Tubal Ligation Procedure | Female Sterilization

What is sterilization?

Want to make sure pregnancy is not in your future? Sterilization (sometimes called female sterilization, tubal ligation, or “getting your tubes tied”) is a safe and effective surgical procedure that permanently prevents pregnancy.

• Bilateral salpingectomy is a surgical procedure that removes your fallopian tubes entirely.
• Essure sterilization is a tiny coil that a doctor puts in your fallopian tubes to block them — it used to be a common form of sterilization, but Essure is no longer available in the U.S.

Every month, an egg leaves one of your ovaries (called ovulation). The egg moves through one of your fallopian tubes for a few days, waiting for sperm to come fertilize it. Pregnancy happens if a sperm cell meets up with one of your eggs, and the fertilized egg implants in your uterus. When your fallopian tubes are blocked or removed after a sterilization procedure, sperm can’t get to an egg and cause pregnancy.

You still get your period after sterilization — you just can’t get pregnant.

Is sterilization right for me?

Sterilization is permanent — you should only get sterilized if you’re totally sure you don’t want to be able to get pregnant for the rest of your life.

Sterilization may not be a good choice for you if:

• There’s any chance you’ll want to get pregnant in the future.

• You’re being pressured by your partner, friends, or family.

• You hope sterilization will solve problems that may be temporary — like marriage or sexual issues, short-term mental or physical illnesses, or money problems.

It’s safe for most people to get sterilized. Your doctor will talk with you about your health and life to help you decide if sterilization is right for you.

Does sterilization protect against STDs?

Nope. Sterilization won’t protect you or your partners from sexually transmitted infections. Use condoms to help lower your chances of getting or spreading STDs.

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Is a Tubal Ligation Procedure Safe & Is It Right For You?

Tubal ligation is very safe for most people, but all medical procedures have some risks. Sterilization is meant to be permanent, and usually can’t be reversed.

Is tubal ligation safe?

Tubal ligation (aka sterilization) is super safe, and very few people have complications. But like all medical procedures, there are possible risks.

In general, vasectomy (also called male sterilization) is an easier procedure and has fewer risks than female sterilization.

Can tubal ligation be reversed?

Sterilization procedures like tubal ligation are meant to be permanent, so it usually can’t be undone.

It’s sometimes possible to reverse a tubal ligation procedure, or use IVF (in-vitro fertilization) to get pregnant after sterilization, but there are no guarantees — you may still not be able to get pregnant. Tubal ligation reversal is a complicated surgery, and it can be very expensive.

Whether or not sterilization reversal works depends on things like when the procedure was done, how it healed, and the type of sterilization you got.

Before you decide on tubal ligation, think about any possible life changes that could affect you in the future — like a divorce, a new partner, or the death of your children.

You don’t need anyone’s permission to get sterilized, but it may be helpful to talk about it with your partner, or anyone else who can offer you support and advice. If you’re worried about being able to reverse a sterilization procedure, it might not be the best option for you.

There are other super effective ways to prevent pregnancy that aren’t permanent. IUDs and implants work almost as well as sterilization to prevent pregnancy. These methods of birth control last for a long time, but a nurse or doctor can easily remove them and your fertility quickly comes back.

What are the risks of tubal ligation?

Serious problems after sterilization procedures are rare. But call your doctor immediately if you:

• get a rash, swelling or have trouble breathing

• have a fever

• have severe, continuous pain in your belly

• have unusual discharge or odor from your vagina

• have fainting spells

• have bleeding or pus where the incision (cut) was made

There’s a chance that your fallopian tubes can reconnect or become unblocked after  tubal ligation, but this is really rare. If you get pregnant after tubal ligation, the pregnancy could develop in your fallopian tube — this is called ectopic pregnancy, and it’s very dangerous.

Signs of ectopic pregnancy include:

• irregular bleeding from your vagina

• severe pain in your belly or in your shoulder

• sudden weakness or fainting

If you think you may have an ectopic pregnancy, call your doctor or go to the emergency room right away.

Tubal ligation procedures are done through incisions (cuts in your skin) in your belly. These are very low-risk surgeries, but any kind of medical procedure can have complications. The risks of sterilization procedures include:

• bleeding

• bad reaction to general anesthesia (medicine sometimes used to put you to sleep during the procedure)

• infection, which is rare and can be treated with antibiotics

Very rarely, your bowel, bladder, uterus, or blood vessels can be injured, and you might need surgery to fix this.

Death caused by surgical sterilization is very, very rare — if it happens, it’s usually from a reaction to general anesthesia.

Your doctor will talk with you to help you figure out whether sterilization is safe for you.

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How do I get a tubal ligation procedure?

Many hospitals, private doctors, clinics, and Planned Parenthood health centers do tubal ligation. You may be able to get sterilized for free or at a low cost.

How much does tubal ligation cost?

Tubal ligation can cost between $0 to $6,000, including follow-up visits.

The cost of a tubal ligation varies and depends on where you get it, what kind you get, and whether or not you have health insurance that will cover some or all of the cost. Tubal ligation may be totally free (or low cost) with some health insurance plans, Medicaid, and other government programs.

Even if tubal ligation costs more than other methods up front, it usually ends up saving you money in the long run because it lasts forever. Vasectomies (aka male sterilization) are usually a lot cheaper than female sterilization.

If you’re worried about cost, check with your local Planned Parenthood health center to find out if they can hook you up with birth control that fits your budget.

Can I get free tubal ligation?

There’s a good chance you can get a tubal ligation for free (or at a reduced price) if you have health insurance. Because of the Affordable Care Act (aka Obamacare), most insurance plans must cover all methods of birth control with no cost to you, including some female sterilization procedures. Learn more about health insurance and birth control.

If you don’t have health insurance, you’ve still got options. Depending on your income and legal status in the U.S., you may be able to enroll in Medicaid or other state programs that can help you pay for birth control and other health care.

Planned Parenthood works to provide you with the services you need, whether or not you have insurance. Most Planned Parenthood health centers accept Medicaid and health insurance, and many charge less for services depending on your income. Contact your local Planned Parenthood health center for more information.

Where can I get a tubal ligation?

You can get a tubal ligation at a doctor’s office, hospital, or health clinic. Many Planned Parenthood health centers also do some types of sterilization procedures. If your local Planned Parenthood doesn’t do tubal ligation, they may be able to refer you to other health care providers in your area who do.

Some choose to get sterilized right after giving birth or having an abortion. Talk with your doctor ahead of time if you want to combine sterilization with another procedure.

Depending on where you live, there may be age restrictions or waiting periods to get a tubal ligation. You can ask about these when you call to make an appointment.

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Tubal Ligation | Johns Hopkins Medicine

What is tubal ligation?

Tubal ligation is surgical procedure to prevent pregnancy. It has commonly been called “getting your tubes tied.” It is also called a female sterilization.

• Tubal refers to the fallopian tubes. Each month, an egg is released from an ovary and travels through the fallopian tube to the uterus.
• Ligation means to tie off. This prevents the egg and male sperm from connecting to prevent pregnancy.

During this surgery, both fallopian tubes are blocked or cut. It is usually done in the hospital or in an outpatient surgical clinic. In most cases, you will be able to go home on the day of surgery. You may have this surgery done under general anesthesia (being asleep), or local or spinal anesthesia (anesthesia that leaves you awake, but unable to feel pain).

After the procedure, you will still have your periods and have sex normally. In fact, women may feel more at ease because they do not have to worry about unwanted pregnancy.

Tubal ligation is permanent birth control. Although it may be reversed by another operation, only about 50% to 80% of women are able to become pregnant after having their fallopian tubes reattached. This surgery doesn’t prevent sexually transmitted disease. You will still need to practice safe sex.

Why might I need a tubal ligation?

Choosing this form of birth control may be a good choice if:

• You are an adult woman
• You are in a stable relationship in which both partners have agreed to permanent birth control
• Pregnancy would be a health risk for you
• You or your partner has a genetic disorder that you don’t want to pass on to a child

This form of birth control may not be the best choice for you if you are unsure if you will want to become pregnant in the future. It also may not be a good choice if you may have other partners in the future. Having a new partner might make you reconsider getting pregnant.

What are the risks of a tubal ligation?

Tubal ligation is safe, but all surgeries carry some risks. Serious problems occur in less than 1 out of 1,000 women. You will need to sign a consent form that explains the risks and benefits of the surgery and you should discuss these risks and benefits with your surgeon. Some potential risks include:

• Bleeding from an incision or inside the abdomen
• Infection
• Damage to other organs inside the abdomen
• Side effects from anesthesia
• Ectopic pregnancy (an egg that becomes fertilized outside the uterus)
• Incomplete closing of a fallopian tube that results in pregnancy

Even though tubal ligation is a safe and effective form of birth control, about 1 out of 200 women may still become pregnant after the procedure. Having the surgery just after your period starts may avoid the chance that an already fertilized egg will reach your uterus after surgery.

These conditions may increase your risk for problems after surgery:

• Diabetes
• Previous abdominal surgery
• Pelvic inflammatory disease
• Lung disease
• Overweight

You may have other risks, depending on your specific health condition. Be sure to discuss any concerns with your healthcare provider before the procedure.

How do I get ready for a tubal ligation?

In the days before your surgery, tell your surgeon about any medicines you take. This includes herbal supplements and over-the-counter medicines. You may have to stop taking aspirin or other medicines that thin your blood and may increase bleeding.

Other points to go over include:

• Tell your surgeon if you or someone in your family has ever had a reaction to general or local anesthesia.
• If you smoke, you may be told to stop smoking well before surgery.
• On the day and night before surgery you may be given instructions for when to stop eating and drinking. If you are having general anesthesia, it is common to have nothing to eat or drink after midnight.
• Ask your surgeon if you should take your regular medicines with a small sip of water on the morning of the procedure.
• Wear loose comfortable clothing on the day of surgery to have an easier time getting dressed afterward.
• If you are having the surgery as an outpatient, arrange for someone to drive you home and stay with you during the early recovery period.

What happens during a tubal ligation?

Before the procedure starts you will have an intravenous line (IV) started so you can receive fluids and medicines to make you relaxed and sleepy. If you are having general anesthesia, you may get medicine through the IV to put you to sleep. A tube may be inserted in your throat so that you can inhale the anesthesia through your lungs.

If you are having local or spinal anesthesia, you will be given a numbing medicine in your abdomen or in your spinal area. You may remain awake during surgery, but you should not feel any pain. The actual surgery takes about 30 minutes.

Here is what typically happens during the procedure:

1. The surgeon will make one or more small cuts (incisions) near your belly button. Sometimes the surgeon makes a small incision in your lower abdomen as well.
2. Gas may be pumped into your belly to inflate it. This gives your surgeon a better view and more room to work.
3. The surgeon will put a narrow tube with a light and a camera on the end into your abdomen. This tube is called a laparoscope.
4. Your surgeon will use long, thin instruments put through the laparoscope or through another tiny cut to find and grab hold of the fallopian tubes.
5. The tubes may be cut, tied, clamped, banded, or sealed off with an electric current. 
6. After surgery is done, the surgeon will close the incisions in the skin, probably using 1 to 2 stitches. He or she will cover the area with small dressings.

What happens after a tubal ligation?

After your surgery, you will be taken to the recovery room to be watched while you recover from the anesthesia. Your IV will be removed once you can drink fluids. You will probably be able to go home in a few hours.

Here is what you can probably expect at home:

• You will be able to gradually resume your normal diet.
• Some discomfort is normal. Ask your surgeon what medicines to take for pain.
• You may have shoulder pain for a few days. This is from the gas that was pumped into your belly. Lying down for a while often relieves this pain.
• Keep your incision areas dry for a few days. Follow your surgeon’s instructions on bathing and dressing care. You may need to go back to have your stitches removed. Keep all your follow-up appointments.
• Gradually resume normal activities in a few days.
• Avoid heavy lifting for a few weeks. Ask your surgeon when you can return to specific activities.
• You may be able to return to sexual activity in about 1 week.

Tell your surgeon about any of the following:

• Increasing pain or pain that is not relieved by medicine
• Any drainage, bleeding, redness, or swelling
• Fever
• Vomiting or nausea
• Dizziness or fainting spells

Next steps

Before you agree to the test or the procedure make sure you know:

• The name of the test or procedure
• The reason you are having the test or procedure
• What results to expect and what they mean
• The risks and benefits of the test or procedure
• What the possible side effects or complications are
• When and where you are to have the test or procedure
• Who will do the test or procedure and what that person’s qualifications are
• What would  happen if you did not have the test or procedure
• Any alternative tests or procedures to think about
• When and how will you get the results
• Who to call after the test or procedure if you have questions or problems
• How much will you have to pay for the test or procedure

Pros & Cons of Getting Your Tubes Tied

Tubal ligation — also known as having your tubes tied — is a kind of surgery that will keep you from ever getting pregnant. If you’re thinking about having it done, it’s important to understand the procedure and the advantages and disadvantages before making a decision.

“Tubal” refers to your fallopian tubes, and “ligation” means to tie off. Fallopian tubes are thin tubes that connect each of your ovaries to your uterus — they’re passageways for unfertilized eggs. In a tubal ligation, you’ll have surgery to cut or block your fallopian tubes. That way, the eggs released by your ovary each cycle can’t meet up and be fertilized by sperm.

The Pros of Tubal Ligation

It’s permanent. This is a big plus if you don’t want to have children or you don’t wish to have any more.

It works. Only about one in 200 women get pregnant after a tubal ligation. That’s less than 1%.

It doesn’t affect your hormones. It won’t change your periods or bring on menopause. And it doesn’t cause the side effects that birth control pills do, like mood swings, weight gain, or headaches, or the ones sometimes caused by IUDs, like cramps, heavier periods, or spotting.

Continued

You don’t need to remember to do anything. You don’t have to put in a diaphragm, take a pill, use a condom, or count days on the calendar to avoid pregnancy. That may make you feel more relaxed about sex.

It may lower your chances of ovarian cancer. Scientists aren’t sure exactly why this happens, but research has shown that tubal ligation can greatly lower a woman’s odds of this type of cancer.

If pregnancy would be a health risk for you, or if you or your partner has a genetic disorder that would be risky to pass on to a child, tubal ligation may be right for you.

The Cons of Tubal Ligation

It’s permanent. While it can sometimes be reversed with surgery, that’s not always possible. Only around half the women who have a reversal are able to get pregnant. Unless you’re certain you’ll never want to get pregnant, tubal ligation isn’t right for you.

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It doesn’t protect against STDs.  You’ll need to use condoms to prevent sexually transmitted diseases, including HIV.

Pregnancy. It’s rare, but tubal ligation can fail. If your tubes aren’t completely closed, you can get pregnant.

It may lead to an ectopic pregnancy. If you do get pregnant, you’re more likely to have this type of pregnancy, occurs in someplace other than the uterus, usually in one of your fallopian tubes. Ectopic pregnancy may cause the tube to burst. This can lead to severe bleeding. You’ll need surgery right away to fix it.

There are risks to surgery. Problems are very rare, but this type of surgery can cause bleeding or damage your bowel, bladder, or major blood vessels.

After tubal ligation, you might have a rapid decline in the hormones estrogen and progesterone. Whether this may occur is often debated but it is referred to as post-tubal ligation syndrome (PTLS). Symptoms are a lot like menopause: hot flashes, night sweats, a dry vagina, mood swings, trouble sleeping, a lower sex drive, and irregular periods. Or you could have heavy, painful periods.

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The cut made from your surgery can get infected, or you might react to the anesthesia. There’s also a small chance of lingering belly pain.

Your risk for these types of issues is higher if you’re overweight, have had surgery in the same area before, or have diabetes, lung disease, or pelvic inflammatory disease.

Burns to your bowel or skin are also possible if your surgeon uses electric current to seal off your fallopian tubes.

What Happens During Tubal Ligation?

You’ll get your tubal ligation in a hospital or at an outpatient surgical clinic. The doctor will give you medicine to make you “sleep” so you won’t feel anything during the surgery.

The surgeon will make one or two small cuts in your belly, then inflate it with gas. They’ll put a long, thin device similar to a telescope (it’s called a laparoscope) into one cut to look into your belly. They’ll put tools into the other to cut, seal, band, clamp, or tie your fallopian tubes shut.

Your surgeon will then stitch up the cuts on your belly. You can go home a few hours later to rest.

Tubal Ligation Recovery

You can probably go home a few hours after your procedure.

Your incision sites (where you got the cuts) may be a little uncomfortable afterward. You might also have pain or cramps in your belly, fatigue, mild vaginal bleeding, dizziness, or a sore throat from the anesthesia.

If the surgeon used gas to blow up your abdomen to do the tubal ligation, you may have some bloating. It could cause belly or shoulder pain. This should go away in a couple of days.

Wait 48 hours after your tubal ligation to bathe or take a shower. Don’t rub or scrub your incision sites for at least a week. Pat your skin dry carefully after your bath or shower.

You should be able to get back to your normal routine a few days after your tubal ligation. But don’t lift anything heavy until your doctor says it’s safe to do so.

How Soon Can I Have Sex After a Tubal Ligation?

You should be able to have sex a week after your tubal ligation.

You don’t need to use a backup form of birth control after the procedure, but it won’t protect you from sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). Using a condom during sex will help prevent STDs.

Tubal Ligation Cost

The cost of your tubal ligation may vary based on where you live, your doctor, and your insurance coverage. Average costs range from $1,500 to $6,000.

Other Methods of Birth Control

Up to 20% of women who have tubal ligation eventually wish they hadn’t, so it’s important to think about all the possibilities. Women younger than 30 are more likely to change their minds later.

If you’re not sure, you might think about these long-term options for birth control:

Vasectomy. If you’re in a committed relationship, your husband or partner might be willing to get this procedure that keeps sperm from getting into his semen. It’s a safer procedure than a tubal ligation, and it can be done while he’s awake.

IUD. Your doctor puts this small T-shaped plastic device into your uterus. It can stay in place anywhere from 3 to 10 years. IUDs are more than 99% effective in preventing pregnancy.

Implant. Your doctor puts a plastic rod about the size of a matchstick under the skin of your upper arm. It releases the hormone progestin and can stay in place for up to 3 years.

Should I Get My Tubes Tied? 7 Things You Should Know

When it comes to birth control these days, women have a lot of options. If you’re done having children or have made the decision you don’t want them at all, you may have contemplated getting your tubes tied.

The procedure to get your “tubes tied” is actually called a “tubal ligation” in medical terms. A tubal ligation is a sterilization procedure where a woman’s fallopian tubes are cut or blocked to prevent eggs released by your ovaries from reaching your uterus and being fertilized. Tubal ligations are performed surgically. They can be done through small incisions in the belly or even vaginally, within a few days after vaginal birth or even at the same time as a C-Section.

While tubal ligation is the most common contraceptive method used by women, it isn’t well understood.

“If you’re considering having it done, it’s important to understand the ins and outs of it before making a decision,” said Pooja Shah, MD, an OBGYN at Banner Health Center in Chandler, AZ. “Tubal ligations should actually be a part of a larger conversation you have with your doctor when considering contraception. They can help guide you, so you make the right decision for you and your body.”

If you are considering getting your tubes tied, Dr. Shah shared seven things you should know before deciding if it’s right for you.

1. Your tubes aren’t actually tied

While your doctor will refer to it as a tubal ligation or sterilization, you’ve probably only heard it referred to as “getting your tubes tied.” The thing is, it’s not as simple as tying your fallopian tubes into a nice little bow—in fact, it’s nothing like this at all.

With a tubal ligation, either part or all of the tubes might be cut, blocked or removed. The most common method is surgical and done laparoscopically in an outpatient procedure. If performed vaginally, a doctor will go through your vagina and cervix and up into the fallopian tubes.

2. It really is permanent

This can be a real plus if you don’t plan on having any more children, but a real downer if you change your mind.

“The biggest thing people sometimes don’t realize is that this is permanent,” Dr. Shah said. “While it can sometimes be reversed with surgery, it’s not always possible and definitely does not guarantee pregnancy.”

3. Age is a big factor

Because this form of permanent contraception is not meant to be reversed, you may want to wait if you are young or do not have children.

“Doctors often have their own recommendations for the youngest age to perform tubal ligation,” Dr. Shah said. “For some, it’s after 25, but for others it’s after 30.”

4. The risk of regret

Dr. Shah said the other biggest risk she sees is regret.

“At the time of your procedure, you might not have wanted children, but this can all change,” she said. “Whether you found a new partner or you are now an empty nester, there are many reasons people change their minds about having kids. If you are not sure about future plans, there are fantastic contraceptive options that are long-term, not permanent and can be reversed in the future.”

5. You’ll still get your period

Most likely you won’t see any changes to your period, which can be good or bad, if you like or dislike getting it. It also won’t affect your hormones like other forms of contraception.

6. You may have to wait

You may be anxious to get the procedure over with but be prepared to wait. In some federally funded health insurance plans, it is mandatory to wait at least 30 days after signing a consent form to have your procedure completed.

7. A vasectomy is WAY easier

Let’s face it. When it comes to some things, men have it easier. And in the case of permanent contraception, a vasectomy is a safer and cheaper procedure. Ladies, it may be time to have him snipped.

“While tubal ligation is a personal decision, engage in a conversation with your physician about your desires, doubts and questions so you are confident in your decision,” Dr. Shah said.

Schedule an appointment with a Banner Health specialist to discuss if tubal ligation is the right path for you to take. To find a doctor, visit bannerhealth.com.

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Contraception – tubal ligation – Better Health Channel

What is tubal sterilisation?

Tubal sterilisation, also known as tubal ligation or ‘having your tubes tied’, is a permanent method of contraception that you can choose if you are sure that you do not want to have children in the future. 

Using keyhole surgery, the surgeon puts clips on the fallopian tubes to block the sperm and egg from meeting. In some instances, the fallopian tubes are removed rather than clipped.

How does tubal sterilisation prevent pregnancy?

When you ovulate, an ovum (egg) is released from the ovary and moves down the fallopian tube. If the ovum meets a sperm, conception may happen. Tubal sterilisation blocks the path of the sperm through the fallopian tube. Eggs are still released by the ovaries, but are broken down and safely absorbed by the body.

The ovaries are not affected by sterilisation. They will continue to release the same hormones and your periods will keep happening as usual. Sterilisation does not cause menopause or affect your sex drive or enjoyment of sex.

Even though tubal sterilisation can often be reversed, it is considered to be a permanent method of contraception. 

Tubal sterilisation – issues to consider

If you are thinking about sterilisation, issues to talk about with your doctor include:

• your reasons for wanting to be sterilised
• whether tubal sterilisation is the best option for you
• whether removal of the fallopian tubes is a good option
• whether tubal sterilisation is recommended for women of your age
• whether other methods of contraception might be more suitable 
• any side effects, risks and complications of the procedure.

Women with a disability who are incapable of giving their own consent

Under the Guardianship and Administration Act 1986, sterilisation is defined as a ‘special medical procedure’. 

A person is considered incapable of consenting to a special medical procedure if they:

• are incapable of understanding the general nature and effect of the procedure 
• are incapable of indicating whether or not they consent to the procedure.

Where a woman with a disability does not have the capacity to consent to special medical procedures, a guardian cannot provide the consent for sterilisation on her behalf.

However, the Victorian Civil and Administrative Tribunal can consider an application for sterilisation and provide the consent where agreed.

Tubal sterilisation – operation procedure 

Tubal sterilisation is an operation that is usually done under general anaesthetic using a procedure called laparoscopy. Between one and three small cuts are made around the navel (belly button). A telescopic device called a laparoscope is put in through one of the cuts. 

A small camera at the tip of the laparoscope sends an image to a screen for the surgeon to see the internal organs. The surgeon works through these small holes to:

• put clips on the fallopian tubes, or
• put clips on the fallopian tubes and cut them, or
• cut and seal the fallopian tubes with heat (diathermy), or
• remove the fallopian tubes.

After tubal sterilisation

After having the operation, you can expect to:

• have some pain and nausea in the first four to eight hours (you may need pain medication for a short time)
• have some abdominal pain and cramps for 24 to 36 hours 
• go home the same day
• have no changes to your periods
• have the stitches taken out after seven to 10 days
• see your surgeon for a check-up in six weeks.

Risks and complications of tubal sterilisation

Possible risks and complications from the tubal sterilisation operation include: 

• an allergic reaction to the anaesthetic
• damage to nearby organs, such as the bowel or ureters
• infection, inflammation and ongoing pain
• haemorrhage (very heavy bleeding)
• infection of the wound or one of the fallopian tubes.

Longer-term possible risks and complications of tubal sterilisation include:

• pregnancy (the method is more than 99 per cent effective, but there is a very small chance of the tubes getting unblocked, which would mean a pregnancy could happen)
• ectopic pregnancy, where a pregnancy develops outside the womb (usually in the fallopian tubes) rather than in the uterus (womb).

Caring for yourself after tubal sterilisation

It is important to follow the advice of your doctor or surgeon. Suggestions for caring for yourself after having surgery include:

• Avoid intense exercise for seven days.
• You can take pain medication to manage the pain, but see your doctor if the pain is very strong.
• You can usually go back to work within a few days.
• You can start having sex again as soon as you feel ready. This is because the procedure starts working straight away.

Reversing tubal sterilisation

A person usually chooses sterilisation if they are sure that they do not want to have children in the future, but circumstances can change.

Tubal sterilisation can sometimes be reversed, but this is not always successful. Success rates depend on the age of the person having the reversal, and the way in which the tubal sterilisation was performed. If the fallopian tubes were removed, this cannot be reversed, although IVF is possible.

To reverse the procedure, the fallopian tubes are reached through a cut in the abdomen and the surgeon re-joins the cut tubes using very small stitches.

Generally, the chance of getting pregnant after reversal of a tubal sterilisation is about 60 per cent, with about 50 per cent having a baby after a reversal procedure. The partner’s age also impacts a woman’s ability to get pregnant.

The risk of ectopic pregnancy after a successful reversal is quite high. This is because scar tissue can stop the fertilised ovum from moving down the fallopian tube.

Tubal occlusion

Tubal occlusion is a sterilisation procedure that, since 2017, is no longer available in Australia.

The procedure involves putting a tiny, flexible device called a micro-insert (EssureTM) into each fallopian tube. After having the procedure, the body grows scar tissue around the micro inserts, which blocks the fallopian tubes. 

Other methods of contraception

Other contraceptive methods include: 

• hormonal implants
• hormonal and copper intrauterine devices (IUDs)
• hormonal injections
• oral contraceptive pills, such as the combined pill and the mini pill 
• vaginal rings
• barrier methods, such as condoms 
• vasectomy, which is a relatively simple method of permanent contraception for men.

Protection from sexually transmissible infections

Sterilisation does not give protection from sexually transmissible infections (STIs). It is important to practise safer sex, as well as to prevent an unintended pregnancy. 

The best way to lessen the risk of STIs is to use barrier methods such as condoms with all new sexual partners. Condoms can be used for oral, vaginal and anal sex to help stop infections from spreading.

Where to get help 

• ‘ 1800myoptions’ can provide information on a range of private and public clinics and services Tel. 1800 696 784
• Your GP
• Pharmacist
• Many community health services and public hospitals will have a family planning clinic, a sexual health clinic or women’s health clinic
• Family Planning Victoria – comprehensive sexual and reproductive health services for people of all ages Tel. 1800 013 952 or (03) 9257 0100
• Some private clinics which offer abortion also offer contraceptive services.

Sterilization of fallopian tubes laparotomic

Female sterilization. Medical and legal aspects.

Family planning allows people to choose how many children they will have and when they are born. The planning tools are the use of contraception, diagnosis and treatment of male and female infertility. Modern medicine has given women the opportunity to independently decide whether they will become pregnant and what interval between the birth of children is preferable for them.This is beneficial for the health and well-being of couples.

The procedure for both female sterilization (tubal ligation) and male (vasectomy) is one of the methods of contraception and a method of family planning. Statistics indicate that the correct use of modern methods of contraception reduces the number of induced abortions, including illegal ones.

Medical sterilization has one of the lowest Pearl indices, which indicates its high efficiency.Recovery takes about two weeks. General anesthesia is usually used, so you should take all the necessary tests, and make sure that you are not currently pregnant. At the same time, this procedure has its own pitfalls, which we will consider below.

Can I use sterilization?

The Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation imposes some restrictions on the use of sterilization.

The operation is allowed to be carried out:

90,016 90,017 persons over 35 years old;

90,017 persons with two or more children;

90,017 people with certain diseases and conditions from the list attached to the Order (these include, for example, rupture of the uterus, several caesarean operations, serious cardiovascular diseases, severe diabetes, etc.)etc.)

If your disease is not on the list, you have the right to pass a commission consisting of an obstetrician-gynecologist, a doctor of the specialty in charge of your disease and the head of the department of a medical institution.

The legal procedure for sterilization is exclusively voluntary, no one has the right to force you to undergo it. Even in the case of persons who have been declared incapacitated, a referral for sterilization is issued only on the basis of a court decision.

Is sterilization irreversible?

This method is claimed to be irreversible. In reality, this is not entirely true. Modern advances in microsurgery make it possible to restore the patency of tubes with little trauma. But success will depend on both the sterilization method and the individual characteristics of the patient. The percentage of successful reconstruction of tubular permeability varies from 60% to 80%. Therefore, doctors prefer to present this procedure as irreversible, since there is no guarantee of the subsequent possibility of becoming pregnant.

Am I sure I will never get pregnant again?

Pearl index for surgical ligation of falopian tubes in women is 0.1. This means that for every 1000 women during the first year after surgery, there may be one who becomes pregnant. Unfortunately, there are no 100% effective methods of contraception. But after sterilization, the rate of unplanned pregnancies is extremely low, only abstinence can be safer.

Will health problems, a decrease in libido, a sharp aging of the skin begin after this?

It is a common misconception that after tubal ligation, female hormones will no longer be produced.But they play an important role for the condition of the skin, hair and figure. In reality, the operation does not involve the ovaries, the main supplier of female sex hormones. Your appearance will not change in any way after sterilization.

What if I meet one of the criteria (for example, having 2+ children), but the doctor refuses to sterilize?

If the doctor unreasonably simply refuses to perform the operation, you have the right to ask to issue the reason for the refusal in writing.After that, you can write a statement to the head physician of the institution. You give one copy to him, and the second is certified by a seal at the registry, so that you have confirmation that the application has been accepted. If they refuse to take the application, it can be sent to the institution by mail.

90,000 Contraception for life | 74.ru

The reliability of the method is very high. The number of such procedures carried out in the world is measured in hundreds of millions. Failures can be estimated at about 0.1-0.5%.But if we take into account that the statistics include the spontaneous recovery of the damage suffered by the male body, and the failures caused by the peculiarities of the anatomy of a particular man, and the mistakes of doctors, then the percentage of “misfires” is really negligible.

Male sterilization can have complications, however, the risk is associated with the peculiarities of its implementation – non-sterile instruments or the introduction of infection during surgery or healing. Some men also fear that dead sperm (without getting outside) will decompose and poison the body.However, even without sterilization, not all spermatozoa enter the eaculum. If a man leads an ascetic lifestyle and is not inclined to masturbation, then spermatozoa are formed, die and dissolve, like ordinary cells of the body. It is also worth considering that even after a perfectly performed operation, mature sperm cells can remain in the ducts for up to three months. So to guarantee, after a while, an analysis is made for the absence of sperm in the eaculum.

The unambiguous advantages of a vasectomy are that a man gains the ability to control his fertility.And neither the pills that the spouse didn’t drink on time, nor the condoms pierced by the enthusiastic grandmother, will change the way of life. If there is only one regular partner, then liberation from the fear of pregnancy can play a wonderful role in the sexual liberation of both. Sex for sex is not a fantasy, but a reality.

If there are already enough children, and the partner’s doctors have banned hormonal contraceptives, or she is allergic to latex (sometimes it happens, up to death), then this is one of the solutions.

The disadvantages include the same impossibility to “get” a child in a simple way. Medical manipulations will be required. And not cheap.

In our country, a man who did this is unlikely to be understood by his friends: the wrong association “sterile, then impotent” works properly. But it is absolutely not necessary to inform them about this!

If one family boat crashes into everyday life, then it is likely that it will be more difficult to find a future wife (if she does not have children of her own). After all, the maternal instinct is inherent in all normal women.

This is how it happens …

“From my own experience, unfortunately, bitter, I will say that this is not worth doing,” says Anna Sokolova . – At 25, my husband left me with a three-year-old son in his arms and a seven-month pregnancy under his heart. As she reported in a nightmare, she gave birth – the second Caesarean, and – was bandaged. None of the doctors inquired about my age or tried to dissuade me. I put a cross on myself. And now she is married again, a wonderful husband, but we do not have joint children, and he does not have them at all.The first IVF attempt failed: the good, according to the doctor, embryos for some reason did not take root. Who would know how I regret what I once did ”.

“I dream of sterilization! I am 33 years old, I have a daughter. Divorced from her husband for eight years. I see only advantages in sterilization, – insists Larisa Ilchenko . – I believe that I have fulfilled my duty to nature. I’m not going to give birth anymore for reasons of the material plan. I take a very responsible approach to raising children and am not going to breed poverty.

I least of all believe in the appearance of a prince in a white Mercedes. There are six abortions. Normal contraception – with a 100% guarantee – no. I do not accept bullying of the body in the form of hormones. Spiral – there are always a couple of victims of this contraception during abortions. Condom is funny: pure water excuse. The very thought during sex “crawl and tear” kills all desire, but the result ?! What was it all started for? My dear women, to live in fear, denying oneself the pleasure of just living, for the sake of the fact that “this” may someday still work for me, while running for abortions, spending dozens of hours in fear of complications and diseases.No, this kind of life is not for me. In general, I am for sterilization. And if a man leaves me because I have ceased to be a sow for him, then this man is simply not mine. It is impossible to lose what does not belong to you. ”

“For medical reasons, my tubes were tied during a cesarean section. Without any consent and signatures, – recalls Alina Yakushkina . – I learned about everything the next day, when they brought a piece of paper to sign. At first I was very upset, but when the doctor explained everything to me in a popular way, I pulled myself together.Neither sex, nor menstruation (as they went, and they go), nor on health, this intervention did not affect in any way. I feel great. My head doesn’t hurt because of contraception and I don’t put on weight. Everything is as usual, as it was before the dressing. I have two kids and a wonderful husband. I think only about the good. ”

What do we have in the end? Most likely, doctors will not recommend such procedures at the state level in a country that is in a demographic hole (unless the patient has a mental disorder or genetic diseases).So the doctor, perhaps, will try to dissuade. The man is out of male solidarity, the woman is out of involvement with the maternal instinct. But it may turn out that a person himself wants to save himself from the risk of alimony, the occurrence of hormonal whims, and from diapers he is already simply chronic fatigue. Nevertheless, when there are less than three children, the age is young, but the income is small, then it is better to refuse sterilization: there are different turns in life. If you do decide, think carefully in a calm atmosphere, weigh the pros and cons of what this difficult life decision may entail.And only then act. Or don’t act!

Laparoscopy in gynecology

Application of the method of laparoscopy in gynecology

The gynecological service of TRH No. 3 is equipped with the most modern diagnostic and therapeutic equipment, which allows high-tech surgical interventions to be performed for any pathology of the female reproductive system. The increasing use of the method of laparoscopy is due to a number of such advantages of the method as – absence of postoperative scars and pain; endoscopic operations are characterized by low invasiveness, they are almost bloodless; short-term hospital stay (no more than 2-3 days) and quick recovery after surgery.

You can get detailed information on the treatment of gynecological diseases using the method of laparoscopy in the Tuapse District Hospital No. 3 by phone: +7 (86167) 5-89-93
or at the registration desk by phone: +7 (86167) 5- 77-39

Laparoscopic surgery often successfully replaces open surgery, since the image of objects is much more informative and more detailed than what the surgeon sees with his own eyes.

Modern laparoscopic equipment gives an increase of tens of times, we can say that the operation is performed almost like under a microscope.

High optical resolution allows you to look at the object of the operation from different angles, from different sides, which provides a better view than with traditional operations.

Readings

Laparoscopy is currently used for many types of gynecological pathology. The main indications for laparoscopy are:

• Infertility during the year with regular sexual activity without contraception.
• Chronic pelvic pain if endometriosis or adhesion is suspected.
• Polycystic ovary syndrome.
• Endometriosis of the appendages of the uterus or peritoneum.
• Uterine fibroids.
• Surgical sterilization (tubal ligation).

The course of the operation with the laparoscopic method

• The doctor makes two small punctures in the abdominal cavity, then air is injected into it, providing better access to the internal organs.
• A laparoscope is inserted through the punctures, equipped with a video camera to transmit a signal to the display, and a manipulator device for a surgeon to conduct the operation.
• Anesthesia is used both local and general – according to the doctor’s prescription.

Surgeons of the gynecological department of TRB No. 3 have extensive practical experience in performing laparoscopy operations, regularly undergo training in leading clinics in the country and abroad.

Modern medicine and the professionalism of our doctors have already helped many women to effectively fight the most severe diseases of the genital area.

The technological capabilities of laparoscopy, combined with the traditions and experience of professionals, make it possible to establish an accurate diagnosis, conduct comprehensive treatment, return women to health and full life, and gain a chance for a happy motherhood.

You can find out about other methods of treatment offered by the specialists of Tuapse District Hospital No. 3 by following the link below:

Female and female sterilization – tubal ligation

Ligation of fallopian tubes – operation in Minsk

Among the volumetric gynecological operations, an important place belongs to such surgical interventions as cauterization and transection of the fallopian tubes (sterilization).

Previously, such a surgical operation was done exclusively by the abdominal method – through an incision in the abdominal cavity. Now more and more often they resort to the laparoscopic method.

Readings

• Endometriosis;
• complex abdominal surgery affecting; reproductive organs;
• inability to carry a child;
• a conscious desire not to get pregnant and not have children;
• the presence of contraindications for the use of other methods of contraception.

Risks

Alas, if the operation was done unprofessionally, or the rehabilitation plan was drawn up incorrectly, complications and side effects may occur after the operation:

• development of sepsis
• ectopic pregnancy,
• bleeding,
• inflammatory processes.
• ruptured vessels.

That is why the operation, even when it comes to laparoscopy, is important to do only in a specialized hospital.

Contraindications

Cauterization and transection of the fallopian tubes is not performed if the patient has the following problems:

• Sexually transmitted infections (this indication is not absolute, but gives a “delay” until the infections are treated).
• Serious endocrine diseases (eg diabetes mellitus).
• A number of diseases of the respiratory system.
• Presence of adhesions and tendency to adhesions.

Does the surgery affect hormonal balance?

Sterilization does not affect female hormonal levels.No hormone therapy is required after surgery.

Sterilization can be done in the 5th city hospital in Minsk. Experienced surgeons, gynecologists and anesthesiologists work here. The operation is available for both patients of the Republic of Belarus and women of foreign countries (for a fee).

Reproductive Health Training Center Reproductive Health Training Center

1. Can a vasectomy cause impotence in men? Can surgical sterilization lead to asthenia or obesity?
No.Surgical sterilization does not affect a man’s appearance or attitude. After the operation, the man can have a normal sex life. Vasectomy does not affect the intensity and duration of erections or the pattern of ejaculation. A man is able to endure the same physical activity as before the operation. Vasectomy does not cause weight gain.

2. Is chronic pain possible after vasectomy?
Some men who have undergone surgical sterilization report chronic pain or discomfort in the scrotum or testicles lasting 1 to 5 years after a vasectomy.In the course of extensive studies, the number of participants in which reached several thousand, it was found that less than 1% of respondents presented complaints of pain in the scrotum or testicles, the elimination of which required surgery. In small studies with no more than 200 participants, about 6% of men reported severe pain in the scrotum and testicles after 3 years after vasectomy. Along with this, about 2% of respondents from the control group of men who had never undergone a vasectomy complained of pain of a similar nature.Some men who experience the pain syndrome described above have regretted their decision to undergo surgical sterilization. The cause of postoperative pain is unknown. Perhaps the pain in the scrotum and testicles is caused by pressure from accumulating sperm leaking from a poorly tied vas deferens, or from damage to nerve endings. Treatment includes wearing a suspensor and taking pain relievers. To reduce the sensitivity of the nerve endings of the testicles, injection of an anesthetic into the spermatic cord is sometimes practiced.There are reports that surgical removal of painful formation or restoration of patency of the vas deferens can solve the problem of postoperative pain. Severe chronic pain after a vasectomy is rare, but the doctor must inform men who decide to undergo a vasectomy about the likelihood of such pain.

3. Should a surgically sterilized man use another method of contraception after surgery?
Yes, a different method of contraception is recommended for the man for 3 months after the vasectomy.If the male partner has used this or that contraceptive, she is recommended to continue using the method for the specified time. Refusal to use an alternative method of contraception within 3 months after surgery is the main cause of unplanned pregnancy in female partners of men who have undergone vasectomy.

4. Can the effectiveness of a vasectomy be tested?
Yes. By examining a sperm sample under a microscope, it is possible to establish the presence or absence of sperm in it.If the semen contains no motile sperm, then this indicates that the surgical sterilization was successful. A spermogram is recommended to be performed 3 months after the operation, but this procedure is not mandatory. If, when examining a sample of freshly obtained sperm, less than one immobile sperm is found in the field of view (less than 100 thousand sperm per milliliter of semen), this indicates the success of the sterilization performed and, accordingly, the possibility of canceling the auxiliary method of contraception.If the sample contains a larger number of sperm, then the man should continue using the auxiliary method of contraception and report to the clinic for a spermogram monthly. Continuous detection of motile sperm in semen is an indication for repeated vasectomy.

5. Is it possible for the partner of a man who underwent vasectomy to become pregnant?
A man who has undergone a vasectomy should consider the risk of failure of the contraceptive effect of the vasectomy and the occurrence of an unplanned pregnancy in his partner.A man whose partner is pregnant should not suspect his partner of being unfaithful. If a woman becomes pregnant within 3 months of her partner’s vasectomy, the man should be reminded that the couple has been advised to use another method of contraception during this time. In such a situation, it is advisable to conduct a spermogram and, if sperm are found, repeat the vasectomy.

6. Is it possible for the contraceptive effect of vasectomy to fade over time?
Generally not.Surgical sterilization provides for the onset of a persistent contraceptive effect. However, in the rare event that the vas deferens heals, it may be necessary to re-perform the vasectomy.

7. Is it possible to restore the patency of the vas deferens if the couple wants to have a baby?
Generally not. Vasectomy provides for the onset of a persistent contraceptive effect. Persons who admit the possibility that they may want to have a child in the future are advised to use a different method of contraception.Surgical restoration of the patency of the vas deferens is possible only in some cases. At the same time, performing a reconstructive surgery does not provide any guarantee that a man’s ability to fertilize will be restored. The operation to restore the patency of the vas deferens is a complex and expensive procedure, and the circle of specialists who know the technique of its implementation is limited. Therefore, vasectomy should be considered a method that results in permanent loss of fertility.

8. Which method is preferred: female sterilization or vasectomy?
It is up to each couple to make their own decisions about which type of sterilization is preferable for them. Both female sterilization and vasectomy represent a very reliable, safe, permanent method of contraception for couples who know for sure they will not have children in the future. Ideally, spouses should weigh the advantages and disadvantages of both methods.If both methods are acceptable for a given couple, then vasectomy is the method of choice because of its relative simplicity, safety, ease and cost compared to female sterilization.

9. How can a provider help a man make a decision about a vasectomy?
By providing clear and objective information about vasectomy and other methods of contraception, helping to learn all aspects of this method, and jointly analyzing its position on paternity and the prospect of losing fertility.For example, a provider might ask a man to think about how he would feel in the event of a sudden change in life circumstances, including starting a new family or losing a child. Pay particular attention to highlighting the six building blocks of informed decision making to ensure that the man is fully aware of the consequences of a vasectomy.

10. Should the category of persons who can be offered a vasectomy method be limited to men who have reached a certain age or have a certain number of children?
No.A man wishing to undergo a vasectomy should not be denied such an operation solely because of his age, the number of children in the family, or marital status. Family planning providers should not set strict rules that make sterilization dependent on a man’s age, number of children he has, age of the youngest child in the family, or marital status. Every man should have the right to make an independent and independent decision regarding vasectomy.

11. Does a vasectomy increase the risk of cancer or cardiovascular disease in men?
No. Results from large-scale, well-designed studies indicate that vasectomy does not increase the risk of testicular cancer, prostate cancer, or heart disease.

12. Can a man who has undergone a vasectomy be a carrier or recipient of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including HIV?
Yes.Vasectomy does not prevent STIs, including HIV infection. Men at high risk for STIs, including HIV infection, are advised to use condoms to protect themselves and their partner from infection, whether they have undergone a vasectomy or not.

13. Where can a vasectomy be performed?
In the absence of diseases requiring the creation of special conditions for the operation, vasectomy can be performed in almost any medical institution, including health centers, clinics “Marriage and Family” and private doctors’ offices.In the absence of medical institutions where the provision of such a service as a vasectomy is provided, the sterilization operation can be performed by mobile teams, and follow-up examinations – in primary-level clinics and specially equipped mobile outpatient clinics, subject to the availability of a basic set of medicines, consumables, instruments and equipment.

90,000 Surgical sterilization of women – types, pros, cons

14 August 2012

Surgical laparoscopic / transvaginal sterilization

Surgical sterilization is an irreversible method of surgical contraception. Surgical sterilization consists in creating an artificial occlusion (obstruction) of the fallopian tubes, as a result of which fertilization does not occur. The Pearl index of the method (the number of pregnancies occurring in women using only this method of contraception) is 0-0.2. Cases of pregnancy are extremely rare and can be explained by violations of the technology of the operation.

Types of female surgical sterilization

Occlusion (obstruction) of the fallopian tubes can be performed by a variety of methods – by ligation, by cutting the tubes with ligatures (Pomeroy method), by removing a section of the tube (Parkland method), by coagulation of the tube, by imposing titanium clamps (Filshey method), as option – the imposition of silicone rings, squeezing the lumen of the pipe.

Laparoscopic sterilization

Currently, the most modern and least traumatic method is laparoscopy performed under general, regional or local anesthesia. Laparoscopic surgery is performed within 20-25 minutes, no incisions are made, access is performed through mini-punctures in the patient’s abdominal wall. After the operation, small scars remain on the skin, which are then easily eliminated with the help of modern methods of removing scars and scars.

After sterilization of laparoscopically, the patient is monitored by a surgeon and medical staff for several hours, and then, if she feels well, can leave the clinic the same day. Thanks to the modern laparoscopic techniques used, the postoperative period is much easier than with standard surgical interventions, patients recover faster and return to normal life.

Sterilization by transvaginal access

The operation is performed through an incision in the back wall of the vagina, no (even the most minimal) traces remain on the skin of the abdomen.The operation can be performed using spinal anesthesia, bypassing general anesthesia. The patient is monitored by a surgeon and medical staff for several hours, and then, if she feels well, can leave the clinic on the same day.

Surgical Sterilization Law

Surgical sterilization is performed for women at least 35 years old with at least 2 children, as well as for medical reasons (in this case, the age and number of children do not matter).

Medical indications for surgical sterilization are existing diseases or conditions in which women are not advised to become pregnant due to the increased risk to health and life.

Benefits of surgical sterilization

• Surgical sterilization is a one-time surgical procedure with 100% contraceptive effect.
• Low risk of developing possible complications (less than 0.5-1% of cases).
• Does not affect a woman’s libido (sex drive).
• Does not change the nature of menstrual bleeding.
• No side effects.

Disadvantages of surgical sterilization

• The need for surgical intervention.
• Method irreversibility.
• The onset of an ectopic pregnancy (in extremely rare cases).

Experts say that modern methods of contraception, with a competent approach to their choice, give a very high contraceptive effect, and therefore, female sterilization should be considered as a method of contraception only if there are really serious indications for it.

Gynecologists of GUTA CLINIC, after conducting a thorough examination, will help you to individually select the appropriate method of contraception, preserving the possibility of having healthy children in the future.