What is the difference between a fractured arm and a broken arm. How are various types of bone fractures classified. What are the common treatment options for bone injuries. How do medical professionals diagnose and manage different kinds of fractures.

The Truth About Fractured and Broken Bones

Many people wonder about the distinction between a fractured arm and a broken arm. The surprising truth is that there is no difference – these terms are used interchangeably in medical contexts. A fracture refers to any break in the continuity of a bone, regardless of its severity or type.

Bones are generally rigid structures, but they can weaken over time due to various factors such as age, disease, or repetitive stress. When an external force exceeds the bone’s capacity to withstand it, a fracture occurs. This can happen in various ways, resulting in different types of breaks.

Common Types of Bone Fractures

Bone fractures are classified based on the nature of the break and the resulting bone alignment. Understanding these classifications is crucial for proper diagnosis and treatment. Here are some of the most common types:

• Closed vs. Open Fractures
• Displaced vs. Non-Displaced Fractures
• Transverse Fractures
• Oblique Fractures
• Comminuted Fractures
• Greenstick Fractures

Closed vs. Open Fractures

A closed fracture occurs when the bone breaks without penetrating the skin. In contrast, an open fracture, also known as a compound fracture, involves the broken bone piercing through the skin. Open fractures are generally more severe and carry a higher risk of infection, often requiring surgical intervention.

Displaced vs. Non-Displaced Fractures

In a displaced fracture, the broken bone pieces have moved out of their normal alignment. This type of fracture usually requires treatment to realign the bone fragments. A non-displaced fracture, sometimes referred to as a hairline fracture, occurs when the bone breaks but maintains its proper alignment. These fractures often heal with conservative treatment methods.

Other Fracture Types

Transverse fractures feature a horizontal break across the bone, while oblique fractures have an angled or diagonal break. Comminuted fractures involve the bone shattering into three or more pieces. Greenstick fractures, commonly seen in children, occur when the bone bends and cracks without fully breaking due to the softer, more flexible nature of young bones.

Diagnosing Bone Fractures

Accurate diagnosis is crucial for proper treatment of bone fractures. How do medical professionals determine the type and severity of a fracture?

• Physical Examination
• Imaging Tests
• Patient History

The diagnostic process typically begins with a physical examination, where the doctor assesses the injury site for swelling, deformity, and pain. Imaging tests, such as X-rays, CT scans, or MRI scans, provide detailed views of the bone structure and help confirm the fracture type. The patient’s medical history and the circumstances of the injury also play a crucial role in diagnosis and treatment planning.

Treatment Options for Bone Fractures

The treatment approach for a bone fracture depends on various factors, including the type of fracture, its location, and the patient’s overall health. What are the common methods used to treat bone fractures?

1. Immobilization
2. Closed Reduction
3. Percutaneous Pinning
4. Open Reduction with Internal Fixation (ORIF)
5. Medications
6. Physical Therapy

Immobilization

Many fractures can be treated by immobilizing the affected area with a brace, splint, or cast. This method allows the bone to heal naturally by keeping it still and protected. The duration of immobilization varies depending on the fracture’s severity and location.

Closed Reduction

When bone fragments have moved out of alignment, a closed reduction procedure may be necessary. This involves manipulating the broken pieces back into their proper position without surgery. After realignment, a cast is usually applied to maintain the correct position during healing.

Percutaneous Pinning

Some fractures result in bone fragments that are difficult to keep in place after realignment. In such cases, surgeons may recommend percutaneous pinning. This minimally invasive procedure involves inserting pins through the skin to secure the bone fragments in their correct position. The pins are typically removed once the fracture has healed.

Open Reduction with Internal Fixation (ORIF)

For more severe fractures with significant displacement, open reduction with internal fixation may be necessary. This surgical procedure involves making an incision to access the fracture site, realigning the bone fragments, and securing them with screws, plates, or other hardware. ORIF allows for precise alignment and stability during the healing process.

Complications and Recovery from Bone Fractures

While most fractures heal without significant issues, complications can occur. What are some potential complications of bone fractures, and how long does recovery typically take?

• Infection (especially in open fractures)
• Delayed or non-union (failure of the bone to heal properly)
• Malunion (bone heals in an incorrect position)
• Joint stiffness or loss of range of motion
• Nerve or blood vessel damage

Recovery time varies greatly depending on the fracture’s severity, location, and the patient’s overall health. Simple fractures may heal in a matter of weeks, while more complex injuries can take several months. Physical therapy often plays a crucial role in restoring strength and function to the affected area during the recovery process.

Preventing Bone Fractures

While not all fractures can be prevented, there are steps individuals can take to reduce their risk. How can one minimize the likelihood of experiencing a bone fracture?

• Maintain a healthy diet rich in calcium and vitamin D
• Engage in regular weight-bearing exercises
• Avoid smoking and excessive alcohol consumption
• Use proper safety equipment during sports and physical activities
• Make home modifications to prevent falls, especially for older adults
• Get regular bone density screenings, particularly for those at higher risk of osteoporosis

By incorporating these preventive measures into daily life, individuals can significantly reduce their risk of experiencing bone fractures and maintain overall bone health.

When to Seek Medical Attention for Suspected Fractures

Recognizing the signs of a potential fracture and seeking prompt medical attention is crucial for proper treatment and recovery. When should someone seek medical care for a suspected bone fracture?

• Visible deformity or misalignment of a limb
• Severe pain that worsens with movement
• Swelling, bruising, or tenderness around the injured area
• Inability to bear weight or use the affected limb
• Numbness or tingling sensation
• Any open wound associated with the injury

If any of these symptoms are present following an injury, it’s important to seek immediate medical evaluation. Prompt treatment can help prevent complications and ensure proper healing.

Advances in Fracture Treatment and Research

The field of orthopedics continues to evolve, with new technologies and techniques emerging to improve fracture treatment outcomes. What are some recent advancements in fracture care?

• 3D-printed casts and braces
• Biodegradable implants
• Computer-assisted surgery for more precise alignment
• Stem cell therapies to promote bone healing
• Virtual reality applications for rehabilitation

These innovations aim to enhance healing times, reduce complications, and improve patient comfort during the recovery process. Ongoing research in bone biology and biomaterials continues to drive progress in fracture treatment, offering hope for even better outcomes in the future.

Understanding the nature of bone fractures, their treatment options, and prevention strategies is essential for anyone concerned about bone health. By staying informed and taking proactive measures, individuals can better navigate the challenges posed by these common injuries and maintain strong, healthy bones throughout their lives.

What Is the Difference Between a Fracture and a Broken Bone? By Jesse Morse-Brady, FNP-BC

A Fracture = A Broken Bone

The quick answer to this question is that they are the same! A “fracture” refers to a “break” in the bone, which can take many forms. There are numerous different types of fractures, with various different treatments. Some bone injuries are able to heal on their own, some require casting or splinting, and some even require surgery.

Common Types of Fractures

Closed vs. Open Fractures: A “closed fracture” is one in which the bone has broken but has not penetrated the skin.  An “open fracture” involves a portion of the broken bone being exposed outside of the skin.  Open fractures are much less common than closed fractures, and often involve surgical treatment to realign the broken pieces of bone and clean the wound to reduce the risk of infection.

Displaced vs. Non-Displaced Fractures: A “displaced fracture” is one in which the bone has broken and the pieces of bone have moved in relation to one another.  This may require treatment to realign the broken pieces, based upon how much movement has occurred.  A “non-displaced fracture” is one in which the bone has broken, but the pieces have not moved.  Many people may have heard of this referred to as a “hairline fracture.”  Non-displaced fractures can often be treated by keeping the affected area immobilized with a splint or brace, but sometimes require further treatment.

Types of Fracture Treatment

Immobilization: Many fractures are able to be treated by keeping the affected bone or joint still with a brace, splint, or cast while the bone heals.

Closed Reduction: If the broken pieces of bone have moved in a way that is not conducive to healing, they can sometimes be put back into place with a “closed reduction” procedure.   This involves manipulating the broken pieces of bone back into proper alignment, and usually applying a cast to keep the fracture properly “lined up.”

Percutaneous Pinning: Some fractures cause bone pieces to move into configurations that cannot easily stay in place if they are lined up.  If this should occur, a surgeon may recommend “pinning” them back into place using surgical instruments.  A pinning procedure utilizes pins that are placed through the skin to secure the bone fragments in place. The pins are removed once the fracture has healed.

Open Reduction with Internal Fixation: For fractures in which the bone pieces have moved significantly, surgery is sometimes required.  When this occurs, an incision is made in the skin near the fracture site, and the pieces are placed back together before being “fixed” in place with screws, surgical plates, or other materials.

If You or Someone You Know Has a Fracture

Fremont Orthopaedics is here to help patients through the course of fracture care, from the time of injury until the fracture is healed.   For any additional questions or to schedule an appointment with one of our providers, call (307) 332-9720.

This document contains general guidelines and is not a substitute to your provider’s instructions or an alternative to seeking appropriate medical care or follow-up appointments. For questions or concerns, seek professional medical attention. For medical emergencies, call 911.

Bone Break vs. Fracture | Sports-health

It may come as a surprise, but a broken bone and a fractured bone are the same thing. A fracture occurs when an outside force is too great for a bone to handle. Although generally rigid, bones can weaken over time and become more susceptible to fracturing.

Fractures may occur lengthwise, crosswise, or in multiple pieces. Similarly, the underlying causes of bone breaks varies.

This page will describe different types of fractures, how they occur, and how they are treated.

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Different Types of Bone Fractures

Fractures are classified by how the bone breaks. The most common fractures are:

The most common fractures are illustrated here along the femur. Fractures may occur lengthwise, crosswise and sometimes in multiple pieces.

• Compound (open) fracture. The bone may pierce the skin at the time of the fracture.
• Transverse fracture. When the bone breaks in a horizontal line.
• Oblique fracture. When the bone has a diagonal or angled break.
• Comminuted fracture. This means the bone has been shattered into 3 or more pieces.
• Greenstick fracture. When the bone bends and cracks but does not fully break. This is commonly seen in children because their bones are softer and more flexible than adults.

A fracture may be further classified by whether or not the broken pieces of bone are aligned:

• Non-displaced fracture. When the broken parts of the bone are aligned.
• Displaced fracture. When the broken parts of the bone are not aligned.

In addition, a fracture may be labeled stable or unstable. These clinical terms refer to whether the bone pieces can be easily disturbed and moved out of place. When a fracture is labeled unstable, it means that the two pieces of bone that are broken will not be able to withstand normal weight-bearing or natural physiologic forces.

The type and severity of a fracture will influence the treatment plan.

In This Article:

• Bone Break vs. Fracture

• Signs, Symptoms, and Treatment for Bone Fractures

What Causes a Bone Fracture?

A bone fracture typically occurs for one of 3 reasons.

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A fracture can occur for more than one reason (for example, weakened bone and outside force).

Dr. Emmanuel Konstantakos is an orthopedic surgeon with MercyHealth Orthopedic Specialists, where he specializes in sports medicine, arthroscopic surgery, and general orthopedics. Dr. Konstantakos has authored numerous research articles published in academic journals.

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What to do if you break your arm? – useful articles from specialists

Neither adults nor children are immune from bruises, abrasions, dislocations and even fractures. The causes of injury can be excessive physical exertion, an accidental fall, a blow with a heavy object, an accident, and so on. If trouble has happened to you or your loved ones, there is a suspicion of a fracture, the first step is to determine the severity of the injury. You can’t do without the help of the medical staff. Any self-diagnosis is fraught with serious consequences.

Depending on the type of damage to the hand, there are two types of fracture:

• Open – there is a rupture of tissues, skin, there is bleeding.
• Closed – no bleeding, the skin remains intact.

When the integrity of one bone is broken, we are dealing with an isolated fracture. If there is a fracture of several bones, then we are talking about a multiple fracture.

Depending on the complexity of the injury, the absence or presence of displacement, the signs of a fracture of the hand may vary significantly. However, the presence of a fracture can be determined by specific signs.

Among its main clinical manifestations are:

• severe pain;
• hemorrhage;
• swelling, edema at the site of injury;
• crunching of bone fragments;
• deformation of the injured area;
• excessive mobility of the injured part of the arm or inability to move it;
• fever;
• pale skin;
• nausea, dizziness;
• coldness of the extremity.

If you have the above symptoms, be sure to call an ambulance or go to the nearest emergency room. An x-ray will help clarify the diagnosis. Having studied the picture, the doctor will be able to determine the nature of the injury, the presence of bone fragments, the integrity of the joint.

What should I do if I break my arm?

When an injury is accompanied by bleeding, first aid is needed on the spot. Any delay can lead to terrible results. Therefore, first of all, you should stop the bleeding, and then deal with the fracture. How to do it? Wash the wound with hydrogen peroxide, apply a gauze bandage to the damaged surface. In the presence of severe bleeding, it is imperative to apply a tourniquet (in winter for half an hour, in summer for 2 hours). Important to know: if the blood is brightly colored and flows out intensively, you are dealing with an injury to the arterial vessels. The tourniquet must be applied above the fracture. In the event that the blood is thick and dark, you have a vein injury. A tourniquet is applied below the injured area.

If there is a suspicion of a dislocation, in no case should you try to set it yourself. Such work can only be entrusted to an experienced doctor.

If you decide to transport the victim to the nearest hospital, be sure to follow the rules for transporting a broken limb. We are talking about the correct fixation of the hand, with the help of sticks, fabric, cardboard – everything that can play the role of a tire.

Don’t forget to remove bracelets and rings from your arm, because jewelry interferes with natural circulation, and after swelling of the limbs, they will have to be removed using special tools.

Never do this if someone has a broken arm:

• Do not try to return the injured limb to its normal position.
• Do not transport an injured person without securing the injured arm.
• Do not try to get painkillers to drink or ointments to be applied to the bruised area. A sedative can be given when the victim is in a state of stress, shock.
• Do not splint unless you have an idea of ​​how to do it correctly. Better call an ambulance.
• Don’t be idle! Even in the presence of a slight swelling of the tissues, an x-ray should be taken and a full consultation with a traumatologist should be obtained.

Violating such prohibitions, you run the risk of significantly worsening the condition of the victim.

And most importantly, forget about any self-treatment. Practice shows that the slightest deformation, minimal displacement entails shortening of the arm and other complications.

The subsequent treatment and recovery depend on how professionally first aid is provided for a fractured limb.

How to recognize a broken arm and what to do next

Likbez

Health

May 13, 2021

In a few weeks, the injury will be gone if you take care of yourself.

You can listen to the article. If it’s more convenient for you, turn on the podcast.

What is an arm fracture

An arm fracture is a crack or fracture in any of the three bones that make up the upper limb: the humerus, radius, or ulna.

Image: solar22/Shutterstock

This is a common injury that most often occurs when falling onto an outstretched arm. In most cases, the bone can be successfully restored with a cast or splint. But there are also more serious situations that require surgical intervention.

At the slightest suspicion of a fracture, you should immediately go to the nearest emergency room or emergency room. Don’t waste time. It is important.

How to tell if it’s a broken arm

The arm usually breaks with a characteristic click or crack. Such a soundtrack may be the first sign of a fracture. But there will definitely be others:

• Severe pain, which becomes more noticeable when moving. Because of this, a person cannot use his hand.
• Numbness of the limb.
• Restricted mobility. If you place your hand palm up, it will not be possible to turn it palm down in a normal twisting motion.
• Noticeable swelling in the area of ​​the alleged fracture. Puffiness may not occur immediately, but increase over several hours.
• Bruises, subcutaneous hemorrhages.
• Visible hand deformity. For example, it may be curved in an unnatural way.

To suspect a fracture, it is enough that one or two symptoms occur immediately after a blow or fall.

Why you need to seek help as soon as possible

Fractures heal well if treated as soon as possible. But if you decide to play for time, serious complications can develop. Including deadly ones.

• Stopping bone growth in children. In childhood, the limbs are still lengthened. This happens due to the growth zones, which are located along the edges of each bone. If the fracture has affected this particular area, the lengthening may stop. And this will lead to the fact that by adulthood one arm will become shorter than the other.
• Osteoarthritis. Fractures that affect the joint, years later, can lead to its inflammation – arthritis.
• Stiffness of movement. Incorrectly fused bone often leads to limited mobility of the hand.
• Bone infection. With an open fracture, when the bone breaks through the skin and comes out, it can be attacked by microbes that can cause infection. This is dangerous because it can lead to bone destruction and blood poisoning.
• Damage to nerves or blood vessels. If sharp fragments form on the bone during an injury (this is the so-called comminuted fracture), they can break nearby blood vessels or nerve endings. This can be seen by numbness, swelling and the appearance of hematomas. If you do not quickly see a doctor, the hand may permanently lose mobility.
• Compartmental syndrome. Due to excessive swelling, blood circulation in the arm can also stop. That is, tissues, including muscle and bone, will begin to die. Compartment syndrome usually appears 1–2 days after injury. The beginning of the process can be seen by pain and severe numbness in the affected arm. This disorder is a medical emergency and requires the immediate attention of a surgeon.

How to treat a broken arm

First, you will have an x-ray to find out what condition the bone is in.

If the fracture is confirmed, the surgeon will place a cast or splint on the affected limb. This is important to give the bones a chance to recover. To reduce pain, your doctor will suggest you an analgesic drug and muscle relaxant drugs that relieve muscle spasm.

If the swelling is very large, the arm will be covered with a temporary bandage. A plaster will be applied after a few days, when the swelling subsides.