What are the common digestive issues following gallbladder removal. How can patients manage post-surgery complications. What dietary changes might be necessary after gallbladder surgery. When should patients seek medical attention for post-operative symptoms.

Understanding the Gallbladder and Its Function

The gallbladder is a small, pear-shaped organ that plays a crucial role in our digestive system. Located beneath the liver, its primary function is to store and regulate the flow of bile, a substance that aids in the breakdown of fats in our diet. When we consume food, particularly fatty meals, the gallbladder contracts and releases bile into the small intestine through a network of tubes called bile ducts.

Why might someone need gallbladder surgery? The most common reason is the presence of gallstones. These hard deposits form when substances in bile, such as cholesterol, bile salts, and bilirubin, accumulate and solidify. Gallstones can cause severe pain and other complications, often necessitating surgical intervention.

Other Conditions That May Require Gallbladder Removal

• Common bile duct stones
• Gallbladder cancer (rare but serious)
• Cholecystitis (inflammation of the gallbladder)
• Perforated gallbladder
• Common bile duct infection
• Chronic gallbladder disease

It’s important to note that while the gallbladder serves a purpose, it’s not essential for survival. The human body can adapt to function without this organ, as the liver can directly transport bile to the small intestine through common bile ducts.

Common Side Effects After Gallbladder Removal

While many patients experience minimal complications following gallbladder surgery, some individuals may encounter digestive issues and other side effects. Understanding these potential problems can help patients better prepare for their recovery and know when to seek medical attention.

Digestive Difficulties

One of the most frequently reported issues after gallbladder removal is difficulty digesting fats. This typically manifests as discomfort or indigestion after consuming fatty foods. Why does this occur? Without the gallbladder to regulate bile release, the body may struggle to process high-fat meals efficiently. Fortunately, this side effect is often temporary, lasting about a month post-surgery as the body adjusts to its new digestive process.

Changes in Bowel Habits

Alterations in bowel movements are common following gallbladder surgery. Some patients may experience diarrhea, while others might face constipation. What causes these contrasting issues?

• Diarrhea: Up to 20% of patients in the United States report experiencing diarrhea after gallbladder removal. This occurs as the liver adapts to its new role of continuous bile production and release. In most cases, this symptom is temporary and resolves on its own.
• Constipation: Conversely, some individuals may struggle with constipation post-surgery. This is often attributed to pain medications prescribed during recovery and typically subsides as medication use decreases.

When should you be concerned about these bowel changes? If diarrhea persists for more than three days or is accompanied by severe abdominal pain and urgency, it’s crucial to consult your doctor. Similarly, prolonged constipation that doesn’t respond to dietary changes may require medical attention.

Rare but Serious Complications

While uncommon, some patients may experience more severe complications after gallbladder surgery. These include:

• Retained stones: Occasionally, a gallstone may remain in the bile duct even after surgery. This can lead to symptoms such as fever, nausea, vomiting, jaundice, and abdominal pain.
• Intestinal injury: In rare cases, the intestines may be damaged during the surgical procedure.

It’s imperative to seek immediate medical attention if you suspect either of these complications, as they require prompt treatment to prevent further health issues.

Managing Post-Gallbladder Surgery Side Effects

While it’s essential to consult with your healthcare provider about any persistent symptoms, there are several strategies patients can employ to manage common side effects after gallbladder removal.

Dietary Adjustments

How can you adapt your diet to minimize digestive discomfort after gallbladder surgery? Consider the following recommendations:

• Adopt a low-fat diet for the first month post-surgery to ease the burden on your digestive system.
• Gradually reintroduce fats into your diet, paying attention to how your body responds.
• Increase fiber intake to help regulate bowel movements and prevent constipation.
• Stay well-hydrated by drinking plenty of water throughout the day.

These dietary modifications can significantly alleviate digestive issues and support your body’s adaptation to functioning without a gallbladder.

Medication and Supplements

In some cases, your doctor may recommend medications or supplements to manage persistent symptoms. For chronic diarrhea, bile acid-binding agents may be prescribed to help normalize bowel function. Additionally, over-the-counter fiber supplements can be beneficial for those struggling with constipation.

Long-Term Outlook After Gallbladder Removal

What can patients expect in the months and years following gallbladder surgery? For most individuals, the long-term prognosis is excellent. The body typically adapts well to the absence of the gallbladder, and many people report a significant improvement in their overall quality of life, particularly if they were suffering from chronic gallbladder issues prior to surgery.

However, a small percentage of patients may experience ongoing digestive issues. These individuals might benefit from long-term dietary modifications or continued medical management. It’s important to maintain open communication with your healthcare provider and report any persistent symptoms or concerns.

Preventive Measures and Lifestyle Changes

While gallbladder removal addresses the immediate problem, it’s crucial to adopt lifestyle changes that promote overall digestive health and prevent future issues. What steps can you take to maintain optimal digestive function post-surgery?

• Maintain a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.
• Stay physically active to support healthy digestion and weight management.
• Avoid rapid weight loss or gain, as drastic changes in body weight can impact digestive function.
• Consider keeping a food diary to identify any trigger foods that may cause discomfort.
• Practice stress-reduction techniques, as stress can exacerbate digestive issues.

By implementing these lifestyle changes, patients can significantly improve their digestive health and reduce the likelihood of experiencing complications after gallbladder removal.

The Role of Follow-Up Care

Regular follow-up appointments with your healthcare provider are crucial in the months following gallbladder surgery. These check-ups allow your doctor to monitor your recovery, address any ongoing symptoms, and make necessary adjustments to your treatment plan.

During these visits, be prepared to discuss:

• Any persistent digestive symptoms or discomfort
• Changes in your bowel habits
• Your current diet and any difficulties you’re experiencing with certain foods
• Any medications or supplements you’re taking
• Your overall quality of life and ability to return to normal activities

Open and honest communication with your healthcare team is essential for ensuring the best possible outcome after gallbladder surgery.

Advances in Gallbladder Surgery and Recovery

Medical science continues to evolve, bringing new techniques and technologies to improve gallbladder surgery and post-operative care. What are some of the recent advancements in this field?

• Minimally invasive laparoscopic procedures: These surgeries result in smaller incisions, reduced pain, and faster recovery times for many patients.
• Enhanced recovery protocols: Hospitals are implementing comprehensive care plans that focus on early mobilization, pain management, and nutrition to speed up recovery and reduce complications.
• Improved diagnostic tools: Advanced imaging techniques allow for more accurate diagnosis of gallbladder issues and better surgical planning.
• Personalized treatment approaches: Healthcare providers are increasingly tailoring post-operative care plans to individual patient needs, considering factors such as age, overall health, and lifestyle.

These advancements have significantly improved outcomes for patients undergoing gallbladder surgery, reducing the risk of complications and enhancing the overall recovery experience.

Understanding the Broader Impact of Gallbladder Removal

While the primary focus of gallbladder surgery is to address immediate health concerns, it’s important to consider the broader impact this procedure can have on a patient’s life. How does gallbladder removal affect other aspects of health and well-being?

Psychological and Emotional Considerations

Undergoing any surgical procedure can be emotionally challenging. Some patients may experience anxiety about the surgery itself or concerns about potential lifestyle changes afterward. It’s not uncommon for individuals to feel a sense of loss or worry about how their body will function without the gallbladder.

To address these concerns:

• Seek support from family, friends, or support groups for individuals who have undergone gallbladder surgery.
• Communicate openly with your healthcare provider about any fears or anxieties.
• Consider speaking with a mental health professional if you’re struggling to cope with the changes.

Impact on Other Health Conditions

Gallbladder removal can sometimes influence other health conditions or require adjustments to existing treatment plans. For example:

• Patients with diabetes may need to monitor their blood sugar levels more closely after surgery, as changes in diet and digestion can affect glucose control.
• Individuals with heart conditions might need to adjust their medications, particularly if they were previously taking medications that interacted with their gallbladder function.
• Those with gastrointestinal disorders like irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) may experience changes in their symptoms following gallbladder removal.

It’s crucial to inform all your healthcare providers about your gallbladder surgery to ensure comprehensive care and appropriate management of any co-existing conditions.

Long-term Nutritional Considerations

While most people adapt well to life without a gallbladder, some individuals may need to pay closer attention to their nutritional intake in the long term. What dietary considerations should be kept in mind?

• Fat-soluble vitamin absorption: The gallbladder plays a role in the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, and K). Some patients may need to monitor their levels of these vitamins and consider supplements if necessary.
• Calcium absorption: Changes in bile flow can potentially affect calcium absorption. Ensuring adequate calcium intake through diet or supplements may be important, especially for those at risk of osteoporosis.
• Omega-3 fatty acids: These beneficial fats are important for heart and brain health. Patients may need to be mindful of incorporating sources of omega-3s into their diet, such as fatty fish, flaxseeds, or supplements.

Working with a registered dietitian can be helpful in developing a long-term nutritional plan that addresses these considerations while meeting individual health needs and preferences.

The Future of Gallbladder Health and Treatment

As medical research continues to advance, what does the future hold for gallbladder health and treatment? Several exciting developments are on the horizon:

Preventive Strategies

Researchers are exploring ways to prevent gallbladder issues before they require surgical intervention. This includes:

• Identifying genetic markers that may predispose individuals to gallbladder problems, allowing for early interventions.
• Developing medications that can effectively dissolve gallstones, potentially avoiding the need for surgery in some cases.
• Investigating the role of the microbiome in gallbladder health and exploring probiotic therapies to maintain optimal gallbladder function.

Alternative Treatments

While gallbladder removal remains the gold standard for treating many gallbladder issues, scientists are exploring alternative approaches:

• Non-surgical gallstone removal techniques, such as advanced endoscopic procedures.
• Targeted therapies to address specific gallbladder dysfunctions without necessitating organ removal.
• Regenerative medicine approaches to repair damaged gallbladder tissue.

Improved Post-Surgical Care

Advancements in post-operative care are likely to continue, focusing on:

• Personalized nutrition plans based on genetic profiling and individual digestive patterns.
• Development of more effective medications to manage post-surgical digestive symptoms.
• Integration of telemedicine and remote monitoring technologies to provide ongoing support and early intervention for post-surgical complications.

These future developments hold promise for improving both the prevention and treatment of gallbladder issues, potentially reducing the need for surgical intervention and enhancing outcomes for those who do require surgery.

As we look to the future of gallbladder health, it’s clear that a multidisciplinary approach involving surgeons, gastroenterologists, nutritionists, and researchers will be key to advancing care and improving patient outcomes. Patients who have undergone gallbladder removal or are considering the procedure can take heart in knowing that ongoing research and medical advancements continue to enhance our understanding and management of digestive health.

In conclusion, while gallbladder removal can present challenges, most patients experience significant relief from their pre-surgical symptoms and go on to lead healthy, active lives. By staying informed, maintaining open communication with healthcare providers, and adopting a proactive approach to post-surgical care, individuals can navigate the journey of gallbladder removal with confidence and optimize their digestive health for years to come.

Digestive Problems After Gallbladder Surgery

Any type of surgery, no matter how small, comes with risk factors and side effects post-operation. Most patients with typical gallbladder operations usually have little to no side effects, but in some patients, digestive problems and other medical issues can occur. 

The gallbladder is a pear-shaped organ that is part of the digestive system and located under the liver. Its job is to regulate the flow of bile. Bile helps break down food, so when it’s needed, the gallbladder pushes the right amount of bile through tubes called bile ducts to the small intestine. 

Gallstones are the most common reason for gallbladder removal surgery. Gallstones form when substances within bile build up and harden. This includes bile salts, cholesterol, and bilirubin. Having gallstones is quite painful, and surgery is often needed. There are other diseases of the gallbladder as well, however. These include:

• Common bile duct stones. These stones reside in the bile ducts, not the gallbladder itself. 
• Gallbladder cancer. This is a very rare disease that affects less than 4,000 people in the United States every year. However, it is a serious disease, as gallbladder cancer can metastasize. 
• Cholecystitis (inflammation of the gallbladder). This happens when a gallstone is blocking the bile duct, and bile can’t pass through. 
• Perforated gallbladder. Treating gallstones is extremely important—if they are left untreated, it can lead to perforations in the gallbladder. Its contents may spread to other parts of the body, causing infection.
• Common bile duct infection. A bile duct infection is extremely serious, however, if it is caught early, it is easily treatable. 
• Chronic gallbladder disease. Constant inflammation (cholecystitis) can lead to scarring of the gallbladder.

However, your body still has the capability to live without your gallbladder. The liver can transport the bile through the common bile ducts without using the gallbladder as a middleman. Because your body can live without this organ, most patients do not experience significant side effects after surgery; however, some do.

Gallbladder Removal Side Effects

Some gallbladder removal side effects may be severe and some may be mild. It’s important to let your gastroenterologist know if you experience any type of side effects after you’re surgery. While side effects are rare, some of the most common gallbladder problems after surgery include:

• Trouble digesting fats. For a month or so after your operation, you may have difficulty digesting fatty foods. 
• Temporary or chronic diarrhea. Because the liver now has to adapt to its new role, patients may experience diarrhea after gallbladder surgery. This temporary diarrhea typically passes on its own and no treatment is necessary. It’s estimated that up to 20 percent of patients in the United States have diarrhea after surgery. However, if you have diarrhea for three days or more after your operation, let your doctor know immediately. Chronic diarrhea may also be coupled with abdominal pain and an urgent need to make a bowel movement. 
• Temporary constipation. In contrast, some patients experience constipation after gallbladder removal surgery. Like temporary diarrhea, this usually goes away on its own.
• Retained stone. It is possible for a gallstone to remain, even after surgery. This can cause fever, nausea and vomiting, jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes), and abdominal pain.
• Intestinal injury. While very rare, the intestines can be damaged after gallbladder removal surgery. 

If you’re experiencing any type of digestive distress after your gallbladder operation, let your physician know right away. 

How to Manage These Side Effects 

Note: This is for information purposes only and is not medical advice. 

As previously stated, you should let your Gi doctor know immediately if you’re experiencing symptoms, particularly if you suspect a retained stone or an intestinal injury. However, other side effects can be managed with some lifestyle changes. 

If you have symptoms of:

Trouble Digesting Fats

If you’re struggling when you eat fatty foods, the best thing to do is to follow a low-fat diet for roughly a month after your operation.

Temporary or Chronic Diarrhea 

If you experience diarrhea for more than three days, remember to let your gastroenterologist know. Temporary diarrhea will subside quickly, and often, no treatment is needed. For chronic diarrhea, your doctor may suggest adhering to a low-fat diet, and they may prescribe medication, which will bind the excess bile acids. 

Temporary Constipation

Constipation is often connected with the pain medications prescribed post-surgery, and this is also why it’s usually temporary. Eating a diet rich in fiber and drinking plenty of water can help prevent constipation. Your doctor may prescribe a stool softener or other medication to help you have a bowel movement.

Retained Stone

If you think you may still have a gallstone, let your physician know. You may require an additional procedure in order to remove it. 

Intestinal Injury

This is the most serious complication from gallbladder removal surgery but also the rarest. However, this side effect requires immediate medical attention if you believe you have an internal injury. 

When to See a Gastroenterologist 

Generally speaking, it’s important to let your gastroenterologist know of any symptoms you have after gallbladder removal surgery. Most cases of constipation and diarrhea will go away on their own, but you can still consult your doctor to see what their suggestions are. 

Chronic diarrhea requires medical attention, and a retained stone and intestinal injury require medical care as well. If you think you may have an intestinal injury, it’s wise to go to the emergency room to be evaluated. 

Even if you feel as if your symptoms are minor, your gastroenterologist needs to make a firm diagnosis to rule out more serious problems. If you don’t require medicine or medical treatment, your doctor can give you suggestions on how to manage your symptoms.  

Scheduling a Consultation

Contact us today at one of our Care Centers for comprehensive and quality care and treatment for digestive problems after gallbladder removal surgery and all other types of GI disorders. Our team of board-certified gastroenterologists, pathologists, anesthesiologists, nurse practitioners, and physician assistants will assist in your care and provide you with the best possible treatment. 

Digestive Problems after Gallbladder Removal

Gallbladder surgery can cure gallstones and help relieve pain, but this procedure is not without risks. In addition to the more immediate post-surgical risks of bleeding, fever, and infection, having digestive problems is a potential risk after gallbladder surgery.

Gallbladder Removal Side Effects: Your Gallbladder and Digestion

A small, pear-shaped organ located under your liver, your gallbladder stores the bile that your liver produces. When your body needs it, the gallbladder squeezes the bile through tubes called bile ducts into your small intestine. Bile helps break down fats from meals.

But sometimes, the substances that comprise bile, including cholesterol, bile salts, and bilirubin, can build up too much and harden into gallstones. This is the most common reason for gallbladder removal.

However, your gallbladder is one organ you can live without, since an adequate amount of bile can flow out of your liver and through your bile ducts to the intestine without having to enter the gallbladder first. So most people do not have any problems eating or digesting food after having gallbladder removal surgery. But sometimes problems occur, and some gallbladder removal side effects can affect the way you eat and digest foods.

Gallbladder Removal Side Effects: Digestive Complications

While it is not the norm to experience digestive problems after gallbladder surgery, they can include:

• Difficulty digesting fatty foods. Some people have a slightly more difficult time digesting fatty foods for the first month after surgery. Eating a low-fat diet may help.
• Temporary diarrhea. Because your gallbladder is no longer there to regulate the flow of bile, it will flow more constantly, but in smaller amounts, into your small intestine. This can lead to diarrhea for the first few days after surgery in many people. This side effect is most often temporary, and no treatment is needed. But if you have diarrhea that lasts for more than three days, call your doctor.
• Chronic diarrhea. Some people who did not previously have more than one bowel movement per day will find themselves having more frequent bowel movements after gallbladder removal. These can sometimes be loose and watery, and be accompanied by a sense of urgency. Recent studies have found that this can occur in up to 17 percent of people after gallbladder removal. Men younger than age 50, especially if they are obese, have the highest likelihood of long-term diarrhea after gallbladder surgery, but a significant number of people without those risk factors may also have diarrhea for months to years after surgery. Eating a low-fat diet may help lessen symptoms, and treatments with medications which bind the excess bile acids — which are thought to be the cause of this bothersome symptom — often alleviate the problem.
• Temporary constipation. Some people become constipated from the pain medications they take after gallbladder surgery. Eating a diet that is rich in fiber — beans, bran, whole grains, fruit, and vegetables — can help prevent and perhaps relieve constipation. Your surgeon may prescribe a stool softener to help you.
• Retained stone in a bile duct. In some cases, a gallstone will remain in your common bile duct after gallbladder surgery. This can block the flow of bile into your small intestine and result in pain, fever, nausea, vomiting, bloating, and jaundice soon after surgery. You may need an additional procedure to remove gallstones that are retained in your common bile duct.
• Intestinal injury. Although it is rare, the instruments used during your gallbladder surgery could damage your intestines. Your doctor will take measures to minimize the risk of this complication during the surgery. If it occurs, you might experience abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and fever. Any post-surgical symptoms like this require immediate medical attention.

It is important to call your doctor immediately if you are having digestive problems after gallbladder surgery, as they may be signs of serious complications. Even if he determines your symptoms do not require medical care, your doctor may be able to make suggestions to help you manage them.

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Constipation after removal of the gallbladder

Constipation after gallbladder removal
Constipation after gallbladder removal | Fitomucil Norm
Constipation after removal of the gallbladder is a common occurrence. The causes and symptoms, as well as the main methods of treating constipation after removal of the gallbladder, are considered in the article. Phytomucil Norm.
Phytomucil Norm

The gallbladder is a kind of reservoir, which is located in the right iliac region. The organ is needed for the accumulation of bile produced by the liver. The bubble accumulates it, thickens, displays it into the lumen of the duodenum when food enters. Bile not only dissolves fats, but also acts as a cleansing medium, where hormones are utilized, toxins and poisons are neutralized, and the action of pathogenic microorganisms is reduced.

Participation in the processes of digestion determines the important role of this organ. Therefore, constipation after removal of the gallbladder is a frequent occurrence. They may be part of a whole complex of symptoms, the so-called postcholecystectomy syndrome (PCS).

The human digestive system can work without a gallbladder, since bile is present in small amounts in the ducts, and also enters directly into the duodenum as it is produced by the liver. However, in the absence of a “reservoir”, the processes can be mismatched. There are several mechanisms for the development of constipation after cholecystectomy, we will talk more about this later.

Causes of constipation after surgery

Researchers consider constipation as part of a whole symptom complex after removal. So, doctors Laptev V.V., Tskaev A.Yu., Givirovskaya N.E. and others in a scientific work define PCES as follows:

“This is a syndrome of functional restructuring of the biliary system after surgery. It includes dysmotility of the sphincter of Oddi and impaired motor function of the duodenum”

Laptev V. V., Tskaev A. Yu., Givirovskaya N. E., Ovchinnikov S. V., Mortazavi M. K., 2009, p. 357

Any surgical intervention in the abdominal cavity is in itself a serious risk factor for intestinal disorders. This is due to a local inflammatory reaction, as well as a change in diet, preoperative preparation, and bed rest. There are several mechanisms of stool retention after the intervention:

• Weakening of intestinal motility – the contents move more slowly, stagnation occurs, and therefore there is no regular stool.
• Changes in diet. Before a planned operation, the doctor prescribes hunger and measures to cleanse the intestines (taking osmotic laxatives, cleansing enemas). After the intervention, the diet is very sparing, the volumes of food are small, preference is given to liquid, pureed dishes. This leads to changes in the processes of digestion.
• Medications – constipation after gallbladder removal may be associated with the use of analgesics, antispasmodics, prophylactic antibiotics and other agents, as well as cleansing in preparation for surgery.
• Changes in the acidity of gastric juice. The process is associated with a number of factors, including a violation of the flow of bile, a change in diet, and medication.
• Bed rest. Lack of movement aggravates intestinal motility disorders and smooth muscle dystonia.

When bile does not cope with one of its functions – the neutralization of toxins and opportunistic flora – dysbacteriosis can occur. The situation is aggravated by antibiotic therapy, which is necessary for the prevention of infectious complications after the intervention. This is another risk factor for constipation.

One of the important mechanisms for the development of disorders is that certain diseases usually lead to the removal of the gallbladder. That is, in many cases, constipation was observed even before the operation due to some reasons: inflammation of the gallbladder, gastric mucosa, formation of gallstones, etc. The intervention forces the digestive organs to adapt to new working conditions, but the causes of constipation are partly preserved.

How to treat constipation after cholecystectomy

In patients who experienced unpleasant symptoms even at the stage of planning gallbladder removal, improvement occurs within a few weeks after the intervention. This is evidenced by a number of studies, for example, the doctor Yu. A. Kucheryavy notes in his scientific work:

“monitoring of these patients at 6, 12 weeks and 2 years after gallbladder removal showed that surgical treatment improves the quality of life of patients – the mean score increased significantly 6 weeks after surgery, the picture persisted after 3 months”

Kucheryavy Yu. A., No. 6, p. 42

Constipation during removal of the gallbladder is often observed in the immediate postoperative period. Then comes the improvement in well-being and gastrointestinal function. And if we are talking about the manifestation of signs of PCES, then they can manifest themselves only two years after the intervention. It is worth noting that the presence of symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome before surgery is a risk factor for aggravation of the disorder after it.

It is important to understand that there is no single recipe for getting rid of the consequences. This is due to the fact that the removal of the gallbladder leads to a combination of a large number of functional disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. It is important to find out the nature of the violations, to assess the general condition of the digestive system. So, when slowing down motor skills, antispasmodics are not recommended, and pain relief is carried out using another group of drugs. And when dysbacteriosis is detected, probiotic bacteria are connected to the course of treatment.

Diet is paramount. After the operation, the doctor will give detailed recommendations on how to eat properly to prevent disorders. Also, as you recover, physical exercises may be shown, but you should coordinate all types of activity with your doctor. You need to find out when you can return to the previous range of motion, which exercises will have to be avoided, and which ones should be preferred.

What to do with constipation immediately after removal of the gallbladder, the specialist will tell. Staying under his supervision for the first time allows you to evaluate the function of the intestine – the doctor will definitely ask questions about whether there was a stool, whether the process of gas discharge was disturbed. And if in a hospital they offer to deal with this problem with a cleansing enema, then laxatives may be recommended in the late postoperative period.

Usually, specialists prefer to prescribe drugs without a stimulating effect, not addictive. Mild stimulation of intestinal motility is possible with the help of laxatives that increase the volume of intestinal contents and soften the stool. Such a drug is Fitomucil Norm. It contains dietary fiber – the shell of the psyllium seeds and the pulp of the fruit of the house plum. The fibers stimulate intestinal peristalsis, absorb water, softening the feces and turning into a mucous gel, which contributes to natural emptying. The tool normalizes the stool and acts predictably, does not cause cramps and pain, profuse diarrhea and other consequences.

In the treatment of constipation after removal of the gallbladder, it is important not to resort to cleansing enemas frequently, as this can exacerbate the problem of dysbacteriosis due to the washing out of bacteria from the mucous membranes. Be sure to consult with your doctor to find the right safe remedy.

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Diet specifics

Restoring normal bile production processes is possible with a strict diet. A balanced diet and daily routine will help to avoid possible complications. On the first day after the operation, complete fasting is recommended. From the second day, the doctor will allow you to use light drinks, rosehip broth. Then sour-milk food, broths, etc. are introduced. Usually a new dish is added to the diet every two days.

There are several basic rules for nutrition in the recovery period:

• small meals and 5-6 meals per day;
• warm food and drinks only – foods that are too cold or hot can irritate the digestive tract;
• taking a sufficient amount of liquid – at least 1.5-2 liters per day;
• refusal of fatty, spicy foods, marinades and pickles, smoked meats;
• the right choice of cooking methods – stewing, baking, boiling;
• Refusal of soda, alcohol, fresh bread, pastries and confectionery.

Table No. 5 according to Pevzner can be taken as a basis. Even strict adherence to the diet may not completely cope with the problem, but following the doctor’s recommendations is very important. It is eating disorders that become a frequent cause of complications.

Allowed foods

Treatment of constipation after gallbladder removal begins with diet. The list of allowed products includes:

• vegetable broths;
• lean meats;
• lean fish and seafood;
• butter;
• cereals;
• fermented milk products;
• mild and unsalted cheese;
• non-acid fruits, cooked vegetables;
• eggs in the form of steam omelettes;
• small quantities of dry flour products, such as biscuits;
• rosehip decoction, weak tea;
• from sweet – jelly, dried fruits, jam, a little honey.

It is better to avoid high fiber foods and spicy vegetables (radishes, horseradish, garlic, celery, etc.).

To prevent constipation after gallbladder removal, it is important to follow the physical activity prescribed by your doctor. As soon as exercise is allowed, it is necessary to start it carefully, as well as walk more. Hiking has a general strengthening effect, helps to restore normal blood supply to tissues and oxygen metabolism, improves the function of the liver and ducts. It is important to gradually increase the load, not to overload the abdominal muscles. Exercises such as pulling the knees to the chest in the prone position, lifting the knees while standing can complete the exercises.

It is important to consult your doctor about constipation after gallbladder removal. There may be certain limitations, and only a specialist will tell you how to deal with the problem.
The article is for informational purposes only. The authors are not responsible for the quality of services provided by third parties and for possible complications.

References

• Laptev V. V., Tskaev A. Yu., Givirovskaya N. E., Ovchinnikov S. V., Mortazavi M. K. Methods of diagnosis and treatment of patients with postcholecystectomy syndrome // Regular issues of breast cancer . — 2009. – No. 5. — S. 357.
• Makhov V. M., Gapeeva M. B. Dyskinetic syndrome in the pathology of the biliary tract // Regular issues of breast cancer. – 2011. – No. 17. – S. 1080.
• Yu. A. Kucheryavy. Condition after cholecystectomy: the view of a gastroenterologist // Medical Council. – 2013. – No. 6. — S. 39−44.
• Osipenko MF, Litvinova NV, Voloshina NB, Frolov Ya. A. Long-term dynamics of gastrointestinal symptoms after cholecystectomy // Clinical Medicine. – 2013. – No. 5. – p. 49−52.

Laptev V. V., Tskaev A. Yu., Givirovskaya N. E., Ovchinnikov S. V., Mortazavi M. K. Diagnostic methods and treatment of patients with postcholecystectomy syndrome. – 2009. – No. 5. — P. 357.
Makhov V. M., Gapeeva M. B. Dyskinetic syndrome in the pathology of the biliary tract // Regular issues of breast cancer. – 2011. – No. 17. — P. 1080.
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what to do, treatment of problems after surgery

Contents

• Causes of constipation after cholecystectomy
• Doctors’ recommendations for treatment
• Prevention of constipation after surgery
• Rehabilitation regimen after abdominal cholecystectomy
• Recovery after laparoscopy
• Recommendations after recovery from anesthesia
• Medical treatment
• Folk methods
• Diet to help avoid constipation
• Related videos

Constipation after removal of the gallbladder is a symptom that worries many patients even when all doctor’s recommendations are followed. The fact is that this organ plays a significant role in the processes of digestion, and after the operation, the body needs to rebuild and get used to the new regimen. Immediately after cholecystectomy (surgical intervention, during which the gallbladder is completely removed), doctors prescribe a sparing diet that will prevent bowel disorders. Then it will be possible to return to a normal way of life, for some time problems with a chair will be a normal phenomenon. To eliminate this symptom, a diet, mild laxatives or gentle herbal remedies are needed.

Causes of constipation after cholecystectomy

Constipation after gallbladder removal worries many patients both immediately after surgery and several months after it. The main reason for this is the increased load on the body during the intervention, the weakness of the intestinal walls, as well as changes in diet and physical activity.

Among the common causes of constipation are the following:

• weak intestinal peristalsis, due to which the food bolus does not move through its lumen;
• dietary changes required after gallbladder surgery;
• side effects after taking certain drugs, including painkillers;
• changes in the acidity of gastric juice, which depends on the food intake and other factors;
• lack of pure water and abundance of hard food difficult to digest;
• sedentary lifestyle.

Normally, the gallbladder (GB) is involved in the processes of digestion. Bile is produced in the liver and enters the cavity of the bladder, where it accumulates until the right moment. When food enters the stomach, the body receives a signal that bile must enter the intestines. The gallbladder contracts and fluid moves through the bile ducts into the duodenum. There it breaks down fats and complex substances into simple ones, stimulates intestinal motility and the promotion of food coma.

A removed gallbladder is a phenomenon to which the body can adapt without consequences. Bile in small quantities accumulates in the ducts, and also enters the intestines. Due to the disorganization of the digestive process, problems with the intestines may occur in the first stages after the operation. In addition, under the influence of drugs for anesthesia and toxic substances of bile, the natural intestinal microflora is destroyed, which may cause constipation.

Problems with bowel function occur in many patients after surgery, but over time, all its functions are restored

Physician’s recommendations for treatment

Peristalsis disorders in the postoperative period must be treated. First of all, the patient is prescribed a special diet with a predominance of foods that are easily digested. Also, you can’t spend the whole day lying down, you should do simple gymnastics and walk. If, following all these recommendations, the symptom does not go away, you can use medicines or herbal infusions. What to do if constipation appears after cholecystectomy, you can check with your doctor.

Prevention of constipation after surgery

Removal of the gallbladder is a mandatory intervention for a number of indications. It is prescribed to all patients with chronic expansion of the bladder, with cholelithiasis, acute cholecystitis and various anomalies in the structure of the organ. After the operation, the patient can gradually return to his usual lifestyle and diet, but at first he will have to follow a diet and take drugs to work the intestines.

The general principles of body recovery after cholecystectomy are as follows:

• for the first few days only liquid products, mashed potatoes and juices are allowed;
• solid food is included a few days after the intervention in small slices;
• fractional nutrition is mandatory, otherwise bile will constantly enter the intestine and injure its mucous membrane;
• physical activity must be strictly dosed: lifting weights is prohibited, but walking and light gymnastics are required.

In general, the rehabilitation period takes several months. During this time, the body fully adapts to the absence of one of the organs, and the outflow of bile is normalized. During this period, frequent constipation is possible, especially after the introduction of new solid foods or an increase in portions of food consumed. Decreased physical activity also affects the bowels and causes constipation.

Rehabilitation regimen after open cholecystectomy

Open gallbladder surgery is rare. Basically, the surgeon chooses this method if the organ has an atypical localization or there is a risk of rupture of its walls. After such an intervention, the patient will have to spend at least a week, during which time he will be under the constant supervision of doctors.

Proper nutrition according to the doctor’s recommendations is the main rule for the treatment of constipation.

The main cause of constipation in the postoperative period is adhesions in the abdominal cavity. They are formed during wound healing and can affect bowel function. To stop this symptom, doctors have several recommendations:

• spend more time in motion to prevent the formation of adhesions;
• consume fermented milk products, cereals and whole grain bread – they stimulate intestinal motility;
• mild laxatives are only to be taken with a doctor’s prescription.

An abdominal operation is a huge stress for the body. All internal organs are weakened after the intervention, and it is important to facilitate the recovery period with a diet. It is also forbidden to perform serious physical exertion, lift weights and strain the abdominal muscles.

Laparoscopy recovery

Laparoscopy is a minimally invasive technique that allows access to the abdominal organs with minimal damage to healthy tissue. The gallbladder can be removed through small openings in the abdominal wall. The recovery period in the hospital after such an intervention lasts several days, but you will have to follow a diet for several months, as with classical cholecystectomy.

Although the method is minimally invasive, it also affects the functioning of the intestines. The main cause of constipation is the unregulated flow of bile into the duodenum, the weakening of the muscular wall of the intestine and the imbalance of the natural microflora. The recommendations of doctors remain the same: you need to eat on a schedule, move a lot and consume a large amount of fermented milk products.

Recommendations after recovery from anesthesia

Regardless of which cholecystectomy technique the surgeon chooses, the operation is performed under anesthesia. Anesthesia drugs are toxic and affect all organs and systems. Digestive disorders after the introduction of the patient into anesthesia can be caused by two reasons:

• complete relaxation of the muscles, as a result of which intestinal motility slows down;
• intoxication of internal organs.

Recovery from anesthesia does not take long. In a few days, the body removes toxic products of drug processing, and all processes are resumed. To reduce the load on the gastrointestinal tract on the first day after surgery, a starvation diet is necessary. Liquid, and then solid food is added gradually.

Medical treatment

Medical treatment of constipation is necessary if the problem does not disappear even with the diet and all other recommendations. After removal of the gallbladder, mild laxatives or enemas are allowed. These drugs do not affect the cause of the problem, but they can clear the intestines of feces.

Excessive exercise is contraindicated, but walking is good for health and bowel function

Drugs that can be used to treat constipation in the postoperative period:

• Bisacodyl is a slow-acting agent, the main effect of its administration appears after 6 hours;
• Guttalax – a synthetic drug for stimulating the work of the intestines;
• Bekunis – herbal remedy based on cassia holly;
• Fortrans is an effective medicine that is recommended to be taken only in adulthood and in the absence of pathologies from the heart and blood vessels;
• Mycolax is one of the fastest acting agents, the effect is achieved in 5-15 minutes;
• various probiotics to normalize the composition of the natural intestinal microflora;
• enemas are an emergency method and are not recommended to be done more than once a week;
• suppositories based on glycerin and the active ingredient bisacodyl.

It must be understood that drugs have a short-term effect. Immediately after taking the medicine, the stool returns to normal, and the intestines work in the correct mode. It is not recommended to abuse laxatives, otherwise there is a risk of exacerbating the symptom and causing weakening of the intestinal walls. Enemas disrupt the composition of the normal intestinal microflora, so they should also not be done often.

Traditional methods

Before using traditional methods, you should ask your doctor which of them are the safest and most effective, whether they have contraindications and whether there are any chances of side effects. Basically, these are products that affect peristalsis and normalize bowel function:

• freshly squeezed beetroot juice in an amount of 500 ml is drunk in small portions throughout the day;
• potato juice also affects bowel function and should be taken on an empty stomach before every meal;
• prunes and other dried fruits;
• vegetable oils in a teaspoon on an empty stomach before meals;
• carrot or pumpkin juice;
• sena herb decoction.

After an operation to remove the gallbladder, you should not experiment with unknown traditional methods. More attention should be paid to proper nutrition and healthy food preparation.

Abuse of laxatives is not recommended

Diet to avoid constipation

For people who have had their gallbladder removed, a complete change in diet is recommended for a few months. In the first few days, solid food is contraindicated, the patient can only consume liquid, vegetable decoctions, tea and grated mashed potatoes. Then gradually include all products, with the exception of those that may adversely affect the functioning of the digestive tract. Liquid soups and cereals, vegetables and fruits will be useful.

The following foods should be avoided for several months after the intervention:

• fatty, fried foods, smoked meats;
• fresh bread and pastries;
• carbonated drinks and alcohol;
• cold products (ice cream).