Seborrhea: What It Is and How to Treat It

Please note: This information was current at the time of publication. But medical information is always changing, and some information given here may be out of date. For regularly updated information on a variety of health topics, please visit familydoctor.org, the AAFP patient education website.

Information from Your Family Doctor

What is seborrhea?

Seborrhea (say: seb-uh-ree-uh) is a common skin problem. It causes a red, itchy rash and white scales. When it affects the scalp, it is called “dandruff.” It can be on parts of the face as well, including the folds around the nose and behind the ears, the forehead, and the eyebrows and eyelids. On the body, seborrhea often occurs in the middle part of the chest, around the navel and in the skin folds under the arm, below the breasts and in the groin and buttocks area.

Who gets seborrhea?

Infants may get seborrhea. It’s known as “cradle cap.” Cradle cap goes away after about 6 months. It may also affect the diaper area and look like a diaper rash.

Seborrhea also affects adults and elderly persons, and is more common in men than in women. Seborrhea occurs more frequently in persons with oily skin. It is also common in patients with Parkinson’s disease or AIDS.

What causes seborrheic dermatitis?

The cause of seborrheic dermatitis is not fully understood. It is likely that a number of factors, such as hormones and stress, can cause it. A yeast-like organism plays an important role.

How is seborrheic dermatitis treated?

Treatment will help keep seborrhea under control. It’s important to keep your body clean.

Dandruff Shampoo

If you have dandruff, use medicated shampoos (see box below).

When using dandruff shampoo, first wet your hair. Rub some shampoo into your scalp and hair. Leave the shampoo on your scalp and hair for at least 5 minutes. Then rinse it out. Use the dandruff shampoo every day until your dandruff goes away. Then use the medicated shampoo 2 or 3 times a week to keep dandruff away. Having dandruff does not mean that your scalp is too dry! Dandruff comes because you need to wash your hair more often.

For black persons, daily shampooing may not be needed. Ask your doctor about a special steroid preparation in oil that can be used on the scalp like a pomade. Or you can use a steroid-containing shampoo.

Medicated Shampoos

DHS Tar

Neutrogena T/Gel

Polytar

Tegrin Medicated

Denorex

Danex

Zincon

DHS Zinc

Sebulon

Head & Shoulders

Selsun Blue

Selsun

Exsel

X-Seb T

Sebulex

Nizoral

Cradle Cap

Cradle cap in infants also gets better with daily shampooing. First try a mild, nonmedicated baby shampoo. If that doesn’t work, try an a dandruff shampoo. If the patch of cradle cap is large and thick, first try softening it by rubbing on warm mineral oil. Next, gently brush with a baby hairbrush. Then use shampoo.

Seborrhea on the Face and Body

Seborrhea on the face and body gets better if it is washed every day with soap and water. Rest and exercise, especially outdoors, also help. Sunlight seems to stop growth of the yeast organism that causes affected areas to become inflamed. Don’t forget to use a sunscreen! If you have seborrhea around your beard and mustache, the problem will often go away if you shave the hair.

Other Treatments

Medicated shampoos (applied as a lotion to the face and body), sulfur products, topical corticosteroid preparations, as well as topical antifungals, are also used to control this problem. See your doctor for advice, as some of these preparations have side effects and require a prescription.

Is there a cure for seborrhea?

If you have seborrhea because of an underlying medical problem, the seborrhea may go away when the medical problem is treated. For most people, however, seborrhea is a lifetime problem that can be controlled with good hygiene and by using the right preparation.

What Is It, Diagnosis & Treatment

Overview

Seborrheic dermatitis on the scalp.

What is seborrheic dermatitis?

Seborrheic dermatitis is a common, noncontagious, easy-to-manage skin condition. This type of dermatitis causes itchy red patches and greasy scales on your skin along with white or yellow crusty or powdery flakes on your scalp.

“Seborrheic” refers to the “sebaceous” glands while “derm” means “skin.” It’s called “dandruff” (pityriasis capitis) when it’s on a teenager’s or adult’s scalp, and “cradle cap” when it’s on a baby’s.

Seborrheic dermatitis can occur in other areas of your body. These are areas with the most sebaceous (oil) gland activity: your upper back and chest, face/forehead, the creases at the base of your nose, behind your ears, navel (belly button), eyebrows, under your breasts and in the creases/bends of your arms, legs and groin.

Seborrheic dermatitis is a lifelong condition that appears, disappears with treatment, and flares up from time to time.

Who gets seborrheic dermatitis?

About 11% of the population has seborrheic dermatitis. It occurs most often in infants younger than three months old and in adults ages 30 to 60. It is more common in men than in women, and in Caucasians more than African Americans.

If you are born with naturally oily skin, you are more likely to get this type of dermatitis. A history of psoriasis in your family makes you vulnerable as well. If you live in a dry, cold region, the weather doesn’t cause the seborrheic dermatitis, but it does make it worse.

If you have these health issues, you’re more prone to seborrheic dermatitis:

Immunosuppressions:

Psychiatric disorders:

Neurological diseases:

Congenital disorders:

You’re also more prone to seborrheic dermatitis if you take these psychotropic medications:

• Lithium.
• Buspirone.
• Haloperidol decanoate.
• Chlorpromazine.

Symptoms and Causes

What are the symptoms of seborrheic dermatitis?

• Itchy white flakes of skin on your scalp (dandruff). When scratched, the flakes come loose, mix in with your hair, or fall onto your neck and shoulders.
• Red scales on your skin.
• Crusty yellow scales on infants’ heads (cradle cap). Cradle cap shouldn’t itch, but scratching may cause additional inflammation in the area and break the skin, leading to bleeding or mild infections.
• Blepharitis (scaly redness on the edges of your eyelids).
• Pinkish plaques (thick skin) of scales on both sides of your face.
• Flaky patches on your chest and at your hairline that are shaped like a flower petal or a ring.
• Redness in the folds and creases of your genitals, armpits and beneath your breasts.
• Inflamed hair follicles on your cheeks and the upper half of your trunk.

What are the causes of seborrheic dermatitis? What aggravates it?

Researchers aren’t sure of the exact cause of seborrheic dermatitis. They think there may be many causes. Factors that are thought to play a role include:

• A type of yeast called Malassezia, which is present on everyone’s skin, but overgrow in some people.
• An increased level of androgens (a hormone).
• An increased level of skin lipids.
• An inflammatory reaction.
• Family history (dermatitis runs in the family).

Other factors that trigger or worsen seborrheic dermatitis include:

• Stress.
• Cold and dry climate.
• Oily skin.
• Using alcohol-based lotions.
• History of other skin disorders, including rosacea, psoriasis and acne.

Does the weather make seborrheic dermatitis worse?

Dry air during the winter months will make your seborrheic dermatitis worse.

The dermatitis behaves best during the summertime. The sun’s UV-A and UV-B light have been shown to kill the type of yeast that overgrows on the skin of people who get seborrheic dermatitis. Just watch out for sunburns!

Do certain foods trigger or reduce seborrheic dermatitis?

Although there are theories out there, true experts have yet to find that food causes or reduces seborrheic dermatitis. Diet does not affect dandruff.

What’s the difference between seborrheic dermatitis and psoriasis?

Psoriasis and seborrheic dermatitis can mimic each other. Both are patches of red skin with flakes. Both can be found on your scalp and back.

Psoriasis is an inflammatory skin disease that affects 2% to 4% of the population. The scales of psoriasis are often thicker than that of seborrheic dermatitis. The edges of those scales are very well-defined. On the scalp, psoriasis scales are closer to a silver color than white or yellow.

There is a condition called sebopsoriasis where seborrheic dermatitis and psoriasis overlap. In that case you have the symptoms of both: both white flakes and silver flakes, both on the scalp or back, both itchy.

If you’re concerned about whether you have psoriasis or seborrheic dermatitis, consult your healthcare provider. Treatment for one may not work as treatment for the other.

Does seborrheic dermatitis cause hair loss?

No, seborrheic dermatitis does not cause hair loss.

Is seborrheic dermatitis related to acne?

Seborrheic dermatitis and acne can appear at the same time, in the same places on your body. Both are affected by oils in your skin. People who have acne are more likely to have dandruff.

Diagnosis and Tests

How is seborrheic dermatitis diagnosed?

Seborrheic dermatitis is an easy condition to diagnosis because of its appearance on the affected skin and where it appears on your body. No blood, urine or allergy tests are needed. Your dermatologist may perform a skin biopsy to rule out other diseases if your condition does not respond to treatment.

Management and Treatment

How is seborrheic dermatitis treated?

In teenagers and adults, seborrheic dermatitis usually doesn’t disappear on its own without treatment. Type of treatment depends on the area of the body that is affected and how severe your condition is.

The goal of treatment is to reduce the visible signs of seborrheic dermatitis and itching and redness. Treatment includes use of over-the-counter products and prescription products. Prescription products include topical antifungals, calcineurin inhibitors and corticosteroids. Ongoing maintenance treatment is often needed. You may need to use a combination of these treatments:

Scalp Treatment

Cradle cap (infants)

• Cradle cap usually clears up without treatment when the child is between eight and 12 months old. It may be treated daily with a mild baby shampoo.
• Massage or brush the scalp with a soft brush several times a day and after each shampoo. Be careful not to cause a break in the skin, which can lead to infection.
• If the problem continues, or the baby seems uncomfortable and scratches the scalp, contact your pediatrician or dermatologist. He or she may prescribe a prescription shampoo or lotion.
• Other areas of affected skin may be treated with a gentle steroid lotion.

Adolescents and adults:

For mild cases, look for over-the-counter dandruff shampoos that contain selenium, zinc pyrithione or coal tar. Shampoo with it twice a week or as directed on the label of the product. For long-term control, your healthcare provider may prescribe antifungal shampoos that contain ciclopirax (Loprox®) or ketoconazole (Nizoral®). These shampoos are used from daily to two or three times a week for several weeks until the dandruff has cleared, then once every week to two weeks to prevent flare-ups. Your healthcare provider will give you specific directions for use.

For moderate to severe cases, your healthcare provider may prescribe a shampoo containing betamethasone valerate (Luxiq®), clobetasol (Clobex®), fluocinolone (Capex®) or fluocinolone solution (Synalar®). Shampoo your hair as directed. Some products are used daily, others are used twice daily for two weeks then two times a week.

Ask your healthcare provider about what side effects to watch for while using these shampoos.

Face and Body

Treatments for seborrheic dermatitis of the face and body include topical antifungals, corticosteroids and calcineurin inhibitors.

Topical antifungals include ciclopirox, ketoconazole or sertaconazole. These products, available in creams, foams or gels, are usually applied to the affected areas twice daily for up to eight weeks and then as needed.

Topical corticosteroids include betamethasone valerate, desonide, fluocinolone or hydrocortisone. These products come in creams, lotions, foams, gels, ointments, oil or solution. They are taken once or twice a day. Your healthcare provider might prescribe these products if antifungal products aren’t successful in clearing your seborrheic dermatitis or for treating flare-ups. Corticosteroids can cause a thinning of your skin and should not be used continuously for weeks and months at a time without a break. Topical calcineurin inhibitors are an alternative to corticosteroids. These products include pimecrolimus cream (Elidel®) or tacrolimus ointment (Protopic®). They are applied to the affected area twice daily. If your case is severe, your healthcare provider may prescribe an oral (pill) antifungal agent or phototherapy (a specific wavelength of ultraviolet light to decrease inflammation in the skin).

Ask your healthcare provider about the side effects of these medications and what to watch for. Follow your provider’s instructions about how to take these medications. You and your healthcare provider will work closely together to select products and develop a treatment plan that will be most helpful to treat your unique case of seborrheic dermatitis.

Prevention

How can I reduce my risk of seborrheic dermatitis?

There’s little that can be done to prevent seborrheic dermatitis. Cradle cap is a natural, harmless condition. It can be simply treated at home. If you are a teenager or an adult with seborrheic dermatitis, you might be more prone if you have higher than normal levels of androgens, a higher level of lipids in your skin or have an overgrowth of the yeast that is always present on your skin’s surface.

Some simple healthy things you can do to reduce your risk include getting plenty of rest, controlling your emotional stress and getting a daily small doses (minutes) of sunshine (UV light). Stay away from the midday sun.

Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions for using medicated shampoos and skin products. Under treatment or inappropriate treatment can result in flare-ups of your condition and return visits to your healthcare provider.

Outlook / Prognosis

What can I expect if I have seborrheic dermatitis?

Cradle cap happens in most babies. It’s generally a harmless condition that doesn’t cause pain, itching or discomfort. It appears within the first weeks to months of life and is rarely seen after 12 months of age in most babies. It can be easily managed with simple at-home care.

In adolescents and adults, seborrheic dermatitis of the scalp (dandruff) or the face and body is a condition that comes and goes throughout life. Fortunately, it can be controlled with treatment. The condition improves quickly with regular treatment.

See your healthcare provider if your condition doesn’t respond to self-treatment, or if the affected area becomes painful, forms crusts, or drains fluid or pus.

Living With

How do I take care of myself?

If you have seborrheic dermatitis of the scalp, you can try some of the over-the-counter dandruff shampoos. If one shampoo doesn’t work, look at the active ingredient and try another product with a different active ingredient (see treatment section). Shampoos should remain on your scalp for at least five minutes before rinsing off.

If you think you have seborrheic dermatitis on your face or body, see your healthcare provider or dermatologist. They will examine you to determine the extent and severity of your condition. You will work together to develop the best treatment approach to get your condition under control and manage flare-ups. Follow all instructions and never hesitate to call your healthcare provider if you have questions or concerns.

When should I see my healthcare provider?

You should see a dermatologist if your symptoms get worse or you experience a flare-up. Your healthcare provider may need to change your dosage, add a different medication to your treatment regimen or change medications.

What questions should I ask my healthcare provider?

• Do my symptoms indicate seborrheic dermatitis, eczema, atopic dermatitis or psoriasis?
• What over-the-counter treatment or combination of treatments would work best for me?
• Is there a specific brand of dandruff shampoo, cream or lotion that you recommend?
• Is there a prescription shampoo, cream or lotion you can prescribe? (If your at-home remedies aren’t working. )
• How often should I see a dermatologist regarding this condition?
• What should I do if I have an allergic reaction to a shampoo/cream/lotion?
• Is my acne treatment covered by my insurance? (Many cosmetic procedures are not covered by insurance.)

Although seborrheic dermatitis is itchy and uncomfortable, it does not harm your health. The condition can be managed with treatment. Itchy skin and white flakes on your black shirts shouldn’t be a normal part of your day!

Causes, Symptoms, Risk Factors, Diagnosis, and Treatments

What Is Seborrheic Dermatitis?

Seborrheic dermatitis is a common skin disease that causes an itchy rash with flaky scales. It causes redness on light skin and light patches on darker skin. It’s also called dandruff, cradle cap, seborrhea, seborrheic eczema, and seborrheic psoriasis.

It might look similar to psoriasis, eczema, or an allergic reaction. It usually happens on your scalp, but you can get it anywhere on your body.

Seborrheic Dermatitis Causes

Experts don’t know what exactly causes seborrheic dermatitis. It seems to be a mix of things, including:

• Stress
• Your genes
• A yeast that usually lives on your skin without causing problems
• Certain medical conditions and medicines
• Cold, dry weather
• An immune system response

It doesn’t come from an allergy or from being unclean.

Seborrheic Dermatitis Risk Factors

Newborns and adults ages 30 to 60 are more likely to get seborrheic dermatitis. It’s more common in men than women and in people with oily skin. These conditions can also raise adults’ risk:

Seborrheic Dermatitis Symptoms

Babies 3 months and younger often get cradle cap: crusty yellow or brown scales on their scalp. It usually goes away before they’re a year old, although it can come back when they reach puberty.

Parents might mistake seborrheic dermatitis for diaper rash.

Adults might get seborrheic dermatitis on their face, especially around their nose, in their eyebrows, on their eyelids, or behind their ears. It can show up on other parts of your body, too:

• In the middle part of your chest
• Around your navel
• On your buttocks
• In skin folds under your arms and on your legs
• In your groin
• Below your breasts

Your skin might itch or burn. The scales that flake off could be white or yellowish and look moist or oily.

Because seborrheic dermatitis can look like other skin conditions, see your doctor to get a diagnosis and a treatment plan.

Seborrheic Dermatitis Diagnosis

Your doctor will ask about your medical history and look at your skin. They might scrape off a bit of skin and look at it under a microscope to rule out conditions that affect your skin including:

• Psoriasis. This causes a lot of silvery white scales, often on your elbows and knees. It can also change how your fingernails look. You might have this at the same time as seborrheic dermatitis.
• Eczema (atopic dermatitis). This usually causes inflamed skin on your head, elbows, or knees.
• Rosacea. This can also happen along with dermatitis. It causes a red rash with few or no scales, often on your face. Rosacea can go away and come back several times.
• Allergic reaction. If your rash is itchy and doesn’t clear up with treatment, an allergy could be causing it.
• Systemic lupus erythematous (SLE). Some stages of this condition can cause a butterfly-shaped rash across the middle of your face.

Seborrheic Dermatitis Treatment

Seborrheic dermatitis will sometimes clear up by itself. But often, it’s a lifelong issue that clears and flares. You can usually control it with good skin care.

Talk with your doctor about a treatment plan. They’ll probably tell you to start with over-the-counter medicines and home remedies.

If you have seborrheic dermatitis on your scalp, use an over-the-counter dandruff shampoo with one of these ingredients:

If your baby has cradle cap, shampoo their scalp daily with warm water and baby shampoo. A dandruff shampoo could irritate their skin, so talk to your pediatrician about medicated shampoos before you try one. To soften thick patches, rub mineral oil onto the area and brush gently with a baby hairbrush to help peel the scales off.

If you have seborrheic dermatitis on your face and body, keep the affected areas clean. Wash with soap and water every day.

Sunlight may stop the growth of the yeast organisms that are causing the problem, so being outdoors could help make the rash go away. Make sure to wear sunscreen.

Continued

Other treatments include:

• Antifungal products
• Corticosteroid lotions
• Sulfur products

These medicines can have side effects, especially if you use them for a long time. Follow your doctor’s advice. The best results often come from a mix of treatments.

See your doctor if your seborrheic dermatitis doesn’t get better, if the area becomes painful, red, or swollen, or if it starts to drain pus. They might give you prescription cream, shampoo, or antifungal pills to clear up the symptoms.

Eyebrow dandruff: Causes, treatments, and remedies

Eyebrow dandruff is a similar issue to dandruff on the scalp. It causes flaky skin to shed from the area.

Eyebrow dandruff may have a few different causes. These can include dry skin, seborrheic dermatitis, and contact dermatitis.

Working with a doctor or dermatologist can help a person get a full diagnosis for persistent symptoms and proper treatment for the underlying issue.

In this article, learn more about the symptoms, treatments, and complications associated with eyebrow dandruff.

Eyebrow dandruff appears similar to dandruff on the scalp.

Some research suggests that dandruff may affect as much as 50% of the population.

A person may have whitish, gray, or yellow flakes of skin under and around their eyebrows. The area may be flushed or inflamed, and a person may feel the need to itch or pick the area.

There are a few different causes of eyebrow dandruff. The sections below will discuss these in more detail.

Seborrheic dermatitis

Seborrheic dermatitis is the common inflammatory form of dandruff. In babies, the condition is called cradle cap. It causes greasy, irritated skin to produce these white flakes along the eyebrows and on other areas of skin.

A fungus called Malassezia may cause chronic seborrheic dermatitis. The fungus lives in the oily sebum of the skin and may multiply due to a poor immune system reaction. This can lead to chronic symptoms that require regular treatment.

Learn more about seborrheic dermatitis here.

Contact dermatitis

Contact dermatitis is a reaction on the skin that occurs due to an allergen or irritant. The skin may react to an ingredient in products such as shampoo or conditioner, makeup, or the detergent that a person uses on a hat or headscarf.

Contact dermatitis can cause an itchy, irritating rash in the area. The skin may flake off, causing dandruff. If eyebrow dandruff appears after using a new product, stop using it and talk to a dermatologist to undergo testing for any allergens.

Learn more about contact dermatitis here.

Dry skin

A person may mistake very dry skin in the area for dandruff.

People who live in harsh conditions or very low temperatures may get severely dry skin that flakes like dandruff. This may go away quickly if the person moisturizes their face regularly.

Learn about remedies for dry skin on the face here.

Eczema

Eczema is a chronic skin condition that causes inflammation and irritated patches of skin. It is possible for the condition to cause symptoms near the eyebrows.

Learn more about eczema here.

Psoriasis

Psoriasis stems from an immune response that causes the skin to create new cells faster than the old cells can shed. This results in itchy scales or patches of skin.

Psoriasis may occur in many places on the body, including near the eyebrows, in some cases.

Learn more about psoriasis here.

The best treatment option for eyebrow dandruff will depend on the cause, though regularly moisturizing can usually help.

The sections below will look at some treatment options in more detail.

Over-the-counter treatments

Over-the-counter (OTC) products such as dandruff shampoos are a primary treatment for all forms of dandruff, including eyebrow dandruff.

Ingredients such as selenium sulfide and ketoconazole may help with dandruff and its underlying causes, such as excessive oil or fungal overgrowth, in some cases.

Some other potentially helpful ingredients include:

To use dandruff shampoo on the eyebrows, a person should lather the shampoo into the eyebrows and allow it to sit for a few minutes before rinsing it out. Try to avoid getting the lather in the eyes.

With contact dermatitis, using an OTC anti-itch cream or antihistamine drug can help soothe the symptoms or prevent irritation and itchiness.

Medical treatments

In some cases, it may be necessary to see a dermatologist to receive prescription-strength drug treatment.

If OTC anti-dandruff options do not result in improvement, it may be best to see a dermatologist for a stronger solution. They may recommend prescription-strength shampoo treatments containing compounds such as ketoconazole or selenium sulfide. These are similar to the OTC versions but have higher strengths.

Some home remedies may help treat mild cases of eyebrow dandruff.

However, even with natural products, skin reactions are possible. For this reason, it is important to test the product on a small area of skin before applying it to the face.

For mild cases of dry skin, natural oils such as coconut, avocado, or jojoba oil may help bring moisture to the face.

Tea tree oil is a widely available essential oil with some medicinal properties. In fact, one study suggests that tea tree oil has strong antifungal and antioxidant properties.

It is important to dilute the oil in a carrier. Also, take extra care when using tea tree oil anywhere near the eyes.

Anyone who is uncertain should talk to a dermatologist before using tea tree oil.

It may not be possible to prevent every case of eyebrow dandruff. However, some general tips may help prevent some causes.

Try:

• wearing protective clothing in harsh weather
• hydrating the skin using a facial moisturizer
• using sunscreen to protect the skin from the sun’s rays
• keeping track of potential allergens to stop using them
• not picking or touching the area
• tracking and avoiding potential irritants

There may be some complications associated with eyebrow dandruff, especially if a person does not seek treatment for it.

For example, seborrheic dermatitis can be a recurring, chronic issue for some people. Without treatment, the symptoms may be more difficult to control or get worse.

Also, there may be some long-term repercussions in the area, such as scarring from a severe reaction. A person may lose some hair or have thin eyebrows, depending on the underlying issue and how it affects the hair follicles.

Although the occasional case of dryness on the face is not usually a cause for concern, anyone worried about symptoms such as eyebrow dandruff should see a doctor or dermatologist.

Getting a full diagnosis may help eliminate the possibility of underlying issues and find treatment for any issues that may be causing the symptoms.

Eyebrow dandruff is a common issue, and the treatment will depend on the underlying cause. Some causes are chronic and require regular treatment.

At other times, an allergen or harsh conditions may give rise to eyebrow dandruff. In these cases, it may clear with OTC treatment and avoiding potential irritants.

It is important to talk to a dermatologist if symptoms persist. They can help diagnose the underlying issue and recommend some prescription-strength options to control or treat the symptoms.

Articles – Got Dandruff? On your face! Seborrheic Dermatitis

GOT DANDRUFF? On your face!
“You may have Seborrheic Dermatitis”

Jeanne M. Ellern, PA-C
Physician Assistant Certified
Advanced Dermatology Skin and Surgery Center

Seborrheic Dermatitis is a common, chronic inflammatory skin process. 　Similar to dandruff but with redness, irritation, dry or greasy scale, occasionally itching or burning. Typically most common in areas with the largest concentration of sebaceous glands: scalp, face, chest, upper back, eyebrows, ears, men’s facial hair and body folds.

The cause of Seborrheic Dermatitis is not completely understood. Probable causes include Malassezia yeasts, sebum production and hereditary. Often worse in the winter months with improvement in the summer. It is more common in men and often begins after puberty. “Cradle cap” can be seen in babies and young children. Even though this is a chronic condition, relief is possible. Treatment options are available depending on the location of the lesions.

Scalp: Mild scalp seborrheic dermatitis typically responds to shampoos that contain zinc pyrithione, coal tar, salicylic acid, selenium sulfide or sulfur. Prescription shampoos include ciclopirox and ketoconazole. OTC options include Head and Shoulders medicated, T-gel and Selsum Blue medicated shampoos. Severe scalp seborrheic dermatitis often needs to be managed similarly to scalp psoriasis. Potent steroids such as fluocinoinide solution.

Face: Seborrheic dermatitis responds well to low potency topical steroids as well as antifungals creams and gels. Recommend washing face with a prescription or OTC antifungal/ dandruff shampoo. OTC options would include Head and Shoulders medicated, T-gel and Selsum Blue medicated.

Even though Seborrheic dermatitis is a chronic condition, it can be managed well. If you feel like this is something you are suffering from, please contact our office and we will be happy to help you.

by Jeanne M. Ellern, PA-C
Physician Assistant Certified

Scaly, Red Face? Dandruff’s Twin Sister… Seborrhoeic Dermatitis

There are times as a dermatologist that you can make a diagnosis before your patient has even sat down. It’s seborrhoeic dermatitis, a common condition affecting one in twenty and, like Marmite, love it or hate it, it’s all about a yeast. In this case called Malassesia.

Dandruff’s Ugly Sister

Seborrhoeic (pronounced seb-or-ray-ik) dermatitis, also called seborrhoeic eczema or just seb derm for short, is the ugly twin sister of dandruff. It causes a red scaly tight-feeling rash in typical sites: between the eyebrows, on the folds of skin between the cheeks and nose and also the inside of the ears. Most people will have a dry and slightly itchy scalp, with dandruff and loose white scale which can end up leaving the flakes of dandruff showering over your shoulders like cutaneous confetti.

A Troublesome Yeast

The main cause of seborrheic dermatitis and dandruff is a reaction of the body to the Malassesia yeast. The yeast is what dermatologists describe as a being ‘skin commensal’ meaning it actually lives normally and harmlessly on the skin of most people. But in certain people, who probably are genetically prone, their immune system reacts to the yeast and causes inflammation, giving the characteristic rash.

A Sign of Something Serious

Almost everyone with seborrhoeic dermatitis has nothing else wrong, but it is seen more commonly in people with Parkinson’s disease and can be a sign of HIV infection, particularly if it is severe. People with bad seborrhoeic dermatitis may be offered an HIV test as a precaution. This is because HIV is important to diagnose early to reduce the risk of passing it on and to allow it to be treated effectively.

Simple Seb Derm Tips from a Derm

Seborrhoeic dermatitis can’t be totally cured, but often symptoms can be controlled almost completely. Once daily use of a facial moisturizer, and use of a hair conditioner after shampooing may be very helpful. Conditioners contain moisturizers, acidity regulators, essential fatty acids and surfactants which may be enough to change the environment of the scalp enough improve the condition. Anti-dandruff shampoos containing zinc pyrithone or selenium sulphide are widely available and can be helpful. Organic alternatives containing tea tree oil and essential oils can also be tried. Changing diet does not usually help.

The Best Shampoos for Seborrhoeic Dermatitis

Probably the best shampoos containing the yeast-busting medication ketoconazole. They are widely available over the counter in pharmacists (e.g. Nizoral). This shampoos should be used 2-3 times a week leaving the lather on for 3-5 minutes before rinsing.

Bye Bye Scale

To get rid of the facial rash one of our favourite treatments is Protopic ointment or Elidel cream. These creams are non-steroidal, clear up the rash within a few days and then can be used just once or twice a week to keep it bay. Alternative treatments are weak steroids such as Eumovate cream, con be obtained from pharmacists over-the-counter in small tubes.

So, if your shoulders look like you’ve stepped into a mini-snowstorm, and the sides of your nose and ears are strangely flaky, show your yeast the door marked exit…

The London Dermatologist

Seborrheic Dermatitis – American Osteopathic College of Dermatology (AOCD)

Seborrheic dermatitis is a common skin condition affecting millions of Americans. It shows up as flaking skin, or reddish patches. Unlike people with dry skin, the skin in people with seborrheic dermatitis is usually oily. It can be unsightly, itchy and, since it is often on the face, may cause embarrassment. It is not contagious. Scales form on reddened skin.

In adults seborrheic dermatitis usually affects the scalp, eyebrows, ear canals, sides of the nose, and behind the ears. It sometimes affects the armpits, chest and in the groin area. Most people with it complain of dandruff, especially on the back and sides of the scalp (bad dandruff bad dandruff is usually seborrheic dermatitis).

Stress, fatigue, weather extremes, oily skin and infrequent shampooing or skin cleaning make it worse. Severe medical illnesses, including AIDS, Parkinson’s disease, head injury, and stroke are associated with seborrheic dermatitis. These are thought to make the normal skin care that prevents seborrheic dermatitis harder to keep up with. The vast majority of people with seborrheic dermatitis have no associated conditions.

Seborrheic dermatitis may start in infancy as cradle cap. It affects the scalp as thick, crusty, yellow scales. Children usually outgrow it by age 3 and do not normally get seborrheic dermatitis. Cradle cap is not contagious, it is not caused by poor hygiene, it is not an allergy, and it is not dangerous. Cradle cap usually does not itch, but it may. If excessive scratching occurs, it can cause additional inflammation, mild infections or bleeding.

The problem in seborrheic dermatitis is in the oil (sebaceous) glands and hair follicles. People with seborrheic dermatitis produce too much sebum (the natural skin oil). Later, pityrosporum yeast grows excessively in the sebum, sometime along with bacteria, making the dermatitis more persistent.

Seborrheic dermatitis and psoriasis can be difficult to tell apart. Psoriasis tends to have a whiter scale, and affected areas will bleed fairly easily if they are plucked or picked or scratched. Plaques or patches of psoriasis also tend to be thicker and more persistent. Although both can produce dandruff, psoriasis is less common and more severe. A few people have both conditions, however, which can make diagnosis difficult.

Basic treatment consists of using shampoos containing zinc pyrithione (Head and shoulders, ZNP bar), selenium sulfide (Selsun blue and prescription strength Selsun) or ketoconazole (Nizoral AD and prescription strength Nizoral). A person may need to try several shampoos to find the one that works best, and then rotate between several medicated and non-medicated shampoos to maintain effectiveness. It’s important to massage the shampoo onto the scalp and other affected areas and leave it in place for a few minutes before rinsing thoroughly. Other shampoo ingredients that are sometime helpful are salicylic acid, coal tar, and sulfur.

If shampoos aren’t working, the next step is to rub on a prescription cortisone lotion once or twice a day. Finally, an overnight medication under a shower cap may be needed for stubborn cases.

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The medical information provided in this site is for educational purposes only and is the property of the American Osteopathic College of Dermatology. It is not intended nor implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice and shall not create a physician – patient relationship. If you have a specific question or concern about a skin lesion or disease, please consult a dermatologist. Any use, re-creation, dissemination, forwarding or copying of this information is strictly prohibited unless expressed written permission is given by the American Osteopathic College of Dermatology.

90,000 causes, types and treatment

Zinocap is a non-hormonal drug for the treatment of seborrheic dermatitis. Has anti-inflammatory and antifungal activity, reduces itching, stimulates the natural renewal of skin cells, eliminating dryness and flaking.

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Skin condition is a reflection of human health – therefore, one of the universal criteria for beauty has always been the absence of signs of peeling and inflammation on the skin. Dermatologists admit that many of the diseases they have to deal with cause patients primarily psychological discomfort.Stress can be both a root cause and a consequence of many skin diseases, turning them into a vicious circle. Seborrheic dermatitis is no exception. Let’s see what are the features of this disease and how can you get out of the vicious circle of its symptoms?

What is seborrheic dermatitis

Seborrheic dermatitis is a common skin disease that each of us may encounter at some point in our lives. This is an inflammatory disease that occurs in areas of the body where many sebaceous glands are located: on the scalp, behind the ear and in the nasolabial triangle, as well as in the space between the shoulder blades and on the anterior surface of the chest.

Seborrheic dermatitis is caused by a yeast-like fungus of the genus Malassezia, but it is incorrect to call this disease infectious: the causative agent is a conditionally pathogenic microorganism that lives on the epidermis of almost every healthy person. The life cycle of this fungus is associated with fatty acids in the sebum, which is produced by the sebaceous glands. If, for some reason, they begin to secrete a secret in an enhanced mode, then the number of microorganisms in this area increases sharply, which leads to an inflammatory reaction, accompanied by itching and peeling of the skin.

Who is at risk

Doctors have identified several causes that can lead to seborrheic dermatitis. It has been proven that severe or chronic stress (which, alas, is a frequent companion of many people) leads to disruption of the normal function of the sebaceous glands. Therefore, seborrheic dermatitis often occurs in people who have suffered a nervous shock, patients with mental disorders and those who, due to the peculiarities of their professional activities, are forced to work under stressful conditions.

Another risk factor: limitation of physical activity, characteristic of people with disabilities and overweight people. In addition, the influence of some hormones on the production of sebum has been proven, therefore, adolescents in transitional age, infants who are breastfed (they receive hormones from mother’s milk, and the manifestations of the disease naturally go away after changing the diet), as well as men and women in whom the content of androgenic hormones predominates.
Finally, the relationship between some pathologies of the immune system and the inflammatory response in response to the multiplication of skin microflora has been noted: people with congenital and acquired immunodeficiencies develop seborrheic dermatitis much more often than the average population.

Causes of seborrheic dermatitis

The causative agent of the disease produces special lipolytic enzymes that can break down fatty acids contained in sebum. When there are too many fungi, these chemicals provoke an inflammatory reaction, which is accompanied by the destruction of skin cells (it looks like peeling on the outside), as well as the release of histamine, a chemical that causes itching.Scratching the itchy areas aggravates the inflammation and worsens the appearance of the skin with seborrheic dermatitis.

Signs and localization of the lesion

Symptoms of seborrheic dermatitis develop gradually. In the initial stages, yellowish-red scaly spots and vesicles appear in the affected areas, which can combine into large plaques covered with fatty scales. As a rule, seborrheic zones are located symmetrically (for example, on the wings of the nose or ears on the right and left).Dense crusts form on the scalp, and cracks appear in the area of ​​natural skin folds. The severity of seborrheic dermatitis is determined by the area of ​​skin lesions and the intensity of the inflammatory process.

The “favorite” localization of seborrheic dermatitis is the scalp and face, but often the disease also affects the trunk. In severe cases, patients develop generalized seborrheic dermatitis, in which all parts of the body rich in sebaceous glands are simultaneously affected.

Allocate dry, oily and mixed forms of seborrheic dermatitis. The first option is typical for adolescents (the secretion of sebum is reduced at the same time), the second is accompanied by the separation of a liquid or thick skin secretion. In the latter case, dermatitis is exacerbated by the formation of acne, which is most typical for male patients. With a mixed form of the disease, both dry and fatty plaques are observed in different parts of the body.

Peculiarities of treatment of seborrheic dermatitis

The tactics of helping patients with seborrheic dermatitis include two main directions.First, the fight against the causes of the disease: normalization of metabolism and suppression of the activity of the skin microflora. Secondly, the elimination of the symptoms of the disease, which cause both physical and psychological discomfort to patients.

Diet therapy

Since the pathological process is based on the disruption of the sebaceous glands, it is important to eliminate all factors that can affect the mechanism of their work. It is known that an important role in this is played by the human diet and the state of the gastrointestinal tract.Therefore, patients with seborrheic dermatitis are advised to limit the use of sweet, fatty, smoked and spicy foods, and they are also prescribed enzyme preparations that facilitate digestion.

Doctors have long noted the connection between the nature of the course (and even the occurrence) of many skin diseases and the health of the stomach, intestines and liver, therefore, patients are often advised to undergo a preventive examination by a gastroenterologist, and in the presence of chronic diseases in this area, to resume treatment.

Notes
There are many popular recipes for the treatment of seborrheic dermatitis – all kinds of decoctions, infusions and masks, which are offered to be prepared on their own or bought in specialized stores and shops ready-made. It is believed that the naturalness of the components reduces the likelihood of developing side effects of treatment, but do not forget that the effectiveness and safety of most of these recipes has not been scientifically proven, and it is impossible to predict the individual response of the body to certain biologically active substances.Therefore, doctors recommend giving preference to drugs sold in pharmacies.

Systemic therapy

This type of treatment involves the use of vitamin and mineral complexes and antimicrobial drugs. Vitamin therapy is aimed at improving the condition of the skin and accelerating metabolic processes – the emphasis should be on taking vitamins A, C and group B. Antimicrobial drugs are designed to fight both the causative agent of the disease and concomitant infection, which often complicates the course of seborrheic dermatitis.Your doctor may prescribe you a course of systemic antimycotics (antifungal agents) – these include fluconazole, terbinafine, intraconazole, and others, as well as broad-spectrum antibiotics such as doxycycline.

In some cases, with a severe inflammatory reaction and itching, the patient may additionally be prescribed antihistamines such as loratadine, cetirizine, chlorpheniramine and others.

Topical treatments for seborrheic dermatitis

Products applied to the skin help combat the symptoms of seborrheic dermatitis, usually in the form of ointments, gels and aerosols.Their advantage is that they act in a targeted manner: they help relieve inflammation, itching, fight dryness and flaking, and also – depending on the form of the disease – they are able to moisturize or dry the epidermis. There are also antifungal and antibacterial ointments that allow you to suppress excess microflora locally, without negatively affecting the gastrointestinal tract.

External remedies effective for seborrheic dermatitis can be conditionally subdivided into two subgroups: hormonal and non-hormonal.

Hormonal preparations

The property of synthetic steroid hormones is a rapid inhibition of inflammatory reactions and an immunosuppressive effect. This makes them extremely effective in relieving the main symptoms of seborrheic dermatitis. The most common drugs are betamethasone (Akriderm), hydrocortisone (hydrocortisone ointment), methylprednisolone (Advantan), momentzone (Gistan-N) and triamcinolone (Ftorocort).

Meanwhile, one should be aware that hormonal drugs have many side effects, so they should be used only in severe exacerbations of seborrheic dermatitis, and canceled with caution, as this can worsen the course of the disease and cause withdrawal syndrome.

Contraindications for the use of topical glucocorticosteroids are any bacterial or viral skin infections, hypersensitivity and skin tumors in the area of ​​application. Prolonged use of hormonal ointments leads to skin dystrophy and a decrease in local immunity, which, in turn, can easily lead to the addition of a secondary infection.

Despite affordable prices and quick results from the use of glucocorticosteroid ointments for seborrheic dermatitis, most doctors are wary of their appointment.Topical steroids are prohibited for long-term use (no longer than 5 days), they cannot be applied to large areas of the body (if more than 20% of the skin is affected), as well as non-sensitive areas – face, neck, folds. Unfortunately, many patients are unaware of this and abuse this group of drugs, using them on their own. This often leads to an aggravation of the pathology.

Non-hormonal drugs

A more gentle, but often not inferior in effectiveness approach to the treatment of seborrheic dermatitis is the use of non-hormonal drugs based on zinc pyrithione (Zinocap), ketoconazole (Sulsen), salicylic acid (salicylic ointment), birch tar (tar ointment).Each group of these funds has certain advantages, but most importantly, they are devoid of serious side effects of hormonal ointments and creams.

A frequent contraindication to the appointment of non-hormonal drugs is individual intolerance to one or another of their components. It is not always possible to predict this, therefore it is important to be especially attentive to the condition of the skin in the first days of using a new product. Side effects can be dry skin, increased photosensitivity and allergic reactions.

Some drugs from this group affect only part of the symptoms of seborrheic dermatitis, for example, tar has antiseptic properties, but does not help reduce itching, and salicylic acid, suppressing the inflammatory process, cannot normalize the natural renewal of the epidermis. The universal drugs that act on most of the pathogenetic mechanisms of seborrheic dermatitis include ointments and creams based on zinc pyrithione, therefore, agents from this group often become the main ones in the external therapy of the disease.

Despite the fact that seborrheic dermatitis does not pose an immediate threat to the patient’s life and does not deprive him of his ability to work, this ailment can significantly impair the quality of life and reduce the self-esteem of a sick person (especially young girls and adolescents). Therefore, it is important to start treatment already at the first signs of an exacerbation, and if the disease manifests itself for the first time, you should definitely consult a qualified dermatologist.

Seborrheic dermatitis starts with … dandruff?

Like seborrheic dermatitis, dandruff is caused by overgrowth of Malassezia fungi.However, the symptoms of seborrheic dermatitis occur when the proportion of the pathogen among the entire microflora on the scalp is more than 83%, and dandruff – when this value reaches 74% (normally Malassezia should be no more than 50% of the microflora). Thus, dandruff can be considered as the initial stage of the disease, so you should not take it lightly and neglect the use of medicines.

Anti-dandruff shampoos – even those sold in pharmacies – are often not able to fight the causes of the disease, they only eliminate its symptoms.It is much more effective to use non-hormonal agents for treatment, especially based on zinc pyrithione, such as the OTCPharm Zinocap drug. Thanks to zinc pyrithione, “Zinocap” has anti-inflammatory and antifungal activity, reduces itching, stimulates the natural renewal of skin cells, eliminating dryness and flaking, restores the barrier function of the skin and reduces its sensitivity to the damaging effects of microorganisms. Zinocap also contains D-panthenol (provitamin B5), which restores the structure of the scalp, promotes healing, and also has a beneficial effect on the health and appearance of hair.”Zinocap” in the form of a cream has a light texture, is quickly absorbed and softens the skin, and the “Zinocap” aerosol is equipped with a special nozzle for application to hard-to-reach areas of the body (for example, on the scalp). The drug can be used in both adults and children from the first year of life.

Modern complex therapy for dandruff and seborrhea

The Yauza Clinical Hospital provides effective treatment for dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis, aimed at eliminating the cause of the disease.Its course includes both external (shampoos, lotions, ointments, peels) and internal preparations, as well as injection methods of treatment – mesotherapy and plasma lifting.

Dandruff treatment as prevention of diseases

Peeling on the scalp in the form of dandruff is not only cosmetological discomfort, itching and possible hair loss, but also a possible symptom of dermatological diseases: seborrheic dermatitis, fungal infections, skin, psoriasis.The reasons for such disorders can be hormonal changes in the body during puberty, pregnancy and menopause, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, nervous system, improperly selected hygiene and cosmetic products (shampoos, hair dye).

Do not treat dandruff on your own and postpone the consultation with your doctor for a long time. With the wrong tactics, this can lead to the development of seborrheic dermatitis – inflammation of the skin, with a recurrent course, where the inflammatory process can spread to the face, ears, back, chest, as a result of which it may be necessary to take medications inside.

The main symptoms of seborrhea

Oily hair and scalp, dandruff, itching. Seborrhea can be inherited, exacerbated by stress, physical and emotional stress, disorders of the nervous system, immunity.

Complex treatment of seborrhea

In addition to getting rid of the cosmetic defect and discomfort, the doctors of the Clinical Hospital on Yauza, aimed at eliminating the factors that cause and maintain the disease. This may require consultation of related specialists, which includes the collection of anamnesis, inspect the delivery of all necessary tests.

Seborrhea therapy in our clinic

• Treatment of the underlying disease resulting in dermatitis;
• Oral (taken by mouth) drugs are drugs that normalize the functioning of the nervous, endocrine, and immune systems;
• Means for external use – improving the condition of the skin with the help of specialized preparations – shampoos, ointments, balms, etc .;
• Peels – exfoliation of dead skin cells by mechanical or chemical means;
• Mesotherapy – intradermal administration of cocktails enriched with vitamins, minerals, organic acids, plant extracts, which improve not only the blood supply to the skin, but also the condition of the hair in general;
• Plasmolifting, PRP-therapy – the introduction of intradermal platelet-rich plasma of the patient, which allows to activate metabolic processes in the skin, improve the nutrition of hair follicles, get rid of dryness and enhance hair growth;
• Correction of lifestyle, hygiene, nutrition, the appointment of missing vitamins.

Timely appeal to the specialists of our hospital is your confidence in a quick and effective recovery. A modern, comprehensive and always individual approach will get rid of your problem in the shortest possible time. Do not delay your visit to the dermatologist!

Prices for services You can look at the price list or specify by phone, indicated on the website.

The article was checked by a doctor dermatovenerologist, trichologist, dermato-oncologist Tsoi E.G. , is of a general informational nature, does not replace the advice of a specialist.
For recommendations on diagnosis and treatment, a doctor’s consultation is required.

causes of occurrence, methods of treatment in the MEDSI clinic

Table of Contents

Dandruff is characterized by the appearance of a large number of loose scales on the scalp, while they prevail in the occipito-parietal region.In most cases, it is a companion of seborrhea, but an important factor is also a hereditary predisposition (features of the structure of the skin and its secretion). The occurrence of dandruff can be associated with a violation of metabolic processes in the body, including improper hair care. It is sometimes viewed as an infectious disease.

The renewal of scalp cells occurs every 28 days, while the old cells remain on the surface of the skin as dead keratinized scales.As a rule, dandruff is invisible, but the use of low-quality shampoos, regular drying and blow-drying of hair, including stress and illness, can lead to too frequent renewal of scalp cells and, as a result, to the appearance of a large amount of dandruff.

This Problem worries both women and men. According to experts, every third person suffers from this disease. The causes of dandruff can be: improper hair care, dry scalp, lack of vitamins A and B, nervous strain, gastrointestinal tract disorders, psychoemotional stressful situations, diseases of the endocrine system, as well as fungal diseases.

Small flaky scales of dry dandruff are distributed over the entire surface of the scalp or are concentrated in the parietal and frontal regions. Sebum production decreases, itchy skin worries, hair over time becomes dry, brittle and begins to fall out vigorously.

When dandruff occurs due to increased sebum secretion, characteristic of seborrhea, the scales become saturated with the secretion of the sebaceous glands, begin to exfoliate and acquire a yellowish color, while the hair quickly becomes dirty and sticky, becomes greasy, often accompanied by itching of the scalp.In this case, the fat clogs the ducts of the sebaceous and sweat glands and irritates the nerve endings; this is also facilitated by fatty acids formed as a result of the decomposition and oxidation of fats; which further leads to hair loss and thinning.

Dandruff is a rather alarming symptom of hair disease and disorder in the body itself, therefore, at the slightest sign of it, it is recommended to consult a specialist and immediately begin to fight this scourge.

Oily seborrhea

Most often, there are cases of oily (thick or liquid) seborrhea. Fatty – due to an increase in the secretion of the sebaceous glands, which is directly related to an increase in the level of androgens. As a result, the composition of sebum changes, and this in turn leads to a decrease in its sterilizing properties, as well as the creation of favorable conditions for the development of microorganisms and skin lesions. The manifestations of the disease are more pronounced in areas of the skin where the sebaceous glands are located in large numbers: face, scalp, chest, back.At the same time, the skin takes on a gray-yellow color, becomes shiny and coarse, its porosity increases.

With a thick form of the disease, the hair becomes coarse and coarse. Thick oily seborrhea is characterized by compaction and decreased elasticity of the skin, significant expansion of the sebaceous gland orifices. With liquid oily – the skin resembles an orange peel, sebum is excreted in excess from the sebaceous glands. The hair on the head seems to be oiled, and often stick together in strands.

After shampooing, on the second or third day, the hair becomes untidy, becomes greasy and often sticks together into oily strands. Dandruff from oily scales forms on the scalp, which is easily scraped off with a fingernail. Hair loss gradually increases, ending in a relatively short time (3-5 years, sometimes more) with significant baldness. In this case, it is already impossible to restore the hairline.

When trying to get rid of the manifestations of this disease, patients wash their hair more often, but these measures do not give the desired effect – the hair quickly becomes greasy.In addition, frequent shampooing provokes an even greater function of the sebum, and as a result, the hair becomes dirty even faster. Oily seborrhea is accompanied by severe itching of the skin, oily dandruff scales stick together, forming gray-yellowish plaques on the hair, falling from the hair onto the shoulders and giving the clothes an untidy look.

The cause may also be a yeast that has settled in the sebaceous gland. Itchy skin and increased greasiness of the skin, dandruff can be the results of its vigorous activity.

Dry seborrhea

In the dry form, there is a reduced secretion of sebum, the scales almost completely cover the scalp and hair.

With this disease, the hair gradually becomes thinner, loses its shine, becomes brittle, breaks off and splits at the ends, and begins to fall out vigorously. Dandruff appears on the scalp in the form of easily crumbling, dry, whitish scales. The disease is often accompanied by itching.

Attempts to get rid of such phenomena by more frequent shampooing do not give the desired result, and most often even worsen the condition.This is understandable since dry skin is the main symptom. Therefore, all products that degrease the skin and hair are only harmful.

Seborrheic dermatitis (eczema)

Such dermatitis most often affects those parts of the body in which the sebaceous glands are most developed – this is primarily the scalp, natural folds (nasolabial, nasal, axillary, cervical, inguinal and behind the ear), back and chest.

Seborrhea, as well as associated neuroendocrine disorders, predispose to the development of dermatitis (eczema).It is known that seborrheic dermatitis is greatly exacerbated by emotional stress. The disease is characterized by reddish spots and plaques formed from erythematous-scaly spots with confluent miliary papules of a yellowish-brown color. These rashes contribute to the appearance of ring-shaped garland-shaped outlines, sometimes of a bizarre shape.

In severe form, the disease can lead to erythroderma, involving the skin of the trunk and extremities in the pathological process.During puberty, as well as in adult patients, the following are affected: scalp, forehead, interscapular skin, less often limbs, behind the ear folds. On the scalp, eczema is characterized by dryness, pityriasis peeling, foci of reddening of the skin, serous-purulent or serous-hemorrhagic crusts, when removed, a continuous weeping surface is exposed.

The defeat of the folds behind the ear most often contributes to the manifestation of erythema, edema, deep painful cracks in the depths of the folds, oozing and yellow scales (or scales-crusts).On the body and limbs, there are yellowish-pink scaly spots with clear boundaries and sometimes small-knotted elements in the center of the lesion. Often complicated by the addition of a secondary infection (ostiofolliculitis is a small hemispherical pustule that occurs in the hair follicle and is penetrated in the center by the hair, with a peripheral erythematous rim), and during puberty, as well as in patients from 18 to 25 years old, they are combined with acne.

Seborrheic keratosis

The disease of keratosis (or basal cell papillomas) is a type of seborrhea.This condition is also called seborrheic keratoma, seborrheic wart, or senile wart. This keratosis is a benign tumor that occurs on the surface of the epidermis and never degenerates into malignant tumors. In the overwhelming majority of cases, this disease affects men over the age of 30. The disease is represented by many flat nodules that are covered with hard brown scales.

This type of keratosis is caused by the appearance of yellowish spots on the surface of the skin, especially often affecting the trunk and formed mainly in middle-aged people; over time, these spots slowly darken and take on the appearance of warts.

Treatment of seborrhea

When treating, first of all, it is necessary to identify and eliminate the causes of the disease. In this case, you need to consult a trichologist to find out the severity of the disease in your case.

Effective treatment of seborrhea and its varieties is possible only with an integrated approach. For example, in the treatment of dermatitis, well-known folk and homeopathic remedies do not help to fully cure the disease. In this case, you need to seek advice from professionals in this field.

Treatment of seborrheic dermatitis – European Dermatology

Seborrheic dermatitis: comprehensive treatment – lasting result

In dermatological practice, seborrheic dermatitis occurs quite often. It is characterized by inflammatory redness, itching and flaking of the skin.

This is due to hyperactivity of the sebaceous glands, which create a favorable environment for the reproduction of microorganisms (Pityrosporum ovale fungi).

The scalp, face, chest and back are mainly affected.

The truth about seborrheic dermatitis: facts versus myths

Despite the high level of development of world medicine, the true causes of seborrheic dermatitis have not yet been fully understood.

There are many home-grown rumors about seborrheic dermatitis: what you believed in may turn out to be a typical myth.

Evidence-based medicine has determined that the statements below are not correct.

Myths

Myth 1 Seborrheic dermatitis occurs on the background of allergies.

• The mechanism of allergy development is not related to seborrhea.

Myth 2 Seborrheic dermatitis results from inadequate hygienic body care.

• Seborrhea is associated with the work of the sebaceous glands and is often genetically inherited.

Myth 3 Dandruff with seborrheic dermatitis is only oily.

• Dandruff can also be dry.

Myth 4 Seborrheic dermatitis can affect the entire body.

• No, it only spawns in areas with sebaceous glands.

Facts

The provoking factors for seborrheic dermatitis are as follows.

• Genetic predisposition
• Stress background
• Immune reactions
• Concomitant diseases
• Fungal microorganisms (malassezia)

These fungi make up a certain part of the skin microflora, but in an unfortunate combination of circumstances, they can provoke the development of seborrheic dermatitis.

The main risk groups exposed to this disease

The risk group associated with the development of seborrheic dermatitis includes people with specific diseases and predisposition.

• Genetics and Immunodeficiency
• Endocrine and neurological diseases
• HIV, AIDS, epilepsy and Parkinson’s disease
• Chronic alcoholism, depression, vitamin deficiency
• Anorexia, bulimia and other eating disorders
• Skin diseases – psoriasis, rosacea, acne, oily skin
• Excessive sweating
• Skin contact with aggressive alkaline agents
• Taking certain medications.

Medical statistics note the following facts:

• Seborrheic dermatitis is more common in men;
• age range of the disease – adults from 30 to 60 years old and young children;
• Seasonal exacerbations are more frequent in autumn and spring.

Symptoms of manifestation of seborrheic dermatitis

Three types of seborrheic dermatitis are classified:

1. Bold.
2. Dry.
3. Mixed.

Disease symptoms:

• the skin is covered with scales and pinkish inflamed plaques
• Severe itching is felt
• when infection gets into cracks, they begin to get wet, and then yellow crusts form on them
• When the scalp is affected, oily dandruff forms and hair loss occurs.

Areas of seborrheic dermatitis localization:

• nose, eyebrows, eyelids, area behind the ears
• scalp
• less often manifests itself on the body (in the groin, navel, buttocks, under the breast in women, in the armpits).

Diagnosis and treatment of seborrheic dermatitis

The danger of seborrheic dermatitis is that a sluggish process can intensify over time and attach a secondary infection.

In addition, seborrheic dermatitis can be confused with eczema, psoriasis, fungal infections.

Therefore, it is extremely important to contact a specialist in time for a clear diagnosis.

Diagnostics

A preliminary diagnosis is carried out on the basis of the clinical picture, after which a differential diagnosis is assigned, which is a microscopic and mycological examination of scales taken from the patient’s epidermis.

Treatment

An integrated approach provides excellent treatment results.

1. Correction of somatic pathology when it is detected.
2. Enrichment of the diet with vitamins and microelements.
3. Prescribing drugs for external use
   • Keratolytic and antiseptics containing zinc
   • antifungal drugs (creams, gels, shampoos)
   • immunomodulators with anti-inflammatory effect
4. Antihistamine and antibiotic therapy for pruritus.

Recommended drugs and life hacks for home treatment of seborrheic dermatitis

Based on the results of the main treatment, the doctor makes recommendations for home care of the affected skin.
At home, it is recommended to use such folk remedies and over-the-counter drugs as:

• tar soap
• salicylic acid
• Ointments containing zinc, selenium and sulfur
• medicated anti-dandruff shampoos
• Inflamed areas can be oiled with tea tree oil
• oily skin is normalized by rubbing with apple cider vinegar (1 tbsp.l. apple cider vinegar + 2 tbsp. l of water)
• an aloe vera gel gives an antibacterial effect (you can also use a natural gel from a plant)
• before bedtime, you can wipe the affected skin with a decoction of chamomile, this is a good natural antiseptic.

And do not forget about the diet: exclude from the diet fatty, fried, spicy, pickled, smoked and alcohol.

Lifehacks from patients who tested the effectiveness of this additional treatment for seborrheic dermatitis on themselves:

1. 2-time hygienic skin care aimed at reducing sebum secretion.
2. Do not use tap water, it is better to wipe your face with oily skin lotion or wash your face with mineral water.
3. Eliminate cosmetic preparations containing alcohol, they activate sebum secretion
4. Useful sun tanning at a time safe for the skin (from 8 to 10 am):
   • The benefits of tanning are also noted by doctors – ultraviolet light blocks the reproduction of yeast microorganisms
   • When tanning, remember to use an SPF sunscreen.

Caution! Tricks and side effects of some medicinal products

Never self-medicate or buy medicines for seborrheic dermatitis without first visiting your doctor.

Some drugs can cause serious side effects.

This is due to the individual characteristics of the patient, which only a doctor can know about. And only he will prescribe the drug individually according to the results of the examination.

If you suspect seborrheic dermatitis and other skin diseases, contact the Medical Center “European Dermatology”.

You can make an appointment by calling the contact phone number listed on the website or by filling out the online self-registration form.

90,000 DANDRUFF TREATMENT SHOULD BE APPROPRIATE WITH TYPE

WHAT KINDS OF DANDRUFF ARE THERE?

With dry scalp, dandruff is made up of dry, small, thin white scales that peel off easily.

and therefore are clearly visible on dark clothing.With oily scalp, the scales are larger and thicker. They often remain near the base of the hair. Dandruff is often accompanied by an itchy scalp. Seborrheic dermatitis is dandruff at its worst. It causes redness and flaking of the skin along the hairline.

WHAT SOLUTION TO THIS PROBLEM CAN YOU ADVISE?

First of all, I would like to explain the cause of dandruff:

it is a yeast-like lipophilic fungus Pityrosporum ovale, which is a component of the normal microflora of hair follicles.As it multiplies, it causes inflammation and desquamation. I recommend that my patients regularly use a keratolytic antifungal shampoo (LHA ™ keratolic, lipophilic pyroctonolamine). In the most severe cases of seborrhea, I prescribe antifungal lotions (ketoconazole, ciclopiroxolamine) and, in some cases, use short-term, topical topical corticosteroid treatments to reduce inflammation. In all cases, treatment for dandruff should be tailored to the type of dandruff.

WHAT DO YOU ADVISE YOUR PATIENTS?

I say it is imperative to choose an effective anti-dandruff shampoo.

with good cosmetic properties, so that it does not dry out the hair and is at the same time effective and gentle.Its formula must be specially formulated in such a way as to prevent the development of seborrhea by eliminating excess sebum (which provokes seborrhea). The anti-dandruff shampoo should be kept on the hair for at least 5 minutes for the active ingredients to work optimally. In any case, special hair care is required to prevent the recurrence of dandruff.

90,000 what is it and how to deal with it

What is dandruff really?

Dandruff is not just a reaction to the wrong shampoo or soap.It is a manifestation of a skin condition called “seborrheic dermatitis” .

The disease is not limited to the scalp: dandruff occurs on the face, and on the eyebrows, and even on the eyelashes. It is caused by a fungus that constantly lives on the skin of most people in a “dormant” state. If immunity decreases, the fungus can spiral out of control and cause disease.

In some people, seborrheic dermatitis worsens in autumn and spring, when the body’s immune defenses are weakened.

How to understand that I have a disease?

Seborrheic dermatitis is recognized by its appearance. It is enough to shake your hair over black paper.

• If there is a small amount of tiny particles left on the paper – no problem. We all lose particles of exfoliated skin, and this is a normal process.
• If there are a lot of large lamellar particles left on the paper – this is a manifestation of seborrheic dermatitis. Due to the inflammatory process associated with the activation of the fungus, many such particles accumulate on the skin, and they gradually flake off.

Should seborrheic dermatitis be treated?

Seborrheic dermatitis is not contagious, health and life is not threatened. But it indicates that immunity is reduced. The reasons for this can be different: from stress and vitamin deficiencies to insulin resistance. This is the name of the initial disruption of carbohydrate metabolism, which over time can lead to serious health problems: overweight and type II diabetes.

So it’s still worth going to the doctor.

How to deal with dandruff?

You can consult a dermatologist or cosmetologist. Treatment tactics depend on the cause that caused the decrease in immunity.

Lack of minerals

Most often we are talking about iron, copper and zinc. To determine this, the doctor will take the necessary tests, and then prescribe a comprehensive treatment, including a diet and a course of vitamins.

On laboratory sites, patients with seborrheic dermatitis are often advised to undergo a variety of tests in order to independently determine which nutritional components are missing.This, of course, can be done – but the benefits of tests that people prescribe to themselves are usually small.

You may need to check other laboratory parameters. But even if you are tested for absolutely all vitamins or trace elements, you most likely will not be able to interpret them correctly. When you get your hands on the form with analyzes, you will see the indicators, which will be in the column “Norm”. But in fact, one cannot be guided by them, because these indicators are not an absolute norm for everyone.

The same applies to self-purchase of vitamins and dietary supplements. Supplement manufacturers in the instructions give very low doses – some people need to take five or six times more of the active substance. The doctor will calculate the dose individually, based on the number of milligrams per kilogram of body weight.

Taking insufficient supplements on your own is usually ineffective, and taking higher doses may also be unsafe.

Insulin resistance

The second common cause of decreased immunity. In this condition, the cells of the body do not quite properly metabolize sugar. Dermatologists determine insulin resistance by several laboratory tests: these are tests for glycated hemoglobin, blood glucose, insulin levels.

Then the doctor will give recommendations on nutrition and tell you what tests need to be done to control the state of carbohydrate metabolism. When blood sugar returns to normal, the fungus will have nothing to eat.Its amount on the skin will decrease, skin immunity will be restored, and dandruff will disappear.

How to reduce dandruff?

Whatever the reason, there are three simple rules to follow to reduce dandruff.

Rule 1: Avoid very sweet foods

Sugar feeds the fungus that causes seborrheic dermatitis. So a universal tip for anyone with dandruff is to cut out foods high in very fast carbs .These are sugar, molasses, fructose, honey, corn syrup.

Rule 2: Eliminate trans fats

These are industrial artificially “hardened” fats that are usually added to finished confectionery, baked goods and convenience foods. Thanks to them, products are cheap and have a very long shelf life. Trans fats provoke abundant secretion of thick skin secretions and an inflammatory process that “makes life easier” for seborrheic fungi.

Rule 3: Maintain the microflora of the gastrointestinal tract

The state of our immune system largely depends on the optimal composition of the intestinal microflora.Therefore, the beneficial bacteria that are in our body need to be fed with the food that they like.

The easiest healthy way is to eat 800 g of fresh vegetables and herbs a day. Vegetables are high in fiber, which the beneficial gut bacteria love most. With this diet, the microflora in the intestine is restored, which means that local skin immunity increases.

How to wash your hair?

To defeat dandruff, you need a special medical shampoo.It differs from the usual one in the composition of the active ingredients. In fact, this is a drug that has antibacterial and antifungal effects.

For a medical shampoo to help, it must be selected for each person individually. Sometimes by trial. It should be borne in mind that even a properly selected remedy does not always eliminate the cause of dandruff.

The main thing is not to wash your hair with laundry soap.With seborrheic dermatitis, this is absolutely contraindicated, because laundry soap only dries out the scalp more and injures it. This leads to inflammation – so it is easier for the fungus to penetrate the skin.

What in the end

1. Dandruff is a symptom of a condition called seborrheic dermatitis. This disease can and should be treated.
2. You can alleviate the condition if you improve your nutrition: add more fresh vegetables and herbs to the diet and exclude too sweet foods and fast food.
3. Dandruff on its own will not go away. To get rid of seborrheic dermatitis forever, you need to contact a dermatologist or cosmetologist and undergo competent treatment.

Seborrhea ›Diseases› DoctorPiter.ru

Oily hair is ugly and unpleasant. And if they are also covered with dandruff, they can seriously ruin your life. Well, if not life, then the mood spoils for sure: you can’t even wear stylish black clothes. The owner of unkempt hair is often in a state of psychological discomfort and, more importantly, becomes complex.

Features

When, after shampooing, on the second or third day, the hair becomes greasy, sticks together into oily strands, and dandruff from oily scales forms on the skin, most likely this is seborrhea – a disease that requires treatment, because it is fraught with gradual hair loss and for 3 5 years can lead to significant baldness – seborrheic alopecia, in which it is no longer possible to restore hair.

Seborrhea can develop anywhere on the skin where there are sebaceous glands.It usually occurs where there are especially many of them: on the scalp, face, chest and back. Manifestations of seborrhea are characterized by the term “greasy skin”: the affected areas become moist, greasy, shiny. The pores of the sebaceous glands are enlarged, often clogged with “blackheads”. The skin is often thickened, taking on a dirty gray tint. Hair looks greasy.

Seborrhea can be oily, dry and mixed .

Oily Seborrhea is the most common, caused by an increase in the secretion of the sebaceous glands, which is directly related to an increase in the level of androgens.Oily seborrhea is divided into thick and liquid.

With thick seborrhea , the composition of the sebum changes. It becomes thicker with a lower content of lower fatty acids and an increased content of higher fatty acids. This leads to a decrease in its sterilizing properties, to the creation of favorable conditions for the development of microorganisms and skin lesions. Thick seborrhea is characterized by loss of skin elasticity, significant expansion of the sebaceous gland orifices.Hair becomes coarse and coarse. The disease can be complicated by various types of acne – on the face, neck, chest and back. Acne is the result of a blockage of the excretory duct of the sebaceous gland, the accumulation of secretions there. It stands out when pressed – thick, yellowish in color. Seborrhea is accompanied by severe itching of the skin, oily dandruff scales stick together, forming gray-yellowish plaques on the hair, falling from the hair onto the shoulders, giving the clothes an untidy look.

Liquid seborrhea is characterized by excessive secretion of unchanged sebum.The manifestations of this subspecies of seborrhea are more pronounced in areas of the skin where sebaceous glands are located in large numbers: face, scalp, chest, back. At the same time, the skin turns gray-yellow, becomes shiny and coarse, its porosity increases, comedones (acne) appear, in some cases, sebaceous cysts form – whiteheads. The disease causes an itchy sensation that can lead to patchy baldness or significant hair thinning over several years.With liquid seborrhea, the skin resembles an orange peel, sebum is excreted in excess from the sebaceous glands. The hair on the head seems to be oiled and often stick together in strands.

Complications of liquid seborrhea: seborrheic dermatitis or seborrheic eczema is a superficial inflammation of the skin that develops as a result of its irritation by the decomposition products of sebum and bacteria.

Seborrheic dermatitis (eczema) most often those parts of the body where the most active sebaceous glands are located – in the scalp, in natural folds (nasolabial, nasal, axillary, cervical, inguinal and behind the ear), on the back and chest.

Seborrhea, as well as associated neuroendocrine disorders, predispose to the development of seborrheic dermatitis (eczema). Seborrheic dermatitis is known to be exacerbated by emotional stress. This type of dermatitis is characterized by reddish spots and plaques – scaly spots with yellowish-brown papules. These rashes have a ring-shaped shape, sometimes of a bizarre shape. The affected areas can become covered with serous-purulent crusts, when removed, a weeping surface is exposed.

Seborrheic dermatitis is often complicated by the addition of a secondary infection – ostiofolliculitis – a small abscess that occurs in the hair follicle, penetrated with hair, and during puberty, as well as in patients from 18 to 25 years old, is combined with acne.

Dry form of seborrhea is less common, usually affects the hairy areas of the skin and is characterized by reduced sebum secretion.Such seborrhea can be caused by a lack of sex hormones or a decrease in the sensitivity of the sebaceous glands to them. This type of seborrhea is also common in children. With a dry form, the sebaceous glands secrete too little sebum, the skin dries out. The disease is accompanied by brittle hair, they become dry, thinner, split at the ends, and fall out. Dry horny scales of the epidermis constantly flake off – dandruff almost completely covers the scalp and hair, which is caused by the activity of saprophytes, which disrupt the process of keratinization of the upper layer of the skin.Severe flaking is accompanied by a feeling of tightness and itching, and clogged pores can cause blackheads. The affected areas of the skin may be covered with pinkish patches.

Complications of dry seborrhea are associated with skin infection with various microbes. For example, colonization of the scalp with ptyrosporumovale fungi leads to severe dandruff, accompanied by itching.

Mixed seborrhea combines the symptoms of two other forms of seborrhea (dry and oily): oily seborrhea symptoms are observed on the face, and dry seborrhea symptoms are observed in the scalp.

Seborrheic keratosis (basal cell papillomas) is a type of seborrhea. This condition is also called seborrheic keratoma or seborrheic wart. It is a benign formation that arises on the surface of the epidermis and never degenerates into a malignant one. In most cases, the disease affects men over 30 years old. Outwardly, seborrheic keratosis resembles some flat nodules covered with hard brown scales.

Description

Sebum (sebum) is a complex of fats, fatty acids and proteins secreted by the sebaceous glands. It is important for health: it softens the skin, protects it from drying out, and has a strong antimicrobial effect. Sebum is produced by the sebaceous glands, the amount of which is enormous. In some areas of the body surface, there are several hundred of them per square centimeter. The glands have a branched tree-like structure. Their outlets usually adhere to the hair, and the secreted oil softens and moisturizes the hair.In excess, it can clog follicular orifices, interfering with hair growth.

Not all sebaceous glands work at the same time. The number of active (working) sebaceous glands depends on age, sex, hormonal status (for example, on the phase of the menstrual cycle in women), and finally, on the climate.

In children, most of the sebaceous glands are in a “dormant” state and begin to work only during puberty. The signal for the start of their work in adolescents is an increase in the level of sex hormones in the blood.In a healthy adult, the number of working sebaceous glands remains constant for a long time and decreases with age.

The density of the sebaceous glands on human skin is not the same. In the so-called “seborrheic zones” (face, forehead, scalp, ears, chest, interscapular region, shoulders), the density of the sebaceous glands is especially high. It is in these places that seborrhea most often develops.

If a healthy person produces up to 200 grams of sebum in seven days, then a person suffering from seborrhea produces at least one and a half times more.With seborrhea, a change in the chemical composition of sebum is observed, which reduces the protective properties of the skin, creates favorable conditions for the development of infection. The reason for such deviations is an imbalance in fat metabolism caused by hormonal changes, disorders of the nervous system, and other health problems.

The influence of the hormonal factor – an increase in the level of androgens (male hormones) and a decrease in estrogens (female hormones) – is especially characteristic of puberty.Most of all suffer from seborrhea at the age of 12 to 24 years: increased secretion of sebum with a changed chemical composition begins. This seborrhea is called physiological, and it goes away with the end of puberty.

But hormonal changes determine the development of seborrhea in other cases. Since the most powerful stimulators of the sebaceous glands are male hormones (androgens), seborrhea is very often observed in men. And its exacerbation may be the reason for examination for seminoma (testicular tumor).

Hormonal disruptions in the body of women – an increase in the blood levels of male sex hormones and progesterone and a decrease in estrogen levels – can also cause seborrhea. It can manifest itself during ovarian disease, obesity, and menopause.

The genetic factor can contribute to the appearance of seborrhea: often the disease is “family” in nature.

Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, as well as chronic infectious diseases, can also provoke the development of pathology; it occurs against the background of such pathologies as Parkinson’s disease, schizophrenia, epilepsy, as a result of taking anabolic steroids to increase muscle mass.

Abuse of sweet, spicy and salty foods, a lack of vitamins and minerals in the diet (hypovitaminosis) has an adverse effect on metabolism. A certain negative role is played by non-compliance with the rules of personal hygiene.

Diagnostics

Diagnosis of seborrhea does not present any particular difficulties directly at the reception of a trichologist or dermatologist. Most often, to clarify the diagnosis, a blood test for hormones, a biochemical blood test, an ultrasound examination of the thyroid gland and abdominal organs, computer diagnostics of hair are prescribed.But before prescribing treatment, it is important for a trichologist or dermatologist to establish the cause of seborrhea.

Treatment

Seborrhea can be an independent disease, but it can develop against the background of a number of other diseases, without the treatment of which it is impossible to eliminate the problem. Therefore, you should not be surprised if a trichologist directs you to a consultation with a dermatologist, gynecologist, andrologist, endocrinologist or neurologist.

If seborrhea is caused by hormonal problems, then with a severe course of oily seborrhea, under the control of an endocrinologist, treatment with female sex hormones and their synthetic analogues is carried out.A pronounced effect in women can be obtained using external agents containing estrogens (female sex hormones). These drugs should be used two days after the end of menstruation and finished one week before the next. Men should use topical estrogen for 6 to 8 weeks.

Depending on the cause of the development of seborrhea, the doctor prescribes a complex treatment. For example, to normalize the function of the gastrointestinal tract, not only medications are recommended, but also a diet devoid of coarse fats, limiting carbohydrates, table salt, cholesterol-containing foods.In ENT pathology, therapy is carried out for foci of infection – chronic tonsillitis, sinusitis, and so on. In addition, a course of vitamin therapy is individually prescribed (vitamins A, C, D, E, vitamins of group B, as well as preparations of sulfur, arsenic, iron, phosphorus). Regular exercise, walking, and adequate sleep are recommended.

Local treatment of oily seborrhea begins with wiping the skin with aqueous 1-2% solutions of sodium thiosulfate, sodium tetraborate or sodium bicarbonate, and purified sulfur preparations.As they get rid of acute phenomena, they switch to alcohol solutions with tincture of valerian, lily of the valley, hawthorn, solutions with tannin, resorcinol, salicylic and boric acids. With pronounced sebum secretion, rubbing with camphor, salicylic alcohol is recommended. You can powder your face with talcum powder with zinc oxide or powder with sulfur, wipe with boric acid.

Shampoos for those suffering from seborrhea, as well as balms and hair tonics, must contain medicinal components.They can be divided into groups: keratolytics (exfoliating), cytostatics (inhibiting the growth of epidermal cells), corticosteroids, antifungal, antipruritic and anti-inflammatory drugs. Corticosteroids are usually prescribed for severe seborrheic dermatitis.

According to indications, antifungal agents are used, and if seborrhea is accompanied by itching, then bactericidal agents are used to prevent infection. Products containing sebum secretion correctors, such as sulfur preparations, are successfully combating the disease, which, in addition, reduce inflammation.

The use of selenium sulfide improves the renewal of epidermal cells and inhibits the breakdown of lipids (fats). Common tar blocks lipid synthesis, slowing down the accelerated division of epidermal cells. Salicylic acid has anti-inflammatory and exfoliating (keratolytic) effects.

Attempts to get rid of unpleasant phenomena by more frequent shampooing with any seborrhea do not give the desired result, and more often worsen the condition. Especially if a person suffers from dry seborrhea: all means that degrease the skin and hair are only harmful.

Local treatment of dry seborrhea involves rubbing the skin with 1% aqueous solution of hydrochloric or acetic acid, sodium tetraborate and sodium bicarbonate, 70% salicylic solution, solutions of boric and citric acids; lubrication with shaken suspensions with sulfur, ichthyol. After the disappearance of acute phenomena, exfoliating drugs are prescribed to help separate comedones. Useful for dry seborrhea are creams with vitamins A, E, F, with medicinal herbs, as well as with furacilin, sulfur and boric acid.Preparations containing selenium sulfide (sulsen soap, sulsen paste) have a beneficial effect.

In the mixed form of seborrhea, the external drugs mentioned above are combined – ointments and alcohol solutions. A temporary improvement is provided by rubbing naphthalan paste with alcohol, as well as preparations containing sulsen.

Before starting local treatment, you should definitely consult with a trichologist – there are no universal remedies for dealing with any problem, and the doctor will help you make the right choice of a remedy for individual indications.

All those suffering from seborrhea are advised to change their hair brushes and combs to new ones, and change their headgear.

Lifestyle

Those who have a well-established diet, who have the character to limit the consumption of sweets, fatty and fried foods, hot spices, and salt, are less likely to get seborrhea. And also for those who understand that drinking coffee, beer and alcoholic beverages in general increases sebum secretion and provokes manifestations of seborrhea.But fruits, vegetables, bran bread have a positive effect on the condition of the hair.

It is very important to avoid stress. It is recommended to spend more time outdoors, do not neglect physical exercises, do not forget about taking vitamin and mineral complexes. And it’s better not to smoke.

It is necessary to ensure that the room is not humid and hot, the air-conditioned air of offices is not useful for the hair, you should limit the visit to the bathhouse, sauna, do not get carried away with drying your hair with a hairdryer. It is harmful to “pull” hair.

Frequent blow-drying has a negative effect on the hair: it becomes dry, brittle, and loses elasticity. A compromise solution is to dry with hot air, leaving the hair a little damp, and dry it by switching the temperature controller one unit lower. If you cannot refuse daily use of a hair dryer, do not forget about special sprays containing so-called thermal protective factors.

In the summer, you just need to protect your hair with sunscreens.Ultraviolet light reduces the strength of the structural protein of the hair shaft – keratin, dries out the hair, and if it is also dyed, the color may change. Unfortunately, shampoos and conditioners containing sunscreens are not very effective – they simply rinse off with the water. Therefore, it is best to use waterproof air conditioners with sunscreens. Styling products containing UV filters will also protect you.

If you intend to swim in the pool and sunbathe, be sure to rinse the chlorinated water from your hair after each bath, even if you have used a bathing cap.Chlorine is dangerous for hair, especially when swimming in chlorinated water is combined with sun exposure. Before going sailing, use a protective spray. At the end of the day, wash your hair and condition your hair.

In hot and cold weather, the hair must be protected with a headgear, while the hair must “breathe”.

Prevention

Seborrhea prevention measures include careful and consistent care of problem skin and hair using suitable cosmetics.