How does fibromyalgia affect energy levels and cognitive function. What are effective ways to manage fibromyalgia-related fatigue and brain fog. How can lifestyle modifications improve quality of life for those with fibromyalgia.

The Invisible Struggle: Fibromyalgia’s Impact on Energy and Cognition

Fibromyalgia is a complex condition that extends far beyond chronic pain. For many individuals living with this disorder, extreme fatigue and cognitive difficulties – often referred to as “fibro fog” – can be equally challenging aspects of daily life. These symptoms, while very real to those experiencing them, are often invisible to others and difficult to measure objectively.

Up to 80% of people with fibromyalgia report experiencing severe fatigue that goes well beyond ordinary tiredness. This overwhelming exhaustion frequently coincides with sleep disturbances, creating a cyclical pattern that can be difficult to break. Meanwhile, over half of fibromyalgia patients describe struggling with cognitive symptoms that impact memory, concentration, and mental clarity.

What does fibromyalgia fatigue feel like?

Fibromyalgia fatigue is often described as:

• An all-encompassing exhaustion that persists even after rest
• A heaviness in the body that makes even simple tasks feel challenging
• A constant drain on energy reserves, leaving little enthusiasm for activities
• A frustrating mismatch between the desire to do things and the physical ability to follow through

How does fibro fog manifest?

Common cognitive symptoms associated with fibromyalgia include:

• Difficulty focusing or maintaining attention
• Problems with short-term memory and forgetfulness
• Challenges in finding the right words or following conversations
• Feeling mentally “sluggish” or unable to think clearly
• Reduced ability to multitask or process information quickly

The Science Behind Fibromyalgia Symptoms: What We Know

While researchers have made significant strides in understanding the mechanisms behind fibromyalgia pain, the exact causes of fatigue and cognitive symptoms remain less clear. Current theories suggest that abnormalities in how the brain processes pain signals may also affect other neurological functions, including those related to energy regulation and cognitive processing.

Some studies have identified differences in brain activity and connectivity in people with fibromyalgia, particularly in areas involved in pain perception, attention, and executive function. Additionally, disruptions in sleep patterns and the body’s stress response systems likely contribute to both fatigue and cognitive difficulties.

Are there objective tests for fibromyalgia fatigue and fog?

Currently, there are no specific medical tests that can definitively measure the severity of fibromyalgia-related fatigue or cognitive impairment. Diagnosis and symptom assessment rely heavily on patient-reported experiences and comprehensive evaluations by healthcare providers. This lack of objective measures can sometimes lead to frustration and misunderstanding, both for patients and their support networks.

Exercise: A Counterintuitive but Crucial Treatment Approach

When grappling with extreme fatigue, the idea of exercise may seem counterproductive or even impossible. However, a consistent and appropriately paced exercise regimen is one of the most effective strategies for managing fibromyalgia symptoms, including fatigue and cognitive function.

Why is exercise beneficial for fibromyalgia?

Regular physical activity offers multiple benefits for those with fibromyalgia:

• Improves overall energy levels and reduces fatigue over time
• Strengthens muscles, potentially alleviating pain and improving function
• Enhances sleep quality, which can positively impact both fatigue and cognitive symptoms
• Boosts mood and reduces stress, indirectly supporting better cognitive function
• May stimulate neuroplasticity and cognitive performance

How should fibromyalgia patients approach exercise?

The key to successful exercise with fibromyalgia is a gradual, consistent approach:

1. Start with very gentle activities and short durations
2. Gradually increase intensity and duration as tolerated
3. Focus on consistency rather than intensity
4. Include a mix of aerobic exercise, strength training, and flexibility work
5. Consider low-impact options like swimming, cycling, or elliptical machines
6. Explore gentle movement therapies such as yoga, tai chi, or qi gong

Working with a physical therapist experienced in fibromyalgia can be invaluable in developing a safe and effective exercise plan tailored to individual needs and limitations.

Pacing and Energy Management: Strategies for Daily Life

Learning to effectively manage limited energy reserves is crucial for those living with fibromyalgia. Pacing involves carefully balancing activity and rest to avoid the “boom and bust” cycle of overexertion followed by prolonged recovery periods.

What are effective pacing techniques for fibromyalgia?

Consider implementing these pacing strategies:

• Break large tasks into smaller, manageable steps
• Alternate periods of activity with short rest breaks
• Prioritize activities and learn to say “no” to less important commitments
• Use a fatigue journal to identify personal energy patterns and triggers
• Plan high-priority tasks for times when energy levels are typically higher
• Incorporate relaxation techniques and stress management into daily routines

How can technology assist with energy management?

Leveraging technology can help individuals with fibromyalgia better organize their lives and conserve energy:

• Use digital calendars or planning apps to color-code activities by importance and energy requirements
• Set reminders for rest breaks, medication schedules, and important tasks
• Explore productivity apps designed to break down complex projects into smaller steps
• Consider wearable devices that track sleep patterns and activity levels to inform pacing decisions

Adapting the Work Environment: Accommodations for Fibromyalgia

For individuals with fibromyalgia who work outside the home, certain workplace accommodations can significantly improve their ability to manage symptoms and maintain productivity. Open communication with employers about the challenges of fibromyalgia is often the first step in creating a more supportive work environment.

What workplace accommodations can benefit those with fibromyalgia?

Potential workplace modifications to discuss with employers include:

• Flexible work schedules or the option to work from home when symptoms flare
• Ergonomic adjustments to workstations to reduce physical strain
• Permission for more frequent short breaks to rest or stretch
• Reduced noise or lighting in the work area to minimize sensory overload
• Task modifications that align better with individual strengths and limitations
• Access to a quiet space for brief periods of rest or relaxation

In some cases, working with an occupational therapist can help identify specific workplace adaptations that may be beneficial. Additionally, mental health professionals or neurologists may offer strategies to improve focus and cognitive function in professional settings.

The Sleep-Fatigue Connection: Improving Rest Quality

The relationship between sleep quality and fatigue levels in fibromyalgia is well-established. Many individuals with fibromyalgia experience sleep disturbances that contribute to daytime fatigue and exacerbate other symptoms. While some medications prescribed for fibromyalgia may help improve sleep, adopting good sleep hygiene practices is equally important.

What are effective sleep hygiene practices for fibromyalgia patients?

To promote better sleep quality, consider implementing these strategies:

• Maintain a consistent sleep schedule, even on weekends
• Create a calm, dark, and cool sleeping environment
• Limit exposure to blue light from electronic devices before bedtime
• Develop a relaxing pre-sleep routine to wind down
• Avoid caffeine, alcohol, and large meals close to bedtime
• Engage in gentle stretching or relaxation exercises in the evening
• Use comfortable, supportive bedding and pillows

Are there other medical conditions that can contribute to fatigue in fibromyalgia?

It’s important to note that some individuals with fibromyalgia may have co-existing conditions that contribute to fatigue. These can include:

• Thyroid disorders
• Anemia
• Sleep apnea
• Autoimmune diseases
• Depression or anxiety

Working closely with healthcare providers to identify and address any underlying conditions is crucial for comprehensive symptom management.

Communicating the Invisible: Helping Others Understand Fibromyalgia

One of the most challenging aspects of living with fibromyalgia is explaining the impact of invisible symptoms like fatigue and cognitive difficulties to friends, family, and colleagues. The lack of outward signs can sometimes lead to misunderstandings or skepticism from others.

How can individuals with fibromyalgia effectively communicate their experiences?

Consider these strategies for helping others understand the realities of fibromyalgia:

• Educate loved ones about fibromyalgia as a recognized medical condition
• Explain that symptoms can vary in intensity from day to day
• Use specific examples to illustrate how fatigue and cognitive symptoms affect daily life
• Share reputable resources or information from medical professionals
• Be clear and direct when asking for help or accommodations
• Consider inviting close friends or family members to medical appointments

It may be helpful to describe fibromyalgia in terms of how the brain processes signals differently, leading to a range of symptoms beyond just pain. This can help others grasp the complex nature of the condition and its wide-reaching effects.

What role can support groups play in managing fibromyalgia?

Connecting with others who have fibromyalgia can be immensely valuable:

• Provides emotional support and understanding
• Offers opportunities to share coping strategies and practical tips
• Reduces feelings of isolation and validates experiences
• Can be a source of up-to-date information on treatments and research

Consider exploring local support groups or online communities dedicated to fibromyalgia to find a supportive network of individuals facing similar challenges.

Holistic Approaches: Complementary Therapies for Fibromyalgia Management

While conventional medical treatments form the foundation of fibromyalgia management, many individuals find value in incorporating complementary therapies to address fatigue, cognitive symptoms, and overall well-being. These approaches often focus on reducing stress, promoting relaxation, and supporting the body’s natural healing processes.

What complementary therapies show promise for fibromyalgia symptoms?

Several alternative and complementary treatments have shown potential benefits for some individuals with fibromyalgia:

• Acupuncture: May help reduce pain and fatigue
• Massage therapy: Can promote relaxation and improve sleep quality
• Mindfulness meditation: May reduce stress and improve cognitive function
• Biofeedback: Can help individuals learn to control certain bodily processes
• Herbal supplements: Some, like SAM-e, have shown promise in studies (consult with a healthcare provider before use)
• Cognitive-behavioral therapy: Helps develop coping strategies and manage stress
• Hydrotherapy: Warm water exercises can be gentle on joints and muscles

It’s important to approach complementary therapies as part of a comprehensive treatment plan developed in consultation with healthcare providers. What works for one individual may not be effective for another, and some alternative treatments may interact with medications or have side effects.

How can nutrition support fibromyalgia management?

While there is no specific “fibromyalgia diet,” some dietary approaches may help manage symptoms:

• Emphasize whole, nutrient-dense foods to support overall health
• Consider an anti-inflammatory diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and omega-3 fatty acids
• Stay hydrated to help combat fatigue and support cognitive function
• Limit caffeine and alcohol, which can disrupt sleep patterns
• Identify and avoid any personal food triggers that exacerbate symptoms
• Consult with a registered dietitian for personalized nutrition advice

Some individuals with fibromyalgia report benefits from eliminating certain foods, such as gluten or dairy, but it’s crucial to make dietary changes under professional guidance to ensure nutritional needs are met.

The Road Ahead: Ongoing Research and Future Treatments

As understanding of fibromyalgia continues to evolve, researchers are exploring new avenues for treatment and management of symptoms, including fatigue and cognitive difficulties. While current approaches focus on symptom management and improving quality of life, future developments may offer more targeted therapies.

What are some promising areas of fibromyalgia research?

Ongoing and future research directions in fibromyalgia include:

• Neuroimaging studies to better understand brain changes associated with fibromyalgia
• Investigation of genetic factors that may contribute to fibromyalgia risk
• Development of more sensitive diagnostic tools and biomarkers
• Exploration of novel pain-modulating medications
• Research into the role of the gut microbiome in fibromyalgia symptoms
• Studies on the effectiveness of medical cannabis for symptom management
• Refinement of non-invasive brain stimulation techniques

How can individuals with fibromyalgia stay informed about new developments?

To stay up-to-date on fibromyalgia research and treatment options:

• Regularly consult with healthcare providers specializing in fibromyalgia
• Follow reputable fibromyalgia organizations and their publications
• Consider participating in clinical trials, if appropriate and available
• Attend educational seminars or webinars on fibromyalgia management
• Join patient advocacy groups that often share the latest research findings

While living with fibromyalgia presents significant challenges, ongoing advances in understanding and treating the condition offer hope for improved management strategies and quality of life. By staying informed, working closely with healthcare providers, and actively engaging in self-management techniques, individuals with fibromyalgia can develop effective strategies to navigate the complexities of fatigue, cognitive symptoms, and other aspects of the condition.

How it Feels & Treatment Tips

Written by Julie Canter

• They’re Real
• Slow but Steady Exercise
• Scale Back
• Get Organized
• Make Your Day More Fibro-Friendly
• Better Sleep
• Help Others See What You Feel
• More

Fibromyalgia goes beyond pain. It can also affect your thinking ability, a symptom called fibro fog, and your energy level, leaving you with extreme fatigue. Even though you feel these symptoms, they aren’t visible, and there aren’t any tests that can measure them.

You’ll need to work closely with your medical team to address your specific challenges with fatigue and fibro fog, because they’re a little different for everyone. Do your part by taking steps to conserve energy and overcome concentration and memory issues to power through your day.

Severe fatigue — more than just being tired — affects up to 4 out of 5 of people with fibromyalgia. It often goes hand-in-hand with sleepless nights. Together, they leave you drained and exhausted.

While scientists are learning more about what’s happening in your brain that causes the pain and some other symptoms, what’s behind fibro fog remains unclear. That name says it all: a fuzzy-headed feeling that keeps you from thinking clearly. You may get distracted, forget or lose things, and struggle to keep up with conversations.

Over half of people with fibromyalgia say they have these kinds of problems, and many feel the fog impacts their lives more than the pain, tenderness, and fatigue.

Given how you feel, you may want to shy away from exercise. But it’s one of the most effective ways to handle fibromyalgia.

When you’re too tired to exercise, that lack of activity leads to greater muscle weakness and more fatigue. Over time, regular exercise lessens fatigue. Consistency can have a greater impact than intensity.

It’s possible that exercise also creates a positive chain reaction that boosts brain function. Studies show a link between physical ability and thinking ability. People who can do more physically often do better in areas like attention and decision-making.

Start out at an easy pace. Work with a physical therapist to find the right beginner program for you and adapt it as you get stronger. This is especially helpful if you’re nervous about exercising.

Strength training helps you regain muscle, and that helps with pain and fatigue for some people. Use resistance bands or a light weight to start.

Very gentle movement therapies like yoga, tai chi, and qi gong all get you moving, but yoga often has best effect on fatigue.

If you’re frustrated by what you can’t do, try pacing yourself. Cut back on less important activities to have the energy to enjoy more meaningful ones.

Break down big tasks into manageable bites. As you complete each one, you’ll have a sense of accomplishment rather than feel discouraged.

Build in short rest periods between tasks. Keep a journal to find the best activity/rest balance for you.

Use an online calendar or app that lets you color-code activities by importance. Plan work projects and home responsibilities at least a week in advance.

Then take a big-picture look. Are there too many high-priority items and not enough down time? Make adjustments, even if it means sometimes saying “no.”

Take a fibromyalgia education program to learn healthy behaviors and how to tweak everyday activities for less stress.

If you work outside the home, talk to your employer about things that might help you do your job:

• Take breaks more often
• Change your work schedule
• Switch to a different position that better matches your abilities

A psychologist or neurologist may be able to suggest more adaptations, or use biofeedback or cognitive behavior therapy to boost your focus. An occupational therapist can show you how to make physical changes, from a better workstation to stretches you can do at your desk.

There’s a strong connection between sleep quality and your level of fatigue. While some fibromyalgia medications may help, they may not be enough. In addition to regular exercise and pacing yourself, practice good sleep habits. These include a regular bedtime and wake-up time and a dark, cool, quiet room

Some people with fibromyalgia have a second condition that causes fatigue, like an inflammatory disease, anemia, or low thyroid. Get tested and, if needed, treated.

Because fibro fog and fatigue aren’t obvious, it can be hard for friends and loved ones to understand what you’re dealing with.

Let the people in your life know that you have a disease that affects your muscles and causes pain, fatigue, and thinking problems. It might help to say researchers are pretty sure that certain areas of the brain don’t process nerve signals correctly, leading to a wide range of symptoms.

When you ask for help — and it’s OK to do that — be specific about what you need.

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How it Feels & Treatment Tips

Written by Julie Canter

• They’re Real
• Slow but Steady Exercise
• Scale Back
• Get Organized
• Make Your Day More Fibro-Friendly
• Better Sleep
• Help Others See What You Feel
• More

Fibromyalgia goes beyond pain. It can also affect your thinking ability, a symptom called fibro fog, and your energy level, leaving you with extreme fatigue. Even though you feel these symptoms, they aren’t visible, and there aren’t any tests that can measure them.

You’ll need to work closely with your medical team to address your specific challenges with fatigue and fibro fog, because they’re a little different for everyone. Do your part by taking steps to conserve energy and overcome concentration and memory issues to power through your day.

Severe fatigue — more than just being tired — affects up to 4 out of 5 of people with fibromyalgia. It often goes hand-in-hand with sleepless nights. Together, they leave you drained and exhausted.

While scientists are learning more about what’s happening in your brain that causes the pain and some other symptoms, what’s behind fibro fog remains unclear. That name says it all: a fuzzy-headed feeling that keeps you from thinking clearly. You may get distracted, forget or lose things, and struggle to keep up with conversations.

Over half of people with fibromyalgia say they have these kinds of problems, and many feel the fog impacts their lives more than the pain, tenderness, and fatigue.

Given how you feel, you may want to shy away from exercise. But it’s one of the most effective ways to handle fibromyalgia.

When you’re too tired to exercise, that lack of activity leads to greater muscle weakness and more fatigue. Over time, regular exercise lessens fatigue. Consistency can have a greater impact than intensity.

It’s possible that exercise also creates a positive chain reaction that boosts brain function. Studies show a link between physical ability and thinking ability. People who can do more physically often do better in areas like attention and decision-making.

Start out at an easy pace. Work with a physical therapist to find the right beginner program for you and adapt it as you get stronger. This is especially helpful if you’re nervous about exercising.

Strength training helps you regain muscle, and that helps with pain and fatigue for some people. Use resistance bands or a light weight to start.

Very gentle movement therapies like yoga, tai chi, and qi gong all get you moving, but yoga often has best effect on fatigue.

If you’re frustrated by what you can’t do, try pacing yourself. Cut back on less important activities to have the energy to enjoy more meaningful ones.

Break down big tasks into manageable bites. As you complete each one, you’ll have a sense of accomplishment rather than feel discouraged.

Build in short rest periods between tasks. Keep a journal to find the best activity/rest balance for you.

Use an online calendar or app that lets you color-code activities by importance. Plan work projects and home responsibilities at least a week in advance.

Then take a big-picture look. Are there too many high-priority items and not enough down time? Make adjustments, even if it means sometimes saying “no.”

Take a fibromyalgia education program to learn healthy behaviors and how to tweak everyday activities for less stress.

If you work outside the home, talk to your employer about things that might help you do your job:

• Take breaks more often
• Change your work schedule
• Switch to a different position that better matches your abilities

A psychologist or neurologist may be able to suggest more adaptations, or use biofeedback or cognitive behavior therapy to boost your focus. An occupational therapist can show you how to make physical changes, from a better workstation to stretches you can do at your desk.

There’s a strong connection between sleep quality and your level of fatigue. While some fibromyalgia medications may help, they may not be enough. In addition to regular exercise and pacing yourself, practice good sleep habits. These include a regular bedtime and wake-up time and a dark, cool, quiet room

Some people with fibromyalgia have a second condition that causes fatigue, like an inflammatory disease, anemia, or low thyroid. Get tested and, if needed, treated.

Because fibro fog and fatigue aren’t obvious, it can be hard for friends and loved ones to understand what you’re dealing with.

Let the people in your life know that you have a disease that affects your muscles and causes pain, fatigue, and thinking problems. It might help to say researchers are pretty sure that certain areas of the brain don’t process nerve signals correctly, leading to a wide range of symptoms.

When you ask for help — and it’s OK to do that — be specific about what you need.

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causes, symptoms and treatment in Moscow at the FSCC FMBA

Fibromyalgia (fibromyalgia syndrome) is a complex, long-term disorder that is accompanied by widespread pain, severe fatigue, sleep problems. Pain occurs in muscles and joints throughout the body for no apparent reason.

The disease can develop in anyone, including the elderly and children. It is worth noting that fibromyalgia is more often recorded in adult women aged 25 to 55 years.

Scientists suggest that the cause of fibromyalgia is an abnormal reaction of the central nervous system to pain signals that are transmitted throughout the body. In the process of complex diagnostics, it is not possible to establish the nature of the symptoms. Laboratory and instrumental diagnostic parameters are within the normal range.

In clinical practice, doctors use criteria to make a diagnosis. The hallmarks of fibromyalgia are the presence of widespread, intense pain that persists for three months or more, as well as the lack of a clear explanation for the development of symptoms.

A rheumatologist specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of fibromyalgia. Treatment options include patient education, exercise, management of comorbid conditions that may contribute to symptoms, and medication.

Symptoms

Prolonged, widespread pain in all parts of the body is the main manifestation of fibromyalgia. Pain may be more pronounced in some parts of the body, such as the neck or back. The pain may feel like burning or tingling. The pain syndrome grows slowly, patients seek medical help after a few years, when pain reduces the quality of life.

Patients have many other symptoms that may come and go, get worse or worse over time. It is often difficult to establish a pattern in the appearance of symptoms.

The main signs of fibromyalgia include:

• Generalized pain. The pain is often described as dull. To be considered common, pain must occur on the right and left sides of the body, and above and below the waist;
• Fatigue. “Broken” condition, fatigue immediately after waking up accompanies patients, even despite prolonged sleep;
• Cloudiness of consciousness. Patients complain of problems with thought processes, memory loss, difficulty concentrating.

Fibromyalgia is a multi-symptom disorder.

Common associated features include:

• Hypersensitivity to pain
• Constant muscle tension
• Stiffness in the joints more in the morning and evening hours
• Touch sensitivity
• Sleep disorder
• Headaches, migraines
• Symptoms of anxiety disorder, depression
• Gastrointestinal disorders, irritable bowel syndrome, which is manifested by abdominal pain, bloating, stool disorder

Fibromyalgia patients are more likely to have functional symptoms such as cold hands and feet, wet palms, dry mouth and eyes, and dizziness when changing body position.

Symptoms may worsen or improve depending on the following factors:

• Stress level
• Cold weather, high humidity
• Climate Change
• Morning Hours
• Physical activity level

Reasons

The exact causes of fibromyalgia remain unknown and continue to be the subject of scientific debate.

Recent studies show the genetic nature of fibromyalgia. The disease often runs in families among siblings and their parents.

Fibromyalgia is not an autoimmune disease or a pathology caused by inflammation. The main role is played by changes in the functioning of the nervous system. It is believed that people with fibromyalgia have an increased reaction of the central nervous system in response to stimuli in the form of pain symptoms. This reaction is associated with an excessive accumulation of chemicals in the brain that signal pain. It is worth noting that usually these stimuli do not cause pain in healthy people.

The development of fibromyalgia can provoke acute conditions. These include acute infectious diseases, traumatic injuries. Provoking factors also include intense physical activity, emotional stress.

Diagnostics

Fibromyalgia is a diagnosis of exclusion. There is no specific diagnostic test for fibromyalgia, and the symptoms that patients describe are similar to a number of other conditions. Before making a diagnosis, the doctor must rule out all possible causes of symptoms.

Fibromyalgia can occur in isolation, as well as against the background of other rheumatic diseases. Often coexists with psychiatric disorders such as anxiety and depression. For this reason, each patient at the appointment is asked to fill out an anxiety and depression questionnaire.

A rheumatologist deals with diagnostic issues, confirms the diagnosis and prescribes effective treatment to control the symptoms of fibromyalgia.

Attention is drawn to the three characteristic features of fibromyalgia, which include:

• Generalized severe pain
• Presence of symptoms for three months
• Absence of other health problems that could explain the pain and other symptoms

Diagnostic criteria include widespread pain in all parts of the body for at least three months, as well as pain when pressure is applied to trigger points in certain anatomical locations. The pain threshold at these points is reduced.

Painful points are identified symmetrically on both halves of the body. The force of pressure should not exceed 4 kg. The doctor can use a dolorimeter – a device that gives a dosed load.

It should be noted that according to the latest recommendations from 2016, the determination of sensitive points is not required. The key criteria are widespread pain for at least three months.

To qualify, pain must be in at least four of these five areas:

• Left upper area including shoulder, arm, jaw
• Right upper region including shoulder, arm, jaw
• Left lower region including thigh, buttock, leg
• Right lower region including thigh, buttock, leg
• Vertical which includes the neck, back, chest or abdomen

The doctor conducts a physical examination, during which he identifies or excludes other causes of muscle pain. An underactive thyroid gland (hypothyroidism) as well as polymyalgia rheumatica can mimic fibromyalgia. Blood tests allow you to establish the presence of the described diseases.

The symptoms of fibromyalgia are also similar to those of rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. A careful examination, questioning, as well as laboratory and instrumental diagnostics allow the attending physician to detect these conditions.

To exclude other conditions that may have similar symptoms, the doctor prescribes tests:

• General and biochemical blood test;
• Erythrocyte sedimentation rate;
• Antibodies to cyclic citrulline-containing peptide;
• Rheumatoid factor;
• Thyroid hormones;
• Antinuclear antibodies.

Treatment at the Federal Scientific and Practical Center

Standard approaches to the treatment of fibromyalgia include drug therapy, behavioral therapy and patient education, and exercise programs. The maximum effect is achieved when using several types of treatment.

Non-drug therapy

• Physical exercise. Research shows that outdoor exercise is the most effective treatment. They activate a powerful pain relief system, it is recommended to perform in addition to drug treatment;
• Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is a psychotherapeutic technique that has shown the greatest effectiveness in the treatment of fibromyalgia. CBT focuses on understanding how thought processes and ingrained habits affect pain and other symptoms. The technique focuses on changing the emotional response and behavior;
• Alternative acceptable therapies that include acupuncture, physiotherapy, massage, myofascial relaxation may be useful in combination with primary treatment.

Medical therapy

The goal of conservative therapy is to relieve symptoms and improve quality of life.

To control the manifestations of fibromyalgia, drugs from the following groups are used:

• Pain medications available without a prescription. Acetaminophen, ibuprofen may be effective in reducing pain symptoms;
• Antiepileptic drugs. Epilepsy medicines help reduce certain types of pain. Pregabalin is the first drug approved for the treatment of fibromyalgia. This drug blocks the excessive activity of nerve cells involved in the transmission of pain impulses;
• Antidepressants. The drug relieves pain and fatigue.

Complications

Pain, chronic fatigue, sleep problems disrupt the daily routine at home and at work, reduce the quality of life. Lack of understanding of one’s own condition, difficulties at the stage of diagnosis, long-term treatment lead to persistent depression and health-related anxiety. To correct the complications of fibromyalgia, you need to contact psychotherapists, psychiatrists.

Forecast

Fibromyalgia is a chronic pathology that significantly affects the quality of life, but it is still considered benign. Timely seeking medical help, the doctor’s attentive attitude to the patient, the patient’s desire to provide self-help and adjust their lifestyle are key factors in achieving recovery.

Prevention

Prevention is to eliminate provoking factors. The following recommendations will help control the manifestations of fibromyalgia:

• Allow enough time for rest and recovery each day. Deep breathing exercises and meditation practices help reduce the stress that triggers symptoms;
• Organize a sleep schedule. It is recommended to go to bed and get up at the same time. An hour before bedtime, as well as in the first two hours after waking up, it is worth limiting the time on the phone. Limit your intake of caffeinated beverages, avoid daytime naps. These factors can disrupt nighttime sleep;
• Exercise regularly in the fresh air, move, stay active. Regular exercise reduces pain, promotes a surge of energy, and eliminates fatigue. It is recommended to slowly increase physical activity day by day.
• Focus on things to come, not on things that are painful.

References

1. Teplyakova OV, Popov AA, Volkova LI, Sarapulova AV. Fibromyalgia: clinical picture and variants of the disease. Modern rheumatology. 2020;
2. Chichasova N.V. Fibromyalgia syndrome: clinic, diagnosis, treatment. breast cancer. 1998.

This article is an informational material and is not intended for self-diagnosis and self-treatment. If signs of discomfort appear, you should contact your doctor.

Fibromyalgia in adults: symptoms, causes and treatment

Content

• 1 Fibromyalgia: causes, symptoms and treatment in adults
  • 1.1 Fibromyalgia: symptoms, causes and treatment
    • 1.1.1 Symptoms
    • 1.1.2 Causes
    • 1.1.3 Treatment
  • 1.2 What is fibromyalgia?
  • 1.3 Symptoms of fibromyalgia
  • 1.4 Causes of fibromyalgia
  • 1.5 Fibromyalgia: who is at risk?
  • 1.6 Diagnosis of fibromyalgia
  • 1.7 Treatment of fibromyalgia
  • 1.8 Medicines for fibromyalgia
  • 1.9 Non-drug treatments for fibromyalgia
  • 1. 10 Physiotherapy and massage for fibromyalgia
  • 1.11 Advice for patients with fibromyalgia
    • 1.11.1 Pain management
    • 1.11.2 Active lifestyle
    • 1.11.3 Proper nutrition
    • 1.11.4 Social support 900 31
  • 1.12 Fibromyalgia Prevention
  • 1.13 Video on subject:
  • 1.14 Q&A:
    • • 1.14.0.1 What is fibromyalgia?
      • 1.14.0.2 What are the symptoms associated with fibromyalgia?
      • 1.14.0.3 What are the causes of fibromyalgia in adults?
      • 1.14.0.4 How is fibromyalgia treated?
      • 1.14.0.5 Can fibromyalgia cause disability?
      • 1.14.0.6 Can diet and nutrition affect fibromyalgia?

Fibromyalgia is a chronic disease of the nervous system, accompanied by pain in the muscles and joints. Symptoms of fibromyalgia can include fatigue, insomnia, and depression. The causes of the disease are not fully understood. Treatment for fibromyalgia includes medication, physical therapy, relaxation techniques, and psychotherapy.

Fibromyalgia is a neurological disease characterized by chronic pain in the muscles, joints and ligaments. Pain may be accompanied by soreness, fatigue, and anxiety. Among the causes of this disease, there may be common factors such as genetic, psychological and environmental factors that can lead to its development.

The disease can lead to a decrease in the patient’s quality of life and limitation of his activity. Although fibromyalgia is a chronic condition and can be difficult to treat, there are a number of treatments that can help improve the patient’s condition.

One of the main treatments for fibromyalgia is combination therapy, which includes exercise, medication, psychotherapy and lifestyle changes.

It is important to know and understand the symptoms of fibromyalgia in order to seek timely help from a doctor who will help to correctly diagnose and prescribe effective treatment.

In this article, we take a closer look at what fibromyalgia is, its symptoms and causes, and treatments that can help reduce pain and improve a patient’s quality of life.

Fibromyalgia: symptoms, causes and treatment

Symptoms

Fibromyalgia is a chronic disease characterized by pain in various parts of the body and increased sensitivity to pain. The main symptoms of fibromyalgia are:

• Muscle and joint pain
• Fatigue and sleepiness
• Digestive problems
• Headaches and migraines
• Depression and anxiety

900 40

Causes

The causes of fibromyalgia are not fully understood. However, it is believed that this disease can be caused by several factors:

1. Genetic predisposition
2. Stress and psychological problems
3. Trauma and damage to the nervous system
4. Chemical imbalance in the brain
5. Excessive stress on muscles and joints 90 031

Treatment

Fibromyalgia treatment is aimed at relieving pain, improving quality of life, and setting the patient in a positive mood. Several methods are used for this:

• Medication including pain and anti-inflammatory drugs
• Exercise and regular sports
• Psychotherapy and psychological support
• Alternative therapies such as acupuncture and yoga

900 17 What is fibromyalgia?

Fibromyalgia is a condition characterized by muscle and connective tissue soreness. Fibromyalgic pain can occur in different parts of the body, including the neck, back, chest, abdomen, and extremities.

Fibromyalgia is a chronic disorder that usually develops in women between the ages of 30 and 50. There are several hypotheses about the causes of fibromyalgia, including genetic factors, stress, infections, and other medical conditions. However, the exact cause of fibromyalgia has not yet been established.

Fibromyalgia symptoms can vary depending on the severity of the disease, but the most common symptoms include muscle and connective tissue pain, fatigue, restless sleep, headaches, and digestive problems.

Symptoms of Fibromyalgia

Fibromyalgia is a chronic, non-inflammatory disease that is accompanied by general soreness, fatigue, insomnia, and other symptoms. However, symptoms can vary greatly from patient to patient.

In addition, patients often complain of extreme fatigue, insomnia and problems with concentration. Headaches, depression, anxiety, seizures, and even numbness in the arms and legs can also occur.

However, some patients may have only a few symptoms, while others may have more symptoms. In addition, symptoms may vary depending on the time of day, physical activity, and stress.

If you notice any of these symptoms, you should see a doctor for diagnosis and treatment. No matter how sick you feel, fibromyalgia can be managed with appropriate treatment and lifestyle changes.

Causes of Fibromyalgia

Fibromyalgia is a chronic condition with no known cause. However, there are a number of factors that can contribute to the development of fibromyalgia.

• Genetic predispositions. There is speculation that certain genes may be linked to the development of fibromyalgia.
• Neurochemical changes. In people with fibromyalgia, there may be a disruption in the production of neurotransmitters that are responsible for regulating pain threshold.
• Stress. Prolonged stress can increase cortisol levels in the body, which exacerbates fibromyalgia symptoms.
• Diseases of the thyroid gland. Some people with fibromyalgia also have traces of thyroid disease.
• Urogenital infection. It is possible that a urogenital infection may cause fibromyalgia.

These factors, and others, may play a role in the development of fibromyalgia. But due to the complexity of this disease and its unknown etiology, it is difficult to determine which factor or combination of factors is causing the development of fibromyalgia.

Fibromyalgia: who is at risk?

Fibromyalgia is a chronic condition that presents with characteristic symptoms such as muscle and joint pain, fatigue and sleep disturbance. The exact causes of fibromyalgia have not yet been identified, but it is known that certain groups of people are at greater risk of developing this disease.

• Women suffer from fibromyalgia four times more often than men;
• People with rheumatic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis or systemic lupus erythematosus are also at risk of developing fibromyalgia;
• Stress and anxiety may contribute to the development of fibromyalgia;
• Heredity may also play a role in the development of fibromyalgia.

It is important to note that fibromyalgia can affect anyone, but groups of people are at higher risk. If you have risk factors, you need to pay attention to your health and consult a doctor in a timely manner at the first symptoms.

Fibromyalgia Diagnosis

Fibromyalgia is a disease that is difficult to diagnose. However, there are a number of symptoms that allow you to establish this disease. It should be noted that the disease does not have an exact cause of its occurrence. The processes that occur in the body of a patient with fibromyalgia may be associated with adverse work conditions, stress, or dysfunction of the nervous system.

Doctors diagnose fibromyalgia when several conditions are met. First of all, the patient must provide a medical card, in which all the symptoms of the disease would be noted. The list of “characteristics” of fibromyalgia includes chronic pain, muscle pain, fatigue, and disturbed sleep. The second stage of diagnosis is a general examination of the patient for changes in health – a medical examination, blood tests, urine tests, x-rays and tomography.

Since fibromyalgia is often the cause of many other serious conditions, it is important to recognize it early. Identification of this disease by early diagnosis can prevent the development of complications and more easily prevent the development of diseases that are associated with ineffective treatment of fibromyalgia.

Fibromyalgia Treatment

Fibromyalgia is treated with a variety of treatments, including medication, physical therapy, and lifestyle changes.

• Drug treatment: Anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antidepressants are used as medicines. However, it is worth remembering that this type of treatment is usually not effective enough and may have side effects.
• Physiotherapy: Physiotherapy methods such as massage, muscle stretching, hydrotherapy also help to cope with the disease.
• Lifestyle changes: It is important to learn how to manage your exercise, diet and stress levels. Yoga, Pilates, or aerobics classes can help strengthen muscles and reduce pain levels.

Before starting treatment for fibromyalgia, you should consult with your doctor and develop a personalized treatment plan.

Medicines for Fibromyalgia

Fibromyalgia is a rather complex condition that can cause considerable discomfort and pain. There are various approaches to treating this condition, but drugs are still the main component.

Among the most commonly used drugs for fibromyalgia are analgesics, antidepressants and drugs that improve sleep.

• Analgesics: Some of the most commonly used analgesics for fibromyalgia include paracetamol, ibuprofen and diclofenac. However, if the pain does not improve, then the doctor may provide stronger drugs to relieve the pain.
• Antidepressants: Some antidepressants, such as duloxetine and amitriptyline, may help relieve pain and improve mood in patients with fibromyalgia.
• Sleep medications: Drugs such as amitriptyline and trazodone can help improve sleep quality. Although it is not a direct treatment for fibromyalgia, it can help reduce the pain and fatigue associated with the condition.

When prescribing drugs for the treatment of fibromyalgia, it is important to remember that the result is unpredictable and may vary from patient to patient. Every drug can have side effects, so it’s important to follow your doctor’s instructions. In some cases, more intensive therapy is needed and sometimes the greatest success can be achieved with an integrated treatment approach.

Non-drug treatments for fibromyalgia

Fibromyalgia is a disease that, unfortunately, cannot be fully cured. However, with the help of complex treatment, stable remission can be achieved and the progression of the disease can be slowed down.

About a third of patients with fibromyalgia report a positive effect of massage. Massage improves blood circulation, reduces muscle tension and improves sleep.

Patients suffering from fibromyalgia are advised to improve the quality of their sleep. It is important to go to bed and wake up at the same time, avoid strong emotions before going to bed, and place only elements in the sleeping room that promote calmness and relaxation (for example, eye masks and scented light bulbs).

An equally important treatment for fibromyalgia is psychotherapy. Often patients with fibromyalgia suffer from depression and anxiety. Taking antidepressants can help, but a course of psychotherapy aimed at developing positive thinking and increasing self-esteem can achieve the greatest effect.

Physiotherapy and massage for fibromyalgia

Physiotherapy is an important part of the treatment of fibromyalgia. It allows you to reduce pain, improve the mobility of joints and muscles, improve the general condition of the body. One of the methods of physiotherapy is ultrasound therapy, which improves blood circulation, reduces swelling and muscle spasms. Laser therapy is also effective, which improves tissue regeneration.

Massage can also be helpful in fibromyalgia. It helps to relax muscles, improve blood circulation and slow down the development of osteochondrosis. A gentle massage using light gymnastics, rubbing and kneading techniques is recommended. Massage should be carried out regularly, according to a treatment plan, in order to achieve the maximum effect.

• Electromyostimulation is also a physiotherapy method that helps to reduce pain and muscle spasms. This uses an electric current that generates reflex movements, improves blood circulation and strengthens the muscles.
• Hydromassage is prescribed as an additional method of treatment. It helps reduce fatigue and pain, reduce inflammation. Hydromassage can be carried out both at home and in special institutions, for example, in physiotherapy rooms of doctors.

Recommendations for patients with fibromyalgia

Pain management

It is important to understand that fibromyalgia is characterized by chronic pain that can be very intense. However, do not despair and be born on yourself, you need to turn to specialists.

It is recommended to install your own pain management system and apply it in your daily life. For example, you can apply relaxation techniques or learn breathing exercises.

Active lifestyle

Even if you are in pain, this is not a reason to stop being active. Do not forget about exercise and sports, which help maintain overall health.

However, you need to remember the measure and choose exercises that will not lead to aggravation of the state of health. It is recommended to consult with a specialist who will help you choose an individual exercise plan for your case.

Proper nutrition

Proper nutrition is one of the key factors in maintaining overall health and combating the symptoms of fibromyalgia. It is recommended to avoid foods that can make the condition worse, such as alcohol, caffeine, and some spicy and fatty foods.

It is important to make sure that the diet contains enough beneficial vitamins and minerals, such as vitamin C, calcium and magnesium, which will help increase resistance to disease.

Social support

Fibromyalgia can have a negative impact on a patient’s quality of life. Therefore, social support is a very important aspect of treatment. It is recommended to communicate with relatives and friends, attend group meetings and keep a diary of observations, which will help collect your thoughts and make decisions about treatment.

Recipes for Fibromyalgia PatientsFood List to Avoid

Rice porridge with cottage cheese Oatmeal with fruit compote Fresh vegetable salad Steamed fish

Coffee Alcohol Fatty and spicy foods Smoked meats

Prevention of fibromyalgia

Fibromyalgia is a chronic disease that can be prevented by the following measures:

• Proper nutrition: Excessive amounts of animal fats, red meat, excessive consumption of caffeine and alcoholic beverages should be avoided. It is recommended to consume more fruits, vegetables and healthy fats such as olive oil and avocados.
• Active lifestyle: Regular exercise can help strengthen muscles and reduce body pain. It is worth doing physical exercises that do not put a strain on the joints, such as swimming or yoga.
• Regular rest: A normal sleep pattern will help reduce the levels of stress and fatigue that can cause fibromyalgia symptoms. You can do relaxing activities before bed, such as drinking tea or reading a book.
• Regular check-ups: Regular check-ups by your doctor will help you monitor your health and timely identify various diseases that can cause fibromyalgia symptoms.

By following these precautions, you can significantly reduce your risk of developing fibromyalgia.

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Q&A:

What is fibromyalgia?

Fibromyalgia is a chronic disease that manifests itself as pain in the muscles, joints and connective tissues, as well as the nervous system.

What are the symptoms associated with fibromyalgia?

Fibromyalgia symptoms include: muscle pain, joint pain, fatigue, insomnia, headaches, digestive problems, sensitivity to cold and heat.

What causes fibromyalgia in adults?

First of all, risk factors are stress, long stay in one position, injuries and infections. Metabolic disorders, heredity and other factors can also affect the development of the disease.

How is fibromyalgia treated?

Fibromyalgia treatment includes physical therapy, muscle stretching exercises, medications that reduce pain and are not harmful to health, such as tricyclic antidepressants and pain medications. You should also pay attention to nutrition, maintaining an active lifestyle and psychological support.