Top 10 Best & Worst Foods for Multiple Sclerosis (MS)

The National MS Society defines multiple sclerosis (MS) as an immune-mediated process in which the body’s immune system response is directed at the central nervous system (CNS).

The CNS is made up of the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. The exact antigen—the target that the immune cells are sensitized to attack—remains unknown. This is why many experts consider MS to be “immune-mediated” rather than “autoimmune.”

The Body with Multiple Sclerosis

When a person has MS, the immune system attacks patches of the myelin sheath, a fatty substance essential to the functioning of the nervous system. As a result, individuals have mild to severe impairment of the limbs, weakness, and visual and sensory losses as well as bladder and bowel malfunction. 

While years ago physicians believed that people with MS would inevitably need to use a wheelchair at some point in their lives, the Multiple Sclerosis Trust states that treatment options are now improving, so most people with MS will not need to use a wheelchair at any point in their lives.  

Multiple Sclerosis and the Diet

For many individuals with MS, symptoms can be abated and the disease progression can be significantly slowed by making health-promoting food choices. There is ample evidence that diet quality has an impact on symptom severity and disability. In fact, food choices can have a significant impact on the quality of life of MS patients. 

It is important to note that no singular diet has stood out from the rest regarding its effectiveness in slowing or reversing the progression of MS. There is evidence, however, in favor of low-fat, plant-based diets; a high-fat, moderate protein and very-low-carbohydrate (ketogenic) diet; and a modified Paleo diet.  

Dr. John A. Mcdougal, renowned for his work on the effects of diet on disease prevention and reversal, as well as neurologist Dr. Roy Swank, who did extensive research back in the late 1940 and 1950s, believed eating a low-fat diet can help patients with MS and that animal products and tropical oils worsen MS symptoms. MS specialists today recommend a low-fat, high-fiber diet.

Dr. Terry Wahls was able to stop the progression of her own progressive multiple sclerosis by adopting Paleo-diet principles combined with functional medicine. 

Clearly, the evidence around different foods and macronutrient distributions and their role in stopping the progression of MS varies significantly. Researchers have found that this variation is likely due to the role of individual metabolic differences and non-MS health factors in individuals with MS, including hypertension, hyperlipidemia, salt intake, and obesity.  

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Top Ten Best Foods for MS

Foods Rich in Vitamin D

A higher incidence of MS is found in patients with low vitamin D levels. The main way we get vitamin D is from sunlight, but we can also get it through our diet. If you don’t consume dairy products, eat foods fortified with vitamin D, such as orange juice, or take a vitamin D supplement to help prevent and slow disease progression.

In addition to low-fat dairy, salmon, mackerel, tuna, herring, and egg yolks are good sources of vitamin D. Mushrooms are the only good plant-source of vitamin D. 

You can read more about vitamin D, multiple sclerosis, and dosage requirements on the website for the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Unprocessed Meats

If your diet includes meats, select unprocessed meats, and avoid processed meats like cold cuts, cured meats, and sausages. 

While traditional recommendations focus on excluding red meats from the diet and consuming only white meats, like poultry and fish, new research suggests that higher consumption of non-processed red meat is associated with a reduced risk of MS. 

In fact, a pilot study supervised by Dr. Terry Wahls, a pioneer in the subject of the impact of diet on MS, suggested that a paleolithic-style diet high in unprocessed meats and low in carbohydrates, together with stretching and meditation exercises, significantly reduced fatigue. A larger study is currently being carried out. 

On the other hand, those who had diets high in animal fats and meat products had a higher prevalence of MS. 

Whole Grains

A meal rich in refined carbohydrates increases insulin levels, which in turn activates a cascade of chemical processes that can exacerbate MS symptoms. 

Eating whole grains instead of refined flour or processed carbohydrates will increase fiber, maintain stable blood sugars, promote healthy bowel habits, and help with the fatigue MS patients experience. 

Oats, brown rice, and quinoa are good examples of whole grains you can incorporate into your diet.

Fresh Fruit

Fresh fruit is one of the best foods for Multiple Sclerosis because it provides a myriad of micronutrients and antioxidant chemicals, including polyphenols, carotenoids, and anthocyanins.

Many fruits, like kiwi, berries, banana, and papaya, are also high in magnesium, a lack of which could be linked to MS progression. In general, MS experts recommend getting nutrients, like magnesium, from foods rather than from supplements. 

Since MS is a condition that is made worse by oxidative stress, antioxidant intake can have an important role in stopping disease progression as well. 

Additionally, constipation is a constant battle with people who suffer from MS. Eat a variety of brightly colored fruits for an increase in fiber to increase motility and prevent and ease constipation. 

Eating whole foods such as fruit instead of refined sugars will help stabilize blood sugar and battle fatigue.

Vegetables

Green leafy veggies, spinach, kale, broccoli, and cabbage are foods high in fiber and will help with constipation. They also help stabilize blood sugar, which is important to avoid MS relapse. 

Filling up on veggies will help maintain a healthy weight and prevent the onset of other chronic diseases such as diabetes and heart disease. A low-fat, high-fiber diet is recommended by Dr. Roy Swank, and filling up on vegetables is a good way to go. He also recommends a mostly vegetarian diet with very little animal fat.

Additionally, vegetables, especially dark green vegetables like spinach, broccoli, and kale, are good sources of calcium and iron. Researchers have found that people with progressive MS tend to be lacking in iron and calcium, so eating more vegetables that are good sources of these foods may slow disease progression.

Fatty Fish

Increase your intake of fish high in omega-3s, such as salmon, sardines, tuna, trout, and mackerel. They have good fatty acids that prevent inflammation and are good for balancing out our diet, which is usually higher in omega-6 fatty acids. The imbalance of too much omega-6 fatty acids to omega-3 can cause your immune system to become overactive, which is an issue in multiple sclerosis.

Plant-Based Oils

The type of fat we choose to consume could have a big impact on the levels of inflammation in our body. Since MS patients have an inflammatory response in multiple parts of their bodies, including their immune system, the brain, and the blood vessels, consuming oils that help to reduce inflammation is an important part of a dietary strategy to managing MS. 

Choose olive, hemp, or flaxseed oil, instead of saturated fats like butter or shortening. These oils have healthy unsaturated fats that help lower cholesterol and reduce inflammation.

Turmeric

Multiple sclerosis is a disease that causes inflammation and scarring to the neural pathways. Eating foods that stop inflammation can help ease symptoms of MS and possibly prevent disease progression. Turmeric is a spice that has been proven to fight inflammation due to the ingredient curcumin it contains. 

A large body of studies have demonstrated the potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of curcumin, and it has the potential to modulate several factors that influence the progression of central nervous system disorders like MS.

The research is so promising that some researchers propose considering curcumin as part of the treatment for MS.

Avocado

Avocados are another one of the best foods for Multiple Sclerosis due to their strong anti-inflammatory properties. They are rich in monounsaturated fats, lutein, glutathione, vitamin E, and phenolic antioxidants, all of which help to fight inflammation. 

Additionally, the phytosterols avocados contain also help to suppress inflammation. 

These components are not only beneficial for the chemical processes behind MS but also contain nutrients that help promote heart and brain health. There are so many ways to enjoy avocados; make guacamole and enjoy it with fish or chicken or spread it on toast.

Ginger

Ginger possesses strong anti-neuroinflammatory characteristics thanks to a component called 10-gingerol.

Select a firm, smooth root, and add a slice or two to your favorite tea or make it an ingredient in your favorite salads, dressings, or marinades.

Top Ten Worst Foods for MS

Saturated Fats

Avoid foods high in saturated fats, as they are among the worst for Multiple Sclerosis. In a landmark longitudinal study that began in 1954 and was led by Dr. Roy Swank, data showed that diets low in saturated fat resulted in a lower risk of developing MS. In 2003, a follow-up study was carried out with the same people enrolled in the first study, and they found that people with MS who followed the “Swank diet” lived longer and lived otherwise normal lives. 

The research suggests that MS is caused by animal-sourced saturated fat and recommends consuming less than 10–15 grams of saturated fat per day, plant sources included. 

Alcohol

Alcohol is a central nervous system depressant, and it has the potential to worsen neurological symptoms or have additive effects when combined with MS medications. 

While some studies suggest that limited alcohol drinking (one or two drinks) may suppress symptoms and might help to reduce the progression of disability in relapsing onset MS, it has a neutral to detrimental effect in people with progressive onset MS.  

However, people with MS may be more likely to abuse alcohol, and that can contribute to high rates of depression. While alcohol consumption is not recommended in general, you may want to speak to your doctor about your consumption patterns and how it could potentially affect your MS. 

Sugar

Avoid foods high in simple sugars, as they contribute to an imbalance in blood glucose. Research shows that severe blood glucose spikes and drops associated with high consumption of refined sugar contribute more severe symptoms and a higher level of disability compared to people with MS who seldom consume sugar-sweetened foods and beverages.  

In fact, one study found that people with MS who had the highest consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages were up to five times more likely to have a severe disability than people who seldom drank sugar-sweetened beverages.

Ultra-Processed Foods

Ultra-processed foods are those that tend to contain numerous additives to lengthen their shelf-life and to modify their color and flavor. What is the connection between additives and MS? Additives commonly used in processed foods can damage intestinal mucosa and thus weaken our natural immune system. Immune balance is essential for preventing multiple sclerosis and for slowing and stopping MS progression. 

In fact, research suggests that the regular consumption of foods with industrial food additives change the tight junction permeability of the intestine, and this could be an explanation for the rising incidence of autoimmune diseases on a population level, MS included. 

While all food undergoes some sort of processing (like cleaning, peeling, etc.), stick to eating fresh, whole foods with all-natural ingredients.   

Refined Grains

Like sugar, refined grains are among the worst foods for Multiple Sclerosis because they also cause a spike in blood glucose. Blood glucose spikes can cause damage to myelin sheaths on neural cells and can cause neural dysfunction. Since MS is a neurological condition, it is important to avoid foods that might damage cells, such as refined grains, and contribute to the progression of MS.   

Avoid white rice, potatoes, white bread, and all refined grains.

MSG

The health effects of the food additive monosodium glutamate (MSG) has been a hot topic of debate for decades. While most research shows that the effect might be minimal to null in healthy people, the immune system of people with MS likely responds abnormally to the molecules that make up MSG. 

MSG is an excitatory neurotransmitter that may cause damage to neurons. Since MS is a condition where neurons are already damaged, it is important to avoid MSG.

MSG is found mostly as an additive in some Chinese cuisine and as a flavor enhancer in packaged savory snacks. Always check the labels of foods you purchase and avoid restaurant food that might use MSG in their ingredients.

Full-Fat Dairy

As mentioned above, foods high in saturated fat, especially those that come from animal foods, should be avoided. While consuming milk could be beneficial for MS symptoms due to its vitamin D content, choose skim options instead to skip out on the fat. Choose low-fat dairy products or limit dairy products to maintain a low-fat diet.

Salt

According to Nature Neuroscience, high salt intake is linked to the exacerbation of MS symptoms. Limit adding salt to season your foods by using alternative spices, such as black pepper. Buy fresh or frozen vegetables, and avoid all canned products, which are extremely high in sodium. If you do have to resort to canned goods, wash the food thoroughly to get rid of excess sodium.

Caffeine

MS patients often experience issues with an overactive bladder. Since caffeine is a natural diuretic, it may exacerbate bladder activity in some people. Avoiding caffeine can help manage some of the symptoms associated with bladder-related issues found in MS patients and prevent irritation.

Note that people with some types of MS find that caffeine helps to relieve the symptoms of fatigue and two independent studies found that people who consumed caffeine regularly were at lower risk of developing MS.

This is one of the foods where research can be confusing, so it is important to speak to your doctor about how specific foods may affect the symptoms of the type of MS you or your patient has.

Gluten

Wheat, rye, barley, and any foods made with these grains, including white flour, contain gluten. Researchers have explored the link between multiple sclerosis and celiac disease—a condition in which eating foods containing gluten causes damage to your small intestine. MS patients should be tested for gluten intolerance and, if found to be intolerant, allergic, or sensitive to gluten, they should follow a gluten-free diet.

Read our post on Top 10 Superfoods for additional suggestions on which foods can be beneficial for those with MS.

Main Takeaways

Note that while there is no miracle diet that is definitively shown to prevent or treat MS, there is plenty of research on the roles of dietary patterns and their influence on the onset and progression of MS. Note that there are different types of MS, and the underlying mechanisms behind their appearance and progression are different for each. As a result, the interaction foods and beverages have with different types of MS could vary. It is important to discuss any dietary changes with your doctor and follow up with her regularly. 

Is there a multiple sclerosis diet?

I was recently diagnosed with MS. Is there a special diet I should follow?

Answer From Orhun Kantarci, M.D.

There is no evidence that a specific diet can prevent, treat or cure multiple sclerosis (MS). Some special diets can actually be harmful because they contain too much of certain vitamins or not enough of others.

Make sure you talk to your doctor before making significant changes to your diet.

Overall, people with MS need a balanced, low-fat and high-fiber diet. Unprocessed or naturally processed foods are preferred to processed foods. This is similar to the Mediterranean diet, and the same healthy diet that’s recommended for the general population. Also consider limiting alcohol as much as possible.

Some research suggests that a diet low in saturated fats and supplemented with omega-3 fatty acids may benefit people with MS. But these results haven’t been confirmed by large-scale studies. However, it’s recommended that people with MS limit animal-based fats. Instead, opt for fish and nut-based fat sources such as olive oil, avocado oil and almond butter, which are rich in omega-3s.

Researchers are also investigating a link between vitamin D and biotin — a form of vitamin B also known as vitamin H — on multiple sclerosis disease activity. These studies are in the very early stages. Still, it’s recommended that people with MS keep vitamin D levels in the upper range of normal.

It’s important for people with MS to make healthy food choices:

• Not getting enough vitamins and minerals can worsen MS symptoms.
• Skipping meals may contribute to low energy levels.
• Some MS symptoms such as depression and MS treatments such as steroids can cause weight gain.
• Weight gain can lead to more health concerns, such as joint stress and cardiac and respiratory problems.
• Alcohol can intensify common MS symptoms, such as imbalance and lack of coordination.

With

Orhun Kantarci, M.D.

• Intermittent fasting
• Mindfulness practice: Can it reduce symptoms of MS?

Dec. 06, 2019

Show references

1. Diet and nutrition. National Multiple Sclerosis Society. http://www.nationalmssociety.org/Living-Well-With-MS/Health-Wellness/Diet-Nutrition. Accessed Dec. 9, 2016.
2. Olek, MJ, et al. Symptom management of multiple sclerosis in adults. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed Dec. 9, 2016.
3. Farinotti M, et al. Dietary interventions for multiple sclerosis. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/wol1/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD004192.pub3/abstract. Accessed Dec. 9, 2016.
4. Take control of your weight. National Multiple Sclerosis Society. https://www.nationalmssociety.org/Living-Well-With-MS/Diet-Exercise-Healthy-Behaviors/Diet-Nutrition/Take-Control-of-Your-Weight. Accessed Dec. 9, 2016.
5. Alcohol. National Multiple Sclerosis Society. http://www.nationalmssociety.org/Living-Well-With-MS/Health-Wellness/Alcohol. Accessed Dec. 14, 2016.
6. Food for thought: MS and nutrition. National Multiple Sclerosis Society. http://www.nationalmssociety.org/NationalMSSociety/media/MSNationalFiles/Brochures/Brochure-Food-for-Thought—MS-and-Nutrition.pdf. Accessed Dec. 14, 2016.
7. Kantarci OH (expert opinion). Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. Sept. 27, 2017.

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Diet & Nutrition | National Multiple Sclerosis Society

Diet is important in MS

Lifestyle factors such as smoking, diet and exercise impact the risk of getting MS and worsening of MS after it is diagnosed.

Diet may impact MS in several possible ways:

• Establishing and maintaining a healthy body weight is associated with decreased risk for MS-related disability and disease activity (e.g., relapses and lesions on MRI)
• Diet has a strong relationship to body weight and the development of cardiovascular (heart and blood vessels) risk factors, such as high blood pressure, high cholesterol and diabetes
  • The presence of cardiovascular risk factors are associated with higher levels of MS-related disability and disease activity
  • Cardiovascular risk factors can lead to other health conditions (i.e., comorbid conditions), such as heart disease and stroke

• Diet affects the composition of the gut microbiome (bacteria that live in the gut) which in turn have important effects on the immune system that may be relevant for MS
• Dietary metabolites (such as vitamins, fatty acids (fat), and amino acids that form proteins) have direct effects on the immune system and the brain

No ‘best diet’ for people living with MS

As of 2020, there is no definitive diet that has been scientifically proven to be beneficial in changing the course of MS. There are serious challenges to conducting dietary research in MS that the MS research community is working hard to address, including through multiple Society-funded research studies. We hope to have more specific advice to offer as more research is completed.

While we do not yet know that a specific diet will help your MS, any positive changes you make towards more healthful habits are likely to help your overall health and well-being and are therefore worthwhile. Most MS experts agree that a healthy diet is an important complement to your MS treatment plan for the long-term health of your nervous system. Some general healthy recommendations agreed upon by health experts include:

• Prepare meals at home as much as possible
• Incorporate colorful fresh fruits and vegetables daily
• If you choose to eat grains, choose whole grains over refined grains
• Avoid/limit processed foods and added sugars as much as possible

Healthy Eating and MS | MyMSTeam

Adopting a healthy diet with multiple sclerosis (MS) is an important part of an overall MS wellness plan. A nutritious, well-balanced diet has the potential to reduce symptoms and improve quality of life, according to the National Multiple Sclerosis Society (NMSS).

Researchers are discovering that a healthy diet can impact energy level, bladder and bowel function, and overall well-being in people with MS. Healthy foods may even be able to change the course of the disease by limiting inflammation that can damage nerves, and promoting nervous system repair. Eating nutritious foods can help prevent other chronic conditions that are common in people with MS, such as high blood pressure and high cholesterol.

People with MS seeking to change their dietary habits to reduce MS symptoms are often at a loss for what to eat. Unlike heart disease and obesity, no single “MS diet” has been scientifically proven to treat or cure MS, nor has the medical community issued standard-of-care dietary guidelines for people with MS.

Current studies of diets thought to have MS benefits – such as plant-based, low saturated fat, Paleo, and Mediterranean regimens – report mixed results. Most diets have not been subjected to rigorous, controlled studies. Some may even make misleading claims, and contain toxic levels of certain nutrients, or dangerously low levels of others. No diet should ever replace clinically proven MS drug therapies.

In the absence of clinical evidence supporting safe and effective MS diets, physicians who specialize in MS recommend following the same low-fat, high-fiber diets the American Heart Association and American Cancer Society suggest for the general population. Those diets include fresh, minimally processed, mostly plant-based foods that are low in saturated fats and high in vitamin D, Omega-3, and Omega-6 fatty acids.

Research studies have identified the possibility of some benefits – better quality of life, lower rates of disability – possibly even fewer relapses and slower disease progression – when people with MS adopt a healthy diet. More research is needed to deepen the scientific understanding of diet’s role in MS. A comprehensive guide from NMSS details the best foods for MS:

• Good fats – Also known as polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fatty acids (PUFA and MUFA), good fats found in fish, walnuts, and flax seeds, olive oil, avocados, and certain nuts can help lower cholesterol. There is also some evidence that these fats may help decrease the severity and duration of MS flares.
• Fatty fish – Certain seafood, including salmon, mackerel, herring, and sardines, are very high in healthy Omega-3 fatty acids and vitamin D.
• Vitamin D-rich foods – There is some evidence that vitamin D may reduce MS symptoms and slow MS progression. More research is needed to understand the role of vitamin D in MS. The nutrient can be found in salmon, sardines, tuna, egg yolks, and mushrooms.
• Lean meats – Chicken, turkey, and lean cuts of beef can help limit the amount of dietary fat consumed each day.
• Plant-based proteins – Nuts and seeds, nut butters, beans, and soy products are some of the richest sources of non-meat protein.
• Whole grains – Oats, brown rice, quinoa and other whole grains can help increase fiber and maintain blood sugar.
• Fresh fruits and vegetables – Eating an assortment of brightly colored produce can also help ease constipation and stabilize blood sugar.
• Hydration – Some people with MS may limit their fluid intake if they have problems with bladder urgency, however this can lead to bladder infections, constipation, and other problems.

Since preparing fresh, healthy foods can be time consuming and hard for people with fatigue and mobility issues, the National MS Society offers tips and tricks for quick and easy meals, cooking ahead, food storage, and grab-and-go snacks.

Foods and MS. Researchers are currently studying the roles of red wine, polyunsaturated fats (PUFA), salt, and gut bacteria on inflammation, which have been shown to increase MS activity in the brain, bones and body. Several studies have also investigated how dietary salt impacts MS disease activity and how eating more fish may decrease the risk of developing MS.

Supplements and MS. Both Vitamin D and Omega-3 fatty acids are being investigated to understand their role in the development and progression of MS. Further research is needed to understand how these supplements could be used in MS treatment. Always speak to your doctor before adding a new dietary supplement. Some supplements can cause dangerous interactions with medication.

Switching to a healthy diet has helped many MyMSTeam members improve their overall well-being. Diets that work for one person, however, may not work for another. Here’s what works for MyMSTeam members:

On MyMSTeam, the social network and online support group for people living with multiple sclerosis, members talk about a range of personal experiences. Making dietary changes as part of an overall MS wellness plan is one of the most popular topics.

Learn more about Wellness and MS. Exercising, addressing related conditions, and finding your new normal can also help improve well-being in people with MS.

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Special diets and MS | Multiple Sclerosis Society UK

If you feel better eating a certain way, it could be a change that works for you. But like any lifestyle change, there’s lots you might want to think about, including:

• What’s the evidence for the diet – are any claims about it’s effects on MS backed up by science?
• Can you still enjoy your food – at home, with others, and if you eat out?
• Is the diet good for you – can you get a proper balance of all the nutrients you need?
• How practical is the diet – does it work with your lifestyle, the time and money you have to spend?

Some special diets recommend changes which could have benefits for overall health, such as reducing saturated fats, or eating more vegetables – both generally recommended as part of a healthy, balanced diet. But they can also include restrictions which might be unhealthy, or make it hard for some people to stick to.

The important thing is to make sure you’re not missing out on the healthy nutrition you need. Speak to your doctor or dietitian before making any major changes, particularly if you have any other health conditions as well as MS.

On this page we look in a bit more detail at:

Paleo diets and the Wahls protocol

Paleo diets are based on foods that are thought to have been common in the Paleolithic era, before humans started farming. So they include meats, fish, nuts, vegetables and fruit. The idea is that our bodies are best adapted to eating these kinds of foods. Paleo diets limit dairy, grains, pulses, potatoes and processed food.

The Wahls diet is based on a Paleo diet, and it’s part of what’s called the Wahls Protocol. This combines the diet with vitamins, meditation, and exercise. There are also newer versions of the Wahls diet, including a ketogenic (keto) diet. The Wahls diet is named after Terry Wahls, an American doctor who has MS.

Do Paleo diets and the Wahls protocol help with MS?

One small but well-designed research study suggests a Wahls diet might help with fatigue. This study also looked at the Swank diet.

Read more about the 2021 research into Wahls and Swank diets

There hasn’t been much research into Paleo diets in general and MS. At the moment, there’s no clear evidence to suggest they have benefits for people with MS.

Are Paleo diets and the Wahls protocol healthy?

Following a Paleo diet wouldn’t generally be considered bad for you, although you’d have to make sure you were getting all the nutrients you need. Current evidence around good diet suggests that we should eat nutritionally balanced diets, so cutting out whole groups of foods like dairy, wholegrains and pulses is restrictive.

Cutting out cereals and dairy could mean you miss out on some B vitamins, vitamin D and calcium. And if you have high energy needs or you’re underweight, excluded foods might make it harder to get the energy you need. The large amounts of meat recommended are higher than current health advice on how much meat you should eat – and could also make it expensive.

The Wahls diet doesn’t completely cut out all of the same foods as other Paleo diets do, but you should still check you get all the nutrients you need.

Intermittent fasting and keto diets

Intermittent fasting puts strict limits on calories some of the time, with the usual calories allowed the rest of the time. For example, it could mean cutting what you eat to just 500 calories for 2 days every week. On the other days, you’d eat your normal amount.

Keto diets (also called ketogenic diets) are low in carbohydrates. The idea is to get more of your calories from fats and protein instead. Intermittent fasting and keto diets stop the body getting energy from its usual carbohydrates, so the body has to work in a different way to make use of fats and protein.

Researchers are interested in these kinds of diet because of the idea that they might reduce inflammation and help protect nerves.

Read our factsheet about fasting for religious or cultural reasons

Do intermittent fasting and keto diets help with MS?

Early studies have suggested intermittent fasting and keto diets might have a positive effect on the immune system and the bacteria in the gut which affect it. But at the moment, there isn’t enough evidence to show they have an effect on people’s MS symptoms or how their MS develops.

Are intermittent fasting and keto diets healthy?

Keto diets don’t provide all the vitamins and minerals we need, without supplements. And intermittent fasting and keto diets can lead to weight loss, so they might not be advised if you’re underweight or have high energy needs.

Serious problems are rare, but the way the body gets energy from keto diets could lead to problems with the pancreas and liver. People fasting or following a keto diet can get headaches, fatigue, feel irritable and dizzy for the first few days.
Intermittent fasting can affect bone density and make menstrual periods irregular.

If you cut down on carbohydrates, your diet will be lower in fibre too. We need fibre for a healthy gut and to avoid constipation. And if your diet is high in fat, this could affect your health in the long term.

The Swank diet

The Swank diet is named after Dr Roy Swank, who developed the diet in the 1940s. It limits the amount of fat you can eat: no more than 15g of saturated fat a day, and between 20-50g of unsaturated fat. It limits your intake of red meat and oily fish, although you can eat as much white fish as you like. The diet also recommends that you take cod liver oil, vitamin C and E supplements and a multi-vitamin and mineral supplement.

Does the Swank diet help with MS?

Some people say that following this diet has made them feel better, and reduced the number of relapses they’ve had. Other people have not had any benefit from following it.

From the research that’s been published, there’s not enough evidence to show this diet can reduce relapses.

One small but well-designed research study in 2021 suggests the Swank diet might help with fatigue. This study also looked at the Wahls diet.

Read more about the 2021 research into Wahls and Swank diets

There have been a few other studies of the Swank diet, but they’ve not generally been well designed. They also had very high drop-out rates, so without knowing what happened to the people who dropped out of the study it’s hard to draw clear conclusions.

Is the Swank diet healthy?

Following the Swank diet or a similar diet would not generally be considered bad for you. Not eating too much saturated fat is widely accepted as good health advice. But cutting down on meat and dairy products to reduce your saturated fat intake might mean you’re not getting enough protein and iron, so you’d need to find alternative sources like fish, beans and pulses.

Cod liver oil has a blood-thinning effect, so it should be taken with caution if you take aspirin or anticoagulant medications such as warfarin, or if you have a bleeding disorder. Cod liver oil also contains high levels of vitamin A, so you shouldn’t take it if you also take supplements containing vitamin A, or if you eat liver regularly. If you have diabetes you should speak to your doctor before taking cod liver oil.

This diet can be low in energy, so you might lose weight. If you have high energy needs or if you are already underweight then it may not be suitable for you.

The Overcoming MS diet

The Overcoming MS (OMS) diet was developed by Dr George Jelinek in 1999 following his own diagnosis with MS. It’s part of a lifestyle programme which includes diet, medication, exercise and meditation.

The OMS diet recommendations are similar to the Swank diet. It advises cutting out dairy and meat, and eating less fat – particularly saturated fat. It also recommends flaxseed oil as an omega 3 supplement and vitamin D supplements if you don’t get out in the sun much.

Does the Overcoming MS diet help with MS?

Research into this diet has not provided conclusive evidence of its benefits. A five-year follow up study showed that people who had followed this diet reported they felt better physically and mentally, but there was a very high drop-out rate. We don’t know what happened to the people who dropped out of the study. This is one of the reasons it’s impossible to draw firm conclusions about the diet.

Research published in 2021 suggests that the similar Swank diet might help with fatigue. 

Is the Overcoming MS diet healthy?

Following the OMS diet isn’t likely to be considered bad for you as long as you’re sure to include the missing nutrients.
You should make sure you’re getting enough protein in your diet, through eating plenty of fish, beans or pulses. If you have high energy needs or you’re underweight, excluded foods might make it harder to get the energy you need.
If you take cod liver oil supplements, you should take the same precautions around that as for the Swank diet.

A Mediterranean diet

A Mediterranean diet is based on foods traditionally eaten in that part of the world.It usually includes a lot of vegetables, fruits, nuts, beans, cereals, grains, fish, and unsaturated fats like olive oil. Regular – but moderate – amounts of red wine are also sometimes recommended. Red meat and dairy are limited, but not cut out completely.

Does a Mediterranean diet help with MS?

There hasn’t been much research into MS and Mediterranean diets in particular, and the small amount of evidence we have doesn’t prove that they affect the course of MS. But they are usually a balanced diet, which can help you stay in the best health possible.

Is a Mediterranean diet healthy?

A Mediterranean diet is usually very similar to the Eatwell Guide that the NHS uses.

The Best Bet diet

The Best Bet diet was developed by Ashton Embry, a geologist whose son has MS. This diet recommends avoiding several different food types, including all dairy, grains and legumes (beans and pulses). It also recommends taking lots of supplements, including calcium and vitamin D.

The diet is based on the assumption that partly digested food protein can pass through from the intestines into the bloodstream. The theory is that certain food proteins are able to activate the immune system because they are similar to immune cells, leading to the symptoms of MS.

Does the Best Bet diet help with MS?

Current research doesn’t support the theory behind the diet, nor does it suggest there is any benefit to cutting out any of these food types completely. This particular diet hasn’t been tested in any research trials, so there is no evidence that it can help manage MS symptoms.

Is the Best Bet diet healthy?

The Best Bet diet restricts a lot of foods and can be low in energy, so it might not be suitable for you if you have high energy needs or if you’re already underweight. It also might not be suitable for vegetarians and vegans, as it cuts out an important source of protein.

You might need very careful planning to manage the restrictions of the diet, and to get all the recommended supplements so you don’t miss out on those nutrients.

The McDougall diet

The McDougall diet is a very low-fat vegan diet. It was inspired by the Swank diet, but it cuts out meat, fish and dairy completely. It’s high in carbohydrates, with lots of whole grain foods, fruit and vegetables.

Does the McDougall diet help with MS?

There’s no research evidence that the McDougall diet has an effect on MS.

Is the McDougall diet healthy?

Because it’s a very low-fat vegan diet, make sure you can find sources of protein and get enough calcium, vitamin B12 and zinc. You might need to take supplements. You could lose weight with this diet, and it might lower cholesterol and blood pressure. If you’re underweight or you’ve got high energy needs, this diet might not be suitable.

Read our diet and nutrition booklet

Multiple Sclerosis Foundation – Eating for Energy

Fatigue is a common – and often debilitating – symptom of MS. It affects us both mentally and physically, interfering with our ability to function and perform basic daily activities. Though an erratic energy supply can be caused by many things, you can give your body every advantage in the fight against fatigue through the energy of food. This includes not only the types of food and drinks we consume but how often we eat and at what time of day.
 
We get energy through fats, carbo-hydrates and protein. Each must be broken down into smaller molecules before our cells can use them, either as a source of power or as building blocks for our bodies.  The energy that comes from that breakdown, or metabolism, allows us to do everything from sitting, reading, and talking to  stretching, walking, and running. Food can have an amazing effect on our body’s stamina, so it’s important to choose our diets wisely. 
 
Step One: What We Eat
 
Carbohydrates are the body’s preferred source of power and the brain’s main source of energy, but we have to be smart about how we use them. Some carbohydrates, such as sugary foods and heavily processed grains, break down in the body very quickly. They often give you an instant energy boost, only to cause a drastic collapse in energy later in the day. Too often, this results in a vicious cycle: you eat more simple carbohydrates to try to keep your energy up, then crash again. Instead, you want to build meals that give you sustained energy. 
 
Combining complex carbohydrates – vegetables, fruits, whole grains and legumes – with protein and a small amount of high-quality fat in every meal and snack will help you maintain a steady energy level throughout the day.  Healthy sources of the fats your body needs include olive oil, nuts, avocado, and fish, such as salmon.  
 
Round out your diet with greens. Remember when you learned about photosynthesis in science class? Chlorophyll is the life force of plants, but our bodies need it, too. Chlorophyll stimulates red blood cell production and helps boost our energy levels. Plants get chlorophyll from the sun, but you can get yours through green leafy vegetables, chlorella, wheat grass, green drinks and spirulina.
 
As a rule, fresh, whole foods will give you the best nutritional value, compared with processed foods or those that are packed with additives. Even when prepared foods are necessary though, you have control over what you buy. Be sure to check labels and read ingredients. Look for low sodium and sugar contents, avoid hydrogenated oils and stay away from foods where the ingredient list is long and full of chemical additives you don’t recognize.
 
Step Two: When We Eat
 
Eating breakfast will help you to make better nutritional choices throughout the day. People who do not eat breakfast play catch-up all day long to satisfy their needs and tend to eat more heavily in the evening. Start the day with one of these balanced meals:
 

• Fruits, nuts, and seeds with a gluten and wheat-free or whole-grain toast and nut butter.
• Try eggs poached, in an omelet with green leafy vegetables, or in a breakfast burrito.
• A hot grain cereal with nuts, seeds, and fruit.
• You might also try protein shakes, left-over dinner from the night before, or yogurt with fruit and nuts.

 
Controlling portion sizes at each meal also plays a role. You need to eat enough calories throughout the day to support your body’s needs. Not eating enough or eating empty calories will sap your energy. The more active you are the more calories you need. But a snack or meal that is too high in calories or fat will slow you down because your body will use energy for digestion.
 
Planning ahead is really helpful. Try to have healthy snacks available to you throughout the day, so that you don’t go for a long period of time without eating. Keep food in your desk drawer at work, in your purse, briefcase, or backpack, and in your car.
 
Step Three: What We Drink
 
Meals give us energy, but did you know that dehydration can be a cause of daytime fatigue? Water also helps to move toxins out of the body. A good rule of thumb is to drink about eight to 10 eight-ounce glasses of water each day. If you are unsure you are drinking enough, check your urine color. It should be a pale-yellow, or straw-colored. If your urine is a dark color, it is a sign that you may not be drinking enough.
 
Many people turn to stimulants such as coffee, caffeinated tea, and soft drinks for instant energy, but that can be a mistake. If you drink caffeine first thing in the morning on an empty stomach it could affect your energy for the rest of the day, and it often leads to drinking more caffeinated beverages or eating simple carbohydrates when your energy crashes. Caffeine can also dehydrate you.
 
If you have to have a cup of coffee in the morning (or three!) try pairing your coffee or caffeinated beverages with a glass of water. Or consider green tea as an alternative. This type of tea is a good antioxidant, contains less caffeine than coffee, and you can even sip it for a few hours. Try it – or any of these nutrition tips – and I bet you’ll feel better all day long.
 
Janeen Goldsmith is a certified nutritional therapist who has focused much of her research on helping people find ways to improve their energy levels. Because she lives with MS, she understands the challenges of struggling with fatigue and an erratic energy supply. As a nutritional therapist, she focuses on how to achieve more vitality and maintain a steady liveliness throughout the day.
 
(Last reviewed 7/2009)

The Best Diet and Foods for Multiple Sclerosis[Slide Show]

Many people living with multiple sclerosis have become discouraged because it seems like no matter what, symptoms just don’t get any better. Then there are the relapses, and symptoms just get worse. Or, even worse yet, new symptoms arrive.

While there’s no cure for MS, yet, there are various choices to make to try and gain some control.

One of these ways revolves around what you choose to eat.

There are many proponents of ‘treating MS’ with certain foods or diets. Most center on the fact that MS is an inflammatory condition; therefore, the recommendation is to stay away from foods which that cause inflammation. Such foods can potentially increase the incidence or severity of MS symptoms, according to Brett Osborn, DO, a board-certified neurological surgeon in West Palm Beach, Fla. (Everyday Health)

Let’s take a few minutes and review some of these diet plans and see if any strike you as something you’re at least willing to try.

Anti-inflammatory foods for MS

In the article, 8 Anti-Inflammatory Foods for Multiple Sclerosis, we learn of ‘easy fixes’ for your MS diet.

Emphasis is put on fatty acids. Quite simply, Omega-3 fatty acids help reduce inflammation while some omega-6 fatty acids promote inflammation. Some studies suggest that elevated intakes of omega-6 fatty acids may play a role in pain, as well.

Unfortunately, the typical American diet tends to contain 14 to 25 times more omega-6 fatty acids than omega-3 fatty acids. (University of Maryland Medical Center)

Again, back to the Everyday Health article, we learn that Omega-3 fatty acids are also shown to be heart-healthy.

To help in the treatment of your MS, ‘fatty’ fish, such as trout, salmon, tuna, and mackerel, etc. are all high in omega-3 fats.

Examples of other foods high in Omega-3’s include fruits, vegetables, turmeric, ginger, avocados, and certain plant-based oils, like flax, rapeseed, soya and walnut.

Since the examples of anti-inflammatory foods listed above is not enough to plan daily menus, we will look to another source for meal examples.

The Overcoming Multiple Sclerosis (MS) Program

Professor George Jelinek, MD, founder of this program, was diagnosed with MS in 1999. After doing intensive research on his disease, his “Overcoming Multiple Sclerosis Recovery Program” (OMS) came into being.

Now, more than 15 years later, it’s still on the table as a viable option for those who choose to become actively involved in fighting their MS.

Aside from the program’s inclusion of exercise, stress management, sunlight, and medication when needed, the core of Dr. Jelinek’s MS program is deciding what you’re going to put into your mouth.

Personal details on Dr. Jelinek

We learn from the OMS site that Dr. Jelinek’s mother also lived with MS. He speaks of his Mom as becoming “totally incapacitated by the disease, and unable to care for herself.”

When the physician learned he also had MS, he decided he would do all he could to stay as active as possible during the years he had left. And thus, his research on MS and diet began.

Dr. Jelinek was a professor in Emergency Medicine and editor-in-chief “of a major medical journal.”

When visiting his site, you will have the opportunity to see the physician face-to-face as he personally shares information about the condition of multiple sclerosis and the OMS program.

Read on to learn more about healthy eating habits with multiple sclerosis.

90,000 Cosmonaut praised the food NASA shared with the Russian ISS crew

https://ria.ru/20210121/mks-1593943877.html

Astronaut praised the food NASA shared with the Russian ISS crew

NASA cosmonaut praised the food shared with the Russian crew of the ISS – RIA Novosti, 21.01.2021

Cosmonaut praised the food that NASA shared with the Russian crew of the ISS

Cosmonaut, Hero of Russia, record holder for the total time spent in space (878 days) Gennady Padalka in a conversation with RIA Novosti called them great… RIA Novosti, 21.01.2021

2021-01-21T07: 33

2021-01-21T07: 33

2021-01-21T07: 33

I want to become a cosmonaut

Gennady podalka

nasa

space – RIA Science

Mission Control Center

International Space Station (ISS)

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MOSCOW, January 21 – RIA Novosti. Cosmonaut, Hero of Russia, record holder for total time spent in space (878 days) Gennady Padalka, in a conversation with RIA Novosti, called excellent American dishes that Russian cosmonauts on the ISS are now forced to eat due to the transfer of the Progress MS-16 cargo spacecraft. At the same time, he clarified that it is impossible to make a choice which rations, Russian or American, are better. In general, according to Padalka, over the two decades of the station’s flight, the crew members had to share food with each other more than once.He also praised NASA’s diets for their variety – Italian, Mexican, Japanese, and other cuisines can be found there. In addition, the Americans originally sent the astronauts many common grocery stores. Until 2009-2010, Russian cosmonauts were fed in orbit only with specialized food from the Biryulevsky Experimental Plant. Earlier, referring to the negotiations of the station’s crew with the Mission Control Center near Moscow, it was reported that the American side had transferred 13 food rations to the cosmonauts.After that, Moskovsky Komsomolets reported that Russian rations remained on the ISS for 14 days and that, in addition to 13 rations, another 60 had been ordered, which would be enough for two Russian cosmonauts for a month. the power supply of the Russian cosmonauts does not raise any questions. “The Russian side asked the American to deliver Russian food on the American ship, but NASA offered to use the available supplies of American food at the station.

https://ria.ru/20210120/kosmos-1593905900.html

https://ria.ru/20210113/kosmos-1592866406.html

RIA Novosti

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2021

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News

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RIA Novosti

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MIA

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gennady padalka, nasa, space – ria nauka, mission control center, international space station (iss)

Food in German – German online

Food is very important, so be sure to learn this list of German words. Here you will find the most important food names in German.

Useful: German food cards

das Lebensmittel / Nahrungsmittel – food

die Lebensmittel / Nahrungsmittel – food

das Getränk (-e) – alcoholic drink

alkoholische soft drinks, soft drinks

Den Gästen wurden verschiedene Getränke serviert – Various drinks were served to the guests.

das Wasser – water
die Milch – milk
der Saft – juice
der Tee – tea
der Alkohol – alcohol

das Brot – bread

schwarzes Brot – black bread

weiches Brot – soft bread

frisches Brot – fresh bread

trockenes Brot – dry, stale bread

hartes Brot – stale bread

Brot essen – eat bread

Brot kaufen – buy bread

Brot schneiden – cut bread

Brot mit Butter – bread butter

das Toastbrot, der Toast – toast
das Brötchen – bun
das Baguette – baguette
das Hörnchen – bagel
das Zwieback – biscuit

das Ei – egg
potatoes
Kartoffel (nude) – die Nude der Reis – rice
der Pilz – mushroom

das Fleisch – meat

frisches Fleisch – fresh meat

hartes Fleisch – tough meat

weiches Fleisch – soft meat

mageres Fleisch – lean meat

gekochtes Fleisch – boiled meat

ein schönes Stück Fleisch – a good piece of meat

zwei Kilo Fleisch – two kilos (grams) of meat

– buy, sell, eat meat

Fleisch mögen – love meat

er mag kein Fleisch – he doesn’t like meat

Fleisch schneiden, klopfen, kochen – cut, beat, cook meat

(das) Fleisch schmeckt gut – meat Die Wurst – sausage

der Schinken – ham, ham
die Salami – salami

der Fisch – fish
das Fischstäbchen – fish stick

das Gemüse – fresh vegetables

frisches – fresh vegetables

frisches – good Gemütes

frisches vegetables

gekochtes Gemüse – boiled vegetables

Gemüse waschen, kochen, kaufen, essen – wash, cook, buy, eat vegetables

Fleisch mit Kartoffeln und Gemüse – meat with potatoes and vegetables

sie mag Gemüse – she loves vegetables

das Gemüse schmeckt gut – delicious vegetables

das Gemüse schmeckt ihm nicht – he doesn’t like vegetables 9000 Tomate 9000 Gurke – cucumber
die Zucchini – squash
die Paprika – chilli
die Möhre (n) – carrots
der Blumenkohl – cauliflower
das Grünzeug – greens
dieh Zwiebel – onions
der Knoblauch

die Erbse – peas
die Linse – lentils

das Obst – fruits, fruits

Obst einkochen – cook jam or fruit compote

Obst einlegen – 1) pickle fruits 2) preserve fruits

– apple

die Birne – pear
die Banane – banana
die Kiwi – kiwi
der Pfirsich – peach
die Mandarine – mandarin 90 127 die Aprikose – apricot
die Melone – watermelon
die Weintraube (n) – grapes
die Erdbeere – strawberries
die Himbeere – raspberries
die Kirsche – cherries
die Zitrone – lemon
die Rosine (n) – raisins

die Nuss – walnut
die Mandel – almonds

die Chips – chips
das Müsli – muesli
die Cornflakes – cornflakes

der Keks – cake
der Kuchen – cake
die Torte – cake
das (Speise-) ice cream
Eis – die Schokolade – chocolate

der Honig – honey
der Mus – puree
die Marmelade – jam
die Konfitüre – confiture

der Pudding – pudding
der Joghurt – yoghurt
der Quark 90 Sah7 sah7 – diene – sour cream

der Käse – cheese
der Frischkäse – young, unripe cheese
der Schmelzkäse – processed cheese

der Ketchup – ketchup
der Senf – mustard
die Mayonnaise – mayonnaise
die Soße – sauce

der Speck – lard
die Butter – butter
die Margarine – margarine
das Öl – vegetable oil
der Essig – vinegar

das Salz – salt
der Pfeffer – pepper
der Zucker – sugar
der Zimt
Mehl – flour
der Grieß – semolina

And a little more about food in German :

das Essen – food, food, nutrition

gutes, schlechtes Essen – good, bad food

(das) Essen machen [ kochen] – cook food

das Essen wird kalt – food cools down

wie schmeckt Ihnen das Essen? – how do you like the food?

das Essen schmeckt gut – delicious food

das Essen auf den Tisch bringen – bring food to the table

das Essen steht schon auf dem Tisch – food is already on the table

das Essen ist schon / bald fertig – food is ready / will be ready soon

beim Essen – at the table, at food, while eating

vom Essen aufstehen – get up from the table

die Familie wartete auf den Vater mit dem Essen – the family was waiting for their father and did not start eating [not started eating]

er ist zum Essen gegangen – he went to lunch

ein Essen geben – to give a dinner in honor of someone

zum Essen einladen – to invite someone to dinner

er hat seine Kollegen zum Essen eingeladen – he invited his colleagues [co-workers] to lunch

The world’s first film crew approved for a flight to ISS

Photo: Shutterstock

Author:
Victoria Egorova

Roscosmos has approved a film crew for the flight to the International Space Station (ISS), which includes actress Yulia Peresild, director Klim Shipenko and cosmonaut Anton Shkaplerov. About it
Vedomosti reports.

The film crew will fly into orbit to shoot the first feature film, tentatively titled Challenge. The composition of the main and backup crews of the Soyuz MS-19 manned transport vehicle was approved by the State Commission for Flight Testing of Manned Space Complexes. In addition, the readiness of the Soyuz-2.1a launch vehicle and ground infrastructure for the upcoming launch under the ISS program was confirmed.

The launch of the Soyuz-2.1a carrier rocket with the Soyuz MS-19 manned spacecraft will take place tomorrow, October 5, from the Baikonur cosmodrome, and the docking with the Russian segment of the ISS will take place two orbits after entering the target orbit. According to the plan, the duration of the ISS-66 crew’s work is 174 days. The approximate duration of the work of space flight participants on the ISS is at least 12 days, according to representatives of the state corporation.

All candidates selected for the film crew underwent special training for space flight participants.The competition for the lead role in the film was announced in November 2020. In March, 20 finalists were selected. Based on the results of medical and creative selection, it was recommended to appoint Yulia Peresild and Klim Shipenko to the prime crew. The backup crew includes actress Alena Mordovina, cameraman Alexei Dudin and cosmonaut Oleg Artemiev.

The feature film Challenge is a project of Channel One, Roscosmos and the Yellow, Black and White studio. This is part of a scientific and educational project in which it is planned to shoot a series of documentaries about enterprises in the rocket and space industry.

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