What are some effective ways to rehydrate quickly. How can you replace fluid and electrolytes lost due to dehydration. What foods and beverages can aid in rehydration.

Water: The Gold Standard for Rehydration

While it may seem obvious, drinking water is often the best and most affordable way to stay hydrated and rehydrate. Unlike many other beverages, water contains no added sugars or calories, making it an ideal choice for quenching thirst throughout the day or specifically after activities that cause heavy sweating, such as an intense workout, sauna session, or hot yoga class. It’s worth noting that some individuals may lose more sodium through their sweat than others, a condition known as “salty sweating.” These individuals may need to replace not just the fluid lost, but also the sodium, particularly after prolonged or intense exercise in hot environments. However, for most people, a balanced diet can easily replenish the sodium lost through sweat, and water alone is sufficient for rehydration.

Sports Drinks: A Balance of Fluids and Electrolytes

Sports drinks, which contain water, electrolytes, and other ingredients, can also be effective at helping you rehydrate or stay hydrated during intense exercise or in hot weather. These drinks may be especially appealing if you enjoy the taste, as this can encourage you to drink more. However, it’s important to check the ingredients, as some sports drinks are high in calories, added sugars, or artificial sweeteners, which may not be beneficial for your overall health. The decision to choose a sports drink over water ultimately depends on your personal preferences and the specific circumstances.

Milk: A Nutrient-Rich Rehydration Option

In addition to providing a host of essential nutrients, milk has excellent hydrating properties. Milk naturally contains high concentrations of electrolytes, which help balance the amount of water in your body. Research has shown that skim and low-fat milk can rehydrate you as effectively as popular sports drinks after intense exercise, all while providing protein and other important nutrients. The high-quality protein in milk also makes it an ideal post-exercise beverage for kick-starting muscle repair and the rebuilding process. However, it’s important to note that consuming milk after exercise may cause stomach discomfort, such as bloating, and it may not be suitable for individuals with lactose intolerance or a milk protein allergy. Additionally, full-fat milk may not be the best option if you are experiencing diarrhea or vomiting.

Fruits and Vegetables: Nature’s Hydrating Powerhouses

Fruits and vegetables, which are 80-99% water, make for an excellent hydrating snack. In contrast, highly processed foods like cookies, crackers, cereals, and chips contain only 1-9% water. Some of the fruits and vegetables with the highest water content include berries, melons, oranges, grapes, carrots, lettuce, and cabbage. Stocking up on a variety of fresh fruits and vegetables, or keeping frozen options on hand, can provide a nutrient-packed and hydrating boost. Frozen fruits and vegetables are just as nutritious as their fresh counterparts, and in some cases, they may even be more so, as they are frozen shortly after harvesting, which helps retain their nutrient content.

Oral Rehydration Solutions: Targeted Rehydration for Specific Conditions

Oral rehydration solutions are specialized formulas used to prevent and treat dehydration caused by diarrhea or vomiting. These solutions are designed to quickly replenish fluids and electrolytes lost through these conditions. In addition to their use in treating diarrhea and vomiting, oral rehydration solutions have also been promoted to aid in exercise recovery and prevent or treat dehydration in other situations.

Recognizing the Signs of Dehydration

It’s important to be aware of the signs and symptoms of dehydration, as prompt rehydration is crucial to prevent the damaging effects. Some common signs of dehydration include thirst, dry mouth, fatigue, headaches, dizziness, and dark yellow urine. If you experience these symptoms, it’s important to take steps to rehydrate as soon as possible, such as drinking water, consuming hydrating foods, or using an oral rehydration solution.

Staying Hydrated: A Holistic Approach

Maintaining proper hydration is essential for overall health and well-being. While water is often the best and most accessible option, a variety of hydrating foods and beverages, such as milk, fruits, and vegetables, can also play a role in keeping your body properly hydrated. By understanding the different ways to rehydrate and recognizing the signs of dehydration, you can take a proactive approach to staying hydrated and supporting your body’s optimal function.

How to Rehydrate: 6 Helpful Tips

Your body needs hydration to function. In addition to water, there are several fast ways to cure dehydration and rebalance your body, such as oral rehydration solutions and fruit.

It’s important to rehydrate after any activity that causes heavy sweating, such as an intense workout, sauna session, or hot yoga class.

Rehydrating is also crucial for preventing the damaging effects of dehydration if you have diarrhea or are recovering from a night out.

This article explains some ways to rehydrate quickly at home and some tips on how to recognize dehydration.

While it likely comes as no surprise, drinking water is most often the best and cheapest way to stay hydrated and rehydrate.

Unlike many other beverages, water contains no added sugars or calories, making it ideal to drink throughout the day or specifically when you need to rehydrate, such as after a workout.

It’s worth noting that a variety of factors, including genetics, cause some people to lose more sodium via their sweat than others. You might be a “salty sweater” if you get frequent muscle cramps with exercise or if your sweat stings your eyes.

If either of these apply to you, make sure to replace not just the fluid you lose through sweat but also the sodium, particularly after intense or long bouts of exercise in hot environments.

That said, unless you’re participating in a long, intense activity like an ultra-endurance event in a hot environment, the sodium you lose through sweat can easily be replaced through a balanced diet.

Summary

For most people, drinking water is sufficient to rehydrate. If you’re a salty sweater, be sure to replace both the sodium and fluid you lose through sweat, preferably through a balanced diet.

Sports drinks contain water, electrolytes, and other ingredients. Some of these drinks may be as effective as water at helping you rehydrate or stay hydrated in hot weather or during intense exercise. If you like the taste, you may also be inclined to drink more.

It’s worth noting that some sports drinks are high in calories, added sugars or artificial sweeteners, which may not benefit your overall health. Check the ingredients before you choose a sports drink.

Should you drink sports drinks instead of water?

Summary

Sports drinks have a similar effect to water, but they may be high in calories and have added sugars and artificial sweeteners. Check the ingredients first.

In addition to supplying a host of nutrients, milk has excellent hydrating properties.

Milk naturally contains high concentrations of electrolytes, which help balance the amount of water in your body.

Research has shown that skim and low fat milk rehydrate you as well as popular sports drinks after intense exercise, all while providing protein and other important nutrients.

The high quality protein in milk also makes it an ideal post-exercise beverage for kick-starting muscle repair and the rebuilding process.

Just keep in mind that consuming milk after exercise may cause stomach discomfort like bloating. Plus, it’s not suitable for people with an intolerance to lactose or certain milk proteins.

Full fat milk in particular might also not be a good option if you have diarrhea or vomiting, as it could worsen these symptoms.

Is milk good for dehydration?

Summary

Skim and low fat milk can be used as an effective post-workout or general rehydration beverage if you don’t have lactose intolerance or a milk protein allergy.

Comprising 80–99% water, fruits and vegetables make for a perfect hydrating snack.

For comparison, highly processed foods like cookies, crackers, cereals, and chips contain only 1–9% water.

Fruits and vegetables with the highest water content include:

• berries
• melons
• oranges
• grapes
• carrots
• lettuce
• cabbage
• spinach

Stock up on a variety of fresh fruits and vegetables and keep cubed watermelon in your fridge for easy and convenient access.

Frozen fruits and vegetables are just as nutritious as their fresh counterparts, and in some cases, they’re more nutritious.

It can take days or weeks before fresh fruits and vegetables make it to your plate. During that time, oxidation can cause nutrient loss. On the other hand, frozen fruits and vegetables are frozen shortly after harvesting, which retains most of their nutrients.

For example, one study showed that frozen green beans and blueberries contained more vitamin C than their fresh counterparts.

Try making a hydrating, nutrient-packed smoothie by combining your favorite fresh or frozen fruits and vegetables in a blender along with milk or Greek yogurt.

Which foods help you stay hydrated?

Summary

Due to their high water content, both fresh and frozen fruits and vegetables make a perfect hydrating snack.

Oral rehydration solutions are specialized formulas used to prevent and treat dehydration caused by diarrhea or vomiting.

They have also been promoted to bolster exercise recovery and prevent or treat hangovers.

These solutions are water-based and commonly contain electrolytes like sodium, chloride, and potassium, as well as sugar, typically in the form of dextrose. Some commercial solutions also contain other ingredients like prebiotics and zinc.

While these rehydration drinks help replace lost fluids and electrolytes, they can be expensive.

Fortunately, you can make your own using these common kitchen ingredients:

• 34 ounces (1 liter) of water
• 6 teaspoons of sugar
• 1/2 teaspoon of salt

Combine them in a large bowl or pot and stir until the sugar and salt dissolve. You can use flavor enhancers to improve the taste if desired — just keep in mind that they may contain artificial sweeteners and flavors.

What’s the best way to use an oral rehydration solution?

Summary

Oral hydration solutions contain water, electrolytes, and sugar. You can make your own simple rehydration solution at home using water, salt, and sugar.

Coffee and tea contain the stimulant caffeine, which can acts like a diuretic in high amounts.

While not as rehydrating as water, moderate amounts of coffee and tea can help you stay hydrated.

Caffeine becomes dehydrating only in doses around 250–300 mg, the equivalent of two to three 8-ounce (240-ml) cups of coffee, or five to eight 8-ounce (240-ml) cups of tea.

In a study, 50 regular coffee drinkers drank 4 cups (800 ml) of coffee containing 1.8 mg of caffeine per pound (4 mg per kg) of body weight daily. The authors observed no significant differences between coffee and water in regards to hydrating ability.

If you don’t like these beverages plain, try adding unsweetened almond milk to your coffee, or herbs and spices like cinnamon, nutmeg, or lemongrass to your tea.

Does coffee dehydrate you?

Summary

Drinking moderate amounts of coffee and tea have similar hydrating properties as water. Plus, their caffeine content may give you an energy boost.

Share on Pinterest

Every cell, tissue, and organ in your body requires water to function.

Water helps regulate body temperature, lubricate joints, transport nutrients, remove waste, and circulate blood. That means your body can’t properly perform these functions if you’re dehydrated, which happens when you lose more fluids than you take in.

For example, you can become dehydrated from sweating, vomiting, experiencing diarrhea, or taking diuretic medications that increase fluid loss.

Certain populations are more prone to dehydration than others, including children, older adults, and people with certain medical conditions like diabetes and kidney disease.

The signs and symptoms of dehydration include:

• increased thirst
• dry mouth
• infrequent urination
• dry skin
• tiredness
• dizziness
• headache

Urine color is also a common indicator of hydration status. Generally, the paler the color, the better hydrated you are. That said, the color can change for reasons other than your hydration status, including diet, certain medications, and some medical conditions.

Are you dehydrated? Your pee color can give you a clue.

What is the quickest way to rehydrate your body?

Water is the best option for rehydrating your body, but oral rehydration solutions also provide essential electrolytes. These may be useful if you are dehydrated due to diarrhea or vomiting, or if you have been exercising intensely.

Severe dehydration may need medical treatment, where a doctor provides fluid intravenously.

How long does it take to rehydrate your body?

When you drink water, your body starts absorbing it after 5 minutes, and peak absorption can take 15–60 minutes, according to a 2012 study.

This will depend on several factors, such as how much fluid you take in, what type of fluid, how dehydrated you were to start with, and whether the cause of dehydration, such as diarrhea, has gone away.

How long does it take for water to go through your body?

What’s the best way to rehydrate after drinking alcohol?

Water is effective, but oral rehydration solutions can also help relieve dehydration if you have a hangover.

How can you stay hydrated overnight?

Being hydrated can help you sleep better, but it can also mean you need to pee more during the night. Tips for nighttime hydration include:

• drinking sips of water for the last 2 hours before bedtime and if you wake up in the night
• limiting alcohol consumption
• making sure the room is cool enough so you don’t sweat
• eating plenty of whole fruits and vegetables during the day so you don’t go to bed dehydrated

Dehydration occurs when your body loses more fluids than it takes in. For most people, drinking water is the best way to stay hydrated and rehydrate.

Other options include:

• sports drinks
• coffee or tea
• milk
• fruits and vegetables
• oral rehydration solutions

Don’t hesitate to seek medical advice if you or someone else is experiencing symptoms of dehydration, such as dizziness. Severe dehydration is a life threatening emergency and needs urgent medical attention.

How to Rehydrate: 6 Helpful Tips

Your body needs hydration to function. In addition to water, there are several fast ways to cure dehydration and rebalance your body, such as oral rehydration solutions and fruit.

It’s important to rehydrate after any activity that causes heavy sweating, such as an intense workout, sauna session, or hot yoga class.

Rehydrating is also crucial for preventing the damaging effects of dehydration if you have diarrhea or are recovering from a night out.

This article explains some ways to rehydrate quickly at home and some tips on how to recognize dehydration.

While it likely comes as no surprise, drinking water is most often the best and cheapest way to stay hydrated and rehydrate.

Unlike many other beverages, water contains no added sugars or calories, making it ideal to drink throughout the day or specifically when you need to rehydrate, such as after a workout.

It’s worth noting that a variety of factors, including genetics, cause some people to lose more sodium via their sweat than others. You might be a “salty sweater” if you get frequent muscle cramps with exercise or if your sweat stings your eyes.

If either of these apply to you, make sure to replace not just the fluid you lose through sweat but also the sodium, particularly after intense or long bouts of exercise in hot environments.

That said, unless you’re participating in a long, intense activity like an ultra-endurance event in a hot environment, the sodium you lose through sweat can easily be replaced through a balanced diet.

Summary

For most people, drinking water is sufficient to rehydrate. If you’re a salty sweater, be sure to replace both the sodium and fluid you lose through sweat, preferably through a balanced diet.

Sports drinks contain water, electrolytes, and other ingredients. Some of these drinks may be as effective as water at helping you rehydrate or stay hydrated in hot weather or during intense exercise. If you like the taste, you may also be inclined to drink more.

It’s worth noting that some sports drinks are high in calories, added sugars or artificial sweeteners, which may not benefit your overall health. Check the ingredients before you choose a sports drink.

Should you drink sports drinks instead of water?

Summary

Sports drinks have a similar effect to water, but they may be high in calories and have added sugars and artificial sweeteners. Check the ingredients first.

In addition to supplying a host of nutrients, milk has excellent hydrating properties.

Milk naturally contains high concentrations of electrolytes, which help balance the amount of water in your body.

Research has shown that skim and low fat milk rehydrate you as well as popular sports drinks after intense exercise, all while providing protein and other important nutrients.

The high quality protein in milk also makes it an ideal post-exercise beverage for kick-starting muscle repair and the rebuilding process.

Just keep in mind that consuming milk after exercise may cause stomach discomfort like bloating. Plus, it’s not suitable for people with an intolerance to lactose or certain milk proteins.

Full fat milk in particular might also not be a good option if you have diarrhea or vomiting, as it could worsen these symptoms.

Is milk good for dehydration?

Summary

Skim and low fat milk can be used as an effective post-workout or general rehydration beverage if you don’t have lactose intolerance or a milk protein allergy.

Comprising 80–99% water, fruits and vegetables make for a perfect hydrating snack.

For comparison, highly processed foods like cookies, crackers, cereals, and chips contain only 1–9% water.

Fruits and vegetables with the highest water content include:

• berries
• melons
• oranges
• grapes
• carrots
• lettuce
• cabbage
• spinach

Stock up on a variety of fresh fruits and vegetables and keep cubed watermelon in your fridge for easy and convenient access.

Frozen fruits and vegetables are just as nutritious as their fresh counterparts, and in some cases, they’re more nutritious.

It can take days or weeks before fresh fruits and vegetables make it to your plate. During that time, oxidation can cause nutrient loss. On the other hand, frozen fruits and vegetables are frozen shortly after harvesting, which retains most of their nutrients.

For example, one study showed that frozen green beans and blueberries contained more vitamin C than their fresh counterparts.

Try making a hydrating, nutrient-packed smoothie by combining your favorite fresh or frozen fruits and vegetables in a blender along with milk or Greek yogurt.

Which foods help you stay hydrated?

Summary

Due to their high water content, both fresh and frozen fruits and vegetables make a perfect hydrating snack.

Oral rehydration solutions are specialized formulas used to prevent and treat dehydration caused by diarrhea or vomiting.

They have also been promoted to bolster exercise recovery and prevent or treat hangovers.

These solutions are water-based and commonly contain electrolytes like sodium, chloride, and potassium, as well as sugar, typically in the form of dextrose. Some commercial solutions also contain other ingredients like prebiotics and zinc.

While these rehydration drinks help replace lost fluids and electrolytes, they can be expensive.

Fortunately, you can make your own using these common kitchen ingredients:

• 34 ounces (1 liter) of water
• 6 teaspoons of sugar
• 1/2 teaspoon of salt

Combine them in a large bowl or pot and stir until the sugar and salt dissolve. You can use flavor enhancers to improve the taste if desired — just keep in mind that they may contain artificial sweeteners and flavors.

What’s the best way to use an oral rehydration solution?

Summary

Oral hydration solutions contain water, electrolytes, and sugar. You can make your own simple rehydration solution at home using water, salt, and sugar.

Coffee and tea contain the stimulant caffeine, which can acts like a diuretic in high amounts.

While not as rehydrating as water, moderate amounts of coffee and tea can help you stay hydrated.

Caffeine becomes dehydrating only in doses around 250–300 mg, the equivalent of two to three 8-ounce (240-ml) cups of coffee, or five to eight 8-ounce (240-ml) cups of tea.

In a study, 50 regular coffee drinkers drank 4 cups (800 ml) of coffee containing 1.8 mg of caffeine per pound (4 mg per kg) of body weight daily. The authors observed no significant differences between coffee and water in regards to hydrating ability.

If you don’t like these beverages plain, try adding unsweetened almond milk to your coffee, or herbs and spices like cinnamon, nutmeg, or lemongrass to your tea.

Does coffee dehydrate you?

Summary

Drinking moderate amounts of coffee and tea have similar hydrating properties as water. Plus, their caffeine content may give you an energy boost.

Share on Pinterest

Every cell, tissue, and organ in your body requires water to function.

Water helps regulate body temperature, lubricate joints, transport nutrients, remove waste, and circulate blood. That means your body can’t properly perform these functions if you’re dehydrated, which happens when you lose more fluids than you take in.

For example, you can become dehydrated from sweating, vomiting, experiencing diarrhea, or taking diuretic medications that increase fluid loss.

Certain populations are more prone to dehydration than others, including children, older adults, and people with certain medical conditions like diabetes and kidney disease.

The signs and symptoms of dehydration include:

• increased thirst
• dry mouth
• infrequent urination
• dry skin
• tiredness
• dizziness
• headache

Urine color is also a common indicator of hydration status. Generally, the paler the color, the better hydrated you are. That said, the color can change for reasons other than your hydration status, including diet, certain medications, and some medical conditions.

Are you dehydrated? Your pee color can give you a clue.

What is the quickest way to rehydrate your body?

Water is the best option for rehydrating your body, but oral rehydration solutions also provide essential electrolytes. These may be useful if you are dehydrated due to diarrhea or vomiting, or if you have been exercising intensely.

Severe dehydration may need medical treatment, where a doctor provides fluid intravenously.

How long does it take to rehydrate your body?

When you drink water, your body starts absorbing it after 5 minutes, and peak absorption can take 15–60 minutes, according to a 2012 study.

This will depend on several factors, such as how much fluid you take in, what type of fluid, how dehydrated you were to start with, and whether the cause of dehydration, such as diarrhea, has gone away.

How long does it take for water to go through your body?

What’s the best way to rehydrate after drinking alcohol?

Water is effective, but oral rehydration solutions can also help relieve dehydration if you have a hangover.

How can you stay hydrated overnight?

Being hydrated can help you sleep better, but it can also mean you need to pee more during the night. Tips for nighttime hydration include:

• drinking sips of water for the last 2 hours before bedtime and if you wake up in the night
• limiting alcohol consumption
• making sure the room is cool enough so you don’t sweat
• eating plenty of whole fruits and vegetables during the day so you don’t go to bed dehydrated

Dehydration occurs when your body loses more fluids than it takes in. For most people, drinking water is the best way to stay hydrated and rehydrate.

Other options include:

• sports drinks
• coffee or tea
• milk
• fruits and vegetables
• oral rehydration solutions

Don’t hesitate to seek medical advice if you or someone else is experiencing symptoms of dehydration, such as dizziness. Severe dehydration is a life threatening emergency and needs urgent medical attention.

Dehydration and its symptoms

Moscow

Health

Adviсe

Dehydration percentage:

• 1% – intense thirst, headache, general malaise;
• 5% – dizziness, nausea, fatigue, shortness of breath;
• 10% – convulsions, cell death;
• 20% – death.

1

During illness, especially in case of poisoning and SARS, drink much more than usual, and not only hot tea, popular in such situations, but also just clean water;

class=”li_div”>

2

When exercising and in hot weather, also increase the intake of water that is lost through sweat;

class=”li_div”>

3

Don’t tolerate being thirsty – always have a small bottle of water with you. And even better – a stylish and compact AQUAPHOR City filter bottle.

class=”li_div”>

class=”ol_div”>

• 09 April 2018

  93

  Is water an energy drink?

  • Health

  • Beauty

• December 05, 2022

  97

  How to remove iron in water from a well

  • Tips

  • Dacha

• March 30, 2018

  117

  What to give the child to drink?

  • Health

  • Tips

  • Children

• 01 June 2022

  71

  Water helps to lose weight

  • Beauty

  • Tips

• 02 April 2020

  64

  How to drink water during the coronavirus period?

  • Health

  • Tips

• April 07, 2018

  88

  Is bottled water safe?

  • Health

• September 08, 2017

  106

  Bath recipes: therapeutic baths at home

  • Health

  • Beauty

• April 10, 2020

  83

  3 simple water experiments for children

  • Tips

  • Children

• March 20, 2020

  79

  Risk factors during the coronavirus period. And what about the water?

  • Health

  • Tips

Application for video consultation

1

messenger for communication

2

contact details

3

date selection

Application sent 90 003

Our employee will conduct a video consultation at the selected time

symptoms, causes, complications, treatments

1. How dehydration occurs
2. Causes of dehydration
3. Additional factors
4. What happens when you get dehydrated
5. Dehydration types
6. Symptoms
7. Diagnostics
8. Treatment for dehydration
9. Prophylaxis
10. Making a rehydrating solution at home

Image by Freepik

Dehydration is a state of increased loss of moisture from the body. Otherwise, this condition is called dehydration or exsicosis. It is characterized by thirst, dry skin, decreased urine output. As the moisture deficit increases, the patient’s blood pressure decreases, the skin becomes pale, there are disturbances in consciousness, pathological changes in the blood composition – an increase in hematocrit. This is the name for an increase in the volume of red blood cells relative to the volume of the liquid part of the blood.

Dehydration is a dangerous condition in which the body needs an urgent restoration of water and electrolyte balance.

How dehydration occurs

Dehydration occurs when the liquid drops to 40–50 ml/kg. In this case, body weight decreases by 4-5% due to the loss of water. In the body, it is found in the blood, cells of organs and tissues, and intercellular space. If water loss as a result of exsicosis reaches 20-25%, tissue ischemia begins – a violation of the blood supply to organs and tissues due to an increase in hematocrit.

Causes of dehydration

Exicosis most often occurs against the background of various diseases and pathological conditions. Among them:

• intestinal infections that cause vomiting and upset stools;

• burns of the second or more degree, in which there is an extensive release of exudate;

• diseases that are accompanied by fever and increased sweating;

• insufficient fluid intake with food;

• diseases accompanied by shortness of breath, in which the body loses moisture due to the release of water vapor.

The most common cause of dehydration is intestinal infections. Up to 48% of all clinical cases of exsicosis are associated with such diseases. They pose the greatest danger to young children. Frequent vomiting and loose stools lead to rapid loss of moisture, which causes dehydration. In countries with a low standard of living and a high incidence of intestinal infections, excoses are one of the main causes of death of young children under the age of 5–6 years.

With extensive burns, a large amount of exudate is released. If the patient does not receive fluid replacement therapy, a fluid deficiency develops.

Increased sweating at elevated body temperature requires control of the drinking regimen. This is especially important if the patient is in a warm room.

Insufficient fluid intake with meals can lead to dehydration if a person voluntarily or deliberately restricts drinking. About one and a half liters of water the body loses per day with sweat, defecation and urination. If the fluid intake is below normal, exsicosis develops.

Dehydration associated with shortness of breath occurs in patients with respiratory and cardiac pathologies. This phenomenon in healthy people is observed when traveling to high mountainous areas due to changes in the composition of the air.

Additional factors

Even healthy people who live in hot regions, do intensive sports or physical labor in hot weather, and stay in the mountains face a moisture deficiency in the body. To avoid dehydration, it is necessary to consume enough water, fresh vegetables and fruits.

Patients taking diuretics and people on mechanical ventilation are also at risk. To prevent exsicosis, patients on mechanical ventilation are injected with saline solutions and moisten the respiratory mixture that enters the body.

What happens when you get dehydrated

When the body loses a lot of moisture, blood viscosity changes first of all. It increases against the background of a decrease in plasma volume. This negatively affects the blood supply to organs and tissues, including the brain. Dehydration leads to an electrolyte imbalance, a decrease in the amount of mineral salts. A decrease in the concentration of potassium, calcium and sodium ions leads to a disruption in the work of the heart.

A patient with severe dehydration has acidosis, which is characterized by an acid-base imbalance. The pH formula shifts to the acid side. This leads to repeated vomiting, after which the person develops metabolic alkalosis. It is manifested by various disorders in the work of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems.

Dehydration types

The classification of exicoses includes their division into several groups depending on the severity of the course, the cause of the development of the pathology, the presence or absence of complications.

The severity of dehydration is mild, moderate and severe. It can be caused by external and internal causes, pass with complications and without them.

When choosing therapy, experts pay attention to the ratio of the loss of mineral salts and water. On this basis, three forms of dehydration are distinguished:

• hypoosmolar. It is characterized by a rapid loss of salts with a slow development of water deficiency. This leads to the rapid onset of negative symptoms from the central nervous system. The patient’s blood circulation is disturbed, signs of a neurological disorder appear;

• hyperosmolar. Fluid loss occurs faster than electrolyte loss. Due to this, their concentration increases. With this type of dehydration, pronounced symptoms appear only with a significant deficit of moisture;

• isosmolar. The loss of water and salts is about the same. The patient has a decrease in the amount of urine excreted, may decrease blood pressure (BP) and central venous pressure.

Symptoms

Each degree of dehydration is characterized by special signs:

• mild degree. The patient is thirsty, the pulse remains normal, may become more frequent. Skin and mucous membranes are unchanged. On the part of the nervous system, there may be signs of anxiety and anxiety;

• average degree. Externally, the pathology is manifested by dry skin and mucous membranes, a decrease in diuresis. The eyes become sunken, the patient’s pulse quickens, the pressure is increased or decreased by about 20% of the usual values. From the side of the central nervous system, both anxiety and lethargy can be observed;

• severe degree. Pronounced fluid deficiency causes neurological disorders. The patient is very lethargic and practically does not react to anything. Breathing becomes difficult, blood pressure is greatly reduced, tachycardia is characteristic. The skin looks pale and has a bluish tint, it is cold to the touch.

Moderate to severe dehydration increases the risk of complications. First of all, they are associated with the formation of blood clots due to the high viscosity of the blood. When a thrombus clogs the vessels of vital organs, the patient may die or receive irreversible negative changes. Some people who survive severe dehydration develop chronic headaches, weakness, and reduced muscle mobility. Children have cognitive impairment.

Diagnostics

At the first signs of dehydration, it is necessary to contact a medical institution to a general practitioner, a general practitioner, a pediatrician. If dehydration is severe, an ambulance must be called to hospitalize the patient in a medical facility.

For the diagnosis of exicosis, the following are used:

• visual examination and questioning of the patient for the presence of vomiting, diarrhea;

• measurement of arterial and central venous pressure;

• blood test for electrolytes and hematocrit.

A decrease in central venous pressure and an increase in hematocrit above the age norm indicate fluid deficiency.

Treatment for dehydration

With mild dehydration, the patient is treated at home. With moderate and severe fluid deficiency, which are accompanied by changes in the central nervous system, circulatory disorders, hospitalization and intensive treatment are necessary.

The main ways to eliminate exsicosis are:

• the use of rehydrating solutions or large amounts of liquid with the addition of salt to restore water and electrolyte balance;

• intravenous infusion of glucose and saline solutions. It is used in conditions that are accompanied by severe vomiting. Fluid therapy will make up for the lack of fluid if the patient cannot drink it by mouth due to frequent vomiting.

Severe dehydration may require intensive care with a ventilator. With signs of tissue ischemia, neuroprotectors, potassium preparations, drugs to maintain the work of the heart are prescribed.

Treatment is continued until normalization of blood circulation and diuresis. To achieve stable results, it is important to identify the exact cause of the pathological condition and eliminate it.

As a rule, with a slight dehydration, it is possible to completely normalize the patient’s condition within 1-2 days. In moderate and severe dehydration, the prognosis depends on the severity. In some cases, the risk of developing serious violations of body functions, up to irreversible processes, increases.

Prophylaxis

To avoid dehydration, you need to know what factors provoke it, and take appropriate safety measures. This is, first of all, adequate intake of water and fluids. Its volume is from 1.5 liters per day and increases with intense physical exertion, in hot weather.

If the patient has diarrhea or vomiting, rehydration solutions should be used to prevent dehydration. You can buy them at a pharmacy or make your own at home. Pharmacy rehydrating solutions contain potassium chloride, sodium chloride and other mineral salts.

The funds are available in the form of a powder that dissolves in water and is taken orally to prevent water and electrolyte disorders. Powders contain flavoring additives, due to which the use of the drug does not cause discomfort in adults and children.

In addition to powders, rehydrating agents are available as infusion solutions.

Making a rehydrating solution at home

If it is not possible to buy a pharmacy product, it can be seen as a home analogue. To prepare the drink, you need a tablespoon of salt, a teaspoon of soda and two tablespoons of sugar.