthcare provider
2. Attend educational seminars or support groups for menopausal women
3. Read reputable health publications and websites
4. Participate in clinical trials if appropriate and available

By staying informed and maintaining open communication with your healthcare team, you can ensure that your treatment plan remains optimal for your changing needs throughout the menopausal transition and beyond.

Esterified Estrogens-Methyltestosterone Oral: Uses, Side Effects, Interactions, Pictures, Warnings & Dosing

Warnings:

Estrogens given alone and with another hormone (progestin) for replacement therapy after menopause have sometimes caused rare but very serious side effects. Discuss the risks and benefits of hormone treatment and your personal health history with your doctor.

Estrogens have been reported to increase the chance of cancer of the uterus (endometrial cancer). Taking a progestin with estrogen decreases this risk. Tell your doctor right away if you have any unusual vaginal bleeding.

In postmenopausal women, estrogens, taken with or without a progestin, increase the risk of cancer of the breast/ovaries, stroke, dementia, and serious blood clots. When used along with a progestin, estrogens also increase the risk of heart disease (such as heart attacks). Some of these risks appear to depend on the length of time this drug is used and the amount of estrogen per dose. This medication should be used for the shortest possible length of time at the lowest effective dose, so you can obtain the benefits and reduce the chance of serious side effects from long-term treatment. Discuss the details with your doctor and check with him/her regularly (such as every 3 to 6 months) to see if you still need to take this medication.

Products that contain estrogen should not be used to prevent heart disease or dementia.

If you use this drug for an extended period, you should have a complete physical exam at regular intervals (such as once a year) or as directed by your doctor. See Notes section.

Warnings:

Estrogens given alone and with another hormone (progestin) for replacement therapy after menopause have sometimes caused rare but very serious side effects. Discuss the risks and benefits of hormone treatment and your personal health history with your doctor.

Estrogens have been reported to increase the chance of cancer of the uterus (endometrial cancer). Taking a progestin with estrogen decreases this risk. Tell your doctor right away if you have any unusual vaginal bleeding.

In postmenopausal women, estrogens, taken with or without a progestin, increase the risk of cancer of the breast/ovaries, stroke, dementia, and serious blood clots. When used along with a progestin, estrogens also increase the risk of heart disease (such as heart attacks). Some of these risks appear to depend on the length of time this drug is used and the amount of estrogen per dose. This medication should be used for the shortest possible length of time at the lowest effective dose, so you can obtain the benefits and reduce the chance of serious side effects from long-term treatment. Discuss the details with your doctor and check with him/her regularly (such as every 3 to 6 months) to see if you still need to take this medication.

Products that contain estrogen should not be used to prevent heart disease or dementia.

If you use this drug for an extended period, you should have a complete physical exam at regular intervals (such as once a year) or as directed by your doctor. See Notes section.

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Uses

This medication is used for the short-term treatment of menopause symptoms. It helps reduce episodes of flushing and sweating of the upper body and face, commonly called hot flashes. It also helps treat dryness, itching, and burning around the vagina. These symptoms occur when a woman’s body no longer produces the usual amount of female hormone (estrogen) at the age when monthly menstrual periods normally stop. This medication is a combination of 2 hormones, a female hormone (estrogen) and a male hormone (methyltestosterone).If you need treatment only for vaginal menopause symptoms, products applied directly inside the vagina should be considered before medications that are taken by mouth, absorbed through the skin, or injected.

How to use ESTROGEN-METHYLTESTOSTERONE

Read the Patient Information Leaflet provided by your pharmacist before you start using this medication and each time you get a refill. If you have any questions, consult your doctor or pharmacist.

Take this medication by mouth as directed by your doctor. This medication is usually taken on a cycle, once a day for 21 days followed by no medication for 7 days. Follow your dosing schedule carefully. This drug should be used for the shortest possible length of time. See also Warning section.

This medication may be taken with or without food. You may take it with food or immediately after a meal to prevent stomach upset.

Take this medication regularly in order to get the most benefit from it. Remember to take it at the same time each day as directed. Dosage is based on your medical condition and response to therapy.

Inform your doctor if your condition does not improve or worsens.

Side Effects

Dizziness, lightheadedness, headache, stomach upset, bloating, nausea, weight changes, increased/decreased interest in sex, or breast tenderness may occur. If any of these effects last or get worse, tell your doctor or pharmacist promptly.

Remember that this medication has been prescribed because your doctor has judged that the benefit to you is greater than the risk of side effects. Many people using this medication do not have serious side effects.

Tell your doctor right away if you have any serious side effects, including: nausea/vomiting that doesn’t stop, mental/mood changes (such as severe depression, memory loss), breast lumps, swelling of hands/feet, unusual vaginal bleeding (such as spotting, breakthrough bleeding, prolonged/recurrent bleeding), unusual vaginal discharge/itching/odor, changes in skin color, yellowing eyes/skin, unusual tiredness, stomach/abdominal pain, dark urine, worsening of seizures.

Women may experience signs of masculinization (male characteristics) from methyltestosterone. To prevent these changes from becoming permanent, stop taking this medication and tell your doctor right away if any of the following occur: hoarseness, deepening of the voice, facial hair growth, new or worsening acne, an enlarged clitoris, menstrual period changes.

This medication may rarely cause serious problems such as heart attacks, stroke, and blood clots. Get medical help right away if you experience any of the following: chest pain, jaw/left arm pain, sudden severe headache, weakness on one side of the body, confusion, trouble speaking, sudden vision changes (such as double vision, loss of vision), pain/redness/swelling of legs, trouble breathing, coughing up blood, sudden dizziness/fainting.

A very serious allergic reaction to this drug is rare. However, get medical help right away if you notice any symptoms of a serious allergic reaction, including: rash, itching/swelling (especially of the face/tongue/throat), severe dizziness, trouble breathing.

This is not a complete list of possible side effects. If you notice other effects not listed above, contact your doctor or pharmacist.

In the US – Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or at www.fda.gov/medwatch.

In Canada – Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to Health Canada at 1-866-234-2345.

Precautions

Before taking this medication, tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are allergic to methyltestosterone or estrogen; or if you have any other allergies. This product may contain inactive ingredients, which can cause allergic reactions or other problems. Talk to your pharmacist for more details.

Before using this medication, tell your doctor or pharmacist your medical history, especially of: vaginal bleeding of unknown cause, certain cancers (such as breast cancer, cancer of the uterus or ovaries), blood clotting disorders (such as protein C or protein S deficiency), current/history of blood clots (such as in the legs, eyes, lungs), liver problems, family medical history (especially breast lumps, cancer, blood clots), family or personal history of a certain swelling disorder (angioedema), asthma, diabetes, seizures, migraine headaches, heart disease (such as high blood pressure, congestive heart failure, heart attack), stroke, kidney disease, underactive thyroid (hypothyroidism), a certain hormone problem (hypoparathyroidism), mineral imbalance (low or high calcium blood level), mental/mood disorders (such as dementia, depression), high blood pressure during pregnancy (toxemia), yellowing eyes/skin (cholestatic jaundice) during pregnancy or with past estrogen use, uterus problems (such as uterine fibroids, endometriosis), high blood cholesterol/fat (triglyceride) levels, gallbladder disease, obesity, certain blood disorder (porphyria), lupus.

If you have diabetes, this medication may make it harder to control your blood sugar levels. Monitor your blood sugar regularly as directed by your doctor. Tell your doctor the results and of any symptoms such as increased thirst/urination, weakness, or fainting. Your anti-diabetic medication or diet may need to be adjusted.

This drug may make you dizzy. Alcohol or marijuana (cannabis) can make you more dizzy. Do not drive, use machinery, or do anything that needs alertness until you can do it safely. Limit alcoholic beverages. Talk to your doctor if you are using marijuana (cannabis).

If you are nearsighted or wear contact lenses, you may develop vision problems or trouble wearing your contact lenses. Contact your eye doctor if these problems occur.

This medication may cause blotchy, dark areas on your face and skin (melasma). Sunlight may worsen this effect. Limit your time in the sun. Avoid tanning booths and sunlamps. Use sunscreen and wear protective clothing when outdoors.

Do not smoke cigarettes or use tobacco. Estrogens combined with smoking further increase your risk for stroke, blood clots, high blood pressure, and heart attacks, especially in women older than 35.

If you will be having surgery or will be confined to a chair or bed for a long time (such as on a long plane flight), notify your doctor beforehand. Special precautions may need to be taken in these circumstances (such as stopping this medication) because of the increased risk for blood clots. Consult your doctor for details.

This medication is not meant for use in children.

This medication must not be used during pregnancy. It may harm the unborn baby. If you become pregnant or think you may be pregnant, tell your doctor right away.

This medication is not effective for preventing a miscarriage and should not be used for this purpose.

It is unknown if methyltestosterone passes into breast milk. Estrogen passes into breast milk. This medication may harm a nursing infant. Breast-feeding while using this drug is not recommended. Consult your doctor before breast-feeding.

Interactions

Drug interactions may change how your medications work or increase your risk for serious side effects. This document does not contain all possible drug interactions. Keep a list of all the products you use (including prescription/nonprescription drugs and herbal products) and share it with your doctor and pharmacist. Do not start, stop, or change the dosage of any medicines without your doctor’s approval.

Some products that may interact with this drug include: anastrozole, “blood thinner” (warfarin), corticosteroids (such as prednisone), exemestane, fezolinetant, ospemifene, raloxifene, tamoxifen, tranexamic acid.

Other medications can affect the removal of estrogens from your body, which may affect how this medication works. Examples include azole antifungals (such as itraconazole), macrolide antibiotics (such as erythromycin), rifamycins (such as rifabutin), St. John’s wort, drugs used to treat seizures (such as carbamazepine, phenytoin), among others.

This product can affect the results of certain lab tests. Make sure laboratory personnel and all your doctors know you use this drug.

Does ESTROGEN-METHYLTESTOSTERONE interact with other drugs you are taking?

Enter your medication into the WebMD interaction checker

Overdose

If someone has overdosed and has serious symptoms such as passing out or trouble breathing, call 911. Otherwise, call a poison control center right away. US residents can call their local poison control center at 1-800-222-1222. Canada residents can call a provincial poison control center. Symptoms of overdose may include: severe nausea/vomiting, unusual vaginal bleeding.

Do not share this medication with others. Regular complete physical exams which include lab and/or medical tests (such as blood pressure, breast exam/mammogram, pelvic exam, Pap smear) should be done while you are taking this medication. Follow your doctor’s instructions for examining your breasts, and report any lumps right away. Keep all medical and lab appointments. Consult your doctor for more details.

Lifestyle changes (such as reducing stress, eating a low fat/low salt diet, losing weight if you are overweight) to control or prevent high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and diabetes help to prevent heart disease and strokes. Keep your mind active with mental exercises to help prevent dementia. Discuss with your doctor lifestyle changes that might benefit you.

You can also manage hot flashes by keeping a cool body temperature (such as by using a fan, drinking cool beverages, dressing lightly/in layers, avoiding hot/spicy foods). Limiting caffeine and alcohol, exercising regularly, and learning relaxation techniques may help reduce hot flashes. Vaginal lubricants can help lessen discomfort during intercourse.

If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is near the time of the next dose, skip the missed dose. Take your next dose at the regular time. Do not double the dose to catch up.

Store at room temperature away from light and moisture. Do not store in the bathroom. Keep all medications away from children and pets.

Do not flush medications down the toilet or pour them into a drain unless instructed to do so. Properly discard this product when it is expired or no longer needed. Consult your pharmacist or local waste disposal company.

Images

esterified estrogens-methyltestosterone 0.625 mg-1.25 mg tablet

Color: light greenShape: oblongImprint: 1507

This medicine is a light green, oblong, sugar-coated, tablet imprinted with “1507”.

esterified estrogens-methyltestosterone 1.25 mg-2.5 mg tablet

Color: light greenShape: oblongImprint: SYNTHO 231

This medicine is a light green, oblong, sugar-coated, tablet imprinted with “1507”.

esterified estrogens-methyltestosterone 0.625 mg-1.25 mg tablet

Color: light blueShape: oblongImprint: SYNTHO 230

This medicine is a light green, oblong, sugar-coated, tablet imprinted with “1507”.

esterified estrogens-methyltestosterone 1.25 mg-2.5 mg tablet

Color: dark greenShape: oblongImprint: 1490

This medicine is a light green, oblong, sugar-coated, tablet imprinted with “1507”.

Selected from data included with permission and copyrighted by First Databank, Inc. This copyrighted material has been downloaded from a licensed data provider and is not for distribution, except as may be authorized by the applicable terms of use.

CONDITIONS OF USE: The information in this database is intended to supplement, not substitute for, the expertise and judgment of healthcare professionals. The information is not intended to cover all possible uses, directions, precautions, drug interactions or adverse effects, nor should it be construed to indicate that use of a particular drug is safe, appropriate or effective for you or anyone else. A healthcare professional should be consulted before taking any drug, changing any diet or commencing or discontinuing any course of treatment.

Estrogens (Esterified) and Methyltestosterone | Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center

Adult Medication

This information from Lexicomp^® explains what you need to know about this medication, including what it’s used for, how to take it, its side effects, and when to call your healthcare provider.

Brand Names: US

Covaryx; Covaryx HS; EEMT; EEMT HS; Est Estrogens-Methyltest DS; Est Estrogens-Methyltest HS

Warning

• Estrogens may raise the chance of uterine cancer. Progestins may lower this chance. A warning sign for cancer of the uterus is vaginal bleeding. Report any vaginal bleeding to the doctor.
• Do not use estrogens to prevent heart disease or dementia. Using estrogens may raise the chances of having a heart attack, a stroke, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, a blood clot, or dementia.
• Use estrogens with or without progestin for the shortest time needed at the lowest useful dose.
• This drug may cause harm to the unborn baby if you take it while you are pregnant. If you are pregnant or you get pregnant while taking this drug, call your doctor right away.

What is this drug used for?

• It is used to prevent or lower the signs of the change of life (menopause).
• It may be given to you for other reasons. Talk with the doctor.

What do I need to tell my doctor BEFORE I take this drug?

• If you are allergic to this drug; any part of this drug; or any other drugs, foods, or substances. Tell your doctor about the allergy and what signs you had.
• If you have had any of these health problems: Bleeding disorder, blood clots, a higher risk of having a blood clot, breast cancer, liver problems or liver tumor, heart attack, stroke, or a tumor where estrogen makes it grow.
• If you have unexplained vaginal bleeding.
• If you are pregnant or may be pregnant. Do not take this drug if you are pregnant.
• If you are breast-feeding. Do not breast-feed while you take this drug.

This is not a list of all drugs or health problems that interact with this drug.

Tell your doctor and pharmacist about all of your drugs (prescription or OTC, natural products, vitamins) and health problems. You must check to make sure that it is safe for you to take this drug with all of your drugs and health problems. Do not start, stop, or change the dose of any drug without checking with your doctor.

What are some things I need to know or do while I take this drug?

• Tell all of your health care providers that you take this drug. This includes your doctors, nurses, pharmacists, and dentists.
• If you have high blood sugar (diabetes), you will need to watch your blood sugar closely.
• High blood pressure has happened with drugs like this one. Have your blood pressure checked as you have been told by your doctor.
• Have blood work checked as you have been told by the doctor. Talk with the doctor.
• Be sure to have regular breast exams and gynecology check-ups. You will also need to do breast self-exams as you have been told.
• This drug may affect certain lab tests. Tell all of your health care providers and lab workers that you take this drug.
• Limit your drinking of alcohol.
• Avoid cigarette smoking. Smoking raises the chance of heart disease. Talk with your doctor.
• If you drink grapefruit juice or eat grapefruit often, talk with your doctor.
• This drug may raise the chance of blood clots, a stroke, or a heart attack. Talk with the doctor.
• Talk with your doctor if you will need to be still for long periods of time like long trips, bedrest after surgery, or illness. Not moving for long periods may raise your chance of blood clots.
• This drug may cause high cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Talk with the doctor.
• This drug may cause dark patches of skin on your face. Avoid sun, sunlamps, and tanning beds. Use sunscreen and wear clothing and eyewear that protects you from the sun.
• High calcium levels have happened with drugs like this one in some people with cancer. Call your doctor right away if you have signs of high calcium levels like weakness, confusion, feeling tired, headache, upset stomach or throwing up, constipation, or bone pain.
• If you are 65 or older, use this drug with care. You could have more side effects.

What are some side effects that I need to call my doctor about right away?

WARNING/CAUTION: Even though it may be rare, some people may have very bad and sometimes deadly side effects when taking a drug. Tell your doctor or get medical help right away if you have any of the following signs or symptoms that may be related to a very bad side effect:

• Signs of an allergic reaction, like rash; hives; itching; red, swollen, blistered, or peeling skin with or without fever; wheezing; tightness in the chest or throat; trouble breathing, swallowing, or talking; unusual hoarseness; or swelling of the mouth, face, lips, tongue, or throat.
• Signs of gallbladder problems like pain in the upper right belly area, right shoulder area, or between the shoulder blades; yellow skin or eyes; fever with chills; bloating; or very upset stomach or throwing up.
• Signs of high blood pressure like very bad headache or dizziness, passing out, or change in eyesight.
• Signs of liver problems like dark urine, tiredness, decreased appetite, upset stomach or stomach pain, light-colored stools, throwing up, or yellow skin or eyes.
• Weakness on 1 side of the body, trouble speaking or thinking, change in balance, drooping on one side of the face, or blurred eyesight.
• Dizziness or passing out.
• Eyesight changes or loss, bulging eyes, or change in how contact lenses feel.
• A lump in the breast, breast pain or soreness, or nipple discharge.
• Vaginal itching or discharge.
• Vaginal bleeding that is not normal.
• Depression or other mood changes.
• Memory problems or loss.
• For females, a deep voice, facial hair, pimples, or period changes.
• Enlarged clitoris.
• This drug may cause you to swell or keep fluid in your body. Tell your doctor if you have swelling, weight gain, or trouble breathing.
• Call your doctor right away if you have signs of a blood clot like chest pain or pressure; coughing up blood; shortness of breath; swelling, warmth, numbness, change of color, or pain in a leg or arm; or trouble speaking or swallowing.

What are some other side effects of this drug?

All drugs may cause side effects. However, many people have no side effects or only have minor side effects. Call your doctor or get medical help if any of these side effects or any other side effects bother you or do not go away:

• Headache.
• Upset stomach or throwing up.
• Stomach cramps.
• Bloating.
• Hair loss.
• Tender breasts.
• Enlarged breasts.
• Vaginal bleeding or spotting.
• Change in sex interest.
• Weight gain or loss.

These are not all of the side effects that may occur. If you have questions about side effects, call your doctor. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects.

You may report side effects to your national health agency.

You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-332-1088. You may also report side effects at https://www.fda.gov/medwatch.

How is this drug best taken?

Use this drug as ordered by your doctor. Read all information given to you. Follow all instructions closely.

• Take this drug at the same time of day.
• There may be days when you will not take this drug.
• Take with or without food. Take with food if it causes an upset stomach.

What do I do if I miss a dose?

• Take a missed dose as soon as you think about it.
• If it is close to the time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your normal time.
• Do not take 2 doses at the same time or extra doses.

How do I store and/or throw out this drug?

• Store at room temperature in a dry place. Do not store in a bathroom.
• Store this drug in a safe place where children cannot see or reach it, and where other people cannot get to it. A locked box or area may help keep this drug safe. Keep all drugs away from pets.
• Throw away unused or expired drugs. Do not flush down a toilet or pour down a drain unless you are told to do so. Check with your pharmacist if you have questions about the best way to throw out drugs. There may be drug take-back programs in your area.

General drug facts

• If your symptoms or health problems do not get better or if they become worse, call your doctor.
• Do not share your drugs with others and do not take anyone else’s drugs.
• Some drugs may have another patient information leaflet. If you have any questions about this drug, please talk with your doctor, nurse, pharmacist, or other health care provider.
• Some drugs may have another patient information leaflet. Check with your pharmacist. If you have any questions about this drug, please talk with your doctor, nurse, pharmacist, or other health care provider.
• If you think there has been an overdose, call your poison control center or get medical care right away. Be ready to tell or show what was taken, how much, and when it happened.

Consumer Information Use and Disclaimer

This generalized information is a limited summary of diagnosis, treatment, and/or medication information. It is not meant to be comprehensive and should be used as a tool to help the user understand and/or assess potential diagnostic and treatment options. It does NOT include all information about conditions, treatments, medications, side effects, or risks that may apply to a specific patient. It is not intended to be medical advice or a substitute for the medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment of a health care provider based on the health care provider’s examination and assessment of a patient’s specific and unique circumstances. Patients must speak with a health care provider for complete information about their health, medical questions, and treatment options, including any risks or benefits regarding use of medications. This information does not endorse any treatments or medications as safe, effective, or approved for treating a specific patient. UpToDate, Inc. and its affiliates disclaim any warranty or liability relating to this information or the use thereof. The use of this information is governed by the Terms of Use, available at https://www.wolterskluwer.com/en/know/clinical-effectiveness-terms.

Last Reviewed Date

2020-03-03

Copyright

© 2023 UpToDate, Inc. and its affiliates and/or licensors. All rights reserved.

Last Updated

Monday, December 12, 2022

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• Gynecology, reproduction
• Healthy child: for children from 0 to 14 years old
• Sexually transmitted infections (STIs)
• Weight problems
• VIP examinations
• Respiratory diseases
• Aller hyia
• Determination of micronutrient reserves in the body
• Beauty
• Vitamins
• Diets
• Lab tests before diet
• Sports profiles
• Hormonal tests for men
• Depression
• Laboratory tests for medical information

• • Biochemical tests
    • Glucose and carbohydrate metabolism metabolites
    • Proteins and amino acids
    • Bile pigments and acids
    • Lipids
    • Enzymes
    • Renal function markers
    • Inorganic substances/electrolytes:
    • Vitamins
    • Proteins involved in iron metabolism
    • Cardiospecific proteins
    • Markers of inflammation
    • Markers of bone metabolism and osteoporosis
    • Drug and psychoactive substance detection
    • Biogenic amines
    • Specific proteins

    9 0011

    • Hormonal studies
      • Laboratory evaluation of the pituitary-adrenal system
      • Laboratory evaluation somatotropic function of the pituitary gland
      • Laboratory assessment of thyroid function
      • Assessment of parathyroid function
      • Pituitary gonadotropic hormones and prolactin
      • Estrogens and progestins
      • Assessment of androgenic function
      • Non-steroidal regulatory factors of the gonads
      • Monito Pregnancy ring, biochemical markers of fetal condition
      • Laboratory evaluation of pancreatic endocrine function and diagnosis of diabetes
      • Biogenic amines
      • Laboratory evaluation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
      • Factors involved in the regulation of appetite and fat metabolism
      • Laboratory assessment of the endocrine function of the gastrointestinal tract
      • Laboratory assessment of the hormonal regulation of erythropoiesis
      • Laboratory assessment of the pineal gland function

    9 0009 Healthy lifestyle tests

    • Hematological tests
      • Clinical tests blood tests
      • Immunohematological studies
      • Coagulological studies (coagulogram)
    • Immunological studies
      • Comprehensive immunological studies
      • Lymphocytes, subpopulations
      • Phagocytosis assessment
      • Immunoglobulins
      • Complement components 9 0004
      • Regulators and mediators of immunity
      • Interferon status, assessment of sensitivity to immunotherapeutic drugs:
    • Allergological studies
      • IgE – allergen-specific (allergy tests), mixtures, panels, total IgE.
      • IgG, allergen-specific
      • ImmunoCAP technology
      • AlcorBio technology
      • ALEX technology
    • Autoimmune disease markers
      • Systemic connective tissue diseases
      • Rheumatoid arthritis, joint disorders
      • Antiphospholipid syndrome
      • Vasculitis and kidney disorders
      • Autoimmune lesions of the gastrointestinal tract. Celiac disease
      • Autoimmune liver disease
      • Neurological autoimmune diseases
      • Autoimmune endocrinopathies
      • Autoimmune skin diseases
      • Lung and heart diseases
      • Immune thrombocytopenia

    9 0009 Tumor markers

    • COVID-19
    • Trace elements
      • Aluminum
      • Barium
      • Beryllium
      • Boron
      • Vanadium
      • Bismuth
      • Tungsten
      • Gallium
      • Germanium
      • Iron
      • Gold
      • Iodine
      • Cadmium
      • Potassium
      • Calcium
      • Cobalt
      • Silicon
      • Lanthanum
      • Lithium
      • Magnesium
      • Manganese
      • Copper
      • Molybdenum
      • Arsenic
      • Sodium
      • Nickel
      • Tin
      • Platinum
      • Mercury
      • Rubidium
      • Lead
      • Selenium
      • Silver
      • Strontium

      900 09Antimony

      • Thallium
      • Phosphorus
      • Chromium
      • Zinc
      • Zirconium
    • Examination of the structure of the kidney stone
    • Urinalysis
      • Clinical analysis of urine
      • Biochemical analysis of urine
    • Examination of feces
      • Clinical analysis of feces
      • Biochemical analysis of feces
    • Sperm examination
      • Light-optical examination of spermatozoa
      • Electron microscopic examination of semen
      • Antisperm antibodies
    • Diagnosis of infectious diseases
      • Viral infections
      • Bacterial infections
      • Fungal infections
      • Parasitic infections
      • Streptococcal infections
    • Cytological studies
    • Histological studies
    • Oncogenetic studies
    • Cytogenetic studies
    • Non-invasive prenatal tests
    • Genetic predispositions
      • Lifestyle and genetic factors
      • Reproductive health
      • Immunogenetics
      • Rh factor
      • Blood coagulation system
      • Diseases of the heart and blood vessels
      • Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract
      • Diseases of the central nervous system
      • Oncological diseases
      • Metabolic disorders
      • Description of the results of genetic studies by a geneticist
      • Pharmacogenetics
      • Xenobiotics and carcinogens detoxification system
      • Fetal sex determination
      • Fetal Rh factor
    • Hereditary diseases
    • Hereditary metabolic diseases
      • Hereditary metabolic diseases
      • Additional studies (after screening and consultation with a specialist )
    • Determination of biological relationship: paternity and motherhood
      • Determination of biological relationship in the family: paternity and motherhood
    • Study of water and soil quality
      • Study of water quality
      • Study of soil quality
    • Diagnosis of liver pathology without biopsy: FibroMax, FibroT eats, SteatoScreen
      • Calculated tests performed according to the results of SteatoScreen without blood sampling
    • Dysbiotic conditions of the intestine and urogenital tract
      • General assessment of the natural microflora of the body
      • Study of the microbiocenosis of the urogenital tract
      • Femoflor: profiles of studies of dysbiotic conditions of the urogenital tract in women
      • Specific assessment of the natural microflora of the body
    • Form of study results in English tongue
  • • blood
    • Urine
    • Feces
    • Spermogram
    • Gastropanel
  • • Endoscopy
    • Functional diagnostics
    • Ultrasound
  • • Examinations we do not do
    • New tests
    • Getting results
    • Additional examinations
    • Consultant physician service
    • Professional item
      • Venous blood for analysis
      • Tumor markers. View of a practical oncologist. Laboratory justifications.
      • Testosterone: diagnostic threshold, method-dependent reference values ​​
      • Laboratory assessment of lipid parameters in INVITRO
      • Lipid profile: fasting or not fasting

  The cost of analyzes is indicated without taking biomaterial

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  When choosing where to perform estrogens and progestins in Moscow and other cities of Russia, do not forget that the cost, methods and terms of performing studies in regional medical offices may differ

  Estrogens and progesterone metabolites, 24-h urine

  Interpretation of results

  Interpretation of test results contains information for the attending physician and is not a diagnosis. The information in this section should not be used for self-diagnosis or self-treatment. An accurate diagnosis is made by the doctor, using both the results of this examination and the necessary information from other sources: history, results of other examinations, etc.
  2-Hydroxyestrone (2-OHE1) – mcg /24 hours

  16α-hydroxyestrone (16α-OH E1) – mcg / 24 hours

  4-hydroxyestrone (4-OH E1) – mcg / 24 hours

  2-methoxyestrone (2-MeE1) – mcg / 24 hours

  Pregnandiol – mcg/24 hours

  Reference values ​​

  90 553 Estrone (E1)

  Index	Units	Reference values ​​
  mcg/24 h	Follicular phase 2.0 – 39.0 Ovulatory phase 11 – 46 Luteal phase 4.7 – 27.6 Menopause 0.9 – 6.5
  Estradiol (E2)	mcg/24 h	Follicular phase 1. 0 – 23.0 Ovulatory phase 4.0 – 45.0 Luteal phase 2.0 – 7.8 Menopause 0 – 3.5
  Estriol (E3)	mcg/24 h	Follicular phase 3.0 – 48.0 Ovulatory phase 20 – 130 Luteal phase 7.0 – 29.7 Menopause 0 – 7
  2-OH Estrone (2OHE1)	mcg/24 h	Luteal phase 3.2-30.1 Postmenopausal 0.2-5.2
  16α-OH Estrone (16α-OH E1)	mcg/24 h	Luteal phase 1.8-7.8 Postmenopausal 0.2-3.0
  4-OH Estrone (4-OH E1)	mcg/24 h	Luteal phase 0.35-2.63 Postmenopausal 0.05 – 1.0
  2-methoxyestrone (2-MeE1)	mcg/24 h	Luteal phase 1.0-9.0 Postmenopausal 0. 3-3.6
  Pregnandiol	mcg/24 h	Follicular phase ≤2500 Luteal phase 1450.0 – 6140.0 Menopause 200.0 – 1000.0

  Reference values ​​for pregnant women and men have not been validated.

  Interpretation

  The interpretation of the results is carried out by the doctor, taking into account the anamnesis and the general clinical situation.

  A lower total amount of basic estrogens with a higher proportion of 2-hydroxylated derivatives (2-OH E1) is associated with a reduced risk of breast cancer in postmenopausal women.

  An increase in the proportion of 16α-OH estrone, as well as a high level of 4-OH estrone, are associated with an increased risk of carcinogenesis.

  A higher content of estriol among other estrogens, a high proportion of methoxy derivatives (2-OMeE1) are considered as favorable factors regarding the risk of developing breast cancer.