What are the symptoms of stomach flu? What causes stomach flu? How is stomach flu treated? Get answers to these questions and more in this comprehensive guide.

Symptoms of Stomach Flu (Gastroenteritis)

Stomach flu, also known as viral gastroenteritis, is a highly contagious intestinal infection that can cause a range of unpleasant symptoms. These may include:

• Watery, non-bloody diarrhea
• Stomach cramps and pain
• Nausea, vomiting, or both
• Occasional muscle aches or headache
• Low-grade fever

It’s important to note that anyone experiencing symptoms of stomach flu should avoid going to school or work, as the condition is usually contagious.

Causes of Stomach Flu

Stomach flu can be caused by a variety of viruses, including:

1. Norovirus: The most contagious form of stomach flu, with symptoms usually appearing 12-48 hours after exposure and lasting 1-3 days.
2. Rotavirus: Symptoms typically begin 48 hours after exposure and last 3-8 days. This virus is more common in children and infants.
3. Adenovirus: Symptoms usually appear 3-10 days after exposure and last 1-2 weeks. This virus can cause a wide range of symptoms.
4. Astrovirus: Symptoms usually begin 4-5 days after exposure and last 1-4 days. This virus is more likely to affect those with weaker immune systems.

Stomach flu can be contracted through contact with someone who has the infection or by consuming contaminated food or water.

Treating Stomach Flu

While there are no specific drugs that can cure stomach flu, there are ways to manage the symptoms and prevent dehydration:

• Encourage the person to drink plenty of fluids, such as water, oral rehydration solutions, milk (including breast milk), and juice.
• Avoid giving electrolyte solutions to infants, as they can contain high levels of artificial ingredients that are not optimal for hydration.
• Once the person can tolerate it, reintroduce their regular diet.
• Medications like anti-nausea or anti-diarrheal drugs can be used to manage specific symptoms, but they do not cure the underlying viral infection.

It’s important to seek medical attention if an infant has symptoms for more than 1-2 days and appears dehydrated, as this can have severe consequences for their health.

Preventing the Spread of Stomach Flu

To prevent the spread of stomach flu, it’s crucial to practice good hygiene and sanitation measures:

1. Wash your hands frequently with soap and water, especially after using the bathroom and before preparing or eating food.
2. Disinfect surfaces and items that may have been contaminated, such as toilets, sinks, and shared surfaces.
3. Stay home from work, school, or other public places if you have symptoms of stomach flu to avoid infecting others.
4. Avoid preparing food for others if you have symptoms of stomach flu.

By taking these precautions, you can help limit the spread of this highly contagious illness.

Recognizing Dehydration Symptoms

Dehydration is a common and potentially severe complication of stomach flu, especially in infants and young children. Signs of mild to severe dehydration include:

• Decrease in urination
• Darker urine
• Fewer tears when crying
• Dry lips and mouth
• Excessive sleepiness
• Sunken soft spots on the heads of infants

If possible, encourage the person to take small sips of fluids to stay hydrated. Seeking medical attention is crucial if an infant or young child shows signs of dehydration.

When to Seek Medical Attention

While stomach flu usually resolves on its own within a few days, there are certain situations when it’s important to seek medical attention:

• If an infant or young child has symptoms for more than 1-2 days and appears dehydrated
• If the person is unable to keep any fluids down and is at risk of severe dehydration
• If the person has a weakened immune system or underlying medical condition that increases the risk of complications
• If the symptoms are severe or do not improve within a few days

In these cases, a healthcare provider can help manage the symptoms, ensure proper hydration, and rule out any underlying conditions that may be causing the stomach flu.

Understanding the Differences Between Stomach Flu and Influenza

It’s important to note that while people often refer to viral gastroenteritis as “stomach flu,” it is not the same as influenza (the flu). Influenza is a respiratory illness that affects the nose, throat, and lungs, while stomach flu is an intestinal infection that primarily affects the stomach and intestines.

The symptoms of stomach flu and influenza can be similar in some ways, such as nausea, vomiting, and fever, but the underlying causes and primary symptoms are quite different.

Stomach flu (gastroenteritis) symptoms, causes, and treatment

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Our team thoroughly researches and evaluates the recommendations we make on our site. To establish that the product manufacturers addressed safety and efficacy standards, we:

• Evaluate ingredients and composition: Do they have the potential to cause harm?
• Fact-check all health claims: Do they align with the current body of scientific evidence?
• Assess the brand: Does it operate with integrity and adhere to industry best practices?

We do the research so you can find trusted products for your health and wellness.

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Viral gastroenteritis (stomach flu) is a highly contagious intestinal infection that causes watery diarrhea, stomach cramps, and vomiting. It is usually due to a norovirus or rotavirus and transmits via contact with others or contaminated food or drink.

Stomach flu usually develops after contact with a person carrying the infection or consuming contaminated food or water. Often, a person can let the infection run its course. However, home remedies can relieve symptoms.

In the United States, many people recover from stomach flu within a few days without any complications. However, for people in high-risk categories and those with reduced access to healthcare facilities, it can be a severe condition and a significant cause of death.

This article examines the symptoms and causes of stomach flu in adults and children, its contagiousness, recommended methods and home remedies for treating and preventing stomach flu, and when to seek medical advice.

Although people refer to viral gastroenteritis as flu, it is not the same as influenza. Influenza only affects the respiratory system, including the nose, throat, and lungs. Stomach flu affects the stomach and intestines.

Symptoms of stomach flu can include:

• watery, non-bloody diarrhea
• stomach cramps and pain
• nausea, vomiting, or both
• occasional muscle aches or headache
• low grade fever

Anyone with symptoms of stomach flu should not go to school or work as the condition is usually contagious.

Different viruses can cause stomach flu, including:

• Norovirus: This is the most contagious form.
• Rotavirus: This virus peaks between December and April.
• Adenovirus: Infection with this virus can present with a wide range of symptoms.
• Astrovirus: This mostly affects weaker immune systems.

Symptoms generally appear following contact with someone who has the infection. They can also occur after eating or drinking contaminated food or water.

Doctors can offer help for some symptoms and make sure that they are not due to another illness. Some bacterial infections cause the same symptoms as stomach flu.

Stomach flu can last from days up to 2 weeks, depending on which virus causes the condition.

The symptoms of each type begin at different times after contact with the virus and last for varied periods:

• Norovirus: Symptoms usually begin 12–48 hours after contact and last 1–3 days.
• Rotavirus: Symptoms usually begin 48 hours after contact and last 3–8 days.
• Adenovirus: Symptoms usually begin 3–10 days after contact and last 1–2 weeks.
• Astrovirus: Symptoms usually begin 4–5 days after contact and last 1–4 days.

Norovirus is more contagious when a person has symptoms or during the first days after recovery. However, the virus can continue to spread for over 2 weeks after symptoms ease.

Norovirus affects people at any age. Rotavirus, adenovirus, and astrovirus are more likely to affect children and infants, but adults can contract them too.

A parent should consult a doctor if their infant has symptoms for more than 1–2 days and is dehydrated. This can have particularly severe effects on their health.

Signs of mild to severe dehydration include:

• decrease in urination
• darker urine
• fewer tears when crying
• dry lips and mouth
• excessive sleepiness
• sunken soft spots on the heads of infants

If possible, encourage the child to take sips of fluids. Parents can help their children stay hydrated with the following:

• water
• oral and intravenous rehydration solutions
• milk, including breast milk
• juice
• their regular diet once tolerated

Doctors do not recommend electrolyte solutions or infants. These solutions contain a high level of artificial ingredients, which are not optimal to keep a child well hydrated. However, experts recommend oral rehydration solutions made of sugar and sodium as an alternative. People can administer these for children using a syringe, spoon, or cup.

There are no drugs that can cure stomach flu. Doctors do not prescribe antibiotics because a virus usually causes it.

However, there are medications that can help control symptoms:

• Ibuprofen: This can help with fever and aches, but people should use it cautiously as it can upset the stomach and give the kidneys extra work to do when they are already dehydrated.
• Acetaminophen: This is a common treatment option that has fewer side effects than ibuprofen. Acetaminophen is available on Amazon. However, this drug carries the risk of liver damage.
• Antiemetics: These can relieve feelings of nausea. Doctors may prescribe promethazine, ondansetron, metoclopramide, or prochlorperazine.
• OTC antidiarrheals: These include subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol) and loperamide hydrochloride (Imodium). Parents should consult a doctor before giving these medications to children, as they can be harmful to children of certain ages.

The virus usually passes on its own, but home remedies can control symptoms and provide the best relief.

Stay hydrated

People with stomach flu often lose their appetite. The body also loses a lot of fluids through diarrhea, vomiting, and sweating. This lack of food and liquids can cause dehydration.

Dehydration is when the body does not have enough water to work properly. Signs of dehydration include extreme thirst, a dry mouth, tiredness, dizziness, and headache.

People with stomach flu should drink plenty of liquids such as clear soda, diluted fruit juices, or caffeine-free sports drinks, taking slow sips to help to keep fluids down. People who cannot keep food or drink down can snack on ice chips to maintain hydration. Electrolyte solutions, such as Pedialyte, can also help replace lost fluids.

Doctors recommend avoiding coffee as it can unsettle the stomach and disrupt sleep, which is important for recovery. People should also avoid alcohol because it is a diuretic, which means it reduces water content in the body.

What to eat

Stomach flu often reduces or eliminates the appetite. It can help to eat slowly and simply while appetite is low to aid recovery.

Doctors recommend that people rehydrate with fluids before transitioning to soups and broths, then try eating small meals.

Experts suggest following a bland diet to manage gastrointestinal complaints. Recommended foods include rice, pasta, or eggs. People should avoid excess fiber as it loosens the bowels. Tomato-based, fatty, and spicy dishes can also worsen diarrhea.

Rest

Stomach flu can be exhausting. The body needs as much energy as possible to fight off the infection and repair damage. For this reason, it is important to rest, allowing the immune system to work and cells to repair as quickly as possible.

Anyone with stomach flu should rest during the day and get a good night’s sleep each night.

Ginger and peppermint

Ginger helps reduce inflammation and promote digestion by relieving nausea and vomiting. It may also offer some relief from stomach cramps and bloating.

To make ginger tea:

1. Add 1 teaspoon (tsp) of powdered ginger or ½ tsp of fresh ginger root to 1 cup of water.
2. Boil for 5 minutes and let steep for 10 minutes.
3. Strain the tea when using fresh ginger root.
4. Drink 2–3 times daily to get relief.

Ginger can be a spice in meals. People with stomach flu can consume ginger by taking ginger capsules, drinking ginger ale, or chewing a piece of ginger. Powdered ginger is available to buy on Amazon.

Despite the suggested gastrointestinal benefits of ginger, scientists need to conduct more extensive and well‐controlled human studies of ginger to demonstrate its efficacy.

Mint, such as peppermint, may also help soothe an upset stomach and treat gas and bloating. The most effective way to use mint for an upset stomach is to drink it as tea.

To make mint tea, a person can take a few fresh mint leaves, boil them in water, then strain the infusion.

However, there is limited data available to determine the benefit of mint in humans.

Acupressure

Some research has demonstrated that acupressure can reduce nausea.

Measure three finger-widths down from the bottom of the palm and apply pressure with your thumb to the soft part between two tendons, then massage for a couple of minutes.

Chamomile

Chamomile is a plant that can be helpful as a stomach flu remedy. It relaxes the muscles and has anti-inflammatory properties.

This plant may help relieve diarrhea, stomach cramping, bloating, nausea, and gas in some individuals. Experts suggest it can help in minor cases of gastrointestinal distress.

To make chamomile tea:

1. Add 2–3 tsp of dried chamomile flowers to a cup of hot water. These flowers are available online at Amazon.
2. Cover and let it steep for 10–15 minutes.
3. Strain, and then add some lemon juice and honey to taste.
4. Drink this tea three or four times a day for 2–3 days.

Rosemary, red, and fennel tea may also have anti-inflammatory properties and aid digestion.

If home remedies do not provide relief from stomach flu, a doctor can offer additional professional guidance.

Norovirus is the most common form of stomach flu. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), every year in the U.S., it causes 19–21 million illnesses, around 109,000 hospitalizations, and 900 deaths of adults over 65 years of age.

It is the most common cause of foodborne disease outbreaks in the U.S., causing 58% of cases.

A few simple measures can reduce the risk of catching stomach flu:

• Always wash hands before handling or preparing food and after using the toilet or changing a diaper.
• Wash all fruits and vegetables and thoroughly cook seafood before eating.
• Wipe shopping cart handles before use.
• Disinfect countertops and surfaces, and wash clothes and bedding.
• Use the dishwasher rather than washing dishes by hand.
• People who begin to feel ill should not prepare food for others.
• Sick family members should self-isolate, for instance, by restricting themselves to one bathroom.

Vaccination for children

Rotavirus was previously the most common cause of stomach flu, causing around 440,000 deaths worldwide each year in children under 5.

However, since 2006, rotavirus vaccination has become available for children. Since the vaccination scheme, cases have dropped by 58–90% each year.

A person should seek immediate medical assistance if they or a child in their care experiences the following:

• a fever above 104 degrees Fahrenheit, or any fever in infants
• persistent vomiting
• diarrhea that lasts more than two days
• producing at least six loose stools in a day
• blood or pus in the stool, or black or tarry stools
• severe pain in the rectum or abdomen
• dehydration
• alteration in mental state
• being unable to keep liquids down for 24 hours

Additionally, a parent or caregiver should seek medical advice if a child cannot consume enough fluids or if liquids are not helping with symptoms. Prolonged bouts of diarrhea are considered a dangerous symptom, especially in newborns, as it can lead to severe dehydration.

The symptoms of stomach flu and food poisoning are very similar, but food poisoning is more common.

One major difference is the duration of illness. Food poisoning tends to clear up within a couple of days, but stomach flu can last for almost 2 weeks.

Learn more about the differences between stomach viruses and food poisoning here.

Symptoms of stomach flu can overlap with those of COVID-19. However, the most common feature of COVID-19 is respiratory symptoms, which do not occur with gastrointestinal conditions.

Find out more about gastrointestinal symptoms of COVID-19.

For people who are not at high risk and have access to healthcare facilities, stomach flu often passes on its own without causing complications. Home remedies and general good hygiene can help prevent or ease symptoms.

However, stomach flu can have strong, negative implications in some cases in people of all ages. A person should consult a doctor if they are experiencing severe symptoms or dehydration.

Stomach flu (gastroenteritis) symptoms, causes, and treatment

We include products we think are useful for our readers. If you buy through links on this page, we may earn a small commission Here’s our process.

Medical News Today only shows you brands and products that we stand behind.

Our team thoroughly researches and evaluates the recommendations we make on our site. To establish that the product manufacturers addressed safety and efficacy standards, we:

• Evaluate ingredients and composition: Do they have the potential to cause harm?
• Fact-check all health claims: Do they align with the current body of scientific evidence?
• Assess the brand: Does it operate with integrity and adhere to industry best practices?

We do the research so you can find trusted products for your health and wellness.

Read more about our vetting process.

Was this helpful?

Viral gastroenteritis (stomach flu) is a highly contagious intestinal infection that causes watery diarrhea, stomach cramps, and vomiting. It is usually due to a norovirus or rotavirus and transmits via contact with others or contaminated food or drink.

Stomach flu usually develops after contact with a person carrying the infection or consuming contaminated food or water. Often, a person can let the infection run its course. However, home remedies can relieve symptoms.

In the United States, many people recover from stomach flu within a few days without any complications. However, for people in high-risk categories and those with reduced access to healthcare facilities, it can be a severe condition and a significant cause of death.

This article examines the symptoms and causes of stomach flu in adults and children, its contagiousness, recommended methods and home remedies for treating and preventing stomach flu, and when to seek medical advice.

Although people refer to viral gastroenteritis as flu, it is not the same as influenza. Influenza only affects the respiratory system, including the nose, throat, and lungs. Stomach flu affects the stomach and intestines.

Symptoms of stomach flu can include:

• watery, non-bloody diarrhea
• stomach cramps and pain
• nausea, vomiting, or both
• occasional muscle aches or headache
• low grade fever

Anyone with symptoms of stomach flu should not go to school or work as the condition is usually contagious.

Different viruses can cause stomach flu, including:

• Norovirus: This is the most contagious form.
• Rotavirus: This virus peaks between December and April.
• Adenovirus: Infection with this virus can present with a wide range of symptoms.
• Astrovirus: This mostly affects weaker immune systems.

Symptoms generally appear following contact with someone who has the infection. They can also occur after eating or drinking contaminated food or water.

Doctors can offer help for some symptoms and make sure that they are not due to another illness. Some bacterial infections cause the same symptoms as stomach flu.

Stomach flu can last from days up to 2 weeks, depending on which virus causes the condition.

The symptoms of each type begin at different times after contact with the virus and last for varied periods:

• Norovirus: Symptoms usually begin 12–48 hours after contact and last 1–3 days.
• Rotavirus: Symptoms usually begin 48 hours after contact and last 3–8 days.
• Adenovirus: Symptoms usually begin 3–10 days after contact and last 1–2 weeks.
• Astrovirus: Symptoms usually begin 4–5 days after contact and last 1–4 days.

Norovirus is more contagious when a person has symptoms or during the first days after recovery. However, the virus can continue to spread for over 2 weeks after symptoms ease.

Norovirus affects people at any age. Rotavirus, adenovirus, and astrovirus are more likely to affect children and infants, but adults can contract them too.

A parent should consult a doctor if their infant has symptoms for more than 1–2 days and is dehydrated. This can have particularly severe effects on their health.

Signs of mild to severe dehydration include:

• decrease in urination
• darker urine
• fewer tears when crying
• dry lips and mouth
• excessive sleepiness
• sunken soft spots on the heads of infants

If possible, encourage the child to take sips of fluids. Parents can help their children stay hydrated with the following:

• water
• oral and intravenous rehydration solutions
• milk, including breast milk
• juice
• their regular diet once tolerated

Doctors do not recommend electrolyte solutions or infants. These solutions contain a high level of artificial ingredients, which are not optimal to keep a child well hydrated. However, experts recommend oral rehydration solutions made of sugar and sodium as an alternative. People can administer these for children using a syringe, spoon, or cup.

There are no drugs that can cure stomach flu. Doctors do not prescribe antibiotics because a virus usually causes it.

However, there are medications that can help control symptoms:

• Ibuprofen: This can help with fever and aches, but people should use it cautiously as it can upset the stomach and give the kidneys extra work to do when they are already dehydrated.
• Acetaminophen: This is a common treatment option that has fewer side effects than ibuprofen. Acetaminophen is available on Amazon. However, this drug carries the risk of liver damage.
• Antiemetics: These can relieve feelings of nausea. Doctors may prescribe promethazine, ondansetron, metoclopramide, or prochlorperazine.
• OTC antidiarrheals: These include subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol) and loperamide hydrochloride (Imodium). Parents should consult a doctor before giving these medications to children, as they can be harmful to children of certain ages.

The virus usually passes on its own, but home remedies can control symptoms and provide the best relief.

Stay hydrated

People with stomach flu often lose their appetite. The body also loses a lot of fluids through diarrhea, vomiting, and sweating. This lack of food and liquids can cause dehydration.

Dehydration is when the body does not have enough water to work properly. Signs of dehydration include extreme thirst, a dry mouth, tiredness, dizziness, and headache.

People with stomach flu should drink plenty of liquids such as clear soda, diluted fruit juices, or caffeine-free sports drinks, taking slow sips to help to keep fluids down. People who cannot keep food or drink down can snack on ice chips to maintain hydration. Electrolyte solutions, such as Pedialyte, can also help replace lost fluids.

Doctors recommend avoiding coffee as it can unsettle the stomach and disrupt sleep, which is important for recovery. People should also avoid alcohol because it is a diuretic, which means it reduces water content in the body.

What to eat

Stomach flu often reduces or eliminates the appetite. It can help to eat slowly and simply while appetite is low to aid recovery.

Doctors recommend that people rehydrate with fluids before transitioning to soups and broths, then try eating small meals.

Experts suggest following a bland diet to manage gastrointestinal complaints. Recommended foods include rice, pasta, or eggs. People should avoid excess fiber as it loosens the bowels. Tomato-based, fatty, and spicy dishes can also worsen diarrhea.

Rest

Stomach flu can be exhausting. The body needs as much energy as possible to fight off the infection and repair damage. For this reason, it is important to rest, allowing the immune system to work and cells to repair as quickly as possible.

Anyone with stomach flu should rest during the day and get a good night’s sleep each night.

Ginger and peppermint

Ginger helps reduce inflammation and promote digestion by relieving nausea and vomiting. It may also offer some relief from stomach cramps and bloating.

To make ginger tea:

1. Add 1 teaspoon (tsp) of powdered ginger or ½ tsp of fresh ginger root to 1 cup of water.
2. Boil for 5 minutes and let steep for 10 minutes.
3. Strain the tea when using fresh ginger root.
4. Drink 2–3 times daily to get relief.

Ginger can be a spice in meals. People with stomach flu can consume ginger by taking ginger capsules, drinking ginger ale, or chewing a piece of ginger. Powdered ginger is available to buy on Amazon.

Despite the suggested gastrointestinal benefits of ginger, scientists need to conduct more extensive and well‐controlled human studies of ginger to demonstrate its efficacy.

Mint, such as peppermint, may also help soothe an upset stomach and treat gas and bloating. The most effective way to use mint for an upset stomach is to drink it as tea.

To make mint tea, a person can take a few fresh mint leaves, boil them in water, then strain the infusion.

However, there is limited data available to determine the benefit of mint in humans.

Acupressure

Some research has demonstrated that acupressure can reduce nausea.

Measure three finger-widths down from the bottom of the palm and apply pressure with your thumb to the soft part between two tendons, then massage for a couple of minutes.

Chamomile

Chamomile is a plant that can be helpful as a stomach flu remedy. It relaxes the muscles and has anti-inflammatory properties.

This plant may help relieve diarrhea, stomach cramping, bloating, nausea, and gas in some individuals. Experts suggest it can help in minor cases of gastrointestinal distress.

To make chamomile tea:

1. Add 2–3 tsp of dried chamomile flowers to a cup of hot water. These flowers are available online at Amazon.
2. Cover and let it steep for 10–15 minutes.
3. Strain, and then add some lemon juice and honey to taste.
4. Drink this tea three or four times a day for 2–3 days.

Rosemary, red, and fennel tea may also have anti-inflammatory properties and aid digestion.

If home remedies do not provide relief from stomach flu, a doctor can offer additional professional guidance.

Norovirus is the most common form of stomach flu. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), every year in the U.S., it causes 19–21 million illnesses, around 109,000 hospitalizations, and 900 deaths of adults over 65 years of age.

It is the most common cause of foodborne disease outbreaks in the U.S., causing 58% of cases.

A few simple measures can reduce the risk of catching stomach flu:

• Always wash hands before handling or preparing food and after using the toilet or changing a diaper.
• Wash all fruits and vegetables and thoroughly cook seafood before eating.
• Wipe shopping cart handles before use.
• Disinfect countertops and surfaces, and wash clothes and bedding.
• Use the dishwasher rather than washing dishes by hand.
• People who begin to feel ill should not prepare food for others.
• Sick family members should self-isolate, for instance, by restricting themselves to one bathroom.

Vaccination for children

Rotavirus was previously the most common cause of stomach flu, causing around 440,000 deaths worldwide each year in children under 5.

However, since 2006, rotavirus vaccination has become available for children. Since the vaccination scheme, cases have dropped by 58–90% each year.

A person should seek immediate medical assistance if they or a child in their care experiences the following:

• a fever above 104 degrees Fahrenheit, or any fever in infants
• persistent vomiting
• diarrhea that lasts more than two days
• producing at least six loose stools in a day
• blood or pus in the stool, or black or tarry stools
• severe pain in the rectum or abdomen
• dehydration
• alteration in mental state
• being unable to keep liquids down for 24 hours

Additionally, a parent or caregiver should seek medical advice if a child cannot consume enough fluids or if liquids are not helping with symptoms. Prolonged bouts of diarrhea are considered a dangerous symptom, especially in newborns, as it can lead to severe dehydration.

The symptoms of stomach flu and food poisoning are very similar, but food poisoning is more common.

One major difference is the duration of illness. Food poisoning tends to clear up within a couple of days, but stomach flu can last for almost 2 weeks.

Learn more about the differences between stomach viruses and food poisoning here.

Symptoms of stomach flu can overlap with those of COVID-19. However, the most common feature of COVID-19 is respiratory symptoms, which do not occur with gastrointestinal conditions.

Find out more about gastrointestinal symptoms of COVID-19.

For people who are not at high risk and have access to healthcare facilities, stomach flu often passes on its own without causing complications. Home remedies and general good hygiene can help prevent or ease symptoms.

However, stomach flu can have strong, negative implications in some cases in people of all ages. A person should consult a doctor if they are experiencing severe symptoms or dehydration.

Experts told whether it is possible to distinguish “Omicron” from SARS – Moscow 24, 02/21/2022

February 21, 2022, 18:39 Despite this, some Muscovites, in anticipation of spring, have already taken out demi-season jackets from the wardrobe and changed into sneakers. However, experts warn that it is too early to relax, as respiratory diseases tend to revive during the transition period. In addition, there is still a risk of contracting COVID-19. We find out whether it is possible to distinguish the symptoms of coronavirus from SARS.

ARVI symptoms

Photo: depositphotos/AndrewLozovyi

General practitioner, immunologist Irina Yartseva told Moscow 24 that ARVI includes more than 200 different groups of viruses that have similar symptoms. According to her, among the signs of the disease may be a runny nose, dry cough, sore throat, fever, headache, loose stools, bloating and other ailments.

Infection is transmitted by airborne droplets. Being close to an infected person, depending on the state of the immune system, a person gets sick or not, the doctor explained. At the same time, the flu, which also belongs to SARS, unlike other viruses, can have more serious consequences for the patient in terms of complications, the expert pointed out.

“Patients with diseases of the cardiovascular system, with congenital heart disease, especially in case of high temperature, intoxication, are at risk. The influenza virus is cardiotoxic. And it is advisable for this group to be vaccinated,” Yartseva said.

Professor of Virology, Head of the Laboratory of Especially Dangerous Infections of the Federal Research Center for Fundamental and Translational Medicine (FRC FTM) Alexander Chepurnov, in a conversation with Moscow 24, noted that odors can disappear not only with coronavirus, but also with colds. Therefore, it is possible to determine the pathogen only with the help of medical research, he believes.

Odor loss is not an invention of COVID-19. So there will always be doubt. Only differential diagnosis associated with laboratory methods will give confidence what it is.

Alexander Chepurnov

Professor of Virology

The specialist added that ARVI is no less dangerous than COVID-19. According to him, the mortality rate for influenza is 0.01-0.2%, and for coronavirus – 2%.

Symptoms of Omicron

Photo: depositphotos/dmitrytph

Experts have determined that vaccinated patients infected with Omicron experience fatigue, runny nose, cough, headache and muscle pain, sneezing, fever and sore throat. In addition, some have shortness of breath, loss of taste, smell and appetite.

The experts also found that “Omicron” can disrupt the gastrointestinal tract. Gastrointestinal symptoms include abdominal pain, diarrhea, heartburn, bloating, nausea, and vomiting.

In some cases, hyperesthesia or hypersensitivity occurs with Omicron. This was warned by a neurologist and chiropractor Alexander Evdokimov.

When covid it is bright. “Omicron” multiplies unusually fast. Due to this, apparently, it quickly fills all the fluids and spaces of a person and causes a toxic effect on the nerve endings. However, the temperature is not always high.

Alexander Evdokimov

neurologist and chiropractor

The specialist added that with a new mutation of the coronavirus, pressure jumps are also observed, which increase the risk of heart attacks and strokes.

Is it possible to distinguish “Omicron” from ARVI

Photo: depositphotos/dmitrytph

Tatyana Ruzhentsova, deputy director for clinical work of the Gabrichevsky Research Institute of Epidemiology of Rospotrebnadzor, said that it is possible to accurately identify which virus a person has contracted only with the help of special tests . According to her, “Omicron” and other respiratory viruses have the same symptoms.

Influenza often causes a rapid increase in body temperature, headaches, from the second day – pain or sore throat. But the same symptoms can be caused by Omicron. For seasonal respiratory infections, a runny nose and a slight increase in body temperature are more typical. But the same thing can be observed in some patients with both coronavirus infection and influenza.

Tatyana Ruzhentsova

Deputy Director for Clinical Work of the Research Institute of Epidemiology named after Gabrichevsky Rospotrebnadzor

According to Irina Yartseva, in addition to common symptoms, viruses also have similar methods of treatment.

“Omicron has the same symptoms as SARS, and it is treated in the same way. I do not see the need to distinguish Omicron from another virus, because it is still a mild course of coronavirus. But if these are elderly people and hitherto unvaccinated, then any virus can lead to a permanent decline in immunity,” she said.

Prevention of all infections

Photo: depositphotos/2s

In order not to become infected with any of the viruses during the transition period, experts recommend maintaining a balance of sleep, nutrition and sports, as well as following all anti-covid measures. Alexander Chepurnov reminded that the situation with COVID-19 is most smoothed out by vaccination, wearing masks and frequent hand washing.

Irina Yartseva added that during the transition from winter to spring, the immune system experiences a great load in the form of adaptation, so it is very important to support your own body, first of all, get enough sleep.

We are now experiencing a shortening of the night and an increase in daylight hours, and this is a climate change, which is an adaptive burden for the immune system. Therefore, the task is to adapt to these regimes. It turns out that the more time a person devotes to sleep, the easier it is for him to adapt to changes.

Irina Yartseva

therapist

The doctor also pointed out that it is important to eat a varied diet and not forget about physical activity. In particular, it is desirable that seasonal fruits and vegetables be included in the diet. In addition, it is necessary to drink more fluids and monitor the humidification of the air in the premises, she reminded.

According to the expert, heating causes the air to become very dry, resulting in dryness of the nasal mucosa. “If the nasal mucosa is well hydrated, then the risks of the disease are less,” the therapist emphasized.

Yartseva also noted that vitamin D can be taken to strengthen the immune system during the transition period. However, before starting the course, it is imperative to consult a specialist on this issue, she concluded.

Khalidova Albika

society

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Intestinal infections – how to prevent complications : useful news on panoramamed.ru

In summer, the risk of gastrointestinal infections increases. About what they are, what are dangerous and how to avoid serious consequences, says Olga Saprykina, a gastroenterologist at the Panorama Med medical center.

Indeed, during the warm season, the number of patients with complaints of poisoning increases. And many people are away from the city in the summer – in summer cottages or at the sea, where a doctor is not always available. Therefore, one must have an idea of ​​​​how dangerous this or that poisoning is. The main cause of diseases associated with intestinal infections are unwashed fruits and vegetables, dirty hands and water.

Almost all intestinal infections begin with symptoms of intoxication – lethargy, weakness, fever, diarrhea, vomiting, nausea. However, the intensity and rate of development of these symptoms depend both on the state of the body’s defense system and on the nature and concentration of the resulting bacillus. And the complications of intestinal infections can be different. Consider the possible types of infection in detail.

The intestines can be affected by both viruses and bacteria, and protozoal infections – protozoan microorganisms.

Viral intestinal infections develop where the pathogenic virus began to multiply. These infections include enterovirus and rotavirus.

Rotavirus infection – affects the mucous membrane of the small intestine, is transmitted through dirty hands, food and water. It is accompanied by thin, watery, offensive, frothy, yellow-green stools. Sometimes (about a third of patients) the syndrome of acute gastroenteritis is combined with a sore throat, runny nose, cough. This infection is typical for any time of the year. But the largest outbreaks occur in the autumn-winter period during flu epidemics, which is why it is often called “intestinal flu” by the people. The course of the disease is favorable. Recovery occurs within 5-7 days. The body develops strong immunity.

Enterovirus enters the human body through the fecal-oral or airborne route through dirty hands, contaminated water or food. First, they multiply in the gastrointestinal tract (here they feel the least vulnerable), and therefore they are classified as intestinal infections, then they spread with the bloodstream and affect the heart, skin, lungs, brain and spinal cord. Enterovirus infection is typical for any time of the year, but the most favorable season for it is summer-autumn. The disease is manifested by a flu-like syndrome: an increase in body temperature up to 39-40 degrees, muscle aches, headache – that’s why it is also called “summer flu”. Other symptoms of an enterovirus infection are nausea, upset stools or constipation, pain, and bloating. Bubble rashes may appear on the mucous membranes of the mouth and skin. In children, enterovirus infection has a different name – “hand-foot-mouth”, since the rash is more often observed in these places. In most cases, enterovirus infection proceeds without complications. But weakened people can experience such serious complications as myocarditis, encephalitis, meningitis, requiring only inpatient treatment.

However, bacterial intestinal infections are typical for the hot season. Infection occurs most often through rapidly perishable products (not stored in the refrigerator), which can cause poisoning due to the rapid multiplication of pathogenic bacteria. Other ways of infection are unwashed fruits and vegetables, dirty hands, water, including in stagnant water bodies.

Dysentery is a bacterium of the Shigella genus, transmitted through dirty hands, unwashed fruits, dairy products, contaminated water. Causes inflammation of the colon. Symptoms – frequent stools with mucus and blood, intoxication. In severe cases, toxic shock and necrosis of the colon with a fatal outcome may develop. It is also dangerous for dehydration.

Salmonellosis – Salmonella pathogens live in dairy and meat products, enter the body through undercooked meat, raw eggs, even sausages and sausages. Manifested by abundant frothy dark green stools, then mucus appears, sometimes blood. Complications occur with a generalized form – intestinal inflammation, infectious-toxic shock, septic purulent foci appear in various organs – lungs, bones, joints, heart valves, meninges.

Cholera is a particularly dangerous infection caused by Vibrio cholerae. The mechanism of infection is fecal-oral, the route of transmission is mainly water. Symptoms – profuse watery diarrhea, sometimes in the form of “rice water”, the volume of bowel movements per day can reach 20-30 liters, and indomitable “gushing” vomiting. There is rapid and severe dehydration and thickening of the blood, which requires immediate hospitalization. The pathogen lives in reservoirs with warm water, which is typical for hot countries. A cholera patient is contagious!

Botulism is a dangerous disease requiring immediate hospitalization. The causative agent produces botulinum toxin, which is a strong poison and causes muscle paralysis. Symptoms – nausea, vomiting, cramping abdominal pain, loose stools without mucus and blood for about a day, then flatulence and constipation occur, indicating the beginning of paresis of the gastrointestinal tract. Simultaneously with this, or by the end of the first day, visual impairment appears: double vision and a veil before the eyes, then a violation of speech and swallowing. Diseases are dangerous by the rapid increase in paralysis of the respiratory muscles and death. The causative agent often enters the body with canned mushrooms with improper preservation. Treatment is the introduction of anti-botulinum serum.

Protozoan infections are infections caused by the protozoan organisms amoebiasis and giardiasis.

Pathogen giardiasis – unicellular parasite intestinal giardia. It affects the small intestine. It is transmitted through the household route, through food and dirty hands. Symptoms – bloating, copious liquid yellow stools, followed by constipation. May be asymptomatic. Complications – biliary dyskinesia, enteritis.

Amoebiasis is also called amoebic dysentery, the causative agent is amoeba. It is transmitted by contact and sexually through dirty hands. It is often asymptomatic, but affects the large intestine and can lead to intestinal obstruction.