What are the common symptoms of stomach flu. How long does stomach flu typically last. What are the most effective treatments for stomach flu. How can you prevent the spread of stomach flu. When should you seek medical attention for stomach flu symptoms.

Understanding Stomach Flu: More Than Just a Tummy Ache

Stomach flu, medically known as viral gastroenteritis, is a highly contagious intestinal infection that can cause significant discomfort and disruption to daily life. Despite its common name, it’s important to note that stomach flu is not related to influenza, which affects the respiratory system. Instead, this condition targets the stomach and intestines, leading to a range of unpleasant symptoms.

Key Symptoms of Stomach Flu

• Watery, non-bloody diarrhea
• Stomach cramps and pain
• Nausea and vomiting
• Occasional muscle aches or headaches
• Low-grade fever

These symptoms can vary in intensity and duration depending on the specific virus causing the infection. It’s crucial to recognize these signs early to manage the condition effectively and prevent its spread to others.

The Culprits Behind Stomach Flu: Identifying the Viral Villains

Several viruses can cause stomach flu, each with its own characteristics and patterns of infection. Understanding these pathogens can help in predicting the course of the illness and taking appropriate preventive measures.

Common Viruses Causing Stomach Flu

1. Norovirus: The most contagious form, often responsible for outbreaks in closed environments.
2. Rotavirus: Peaks between December and April, particularly affecting children.
3. Adenovirus: Can present with a wide range of symptoms beyond typical stomach flu.
4. Astrovirus: Primarily affects those with weakened immune systems.

How do these viruses spread? Typically, transmission occurs through close contact with infected individuals or by consuming contaminated food or water. The highly contagious nature of these viruses, especially norovirus, makes proper hygiene and sanitation crucial in preventing outbreaks.

Timeline of Torment: How Long Does Stomach Flu Last?

The duration of stomach flu can be a critical concern for those affected. The timeline varies depending on the specific virus involved:

• Norovirus: Symptoms appear 12-48 hours after exposure and last 1-3 days.
• Rotavirus: Onset occurs about 48 hours after contact, with symptoms lasting 3-8 days.
• Adenovirus: A longer incubation period of 3-10 days, with symptoms persisting for 1-2 weeks.
• Astrovirus: Symptoms begin 4-5 days post-exposure and typically resolve within 1-4 days.

Is stomach flu contagious even after symptoms subside? Yes, particularly in the case of norovirus, which can continue to spread for over two weeks after apparent recovery. This prolonged contagiousness underscores the importance of maintaining good hygiene practices even after feeling better.

Vulnerable Populations: Who’s at Higher Risk?

While stomach flu can affect anyone, certain groups are more susceptible to severe complications:

• Infants and young children
• Elderly individuals
• People with weakened immune systems
• Those with limited access to healthcare facilities

Why are these groups at higher risk? Their bodies may struggle to cope with the rapid fluid loss and electrolyte imbalances caused by severe diarrhea and vomiting. For infants and young children, dehydration can be particularly dangerous and may require immediate medical attention.

Battling Dehydration: The Primary Concern in Stomach Flu

Dehydration is the most significant complication of stomach flu, especially in vulnerable populations. Recognizing the signs of dehydration is crucial for timely intervention.

Signs of Mild to Severe Dehydration

• Decreased urine output
• Darker urine color
• Reduced tear production
• Dry lips and mouth
• Excessive sleepiness
• Sunken soft spots on infants’ heads

How can you prevent dehydration during stomach flu? Encourage frequent sips of fluids, even if the person doesn’t feel thirsty. For children, oral rehydration solutions, breast milk, and regular diet (once tolerated) can help maintain hydration levels. In severe cases, intravenous fluids may be necessary.

Treatment Strategies: Managing Stomach Flu Symptoms

While there’s no cure for viral gastroenteritis, several approaches can help alleviate symptoms and support recovery:

Hydration and Dietary Approaches

• Oral rehydration solutions
• Clear broths and soups
• Electrolyte-rich drinks
• Gradual reintroduction of solid foods

Medications for Symptom Relief

• Anti-diarrheal medications (with caution)
• Anti-nausea drugs
• Fever reducers

Why aren’t antibiotics used to treat stomach flu? Antibiotics are ineffective against viral infections and may even worsen symptoms or lead to antibiotic resistance. It’s crucial to let the viral infection run its course while managing symptoms and maintaining hydration.

Prevention: The Best Defense Against Stomach Flu

Preventing the spread of stomach flu is key to avoiding outbreaks and protecting vulnerable populations. Here are some effective preventive measures:

• Frequent and thorough handwashing
• Proper food handling and storage
• Disinfecting surfaces and shared objects
• Avoiding close contact with infected individuals
• Staying home when sick to prevent spreading the virus

Can vaccines prevent stomach flu? While there’s no universal vaccine for all forms of viral gastroenteritis, rotavirus vaccines are available and highly effective in preventing severe rotavirus infections in infants and young children.

When to Seek Medical Attention: Red Flags in Stomach Flu

While most cases of stomach flu resolve on their own, certain symptoms warrant immediate medical attention:

• Severe dehydration
• Persistent vomiting
• Bloody stools
• High fever (above 102°F or 39°C)
• Severe abdominal pain
• Symptoms lasting more than a few days

Why is prompt medical attention important in these cases? These symptoms may indicate a more severe condition or complications that require professional medical intervention. Timely treatment can prevent further complications and ensure a faster recovery.

Stomach Flu in Special Populations: Tailoring Care and Precautions

Different population groups may require specific approaches to managing stomach flu:

Infants and Young Children

Infants and young children are particularly vulnerable to the effects of stomach flu, especially dehydration. Parents should be vigilant for signs of dehydration and seek medical advice if symptoms persist for more than 1-2 days. Maintaining hydration is crucial, and oral rehydration solutions specifically designed for children should be used.

Elderly Individuals

Older adults may have a harder time recovering from stomach flu due to weakened immune systems and existing health conditions. They are at higher risk of severe dehydration and complications. Close monitoring and early medical intervention are often necessary for this group.

Immunocompromised Individuals

People with weakened immune systems, such as those undergoing chemotherapy or living with HIV, may experience more severe and prolonged symptoms of stomach flu. They should seek medical attention promptly and may require more aggressive treatment and supportive care.

Pregnant Women

Pregnant women need to be especially cautious when dealing with stomach flu. Dehydration and electrolyte imbalances can pose risks to both the mother and the developing fetus. Prompt medical consultation is advisable to ensure proper management and monitor for any potential complications.

The Impact of Stomach Flu on Daily Life and Public Health

Stomach flu can have significant repercussions beyond individual health, affecting various aspects of daily life and public health:

Economic Impact

The widespread nature of stomach flu outbreaks can lead to substantial economic losses due to:

• Lost productivity from sick days
• Increased healthcare costs
• Disruptions in businesses, especially in the food service and hospitality industries

Educational Disruptions

Schools and childcare centers are often hotspots for stomach flu outbreaks, leading to:

• Temporary closures
• Missed school days
• Challenges in maintaining educational continuity

Public Health Challenges

Managing stomach flu outbreaks presents several challenges for public health officials:

• Rapid implementation of containment measures
• Public education on prevention and hygiene
• Monitoring and tracking outbreaks
• Ensuring equitable access to treatment and prevention resources

Emerging Research and Future Directions in Stomach Flu Management

The field of gastroenteritis research is continually evolving, with new insights and potential treatments on the horizon:

Vaccine Development

While rotavirus vaccines have been successful, researchers are working on developing vaccines for other common causes of stomach flu, particularly norovirus. These efforts could significantly reduce the global burden of viral gastroenteritis.

Microbiome Research

Studies into the gut microbiome are shedding light on how the balance of gut bacteria affects susceptibility to and recovery from stomach flu. This research could lead to probiotic-based preventive and therapeutic approaches.

Antiviral Therapies

Scientists are exploring antiviral medications that could potentially shorten the duration and severity of stomach flu symptoms. While still in early stages, these therapies could revolutionize treatment approaches.

Improved Diagnostic Tools

Advancements in rapid diagnostic tests could allow for quicker and more accurate identification of the specific virus causing stomach flu, enabling more targeted treatment approaches.

Navigating the Aftermath: Recovery and Long-Term Health Considerations

Recovering from stomach flu involves more than just waiting for symptoms to subside. Here are some important considerations for the recovery phase and beyond:

Gradual Diet Reintroduction

As symptoms improve, it’s crucial to reintroduce foods gradually:

• Start with bland, easily digestible foods (BRAT diet: Bananas, Rice, Applesauce, Toast)
• Slowly incorporate other foods as tolerated
• Avoid dairy products, caffeine, and fatty or spicy foods initially

Rebuilding Gut Health

Stomach flu can disrupt the balance of gut bacteria. Consider these steps to support gut health recovery:

• Incorporate probiotic-rich foods or supplements
• Consume prebiotic foods to nourish beneficial bacteria
• Stay hydrated to support overall digestive health

Monitoring for Lingering Effects

Some individuals may experience prolonged effects after acute symptoms resolve:

• Temporary lactose intolerance
• Increased sensitivity to certain foods
• Persistent fatigue or weakness

If these issues persist, consulting a healthcare provider is advisable.

Building Immunity

While having stomach flu doesn’t guarantee immunity against future infections, it can help strengthen the immune response. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle can further support immune function:

• Balanced diet rich in fruits and vegetables
• Regular exercise
• Adequate sleep
• Stress management techniques

Global Perspectives: Stomach Flu as a Public Health Challenge

Stomach flu is not just an individual health concern but a global public health challenge, particularly in developing countries:

Disparities in Impact and Treatment

The impact of stomach flu varies significantly across different regions:

• Higher mortality rates in low-income countries due to limited access to healthcare and clean water
• Greater economic burden in areas with inadequate sanitation infrastructure
• Challenges in implementing widespread vaccination programs in resource-limited settings

Global Initiatives and Collaborations

Various international efforts are underway to address the global burden of stomach flu:

• WHO-led programs for improving sanitation and hygiene practices
• International collaborations for vaccine distribution and development
• Research initiatives focusing on region-specific strains and prevention strategies

Climate Change and Stomach Flu

Emerging research suggests that climate change may influence the spread and severity of stomach flu outbreaks:

• Altered patterns of rainfall and flooding can affect water contamination rates
• Changes in temperature may impact virus survival and transmission
• Shifts in human migration patterns due to climate events can lead to new transmission dynamics

As we continue to navigate the challenges posed by stomach flu, both on individual and global scales, ongoing research, public health initiatives, and personal preventive measures remain crucial. By understanding the nature of this common yet potentially serious condition, we can better equip ourselves to prevent, manage, and recover from stomach flu, contributing to improved health outcomes worldwide.

Stomach flu (gastroenteritis) symptoms, causes, and treatment

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• Evaluate ingredients and composition: Do they have the potential to cause harm?
• Fact-check all health claims: Do they align with the current body of scientific evidence?
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Was this helpful?

Viral gastroenteritis (stomach flu) is a highly contagious intestinal infection that causes watery diarrhea, stomach cramps, and vomiting. It is usually due to a norovirus or rotavirus and transmits via contact with others or contaminated food or drink.

Stomach flu usually develops after contact with a person carrying the infection or consuming contaminated food or water. Often, a person can let the infection run its course. However, home remedies can relieve symptoms.

In the United States, many people recover from stomach flu within a few days without any complications. However, for people in high-risk categories and those with reduced access to healthcare facilities, it can be a severe condition and a significant cause of death.

This article examines the symptoms and causes of stomach flu in adults and children, its contagiousness, recommended methods and home remedies for treating and preventing stomach flu, and when to seek medical advice.

Although people refer to viral gastroenteritis as flu, it is not the same as influenza. Influenza only affects the respiratory system, including the nose, throat, and lungs. Stomach flu affects the stomach and intestines.

Symptoms of stomach flu can include:

• watery, non-bloody diarrhea
• stomach cramps and pain
• nausea, vomiting, or both
• occasional muscle aches or headache
• low grade fever

Anyone with symptoms of stomach flu should not go to school or work as the condition is usually contagious.

Different viruses can cause stomach flu, including:

• Norovirus: This is the most contagious form.
• Rotavirus: This virus peaks between December and April.
• Adenovirus: Infection with this virus can present with a wide range of symptoms.
• Astrovirus: This mostly affects weaker immune systems.

Symptoms generally appear following contact with someone who has the infection. They can also occur after eating or drinking contaminated food or water.

Doctors can offer help for some symptoms and make sure that they are not due to another illness. Some bacterial infections cause the same symptoms as stomach flu.

Stomach flu can last from days up to 2 weeks, depending on which virus causes the condition.

The symptoms of each type begin at different times after contact with the virus and last for varied periods:

• Norovirus: Symptoms usually begin 12–48 hours after contact and last 1–3 days.
• Rotavirus: Symptoms usually begin 48 hours after contact and last 3–8 days.
• Adenovirus: Symptoms usually begin 3–10 days after contact and last 1–2 weeks.
• Astrovirus: Symptoms usually begin 4–5 days after contact and last 1–4 days.

Norovirus is more contagious when a person has symptoms or during the first days after recovery. However, the virus can continue to spread for over 2 weeks after symptoms ease.

Norovirus affects people at any age. Rotavirus, adenovirus, and astrovirus are more likely to affect children and infants, but adults can contract them too.

A parent should consult a doctor if their infant has symptoms for more than 1–2 days and is dehydrated. This can have particularly severe effects on their health.

Signs of mild to severe dehydration include:

• decrease in urination
• darker urine
• fewer tears when crying
• dry lips and mouth
• excessive sleepiness
• sunken soft spots on the heads of infants

If possible, encourage the child to take sips of fluids. Parents can help their children stay hydrated with the following:

• water
• oral and intravenous rehydration solutions
• milk, including breast milk
• juice
• their regular diet once tolerated

Doctors do not recommend electrolyte solutions or infants. These solutions contain a high level of artificial ingredients, which are not optimal to keep a child well hydrated. However, experts recommend oral rehydration solutions made of sugar and sodium as an alternative. People can administer these for children using a syringe, spoon, or cup.

There are no drugs that can cure stomach flu. Doctors do not prescribe antibiotics because a virus usually causes it.

However, there are medications that can help control symptoms:

• Ibuprofen: This can help with fever and aches, but people should use it cautiously as it can upset the stomach and give the kidneys extra work to do when they are already dehydrated.
• Acetaminophen: This is a common treatment option that has fewer side effects than ibuprofen. Acetaminophen is available on Amazon. However, this drug carries the risk of liver damage.
• Antiemetics: These can relieve feelings of nausea. Doctors may prescribe promethazine, ondansetron, metoclopramide, or prochlorperazine.
• OTC antidiarrheals: These include subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol) and loperamide hydrochloride (Imodium). Parents should consult a doctor before giving these medications to children, as they can be harmful to children of certain ages.

The virus usually passes on its own, but home remedies can control symptoms and provide the best relief.

Stay hydrated

People with stomach flu often lose their appetite. The body also loses a lot of fluids through diarrhea, vomiting, and sweating. This lack of food and liquids can cause dehydration.

Dehydration is when the body does not have enough water to work properly. Signs of dehydration include extreme thirst, a dry mouth, tiredness, dizziness, and headache.

People with stomach flu should drink plenty of liquids such as clear soda, diluted fruit juices, or caffeine-free sports drinks, taking slow sips to help to keep fluids down. People who cannot keep food or drink down can snack on ice chips to maintain hydration. Electrolyte solutions, such as Pedialyte, can also help replace lost fluids.

Doctors recommend avoiding coffee as it can unsettle the stomach and disrupt sleep, which is important for recovery. People should also avoid alcohol because it is a diuretic, which means it reduces water content in the body.

What to eat

Stomach flu often reduces or eliminates the appetite. It can help to eat slowly and simply while appetite is low to aid recovery.

Doctors recommend that people rehydrate with fluids before transitioning to soups and broths, then try eating small meals.

Experts suggest following a bland diet to manage gastrointestinal complaints. Recommended foods include rice, pasta, or eggs. People should avoid excess fiber as it loosens the bowels. Tomato-based, fatty, and spicy dishes can also worsen diarrhea.

Rest

Stomach flu can be exhausting. The body needs as much energy as possible to fight off the infection and repair damage. For this reason, it is important to rest, allowing the immune system to work and cells to repair as quickly as possible.

Anyone with stomach flu should rest during the day and get a good night’s sleep each night.

Ginger and peppermint

Ginger helps reduce inflammation and promote digestion by relieving nausea and vomiting. It may also offer some relief from stomach cramps and bloating.

To make ginger tea:

1. Add 1 teaspoon (tsp) of powdered ginger or ½ tsp of fresh ginger root to 1 cup of water.
2. Boil for 5 minutes and let steep for 10 minutes.
3. Strain the tea when using fresh ginger root.
4. Drink 2–3 times daily to get relief.

Ginger can be a spice in meals. People with stomach flu can consume ginger by taking ginger capsules, drinking ginger ale, or chewing a piece of ginger. Powdered ginger is available to buy on Amazon.

Despite the suggested gastrointestinal benefits of ginger, scientists need to conduct more extensive and well‐controlled human studies of ginger to demonstrate its efficacy.

Mint, such as peppermint, may also help soothe an upset stomach and treat gas and bloating. The most effective way to use mint for an upset stomach is to drink it as tea.

To make mint tea, a person can take a few fresh mint leaves, boil them in water, then strain the infusion.

However, there is limited data available to determine the benefit of mint in humans.

Acupressure

Some research has demonstrated that acupressure can reduce nausea.

Measure three finger-widths down from the bottom of the palm and apply pressure with your thumb to the soft part between two tendons, then massage for a couple of minutes.

Chamomile

Chamomile is a plant that can be helpful as a stomach flu remedy. It relaxes the muscles and has anti-inflammatory properties.

This plant may help relieve diarrhea, stomach cramping, bloating, nausea, and gas in some individuals. Experts suggest it can help in minor cases of gastrointestinal distress.

To make chamomile tea:

1. Add 2–3 tsp of dried chamomile flowers to a cup of hot water. These flowers are available online at Amazon.
2. Cover and let it steep for 10–15 minutes.
3. Strain, and then add some lemon juice and honey to taste.
4. Drink this tea three or four times a day for 2–3 days.

Rosemary, red, and fennel tea may also have anti-inflammatory properties and aid digestion.

If home remedies do not provide relief from stomach flu, a doctor can offer additional professional guidance.

Norovirus is the most common form of stomach flu. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), every year in the U.S., it causes 19–21 million illnesses, around 109,000 hospitalizations, and 900 deaths of adults over 65 years of age.

It is the most common cause of foodborne disease outbreaks in the U.S., causing 58% of cases.

A few simple measures can reduce the risk of catching stomach flu:

• Always wash hands before handling or preparing food and after using the toilet or changing a diaper.
• Wash all fruits and vegetables and thoroughly cook seafood before eating.
• Wipe shopping cart handles before use.
• Disinfect countertops and surfaces, and wash clothes and bedding.
• Use the dishwasher rather than washing dishes by hand.
• People who begin to feel ill should not prepare food for others.
• Sick family members should self-isolate, for instance, by restricting themselves to one bathroom.

Vaccination for children

Rotavirus was previously the most common cause of stomach flu, causing around 440,000 deaths worldwide each year in children under 5.

However, since 2006, rotavirus vaccination has become available for children. Since the vaccination scheme, cases have dropped by 58–90% each year.

A person should seek immediate medical assistance if they or a child in their care experiences the following:

• a fever above 104 degrees Fahrenheit, or any fever in infants
• persistent vomiting
• diarrhea that lasts more than two days
• producing at least six loose stools in a day
• blood or pus in the stool, or black or tarry stools
• severe pain in the rectum or abdomen
• dehydration
• alteration in mental state
• being unable to keep liquids down for 24 hours

Additionally, a parent or caregiver should seek medical advice if a child cannot consume enough fluids or if liquids are not helping with symptoms. Prolonged bouts of diarrhea are considered a dangerous symptom, especially in newborns, as it can lead to severe dehydration.

The symptoms of stomach flu and food poisoning are very similar, but food poisoning is more common.

One major difference is the duration of illness. Food poisoning tends to clear up within a couple of days, but stomach flu can last for almost 2 weeks.

Learn more about the differences between stomach viruses and food poisoning here.

Symptoms of stomach flu can overlap with those of COVID-19. However, the most common feature of COVID-19 is respiratory symptoms, which do not occur with gastrointestinal conditions.

Find out more about gastrointestinal symptoms of COVID-19.

For people who are not at high risk and have access to healthcare facilities, stomach flu often passes on its own without causing complications. Home remedies and general good hygiene can help prevent or ease symptoms.

However, stomach flu can have strong, negative implications in some cases in people of all ages. A person should consult a doctor if they are experiencing severe symptoms or dehydration.

Stomach flu (gastroenteritis) symptoms, causes, and treatment

We include products we think are useful for our readers. If you buy through links on this page, we may earn a small commission Here’s our process.

Medical News Today only shows you brands and products that we stand behind.

Our team thoroughly researches and evaluates the recommendations we make on our site. To establish that the product manufacturers addressed safety and efficacy standards, we:

• Evaluate ingredients and composition: Do they have the potential to cause harm?
• Fact-check all health claims: Do they align with the current body of scientific evidence?
• Assess the brand: Does it operate with integrity and adhere to industry best practices?

We do the research so you can find trusted products for your health and wellness.

Read more about our vetting process.

Was this helpful?

Viral gastroenteritis (stomach flu) is a highly contagious intestinal infection that causes watery diarrhea, stomach cramps, and vomiting. It is usually due to a norovirus or rotavirus and transmits via contact with others or contaminated food or drink.

Stomach flu usually develops after contact with a person carrying the infection or consuming contaminated food or water. Often, a person can let the infection run its course. However, home remedies can relieve symptoms.

In the United States, many people recover from stomach flu within a few days without any complications. However, for people in high-risk categories and those with reduced access to healthcare facilities, it can be a severe condition and a significant cause of death.

This article examines the symptoms and causes of stomach flu in adults and children, its contagiousness, recommended methods and home remedies for treating and preventing stomach flu, and when to seek medical advice.

Although people refer to viral gastroenteritis as flu, it is not the same as influenza. Influenza only affects the respiratory system, including the nose, throat, and lungs. Stomach flu affects the stomach and intestines.

Symptoms of stomach flu can include:

• watery, non-bloody diarrhea
• stomach cramps and pain
• nausea, vomiting, or both
• occasional muscle aches or headache
• low grade fever

Anyone with symptoms of stomach flu should not go to school or work as the condition is usually contagious.

Different viruses can cause stomach flu, including:

• Norovirus: This is the most contagious form.
• Rotavirus: This virus peaks between December and April.
• Adenovirus: Infection with this virus can present with a wide range of symptoms.
• Astrovirus: This mostly affects weaker immune systems.

Symptoms generally appear following contact with someone who has the infection. They can also occur after eating or drinking contaminated food or water.

Doctors can offer help for some symptoms and make sure that they are not due to another illness. Some bacterial infections cause the same symptoms as stomach flu.

Stomach flu can last from days up to 2 weeks, depending on which virus causes the condition.

The symptoms of each type begin at different times after contact with the virus and last for varied periods:

• Norovirus: Symptoms usually begin 12–48 hours after contact and last 1–3 days.
• Rotavirus: Symptoms usually begin 48 hours after contact and last 3–8 days.
• Adenovirus: Symptoms usually begin 3–10 days after contact and last 1–2 weeks.
• Astrovirus: Symptoms usually begin 4–5 days after contact and last 1–4 days.

Norovirus is more contagious when a person has symptoms or during the first days after recovery. However, the virus can continue to spread for over 2 weeks after symptoms ease.

Norovirus affects people at any age. Rotavirus, adenovirus, and astrovirus are more likely to affect children and infants, but adults can contract them too.

A parent should consult a doctor if their infant has symptoms for more than 1–2 days and is dehydrated. This can have particularly severe effects on their health.

Signs of mild to severe dehydration include:

• decrease in urination
• darker urine
• fewer tears when crying
• dry lips and mouth
• excessive sleepiness
• sunken soft spots on the heads of infants

If possible, encourage the child to take sips of fluids. Parents can help their children stay hydrated with the following:

• water
• oral and intravenous rehydration solutions
• milk, including breast milk
• juice
• their regular diet once tolerated

Doctors do not recommend electrolyte solutions or infants. These solutions contain a high level of artificial ingredients, which are not optimal to keep a child well hydrated. However, experts recommend oral rehydration solutions made of sugar and sodium as an alternative. People can administer these for children using a syringe, spoon, or cup.

There are no drugs that can cure stomach flu. Doctors do not prescribe antibiotics because a virus usually causes it.

However, there are medications that can help control symptoms:

• Ibuprofen: This can help with fever and aches, but people should use it cautiously as it can upset the stomach and give the kidneys extra work to do when they are already dehydrated.
• Acetaminophen: This is a common treatment option that has fewer side effects than ibuprofen. Acetaminophen is available on Amazon. However, this drug carries the risk of liver damage.
• Antiemetics: These can relieve feelings of nausea. Doctors may prescribe promethazine, ondansetron, metoclopramide, or prochlorperazine.
• OTC antidiarrheals: These include subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol) and loperamide hydrochloride (Imodium). Parents should consult a doctor before giving these medications to children, as they can be harmful to children of certain ages.

The virus usually passes on its own, but home remedies can control symptoms and provide the best relief.

Stay hydrated

People with stomach flu often lose their appetite. The body also loses a lot of fluids through diarrhea, vomiting, and sweating. This lack of food and liquids can cause dehydration.

Dehydration is when the body does not have enough water to work properly. Signs of dehydration include extreme thirst, a dry mouth, tiredness, dizziness, and headache.

People with stomach flu should drink plenty of liquids such as clear soda, diluted fruit juices, or caffeine-free sports drinks, taking slow sips to help to keep fluids down. People who cannot keep food or drink down can snack on ice chips to maintain hydration. Electrolyte solutions, such as Pedialyte, can also help replace lost fluids.

Doctors recommend avoiding coffee as it can unsettle the stomach and disrupt sleep, which is important for recovery. People should also avoid alcohol because it is a diuretic, which means it reduces water content in the body.

What to eat

Stomach flu often reduces or eliminates the appetite. It can help to eat slowly and simply while appetite is low to aid recovery.

Doctors recommend that people rehydrate with fluids before transitioning to soups and broths, then try eating small meals.

Experts suggest following a bland diet to manage gastrointestinal complaints. Recommended foods include rice, pasta, or eggs. People should avoid excess fiber as it loosens the bowels. Tomato-based, fatty, and spicy dishes can also worsen diarrhea.

Rest

Stomach flu can be exhausting. The body needs as much energy as possible to fight off the infection and repair damage. For this reason, it is important to rest, allowing the immune system to work and cells to repair as quickly as possible.

Anyone with stomach flu should rest during the day and get a good night’s sleep each night.

Ginger and peppermint

Ginger helps reduce inflammation and promote digestion by relieving nausea and vomiting. It may also offer some relief from stomach cramps and bloating.

To make ginger tea:

1. Add 1 teaspoon (tsp) of powdered ginger or ½ tsp of fresh ginger root to 1 cup of water.
2. Boil for 5 minutes and let steep for 10 minutes.
3. Strain the tea when using fresh ginger root.
4. Drink 2–3 times daily to get relief.

Ginger can be a spice in meals. People with stomach flu can consume ginger by taking ginger capsules, drinking ginger ale, or chewing a piece of ginger. Powdered ginger is available to buy on Amazon.

Despite the suggested gastrointestinal benefits of ginger, scientists need to conduct more extensive and well‐controlled human studies of ginger to demonstrate its efficacy.

Mint, such as peppermint, may also help soothe an upset stomach and treat gas and bloating. The most effective way to use mint for an upset stomach is to drink it as tea.

To make mint tea, a person can take a few fresh mint leaves, boil them in water, then strain the infusion.

However, there is limited data available to determine the benefit of mint in humans.

Acupressure

Some research has demonstrated that acupressure can reduce nausea.

Measure three finger-widths down from the bottom of the palm and apply pressure with your thumb to the soft part between two tendons, then massage for a couple of minutes.

Chamomile

Chamomile is a plant that can be helpful as a stomach flu remedy. It relaxes the muscles and has anti-inflammatory properties.

This plant may help relieve diarrhea, stomach cramping, bloating, nausea, and gas in some individuals. Experts suggest it can help in minor cases of gastrointestinal distress.

To make chamomile tea:

1. Add 2–3 tsp of dried chamomile flowers to a cup of hot water. These flowers are available online at Amazon.
2. Cover and let it steep for 10–15 minutes.
3. Strain, and then add some lemon juice and honey to taste.
4. Drink this tea three or four times a day for 2–3 days.

Rosemary, red, and fennel tea may also have anti-inflammatory properties and aid digestion.

If home remedies do not provide relief from stomach flu, a doctor can offer additional professional guidance.

Norovirus is the most common form of stomach flu. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), every year in the U.S., it causes 19–21 million illnesses, around 109,000 hospitalizations, and 900 deaths of adults over 65 years of age.

It is the most common cause of foodborne disease outbreaks in the U.S., causing 58% of cases.

A few simple measures can reduce the risk of catching stomach flu:

• Always wash hands before handling or preparing food and after using the toilet or changing a diaper.
• Wash all fruits and vegetables and thoroughly cook seafood before eating.
• Wipe shopping cart handles before use.
• Disinfect countertops and surfaces, and wash clothes and bedding.
• Use the dishwasher rather than washing dishes by hand.
• People who begin to feel ill should not prepare food for others.
• Sick family members should self-isolate, for instance, by restricting themselves to one bathroom.

Vaccination for children

Rotavirus was previously the most common cause of stomach flu, causing around 440,000 deaths worldwide each year in children under 5.

However, since 2006, rotavirus vaccination has become available for children. Since the vaccination scheme, cases have dropped by 58–90% each year.

A person should seek immediate medical assistance if they or a child in their care experiences the following:

• a fever above 104 degrees Fahrenheit, or any fever in infants
• persistent vomiting
• diarrhea that lasts more than two days
• producing at least six loose stools in a day
• blood or pus in the stool, or black or tarry stools
• severe pain in the rectum or abdomen
• dehydration
• alteration in mental state
• being unable to keep liquids down for 24 hours

Additionally, a parent or caregiver should seek medical advice if a child cannot consume enough fluids or if liquids are not helping with symptoms. Prolonged bouts of diarrhea are considered a dangerous symptom, especially in newborns, as it can lead to severe dehydration.

The symptoms of stomach flu and food poisoning are very similar, but food poisoning is more common.

One major difference is the duration of illness. Food poisoning tends to clear up within a couple of days, but stomach flu can last for almost 2 weeks.

Learn more about the differences between stomach viruses and food poisoning here.

Symptoms of stomach flu can overlap with those of COVID-19. However, the most common feature of COVID-19 is respiratory symptoms, which do not occur with gastrointestinal conditions.

Find out more about gastrointestinal symptoms of COVID-19.

For people who are not at high risk and have access to healthcare facilities, stomach flu often passes on its own without causing complications. Home remedies and general good hygiene can help prevent or ease symptoms.

However, stomach flu can have strong, negative implications in some cases in people of all ages. A person should consult a doctor if they are experiencing severe symptoms or dehydration.

TsMSCh No. 28, Angarsk. Prevention of influenza and SARS

March 29, 2021

What is influenza?

Influenza is a severe viral infection that affects men, women and children of all ages and ethnicities. Influenza epidemics happen every year, usually during the cold season. In terms of the number of cases in the world, influenza and SARS rank first, the share in the structure of infectious diseases reaches 95%.

Influenza and SARS, gradually undermining health, reduce the average life expectancy of a person by several years. In severe cases of influenza, irreversible damage to the cardiovascular system, respiratory organs, and central nervous system often occurs, provoking heart and vascular diseases, pneumonia, tracheobronchitis, and meningoencephalitis. Common complications after influenza are rhinitis, sinusitis, bronchitis, otitis, exacerbation of chronic diseases, bacterial superinfection. A bacterial infection (pneumococcal, hemophilic, staphylococcal) is often introduced into an organism weakened by influenza. Influenza collects the greatest victims among the elderly population groups suffering from chronic diseases. Death from influenza can occur from intoxication, cerebral hemorrhages, pulmonary complications (pneumonia), heart or cardiopulmonary failure.

What is SARS? What is the difference from the flu?

The term “acute respiratory disease” (ARI) or “acute respiratory viral infection” (ARVI) covers a large number of diseases that are very similar to each other. Their main similarity lies in the fact that they are all caused by viruses that enter the body along with inhaled air through the mouth and nasopharynx, and also that they are all characterized by the same set of symptoms. The patient has a fever, inflammation in the throat, cough and headache for several days. The most common symptom of respiratory disease is a runny nose; it is caused by a number of related viruses known as rhinoviruses. With recovery, all these symptoms disappear and do not leave any traces behind.

The influenza virus is very easily transmitted. The most common route of infection is airborne. A household transmission route is also possible, for example, through household items. When coughing, sneezing, talking, particles of saliva, mucus, sputum with pathogenic microflora, including influenza viruses, are ejected from the nasopharynx of a patient or a virus carrier. An infected zone is formed around the patient with a maximum concentration of aerosol particles. The range of their scattering usually does not exceed 2 – 3 m.

Influenza symptoms

Influenza usually begins acutely. The incubation (hidden) period usually lasts 2-5 days. Then the period of acute clinical manifestations begins. The severity of the disease depends on the general state of health, age, whether the patient has been in contact with this type of virus before. Depending on this, the patient may develop one of four forms of influenza: mild, moderate, severe, hypertoxic.

Depending on the specific type of pathogen, symptoms can vary significantly, both in severity and combination options.

Fever

Chills, general malaise, weakness headache, muscle pain

Decreased appetite, possible nausea and vomiting

Conjunctivitis (possible)

Diarrhea (possible)

On average, the illness lasts about 5 days. If the temperature lasts longer, there may be complications.

Influenza and SARS prophylaxis

Influenza and SARS prophylaxis is subdivided into non-specific and specific .

Methods of non-specific prophylaxis:

1. Personal hygiene.

In other words, many diseases are associated with unwashed hands. The source, as before, is a sick person. Handshakes should be avoided during this period. After contact with door handles, toilets, handrails in public places, treat hands with an antiseptic or wash them thoroughly. Do not touch your nose, eyes, mouth with dirty, unwashed hands.

2. Rinse the nose.

Even if you don’t know how to do it, it’s time to learn. Now many doctors advise moisturizing or rinsing the nose during epidemics. This can be done with a saline solution (1 teaspoon of salt per liter of water) or special salt sprays, of which there are many in pharmacies.

3. Putting on masks.

Moreover, it is worth putting it on a sick person in order to prevent large particles of saliva from entering the space when coughing and sneezing, but it does not retain small particles.

4. Thorough cleaning of the premises.

The virus loves warm and dusty rooms, so you should take the time to wet cleaning and airing.

5. Avoid crowds.

During this period, it is better to refrain from going to theaters, circuses, cafes and other places where infected people may be and where the chance of catching the virus is high.

6. Other methods , which include a balanced diet and a healthy lifestyle, exercise, walking and more.

The World Health Organization considers vaccination to be the only socially and economically viable measure to combat influenza. Vaccination reduces morbidity by 90% and reduces hospitalization by 60%.

The main method of specific prophylaxis against influenza is active immunization – vaccination, when a particle of an infectious agent is introduced into the body. The viruses (its parts) contained in the vaccine stimulate the body to produce antibodies (they begin to be produced on average after two weeks), which prevent the reproduction of viruses and infection of the body. The best time to vaccinate is in the fall, as influenza epidemics tend to occur between November and March.

REMEMBER!!!

Timely visit to the doctor reduces the risk of complications

How to return digestion to normal after coronavirus? – Clinic “Family Doctor”.

Most people who have had COVID-19 experience a decline in their quality of life. A dangerous illness is behind, but there is no complete recovery. Increased anxiety, fatigue, sluggishness, forgetfulness, drowsiness and impaired appetite interfere with full-fledged work or study. Chronic diseases are aggravated, problems with digestion appear.

Gastrointestinal tract (GI) lesion due to COVID-19

Coronavirus infection SARS-CoV-2 can initially occur with a predominant lesion of the digestive tract. Even if there was no nausea, loose stools and abdominal pain during the acute period of the disease, covid affects all human tissues and reduces immunity. In addition, the treatment of infection with serious drugs violates the natural balance of microflora in the intestines, negatively affects the liver.

Causes of digestive disorders after COVID-19

1. Changes in intestinal biocenosis.
2. Deterioration of the liver.
3. Reduced immunity.

This leads to diarrhea, abdominal pain, nausea, weakness and irritability, and loss of appetite.

Doctor will help to improve digestion.

To clarify the cause of indigestion, an examination is carried out:

• complete blood count
• stool test for dysbacteriosis
• coprogram
• Abdominal ultrasound
• Esophagogastroduodenoscopy
• colonoscopy.

The list of diagnostic procedures can be reduced or expanded. The examination is prescribed by the doctor individually for each patient.

Digestion recovery after COVID

Treatment depends on the pathology identified during the examination and the person’s well-being.

The standard of medical recommendations includes:

• normalization of sleep and wakefulness
• diet control, prescription of diet food
• drugs that normalize the functioning of the liver and digestive tract
• treatment of comorbidities
• physiotherapy
• psychotherapeutic support.

Gastroenterologists use effective treatment regimens for post-COVID digestive disorders. Patients quickly recover and return to their usual way of life. The effect of treatment is higher, the earlier a person goes to the clinic.

Sign up for a consultation with a doctor at the single contact center number +7 (495) 775 75 66 or using a special online appointment form on the website, do not delay your recovery.

Publications of our doctors on the topic “How to overcome the post-covid syndrome”

• Lung recovery after coronavirus
• Restoration of smell after coronavirus
• Restoring memory after suffering a coronavirus
• Loss of smell due to COVID-19 – advice from an otolaryngologist
• Overcoming mental disorders in post-COVID syndrome
  
• Experiencing COVID. How the coronavirus pandemic affects mental activity
• Post-covid screening – examination after a new coronavirus infection
  
• Cardiologist recommendations after suffering COVID-19
• Coronavirus turned out to be “vindictive” – ​​what is important to know
• Melatonin and COVID-19 – a drug for Trump
  
• Post-covid syndrome: a program for the diagnosis and regression of post-covid symptoms.