What are ganglion cysts. How are they diagnosed. What treatment options are available. When is surgery necessary. How is ganglion cyst removal performed. What are the potential complications. How can ganglion cysts be prevented.

Understanding Ganglion Cysts: Causes and Characteristics

Ganglion cysts are noncancerous lumps that commonly develop along the tendons or joints of the wrists or hands. These fluid-filled sacs can vary in size, ranging from pea-sized to larger, more noticeable growths. While their exact cause remains unclear, they are often associated with joint or tendon irritation, injury, or overuse.

These cysts typically form when the tissue surrounding a joint or tendon bulges out of place, creating a small sac filled with a jelly-like fluid. This fluid is similar to the synovial fluid that lubricates joints and tendons. Ganglion cysts can occur in people of any age but are most common in women between 20 and 40 years old.

Common Locations for Ganglion Cysts

• Wrist (dorsal or volar)
• Hand and fingers
• Foot and ankle
• Knee

Can ganglion cysts appear suddenly? Indeed, these cysts can develop quickly, sometimes seemingly overnight. However, they can also grow slowly over time, making them less noticeable until they reach a significant size.

Diagnosing Ganglion Cysts: Clinical Examination and Imaging

Diagnosing a ganglion cyst typically begins with a thorough physical examination. Healthcare providers will assess the lump’s size, shape, and consistency. They may also apply pressure to determine if the cyst is painful or if it affects joint movement.

To confirm the diagnosis and rule out other conditions, imaging studies may be necessary. These can include:

1. X-rays: To check for bone abnormalities or arthritis
2. Ultrasound: To visualize the cyst’s internal structure and confirm it’s fluid-filled
3. MRI: For a detailed view of soft tissues, particularly useful for complex cases

Is aspiration used in diagnosis? In some cases, a doctor may use a needle to aspirate (remove) fluid from the cyst. This can serve both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, as it can provide temporary relief and allow for fluid analysis if necessary.

Conservative Management: Non-Surgical Approaches to Ganglion Cysts

Many ganglion cysts do not require immediate treatment, especially if they are small and asymptomatic. In fact, up to 58% of ganglion cysts may resolve on their own over time. However, when treatment is necessary, conservative approaches are often the first line of management.

Non-Surgical Treatment Options

• Observation: Monitoring the cyst for changes in size or symptoms
• Immobilization: Using splints or braces to limit joint movement and reduce irritation
• Aspiration: Draining the cyst fluid with a needle (may be combined with corticosteroid injection)
• Compression: Applying pressure to potentially cause the cyst to rupture and reabsorb

How effective is aspiration as a treatment? While aspiration can provide immediate relief, it’s important to note that the recurrence rate after this procedure can be as high as 50%. This is because aspiration doesn’t address the underlying cause of the cyst formation.

Surgical Intervention: When and How Ganglion Cysts Are Removed

While many ganglion cysts can be managed conservatively, surgical intervention may be necessary in certain cases. Surgery is typically considered when:

• The cyst causes persistent pain or interferes with joint function
• Conservative treatments have failed to provide relief
• The cyst’s appearance causes significant distress to the patient
• There’s a risk of nerve compression or other complications

The surgical procedure for removing a ganglion cyst is called ganglionectomy. This can be performed through open surgery or arthroscopically, depending on the cyst’s location and size.

Steps in Ganglionectomy

1. Anesthesia administration (local or general)
2. Incision over the cyst site
3. Careful dissection to expose the cyst
4. Removal of the entire cyst, including its stalk (crucial for preventing recurrence)
5. Closure of the incision

What is the success rate of surgical removal? Surgical excision of ganglion cysts has a high success rate, with recurrence rates typically ranging from 5% to 15%. However, the exact rate can vary depending on the cyst’s location and the surgical technique used.

Potential Complications and Recovery After Ganglion Cyst Surgery

While ganglion cyst removal is generally considered a safe procedure, as with any surgery, there are potential risks and complications to be aware of. These can include:

• Infection at the surgical site
• Scarring
• Stiffness or weakness in the affected joint
• Damage to nearby nerves or blood vessels
• Recurrence of the cyst

Recovery time can vary depending on the size and location of the cyst, as well as the individual patient’s healing capacity. Most patients can return to normal activities within 2-6 weeks after surgery, but full recovery may take several months.

Post-Surgical Care

Proper post-operative care is crucial for optimal healing and to minimize the risk of complications. This typically includes:

1. Keeping the surgical site clean and dry
2. Following wound care instructions provided by the surgeon
3. Elevating the affected limb to reduce swelling
4. Gradually increasing movement and activity as directed by the healthcare provider
5. Attending follow-up appointments to monitor healing progress

How long does it take for the surgical site to heal completely? While initial healing occurs within the first few weeks, complete healing and scar maturation can take up to a year. It’s important to protect the area from excessive strain during this time to ensure optimal results.

Preventing Ganglion Cyst Recurrence: Lifestyle and Occupational Factors

While it’s not always possible to prevent ganglion cysts from forming or recurring, certain measures may help reduce the risk:

• Avoiding repetitive wrist and hand movements
• Using proper ergonomics when working or engaging in activities
• Strengthening exercises for the affected joint and surrounding muscles
• Wearing protective gear during sports or activities that put stress on joints

For individuals in occupations that involve repetitive hand or wrist movements, such as data entry or assembly line work, taking regular breaks and using ergonomic equipment can be beneficial.

Can dietary changes help prevent ganglion cysts? While there’s no direct evidence linking diet to ganglion cyst formation, maintaining overall joint health through a balanced diet rich in anti-inflammatory foods may be beneficial. This includes foods high in omega-3 fatty acids, antioxidants, and vitamins C and D.

Alternative and Complementary Approaches to Ganglion Cyst Management

While scientific evidence is limited, some individuals seek alternative or complementary approaches to managing ganglion cysts. These methods should be approached with caution and discussed with a healthcare provider before implementation:

Alternative Treatments

• Acupuncture: Some claim it may help reduce pain and inflammation
• Herbal remedies: Certain herbs are purported to have anti-inflammatory properties
• Massage therapy: May help improve circulation and reduce stiffness around the cyst
• Essential oils: Some believe certain oils may have anti-inflammatory effects when applied topically

It’s important to note that these alternative treatments have not been scientifically proven to be effective for ganglion cysts. They should never replace conventional medical advice or treatment.

Are there any home remedies for ganglion cysts? While some advocate for traditional home remedies like “bible therapy” (hitting the cyst with a heavy book), these methods are not recommended by medical professionals due to the risk of injury and ineffectiveness in addressing the root cause of the cyst.

Future Directions in Ganglion Cyst Research and Treatment

As medical science advances, researchers continue to explore new ways to understand, diagnose, and treat ganglion cysts. Some areas of ongoing research and potential future developments include:

• Improved imaging techniques for more accurate diagnosis
• Development of minimally invasive treatment options
• Investigation into the genetic factors that may predispose individuals to ganglion cysts
• Exploration of biological therapies to prevent cyst formation or recurrence

One promising area of research involves the use of sclerosing agents. These substances, when injected into the cyst, may cause it to shrink and eventually disappear. While still in experimental stages, this approach could potentially offer a middle ground between conservative management and surgery.

What role might regenerative medicine play in ganglion cyst treatment? Regenerative medicine techniques, such as platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections, are being studied for various musculoskeletal conditions. While not yet proven for ganglion cysts, these approaches may offer new possibilities for promoting healing and preventing recurrence in the future.

As research progresses, it’s likely that our understanding of ganglion cysts will continue to evolve, potentially leading to more targeted and effective treatments. Patients are encouraged to stay informed about these developments and discuss any new treatment options with their healthcare providers.

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ganglienzyste an der hand des mannes. handhaltende computermaus – ganglion cyst stock-fotos und bilder

Ganglienzyste an der Hand des Mannes. Handhaltende Computermaus

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Ganglion Zyste auf Frau hand auf weißem Hintergrund

myxoid zyste – ganglion cyst stock-fotos und bilder

Myxoid Zyste

große zyste (hygroma), flüssigkeitsgefüllter klumpen, der mit einem gelenk, einem tumor oder schwellungen auf einem gelenk verbunden ist. – ganglion cyst stock-fotos und bilder

Große Zyste (Hygroma), flüssigkeitsgefüllter Klumpen, der mit…

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Ganglion Zyste auf Frau hand auf weißem Hintergrund

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Ganglionectomy

Ganglionektomie – Chirurgischer Eingriff

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ganglion zyste oder synovial zyste – ganglion cyst stock-grafiken, -clipart, -cartoons und -symbole

Ganglion Zyste oder synovial Zyste

Ganglienzyste, auch bekannt als Synovialzyste oder Gideon-Krankheit oder Bibelzyste oder Bibelbeule

karpaltunnelsyndrom ganglion zyste – ganglion cyst stock-fotos und bilder

Karpaltunnelsyndrom Ganglion Zyste

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Reparieren fishing net

Fisherman repariert das Fischernetz.

ganglienzyste des handgelenks und der hand. synovialzyste oder eine gideon-krankheit oder eine bibelzyste oder eine bibelbeule. – ganglion cyst stock-grafiken, -clipart, -cartoons und -symbole

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Ganglienzyste des Handgelenks und der Hand. Synovialzyste oder eine Gideon-Krankheit oder eine Bibelzyste oder eine Bibelbeule. Vektor-Illustration

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Ganglion Zyste auf Frau Hand auf weißem Hintergrund

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Reparatur der Fishing Net

medizinische vektorabbildung der ganglion-fußzyste mit knochen. große ganglienzysten, ein sack mit gelee wie flüssigkeit, ist auf dem fuß des mannes gesetzt – ganglion cyst stock-grafiken, -clipart, -cartoons und -symbole

Medizinische Vektorabbildung der Ganglion-Fußzyste mit Knochen….

Medizinische Vektordarstellung der Ganglienfußzyste mit Knochen. Große Ganglienzysten, ein Sack aus geleeartiger Flüssigkeit, wird am Fuße des Menschen auf den weißen Hintergrund gelegt.

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Ganglion Cyst Lump On Left Hand

Nahaufnahme eines weißen kaukasischen Mannes in der linken Hand mit einem Ganglienzystenknoten, der zwischen den dorsalen digitalen Nerven oder dem Ulnarnerv steckt.

karpaltunnelsyndrom ganglion zyste – ganglion cyst stock-fotos und bilder

Karpaltunnelsyndrom Ganglion Zyste

ganglion zyste auf frau hand auf weißem hintergrund – ganglion cyst stock-fotos und bilder

Ganglion Zyste auf Frau hand auf weißem Hintergrund

große kegelzyste (hygrom), flüssigkeitsgefüllter knoten im zusammenhang mit einem gelenk, ein tumor oder eine schwellung auf einem gelenk oder die abdeckung einer sehne. – ganglion cyst stock-fotos und bilder

Große Kegelzyste (Hygrom), flüssigkeitsgefüllter Knoten im…

Große Kegelzyste (Hygrom) , flüssigkeitsgefüllter Klumpen, der mit einem Gelenk, einem Tumor oder einer Schwellung auf einem Gelenk oder der Abdeckung einer Sehne verbunden ist.

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Ganglion-Zyste

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Medizinische Ganglienfußzyste mit Knochen und ärztliche Injektion

vektorillustration eines verängstigten mannes, der seine hand untersucht. der mann fand einen tumor an seinem arm. symptome von lipom, zyste, tumor und krebs. illustration für medizinische artikel, plakate, ständer. – ganglion cyst stock-grafiken, -clipart, -cartoons und -symbole

Vektorillustration eines verängstigten Mannes, der seine Hand…

vektorgrafik eines verängstigten mannes, der seine hand untersucht. der mann fand eine schwellung an seiner hand. symptome von lipomen, zysten, tumoren und krebs. illustration für medizinische artikel, plakate, ständer. – ganglion cyst stock-grafiken, -clipart, -cartoons und -symbole

Vektorgrafik eines verängstigten Mannes, der seine Hand. ..

vektorillustration eines verängstigten mannes, der seine hand untersucht. der mann fand einen tumor an seinem arm. symptome von lipom, zyste, tumor und krebs. illustration für medizinische artikel, plakate, ständer. – ganglion cyst stock-grafiken, -clipart, -cartoons und -symbole

Vektorillustration eines verängstigten Mannes, der seine Hand…

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Ganglienzyste

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Medizinische Ganglienfußzyste mit Knochen und ärztliche Injektion

Medizinische Ganglienfußzyste mit Knochen und Arztinjektion. Große Ganglienzysten

karpaltunnelsyndrom ganglion zyste – ganglion cyst stock-fotos und bilder

Karpaltunnelsyndrom Ganglion Zyste

Karpalganglionzyste im Handgelenk auf schwarzem Grund

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Ganglienzyste an der Hand des Mannes. Handhaltende Computermaus

linke hand mit gebrochenem finger und ganglion cyst – ganglion cyst stock-fotos und bilder

Linke Hand mit gebrochenem Finger und Ganglion Cyst

Aufnahme einer linken Hand eines weißen kaukasischen Mannes “u2019” mit einem gebrochenen kleinen Finger, der nicht richtig verheilt ist, und einem Ganglienzystenknoten, der zwischen den dorsalen digitalen Nerven des Ulnarnervs liegt.

asiatische frauen alter dreißig kranken mit der krankheit, die zyste am handgelenk isoliert auf weißem hintergrund mit beschneidungspfad. karpaltunnelsyndrom ganglion zyste in medizinische bezeichnung. – ganglion cyst stock-fotos und bilder

Asiatische Frauen Alter dreißig Kranken mit der Krankheit, die…

Asiatische Frauen im Alter von dreißig Jahren Krank mit Krankheit, Die Zyste am Handgelenk isoliert auf weißem Hintergrund mit Schnittweg. Karpalganglionzyste im medizinischen Namen

großen talgdrüsen – ganglion cyst stock-fotos und bilder

Großen Talgdrüsen

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Zyste an der Hand

zyste – ganglion cyst stock-fotos und bilderganglion zyste drei tage nach der operation – ganglion cyst stock-fotos und bilder

Ganglion Zyste drei Tage nach der Operation

reife hand mit osteoarthritis knötchen und ganglienzysten. – ganglion cyst stock-fotos und bilder

Reife Hand mit Osteoarthritis Knötchen und Ganglienzysten.

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reife hand mit osteoarthritis knötchen und ganglienzysten. – ganglion cyst stock-fotos und bilder

Reife Hand mit Osteoarthritis Knötchen und Ganglienzysten.

Reife Hand mit Arthroseknoten und Ganglienzysten.

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Ganglien

Ganglienzyste an Menschenhand isoliert auf weißem Hintergrund

ganglion zyste – ganglion cyst stock-grafiken, -clipart, -cartoons und -symbole

Ganglion Zyste

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Ganglion Zyste im Handgelenk isoliert auf weißem Hintergrund

ganglienzyste an der hand des mannes auf weißem hintergrund – ganglion cyst stock-fotos und bilder

Ganglienzyste an der Hand des Mannes auf weißem Hintergrund

Ganglienzyste an der Hand des Mannes auf weißem Hintergrund.

ganglion zyste auf frau hand auf weißem hintergrund – ganglion cyst stock-fotos und bilder

Ganglion Zyste auf Frau hand auf weißem Hintergrund

große zyste (hygroma), flüssigkeitsgefüllter klumpen, der mit einem gelenk, einem tumor oder schwellungen auf einem gelenk verbunden ist. – ganglion cyst stock-fotos und bilder

Große Zyste (Hygroma), flüssigkeitsgefüllter Klumpen, der mit…

Großes Zystenhygrom, flüssigkeitsgefüllter Knoten im Zusammenhang mit einem Gelenk, ein Tumor oder Schwellungen auf einem Gelenk.

ganglienzyste von harter arbeit – ganglion cyst stock-fotos und bilder

Ganglienzyste von harter Arbeit

Ganglienzyste von harter Arbeit und schmerzhaft

ganglion cyst lump on hand – ganglion cyst stock-fotos und bilder

Ganglion Cyst Lump On Hand

Nahaufnahme eines weißen kaukasischen Mannes in der linken Hand mit einem Ganglienzystenknoten, der zwischen den dorsalen digitalen Nerven oder dem Ulnarnerv steckt.

große zyste (hygroma), flüssigkeitsgefüllter klumpen, der mit einem gelenk, einem tumor oder schwellungen auf einem gelenk verbunden ist. – ganglion cyst stock-fotos und bilder

Große Zyste (Hygroma), flüssigkeitsgefüllter Klumpen, der mit…

Großes Zystenhygrom, flüssigkeitsgefüllter Knoten im Zusammenhang mit einem Gelenk, ein Tumor oder Schwellungen auf einem Gelenk.

ganglienzyste an der hand des mannes auf weißem hintergrund – ganglion cyst stock-fotos und bilder

Ganglienzyste an der Hand des Mannes auf weißem Hintergrund

Ganglienzyste an der Hand des Mannes auf weißem Hintergrund.

ganglion zyste auf frau hand auf weißem hintergrund – ganglion cyst stock-fotos und bilder

Ganglion Zyste auf Frau hand auf weißem Hintergrund

große zyste (hygroma), flüssigkeitsgefüllter klumpen, der mit einem gelenk, einem tumor oder schwellungen auf einem gelenk verbunden ist. – ganglion cyst stock-fotos und bilder

Große Zyste (Hygroma), flüssigkeitsgefüllter Klumpen, der mit. ..

große kegelzyste (hygrom), flüssigkeitsgefüllter knoten im zusammenhang mit einem gelenk, einem tumor oder einer schwellung auf einem gelenk oder der abdeckung einer sehne – ganglion cyst stock-fotos und bilder

Große Kegelzyste (Hygrom), flüssigkeitsgefüllter Knoten im…

Große Kegelzyste (Hygrom) , flüssigkeitsgefüllter Klumpen, der mit einem Gelenk, einem Tumor oder einer Schwellung auf einem Gelenk oder der Abdeckung einer Sehne verbunden ist.

ganglion zyste auf frau hand auf weißem hintergrund – ganglion cyst stock-fotos und bilder

Ganglion Zyste auf Frau hand auf weißem Hintergrund

ganglion zyste auf frau hand auf weißem hintergrund – ganglion cyst stock-fotos und bilder

Ganglion Zyste auf Frau hand auf weißem Hintergrund

ganglienzyste an der hand des mannes auf weißem hintergrund – ganglion cyst stock-fotos und bilder

Ganglienzyste an der Hand des Mannes auf weißem Hintergrund

ganglienzyste an der hand des mannes. handhaltende computermaus – ganglion cyst stock-fotos und bilder

Ganglienzyste an der Hand des Mannes. Handhaltende Computermaus

ganglion zyste auf frau hand auf weißem hintergrund – ganglion cyst stock-fotos und bilder

Ganglion Zyste auf Frau hand auf weißem Hintergrund

ganglion zyste auf frau hand auf weißem hintergrund – ganglion cyst stock-fotos und bilder

Ganglion Zyste auf Frau Hand auf weißem Hintergrund

großen talgdrüsen – ganglion cyst stock-fotos und bilder

Großen Talgdrüsen

reife hand mit osteoarthritis knötchen und ganglienzysten. – ganglion cyst stock-fotos und bilder

Reife Hand mit Osteoarthritis Knötchen und Ganglienzysten.

Reife Hand mit Arthroseknoten und Ganglienzysten.

reife hand mit osteoarthritis knötchen und ganglienzysten. – ganglion cyst stock-fotos und bilder

Reife Hand mit Osteoarthritis Knötchen und Ganglienzysten.

Reife Hand mit Arthroseknoten und Ganglienzysten.

großen talgdrüsen – ganglion cyst stock-fotos und bilder

Großen Talgdrüsen

reife hand mit osteoarthritis knötchen und ganglienzysten. – ganglion cyst stock-fotos und bilder

Reife Hand mit Osteoarthritis Knötchen und Ganglienzysten.

Reife Hand mit Arthroseknoten und Ganglienzysten.

ganglion zyste auf frau hand auf weißem hintergrund – ganglion cyst stock-fotos und bilder

Ganglion Zyste auf Frau hand auf weißem Hintergrund

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Ganglion Cysts: Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment

Nationwide Children’s Hospital

A ganglion (gang-glee-uhn) cyst is a fluid-filled lump under the skin. It is often found over a joint or in a tendon in the hand or wrist (Picture 1). A ganglion cyst forms when there is a small tear in the sleeve of thin tissue that covers a joint or tendon. The tissue bulges and forms a sac. Fluid from the joint leaks into the sac and causes swelling.

• The name of the ganglion cyst changes with its place on the body. If it appears on top of the wrist, it’s a dorsal wrist ganglion cyst (Picture 1). A cyst on the palm side of the wrist is a volar wrist ganglion cyst. Ganglion cysts are most often seen in these two areas. If it’s in the hand, it’s called a retinacular cyst.
• Children of all ages can get ganglion cysts. They are typically seen in people between the ages of 15 and 40, but they can be seen in very young children as well.
• Girls are more likely than boys to have ganglion cysts.
• While ganglion cysts are common, they are usually harmless.

Cause

• The cause of ganglion cysts is unknown. They can appear suddenly or slowly and may go away on their own. If they go away, they may come back for no reason.
• Exercise or using the joint where the ganglion cyst has formed more often may cause it to get bigger over time. Resting the joint may help it get smaller.

Signs and Symptoms

Ganglion cysts don’t usually hurt, but there are some symptoms your child may notice.

• Appearance of a lump
• Pressure or pain when bending the joint if a cyst is big
• Discomfort, tingling, or numbness if the cyst is pressing on a nerve
• Pain is not usually intense if there’s pain at all
• Skin over the cyst may feel smooth, round, and rubbery
• Less range of motion where the cyst is or less strength to grip things

Diagnosis

A ganglion cyst can often be diagnosed during a clinic visit. The doctor or health care provider will take your child’s medical history and do a physical exam.

• Special testing is not needed unless your child has a lot of pain where the cyst is.
• Sometimes an X-ray, ultrasound, or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) test may be ordered. X-rays will not show a ganglion cyst, but they may show other problems. An MRI can find hidden cysts under the skin or reveal other causes of your child’s pain.

Treatment

Most ganglion cysts go away without treatment. However, some may come back after treatment. It may take a long time, up to 12 to 18 months, before the cyst goes away. If it’s not causing any pain, the doctor or health care provider may suggest simply watching and waiting.

If the ganglion cyst is causing your child many problems, the doctor or health care provider will discuss doing one of the following:

• Splinting:  A brace is used to keep the area with the cyst from moving. That will help prevent more irritation that’s caused when the joint moves. It may help the swelling go down and your child may be more comfortable.
• Aspiration:  The fluid is drained from the ganglion cyst by using a needle (Picture 2). A doctor will numb the area, then insert a needle into the cyst to remove the fluid. The cyst may fill with fluid again since it wasn’t fully removed. This procedure is done in the outpatient clinic.
  • Aspiration is not recommended for volar wrist cysts. There is too much of a risk for damage to blood vessels in this area.
• Surgical excision:  Your child will be put to sleep with anesthesia. This will keep them from feeling pain during surgery. A surgeon will cut out (excise) the whole ganglion cyst. This includes the thin sleeve covering the tendon or joint. Excision greatly reduces the chance of the cyst coming back, but it can still return.
  • Patients wear a splint for 2 weeks after surgery.
  • Surgery is a safe choice, but the recovery time is longer and there are risks like:  infection, scarring, pain, problems healing, bleeding at the surgical site, recurrence (return of the cyst), and possible harm to the blood vessels, nerves, and tissues around the surgical site.

Hand specialists in Plastic Surgery and in Orthopedic Surgery at Nationwide Children’s Hospital take care of many patients with ganglion cysts. They are here to help you and
your child. 

Nationwide Children’s Columbus – call (614) 722-HAND (4263) to schedule an appointment

Nationwide Children’s Toledo – call (419) 251-2061 to schedule an appointment

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Ganglion Cysts (PDF)

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Ganglia. Full description: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Tendon ganglion (hygroma) is a benign, neoplastic, cystic neoplasm that occurs in the area of ​​tendon sheaths or joints.

Most often, the tendon ganglion is formed on the back of the hand, but there are also quite frequent cases of hygroma of the knee joint, less often on the back of the foot. Not a single case of degeneration of the ganglion into a malignant tumor has been recorded.

Symptoms:

The tendon ganglion is not considered dangerous, but it can cause pain during the work of the tendon and often becomes quite noticeable visually, and in advanced stages, squeezing of the vessels begins, which leads to stagnation of blood in the veins and pain. On palpation, the ganglion is defined as a tumor-like, round and inactive formation with clear boundaries. Occurs in the region of the joint and is distinguished by a hard-elastic consistency.

When the tendon ganglion is still small, the patient usually does not experience any discomfort.

Reasons for :

In most cases, the causes of the emergence and development of the tendon ganglion is the constant impact (for example, friction or pressure) on a certain area, which is why this disease is often called an occupational disease.

In essence, the hygroma is a degenerative synovial cyst. So, tendon ganglion symptoms, treatment and everything you need to know about this disease.

When to go to the doctor:

As soon as you have a neoplasm, contact a specialist immediately

Forms of the disease:

The ganglion has a connective tissue capsule, often multi-layered. Inside the capsule consists of cavities, which may be several or only one. These cavities contain thickened synovial fluid.

There are several types of hygroma:

• Valve – a valve is formed at the junction of the hygroma capsule and the maternal membrane. When the pressure in the parental cavity is increased by stress or trauma, the synovial fluid begins to flow into the ganglion cavity, but does not move back, as it is blocked by a valve.
• Fistula – tendinous ganglion cavities have an anastomosis together with connections to the tendon sheath or joint. In such cases, the liquid from the hygroma, from time to time, pours out and fills the maternal cavity.
• Isolated – in this case, the ganglion cavity is completely isolated and separated from the maternal membrane. But it still has a place of adhesion with it.

Diagnosis:

The diagnosis is usually made on the basis of the history and characteristic clinical manifestations. X-rays may be ordered to rule out osteoarticular pathology. In doubtful cases, ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging or ganglion puncture are performed.

Treatment:

Tendon ganglion, conservative and surgical treatment:

Conservative treatment: When the ganglion is still small, the method of mechanical crushing can be used. This is a very painful procedure, which is also generous with relapses. The fact is that when crushed, the liquid in the ganglion cavities can pour out into the surrounding tissues. Sometimes inflammatory reactions or even suppuration may begin. And the damaged shell, after a certain period of time, can recover and then most likely a new ganglion will appear. In official medicine, this method has hardly been used since the 80s of the last century because of its cruelty, pain and inefficiency.

Another method of conservative treatment is ganglion puncture, this method is used not only for therapeutic purposes (when for some reason it is not possible to perform an operation), but also for diagnosis (the contents of the ganglion are taken for research).

For treatment, fluid is pumped out of the ganglion, then the cavity is filled with specialized preparations that contribute to the sclerosis of the ganglion capsule. After that, a bandage and plaster are applied to the place where the ganglion is located to immobilize the limb for a week. Immobilization is important to reduce the production of synovial fluid.

Surgical treatment: when conservative methods are ineffective, and the ganglion causes pain, grows or is too prominent, then only surgical intervention remains – bursectomy.

During this operation, the synovial bag is completely cut, then the tendon ganglion and all its membranes are removed. The operation can be performed under local anesthesia, on an outpatient basis. An anesthetic is injected around the site of ganglion formation and the entire operation takes no more than half an hour.

However, unfortunately, it is impossible to carry out a complete and adequate removal of the ganglion during an outpatient operation, since pain sensitivity remains inside the tissues. Best of all, if the operation is performed under general anesthesia, then there will be a complete shutdown of tissue sensitivity. After the operation, the site where the ganglion was is stitched together and in most cases heals in just 10 or 12 days.

It is very important that after the operation to remove the tendon ganglion, the operated area of ​​the limb is firmly fixed using a plaster splint, which is removed after 2-3 weeks. While the scar is forming, you should not allow movements of the limb in the area where the ganglion was, otherwise there will be a risk of relapse.

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Treatment of tendon ganglion of the hand in the clinic of St.

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What is tendon ganglion? How is the removal going? Recovery after surgery

The tendon ganglion is a small subcutaneous mass located at the base of the finger. The disease develops gradually, for no apparent reason, more often in women. Attention is drawn to when there are pains with pressure in the area of ​​\u200b\u200bdensification. This is especially noticeable to housewives who carry packages loaded with groceries home from the store. The package handles twisted into a tourniquet put pressure on the bases of the fingers, causing pain when they hit the seal.

What is a tendon ganglion?

In orthopedics, ganglion refers to a cavity of tendon sheaths that is filled with a gel-like fluid.

On examination, it is very difficult to notice a slight swelling at the base of the finger on the hand (Fig. 1).

On palpation (palpation) of the hand, the doctor determines a dense formation that looks like a small “pea”. The skin over the formation is freely displaced. When you move your finger, the “pea” retains its location.

Fig.1

Nikitin Alexander Vladimirovich

Traumatologist-orthopedist “SM-Clinic”

“Hygroma does not pose a danger to health and life. If it does not look like an obvious cosmetic defect and does not hurt, then it can not be removed. However, if the hygroma limits the mobility of the joint , hurts and interferes, it is better to perform an operation and get rid of the neoplasm.

Tendon ganglion treatment

The only way to treat this disease is an operation, during which it is necessary to remove the membranes and contents of the ganglion. The operation can be performed on an outpatient basis under local anesthesia. After anesthetizing the necessary area of ​​the hand, a skin incision is made. When diluting the edges of the wound, the tendon ganglion is isolated.

After making sure that the digital neurovascular bundles are set aside and cannot be damaged, the ganglion is excised.

Soft tissues excised during the operation must be sent for histological examination.

Fig.2. Tissues excised during the operation: sheaths of the tendon ganglion (a), contents of the cavity (b).

Fig.2.

Recovery

In the postoperative period, dressings are performed, the sutures are removed 10 days after the operation. A plaster cast is not required. In order to develop a hand faster, physiotherapy treatment, therapeutic exercises, massage of the hand and forearm are prescribed.

There are no means of preventing tendon ganglion development.

There are contraindications. Specialist consultation is required.

Author of the article:
Nikitin Alexander Vladimirovich
operating traumatologist at the SM-Clinic

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