Headache and Nausea: Causes and Treatment

SOURCES:

National Headache Foundation: “American Migraine Study II: A Ten Year Report Card on the State of Migraine,” “Migraine,” “Menstrual Migraine,” “Glaucoma.”

American Academy of Family Physicians, familydoctor.org: “Headaches,” “Management of Cluster Headache,” “Food Poisoning.”

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, womenshealth.gov: “Migraine.”

Vestibular Disorders Association: “Vestibular migraine.”

American Hearing Research Foundation: “Migraine Associated Vertigo.”

American Headache Society: “Migraine Variants in Children.”

National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse: “Cyclic vomiting syndrome.”

WebMD Medical Reference: “Nausea medications for migraines and headaches.”

News release, FDA.

Mayo Clinic: “Cluster headache,” “Hangovers,” “Anxiety disorders,” “Chronic kidney disease,” “Depression (major depressive disorder),” “Nicotine (Inhalation Route),” “Strep throat,” “Stress management,” “Tonsillitis,” “Hyperglycemia in diabetes,” “Hypertensive crisis: What are the symptoms?” “Preeclampsia,” “Hyponatremia. ”

Alcohol Health & Research World: “Treatment of Alcohol Withdrawal.”

Brain Aneurysm Foundation: “Warning Signs/Symptoms.”

University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences: “TRIUMPH Traumatic Brain Injury Guidelines.”

Cancer.net: “Brain Tumor: Symptoms and Signs.”

News Release, Johns Hopkins Medicine.

American College of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology: “Allergy Headaches.”

National Health Service: “Hepatitis A.”

National Kidney Foundation: “3 Early Warning Signs of Kidney Disease.”

The Migraine Trust: “Hypoglycaemia.”

CDC: “Malaria,” “Yellow Fever,” “Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), “Scarlet Fever: All You Need to Know,” “Anthrax,” “Ebola (Ebola Virus Disease),” “Carbon Monoxide Poisoning,” “West Nile Virus.”

American Migraine Foundation: “Menstrual Migraine,” “Pregnancy Often Leads to Changes in Migraines.”

University of Rochester Medical Center: “Headaches in Early Pregnancy.”

Anxiety and Depression Association of America: “Headaches. ”

Primary Care Companion: Journal of Clinical Psychiatry: “The Link Between Depression and Physical Symptoms.”

Johns Hopkins Medicine: “Conditions We Treat: Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV),” “Shigella Infections.”

Northwell Health: “Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS).”

National Capital Poison Control Center: “Food Poisoning.”

StatPearls: “Malignant Hypertension.”

NHS inform: “Labyrinthitis.”

Nemours/KidsHealth: “Encephalitis.”

National Organization for Rare Disorders: “Colorado Tick Fever,” “Toxic Shock Syndrome,” “Dengue Fever.”

Medline Plus: “Polio and Post-Polio Syndrome.”

Fairview Health Services: “Black Widow Spider Bite.”

European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology: “ESHRE Guideline for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Endometriosis.”

Cleveland Clinic: “Altitude Sickness,” “Acoustic Neuroma.”

Medscape: “Leptospirosis.”

Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia: “Fifth Disease. ”

National Health Service (U.K.): “Addison’s disease.”

Cedars-Sinai: “HELLP Syndrome.”

Victoria State Government Better Health Channel: “Kidneys – medullary cystic kidney disease.”

UpToDate: “Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): Clinical features.”

Acute Pancreatitis | Cedars-Sinai

Not what you’re looking for?

What is acute pancreatitis?

Your
pancreas is a hardworking organ. It makes enzymes that help you digest food. It also
makes insulin to keep your blood sugar levels under control. Pancreatitis is an
inflammation of your pancreas. This can be very painful. You may also have nausea,
vomiting, and fever. Acute pancreatitis is an emergency that needs care right away.
Acute pancreatitis is common and becoming more common.

What causes acute pancreatitis?

Among the many possible causes of acute pancreatitis are:

• Alcohol
  consumption
• Gallstones
• Genetic
  abnormalities of the pancreas
• High
  levels of triglycerides, a type of cholesterol
• Very
  high levels of calcium
• Infections
• Medicines
• Toxins
• Trauma
  or injury

Who is at risk for acute pancreatitis?

Anyone can develop acute pancreatitis. But certain people have a higher risk:

• People who have gallbladder disease
• People who drink a lot of alcohol

What are the symptoms of acute pancreatitis?

Symptoms of acute pancreatitis are:

• Fever
• Nausea
• Pain that follows a meal
• Pain that seems to move into other parts of your body, for example, from your upper
  abdomen to your back, chest, flanks, or lower abdomen
• Pain
  that may be eased somewhat if you lean forward over your knees
• Severe
  upper abdominal pain, which may come on slowly or quickly
• Throwing up, but without feeling better afterward

How is acute pancreatitis diagnosed?

To make a diagnosis, your healthcare provider will consider:

• Your overall health and medical history
• Your
  symptoms, including where the pain is, how intense it is, and when and how it
  started
• A physical exam
• Lab
  blood tests. Enzymes from the pancreas are often higher than normal.
• The
  results of imaging tests such as abdominal CT scan, ultrasound, and MRI

How is acute pancreatitis treated?

Treatment will depend on your symptoms, age, and general health. It will also depend
on
how severe the condition is.

You
may need a hospital stay for acute pancreatitis. Treatment may include:

• A
  procedure to remove a gallstone that’s blocking the bile duct from the pancreas
• Counseling, treatment, and therapy to quit drinking alcohol, if needed
• Limiting food and drink through your mouth to give your pancreas a chance to get
  better
• Medicines for pain
• Oxygen
• Fluids through a catheter into your
  vein
• A feeding tube to provide
  nutrition
• Surgery
  to take out your gallbladder, if needed
• Surgery, if needed, to remove damaged tissues

What are possible complications of
acute pancreatitis?

Complications are problems caused by your condition. They may include:

• Another
  acute pancreatitis episode
• Development of a pancreatic pseudocyst (a fluid-filled sac)
• Infections
• Kidney
  failure
• Lung
  failure
• Shock
• Chronic
  (long-term) pancreatitis
• Death from multiple organs failing

Can acute pancreatitis be prevented?

Depending on the cause of your acute pancreatitis, your healthcare provider might
recommend these steps to help you prevent another event:

• Not
  drinking alcohol at all
• Making
  lifestyle changes or taking medicine to lower your triglyceride level
• Removing your gallbladder if a gallstone caused your condition

Living with acute pancreatitis

Follow your healthcare provider’s recommendations for taking care of yourself after
you’ve had acute pancreatitis. This might mean:

• Not
  drinking alcohol
• Stopping
  smoking
• Eating
  differently
• Reducing
  triglycerides through diet, exercise, weight loss, and medicines
• Getting
  your blood sugar levels tested regularly
• Having
  more surgery or treatment to reduce your risk

When should I call my healthcare
provider?

Seek
care right away if you have the symptoms of acute pancreatitis, especially severe
abdominal pain, vomiting, and fever.

Key points about acute
pancreatitis

• Acute pancreatitis is a medical emergency.  
• Gallstones, alcohol consumption, certain medicines, injury, infection, and genetic
  problems can cause acute pancreatitis.
• Symptoms
  include upper abdominal pain, pain after eating, nausea, and fever.
• You may
  need to be hospitalized to treat acute pancreatitis.
• Treatment includes oxygen, medicines, and possibly surgery.

Next steps

Tips to help you get the most from a visit to your healthcare provider:

• Know the reason for your visit and what you want to happen.
• Before your visit, write down questions you want answered.
• Bring someone with you to help you ask questions and remember what your healthcare
  provider tells you.
• At the
  visit, write down the name of a new diagnosis and any new medicines, treatments, or
  tests. Also write down any new instructions your healthcare provider gives you.
• Know
  why a new medicine or treatment is prescribed and how it will help you. Also know
  what the side effects are.
• Ask if your condition can be treated in other ways.
• Know why a test or procedure is recommended and what the results could mean.
• Know what to expect if you do not take the medicine or have the test or procedure.
• If you have a follow-up appointment, write down the date, time, and purpose for that
  visit.
• Know how you can contact your healthcare provider if you have questions.

Medical Reviewer: Jen Lehrer MD

Medical Reviewer: Ronald Karlin MD

Medical Reviewer: Raymond Kent Turley BSN MSN RN

© 2000-2021 The StayWell Company, LLC. All rights reserved. This information is not intended as a substitute for professional medical care. Always follow your healthcare professional’s instructions.

Not what you’re looking for?

Vertigo (Unknown Cause)

Vertigo is a false feeling of motion. You aren’t moving, but it feels as if you are. This feeling can be caused by problems in the inner ear. In addition to helping with hearing, the inner ear is part of the balance center of your body. When something affects the balance center, you can have vertigo. Often it feels as if you or the room are spinning. A vertigo attack may cause sudden nausea, vomiting, and heavy sweating. Severe vertigo causes a loss of balance and can make you fall. During vertigo, small head movements and changes in body position will often make the symptoms worse. You may also have ringing in the ears (tinnitus).

An episode of vertigo may last seconds, minutes, or hours. Once you are over the first episode, it may never come back. But symptoms may return off and on. Often your provider will have you do certain head and body movements in the office to treat your vertigo.

The cause of your vertigo is not yet known. Possible causes of vertigo include:

• Inner ear inflammation

• Disease of the nerves to the inner ear

• Movement of calcium particles in the inner ear

• Poor blood flow to the balance centers of the brain

• Migraine headaches

• In older adults, the use of more than one medicine along with some health conditions

Home care

• If symptoms are severe, rest quietly in bed. Change positions very slowly. There is often one position that will feel best. This may be lying on one side or lying on your back with your head slightly raised on pillows. Until you have no symptoms, you are at a higher risk of falling. Let someone help you when you get up. Get rid of home hazards such as loose electrical cords and throw rugs. Don’t walk in unfamiliar areas that are not lighted. Use night-lights in bathrooms and kitchens.

• Don’t drive a car or work with dangerous machinery until symptoms have been gone for at least 1 week.

• Take medicine as prescribed to ease your symptoms. Unless another medicine was prescribed for symptoms of nausea, vomiting, and dizziness, you may use over-the-counter motion sickness pills. If you have any questions about an over-the-counter medicine or its side effects, talk with your healthcare provider or pharmacist before taking it.

Follow-up care

Follow up with your healthcare provider or as directed. If you are referred to a specialist or for testing, make the appointment right away.

When to get medical advice

Call your healthcare provider if you have any of the following:

• Fever of 100.4°F (38ºC) or higher, or as directed by your healthcare provider

• Vertigo gets worse or is not controlled by prescribed medicine 

• Repeated vomiting that doesn’t stop after taking prescribed medicine 

• Severe headache

• Confusion

• Weakness of an arm, leg, or one side of the face

• Trouble with speech or vision

Call

911

Call 911 if any of these occur:

When You Are Sick – COVID-19 Checklist

COVID-19 Checklist for When You Are Sick

Responding to COVID-19

If you develop the below symptoms consistent with COVID-19, or other symptoms that are severe or concerning, call your healthcare provider for medical advice.

Always call 911 if you have a medical emergency. Notify the operator if you have, or think you might have, COVID-19.

You may have COVID-19 if you have:

• Fever or chills.
• A cough.
• Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing.
• Fatigue
• Muscle or body aches.
• Headache.
• Sore throat.
• Loss of taste or smell.
• Congestion or runny nose.
• Nausea or vomiting.
• Diarrhea.

Symptoms may be mild to severe and may appear two to 14 days after exposure to the virus.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has a “self-checker” tool to help you make decisions about seeking appropriate medical care. You can find it here: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/symptoms-testing/index.html.

If you are sick with COVID-19 or suspect you have COVID-19, you should:

• Stay home except to get medical care. People who are mildly ill with COVID-19 are able to recover at home but should not leave or visit public areas.
   
• Keep in touch with your doctor. Call before you get medical care. Be sure to get care if you feel worse or you think it is an emergency. Avoid using public transportation, ride-sharing, or taxis.
   
• Separate yourself from other people in your home. As much as possible, stay in a specific “sick room.” Use a separate bathroom, if available. Limit contact with pets and animals; there have not been reports of pets or other animals becoming sick with COVID-19, it is recommended that people with the virus limit contact with animals; it appears COVID-19 can spread from people to animals in some situations.
   
• If you have a medical appointment, call your doctor’s office or emergency department, and tell them you have or may have COVID-19.
   
• Wear a cloth covering over your nose and mouth (unless you have trouble breathing) if you must be around other people or animals, including pets, even at home. You don’t need to wear the cloth face covering if you are alone. Never put masks on children 2 or younger or people who cannot remove them on their own.
   
• Try to stay at least 6 feet away from other people, even at home.

• Follow the additional prevention tips in the graphic below; especially, cover coughs and sneezes, wash hands often, and avoid touching your face with unwashed hands.

• Do not share dishes, drinking glasses, cups, eating utensils, towels, or bedding with other people in your home. Wash thoroughly after use.

• Clean and disinfect high-touch surfaces in your “sick room” and bathroom every day with household cleaners and disinfectants, using as directed on the label; ask someone else to clean and disinfect high-touch surfaces in other areas of the home. Clean and disinfect areas that may have blood, stool, or body fluids on them.

• Monitor your symptoms and seek medical care if they are worsening (for example, if you have difficulty breathing). Call the doctor or emergency department before going.
   
• If you develop emergency warning signs for COVID-19 get medical attention immediately. Emergency warning signs include* the following:

1. Difficulty breathing or shortness of breath.
2. Persistent pain or pressure in the chest.
3. New confusion or inability to arouse.
4. Bluish lips or face.

*This list is not all inclusive. Please consult your medical provider for any other symptoms that are severe or concerning.

• If you waiting for test results and have symptoms or suspect you were exposed to someone with COVID-19, you should stay home and follow the recommendations found in “Waiting for and Receiving COVID-19 Test Results.”

Use current CDC criteria to determine when you can stop isolating and leave home. As of July 17, guidelines are as follows.

• If you are waiting for test results and have symptoms or suspect you were exposed to someone with COVID-19, you should stay home and follow the recommendations found in the CDC’s “Isolate if You Are Sick” guidance.
   
• Use current CDC criteria to determine when you can stop isolating and leave home. Guidelines are as follows.
   
  • If you have symptoms, whether you have or have not been tested, stay home until:
  • If you have no symptoms and lab-confirmed COVID-19, stay home until:
     
    • At least 10 days have passed since the date of your first positive test. However, if you develop symptoms in that time period, refer instead to the criteria for people with symptoms (above).

If you are severely immunocompromised, consult with your healthcare provider to determine if a longer timeframe may be recommended.

• Always follow the guidance of your healthcare provider and local health department. 

Updated Nov. 2, 2020.

For answers to your COVID-19 questions, call 1-833-4-ASK-ODH (1-833-427-5634).

Your mental health is just as important as your physical health. If you or a loved one are experiencing anxiety related to the coronavirus pandemic, help is available 24 hours a day, seven days a week. Call the COVID-19 CareLine at 1-800-720-9616.

Protect yourself and others from COVID-19 by taking these precautions.

• Stay home except for work or other needs
• Wear a face covering when going out
• Practice social distancing of at least 6 feet from others
• Shop at non-peak hours.
• Wash hands often with water and soap (20 seconds or longer)
• Avoid touching your eyes, nose, mouth with unwashed hands or after touching surfaces
• Cover your mouth with a tissue or sleeve when coughing or sneezing
• Clean and disinfect “high-touch” surfaces often
• Don’t work when sick
• Call before visiting your doctor

If you have questions regarding Coronavirus/COVID-19 please call 1-833-4-ASK-ODH (1-833-427-5634)

CLEAN ALL “HIGH-TOUCH” SURFACES EVERY DAY

High touch surfaces include counters, tabletops, doorknobs, bathroom fixtures, toilets, phones, keyboards, tablets, and bedside tables. Also, clean any surfaces that may have blood, stool, or body fluids on them. Use a household cleaning spray or wipe according to the label instructions. Labels contain instructions for safe and effective use of the cleaning product including precautions you should take when applying the product, such as wearing gloves and making sure you have good ventilation during use of the product.

Click the “Download” Button to view this resource in PDF format.  

What are the symptoms of acute gastritis?

Author

Sarah El-Nakeep, MD Associate Professor, Gastroentrology and Hepatology Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Egypt

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Specialty Editor Board

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD Adjunct Assistant Professor, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy; Editor-in-Chief, Medscape Drug Reference

Disclosure: Received salary from Medscape for employment. for: Medscape.

Chief Editor

BS Anand, MD Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Baylor College of Medicine

BS Anand, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases, American College of Gastroenterology, American Gastroenterological Association, American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Additional Contributors

Vincent W Yang, MD, PhD Simons Chair of Medicine, Professor, Departments of Medicine and Physiology and Biophysics, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University

Vincent W Yang, MD, PhD is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American Gastroenterological Association, American Society for Clinical Investigation, Association of American Physicians

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Waqar A Qureshi, MD, FRCP(UK), FACP, FACG, FASGE Professor of Medicine, Chief of Endoscopy, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Baylor College of Medicine

Waqar A Qureshi, MD, FRCP(UK), FACP, FACG, FASGE is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Gastroenterology, American College of Physicians, American Gastroenterological Association, American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Gwendolyn Sarver 

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Mohammad Wehbi, MD Associate Professor of Medicine, Associate Program Director, Department of Gastroenterology, Emory University School of Medicine; Section Chief of Gastroenterology, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center

Mohammad Wehbi, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Physicians, American Gastroenterological Association, American Medical Association

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Kamil Obideen, MD Assistant Professor of Medicine, Division of Digestive Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine; Consulting Staff, Division of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center

Kamil Obideen, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Gastroenterology, American Gastroenterological Association, American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Sunil Dacha, MBBS, MD House Staff, Division of Digestive Disease, Emory University School of Medicine

Sunil Dacha, MBBS, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Gastroenterology, American College of Physicians, American Gastroenterological Association, American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Acknowledgements

Nicole M Griglione, MD Fellow in Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine

webmd.com”>Nicole M Griglione, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Medical Association and Illinois State Medical Society

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Richard H Snyder, MD Vice-Chair, Program Director, Department of Medicine, Norfolk General Hospital; Clinical Associate Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, East Virginia Medical School

Richard H Snyder, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Physicians

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

2 Neck Pain Symptoms That Require Immediate Medical Attention

Neck pain is not typically a cause for panic, as you can treat many symptoms with simple measures such as rest, stretching, ice/heat therapy, over-the-counter medications, and ergonomics. However, there are some instances of neck pain when you should seek medical attention immediately. Here are two:

See All About Neck Pain

1. Stiff neck with a severe headache or fever

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Having a stiff neck and flu-like symptoms could be a sign of meningitis, a serious condition that occurs when the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord become infected and inflamed.

If your neck is stiff, and you also have a fever and/or an especially painful headache, you could have meningitis.

See When Neck Stiffness May Mean Meningitis

Meningitis, in its most dangerous form, is a bacterial infection that causes inflammation in the brain and spinal cord. Early warning signs of meningitis may include a fever (high body temperature, chills, body aches), an intense headache, and an inability to flex the neck forward. A stiff neck doesn’t always occur when meningitis is present, so look for other possible symptoms, such as nausea, vomiting, and increased sensitivity to sound or light.

See How Meningitis Causes Neck Pain and Stiffness

Meningitis symptoms usually develop within a few days of exposure. Getting meningitis treated early is critical; delaying treatment poses a severe risk for hearing loss, brain damage, and even death.

Experiencing a stiff neck, fever, and bad headache all at once doesn’t always signal meningitis, but if you display these symptoms, it is recommended you visit a doctor right away.

See When Is a Stiff Neck Serious?

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2. Neck pain with persistent arm/hand numbness or weakness

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Cervical radiculopathy occurs when a nerve root in the cervical spine is compressed, inflamed, or damaged. Symptoms of cervical radiculopathy include tingling, numbness, and/or weakness in the areas served by the affected nerve root.

Do you have neck pain that radiates to your shoulder, arm, or finger with a pins-and-needles, weakening, or numbing sensation? These symptoms may suggest cervical radiculopathy.

See What Is Cervical Radiculopathy?

Cervical radiculopathy means that a nerve root in your cervical spine is compressed, inflamed, or damaged. The issue most often occurs because of a nearby bone spur or herniated disc that is caused by degenerative changes in your neck. Less commonly, cervical radiculopathy indicates an infection or tumor.

See Cervical Radiculopathy Causes and Risk Factors

Cervical radiculopathy pain typically is felt in just one side of the body. The pain may also take on a burning or shock-like quality, and your grip may feel weaker. Your reflexes may also be affected.

See Cervical Radiculopathy Symptoms

If you show cervical radiculopathy symptoms, see your doctor. He or she may perform a physical examination, review your medical history, and possibly conduct imaging studies or other advanced diagnostic tests.

See Diagnosing Cervical Radiculopathy

These two examples don’t form a comprehensive list, as other neck pain symptoms may require immediate medical attention. You should also seek urgent care if your neck pain is accompanied by problems with coordination or bowel/bladder control.

See Neck Pain Symptoms

When in doubt, call your doctor to see if troubling signs or symptoms need to be checked. Getting an accurate diagnosis early may lead to more effective treatments and better outcomes.

See Diagnosing Neck Pain

Learn more:

How Does Severe Neck Pain Develop?

Stiff Neck Symptoms and Causes Animation

9 Symptoms You Should Never Ignore

 From the Respiratory Staff at Corner Medical

Pain, fever, shortness of breath — when are these a temporary bother or something much worse?

By  Beth Howard

You wake up one morning with a fever. Or maybe you have a really bad neck ache. How do you know if a symptom is serious or not? “The things that we doctors are most concerned about are new symptoms that develop quickly, rather than things that develop over a long period of time,” says Keith L. Black, M.D., chair of neurosurgery at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles.

Another warning sign? That uh-oh feeling that tells you something’s not quite right. “You know your body best,” says Len Lichtenfeld, M.D., deputy chief medical officer at the American Cancer Society. “When you see or feel something different or just feel ‘off,’ pay attention; don’t dismiss it.”

Here are nine symptoms and what they might mean.

1. Sudden Intense Headache

The big worries: If you experience head pain unlike any you’ve had before, especially if it peaks in seconds to minutes in any part of the head, it could signal a ruptured aneurysm, a blood vessel in your brain that suddenly bursts, requiring immediate attention.

In addition, your doctor will want to rule out three other conditions:

1. Cardiac cephalgia: A rare disorder in which reduced blood supply to the heart manifests as a headache and can also cause chest pain and exhaustion with exertion.
2. Meningitis: A headache often accompanied by a stiff neck, fever and confusion or other changes in mental status.
3. Temporal Arteritis: A rare illness in which a person’s immune cells invade the walls of the arteries that carry blood to the head, causing headache, low-grade fever or pain upon speaking or chewing. “The reason temporal arteritis is such a concern is that it can result in the temporary or permanent loss of vision in one or both eyes,” says Brian Grosberg, M.D., codirector of the Montefiore Headache Center in the Bronx, New York. Steroids usually take care of the problem if treatment is prompt.

What else it might be: Shingles can cause pain in the forehead before the notorious skin reaction (shingles is a painful flare-up of the herpes zoster virus that lies dormant in anyone who’s had chicken pox). Contrary to common belief, sudden severe headaches are unlikely to be a sign of a brain tumor. Rather, research shows that two-thirds of patients diagnosed with a brain tumor experienced tension headaches — dull, achy or pressure-like pain — that steadily worsened over a period of weeks to months.

2. Chest Pain

The big worries: Any intense discomfort, heaviness or pressure — like an elephant sitting on your chest — could spell heart attack. It may be combined with pain radiating down an arm, nausea and vomiting, sweating, and shortness of breath. Women can experience more subtle symptoms, like fatigue, a burning sensation or upper abdominal pain. In any case, call 911. “If it is a heart attack, a delay could cause the heart muscle to be damaged,” says Eric Topol, M.D., a cardiologist at the Scripps Clinic in La Jolla, California. If these symptoms occur only during exertion, it could also be angina, which happens when the heart muscle temporarily doesn’t get enough blood.

Sudden severe chest or upper-back pain (often described as a ripping sensation) can be caused by a tear in the aorta, known as aortic dissection, which requires immediate attention. Fortunately, this life-threatening condition occurs in only about three out of 100,000 people.

What else it might be: “Perhaps 10 to 20 percent of cases of intense chest pain are due not to heart trouble but to gastroesophageal reflux disease [GERD],” says Topol. Rarely, it could also signal esophageal spasm, an abnormal contraction of the muscles in the esophagus, which carries food from the throat to the stomach. Both conditions can be treated with medications, but it’s always wise to go to the ER: “It’s a heart attack or angina until proven otherwise,” Topol says.

3. Unexplained Weight Loss

The big worries: Losing more than 5 percent of your body weight — without trying — over a period of six months could mean cancer: Weight loss is a symptom in up to 36 percent of cancers in older people. “If you or a family member is suddenly losing weight after trying 400 times before, you have to ask, ‘Why is this time the charm?’ ” says Lichtenfeld.

What else it might be: Endocrine disorders are a common cause of unintentional weight loss. Of those with an endocrine disorder (especially hyperthyroidism, an overactive thyroid), up to 11 percent experience weight loss. The condition also triggers restlessness, sweating, increased appetite and difficulty concentrating.

If your weight loss is accompanied by extreme thirst or hunger, fatigue and frequent urination, it could be a sign of diabetes.

Gastrointestinal conditions like inflammatory bowel disease and celiac disease cause weight loss as well — in addition to symptoms such as diarrhea and abdominal pain.

Depression and other psychiatric conditions could be to blame, too. “Decreased appetite and weight loss are very common symptoms of depression,” says Susan G. Kornstein, M.D., professor of psychiatry and obstetrics/gynecology at Virginia Commonwealth University. “But patients with unexplained weight loss should undergo a workup to rule out general medical causes.”

4. Unusual Bleeding

The big worries: Ulcers and colon cancer can cause rectal bleeding or black or tarry stools, says Andres Pardo-Agila, M. D., a family medicine physician at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston. If you haven’t had a colonoscopy recently, talk to your physician. Vaginal bleeding can be linked to gynecologic cancers. Bloody vomit can result from stomach or esophageal cancer, and people with lung cancer can cough up blood. “Whenever you see blood where it shouldn’t be, see a doctor,” says Lichtenfeld.

What else it might be: Blood in the stool may be due to hemorrhoids, while blood in the urine may be the result of a bladder or kidney infection. Vaginal bleeding long after menopause may be due to the growth of benign polyps or fibroids. Vomiting blood can result from a tear in the blood vessels or an ulcer in the stomach or esophagus. And coughing up blood can happen with noncancerous conditions, like bronchitis, pneumonia or tuberculosis. “There are many common reasons for seeing blood where you don’t expect it, but it still has to be checked out and treated,” Lichtenfeld advises.

5. High or Persistent Fever

The big worries: Fever is your body’s way of fighting infection. But “fever of 103 degrees and higher warrants a trip to the doctor — period,” says David Bronson, M.D., president of the American College of Physicians. It may indicate a urinary tract infection, pneumonia, endocarditis (inflammation of the lining of the heart chambers and valves) or meningitis, which may require antibiotics to clear up. A persistent low-grade fever — for several weeks — with no obvious cause is characteristic of some infections, including a sinus infection, and some cancers, like lymphoma and leukemia. “Cancer is on the list of things we think about, but it is usually not the first thing,” says Ronan Factora, M.D., a geriatrician at the Cleveland Clinic in Ohio.

What else it might be: Fever can be triggered by a virus, which, depending on your health and other symptoms, may require hospitalization.

6. Shortness of Breath

The big worries: Sudden shortness of breath can indicate a pulmonary embolism — when a blood clot forms in the body’s deep veins (usually in the legs), travels to the lungs and gets lodged in the lung’s blood vessels. Suspect an embolism if you’ve recently traveled, have undergone surgery or have been immobile, and/or your shortness of breath is accompanied by chest pain and coughing up blood. If you find yourself gasping after climbing two or three stairs or getting tired sooner than you used to, doctors will want to rule out chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), especially if it’s accompanied by a cough and fatigue and you have a history of smoking. Irregular heart rhythm, congestive heart failure and other types of heart disease are additional possibilities. When organs aren’t getting enough oxygen, breathlessness can result. See a doctor — stat.

What else it might be: Shortness of breath can occur with asthma, bronchitis or pneumonia. You can also experience shortness of breath, sometimes with heart palpitations, if you are under extreme emotional distress or anxiety. Regardless, patients should go to the doctor. “I don’t jump to a psychological issue unless there is nothing else going on,” says Factora. “But we don’t want to miss those few cases where survival is at stake.”

7. Sudden Confusion

The big worries: If you’re experiencing sudden confusion, personality changes, aggression or an inability to concentrate, it’s important to see a doctor right away. “The mortality rate for severe confusion is pretty high. You have to figure out what’s going on,” says Bronson. In the worst case, a brain tumor or bleeding in the brain could be behind the delirium. If you’re also experiencing slurred speech, difficulty finding the right words, or numbness or weakness in the face, hand or leg, stroke is a strong possibility. “You have a window of about two to three hours to get to the hospital,” says Cedars-Sinai’s Black. Beyond that, brain loss may be irreversible.

What else it might be: Medicines and drug-alcohol interactions can also affect your mental state. Plus, confusion can signal an infection, abnormal blood pressure, low blood sugar or dehydration, each of which should be ruled out by a physician.

8. Swelling in the Legs

The big worries: An accumulation of fluid (called edema) in the extremities can be caused by a number of conditions, but the one that most concerns doctors is heart failure, when the heart cannot pump as much blood as the body needs. When that happens, blood backs up in the veins, causing fluid to accumulate in the body’s tissues. “Swelling of the legs, especially if it is persistent, should never be ignored,” says Gordon F. Tomaselli, M.D., director of the division of cardiology at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine in Baltimore. Heart failure is suspected when both legs are affected and the patient also has shortness of breath, fatigue and chest tightness.

What else it might be: A vein problem known as venous insufficiency can also cause swelling. Normally, valves in the leg veins keep blood flowing back to the heart, but in those with venous insufficiency, these valves are weakened, causing a backup of blood. “If valves are the problem, swelling usually goes away when you lie down,” Tomaselli says. Compression stockings can help. Swelling can also result from hypothyroidism (not enough thyroid hormone).

9. Sudden or severe abdominal pain

The big worries: Sudden abdominal pain could signal that an aortic aneurysm — a bulge that develops in the aorta, frequently in the abdominal area — has ruptured. “If the aneurysm ruptures, the pain tends to be sudden and severe and typically centralized around the belly button,” says Richard Desi, M.D., a gastroenterologist with Mercy Medical Center in Baltimore. Alternatively, sudden pain can indicate a perforated viscus (a hole in the stomach, intestine or other hollow organ), often due to an ulcer. Intestinal ischemia, which happens when blood flow to the intestines slows or stops, starving tissues of oxygen, can be a culprit, too. “It’s more common in older, sicker patients who have heart failure or atrial fibrillation,” says Brian Putka, M.D., a gastroenterologist with the Cleveland Clinic. Each of these conditions is life threatening, requiring emergency surgery.

What else it might be: Abdominal pain is frequently due to gallstones, which are hard, pebblelike deposits that get lodged in a gallbladder duct, resulting in sharp pain as well as nausea and vomiting. Diverticulitis — inflammation or infection in small pouches of the large intestine — can be another cause of sudden, severe pain, along with changes in bowel habits, fever and nausea. Although irritable bowel syndrome can trigger painful spasms in the colon, the pain tends to come and go over time and may also cause constipation, diarrhea or alternating bouts of both. Appendicitis is a less likely candidate for sudden abdominal pain in those over 50, as the condition is less common with age. When it does occur, however, expect gradually worsening pain in the right-lower quadrant of the abdomen.

90,000 When to Worry? Neurologist – about the causes of headaches | HEALTH

Probably everyone has a headache at least once a year. This is the most common cause of feeling unwell. According to medical statistics, about 90% of the population regularly suffer from headaches. But patients are not often in a hurry to seek medical help in this case, preferring to numb the pain with pain pills. But headache is only a symptom that accompanies various diseases.Therefore, any headache that lasts at least some time requires examination and consultation with a doctor. You can not engage in self-diagnosis and self-medication. This can lead to serious health problems.

Why headaches, what types of headaches happen, how to determine the cause of an alarming symptom and cope with it, Svetlana Gabarova, a neurologist of the federal network of medical centers “MLC”, told .

Why does the head hurt?

Irina Solovyova, AiF-Yug: It is believed that a headache does not just happen.It can be a symptom of various diseases. What ailments can frequent headaches indicate?

Svetlana Gabarova: In fact, headache can be the leading and sometimes the only complaint in more than 40 different diseases:

• with high blood pressure;
• for low blood pressure;
• for renal and endocrine pathology;
• in case of poisoning, infectious diseases;
• for osteochondrosis of the cervical spine, head and neck injuries;
• neuroses, depressive states;
• for diseases of the nervous system, diseases of the ENT organs, eye, etc.d.

According to Svetlana Gabarova, the most common forms of headache are tension headaches (70%) and migraines (25%). And only 5% of all possible causes of headaches are associated with organic lesions of the nervous system.

“Since there are many reasons for the appearance of headaches, therefore the symptoms can be very diverse,” the doctor explains.

Photo: Courtesy of the advertiser

Some of the headaches

Tension headache : It is caused by tension in the muscles of the head and neck.It feels like a generalized dull pain, as if the head is in a vice. It is not associated with any latent disease. They can be episodic or chronic.

Reasons: fatigue, prolonged forced position in an uncomfortable position, stress, depression, anxiety disorders, prolonged use of analgesics, tranquilizers.

Hypertensive headache : Usually occurs in people with high blood pressure. It is stronger in the morning, calms down during the day.Most often, the pain is pressing and continuous. During a pressure surge, discomfort is localized in the back of the head. Symptoms often extend to the forehead and temples.

“Why is a headache dangerous in hypertension? It may indicate a heart attack and stroke, which today are the leading causes of mortality in the population, ”says the neurologist.

Migraine : characterized by periodic or regular attacks of headache on one side (right or left), rarely bilateral.Attacks can occur with a frequency of 1-2 times a year to several times a week or month.

It has been proven that there is a hereditary predisposition to migraine.

Migraine is characterized by paroxysmal headaches, which are divided from several hours to 3 days. The headache is pulsating in nature, it can be moderate or severe, reducing daily activity and intensifying with little physical exertion. Nausea, vomiting, photophobia (photophobia), fear of loud noise (phonophobia) can join it.

Cluster headache (Horton’s migraine) is a pronounced series of attacks of pain syndrome in a limited period of time (from several weeks to several months) followed by long-term remission (also from several weeks to several months). The painful sensations are so strong that sometimes they can lead to suicide attempts, just to get rid of the unbearable pain.

Photo: Courtesy of Advertiser

Why can’t you have a headache?

– Headache is a common occurrence in the majority of the population.What if the problem occurs more and more often?

– Unfortunately, patients often prefer not to go to a neurologist, but simply take painkillers. Sometimes they don’t do this either, they wait until it passes by itself. But this entails a lot of unpleasant consequences. The fact is that at such a moment the body undergoes severe stress due to excessive stress on the vessels and the system as a whole and can provoke an increase in adrenaline in the blood, an increase in pulse rate, vascular spasms, an increase in blood pressure, fainting, a stroke, a severe pain attack. Headache can also be a harbinger of a dangerous health condition. Spasm can affect the development of physiological changes at the cellular level, provoke cardiovascular diseases, psychiatric disorders.

About 90% of patients report signs of aggression towards loved ones and those around them. Increasing irritation leads to an even greater increase in head pain. Aggression is often a trigger for the development of new pathologies and exacerbation of chronic diseases.It is important to pay attention to a headache, since a symptom may indicate tumors, poisoning, sexually transmitted diseases, helminthiasis, inflammation and other ailments.

How to determine the cause?

That is why it is necessary to determine the cause of headaches at an early stage as quickly and accurately as possible. Therefore, you need to see a doctor and conduct an examination.

Before starting the examination, the doctor asks the patient in detail about the nature of the pain in the head and, based on these data, prescribes a diagnosis.Most often used for making an accurate diagnosis:

• MRI – used to diagnose tumors, chronic and acute disorders of cerebral circulation, the consequences of stroke, sinusitis, hernias, etc.;
• Doppler ultrasonography of the great vessels of the head and neck (CDC BCS) – a study of the patency of the arteries;
• electroencephalography (EEG) allows to judge the state and functioning of the brain as a whole, to identify vascular lesions, indirect signs of a tumor, hematoma;
• electromyography (EMG) – for the diagnosis of diseases of the neuromuscular system, nerve damage.

At the ILC you can undergo the No Headache MRI complex with a 20% discount, which includes three examinations at once: MRI of the brain, MRI of the arteries of the brain and MRI of the cervical spine. This program was developed taking into account the most frequent appointments of our neurologists, for whom these studies are decisive and help to make the correct diagnosis and prescribe effective treatment.

More information about the organizer of the action, about the rules of its holding, terms, place and order of their receipt – by phone / on the website.The number of offers is limited.

Multidisciplinary Medical Center “MLC”

• Krasnodar, st. North, 445
• Tel .: +7 (861) 298-30-33.

We work seven days a week!

License LO-23-01-013434 dated 04/02/19

There are contraindications. It is necessary to consult a specialist

90,000 Cold and Flu in Children: Symptoms and Pain Relief.

For colds and flu symptoms, good personal hygiene and physical distance should be followed to prevent the spread of infection.Good hygiene includes washing your hands with warm water and soap for at least 20 seconds, including the areas between the fingers and under the nails. If you or your child develop symptoms such as fever / fever, cough, sore throat, or other symptoms, you should see a doctor and leave your child at home without going to organized groups until recovery.

A child may have a cold several times a year. Children get sick more often than adults, because their immune systems are not yet sufficiently developed, so it is more difficult for them to resist more than 200 types of viruses that cause colds.

Things to avoid

If your child has symptoms of a cold or flu, do not share common household items, such as towels or cups, at home or elsewhere.

If a child has contact with an infected person, ask him / her to wash their hands more often. It is important that the child does not touch his eyes, mouth and nose. To prevent infection, you can use a mask and more often ventilate the room where the patient is.

Causes of colds and flu

Colds and flu are seasonal viral illnesses.Infection occurs due to the spread of viruses through close contact, coughing and sneezing.

How to relieve colds and flu

You can help your child cope with some of the symptoms of a cold without going to a doctor, but if symptoms persist, be sure to see a doctor. If symptoms worsen, a doctor should be consulted.

Here are some tips to help your child cope with colds and flu:

• Home Mode
• Rest and adequate sleep
• Taking antipyretic drugs such as ibuprofen or paracetamol to reduce fever and relieve pain and / or body aches.Antipyretic drugs are recommended at temperatures above 38.5 ° C or for temperature-related discomfort. Regular (course) intake of antipyretics is undesirable, a repeated dose is administered only after a new increase in temperature
• Drinking plenty of water

To reduce the risk of infection, you can get the flu vaccine at the health center before the season starts.

This article is for general information only and does not replace professional advice.The information provided on the website does not constitute a basis for a diagnosis or prescription of a medicinal product. For all questions related to health, it is necessary to consult a doctor.

This drug may not work for you. Please read the instructions before buying. Follow directions for medical use. Improper use can be hazardous to health. If symptoms persist, see your doctor.

Supplement / ConsultantPlus

h2N1 INFLUENZA (swine flu):

INFORMATION FOR PARENTS AND GUARDIANS

Influenza caused by a new type of h2N1 virus, occurs mainly as a respiratory infection from humans to humans, occurs mainly as a respiratory disease from humans, from humans to humans.Most people in the United States infected with the virus have had a moderate illness, but there have been severe cases, including deaths. Young children, pregnant women, and people with chronic medical conditions such as asthma, diabetes, or heart disease are at greater risk of complications from infection.

What are the symptoms of the disease?

For most children, the symptoms of h2N1 flu are similar to those of regular flu. These include:

– Fever

– Cough

– Sore throat

– Body aches

– Headache

– Chills and fatigue

– Occasionally – vomiting and diarrhea.

Young children may not have typical symptoms, but they have difficulty breathing and little activity.

Children under 5 years of age are more likely to develop a serious illness, including pneumonia, than older children. There is a tendency for children with chronic illnesses to develop more severe flu.

How to protect yourself from infection?

Most influenza viruses are transmitted from person to person through the cough or sneezing of a sick person.The influenza virus can enter the body (eyes, nose, or mouth) through the hands if it comes into contact with an infected surface. There is currently no vaccine for h2N1 influenza, but with some precautions, including personal hygiene, the spread of germs that cause respiratory illnesses such as h2N1 flu can be prevented:

– Teach children to wash their hands frequently with soap and water for 20 seconds.

Parents should also follow this procedure, which will serve as a good example for the children.

– Teach children to cough and sneeze into a tissue or hand. Parents should also follow this procedure, which will serve as a good example for the children.

– Teach children not to come closer than one and a half to two meters to sick people.

ConsultantPlus: note.

In the official text of the document, apparently, there is a misprint: the same paragraph is repeated twice.

– Sick children should stay at home (not attending preschools and schools), and also keep their distance from other people until their condition improves.

– Sick children should stay at home (not attending preschools and schools), and also keep their distance from other people until their condition improves.

– Refrain from going to shops, cinemas or other crowded places in areas where h2N1 flu has been reported.

What to do if a child is sick?

– Leave the sick child at home, unless he needs medical attention. Don’t send it to school or preschool.

– Give your child plenty of fluids (juice, water, etc.).

– Create a comfortable environment for the sick child. Peace is essential.

– If your child has a fever, sore throat and body aches, you can give him antipyretic medications, which the doctor will prescribe based on the patient’s age.

– If someone in your home is sick, do not let him come into contact with healthy people.

– Keep tissues and waste basket within reach of the patient.

If your child has had contact with someone with h2N1 flu, ask your doctor about the need for antiviral medication to prevent getting h2N1 flu.

If your child develops any of the following warning signs, seek medical attention:

– Rapid or difficult breathing

– Cyanosis of the skin

– Not drinking enough

– Not awakening or not responding

– Agitated state

– Lack of urination or tears while crying

– Symptoms disappear, but then return with fever and violent cough.

Nausea and vomiting in adults – causes, examination and treatment in Astrakhan | Symptoms

Appendicitis, intestinal wall perforation, gallbladder inflammation, pancreatitis
Signs: Significant abdominal pain. The abdomen is painful on palpation.

Intestinal obstruction
Signs: Lack of bowel movements and flatulence. Arising and disappearing cramping pain in the abdomen. Bloated belly. Usually in people with a hernia or previous abdominal surgery.

Gastroenteritis
Signs: Vomiting and diarrhea. No pain or minimal abdominal pain (except in cases of vomiting). In rare cases, fever or blood in the stool. Abdominal examination results are normal.

Hepatitis
Signs: Mild to moderate nausea for many days and sometimes vomiting. General malaise. Darkening of the urine, followed by yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes (jaundice). Loss of appetite. Feeling of slight discomfort in the upper right side of the abdominal cavity.

Ingestion of toxic substances (alcohol, aspirin, iron, lead or insecticides)
Signs: Information on ingestion is usually obtained by taking an anamnesis. Various other symptoms, depending on the substance swallowed.

Head trauma (from recent accident, sports injury or fall)
Signs: Trauma is evident from the person’s history. Often headache, disorientation, and difficulty remembering recent events.

Brain bleeding
Signs: Sudden, often severe headache. Confusion of consciousness.

Meningitis (brain infection)
Signs: Increasing headache and disorientation. Often fever and pain when bending the head forward, and a reddish-purple rash in the form of tiny dots on the skin (petechiae) if caused by meningococcal meningitis.

Increased intracranial pressure (eg, caused by a blood clot or tumor)
Signs: Headache, confusion, and sometimes problems with nerves, spinal cord, or brain function.

Labyrinthitis (inflammation of the inner ear)
Signs: False sensation of movement (systemic dizziness), rhythmic twitching eye movement (nystagmus), and worsening of symptoms with head movement. Sometimes ringing in the ears (tinnitus).

Migraine
Signs: Usually moderate to severe headache. A headache in front of which people sometimes see flashes of light and blind spots (aura). Sometimes sensitivity to light (photophobia) or temporary disturbances in balance or muscle strength.There is often a history of recurrence of such attacks.

Pointing
Signs: The cause is obvious from the person’s history.

Psychological disorders
Signs: No diarrhea or abdominal pain. Vomiting, often associated with stress. Food is disgusting.

Diabetic ketoacidosis
Signs: Increased daily urine volume (polyuria), increased thirst (polydipsia), and often significant dehydration.

Side effects or drug toxicity
Signs: Taking a drug or substance that is evident from the history.

Liver failure or renal failure
Signs: Often jaundice with progressive liver disease. Odor of ammonia from the mouth with kidney failure. Often in people with a known disorder.

Pregnancy
Signs: Nausea and / or vomiting often in the morning or in response to food intake.Normal test results (except that the person may be dehydrated). Often skipping or delaying the menstrual cycle.

Exposure to radiation
Signs: Exposure is usually obvious based on the person’s history. Severe nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.

Headache, headache treatment, headache causes – Dixion Clinic in Oryol

Article author –
Irina Gennadievna Dementyeva,
neurologist at the Dixion Clinic

Headache is not only the most common complaint, but also a symptom of many diseases.Probably, there is no such person who does not know what a headache is. And we all fight with her in different ways: someone is waiting for it to pass by itself, someone takes out pills. Few of those who take headache seriously and go to the doctor with a complaint.

Headache is not only the most common complaint, but also a symptom of many diseases. Probably, there is no such person who does not know what a headache is. And we all fight with her in different ways: someone is waiting for it to pass by itself, someone gets pills.Few of those who take headache seriously and go to the doctor with a complaint.

Meanwhile, our body desperately sends signals in the form of a headache that some kind of disease is developing.

Headache is a symptom of serious illness.

Headache is often a symptom of inflammatory and other pathological processes in the brain. Also the headache is the reason:

• hypertension;
• ENT pathologies;
• neuroses;
• disorders in the endocrine system;
• infectious diseases.

As you can see, these are very serious diseases and it is dangerous to ignore a headache, at the very least.

Types of headaches

Arising as a result of organic diseases of the brain, as well as with liquorodynamic disorders:

• Such pains can be associated with a head injury, localized in one area, or spread throughout the head. A characteristic feature of such pains is that they are very difficult to treat;
• pain associated with masses of the brain.Often these pains are accompanied by nausea and vomiting. The head usually hurts in the morning;
• pain caused by an inflammatory condition such as meningitis.

Vascular headaches:

• migraine. The nature of the pain is pulsating. The pain is localized in one half of the head. Often this pain is accompanied by nausea and vomiting, fear of light and sounds. Migraine is a common complaint of young women. Experts say a lot about hereditary predisposition.
• headache with arterial hypertension. The nature of the pain is similar to migraine, but it is more severe and is localized in the neck and back of the head. Patients often complain of “ripples” in the eyes.

Psychogenic headaches:

• Pain that occurs in response to an overstrain of the nervous system caused by a severe stressful situation. Patients, trying to explain the nature of the pain, talk about the sensation of tightening the head with a hoop or a tight bandage.Features of the manifestation of this type of headache – the patient cannot tolerate sound, bright light, becomes irritable.

Headaches as symptoms of extracerebral diseases:

• a consequence of a viral or bacterial infection. The headache is usually followed by other symptoms: fever, drowsiness, and lack of appetite.
• side effects of drugs.
• serious disturbances in the metabolic processes of the body.
• pathological changes in the skull, cervical spine, eyes, etc.
• symptom of osteochondrosis of the cervical spine. The pain appears suddenly and can either quickly disappear or be lingering.

As you can see, a headache can be a symptom of a wide variety of diseases, which is why it is so important to seek help in a timely manner.

Do not forget that taking analgesics will eliminate only the symptom, and then for a while, and the disease itself will remain and will develop, complications may appear.

Methods for diagnosing diseases with headache

1. If necessary, the doctor may prescribe magnetic resonance imaging of the spine and brain. This method is effective for detecting tumors and post-stroke foci, traumatic lesions and other pathologies;
2. magnetic resonance angiography is a modern diagnostic technique that allows you to determine the state of the most inaccessible vessels without the introduction of special contrast agents;
3. blood pressure monitoring will detect latent arterial hypertension and help the doctor in the correct prescription of drug therapy;
4. a blood test is used to detect the presence of viruses and bacteria, causative agents of infectious diseases;
5. X-ray of the skull, as well as the cervical spine, will reveal hidden injuries that cause headache;
6. ultrasound dopplerography or ultrasound of the BCA of the vessels of the head and neck.An excellent way to detect lesions in the vessels of the brain in the early stages;
7. electroencephalography EEG will provide data on the electrical activity of the brain and help form a picture of brain activity;
8. almost always, with complaints of headaches, therapists send the patient to an ophthalmologist. After all, headaches are often associated with eye strain, changes in the fundus. All this can be found out by an eye specialist;
9. headaches can cause a visit to such specialists as an otolaryngologist and dentist.

Headache treatment

Treatment is divided into:

• symptomatic;
• preventive.

Only a neurologist can choose the right method of treatment. He will collect and study all research data, clinical manifestations and draw up the most optimal therapy program.

Information on new coronavirus infection

1. If you are returning to the Nizhny Novgorod region from another country, inform about yourself through the State Services portal, the hotline telephone of the Ministry of Health of the Nizhny Novgorod region: 413-11-13, 8-910-397-41-28;

2. When applying for medical help in the Nizhny Novgorod region, inform the medical personnel about the time and place of stay in the countries where the coronavirus infection has been detected;

3. When returning from any foreign country, tourists need to spend 14 days in quarantine mode – not to go to work, to the hospital and even to buy food;

4. Isolation is mandatory for everyone, even in the absence of symptoms.If you feel unwell, then you should not go to the clinic – call the doctor at home. As a preventive measure, wash your hands more often with soap, use an antiseptic, limit contact with sick people and touch your face less;

5. You can apply for a sick leave remotely on the website of the Social Insurance Fund.

How to protect yourself from coronavirus 2019-nCoV

What are coronaviruses?

Coronaviruses are a family of viruses that predominantly infect animals, but in some cases can be transmitted to humans.Usually, diseases caused by coronaviruses are mild without causing severe symptoms. However, there are also severe forms such as Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (Mers) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (Sars).

What are the symptoms of the disease caused by the new coronavirus?

• Feeling tired

• Shortness of breath

• High temperature

• Cough and or sore throat

Symptoms are very similar to many respiratory diseases, often mimic the common cold, and may resemble the flu.

If you have similar symptoms, consider the following:

• Have you visited high-risk areas (China and surrounding regions) in the last two weeks?

• Have you been in contact with someone who has visited high-risk areas (China and surrounding regions) in the past two weeks?

If the answer to these questions is yes, the symptoms should be treated as carefully as possible.

How is the coronavirus transmitted?

Like other respiratory viruses, coronavirus spreads through droplets that form when an infected person coughs or sneezes.It can also spread when someone touches any contaminated surface, such as a doorknob. People become infected when they touch their mouth, nose or eyes with dirty hands.

Initially, the outbreak originated from animals, presumably the source was the seafood market in Wuhan, where there was an active trade not only in fish, but also in animals such as marmots, snakes and bats.

How to protect yourself from coronavirus infection?

The most important thing you can do to protect yourself is to keep your hands and surfaces clean.

Keep your hands clean and wash frequently with soap and water or use a disinfectant.

Also try not to touch your mouth, nose or eyes with unwashed hands (usually such touches are unconsciously performed by us on average 15 times per hour).

Carry hand sanitizer with you so you can clean your hands in any environment.

Always wash your hands before eating.

Use extra caution when in crowded areas, airports, and other public transportation systems.Minimize touching surfaces and objects in such places as much as possible, and do not touch your face.

Carry disposable wipes and always cover your nose and mouth when you cough or sneeze, and be sure to dispose of them after use.

Do not eat food (nuts, chips, cookies and other snacks) from common containers or utensils if other people have immersed their fingers in them.

Avoid greeting handshakes and kisses on the cheek.

At work – regularly clean surfaces and devices that you touch (computer keyboard, panels of office equipment for general use, smartphone screen, remotes, door handles and handrails).

1. Gently cover the nose and mouth with the mask and secure it to reduce the gap between the face and the mask.

2. Do not touch the mask during use. After touching a used mask, for example to remove it, wash your hands.

3. After the mask becomes wet or dirty, put on a new, clean and dry mask.

4. Do not reuse disposable masks. They should be thrown away after each use and disposed of immediately after removal.

What you can do at home.

Tell your children about coronavirus prevention. Children and adolescents are more at risk of infection than others, they often interact closely with each other and are not the standard in maintaining cleanliness.

Explain to the children how germs are spread and why good hand and face hygiene is important.

Make sure everyone in the family has their own towel, remind not to share toothbrushes and other personal hygiene items.

Ventilate the room frequently.

Can the new coronavirus be cured?

Today, most people who get sick are recovering. Seek medical attention. The doctor will hospitalize according to indications and prescribe treatment.

There is no specific antiviral drug for the new coronavirus, just as there is no specific treatment for most other respiratory viruses that cause colds.

But there are treatment regimens and drugs that help to recover.

The most dangerous complication is viral pneumonia. In order to start treatment on time, you need to seek medical help in a timely manner.

Who is at risk?

People of all ages are at risk of contracting the virus. In a statement from the Wuhan Health Commission, it is said that mostly people over 50 are ill.

However, as with most other viral respiratory diseases, people with weakened immune systems and comorbid conditions are at risk.

Is there a vaccine for the new coronavirus?

There is currently no such vaccine, however, its development has already begun in a number of countries.

What is the difference between coronavirus and influenza virus?

Coronavirus and influenza virus may have similar symptoms, but they are genetically completely different.

Influenza viruses multiply very quickly – symptoms appear two to three days after infection, and the coronavirus takes up to 14 days to do this.

Is the new coronavirus worse than past epidemics?

The Spanish flu, or the Spanish flu caused by the h2N1 virus, remains the most devastating influenza pandemic in modern history. The disease swept across the globe in 1918 and is estimated to have killed between 50 and 100 million people.

The 2009 swine flu outbreak killed 575,400 people.

The Asian flu in 1957 killed approximately two million people, and the Hong Kong flu killed one million people 11 years later.

USING A DISPOSABLE MASK REDUCES THE PROBABILITY OF INFECTION WITH 2019-nCoV CORONAVIRUS

• WEAR THE MASK IN INDIVIDUAL ROOMS, IN CROWN AREAS, IF IN CONTACT WITH PEOPLE WITH SYMPTOMS OF VIRAL RESPIRATORY DISEASE

• THE MASK SHOULD FIT TIGHTLY TO THE FACE AND COVER THE MOUTH, NOSE AND CHIN

• IF THERE IS AN INSERTED ATTACHMENT IN THE AREA OF THE NOSE, IT SHOULD BE PRESSED FIRM TO THE BACK OF THE NOSE

• IF THE MASK HAS SPECIAL FOLDINGS, DISTRIBUTE THEM

• CHANGE THE MASK WITH A NEW MASK EVERY 2-3 HOURS OR MORE OFTEN

• DISCHARGE THE MASK IN THE DISTRICT IMMEDIATELY AFTER USE

• AFTER TOUCHING A USED MASK, THOROUGHLY WASH HANDS WITH SOAP

• WEAR THE MASK IN CLEAN OUTDOOR SPACES – IT IS UNSUFFICIENT TO RE-USE THE MASK

• ONLY IN COMBINATION WITH RIGHT HAND HYGIENE AND QUARANTINE MEASURES THE USE OF THE MASK WILL BE MOST EFFECTIVE FOR PREVENTING INFECTION AND PREVENTION OF CORONAVIRUS 2019 – nCoV

• MAXIMUM EFFECTIVE USE OF THE MASK – ONLY IN COMBINATION WITH VACCINATION, THOROUGH HAND HYGIENE WITH QUARANTINE MEASURES

Influenza, coronavirus, other acute respiratory viral infections – a mask will help!

During the period of active circulation of pathogens of influenza, coronavirus infection, and other pathogens of acute respiratory viral infections, we remind you of the advisability of using a disposable medical mask as an effective measure to prevent infection and limit the spread of infection.

These viruses are transmitted from person to person mainly by airborne droplets, through microdroplets of respiratory secretions that are formed when infected people talk, sneeze or cough.

With the air, these droplets can get onto the surface of the mucous membrane of the upper respiratory tract of healthy people who are near an infected person.

Infection can also occur as a result of direct or indirect contact of a healthy person with the respiratory secretions of an infected person.

The use of a disposable medical mask prevents droplets of respiratory secretions, which may contain viruses, from entering the body of a healthy person through the nose and mouth.

• Wear a mask when caring for a family member with symptoms of a viral respiratory illness.

• If you are sick or have symptoms of a viral respiratory illness, wear a mask before approaching other people.

• If you have symptoms of a viral respiratory illness and need to see a doctor, wear a mask well in advance to protect those around you in the waiting area.

• Wear a mask when in crowded places.

• Use the mask once; reuse of the mask is not allowed.

• Change the mask every 2-3 hours or more often.

• If the mask is wet, it should be replaced with a new one.

• After using the mask, discard it and wash your hands.

Disposable medical mask, if used correctly, is a reliable and effective method of reducing the risk of infection and preventing the spread of influenza, coronavirus and other pathogens of ARVI

What should you do during the period of active circulation of pathogens of influenza, coronavirus infection and other pathogens of acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI) in order to prevent your own infection and protect those around you if you get sick?

The causative agents of all these diseases are highly contagious and are transmitted mainly by airborne droplets.

When sneezing and coughing in the air around a sick person, microdroplets of his saliva, sputum and respiratory secretions, which contain viruses, are spread. Larger droplets settle on surrounding objects and surfaces, small ones stay in the air for a long time and are transported to distances of up to several hundred meters, while viruses retain the ability to infect from several hours to several days. The main measures of hygienic prevention are aimed at preventing healthy people from coming into contact with particles of a sick person’s secretions containing viruses.

Compliance with the following hygiene rules will significantly reduce the risk of infection or further spread of influenza, coronavirus infection and other ARVI.

How not to get infected

• Wash hands after visiting any public places, transport, touching doorknobs, money, public office equipment in the workplace, before eating and preparing food. Pay special attention to thoroughly soaping (at least 20 seconds), and then completely drying your hands.

• After returning home from the street – wash your hands and face with soap, rinse your nose with isotonic salt solution.

• Touch the face and eyes with freshly washed hands. If water and soap are not available, use alcohol-based hand sanitizers to clean your hands. Or use a disposable napkin, if necessary, touching the eyes or nose

• Wear a disposable medical mask in crowded places and transport.It is necessary to change the mask to a new one every 2-3 hours; the mask cannot be reused.

• Give preference to sleek hairstyles when you are in crowded places, loose hair, often in contact with your face, increases the risk of infection.

• Avoid close contact and stay in the same room with people who have visible signs of SARS (coughing, sneezing, nasal discharge).

• Do not touch door handles, railings, other objects and surfaces in public spaces with bare hands.

• Limit welcome handshakes, kisses, and hugs.

• Ventilate the premises more often.

• Do not use shared towels.

How not to infect others

• Minimize contact with healthy people (welcome handshakes, kisses).

• If you feel unwell, but have to communicate with other people or use public transport – use a disposable mask, be sure to change it to a new one every hour.

• When coughing or sneezing, be sure to cover your mouth, if possible – with a disposable handkerchief, if not – with your palms or elbows.

• Use only personal or disposable tableware.

• Isolate your personal hygiene items from household members: toothbrush, washcloth, towels.

• Carry out wet cleaning of the house every day, including the processing of door handles, switches, office equipment control panels.

Influenza, coronavirus infection and other acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI) are in first place in terms of the number of sick people annually

Despite constant efforts to combat the causative agents of influenza, coronavirus infection and other acute respiratory viral infections, they still have not been defeated.

Thousands of people die from complications of influenza every year.

This is due to the fact that viruses, primarily influenza viruses and coronaviruses, have the ability to change their structure and a mutated virus is capable of infecting a person again.So, a person who has had the flu has a good immune barrier, but nevertheless a new modified virus is able to easily penetrate through it, since the body has not yet developed immunity against this type of virus.

For whom is the most dangerous encounter with the virus?

Children and the elderly are especially hard to tolerate the infection; for these age groups, complications that can develop during the illness are very dangerous. Children get sick more seriously due to the fact that their immune systems have not yet met this virus, and for the elderly, as well as for people with chronic diseases, the virus is dangerous due to a weakened immune system.

Risk groups

• Children

• People over 60 years old

• People with chronic lung diseases (bronchial asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease)

• People with chronic diseases of the cardiovascular system (congenital heart defects, coronary heart disease, heart failure)

• Pregnant women

• Medical workers

• Public transport workers, catering establishments

How does the infection occur?

The infection is transmitted from a sick person to a healthy person through the smallest droplets of saliva or mucus that are released during sneezing, coughing, talking.Contact transmission is also possible.

Symptoms

Depending on the specific type of pathogen, symptoms can vary significantly, both in severity and in combination.

• Temperature rise

• Chills, general malaise, weakness headache, muscle pain

• Decreased appetite, possible nausea and vomiting

• Conjunctivitis (possibly)

• Diarrhea (possibly)

On average, the illness lasts about 5 days.If the temperature lasts longer, complications may have arisen.

Complications

• Pneumonia

• Encephalitis, meningitis

• Complications of pregnancy, development of fetal pathology

• Exacerbation of chronic diseases

Treatment of the disease is carried out under the supervision of a physician who, only after examining the patient, prescribes a treatment regimen and gives other recommendations.The sick person must comply with bed rest, eat well and drink more fluids.

Antibiotics

Taking antibiotics in the early days of the disease is a big mistake. Antibiotics are not able to cope with the virus, in addition, they adversely affect the normal microflora. Antibiotics are prescribed only by a doctor, only in case of complications caused by the addition of a bacterial infection. Taking antibacterial drugs as a preventive measure for the development of complications is dangerous and useless.

A sick person should stay at home and not pose a threat of infection to others.

Prevention

The most effective way to prevent influenza is to get vaccinated annually. The composition of the influenza vaccine changes annually. First of all, it is recommended to get vaccinated for those who are at risk. The optimal time for vaccination is October-November. Influenza vaccination is possible from 6 months of age onwards.

Vaccines against most pathogens of acute respiratory viral infections have not been developed.

Universal prevention measures

• Wash your hands often and thoroughly.

• Avoid contact with people coughing

• Follow a healthy lifestyle (sleep, healthy food, physical activity)

• Drink plenty of fluids.

• Regularly ventilate and humidify the air in the room where you are

• Be less often in crowded places

• Use a mask when you are in transport or in crowded places

• Avoid hugging, kissing and shaking hands when meeting

• Do not touch your face, eyes, nose with unwashed hands

At the first sign of a viral infection – consult a doctor!

Influenza and coronavirus viruses cause respiratory diseases of varying severity in humans.Symptoms are similar to those of regular (seasonal) flu. The severity of the disease depends on a number of factors, including the general condition of the body and age.

Predisposed to the disease: the elderly, small children, pregnant women and people suffering from chronic diseases (asthma, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases), and with weakened immunity.

RULE 1. OFTEN WASH HANDS WITH SOAP

Clean and disinfect surfaces using household detergents.

Hand hygiene is an important measure to prevent the spread of influenza and coronavirus infection. Washing with soap removes viruses. If you cannot wash your hands with soap and water, use alcohol-based or disinfectant wipes.

Cleaning and regular disinfection of surfaces (tables, doorknobs, chairs, gadgets, etc.) removes viruses.

RULE 2. OBSERVE DISTANCE AND LABEL

Viruses are transmitted from a sick person to a healthy person by airborne droplets (when sneezing, coughing), therefore, it is necessary to maintain a distance of at least 1 meter from patients.

Avoid touching eyes, nose or mouth with your hands. The flu virus and coronavirus are spread by these routes.

Wear a mask or other available protective equipment to reduce the risk of illness.

When coughing, sneezing, cover your mouth and nose with disposable napkins, which must be thrown away after use.

Avoiding unnecessary travel and visits to crowded places can reduce the risk of illness.

RULE 3.LEAD A HEALTHY LIFESTYLE

A healthy lifestyle increases the body’s resistance to infection. Maintain a healthy schedule, including adequate sleep, eating foods rich in protein, vitamins and minerals, and being physically active.

RULE 4. PROTECT RESPIRATORY ORGANS WITH A MEDICAL MASK

Among other means of prevention, wearing masks occupies a special place, thanks to which the spread of the virus is limited.

Medical masks for respiratory protection use:

• when visiting crowded places, traveling by public transport during a period of increasing incidence of acute respiratory viral infections;

• when caring for patients with acute respiratory viral infections;

• when communicating with persons with signs of acute respiratory viral infection;

• at risk of infection with other airborne infections.

HOW TO WEAR THE MASK CORRECTLY?

Masks can be of different designs. They can be one-time use or they can be applied multiple times. There are masks that last 2, 4, 6 hours. The cost of these masks is different due to the different impregnation. But you can’t wear the same mask all the time, so you can infect yourself twice. Which side to wear a medical mask inside is not important.

To protect yourself from infection, it is extremely important to wear it correctly:

• the mask should be carefully fixed, tightly covering the mouth and nose, leaving no gaps;

• try not to touch the surfaces of the mask when removing it, if you touched it, wash your hands thoroughly with soap or alcohol;

• wet or damp mask should be changed to a new, dry one;

• do not reuse the disposable mask;

• The used disposable mask should be discarded immediately.

When caring for a patient, after the end of contact with a sick person, the mask should be removed immediately. After removing the mask, wash your hands immediately and thoroughly.

The mask is appropriate if you are in a crowded place, on public transport, as well as when caring for the sick, but it is not advisable in the open air.

It is useful to breathe fresh air while you are outdoors and you should not wear a mask.

At the same time, doctors remind that this single measure does not provide complete protection against the disease.In addition to wearing a mask, other preventive measures must be followed.

RULE 5. WHAT TO DO IN CASE OF INFLUENZA, CORONAVIRUS INFECTION?

Stay at home and see a doctor urgently.

Follow your doctor’s orders, stay in bed and drink as much fluids as possible.

WHAT ARE THE SYMPTOMS OF FLU / CORONAVIRUS INFECTION?

High body temperature, chills, headache, weakness, nasal congestion, cough, shortness of breath, muscle pain, conjunctivitis.

In some cases, there may be symptoms of gastrointestinal disorders: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea.

WHAT ARE THE COMPLICATIONS?

Viral pneumonia is the leading complication. Deterioration in viral pneumonia is rapid, and many patients develop respiratory failure within 24 hours, requiring immediate respiratory support with mechanical ventilation.

Promptly started treatment helps to alleviate the severity of the disease.

WHAT TO DO IF SOMEONE GETS INFLUENZA IN THE FAMILY / CORONAVIRUS INFECTION?

Call a doctor.

Give the patient a separate room in the house. If this is not possible, maintain a distance of at least 1 meter from the patient.

Minimize contact between sick and loved ones, especially children, the elderly and people with chronic diseases.

Ventilate the room frequently.

Keep clean, wash and disinfect surfaces with household detergents as often as possible.

Wash your hands often with soap and water.

When caring for a sick person, cover your mouth and nose with a mask or other protective equipment (handkerchief, scarf, etc.).

Only one family member should take care of the sick person.

90,000 January 17 – Day for the prevention of influenza and acute respiratory infections – Pinsk central polyclinic

The history of influenza goes back several tens of centuries, the first mention of this disease was made in 412 BC.NS. Hippocrates. The disease was first described by E. Pasquier (1403). Since that time, 18 influenza pandemics have been registered, the majority of which originated on the Asian continent. So, the infamous “Spanish Woman” in 1918-1920. by the most conservative estimates, it took more than 20 million lives.

Influenza is an acute respiratory infection caused by viruses of types A, B and C, occurring with the development of intoxication and damage to the epithelium of the mucous membrane of the upper respiratory tract, more often the trachea. The disease is prone to rapid and global spread.

The incubation period (i.e., the time from the moment of infection to the appearance of the first signs of the disease) with seasonal influenza is from 12 to 48 hours, with a highly pathogenic variant, extending to 5-7 days. Influenza is characterized by an acute onset with chills, a rise in temperature to maximum values ​​already on the first day of the disease and general symptoms of intoxication (severe weakness, weakness, headache in the frontal areas, aching muscles, bones, joints, pain in the eyeballs, photophobia, lacrimation etc.etc.). After a few hours, signs of respiratory tract damage are added to the above manifestations of the disease, more often in the form of nasal congestion or a mild runny nose, sore throat, excruciating dry cough, sore chest pains and along the trachea, hoarse voice. For most people with influenza, complete recovery occurs within 7-10 days. However, there is a group of people prone to complications with this disease, and they constitute a risk group for severe ARVI and influenza.First of all, these are children under 1 year old, all persons over 65 years old, pregnant women, patients with chronic diseases – this category of people should immediately consult a doctor, because only an early start of therapy can prevent the development of severe complications (pneumonia, exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, sinusitis, otitis media, etc.).

Most non-risk influenza patients with mild to moderate uncomplicated illness can be treated on an outpatient basis.

In this case, the treatment includes the appointment:

• half-bed rest, good nutrition and plenty of drink (up to 1.5-2.0 liters of liquid per day). Drinking plenty of fluids is very important for the body, because the waste products of the virus, which cause general intoxication, are excreted from the body through the kidneys. In addition, increased drinking regime helps to cope with the loss of fluid as a result of excessive sweating during fever and helps to thin phlegm and its discharge when coughing.
• paracetamol and other antipyretics (ibuprofen, ibuklin, nimesulide, combined antipyretic drugs Teraflu, Coldrex) in standard dosages. As a rule, in previously healthy adults and children, antipyretics are prescribed at temperatures above 38.5 ° C (it is not recommended to lower the lower temperature, because this is a manifestation of the body’s protective reaction to the introduction of the pathogen). In the presence of concomitant diseases, the temperature value from which antipyretic therapy begins is determined by the doctor.Parents should remember that the use of aspirin is contraindicated in children under 18 years of age against the background of any acute respiratory viral infection!

Antiviral therapy is prescribed only by a doctor in an individual dose, depending on the clinical picture and severity of the disease, as well as the presence of concomitant diseases. The most effective use of antiviral drugs in the first 48-72 hours from the onset of the disease, which once again proves the need to seek medical help as early as possible.

It should be remembered that unjustified independent use of antibiotics without appropriate indications not only does not prevent the development of bacterial complications, but can also worsen the course of the underlying disease due to the development of side effects of the drug (especially allergic reactions, dysbiosis), and also contribute to the formation of resistant forms of bacteria … Only a doctor can determine the need for the use of antibacterial drugs, adequately select the desired antibiotic and prescribe it correctly.

In the presence of ARVI and influenza patients in the family, one should also remember about the principles of preventing transmission of infection to relatives and friends (isolation of the sick person in a separate room, wearing masks at home, observing the rules of personal hygiene, regular airing of rooms and wet cleaning, limiting visits of other people to the patient) …

All people with acute respiratory viral infections and influenza are advised to consult a doctor as soon as possible in order to receive the correct treatment in a timely manner, and also to avoid the development of complications.