How can parents differentiate between cold, flu, and COVID-19 symptoms in their children. What are the key indicators for each illness. When should parents seek medical attention for their child’s respiratory symptoms. How can parents prevent the spread of these respiratory illnesses.

Understanding the Common Cold in Children

The common cold, caused by various viruses, typically presents with mild symptoms in children. These often include:

• A tickly throat
• Runny or stuffy nose
• Sneezing
• Low-grade fever (if any)

Children with colds usually maintain good appetites and normal energy levels. It’s important to note that there is no specific test or treatment for the common cold. The illness must run its course naturally.

How long does a common cold typically last in children?

A common cold in children usually lasts between 7 to 10 days. However, some symptoms, like a lingering cough, may persist for up to two weeks. During this time, it’s crucial to ensure your child gets plenty of rest and stays hydrated.

Recognizing Influenza Symptoms in Children

Influenza, commonly known as the flu, can range from mild to severe. Unlike the common cold, children with the flu often experience more intense symptoms, including:

• Sudden onset of high fever with chills
• Headache and body aches
• Sore throat
• Runny nose and cough
• General malaise and fatigue
• Decreased appetite

In some cases, children may also experience gastrointestinal symptoms such as abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea. A medical professional can diagnose the flu through specific tests designed to detect the influenza virus.

How is influenza treated in children?

Most children with influenza recover at home with adequate rest, hydration, and comfort measures. In certain cases, a doctor may prescribe antiviral medications to alleviate symptoms and shorten the duration of the illness. Severe cases may require hospitalization for more intensive treatment and monitoring.

Identifying COVID-19 Symptoms in Children

COVID-19, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, can manifest in various ways in children. Symptoms may range from mild, resembling a common cold, to more severe, flu-like symptoms. Some unique characteristics of COVID-19 in children include:

• Loss of taste or smell
• Various types of rashes
• Potential for asymptomatic infection

It’s important to note that some children may develop symptoms several weeks after infection, a condition known as Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C). Additionally, a small percentage of children may experience long COVID, where symptoms persist for an extended period.

How is COVID-19 diagnosed and treated in children?

Diagnosis of COVID-19 in children typically involves a test that detects viral particles in the respiratory tract. Past infections can be identified through antibody blood tests. Treatment for mild cases usually involves rest, hydration, and fever-reducing medications. In high-risk cases, antiviral drugs or monoclonal antibodies may be administered to prevent severe illness.

Preventive Measures Against Respiratory Illnesses in Children

While each illness has its unique characteristics, prevention strategies are often similar for colds, flu, and COVID-19. Key preventive measures include:

1. Regular and thorough hand washing
2. Avoiding close contact with sick individuals
3. Covering mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing
4. Keeping living spaces clean and well-ventilated
5. Encouraging a healthy lifestyle with proper nutrition and adequate sleep

What role do vaccines play in preventing these illnesses?

Vaccines play a crucial role in preventing severe cases of influenza and COVID-19. Annual flu vaccines are recommended for children six months and older. COVID-19 vaccines and booster shots are available for children aged six months and above, with specific recommendations varying by age group. While there’s no vaccine for the common cold, maintaining good hygiene practices can help reduce its spread.

When to Seek Medical Attention for Your Child’s Respiratory Symptoms

While many respiratory illnesses can be managed at home, certain symptoms warrant immediate medical attention. Parents should seek medical care if their child:

• Shows signs of worsening condition
• Experiences difficulty breathing
• Develops a high fever
• Complains of severe headache or persistent chest pain
• Exhibits confusion or difficulty staying awake
• Displays bluish discoloration of the lips or face

Children with pre-existing conditions like asthma require extra vigilance. If such a child develops symptoms resembling flu or COVID-19, it’s advisable to consult a healthcare provider promptly.

How can parents differentiate between symptoms that require immediate medical attention and those that can be managed at home?

While mild symptoms can often be managed at home, any signs of respiratory distress, severe pain, or altered mental state should prompt immediate medical evaluation. Parents should trust their instincts and not hesitate to seek medical advice if they’re concerned about their child’s condition.

Understanding the Importance of Proper Diagnosis

Given the similarity of symptoms among various respiratory illnesses, proper diagnosis is crucial. While parents can observe symptoms and take preventive measures, only healthcare professionals can provide definitive diagnoses through appropriate testing. This is particularly important because:

• Different illnesses may require different treatment approaches
• Some conditions, like strep throat or pneumonia, may mimic symptoms of viral respiratory infections but require specific treatments
• Accurate diagnosis helps in implementing appropriate isolation measures to prevent spread

What types of tests might a doctor perform to diagnose a respiratory illness?

Depending on the suspected illness, a doctor might perform various tests. These could include throat swabs for strep tests, nasal swabs for flu or COVID-19 tests, blood tests to check for infection markers, or chest X-rays if pneumonia is suspected. The choice of test depends on the child’s symptoms, medical history, and the prevalent illnesses in the community.

Long-term Effects and Special Considerations in Pediatric Respiratory Illnesses

While most children recover fully from respiratory illnesses, some may experience long-term effects or complications. These can include:

• Post-viral fatigue syndrome
• Lingering cough or breathing difficulties
• Increased susceptibility to secondary infections

In the case of COVID-19, some children may develop MIS-C or long COVID. These conditions require specialized medical attention and ongoing monitoring.

How can parents support their child’s recovery from a respiratory illness?

Supporting a child’s recovery involves ensuring adequate rest, maintaining good nutrition, and following medical advice. For children experiencing long-term effects, working closely with healthcare providers to develop a comprehensive care plan is essential. This may include physical therapy, respiratory exercises, or psychological support, depending on the specific symptoms and needs of the child.

The Role of Environmental Factors in Respiratory Health

Environmental factors play a significant role in children’s respiratory health. These factors can influence both the likelihood of contracting respiratory illnesses and the severity of symptoms. Key environmental considerations include:

• Air quality (both indoor and outdoor)
• Exposure to secondhand smoke
• Presence of allergens in the home
• Climate and seasonal changes

Understanding and managing these environmental factors can help in reducing the risk and impact of respiratory illnesses in children.

How can parents create a healthy home environment to support their child’s respiratory health?

Creating a healthy home environment involves several steps:
1. Ensuring proper ventilation in the home
2. Regularly cleaning and dusting to reduce allergens
3. Using air purifiers in areas with poor air quality
4. Maintaining a smoke-free environment
5. Controlling humidity levels to prevent mold growth
By implementing these measures, parents can significantly reduce their child’s exposure to respiratory irritants and pathogens.

Understanding the nuances of various respiratory illnesses in children is crucial for parents. While symptoms may overlap, each condition – be it a common cold, influenza, or COVID-19 – has its unique characteristics and potential complications. By staying informed, observing symptoms carefully, and seeking medical advice when necessary, parents can ensure their children receive appropriate care and support during respiratory illnesses. Remember, prevention through good hygiene practices, vaccinations, and creating a healthy environment remains the best strategy in safeguarding children’s respiratory health.

Is It a Cold, the Flu, or COVID-19? (for Parents)

Your child has a sore throat, cough, and a high fever. Is it COVID-19? Could it be the flu? Or just a cold?

All these illnesses are caused by viruses that infect the respiratory tract. All are contagious and can spread easily from person to person. And they cause some similar symptoms. So it can be hard to tell them apart.

Here are some things to look for if your child gets sick.

The Common Cold (Caused by Many Different Viruses)

Cold symptoms usually are mild. They often include a tickly throat, a runny or stuffy nose, and sneezing. If there’s a fever, it is not high. A child with a cold usually feels quite well, and has a good appetite and normal energy levels.

There is no test for the common cold, and no specific treatment. It just needs to run its course.

The Flu (Caused by the Influenza Virus)

The flu can also be mild. Usually, though, kids with the flu feel worse than if they have a cold. They might have a fever that comes on suddenly, with chills, a headache, and body aches. They can have a sore throat, runny nose, and cough. And they feel generally miserable and tired and don’t have much of an appetite. Some kids even have belly pain, nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea.

A doctor can check if someone has the flu by doing a test that looks for the flu virus.

Most kids with flu get better at home with plenty of liquids, rest, and comfort. In some cases, a doctor might prescribe an antiviral medicine to ease symptoms and shorten the illness. Some people get very ill and need treatment in the hospital.

Many cases of the flu can be prevented by getting a flu vaccine every year.

COVID-19 (Caused by a Type of Coronavirus)

Kids infected by the coronavirus may not have any symptoms, or their symptoms can be mild, like those of a common cold. Some can have more severe flu-like symptoms. So COVID-19 symptoms can look very much like those from a cold or the flu. But they can also look different. For example, they can include a loss of taste or smell, or a variety of rashes.

Sometimes kids develop symptoms several weeks after being infected with the coronavirus, as part of a condition called multisystem inflammatory in children (MIS-C). And rarely, kids might have symptoms that last for a long time, a condition known as long COVID.

To see if someone has been infected with the coronavirus, doctors can do a test that looks for a piece of the virus in the respiratory tract. They also can check for a past infection by doing a blood test that looks for antibodies.

Most people with a mild illness, including children, don’t need any specific treatment, and they get better with plenty of liquids, rest, and fever-reducing medicine. A very few kids who are at higher risk for severe COVID-19 can get certain medicines, such as antiviral drugs or monoclonal antibodies, to keep them from getting very sick and needing hospital care. High-risk teens who have been in close contact with an infected person or are likely to be exposed to an infected person also can get this medicine to prevent them from getting infected.

Some people who get very sick from COVID-19 will need hospital care, possibly in the ICU. Doctors can closely watch them, give oxygen or IV fluids if needed, and treat any problems. Rarely, they will also give medicines such as antiviral drugs, monoclonal antibodies, or steroids. Someone who needs extra help to breathe will be connected to a breathing machine (a ventilator).

Safe and effective COVID-19 vaccines are available for adults and all children ages 6 months and older. Booster shots are recommended for adults and kids 5 and older. Everyone who is eligible should get the COVID-19 vaccine and booster shot as soon as possible.

When Should I Call the Doctor?

If you have any doubts or questions, it’s best to call your doctor. An illness that seems like a cold can turn out to be the flu or COVID-19. And other illnesses, like strep throat or pneumonia, can cause similar symptoms but need different treatment. Sometimes it’s hard to know for sure which germ is causing the problem. Then, doctors might do some tests to find out.

Get medical care right away if your child:

• seems to be getting worse
• has trouble breathing
• has a high fever
• has a bad headache
• has a sore throat
• seems confused
• has severe belly pain
• has pain or pressure in the chest
• has trouble staying awake
• looks bluish in the lips or face

Call your doctor right away if your child has asthma or another illness and starts to feel sick with symptoms that might be the flu or COVID-19. The doctor might want to do some tests or start a specific medicine for the flu.

What Can Parents Do?

Common steps that help prevent the spread of germs also work well against the common cold, the flu, and COVID-19. It’s always wise to:

• Wash hands well and often. Wash for at least 20 seconds with soap and water or use hand sanitizer with at least 60% alcohol.
• Avoid people who appear sick.
• Clean surfaces that get touched a lot (like doorknobs, counters, phones, etc.).

Cold vs. flu symptoms | HealthPartners Blog

Cough. Sneeze. Shiver. Hack.

There are dozens, possibly hundreds of words to describe the physical symptoms we experience when we get sick. And while they’re not always pleasing to talk about, these pesky details can be important signs in spotting the difference between a common cold and influenza (the seasonal “flu”).

Is it a wheezing dry cough, or phlegm-filled sneeze? Did you start feeling feverish quickly, or over a few days? Catching symptoms early can help you take the right steps to recover quickly – and protect others from getting sick.

So, how can you tell the difference between flu symptoms and cold symptoms? Here’s what you need to know.

Cold vs. flu symptom chart: A side-by-side look at the signs of sickness

Influenza and colds are two contagious viruses that share a lot of the same symptoms. But how you may experience those symptoms and how common they are is usually different. Here’s a side-by-side cold and flu symptom chart that gives an overview of the similarities and differences.

Reading the signs: How you can tell the difference between flu and cold symptoms

1.

Flu symptoms hit fast

The flu will often surprise you with how quickly symptoms begin, and how serious the illness can become. Classically, the flu starts with a sudden onset of fever, chills, muscles aches, mild headache and fatigue. You may have other symptoms like a runny nose and cough, too. You feel lousy and you feel lousy fast.

How long does the flu last?

Flu onset usually happens about one to four days after infection, and symptoms typically last five to seven days. However, fatigue can stick around for a few extra days.

How long does a cold last?

A cold comes on gradually and will usually last longer than the flu. Cold germs are contagious for the first three days. And while your cough and congestion can last up to three weeks, other cold symptoms that last more than a week such as fever, chest discomfort or sinus pain may be a sign of a bacterial or sinus infection.

If you experience long-lasting symptoms, don’t ignore them. Talk with a doctor. They can help diagnose the problem and recommend a treatment plan.

2. Colds don’t usually come with a significant fever

While you may be running a little warmer, colds rarely come with a significant fever. And while you can still have the flu without a fever, the flu typically comes with a few days above 100° Fahrenheit.

A flu fever will likely come on fast. This is an especially common flu symptom in kids. Keep an eye on the little ones and the elderly, as they will be more susceptible to complications. Also, keep drinking liquids and get lots of rest.

3. A dry cough screams influenza

While a cough is both a cold symptom and a flu symptom, the type of cough you experience is very different. The flu will cause a dry cough that does not produce mucus. But a cold often produces mucus, so a wet phlegm cough is common.

4. Sore throat, sneezing or stuffy nose are more common cold symptoms

If you have these symptoms, you most likely have a cold. While sneezing or a stuffy nose could accompany the flu, they are more common during a cold.

5. The flu comes with muscle aches

Aches and pains are very common with the flu but rare with a cold. If you’re running a fever and experiencing general achiness, it’s almost certainly the flu.

6. Extreme fatigue is a telltale sign of the flu

If you’re dragging, or feeling extreme fatigue, it’s likely from the flu. Sometimes you’ll continue feeling run down for a few days even after other flu symptoms stop. On the other hand, a cold will rarely stop you from performing your day-to-day tasks.

We’ve all had colds and know that you can get a mild fever, achiness or cough with it. But if you feel like you’ve been hit by a truck, it’s more likely that you have the flu.

What’s the difference between COVID-19, cold and flu symptoms?

Like the common cold and influenza, COVID-19 is an illness caused by a virus that produces respiratory symptoms. So, all three illnesses can share many of the same symptoms.

As COVID-19 has changed and produced different variants, it’s becoming more difficult to tell the difference between COVID-19 symptoms and the flu or a cold. With some COVID-19 variants, like Delta, you’ll likely have a high fever along with a persistent dry cough, which are similar to flu symptoms. But symptoms for the Omicron variant are more similar to common cold symptoms like a stuffy nose, sore throat or headache.

So, if you have flu or cold symptoms, you could have COVID-19, even if you’re fully vaccinated. You probably know you can get the flu even after your flu shot. Similarly, if you’re fully vaccinated against COVID-19, it’s possible to get breakthrough COVID-19 – but it’s unlikely that you’ll have severe symptoms.

The only way to rule out the coronavirus is by getting tested for COVID-19.

Cold and flu remedies to get you feeling better faster

So, how do you treat the flu at home if you think you have it? What about a cold? How can you start feeling better? Read on.

Start with home remedies for colds and flu

You should stay home if you’re sick – especially if you have a fever. Actually, it’s always recommended that you stay home for at least 24 hours after your fever has gone away without the use of fever-reducing medications. Here are some steps you can take at home to feel better:

• Get plenty of rest.
• Drink lots of fluids (focus on water).
• Take acetaminophen (Tylenol) or ibuprofen (Advil) to help lower your temperature, and get some headache or muscle ache relief. Warning: Do not give aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) to children or teenagers who have the flu, as it comes with a small risk of causing the potentially fatal Reye Syndrome.

Get advice from a nurse

Our care lines make it easy for you to talk directly with a nurse 24/7, 365 days a year. The best part? It’s completely free of charge.

Our nurses can help you decide if it’s time to see a doctor and give you some additional home remedy advice. To talk with a nurse, you can call the HealthPartners CareLine℠ at 800-551-0859 or the Park Nicollet Nurse Line at 952-993-4665 .

Get treatment and care without leaving the house

Whether you’re stuck at home with a fever or you aren’t quite ready to leave your house yet, you can still get quality cold and flu treatment online. Here’s how:

• Make a video visit appointment to meet with your preferred primary care doctor or a clinician.
• Start a Virtuwell visit for 24/7 treatment without an appointment. Just answer a few questions, and you’ll get your diagnosis and treatment plan from a board-certified nurse practitioner for $59 or less, depending on your insurance.

There’s no prescription medication that can knock out a cold. But if you have the flu, antiviral medications such as Tamiflu (oseltamivir) and Relenza (zanamivir) can help. These fight the flu by keeping viruses from reproducing in your body, and work best when started within 48 hours after symptoms start.

During your video visit or Virtuwell visit, your doctor or clinician will determine whether an antiviral medication should be part of your treatment plan. If needed, they’ll write you a prescription and send it to your pharmacy of choice.

Go to the emergency room if serious flu symptoms arise

Colds rarely turn into something more serious. But influenza can have very serious complications. Head to the emergency room if you or your child is experiencing any of the following symptoms:

• Difficulty breathing
• Flu-like symptoms that improved but then returned worse
• Chest pain or pressure
• Sudden dizziness or confusion
• Severe or persistent vomiting

Specifically, for children, go to your nearest emergency room if your child:

• Is less than 3 months old and has a fever of above 100.4° Fahrenheit
• Is between 3 months old and 3 years old, has a fever of above 100.4° Fahrenheit, and is showing signs of dehydration (e. g. dry eyes or mouth, hasn’t urinated in several hours)
• Has a fever with rash
• Has skin or lips that have turned gray or blue
• Is extremely irritable
• Isn’t eating or drinking
• Isn’t waking up or interacting with you

Bonus: Get a flu shot to reduce your chances of getting the flu

Vaccines help protect us and those around us from certain diseases by helping our bodies build immunity.

Getting an annual flu shot is easy and it can reduce your chances of getting influenza by up to 60%. And if you do get sick, your flu symptoms will be less severe and you’re less likely to need hospital care to recover.

Flu shots are typically available starting in early September, and it’s highly recommended that everyone 6 months and older get vaccinated by the end of October. Pregnant people – particularly those in their third trimester of pregnancy – should receive a flu shot as soon as the vaccine becomes available. Flu shots are safe for pregnant women and have been shown to reduce the risk of influenza in infants during the first months of life.

Getting your COVID-19 vaccine is important, too. COVID-19 vaccines are readily available. And data suggest all currently authorized vaccines are effective in preventing illness from COVID-19, with the greatest protection coming against severe illness, hospitalization and death.

Emergencies

Cough

Cough is probably the most common problem parents face. Very often, a cough, even if it sounds scary, has a harmless cause and goes away on its own. Sometimes coughing is a serious symptom. Let’s try to figure out how to behave when a child coughs and when to start sounding the alarm.

What is a cough?

Cough is a protective reflex designed to clear the airways. During a cough push, the air abruptly leaves the lungs and forces everything that interferes with breathing – sputum and foreign bodies – to come out. If you think about the mechanism of coughing, it becomes clear that it is far from always necessary to “suppress” it.

What causes and what does a cough look like?

The most common cause of cough is a viral infection. Viruses can cause damage to the respiratory tract at different levels – from the nose (with a common cold) to the bronchi, bronchioles and lungs, and coughing is a common symptom in all these diseases. For example, sore throat and nasal discharge flowing down the back of the throat irritate the mucous membrane of the upper respiratory tract and stimulate the cough reflex. Due to irritation of the mucous membrane of the pharynx, a dry, hacking cough occurs, which will definitely pass without treatment, but in the acute period it can be quite frequent and painful, and even disrupt night’s sleep. A runny nose and discharge along the back of the throat provoke a wet cough, while the child begins to cough when changing position of the body, especially in the morning and at night when he gets up, lies down or rolls over. If the virus infects the mucous membrane of the larynx, a false croup develops, that is, swelling and, as a result, narrowing of the lumen of the larynx, which is accompanied by a “barking” cough, hoarseness, and a characteristic noisy breath (the so-called stridor). With inflammation of the bronchi, bronchioles and alveoli – bronchitis, bronchiolitis and pneumonia, respectively – sputum accumulates in the lumen of the respiratory tract, swelling of the mucous membrane occurs, resulting in cough and shortness of breath. Unlike viral bronchitis and bronchiolitis, pneumonia is more commonly caused by bacteria and is accompanied by fever in addition to coughing and shortness of breath. In bronchial asthma, bronchospasm and accumulation of thick sputum in them occur after contact with an allergen, which also provokes a cough.

When should an ambulance be called for a child with a cough?

• if the child has difficulty breathing, it is difficult for the child to breathe, it is difficult for him to speak (or scream in the case of an infant) due to difficulty in breathing, the child has “groaning” or “groaning” breathing;
• the child has lost consciousness and/or has stopped breathing;
• the child’s lips turned blue.

If the child does not have the most severe symptoms, but the child is concerned, see a doctor. An important sign of trouble is the appearance of the child – if he is lethargic, looks sick and if you cannot attract his attention and catch his eye. Shortness of breath, that is, rapid breathing, accompanied by an effort of the respiratory muscles and retraction of the intercostal spaces and the jugular fossa (depression above the sternum), is a sign that indicates damage to the lower respiratory tract. If you notice shortness of breath in a child, be sure to consult a doctor. Increased body temperature, especially fever above 39- 40 ° C, also requires that the child be examined by a doctor, as cough and fever can be symptoms of pneumonia.

Special attention should be given to children in the first months of life, because in young children, serious illnesses can be erased, and the condition may worsen suddenly. If you have a fever (that is, if the child’s rectal temperature is > 38 ° C) in children under three months old, you should definitely consult a doctor.

Should yellow or greenish sputum cause concern?

Yellow or green sputum does not always indicate a bacterial infection. With viral bronchitis and bronchiolitis, the yellow-green color of sputum is associated with the fact that cells of the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract, which the virus has damaged, enter the sputum. As a new mucous membrane is formed, the desquamated cells come out with sputum, so there is no need to be scared if the child coughs up yellow or even greenish sputum, since in most cases this is a normal manifestation of a viral infection that does not require antibiotics.

What should I do if my child coughs at night?

Most often, nocturnal cough is associated with the fact that when the child lies in bed, discharge from the nose and paranasal sinuses drains into the throat and causes a cough reflex. When a child rolls over in bed or gets up from a horizontal to an upright position, a coughing fit occurs. In such cases, the doctor will prescribe a topical treatment for the child to reduce the runny nose and, as a result, reduce the cough.

Night cough also occurs with pathology of the lower respiratory tract. Therefore, if your child is concerned about a nighttime cough, consult a doctor.

What if the child coughs to vomit?

If your child has a paroxysmal cough before vomiting, contact your pediatrician as this may be a symptom of whooping cough. Whooping cough is especially dangerous for children in the first months of life. Sometimes whooping cough develops even in children who were vaccinated against it, but a lot of time has passed since the last revaccination.

Some children have a very easy gag reflex and may vomit when they cough, even if the cough is simply due to a runny nose. If vomiting occurs against the background of coughing, feed the child more often, but in small portions.

Prolonged cough

It is not uncommon for a prolonged cough to be caused by several successive viral infections. The child does not have time to recover from one infection and picks up another. In this case, the cough can last for several weeks and greatly frighten parents, although its cause is trivial.

However, a prolonged cough can be associated with allergies, including bronchial asthma, as well as whooping cough and other diseases of the respiratory tract and ENT organs (chronic cough can even be due to earwax plugs in the ears!), so in case of a prolonged cough, consult a doctor.

How to treat a cough?

Cough can have many causes, and each case is treated differently. Show the child to the doctor to understand what the cough is connected with and how to help the child.

If the cough is accompanied by sputum production (wet, productive cough), sputum production should be stimulated to facilitate expectoration. Give your child more fluids (for example, apple juice or warm chicken broth can be given if age-appropriate and not allergic to these foods). If the air in the children’s bedroom is dry, install a humidifier.

Fight nonproductive (dry) cough by reducing upper respiratory irritation. To soften the cough and soothe the airways, give the child a drink of water or apple juice, this also helps with a coughing fit. Avoid giving carbonated drinks or citrus drinks as they can irritate inflamed mucous membranes. If the child is intolerant of honey, try giving it. Children over 6 years old can suck on cough drops. If a cough interferes with sleep, going to kindergarten and school, consult a doctor, he will prescribe an antitussive.

Steam in the bathroom can help with a fit of coughing. Go into the bathroom, close the door, turn on the hot shower and wait a few minutes. After the bath is filled with steam, go there with the child, sit for about 20 minutes. Try reading a book or playing with the child so that he is distracted.

Smoking is strictly prohibited at home! This contributes to frequent respiratory infections in the child and aggravates their course.

Medicines such as antibiotics and inhaled bronchodilators, anti-inflammatory and mucolytic drugs are prescribed only by a doctor and are not required in every case.

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Fever

Fever is an increase in body temperature of more than 38 ºС. Some symptoms and laboratory and instrumental studies help to understand the cause of the fever and prescribe the necessary treatment.

If the fever is accompanied by a runny nose, cough, and “red throat”, the most likely cause is a viral infection. Since antibiotics have no effect on viruses, antibiotic therapy in case of a viral infection is not prescribed.

High fever (greater than 39°C) with chills should alert. Other symptoms that require immediate medical attention are the refusal of the child to eat and drink, severe lethargy, lack of “eye” contact with the child.

Parents should know how to help a child with a fever .

Only ibuprofen (10 mg/kg per dose) and paracetamol (15 mg/kg per dose) are allowed for use in children. From drugs based on ibuprofen in a pharmacy, you can buy nurofen, and from drugs based on paracetamol – panadol, cefecon, efferalgan. Metamizole sodium (or analgin), including as part of a “lytic mixture”, can cause severe blood complications, and nimesulide (nimulide, nise) can cause life-threatening liver damage. If the child does not have a severe background pathology, such as heart disease or epilepsy, and if he satisfactorily tolerates fever (is interested in others, does not refuse to drink, does not complain of pain), antipyretic drugs are given at a temperature of 38.5 – 39ºС and above.

And there is no need to achieve a decrease in body temperature immediately to 36. 6 ºС! A good effect is considered to be a decrease in fever to 38 ºС. Safe and effective methods of physical cooling are rubbing with water at room temperature (not alcohol or vinegar!), which allows you to reduce body temperature by 0.5 – 1.0 ºС in a few minutes. However, if the child has chills, if he has cold hands and feet, rubbing will not be effective. In such cases, massage of the hands and feet helps, which reduces vasospasm and improves peripheral circulation, and antispasmodic drugs, such as no-shpa, are also used.

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False croup

In babies, false croup occurs quite often, so mothers need to know about it. Only parents can notice the first signs of narrowing of the larynx in time and help the child in time. The reason is viral infections. In children under 5 – 6 years of age, the airways are narrower than in adults, and therefore croup develops much more often.

If a baby with a cold has a “barking” cough and a hoarse voice, it is necessary that he breathe steam over hot water in the bathroom. If this does not help, and the breath becomes noisy and difficult, call an ambulance without stopping the inhalation of steam.

What is false croup?

Croup is difficulty in breathing due to constriction of the larynx. To feel where the larynx is, you can put your hand on the front of the neck and make any sound – the larynx will vibrate.

This part of the airway is quite narrow, and if the mucous membrane swells, it can completely block the lumen of the larynx, and air will not enter the lungs. In children under 5 – 6 years of age, the airways are narrower than in adults, and therefore croup develops much more often.

Unlike false, true croup begins with diphtheria, when the lumen of the larynx is blocked by dense films. Thanks to vaccinations (DPT, ADS-M), this disease, fortunately, has become rare.

Pseudocroup is caused by acute viral infections (eg parainfluenza virus or respiratory syncytial virus). The mucous membrane becomes inflamed, swells, and although films do not form, as in diphtheria, the result is the same – it is difficult for the child to breathe.

How does it all start?

Usually, the usual symptoms of acute respiratory infections appear first, i.e. runny nose, cough, fever. The first signs of the proximity of a false croup appear or intensify in the evening – this is a growing dry “barking” cough and a hoarse voice.

Then the breath becomes “noisy” – at first only during crying or anxiety, that is, when the baby breathes deeper and faster. After a while, these symptoms persist even in a calm state.

With croup, it is difficult for the baby to inhale exactly, that is, the inhalation turns out to be noisy, with effort, and the exhalation remains normal. During inhalation, you can notice how the jugular fossa (depression in the lower part of the neck between the collarbones) is drawn inward.

Is it possible to prevent false croup?

There are pathogens that most often cause croup: parainfluenza virus, influenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus. If a child has contracted this particular infection, the risk of developing croup is high, and, unfortunately, there are no remedies that protect against it.

There are children who get colds without this complication, but in some the mucous membrane is more prone to swelling, and if one episode of difficulty breathing with acute respiratory infections has already been, it is likely that such conditions will recur. Parents need to be ready for them – until the child grows up, and the croup ceases to threaten him.

What to do with false croup?

If you notice its signs, first of all, you need to calm yourself and the child, because when you are excited, the muscles of the larynx contract, and it becomes even harder to breathe.

For a “barking” cough, as long as breathing is silent and not labored, steam inhalation may help. Turn on hot water in the bathroom, let the child breathe in moist air for a few minutes.

If this does not help and breathing becomes difficult (noisy breathing, indrawing of the jugular fossa), call an ambulance and continue to do steam inhalation until it arrives. The doctor will prescribe special inhalations with a local hormonal preparation for croup. Don’t let the word “hormonal” scare you, because this drug works only in the respiratory tract, eliminating inflammation, and no other medicine for false croup will not be so effective. In severe cases, the doctor will inject a hormone (prednisolone or dexamethasone) intramuscularly. Don’t worry about side effects because short cycles of hormones are safe and life-saving in these situations.

If you are offered to hospitalize your child, do not refuse, because after temporary relief, breathing problems may recur.

There are conditions that can be confused with false croup, such as inflammation of the epiglottis (cartilage that closes the larynx when swallowing). This disease is called epiglottitis: the child’s temperature rises above 39 degrees, there is a severe sore throat, the mouth is difficult to open, and hormonal preparations do not help the child.

If the epiglottis is inflamed, the child is admitted to the hospital and treated with antibiotics. But this disease is rare, and false croup is caused by viruses, so it makes no sense to take antibiotics.

Is it possible to stop an attack of croup on your own?

If it is not the first time that a child has false croup, you can take home a special device for inhalation – a nebulizer (choose a compressor model, since ultrasound can destroy drugs used for croup). Your doctor will tell you what medication to have at home and how much to use if needed.

The child can return to kindergarten as soon as the body temperature returns to normal and the child feels well.

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Vomiting and diarrhea

Acute gastroenteritis is characterized by an increase in body temperature (from subfebrile condition to high fever), vomiting, stool thinning. Rotavirus is the most common cause of gastroenteritis. The most severe is the first episode of rotavirus gastroenteritis in children from 6 months to 2-3 years. The peak incidence of this infection occurs in the winter – spring.

The danger of viral gastroenteritis is associated with rapid dehydration and electrolyte disturbances due to loss of water and salts in loose stools and vomiting. Therefore, feeding the child is of fundamental importance. In order not to provoke vomiting, you need to drink fractionally (1 – 2 teaspoons), but often, if necessary, every few minutes. For convenience, you can use a syringe without a needle or a pipette. In no case should you drink the child with just water, this only exacerbates electrolyte disturbances! There are special saline solutions for drinking – rehydron (optimally ½ sachet per 1 liter of water), Humana electrolyte, etc.

Daily fluid requirement is shown in the table:

Child weight Daily fluid requirement
2-10 kg 100 ml/kg
10 – 20 kg 1000 ml + 50 ml/kg for each kg over 10 kg
> 20 kg 1500 ml + 20 ml/kg for every kg over 20 kg

In addition, ongoing fluid loss with loose stools and vomiting is taken into account – for each episode of diarrhea/vomiting, an additional 100-200 ml of fluid is given.

Intravenous rehydration (fluid replenishment with drips) is done only for severe dehydration and persistent vomiting. In all other cases, you need to drink the child – it is safe, effective and painless.

Smecta (but do not give smecta if it induces vomiting), espumizan or Sab simplex are used as adjuvants. Enterofuril is not recommended for use, as it is not effective either in viral infections or in invasive bacterial intestinal infections. In the diet in the acute period, fresh vegetables and fruits (except bananas), sweet drinks are excluded, and whole milk is limited only in older children.

Parents need to be aware of the first signs of dehydration – a decrease in the frequency and volume of urination, thirst, dry skin and mucous membranes. With increasing dehydration, the child becomes lethargic, stops urinating, thirst disappears, the skin loses turgor, and the eyes “sink”. In this case, there is no time to waste, it is necessary to call a doctor and hospitalize the child.

The appearance of blood and mucus in the stool in a child should be alerted, because this is typical for bacterial enterocolitis. Stool with such infections is not large (in contrast to copious watery stools with rotavirus infection), false urge to defecate and abdominal pain may be noted. Drinking water in such cases may not be enough, and, as a rule, antibiotics are required.

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Pneumonia

One of the serious diseases in children is pneumonia, or pneumonia. Pneumonia can pose a threat to a child’s life. Fortunately, modern medicine has learned to cope well with pneumonia, and this disease can be completely cured in most cases. Therefore, if your baby gets sick with fever and cough, contact your pediatrician. If pneumonia is suspected, a doctor may order an x-ray of the lungs to confirm the diagnosis.

What is pneumonia?

Pneumonia is an inflammation of the lung tissue, that is, the deepest part of the respiratory system. Normally, gas exchange occurs in the lungs, that is, oxygen from the air enters the blood, and carbon dioxide is released from the blood into the environment. When part of the lung is inflamed, the breathing function in the affected lung is affected and the child develops shortness of breath, that is, rapid and labored breathing. Substances produced during the immune system’s fight against bacteria cause fever (if the body temperature rises above 38 ° C, this is called a fever). The accumulation of sputum in the alveoli and bronchi and swelling of the mucous membrane stimulate the cough reflex, and a cough occurs. If the focus of pneumonia is near the lining of the lung, called the pleura, chest pains may occur when breathing and coughing.

What causes pneumonia?

There are many infections that can cause pneumonia. Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common cause of so-called “typical” pneumonia. Pneumococcal pneumonia is accompanied by fever, cough, shortness of breath, lethargy, and decreased appetite. Less commonly, pneumonia is caused by other pathogens – hemophilus influenzae (Haemophilus influenzae) type b, pyogenic streptococcus (Streptococcus pyogenes) and Staphylococcus aureus (Staphylococcus aureus). “Atypical” pneumonia, which is usually milder and quite contagious, is caused by mycoplasmas and chlamydia. Less commonly, pneumonia is caused by viruses (adenovirus, RS virus) – such pneumonias are rare and can be very difficult. Pneumonia can develop suddenly or be a complication of the flu.

What are the symptoms of pneumonia?

The most important symptom of pneumonia is fever. In a young child, fever may be the only manifestation. Fever above 39.5°C with chills and fever that is poorly reduced after taking antipyretic drugs should be especially alert. Although not always a high fever that does not respond well to antipyretics is a symptom of pneumonia. This may be a manifestation of a respiratory viral infection.

The second important symptom of pneumonia is a cough. The nature of the cough matters. Particularly alarming are the “deep” cough, cough at night and cough before vomiting.

Severe pneumonia is usually accompanied by shortness of breath, that is, rapid and labored breathing. Sometimes a symptom of pneumonia is pain in the abdomen, which occurs due to irritation of the pleura (lung membrane) during inflammation of the lung area adjacent to the pleura and due to frequent coughing and, accordingly, tension in the abdominal muscles.

Very important signs that speak in favor of pneumonia are symptoms of intoxication, such as fatigue, weakness, refusal to eat and even drink. At the same time, unlike pneumococcal pneumonia, with mycoplasmal pneumonia, the child may feel well.
Coughing and wheezing in the lungs are symptoms not only of pneumonia, but also of bronchitis. It is very important that the doctor distinguishes pneumonia from bronchitis, since antibiotics are not always required for bronchitis and only if its mycoplasmal etiology is suspected.

What can happen if pneumonia is not treated?

This is fraught with complications that are more likely to occur if pneumonia is left untreated. Complications of pneumonia are inflammation of the pleura (pleurisy) and the formation of a cavity in the lung filled with pus (lung abscess). In such cases, a longer course of antibiotics will be required, and sometimes the help of a surgeon.

How to treat pneumonia?

If you have bacterial pneumonia, your doctor will prescribe an antibiotic. The doctor will decide which antibiotic to choose depending on the suspected cause of the pneumonia. In most cases, the child can be given the antibiotic by mouth (as a suspension or tablets) rather than by injection. The effect of the antibiotic occurs within 24-48 hours. If after 1 – 2 days the child does not feel better and the temperature rises, consult a doctor again.

Usually a child with pneumonia can be treated at home. Hospitalization is required for severe and complicated pneumonia, when the child needs intravenous antibiotics, supplemental oxygen, pleural punctures, and other serious medical interventions.
Give the child an antipyretic (ibuprofen or paracetamol) if the body temperature rises above 38.5 to 39°C. Antitussives, such as butamirate (Sinekod drug), are contraindicated in pneumonia.

Can pneumonia be prevented?

There are vaccines designed to protect against pneumococcus and Haemophilus influenzae that cause the most severe forms of pneumonia (against pneumococcus – vaccines “Prevenar”, “Pneumo 23”, against Haemophilus influenzae – “Act-HIB”, “Hiberix”, the component against Haemophilus influenzae is part of the Pentaxim vaccine, the components against pneumococcus and Haemophilus influenzae are simultaneously included in the ” Synflorix). Since pneumococcal pneumonia often develops as a complication of influenza, influenza vaccination is useful. It is very important that parents do not smoke in the presence of a child, as secondhand smoke makes the lungs weak and vulnerable.

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Cough and runny nose: symptoms, causes and treatment

Contents

• 1 Cough and runny nose: causes, symptoms and effective treatment
  • 1.1 Cough
  • 1.2 Types of cough

  900 25 1.3 Causes of cough

  • 1.4 What symptoms accompany cough?
  • 1.5 How to treat a cough?
    • 1.5.1 Medications
    • 1.5.2 Alternative cough treatments
  • 0026
  • 1.7 Folk remedies for cough
    • 1.7.1 Drinks and infusions
    • 1.7.2 Use of heating pads and compresses
    • 1.7.3 Dry cough and its treatment with folk methods

    9002 6

  • 1.8 Runny nose: what is it?
  • 1.9 Runny nose: symptoms and manifestations
  • 1.10 Related videos:
  • 1. 11 Q&A:
    • • 1.11.0.1 What can cause cough and runny nose?
      • 1.11.0.2 When should I see a doctor if I have a cough or runny nose?
      • 1.11.0.3 What symptoms may accompany cough and runny nose?
      • 1.11.0.4 What is the most effective treatment for cough and runny nose?
      • 1.11.0.5 Can cough and runny nose lead to serious health complications?
      • 1.11.0.6 Can cough and runny nose be prevented?
  • 1.12 Treatment of the common cold
    • 1.12.1 Medications
    • 1.12.2 Folk remedies
    • 1.12.3 Correct daily routine
  • 1.13 How to prevent cough and runny nose?
    • 1.13.1 Maintain good hand hygiene
    • 1.13.2 Avoid close contact with people who are sick
    • 1.13.3 Get vaccinated
    • 1.13.4 Organize work and rest properly

An article about the causes and treatment of cough and runny nose. Find out what symptoms are characteristic of these diseases and how to get rid of them quickly and effectively.

One of the most common illnesses that we face in everyday life is cough and runny nose. Although most of us do not pay much attention to them, they can be a sign of an onset of illness.

Cough and runny nose can be manifestations of various diseases of the respiratory system, such as SARS, influenza, allergies or asthma. They can arise from a viral or bacterial infection, or from exposure to allergens or other irritants.

Cough and runny nose are treated according to their cause. In most cases, the symptoms can be alleviated with medication, but there are also many home remedies to help manage them. To avoid serious complications, it is recommended to monitor your health and consult a doctor if necessary.

Cough

Cough is the body’s defense response to an irritant that can be caused by diseases of the lungs, throat or nose. Viruses, bacteria, dust, tobacco smoke, and other substances can cause a cough, which is often accompanied by a sore throat and general discomfort.

Cough can be dry or wet, long or short. A dry cough is accompanied by unpleasant pain in the chest and mouth, as well as increased irritation of the throat and respiratory tract. A wet cough is accompanied by sputum emissions, which helps to clear the lungs of pathogens and mucus.

Cough treatment depends on its cause. If the cough is caused by a cold, then it is enough to drink more fluids and take cough medicines. If the cough does not stop for more than a week, then you should consult a doctor and get a complex therapy that will help avoid serious complications.

• What you need to know:
  • Cough is the body’s defense response to an irritant.
  • Cough treatment depends on its cause.
  • Dry cough accompanied by soreness in the chest and throat.
  • Loose cough accompanied by phlegm to clear the lungs.

Types of cough

Cough is a protective reflex of the body that rids us of unnecessary and harmful substances. Due to various reasons, it can be of a different nature and duration. Consider some types of cough.

• Dry cough: is characterized by the fact that no sputum is produced during the cough. This type of cough can be persistent and lead to chest pain.
• Phlegm cough: accompanied by sputum production. It may be thin or thick and may vary in color depending on the cause of the cough.
• Paroxysmal cough: manifests itself in sudden attacks and can lead to breath holding and chest pain.
• Allergic cough: results from an allergic reaction of the body to a substance. It may be dry or wet.

In any case, when a cough occurs, it is necessary to consult a doctor to determine its cause and prescribe appropriate treatment.

Causes of cough

Cough is a protective reaction of the body to various stimuli in the environment. When our airways become irritated, we begin to cough in order to clear them of foreign substances and microorganisms. However, coughing can also be a sign of certain illnesses such as colds, flu, bronchitis, pneumonia, and others.

One of the causes of coughing is the presence of harmful substances in the surrounding atmosphere. High concentrations of dust, smoke, gases, chemicals and other wastes can cause severe irritation of the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract and thus lead to coughing.

Cough can be caused by various types of infections . From a common cold to dangerous pneumonia. All these infections lead to damage to the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract, which causes a sharp cough.

• Viral infection. It could be the flu, a cold, or another respiratory virus. At the same time, along with a cough, symptoms such as a runny nose, headache, and fever appear.
• Bacterial infection. Its clear sign is a yellowish or greenish wet cough. Other symptoms may also include fever, chest pain, and difficulty breathing.
• Allergy. It can cause persistent cough and weakness. So that the allergy does not turn into a more serious disease, you need to see a doctor.

Passive smoking is another cause of cough that is becoming more and more relevant these days. The fact that a smoker loads his body with harmful substances so much that the status of a secondary smoker is attached to him is not a secret here. However, even if you have never smoked in your life, but live with a smoker, it is likely that you will often cough and have a runny nose.

What are the symptoms associated with coughing?

Cough itself is not an independent disease, it is only a symptom of the body to the intervention of an infection or other causes. All the sensations that you experience while coughing are symptoms of the disease that signal an existing problem.

So, cough is accompanied by the following symptoms:

• Sore throat . This symptom is observed mainly dry cough, as constant irritation in the throat can cause unpleasant and painful sensations;
• Chest pain . When the cough becomes severe, the patient may experience discomfort and pain in the chest;
• Sputum production . This is the most typical cough symptom, when the presence of sputum indicates problems with the lungs and bronchi;
• Fatigue, weakness and lethargy . Coughing tires the body, so it is not surprising that fatigue and weakness can occur against the background of an incessant cough. In addition, the disease that caused the cough can further reduce the strength of the patient.

If you experience a cough for more than 5-7 days, you should pay attention not only to the existing symptoms, but also to start treatment.

How to treat a cough?

Cough is a reaction to irritation of the respiratory tract, usually caused by viruses or bacteria. Treatment for a cough depends on its cause and may include both medication and non-traditional methods.

Medications

To treat a cough, a doctor may prescribe medications such as:

• Mucolytics – reduce the viscosity of sputum and help to remove it from the lungs.
• Expectorants – increase sputum production and improve its discharge.
• Antibiotics – given for a bacterial infection of the respiratory tract that causes a cough.
• Antihistamines – used to reduce swelling and irritation of the airways, which can reduce coughing.

Alternative cough treatments

Alternative cough treatments can help reduce symptoms and speed up recovery. These include:

1. Hot drink – such as tea with honey and lemon, helps to reduce irritation of the respiratory tract and moisturizes the mucous membranes.
2. Inhalation – allows you to speed up the removal of sputum from the lungs and reduce the formation of mucus in the throat.
3. Humid indoor air – can help reduce irritation of the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract.
4. Aromatherapy – Using essential oils can help reduce coughs and improve breathing.

Conclusions: Benefits of medical treatment: Benefits of non-traditional methods:

Cough medicines: what medicines can help you get rid of your symptoms

Cough is one of the most common cold and flu symptoms that can last for several days and nights and cause severe discomfort. But there are many medicines that can help manage a cough.

Cough relievers

• Mucolytics. These drugs help thin phlegm to pass out of the bronchi, thereby reducing irritation and alleviating coughing. One of the most popular mucolytics is acetylcysteine.
• Surveyors. These drugs help to cough up phlegm, which relieves coughing and improves breathing. Guayafenesin-based preparations are commonly used to treat cough caused by respiratory diseases.

Cough suppressants

• Codeine-based preparations. Codeine is a narcotic analgesic that has a pronounced antitussive effect. However, its use requires close attention, as preparations containing codeine can be addictive and adversely affect health.

Cough relievers

• Bronchodilators. These medications help widen the airways, making it easier to breathe when you cough. Bronchodilators are often used to treat asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
• Salt inhalation. Inhalations with a saline solution help soften breathing, moisten mucous membranes and relieve coughing. However, before using inhalers, you should consult your doctor.

Folk remedies for coughs

Drinks and infusions

Tea with honey and lemon is one of the most popular folk remedies for coughs. It softens the throat and reduces inflammation. In addition, you can add ginger, which also helps fight coughs and strengthens the immune system.

Another effective drink is an infusion of thyme herb. It has a slow but long-lasting effect, reduces inflammation and makes breathing easier. It can be drunk both hot and chilled.

Gargling with an infusion of chamomile or eucalyptus can also help with a cough. They have anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties.

Applying heating pads and compresses

The chest heating pad is one of the oldest methods of cough control. It helps soften roughness and reduce breathing relief. You can add mint to it – this tool will help increase the effectiveness of the heating pad.

Compresses with various oils, including camphor or vegetable oils, can also help. You need to make sure that the skin is not damaged and check that you are not allergic to a particular oil. They also help reduce coughing and expand the bronchi.

Dry cough and its traditional treatment

Dry cough is often irritating and dilution can be applied when trying to manage it. To do this, you can use different oils, for example, juniper, or add honey.

Another method of breathing exercises. It helps to relax the chest and improve breathing, as well as cope with a dry cough. Breathing exercises techniques can be found on the Internet, on various sites.

Runny nose: what is it?

The common cold is a common illness that affects the upper respiratory tract and causes unpleasant symptoms such as nasal congestion, mucus, sneezing, itchy and irritated nose, as well as headache and fatigue.

A runny nose can be caused by a variety of causes, including viruses, bacteria, allergens, and environmental irritants. Depending on the cause, a runny nose can last from a few days to several weeks.

Treatment for the common cold may include various medications such as vasoconstrictor nasal drops, antihistamines, antibiotics, as well as traditional treatments such as nasal irrigation kits and heat.

• The common cold is a common illness that causes discomfort in the upper respiratory tract.
• A runny nose can be caused by a variety of causes, including viruses, bacteria, allergens, and environmental irritants.
• Treatment of the common cold may include the use of various medicines and conventional therapies.

Runny nose: symptoms and manifestations

Runny nose is a very unpleasant phenomenon, accompanied by difficulty breathing through the nose. A sick person has the following symptoms:

• Violation of nasal breathing or its complete absence. And often there are patients who breathe only through the mouth, leading to additional stress on the throat and lungs.
• Violent discharge of mucus from the nose, with difficulty in passing it.
• Brown, green or yellow oozing mucus.
• Cookies and itching in the nose, which constantly leads to sneezing.
• Sensation of swollen nasal mucosa leading to visual and hearing impairment.

If the symptoms of a runny nose do not improve after 3 days, it is necessary to consult a doctor for diagnosis and treatment. Also, it is worth seeking medical attention if headaches and nausea, not related to the bow, also accompany a runny nose.

Related videos:

Q&A:

What can cause cough and runny nose?

Cough and runny nose can be caused by a variety of things, including viruses, bacteria, allergens, cold air, respiratory tract infections, and other factors.

When should I see a doctor for a cough and runny nose?

If cough and runny nose persist for more than a week, are accompanied by severe chest pain, high fever, difficulty breathing, or other symptoms, seek medical attention.

What symptoms can accompany cough and runny nose?

Cough and runny nose may be accompanied by headache, weakness, fatigue, muscle soreness, nausea, vomiting and other symptoms.

What are the most effective treatments for cough and runny nose?

Depending on the cause of the cough and runny nose, treatment with viral or antibacterial drugs, antihistamines, cough medicines, inhalations, therapeutic massage, and other methods may be required. However, the best approach is to prevent illness by using personal protective equipment such as masks, hand and surface disinfectants.

Can a cough and runny nose lead to serious health complications?

Yes, coughs and runny noses can cause complications, especially in people with weakened immune systems and in children. Complications may include pneumonia, bronchitis, asthma, sinusitis, and other respiratory problems.

Can cough and runny nose be prevented?

Yes, there are several ways you can help prevent coughs and runny noses, including boosting your immune system, avoiding contact with infected people, practicing hand hygiene, getting vaccinated against infections and allergies, reducing stress, and maintaining a healthy lifestyle.

Treatment of the common cold

Medicines

Treatment of the common cold with medicines is the most common method. For this, it is convenient to use drops and sprays containing vasoconstrictor and antihistamine substances. When choosing drugs, you should definitely pay attention to their composition, purpose and method of application.

Folk remedies

In addition, various folk remedies can be used to treat the common cold. One of the most effective is rinsing the nose with a saline solution. As a solution, you can use sea salt or ordinary table salt diluted in warm water. This helps to flush out mucus and eliminate congestion.

The correct daily routine

In addition to the use of drugs and folk remedies, it is important to establish the correct daily routine. It is necessary to provide sufficient rest, strengthen the immune system, eat right and exercise. The body must receive the necessary vitamins and minerals to fight the infection that caused the runny nose.

• A runny nose is usually not a dangerous disease, but it can cause a lot of inconvenience and discomfort.
• The common cold can be treated in various ways: with the help of medicines, folk remedies and the correct daily routine.
• When choosing drugs, be sure to pay attention to their composition and method of application.
• It is effective to use a saline solution for rinsing the nose.
• It is important to set the right daily routine in order to strengthen the immune system.

How to prevent cough and runny nose?

Maintain good hand hygiene

Clean hands can help prevent the spread of infection. Wash your hands regularly with soap and water for 20 seconds or use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer. It’s important to remember that germs can be on everyday items like doorknobs and keyboards, so avoid touching your face unless you’ve washed your hands.

Avoid close contact with sick people

If a colleague or friend has a cough or runny nose, avoid close contact with them.