Foods to avoid if you have hypothyroidism. 9 Foods to Avoid with Hypothyroidism: Optimize Your Thyroid Health

13.08.202108.06.2023 by alexxlab

Which foods can interfere with thyroid function. How does diet impact hypothyroidism management. What nutrients affect thyroid hormone production. Why should hypothyroid patients limit certain foods. When to avoid soy products with thyroid medication.

Содержание

Understanding Hypothyroidism and Its Dietary Impacts

Hypothyroidism is a condition where the thyroid gland doesn’t produce enough thyroid hormone. This can significantly affect metabolism and overall health. According to the American Thyroid Association, over 12% of people may develop a thyroid condition in their lifetime. Surprisingly, up to 60% of those with thyroid issues are unaware they have the condition.

While factors like genetics and environment play a role, diet is a crucial aspect that individuals can control. Certain foods can interfere with thyroid function or the absorption of thyroid medication. By understanding which foods to limit or avoid, those with hypothyroidism can better manage their condition and support their treatment plan.

Soy Products and Their Effect on Thyroid Function

Soy and soy-based products have long been a topic of debate in thyroid health discussions. These include popular items like edamame, tofu, and miso. The concern stems from compounds called isoflavones found in soy.

Can soy products worsen hypothyroidism? Recent research suggests that soy doesn’t significantly impact thyroid hormone levels. A study published in Scientific Reports in March 2019 found that soy consumption only modestly raises thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels without affecting other thyroid hormones.

However, soy may interfere with the absorption of thyroid medication. For this reason, individuals taking thyroid hormone replacement might consider waiting four hours after consuming soy-based foods before taking their medication. It’s always best to consult with a healthcare provider for personalized advice.

Tips for Consuming Soy with Hypothyroidism:

Space out soy consumption and thyroid medication by at least 4 hours
Monitor thyroid levels regularly if including soy in your diet
Consider alternative protein sources if concerned about soy’s effects

Cruciferous Vegetables: A Double-Edged Sword for Thyroid Health

Cruciferous vegetables like broccoli, cauliflower, and cabbage are renowned for their health benefits. However, for individuals with hypothyroidism, especially those with iodine deficiency, these vegetables require special consideration.

Why are cruciferous vegetables a concern for thyroid health? These vegetables contain compounds that may interfere with the thyroid’s ability to utilize iodine, which is essential for normal thyroid function. This effect is particularly notable in cases of iodine deficiency.

Does this mean individuals with hypothyroidism should avoid cruciferous vegetables entirely? Not necessarily. The Mayo Clinic suggests that one would need to consume a significant amount of these vegetables for it to impact iodine uptake substantially. Moreover, cooking these vegetables can reduce their potential negative effects on thyroid function.

Strategies for Enjoying Cruciferous Vegetables Safely:

Cook cruciferous vegetables to reduce their goitrogenic properties
Limit intake to about 5 ounces per day of cooked cruciferous vegetables
Ensure adequate iodine intake through other dietary sources or supplements (under medical supervision)
Monitor thyroid function regularly if including these vegetables in your diet

Gluten and Its Potential Impact on Thyroid Health

Gluten, a protein found in wheat, barley, rye, and some other grains, has become a topic of interest in thyroid health discussions. For individuals with hypothyroidism, particularly those with celiac disease, gluten consumption requires careful consideration.

Is there a link between gluten and thyroid function? While research hasn’t conclusively demonstrated that a gluten-free diet can treat thyroid conditions, there is an observed correlation between celiac disease and hypothyroidism. An article published in Endocrine Connections in May 2017 noted that these conditions often coexist.

For those with celiac disease, gluten can irritate the small intestine and potentially interfere with the absorption of thyroid hormone replacement medication. This makes it crucial for individuals with both conditions to manage their gluten intake carefully.

Considerations for Gluten Consumption in Hypothyroidism:

Discuss gluten sensitivity testing with your healthcare provider
If diagnosed with celiac disease, strictly adhere to a gluten-free diet
Monitor thyroid hormone levels regularly, especially if making significant dietary changes
Consider working with a registered dietitian to ensure nutritional needs are met on a gluten-free diet

Fatty and Processed Meats: Implications for Thyroid Health

While protein is an essential part of a balanced diet, certain types of meat can be problematic for individuals managing hypothyroidism. Fatty and processed meats, in particular, warrant caution.

How do fatty meats affect thyroid health? These foods are often high in saturated fats, which may interfere with the body’s ability to absorb thyroid hormone replacement medications. Additionally, a diet high in saturated fats can contribute to weight gain and inflammation, both of which can exacerbate hypothyroidism symptoms.

Processed meats present another concern. These products often contain high levels of sodium and preservatives, which can be detrimental to overall health and potentially impact thyroid function indirectly by contributing to inflammation and other health issues.

Healthier Meat Choices for Hypothyroidism:

Opt for lean protein sources like chicken, turkey, and fish
Choose grass-fed or organic meats when possible to minimize exposure to additives
Incorporate plant-based protein sources like legumes and nuts into your diet
Practice portion control to maintain a healthy weight

Sugar and Refined Carbohydrates: The Sweet Dilemma

Sugar and refined carbohydrates are problematic for overall health, but they pose specific challenges for individuals with hypothyroidism. These foods can contribute to weight gain, inflammation, and blood sugar imbalances, all of which can complicate thyroid management.

Why are sugary foods particularly concerning for thyroid health? Hypothyroidism often slows metabolism, making weight management more challenging. Consuming excessive sugar and refined carbohydrates can lead to rapid spikes in blood sugar, followed by crashes that may exacerbate fatigue – a common symptom of hypothyroidism.

Moreover, a diet high in sugar can contribute to chronic inflammation in the body. This inflammatory state may interfere with thyroid function and potentially worsen autoimmune thyroid conditions like Hashimoto’s thyroiditis.

Strategies to Reduce Sugar and Refined Carb Intake:

Choose complex carbohydrates like whole grains, vegetables, and legumes
Satisfy sweet cravings with whole fruits instead of processed sweets
Read food labels carefully to identify hidden sources of added sugars
Experiment with natural sweeteners like stevia in moderation
Gradually reduce sugar intake to allow taste buds to adjust

Excessive Fiber: Finding the Right Balance

While fiber is an essential component of a healthy diet, excessive consumption can be problematic for individuals with hypothyroidism, particularly those taking thyroid hormone replacement medication.

How does fiber affect thyroid medication absorption? High-fiber foods can interfere with the absorption of thyroid hormone replacement medications. This doesn’t mean fiber should be avoided entirely, but rather consumed thoughtfully and timed appropriately in relation to medication intake.

Fiber plays a crucial role in digestive health, blood sugar regulation, and weight management – all important factors for individuals with hypothyroidism. The key is to find the right balance and timing.

Tips for Balancing Fiber Intake with Thyroid Health:

Space out high-fiber meals and thyroid medication by at least 4 hours
Gradually increase fiber intake to avoid digestive discomfort
Choose a variety of fiber sources, including both soluble and insoluble fibers
Stay well-hydrated to support proper digestion of fiber
Consult with a healthcare provider or registered dietitian for personalized advice on fiber intake

Alcohol and Caffeine: Moderation is Key

Both alcohol and caffeine can impact thyroid function and overall health. For individuals managing hypothyroidism, understanding these effects is crucial for maintaining optimal thyroid health.

How does alcohol affect thyroid function? Excessive alcohol consumption can suppress thyroid hormone production and interfere with the thyroid’s ability to utilize iodine. Additionally, alcohol can contribute to liver damage, which plays a crucial role in converting thyroid hormones to their active form.

What about caffeine’s impact on thyroid health? While moderate caffeine consumption is generally considered safe, it can interfere with the absorption of thyroid hormone replacement medications. Caffeine may also exacerbate certain symptoms associated with thyroid disorders, such as anxiety and sleep disturbances.

Guidelines for Alcohol and Caffeine Consumption:

Limit alcohol intake to moderate levels, if consumed at all
Avoid consuming caffeine within an hour of taking thyroid medication
Monitor how caffeine affects your individual symptoms and adjust intake accordingly
Consider alternatives like herbal teas or decaffeinated beverages
Stay hydrated with water to support overall thyroid function and health

Managing hypothyroidism through diet involves more than just avoiding certain foods. It’s about creating a balanced, nutrient-rich eating plan that supports overall health and thyroid function. While the foods discussed here warrant caution, it’s essential to remember that individual responses can vary. What works for one person may not be ideal for another.

Consulting with healthcare providers, including endocrinologists and registered dietitians, can provide personalized guidance for navigating diet with hypothyroidism. Regular monitoring of thyroid function and adjustment of treatment plans as needed are crucial components of effective thyroid management.

By being mindful of these dietary considerations and working closely with healthcare professionals, individuals with hypothyroidism can optimize their thyroid health and overall well-being. Remember, small, consistent changes in diet and lifestyle can lead to significant improvements in managing hypothyroidism and enhancing quality of life.

9 Foods to Avoid with Hypothyroidism

What you eat can affect your thyroid gland as well as your body’s ability to use thyroid hormone. Learn which foods to avoid when managing hypothyroidism.

By Dennis Thompson JrMedically Reviewed by Kacy Church, MD

Reviewed: January 30, 2020

Medically Reviewed

Certain foods like fatty meat and cruciferous veggies may interfere with the production of thyroid hormone.

iStock

Hypothyroidism can be a tricky condition to manage, and what you eat can interfere with your treatment. Some nutrients heavily influence the function of the thyroid gland, and certain foods can inhibit your body’s ability to absorb the replacement hormones you may take as part of your thyroid treatment.

Having a thyroid condition is no picnic, but you’re not alone with this health issue. According to the American Thyroid Association, more than 12 percent of the population may end up dealing with a thyroid condition at some point in their lives. And thyroid issues can be sneaky: Of the nearly 20 million Americans living with the disease, as many as 60 percent don’t even realize they have it.

As with many health conditions, some factors are out of your control, including your family history and the environment around you. But diet also plays a prominent role — and since you’re the one in charge of your plate, you can decide which thyroid-friendly foods to choose.

Some items on this list may strike you as odd, like fiber and coffee, because for many other diets they’re considered ‘healthy’ or ‘safe’ picks. You can still enjoy these foods groups, but moderating your intake is a good idea when managing hypothyroidism.

But many of the others to watch out for already fall into the no-no category as part of a smart diet, so skipping them, or at least cutting way back, is definitely a no-brainer. These include fried fast-food meals, salty processed foods, sugary treats, such as pastry, cake, cookies, and ice cream, and excessive alcohol.

So while there’s no such thing as a “hypothyroidism diet” that will make you well, eating smart can help you feel better despite the condition. Here are nine foods to limit or avoid as you manage hypothyroidism:

Foods With Soy, Including Edamame, Tofu, and Miso

Shutterstock

There’s long been concern over the potential negative effects that certain compounds in soy — called isoflavones — may have on the thyroid. Some researchers believe that too much soy may increase a person’s risk for hypothyroidism. A study published in March 2019 in Scientific Reports, however, found that soy has no effect on thyroid hormones and very modestly raises thyroid stimulating hormone levels.

So there are no specific dietary guidelines, but some research does suggest that consumption of soy may interfere with your ability to absorb thyroid medication. For that reason, you may want to wait four hours after eating soy-based foods before taking your regular dose. Check with your doctor to see what’s best for you.

Cruciferous Vegetables Like Broccoli and Cauliflower

Natasa Mandic/Stocksy

Cruciferous vegetables, such as broccoli and cabbage, are full of fiber and other nutrients, but they may interfere with the production of thyroid hormone if you have an iodine deficiency. So if you do, it’s a good idea to limit your intake of Brussels sprouts, cabbage, cauliflower, kale, turnips, and bok choy, because research suggests digesting these vegetables may block the thyroid’s ability to utilize iodine, which is essential for normal thyroid function. However, according to the Mayo Clinic, you would need to consume a significant amount of cruciferous vegetables for it to truly impact iodine uptake.

If you have been diagnosed with both hypothyroidism and iodine deficiency, there are some things you can do to make these vegetables less harmful. Cooking them can reduce the effect that cruciferous vegetables have on the thyroid gland, and limiting your intake of these (cooked) vegetables to 5 ounces a day may help as well, since that amount appears to have no adverse effect on thyroid function.

Gluten, Found in Bread and Pasta

Ina Peters/Stocksy

Those with hypothyroidism may want to consider minimizing their intake of gluten, a protein found in foods processed from wheat, barley, rye, and other grains, says Ruth Frechman, RDN, a dietitian in the Los Angeles area and a spokesperson for the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. And if you have been diagnosed with celiac disease, gluten can irritate the small intestine and may hamper absorption of thyroid hormone replacement medication.

An article published in May 2017 in the journal Endocrine Connections noted that hypothyroidism and celiac disease are often present together, and while no research has demonstrated that a gluten-free diet can treat thyroid conditions, you may still want to talk to a doctor about whether it would be worth eliminating gluten, or getting tested for celiac disease. A study published in July 2019 in Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes found that a gluten-free diet may have clinical benefits for women with thyroid disease.

If you do choose to eat gluten, be sure to choose whole-grain varieties of bread and pasta, which are high in fiber and other nutrients and can help improve bowel irregularity, a common symptom of hypothyroidism. Also be sure to take your hypothyroidism medication several hours before or after eating high-fiber foods, to prevent them from interfering with the absorption of your synthetic thyroid hormone.

Fatty Foods Such as Butter, Meat, and All Things Fried

iStock.com

Fats have been found to disrupt the body’s ability to absorb thyroid hormone replacement medicines, says Stephanie Lee, MD, PhD, associate chief of endocrinology, nutrition, and diabetes at Boston Medical Center and an associate professor at the Boston University School of Medicine in Massachusetts.

Fats may also interfere with the thyroid’s ability to produce hormone as well. Some healthcare professionals recommend that you cut out all fried foods and reduce your intake of fats from sources such as butter, mayonnaise, margarine, and fatty cuts of meat.

Sugary Foods Like This Delicious Chocolate Cake

Shutterstock

Hypothyroidism can cause the body’s metabolism to slow down, Frechman says. That means it’s easy to put on pounds if you aren’t careful. “You want to avoid foods with excess amounts of sugar because it’s a lot of calories with no nutrients,” she says. It’s best to reduce the amount of sugar you eat or try to eliminate it completely from your diet.

Processed Foods in Packages and the Frozen Aisle

Thinkstock

“Processed foods tend to have a lot of sodium, and people with hypothyroidism should avoid sodium,” Frechman says. Having an underactive thyroid increases a person’s risk for high blood pressure, and too much sodium further increases this risk.

Read the “Nutrition Facts” label on the packaging of processed foods to find options lowest in sodium. People with an increased risk for high blood pressure should restrict their sodium intake to 1,500 milligrams a day, according to the American Heart Association.

Excess Fiber From Beans, Legumes, and Vegetables

Thinkstock

Getting enough fiber is good for you, but too much can complicate your hypothyroidism treatment. The government’s Daily Guidelines for Americans currently recommends that adults up to age 50 should take in 25 to 38 grams of fiber a day. Amounts of dietary fiber from whole grains, vegetables, fruits, beans, and legumes that go above that level affect your digestive system and can interfere with absorption of thyroid hormone replacement drugs.

If you’re on a high-fiber diet, ask your doctor if you need a higher dose of thyroid medication. Your maintenance dose may need to be increased if you aren’t absorbing enough medication.

Coffee: Time Your First Cup Carefully in the Morning

Julia Sudnitskaya/Shutterstock

Per a study in the journal Thyroid, caffeine has been found to block absorption of thyroid hormone replacement. “People who were taking their thyroid medication with their morning coffee had uncontrollable thyroid levels, and we couldn’t figure it out,” says Dr. Lee. “I now have to be very careful to tell people, ‘Only take your medication with water.'” You should wait at least 30 minutes after taking your medication before having a cup of joe.

Alcohol Doesn’t Play Well With Your Thyroid

Shutterstock

Alcohol consumption can wreak havoc on both thyroid hormone levels in the body and the ability of the thyroid to produce hormone, according to a study in the Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism. Alcohol appears to have a toxic effect on the thyroid gland and suppresses the ability of the body to use thyroid hormone. Ideally, people with hypothyroidism should cut out alcohol completely or drink in careful moderation.

An earlier version of this article incorrectly stated that rice contains gluten. It does not. Everyday Health regrets the error.

Hypothyroidism Questions You’re Too Embarrassed to Ask

All the awkward questions you may have about your underactive thyroid, answered.

By Blake MillerMedically Reviewed by Rosalyn Carson-DeWitt, MD

Reviewed: May 17, 2018

Medically Reviewed

Here’s what you need to know about some of the more uncomfortable symptoms of hypothyroidism. Jim Craigmyle/Getty Images

Although thyroid conditions are a common health issue in the United States — about 20 million Americans have a thyroid disease of some kind, though about 60 percent of them may be unaware of it, according to the American Thyroid Association — they may still go undiscussed.

One possible reason: Hypothyroidism can cause some symptoms — like low libido and constipation — that many of us don’t feel comfortable talking about. “Nobody wants to talk about the strange, embarrassing things happening to our bodies,” says Salila Kurra, MD, an endocrinologist and the medical director at Columbia Adrenal Center in New York City.

The good news is that with thyroid medication, these symptoms are relatively easy to resolve. Here are the answers to some of the more embarrassing questions about hypothyroidism.

1. Why am I constipated all the time?

“Constipation is one of the most common symptoms in people with underactive thyroids,” says Dr. Kurra. “Hypothyroidism decreases your gut motility and how fast things actually move through your gut, therefore increasing your risk of developing constipation.”

WHAT TO DO: Try increasing your water and fiber intake, says Susan Spratt, MD, an endocrinologist at Duke Health in Durham, North Carolina. “But remember, do not take fiber or vitamins with thyroid pills,” Dr. Spratt says. “These can affect the thyroid pill and cause it to not be absorbed in the gut.”

2. Why do I have a low sex drive?

Unfortunately, one of the major side effects of an underactive thyroid is low libido. In fact, according to a 2013 study in the Journal of Endocrinology Investigation, female sexual dysfunction occurs in nearly 50 percent of women with hypothyroidism.

WHAT TO DO: Women can see a drop in estrogen after menopause, which can also account for a lower sex drive. What can you do to maintain a healthy sex life? For one, get more shut-eye. More sleep can lead to more sex, according to a 2015 study published in The Journal of Sexual Medicine. The researchers found that women who got an extra hour of sleep were 14 percent more likely to have sex with a partner the following day. Practicing healthy habits like eating well and exercising regularly may also help. And be open with your partner about your needs and desires. You may want to focus on other ways to be intimate, such as kissing, touching, or cuddling.

3. Why are my periods so heavy or irregular?

Hypothyroidism can cause heavy periods — something that can lead to an iron deficiency, which can cause symptoms such as fatigue, shortness of breath, and worsening sleep apnea, explains Spratt. Kurra says that the majority of women with hypothyroidism have normal periods. Some women, however, experience problems with their menstrual cycles that can range from absent or infrequent periods to periods that are more frequent and heavier.

WHAT TO DO: Treating your hypothyroidism should also improve your menstruation symptoms. If you’re having trouble regulating your thyroid hormone levels and your periods are very heavy, talk to your ob-gyn or primary care doctor about taking hormone replacement therapy or using oral contraceptives, which can help regulate your period and prevent more blood loss, says Kurra.

4. My hair is falling out. What can I do to prevent it?

Lack of thyroid hormone leads to a quicker “death,” so to speak, of hair cells, which results in hair loss. “Any time your thyroid is low or high, your hair is affected,” says Spratt. Often, the hair all dies at once, which can be disconcerting for many patients.

WHAT TO DO: “Make sure your calcium, vitamin D, and iron intake is adequate,” recommends Spratt. “Eventually your hair should start to grow in again. If it doesn’t, see your dermatologist for an evaluation for other causes and treatment options. ” You should also treat your hair gently and avoid using harsh products that can make dry, thinning hair worse. If you feel self-conscious, talk to your hairdresser about flattering cuts and styles that can disguise hair loss.

5. What can I do about a puffy face?

Low thyroid hormone can cause a drop in your body temperature, which can then lead to fluid retention in your face. Luckily, once your thyroid hormone is normalized, the fluid retention will usually disappear.

WHAT TO DO: In addition to regulating the thyroid hormone with medication, Spratt recommends limiting your sodium intake and avoiding alcohol.

6. I keep forgetting things. What’s going on?

Brain fog is often associated with autoimmune disorders like hypothyroidism. “We don’t completely understand why brain fog occurs,” Kurra says. “But with low thyroid hormone, we know that it somehow creates a neurological disruption in the brain, which can cause memory loss or brain fog. ”

WHAT TO DO: Make sure your B12 and calcium are at normal levels, suggests Spratt. Also, are you snoring? If so, get tested for sleep apnea, which can increase the chances of developing brain fog. If brain fog continues after getting your thyroid levels in check, however, be sure to talk to your doctor about other possible culprits, recommends Kurra.

By subscribing you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy.

6 Weight Loss Tips for Hypothyroidism

Hypothyroidism, if not treated, can make weight loss a challenge. But with the proper thyroid medication, as well as certain diet and lifestyle changes…

By Diana RodriguezMay 26, 2023

What Is Hypothyroidism? Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention

Hypothyroidism is when your thyroid gland produces insufficient hormones, impacting your metabolism. Underactive thyroid is most likely to affect women…

By Kristeen Cherney, PhDMay 21, 2023

6 Ways to Stay on Top of Your Hypothyroidism Medication

Missing a dose of thyroid medication, or taking it at the wrong time, can upset your treatment plan and make it less effective. Here are six strategies…

By Mikel TheobaldMay 3, 2023

Hypothyroidism Treatments: Medications, Supplements, and More

Hypothyroidism treatment includes supplements, synthetic T4 hormones, combination medications, and more.

By Kristeen Cherney, PhDOctober 9, 2022

Hypothyroidism Signs and Symptoms

Hypothyroidism can be serious if untreated. That’s why it’s key to know hypothyroidism symptoms, like fatigue and weight gain.

By Kristeen Cherney, PhDOctober 8, 2022

10 Common Causes of Hypothyroidism You Need to Know

While Hashimoto’s thyroiditis is the most common driver behind the condition, thyroid surgery, certain medications, and even pregnancy can also lead to…

By Kristeen Cherney, PhDOctober 5, 2022

Life Hacks to Manage Hypothyroidism Symptoms

Looking for ways to better manage hypothyroidism symptoms? Try these real-life tips to fight fatigue, dry skin, weight gain, and more.

By Erin CoakleyJuly 27, 2022

forbidden and permitted foods, weekly menu

Content of the article:

What is hypothyroidism
Diet requirement
Basic principles of nutrition
Types of diets
- Diet Mary Chaumont
- Diet No. 8
- Slimming Diet
Approved Products
Prohibited products
Consequences of not following a diet
Sample menu for the week

Hypothyroidism occurs when the level of thyroid hormones decreases due to inhibition of thyroid function. The disease leads to a slowdown in all vital processes in the body due to a violation of energy metabolism. The treatment regimen for hypothyroidism, in addition to hormone replacement therapy, includes a special diet. The diet is built in such a way as to ensure the need for energy in tissues, and at the same time prevent the development of metabolic syndrome, obesity and atherosclerosis. Source:
Endocrinology. National leadership. Dedov I.I., Melnichenko G.A. Moscow: GEOTAR-Media. 2013. p.755.

What is hypothyroidism

The human thyroid gland produces hormones – thyroxine and triiodothyronine. Their main function is to regulate cellular metabolism. Inflammation, trauma, removal of the thyroid gland, and disruption of control by the pituitary and hypothalamus lead to a drop in the level of thyroid hormones in the blood. Hypothyroidism develops, in which the function of all internal organs suffers. An important and common cause of the disease is iodine deficiency in drinking water and food. Iodine is the basis for the synthesis of thyroid hormones, and its deficiency leads to gland hypofunction.

Main manifestations of hypothyroidism:

severe fatigue;
apathy, lack of interest in life;
violation of the intellect, emotional sphere;
slow metabolism;
in women, the menstrual cycle suffers, infertility is possible;
in men, libido drops, testosterone synthesis decreases.

Hypothyroidism can be latent and clinically evident. With a latent, or subclinical form of the disease, there are no specific symptoms. Hormone therapy is not prescribed, except for pregnant women and women planning pregnancy. Correction of hormone deficiency is carried out by non-drug methods. The depletion of the body’s compensatory abilities leads to the transition of the subclinical form to the manifest one, and then drug treatment is already indicated.

Diagnosis and treatment by an endocrinologist. For treatment, the drug levothyroxine is used – a synthetic analogue of the hormone thyroxine. Non-drug treatment includes the normalization of lifestyle, a healthy diet.

Need for diet

A therapeutic diet is indicated for all patients with hypothyroidism. The purpose of her appointment:

correction of iodine deficiency in the body;
providing cells with energy and nutrients;
reduction of manifestations of hypothyroidism;
prevention of the development of metabolic syndrome.

At the initial stage of the disease, in the absence of symptoms, an iodine-fortified diet can eliminate the need for drug hormone therapy. In patients with subclinical hypothyroidism, a therapeutic diet prolongs the asymptomatic course and prevents the transition to a manifest form. With clinically pronounced hypothyroidism, the diet improves the quality of life of patients, reduces the risk of complications Source:
Hypothyroidism diet plan. Evseev A.N. Bulletin of science and practice. 2020. No. 10. pp.179-185.

Basic principles of nutrition

The therapeutic diet must comply with the following principles:

calorie content of the daily diet is not more than 2300 kcal;
content of animal fats up to 50 g per day, vegetable fats – up to 20 g per day;
carbohydrate content – up to 400 g per day;
daily protein content – 40 g of animals and 40 g of vegetables;
restriction of sweets;
fresh fruits and vegetables;
fasting day once a week;
cooking by stewing, boiling, steaming;
use of iodized salt;
5-6 meals per day, in small portions.

Types of diets

Nutritionists distinguish several types of therapeutic nutrition used in hypothyroidism. A maintenance diet is recommended for patients with normal body weight. It provides the body’s need for energy and nutrients, prevents weight gain, the development of atherosclerosis. Use treatment table number 8 according to Pevzner, Mary Chaumont’s diet. Patients with overweight are shown a diet for weight loss. It is characterized by a lower calorie content, the predominance of dairy and vegetable foods.

Mary Chaumont’s diet

Mary Chaumont is a writer who herself suffered from hypothyroidism. She has written a book on therapeutic nutrition to help patients around the world better cope with their disease. Mary Chaumont’s diet for hypothyroidism is built on the following principles:

Strictly avoid starvation – eating 5-6 times a day in small portions, daily caloric intake of 1800-2000 kcal;
daily consume foods high in tyrosine – bananas, avocados, almonds;
daily use foods high in iodine – persimmon, seafood, greens, sea fish;
times a day to eat a bowl of porridge with water or skim milk;
times a day to eat 200 grams of raw fruits or vegetables to normalize bowel function;
times a day to eat a bowl of soup – vegetable or low-fat meat broth.

Chaumont proposed her own method of calculating the allowable calorie content of the diet – the patient’s body weight in kilograms multiplied by 25 and subtracted from the result 200. A person weighing 70 kilograms should receive 1550 kcal per day. This is not a strict way to calculate calories, it is necessary to take into account the lifestyle of the patient and his profession. People who are actively involved in sports or hard physical labor need more calories. Those patients who are overweight, sedentary, should reduce the calorie content in the diet.

Diet No. 8

Treatment table No. 8 according to Pevzner suggests a restriction in the diet of animal fats. The diet helps to maintain optimal weight, serves as a prevention of atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular complications. Excluded from the menu:

fatty meats and fish;
fatty milk and sour milk products;
smoked products, meat and fish delicacies, preserves;
high-calorie sauces.

The following products are approved:

white fish and all seafood;
chicken, turkey, rabbit;
any cereals;
vegetables and fruits;
low-fat fermented milk products.

Meals are baked, stewed, boiled, steamed.

Slimming Diet

Recommended for overweight patients. Obesity develops against the background of a slowdown in metabolism, with metabolic syndrome. Overweight patients are more at risk of complications, especially from the cardiovascular system.

It is recommended to limit or exclude the following products from the menu:

pork, lamb, red fish;
pasta;
butter, lard;
baked goods, confectionery;
sweets, chocolate, halva;
alcohol, sugary carbonated drinks.

The basis of the menu should be foods low in carbohydrates:

cereals;
vegetables and fruits;
herbs, berries;
low-fat dairy and sour-milk products;
honey.

Meals should be prepared with a minimum use of oil – stew, boil, bake. Divide the daily volume of food into 5-6 servings, 150-200 grams each. With a strong feeling of hunger, snacks between main meals are allowed – raw apples, carrots, kefir. The intake of calories should be less than their consumption. The daily calorie content of the diet is determined by a nutritionist, taking into account the gender and age of the patient, his lifestyle, profession.

Diet alone is not enough to reduce body weight. Physical activity must be present. Recommended daily gymnastics, walking or jogging, strength exercises. The doctor determines the volume of physical activity individually, based on the general condition of the patient. After reaching the optimal body weight, it is allowed to switch to a maintenance diet.

Allowed products

The basis of therapeutic nutrition for hypothyroidism are products that are useful for the functioning of the thyroid gland and metabolism in the body. The source of iodine, selenium and phosphorus is sea fish and algae, all seafood. Iodine is the main trace element for the thyroid gland, it serves as the basis for the synthesis of thyroid hormones. Low-fat sea fish, seaweed salad should be in the diet of a patient with hypothyroidism daily Source:
Modern methods of treatment of hypothyroidism. Tretiak S.I. Minsk. 2011. p.150.

Fresh fruits and vegetables improve metabolism and the digestive tract. It is important to eat them raw in order to get the maximum benefit. Vegetables and fruits also contain iodine, most of this trace element in apples, persimmons, beets and tomatoes. Patients with hypothyroidism need B vitamins – they contain cucumbers, herbs, carrots, bell peppers, green peas.

Cereals contain ascorbic acid, vitamins of group B. Buckwheat, millet, barley porridges are especially useful for people with hypothyroidism. It is recommended not to boil buckwheat, but to fill it with water or kefir overnight.

Fermented milk products normalize the functioning of the digestive tract, support the immune system. Low-fat yogurt and sour cream, cottage cheese, hard cheese, yogurt are useful for patients with hypothyroidism.

Prohibited foods

If you have hypothyroidism, you should not eat those foods that slow down the metabolism, contribute to the accumulation of toxins in the body, and weight gain. First of all, this applies to sweets – any confectionery, sugar, honey, jam, sweet fruits and berries. They should be replaced with unsweetened fruits, dried fruits, pectin marmalade.

Plants from the cruciferous family are not recommended for patients with hypothyroidism. They contain substances that block the thyroid enzyme peroxidase. This leads to a slowdown in the synthesis of hormones. This includes all types of cabbage, turnips and rutabaga. Legumes have a similar effect.

Alcohol is strictly forbidden – its metabolism and excretion from the body are accompanied by a high consumption of thyroid hormones. You should also exclude smoked meats, semi-finished products, marinades from the diet. Source:
Medical nutrition. Gubergrits A.Ya., Linevskiy Yu.V. Kyiv. 1989. p.398.

Consequences of non-compliance with the diet

Refusal of therapeutic nutrition, disregard for the recommendations of a nutritionist worsens the quality of life of a patient with hypothyroidism. Symptoms of the disease increase, a person gains weight, digestion suffers. The low content of iodine in drinking water and food products leads to the rapid progression of the disease, the transition from a subclinical form to a manifest one, worsening of symptoms Source:
Interaction of drugs and food. Baranovsky A.Yu. Practical Dietetics. 2014. No. 1. pp.34-42. Eating high-calorie, fatty foods, a large amount of carbohydrates leads to weight gain. This increases the risk of developing atherosclerosis, hypertension, coronary heart disease.

Sample menu for the week

Nutrition for hypothyroidism should be varied and complete. The therapeutic diet for this disease is quite free, differs from other diets with minimal restrictions. An extensive list of allowed foods allows you to create a delicious menu for the week, taking into account any food preferences of patients.

Day 1:

breakfast – oatmeal with milk, cheese sandwich, tea;
lunch – vegetable salad, lean borscht, tea;
afternoon snack – a handful of nuts, berries;
dinner – baked fish, vegetables, tea.

2nd day:

breakfast — cottage cheese with sour cream and berries, coffee;
lunch – chicken stew with potatoes, seaweed salad, fruit drink;
afternoon snack – baked apple, kefir;
dinner – vegetable salad, cheese sandwich, tea.

Day 3:

breakfast — buckwheat milk porridge, cheese sandwich, tea;
lunch – vegetable soup, baked fish, tea;
afternoon snack – fruit salad with yogurt;
dinner – seaweed salad, tea.

Day 4:

breakfast – boiled eggs, cheese sandwich, coffee;
lunch – cabbage soup with lean meat, stewed potatoes, vegetable salad, tea;
afternoon snack – cottage cheese with sour cream, compote;
dinner – baked fish with vegetable salad, tea.

Day 5:

breakfast – steam omelet, vegetable salad, tea;
lunch – stew with vegetables, low-fat broth, compote;
afternoon snack – yogurt, nuts;
dinner – cottage cheese with sour cream and berries, fruit drink.

Day 6:

breakfast — boiled fish, egg, coffee;
lunch – pickle, seaweed salad, tea;
afternoon snack – cheese sandwich, fresh vegetables, fruit drink;
dinner – kefir, cheese sandwich.

Day 7:

breakfast – steam omelet, vegetable salad, tea;
lunch – low-fat borscht, stewed potatoes with fish, compote;
afternoon snack – fruit salad with yogurt;
dinner – seaweed salad with egg, tea.

Endocrinology. National leadership. Dedov I.I., Melnichenko G.A. Moscow: GEOTAR-Media. 2013. p.755
Hypothyroidism diet plan. Evseev A.N. Bulletin of science and practice. 2020. No. 10. p.179-185
Modern methods of treatment of hypothyroidism. Tretiak S.I. Minsk. 2011. p.150
Medical nutrition. Gubergrits A.Ya., Linevskiy Yu.V. Kyiv. 1989. p.398
Drug-food interactions. Baranovsky A.Yu. Practical Dietetics. 2014. No. 1. p.34-42

Hypothyroidism during pregnancy

Hypothyroidism during pregnancy is called gestational. The condition is caused by a decrease in the hormonal function of the thyroid gland, which the woman had before pregnancy or during …

Edema in hypothyroidism

Hypothyroidism is a disease in which the hormonal function of the thyroid gland is impaired. It produces thyroxine and triiodothyronine, which control cellular metabolism. ..

Diet for atopic dermatitis

Atopic dermatitis is a chronic relapsing inflammation of the skin caused by hypersensitivity to food allergens. Diagnosis more often…

Do you want us to call you back?

Leave a request and we will answer all your questions in detail!

Name

Phone *

forbidden and permitted foods, menu for the week