A rapid heartbeat – Warning sign of arrhythmia

A rapid heartbeat is a condition in which the heart beats faster than regular rates. Sometimes, it is normal for heart rates to temporarily rise during exercise, physical exertion or as a response to normal physiological stress or trauma. However, it can substantially result from a wide range of diseases and disorders. If a rapid heart rate presents, medical assistance provided by a cardiologist must be sought immediately in order to get it diagnosed and treated in a timely manner before the condition progresses. If it is left untreated, tachycardia can disrupt heart function, resulting in serious complications, including heart failure and sudden cardiac arrest. 

Get to know a rapid heartbeat

Normal hearts beat 60 – 100 times every minute. When the heart beats more than 100 times each minute, that is considered a rapid heartbeat or tachycardia. A rapid heartbeat is noticed by the feeling of the heart which is pounding or fluttering much faster than normal. Tachycardia is caused by the disruptions to the normal electrical impulses that control the rate of heart’s pumping action. In addition to abnormal heart rates, irregular heart rhythms can also be a potential sign of cardiac arrhythmias.

Contributing causes to a rapid heartbeat

Numerous possible causes can induce a rapid heartbeat. These causes are divided into: 

1. External factors
   • Dehydration 
   • Heavy blood loss or excessive bleeding induced anemia
   • Inadequate sleep
   • Infections and high-grade fever 
   • Thyrotoxicosis and hyperthyroidism defined as an excess of thyroid hormone in the body
   • Severe diarrhea that leads to electrolyte imbalance 
   • Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)
   • Certain medications
   • Illicit drugs or substances that stimulate the heart 
   • Stimulant-containing beverages e.g. tea, coffee, soft drinks, energy drinks and alcohol.  

2. Cardiovascular factors
   • Acute myocardial infarction or a heart attack – a life-threatening condition when blood flow decreases or stops to a part of the heart, causing damage to the heart muscle.
   • Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy –a disease in which the heart muscle becomes abnormally thick or hypertrophied. 
   • Congenital heart diseases – defined as heart problems with the heart’s structure that exist since birth.
   • Valvular heart disease – defined as heart disease involving one or more of the four valves of the heart.  
   • Hypertension 
   • Certain conditions caused by electric abnormalities, e.g. supraventricular tachycardia (SVT), Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome (WPW) and atrial fibrillation (AF). 

A rapid heartbeat potentially indicates cardiac arrhythmia  

Many different types of rapid heartbeat, faster than 100 beats per minute, can indicate cardiac arrhythmia with or without irregular heart rhythm.   They are grouped according to the part of the heart responsible for the fast heart rate and cause of the abnormally fast heartbeat, including: 

• Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT): Supraventricular tachycardia is a fast heart rate arising from abnormal electrical activity in the upper chambers of the heart (atrium). During an episode of SVT, the heart normally beats at least 150 times per minute.  
• Ventricular tachycardia (VT): Ventricular tachycardia (VT) is also a fast heart rate starting in the heart’s lower chambers, called the ventricles. VT is defined as 3 or more heartbeats in a row, at a rate of more than 120 beats per minute. If it lasts for longer than a few seconds at a time, it can become life-threatening.
• Sinus tachycardia: Sinus tachycardia is characterized by an increase in the rate of electrical impulses arising from the sinoatrial node. During an episode of sinus tachycardia, the heart rate normally ranges between 100-150 beats per minute.

Warning signs of cardiac arrhythmia

Noticeable arrhythmia symptoms often include:

• Palpitations defined as a fluttering, rapid heartbeat or pounding in the chest.
• Lightheadedness, dizziness, fainting (syncope) or near fainting
• Chest pain or tightness
• Fatigue, weakness or feeling tired easily
• Breathing difficulties, e.g. shortness of breath 
• Difficulty walking, e.g. the feeling of facing air turbulence while walking 

If suddenly or frequently experiencing any of these signs and symptoms at a time, it is highly recommended to seek urgent medical care.

Diagnosis of cardiac arrhythmia

To diagnose a cardiac arrhythmia and rule out other conditions with similar manifestations, medical history taking and a comprehensive physical examination will be conducted by the cardiologist. In addition to blood tests, heart-monitoring tests specific to cardiac arrhythmia need to be performed. These may include:

1. 12-Lead Electrocardiography (ECG or EKG): An EKG as a standard test is used to monitor heart’s rhythm and electrical activity. During an EKG, sensors or electrodes are attached to the chest and the limbs to detect the electrical activity of the heart. It measures the timing and duration of each electrical phase in the heartbeat. An EKG is often used in patients who present with irregular heartbeats for a period of time before arriving in the hospital. Moreover, it can be used for annual cardiac screening and health check-up among healthy people who have shown no abnormal signs and symptoms.  
2. Holter Monitoring: It is a portable EKG device that can be worn to record the heart’s rhythm and electrical activity throughout 24-48 hours. The device can detect abnormal heart rhythms despite the absence of abnormal signs or symptoms. It is often recommended for patients who regularly develop short episodes of cardiac arrhythmia everyday or almost everyday.    
3. Cardiac Event Recorder: A cardiac event recorder is a battery-powered portable device, looking similar to a mobile phone. It is used to tape-record the heart’s electrical activity when the patient exhibits symptoms. For sporadic arrhythmia, the patient needs to keep this portable ECG device available, attaching it to the chest wall and pressing a button while having symptoms. After pressing a button, EKG results will be recorded and sent by telephone to a receiving center or to the hospital, enabling the cardiologist to check heart rhythm at the time of symptoms. Although it is convenient, this device is only suitable for patients who occasionally experience cardiac arrhythmia symptoms only 2-3 times/month. While cardiac event recorder is useful in patients with intermittent palpitations, it has no indication to detect syncope.
4. Implantable Loop Recorder (ILR): The implantable loop recorder is a subcutaneous device (usually the size of an USB flash drive) used for diagnosing heart rhythm disorders. The device is implanted under the skin in the left chest area to continually record the heart’s electrical activity and detect abnormal heart rhythms. This implantable heart-monitoring device is advised for patients who infrequently exhibit moderate to severe symptoms, such as syncope with unknown cause.   
5. Exercise Stress test (EST): An exercise stress test is a screening tool used to identify potential problems with heart rate, rhythm and blood flow that may predispose people to arrhythmia and other cardiovascular conditions, such as acute myocardial infarction. It shows how the heart works during physical activity or exertion. This test is often used in patients presenting with chest pain or discomfort, feeling tired easily or palpitations with unspecified cause. 
6. Echocardiography: Echocardiography uses sound waves to create moving pictures of the heart. It reveals the anatomy (including size and shape) and function of the heart chambers, heart valves and heart muscles. The echocardiography can detect a wide range of cardiac diseases, for instance, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, Cardiomegaly or an enlarged heart, valvular heart diseases (e.g. valvular stenosis or valvular regurgitation) and atrial septal defect (ASD). 
7. Electrophysiological study: An electrophysiological study is a test used to evaluate the heart’s electrical system and to check for abnormal heart rhythms. In this test, a thin, flexible tubes (catheters) tipped with electrodes are threaded through the blood vessels to several spots within the heart. Once in place, the electrodes can map the spread of electrical impulses through the heart. In addition, the electrodes can stimulate the heart to beat at rates that may trigger a cardiac arrhythmia, allowing the cardiologist to see the origin of the arrhythmia. Nevertheless, this test is only considered when the other tests are inapplicable. 

Treatment of cardiac arrhythmia

Treatment is often required if the arrhythmia causes significant symptoms putting the patients at risk of a more serious arrhythmia or arrhythmia complications. However, treatment of cardiac arrhythmia may vary among individuals, depending on type of arrhythmia and its severity as well as each patient’s condition. 

1. Anti-arrhythmic medications: For many types of tachycardia, anti-arrhythmic medications are often prescribed to control heart rate or restore a normal heart rhythm. The medications aim to minimize the chance of recurrence and mitigate complications while reducing disease severity that can potentially lead to death. 
2. Electrical cardioversion: Electrical cardioversion delivers electrical shocks to the heart through electrodes placed on the chest. The current affects the electrical impulses in the heart, resulting in a restoration of a normal rhythm.
3. Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation (RFCA): In this procedure, one or more catheters are threaded through the blood vessels in the groin, arm or neck to the heart. Electrodes attached at the catheter tips using heat, extreme cold or radiofrequency energy can ablate a small spot of heart tissue and create an electrical block along the electrical pathway causing cardiac arrhythmia. Advances in 3D electroanatomic-mapping technologies, such as a Carto 3D mapping system have been currently deployed in conjunction with radiofrequency catheter ablation in order to guide for the exact region that induces electrical abnormalities, allowing a safe and effective profile of radiofrequency while minimizing the risk of procedure-related complications. The overall success rate for SVT is considerably high, over 90%. Nevertheless, one of the key components to achieve successful treatment with the best possible outcome is an expert and experienced cardiologist supported by cutting-edge technology.   
4. Permanent pacemaker: A permanent pacemaker is an implantable device that sends electrical pulses to help the heart beat at a normal rate and rhythm. As a minimally invasive procedure, a small device is placed under the skin near the collarbone. If an abnormal heart rate is detected, the pacemaker emits electrical impulses that stimulate the heart to restore a normal rate, enabling the heart to pump the blood more efficiently throughout the body. Permanent pacemakers are used to treat bradycardia, an abnormally slow heart rate of less than 60 beats per minute. In addition, pacemakers are also used to treat syncope (unexplained fainting spells) and heart failure. 
5. Automated Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator (AICD): An AICD is a battery-powered device implanted under the skin near the collarbone. This device continuously monitors heart rhythm and electrical system. Once it detects an abnormal heart rhythm generated from the lower chambers of the heart (e.g. ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation), it sends out low- to high-energy shocks to reset the heart to a normal rhythm. The device is therefore capable of correcting most life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias, especially those that can lead to sudden cardiac arrest. It is often recommended for patients who have a weakened heart muscle and cardiac arrhythmias caused by the lower chambers of the heart. 
6. Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (CRT): Cardiac resynchronization therapy helps the heart to beat at the right rate and rhythm. It uses a pacemaker to restore the normal pattern of the heartbeat by coordinating the upper heart chambers and the lower heart chambers. Cardiac resynchronization therapy is a modality of cardiac pacing used in patients with systolic dysfunction who pose a high risk of heart failure. 

Prevention of cardiac arrhythmia

In order to prevent cardiac arrhythmia and other heart diseases, it is important to live a heart-healthy lifestyle, including:

• Having an annual health check-up and cardiac screening as recommended by the cardiologist. 
• Getting enough sleep
• Eating a heart-healthy diet while limiting alcohol and avoiding smoking 
• Staying physically active and maintaining a healthy weight
• Drinking adequate water 
• In case that the patients have other underlying conditions, diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidemia, medications to control these diseases must be strictly taken as prescribed along with regular follow-up visits.

Despite the fact that cardiac arrhythmia can strike anyone at any age, it is frequently found in patients aged over 65 who have had other preexisting conditions. It is crucial to seek urgent medical assistance if warning signs and symptoms of cardiac arrhythmia exhibits, including a fluttering in the chest or a racing heartbeat, fainting or near fainting, dizziness, chest pain or discomfort and shortness of breath. If it is left untreated, potentially life-threatening complications, such as stroke and heart failure might further develop. Under close supervision of an expert cardiologist, an early and accurate diagnosis results in effective treatments in a timely manner before the condition severely progresses.

Why is My Heart Beating so Fast?

Source: Shutterstock

Last updated: 25 Mar 2021 | 4 min reading time

Dr Liew Kay Choon Reginald

Cardiologist

A racing heart is usually harmless. But in certain cases it could be your heart telling you that something is wrong.

Is something wrong with my heart? That may be your first thought when you notice your heart beating quickly.

Racing heart rates can be scary. You may feel your heart is pumping faster or harder than usual. In some instances, you may notice skipped or fluttering heartbeats.

Fortunately, it is usually nothing to worry about. But, in some cases, it can be due to an underlying health condition.

What is a dangerous heart rate?

Your heart rate is the number of times your heart beats in one minute, and it differs from person to person. Your activities and overall health will influence your heart rate, such as how it may rise when you exercise, and how it may slow down when you’re at rest.

For adults, a normal resting heart rate is about 60 – 100 beats per minute. A fast heart rate is defined as a heart rate with over 100 beats per minute. When your heart beats too quickly, it is a condition called tachycardia. Conversely, when your heart rate is too slow, it’s called bradycardia. Bradycardia is generally defined as having a resting heart rate that’s less than 60 beats per minute.

There are many different types of tachycardia. Their classification is based on their cause and the part of the heart they affect. If it begins in the ventricles (the lower chamber of the heart), it is called ventricular tachycardia. If it starts above the ventricles, it is called supraventricular tachycardia.

While it may cause worry, experiencing tachycardia may be temporary. Tachycardia may be a reaction to the processes or chemicals in the body, such as stressful emotions, exercises, certain drugs, caffeine, alcohol and nicotine. These symptoms can be felt in your chest, throat or neck. Hormonal changes, especially during pregnancy, is also a common cause of tachycardia.

An abnormal heart rhythm may also be dangerous, even if the heart rate is within the normal range. Patients who experience frequent skipped heartbeats or irregular heartbeats- should also undergo further tests.

My heart rate won’t go down – should I be worried?

Most causes of a rapid heartbeat are not dangerous. However, it can be a problem when it happens often, lasts too long, won’t go down while at rest, or causes symptoms such as shortness of breath, dizziness or chest pain.

A faster than usual heartbeat accompanied by worrisome symptoms, can indicate an underlying health problem such as cardiovascular disease, dehydration, anaemia, electrolyte imbalance, or hyperthyroidism.

If you notice that your heart is racing a lot and it happens when you’re not exercising or stressed, do consult a doctor as soon as possible.

How are heart conditions diagnosed?

To diagnose your condition and determine the type of tachycardia, your doctor will evaluate your symptoms, perform a physical examination, and ask you about your health habits, lifestyle and medical history.

To help diagnose your condition, your doctor may use a variety of diagnostic procedures such as an electrocardiogram (ECG), echocardiogram, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computerised tomography (CT) and coronary angiogram.  Doctors may also arrange for a longer period of heart rhythm monitoring (often between 24 hours to 1 week) to look for any abnormal heart rhythms that may be causing the palpitations.

An ECG is the most common test that will be conducted. It makes use of small electrodes to record your heart’s electrical activity and can detect abnormalities in the heart. Structural abnormalities can be picked up by through cardiac imaging tests such as an echocardiogram, MRI, CT scans, coronary angiogram and chest X-ray. These imaging tests are the only way to tell if you’ve had a silent heart attack, a heart attack that occurs without apparent symptoms such as chest pain or shortness of breath.

Your doctor may also order laboratory tests to check if your condition is caused by an imbalance in electrolyte or hormones.

Once a diagnosis is made, your doctor will work out a plan to treat and manage your condition.

When to see a doctor

Seek immediate medical help if you experience a fast heartbeat accompanied by fainting, shortness of breath, dizziness and chest pain. These could be signs of serious heart disease, such as a heart attack or stroke. Delay in getting treatment can result in severe complications and permanent damage.

When your heart beats faster than normal, it’s working too hard. It doesn’t have enough time to fill up its chambers with blood or pump it to the rest of your body, and this is a matter of concern.

It doesn’t matter how healthy you are; if your heart doesn’t feel right for you, it’s worth getting a regular heart screening.

Tachycardia. Mayoclinic. Retrieved on 26 February 2021 from https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/tachycardia/symptoms-causes/syc-20355127

Should I worry about my fast pulse? Harvard Heart Letter. Retrieved on 26 February 2021 from https://www.health.harvard.edu/heart-health/should-i-worry-about-my-fast-pulse

Tachycardia: Fast Heart Rate. American Heart Association. Retrieved on 26 February 2021 from https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/arrhythmia/about-arrhythmia/tachycardia–fast-heart-rate

Silent heart attack: What are the risks? Retrieved on 26 February 2021 from https://www. mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/heart-attack/expert-answers/silent-heart-attack/faq-20057777

Article tags

Heart health

Causes of Heart Rhythm During Night Sleep – UniMedica

Our heart has a group of special cells that generate electrical impulses and cause the atria and ventricles to contract in a certain rhythm and sequence.

Thanks to special cells and its own electrical conduction system, the heart works in a certain rhythm and sequence.

The brain is not able to give the heart a command to stop, work faster or, conversely, slower. However, to say that the heart works completely autonomously is wrong. The heart rate is influenced by the autonomic nervous system, which consists of two divisions – sympathetic and parasympathetic.

Physiology of the autonomic nervous system

The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for the reaction of the heart to physical activity, stress, the entry of nutrients or toxic substances into the blood, and other external or internal stimuli. It dominates during wakefulness, during daylight hours. The stronger the stimulus, the higher the heart rate.

The parasympathetic division prevails during rest and especially during night sleep, allowing the “perpetual motion machine” – the heart muscle – to work in a more relaxed mode. Doctors figuratively call the night the “kingdom of the vagus”, the vagus nerve (vagus, lat.) – the “chief manager” of the parasympathetic.

The functioning of the parasympathetic nervous system can be disturbed for a variety of reasons, one of which is the poor quality of sleep at night. Only if sleep goes through all its phases (stages) and cycles, the vegetative system does not suffer and the heart gets the opportunity to fully relax.

Stages of the sleep cycle

Normally, in an adult, the difference between the average values ​​of daytime and nighttime heart rate reaches 7-10 beats per minute, and the heart rate during sleep depends on age and sex.

Heart rate in healthy men and women during nocturnal sleep

It should be added that the parasympathetic gets the greatest “power” over the heart around 4 am – it is at this time, in the deep sleep phase (stage 3), that the maximum slowdown in the heart rate is normally noted.

Working at night or not getting enough quality sleep leads to an imbalance in the autonomic nervous system – its sympathetic division begins to predominate day and night. The result is nocturnal tachycardia (an increase in heart rate beyond normal values), rapid exhaustion of the heart muscle and rhythm failures.

Obstructive sleep apnea is one of the causes of heart rhythm disturbances at night

Poor quality of sleep at night is very often associated with obstructive sleep apnea. In apnoics, a violation of the mechanics of sleep is combined with oxygen starvation. The lack of oxygen is also felt by the heart. This causes the heart muscle to work in an economical mode, that is, to contract less often than usual – a person periodically experiences bradycardia (a decrease in heart rate to 35 or less beats per minute).

At the same time, the sympathetic nervous system is constantly “pushing” the worn out heart, causing tachycardia and overwork of the heart muscle, which already suffers from a lack of oxygen. As a result, the heart begins to beat irregularly, contract chaotically – “flicker”. Atrial fibrillation is a very serious rhythm disorder that, if left untreated, leads to the development of heart failure, thrombosis of the coronary arteries and heart attacks.

The alternation of atrial fibrillation with compensatory bradycardia is usually also accompanied by episodes of cardiac arrest – asystole. After stopping, the “motor” may no longer start, so such patients are often installed with a device that artificially affects the heart rhythm – a pacemaker.

Timely effective treatment of obstructive sleep apnea allows you to normalize night sleep, rebuild your vegetative system and eliminate oxygen starvation of the heart, which will again begin to work correctly and without overload.

Polysomnography allows you to comprehensively analyze the work of the respiratory system, heart and blood vessels during a night’s sleep

To determine whether sleep apnea is the cause of heart rhythm problems, a special examination – polysomnography or cardiorespiratory monitoring – will help.

Cardiorespiratory monitoring makes it possible to detect episodes of apnea and rhythm disturbances

Other causes of heart rhythm disturbances at night

If breathing during sleep is not disturbed, but the heart beats unevenly at night, too often or, conversely, rarely, you need to look for another cause. These can be various diseases, as well as the effect of substances coming from food or drinks (for example, caffeine), drugs.

So, for example, an increase in heart rate at night over 90 beats per minute is the result of:

• hypertension (high blood pressure) or, conversely, hypotension (low pressure) in combination with vegetovascular dystonia;
• panic attacks;
• decreased vagal tone;
• mineral imbalance;
• severe stress;
• drinking coffee or strong tea before bed;
• the action of certain medicinal substances – atropine, ephedrine, camphor.

Bradycardia can be caused by:

• pathological increase in the tone of the vagus nerve, including those associated with aggravated heredity, craniocerebral trauma, infectious diseases;
• age-related vascular changes;
• hormonal imbalance;
• coronary heart disease and other cardiac pathologies;
• taking medications that reduce the tone of the sympathetic nervous system.

An important point! If the above problems are combined with obstructive sleep apnea, the prognosis is significantly worse. Without the restoration of normal night breathing and good sleep, taking medications either does not bring results, or allows you to restore the heart rhythm incompletely and for a short time.

In case of heart rhythm disturbance during a night’s sleep, it is recommended to consult a somnologist and undergo an examination

Therefore, if the heart does not work properly at night, it is necessary, first of all, to make an appointment with a somnologist and undergo a diagnosis. If you are diagnosed with sleep apnea, then it is possible that by getting rid of this problem, you will be able to forget about heart rhythm problems without any additional treatment.

Sudden cardiac arrest: symptoms and causes | Blog

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The heart is the main organ of the human body, it pumps blood non-stop, providing oxygen to all organs and tissues. But suddenly the heart stops working. Why does this happen, how to recognize the condition and how to help a person?

Sudden cardiac arrest – a sudden cessation of the heartbeat, the disappearance of the pulse, a drop in blood pressure and lack of oxygen supply throughout the body. As a result, the organs do not receive the oxygen necessary for life, the tissues quickly begin to die. Time is counted by seconds, this condition requires urgent action – and what kind of actions we will tell today.

Causes of sudden cardiac arrest

Why can the heart suddenly stop? There are many reasons for this:

• Heart rhythm disorder – ventricular fibrillation (ventricular arrhythmia)
• Ischemic heart disease (impaired blood supply to the myocardium)
• Cardiomyopathy (hypertrophic, dilated, etc. )
• Electromechanical dissociation – mismatch of the electrical impulses of the heart with muscle contractions
• Sick sinus syndrome

• Myocarditis
• Previous heart attack
• Diseases of the heart valves
• Blood electrolyte disorders (hypo/hyperkalemia)
• Acute cessation of blood supply to the heart (obstruction of the arteries by plaque, embolus, foreign body)

External risk factors 900 21

The causes of cardiac arrest can also be the so-called “indirect” problems. Since pathology is inextricably linked with the activity of the cardiovascular system, the following risk factors can be distinguished:

• Smoking
• Alcohol abuse
• Uncontrolled arterial hypertension, hypertension
• Elevated blood cholesterol
• Diabetes mellitus
• Overweight
• Sedentary lifestyle 90 080
• Hypothermia, overheating
• Age – older people at risk of sudden cardiac arrest above
• Excessive physical activity
• Heredity
• Gender (men suffer more often)

We can prevent most of these factors – by modifying your lifestyle, giving up overeating, bad habits, you can significantly reduce the risk of sudden cardiac arrest!

The first signs of sudden cardiac arrest

Cardiac arrest develops abruptly, its symptoms appear unexpectedly and increase very quickly.

In order to suspect sudden cardiac arrest in time by the main symptoms, it is important to recognize them in a timely manner.

• Sudden loss of consciousness
• 2-3 ​​convulsive breaths, then complete cessation of breathing
• Absence of pulse on large vessels
• Pale skin of the face, extremities
• Sometimes – convulsions

In some cases, cardiac arrest is preceded by:

• Pain, chest discomfort
• Rapid heartbeat, sensation of irregular rhythm
• Respiratory failure, shortness of breath
• Weakness in the body

Immediate first aid

If you notice symptoms similar to those listed above, the first thing to do is call an ambulance immediately. While the doctors are on the way, it is important not to waste time, but to start resuscitation as soon as possible. To do this:

1. Make sure that there is no danger around – the victim is lying on a hard, level surface, not on the roadway, there are no exposed wires, etc. around.

2. Call the victim, pinch him on the shoulder, “shake”.

3. If the person does not come to his senses after these actions, check the presence of a pulse on the carotid artery and breathing – to do this, put two fingers on the area of ​​the artery, tilt your ear to the victim’s nose, visually assessing the movements of the chest in parallel.

4. Breathing and pulse are not audible – then tilt the victim’s head back, gently open the mouth and make sure that there are no foreign objects in the oral cavity that could interfere with breathing.

5. If all the steps are completed and the person does not come to his senses, immediately start an indirect heart massage – to do this, roughly divide the sternum into three equal parts, fold your hands into a “European lock” and perform pressure to a depth of about 5-6 cm with a frequency of 100-120 beats per minute.

6. If it is possible to find an assistant, be sure to do so. Performing resuscitation is hard physical work and you can get tired quickly.

7. Chest compressions should be performed before the arrival of medical personnel or until the victim returns to consciousness.

Knowing these basic skills will save a life! Summing up, it is worth mentioning how important it is to be regularly examined by a cardiologist, even in the absence of any complaints. We invite you to a comprehensive examination at the Clinic of St. Nicholas – entrust your health to professionals!

Book an appointment with a cardiologist

Article written by a cardiologist at St. Nicholas Clinic

Bogoslav Tatyana Viktorovna

Cardiologist, Candidate of Medical Sciences,

work experience 26 years

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