What are the potential life-threatening complications of hiatal hernias. How can hiatal hernias be accurately diagnosed and effectively treated. What surgical approaches are recommended for managing severe cases of hiatal hernia.

Understanding Hiatal Hernias: Causes, Symptoms, and Diagnostic Challenges

A hiatal hernia occurs when part of the stomach protrudes through the diaphragm into the chest cavity. While many cases are asymptomatic, some patients experience a distinct set of symptoms that can significantly impact their quality of life.

What are the common symptoms of a hiatal hernia? The typical symptom complex includes:

• Substernal or epigastric pain
• Acid eructations (belching)
• Pain exacerbation with increased intra-abdominal pressure

Why are hiatal hernias often misdiagnosed? The non-specific nature of symptoms and the fact that many cases are asymptomatic contribute to frequent diagnostic errors. Physicians may overlook the significance of hiatal hernias, leading to delayed or inappropriate treatment.

The Controversy Surrounding Hiatal Hernia Management

The management of hiatal hernias has been a subject of debate in the medical community. Why is there controversy regarding hiatal hernia treatment? The primary reasons include:

1. The asymptomatic nature of many cases
2. The mild symptoms experienced by some patients
3. Uncertainty about the long-term prognosis of untreated hernias

How do physicians typically approach hiatal hernia treatment? Many opt for conservative management, prescribing a bland diet, antacids, and lifestyle modifications. However, this approach may not address the underlying anatomical issue and can lead to complications if the hernia progresses.

Catastrophic Complications: When Hiatal Hernias Turn Deadly

While many hiatal hernias remain benign, some cases can lead to life-threatening complications. What are the potential catastrophic outcomes of untreated hiatal hernias?

• Strangulation of herniated stomach tissue
• Massive hemorrhage
• Perforation of the stomach or esophagus
• Severe infection and sepsis

How quickly can these complications develop? In some cases, patients may progress from mild symptoms to life-threatening conditions within hours or days, emphasizing the importance of prompt diagnosis and appropriate management.

Advanced Diagnostic Techniques for Hiatal Hernia Detection

Accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective hiatal hernia management. What diagnostic tools are available for identifying hiatal hernias?

• Barium swallow studies
• Upper endoscopy
• CT scans with oral contrast
• High-resolution manometry
• pH monitoring

How can physicians improve their diagnostic accuracy? By combining multiple diagnostic modalities and maintaining a high index of suspicion in patients with typical symptom complexes, doctors can enhance their ability to detect and properly categorize hiatal hernias.

Surgical Interventions: When Conservative Management Falls Short

For patients with severe symptoms or those at risk of complications, surgical intervention may be necessary. What are the primary surgical approaches for hiatal hernia repair?

1. Laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication
2. Laparoscopic Toupet fundoplication
3. Robotic-assisted repair
4. Open surgical repair (for complex cases)

How do surgeons determine the most appropriate surgical technique? Factors influencing the choice of procedure include:

• Size and type of hernia
• Patient’s overall health status
• Presence of complicating factors (e.g., obesity, previous abdominal surgeries)
• Surgeon’s expertise and preference

Post-Surgical Care and Long-Term Outcomes

Successful surgical repair of a hiatal hernia is just the beginning of the recovery process. What should patients expect during the post-operative period?

• Gradual reintroduction of solid foods
• Temporary dysphagia (difficulty swallowing)
• Potential for gas bloat syndrome
• Need for ongoing lifestyle modifications

How can patients optimize their long-term outcomes following hiatal hernia surgery? Adherence to post-operative instructions, regular follow-up with their healthcare team, and maintaining a healthy lifestyle are crucial for ensuring lasting success and preventing recurrence.

Emerging Trends in Hiatal Hernia Research and Treatment

The field of hiatal hernia management continues to evolve. What are some promising areas of research and innovation?

• Magnetic sphincter augmentation devices
• Endoscopic plication techniques
• Bioengineered mesh materials for hernia repair
• Personalized medicine approaches based on genetic profiling

How might these advances impact patient care in the future? As research progresses, patients may benefit from less invasive procedures, improved long-term outcomes, and more tailored treatment strategies based on individual risk factors and genetic predispositions.

The Role of Multidisciplinary Care in Hiatal Hernia Management

Effective management of hiatal hernias often requires a collaborative approach. Which medical specialties typically contribute to hiatal hernia care?

• Gastroenterology
• General Surgery
• Thoracic Surgery
• Radiology
• Nutrition
• Physical Therapy

How does a multidisciplinary approach benefit patients with hiatal hernias? By bringing together expertise from various specialties, healthcare teams can provide comprehensive care that addresses all aspects of the condition, from initial diagnosis through long-term management and potential complications.

Patient Education and Self-Management Strategies

Empowering patients with knowledge and self-management tools is crucial for optimizing outcomes. What are some key areas of patient education for those with hiatal hernias?

• Understanding the anatomy and mechanics of hiatal hernias
• Recognizing warning signs of potential complications
• Implementing dietary modifications to minimize symptoms
• Practicing proper posture and body mechanics
• Stress management techniques

How can healthcare providers effectively communicate this information to patients? Utilizing a combination of verbal instruction, written materials, and multimedia resources can help ensure that patients fully grasp the complexities of their condition and the importance of adherence to treatment plans.

The Impact of Obesity on Hiatal Hernia Development and Treatment

Obesity is a significant risk factor for hiatal hernia development and can complicate treatment. How does excess weight contribute to hiatal hernia formation?

• Increased intra-abdominal pressure
• Weakening of the diaphragmatic muscles
• Alteration of normal anatomical relationships in the upper abdomen

What strategies can be employed to address obesity in hiatal hernia patients? A comprehensive approach may include:

1. Medically supervised weight loss programs
2. Bariatric surgery evaluation in select cases
3. Integration of nutritional counseling into hiatal hernia management plans
4. Emphasizing the importance of weight management in long-term hernia prevention

Pediatric Hiatal Hernias: Unique Considerations and Approaches

While hiatal hernias are more common in adults, they can also occur in children. What are some distinguishing features of pediatric hiatal hernias?

• Often congenital in nature
• May be associated with other developmental abnormalities
• Can present with failure to thrive or recurrent respiratory infections

How does the management of pediatric hiatal hernias differ from adult cases? Pediatric cases require:

1. Careful consideration of growth and development
2. Specialized surgical techniques to accommodate smaller anatomy
3. Long-term follow-up to monitor for recurrence during periods of rapid growth
4. Collaboration between pediatric surgeons, gastroenterologists, and nutritionists

The Role of Minimally Invasive Techniques in Hiatal Hernia Repair

Advancements in surgical technology have led to an increase in minimally invasive approaches to hiatal hernia repair. What are the potential benefits of laparoscopic and robotic-assisted techniques?

• Reduced postoperative pain
• Shorter hospital stays
• Faster recovery times
• Improved cosmetic outcomes
• Potential for reduced risk of certain complications

Are minimally invasive techniques suitable for all hiatal hernia cases? While many patients can benefit from these approaches, factors such as hernia size, presence of severe adhesions, or other anatomical considerations may necessitate traditional open surgery in some cases. The decision should be made on an individual basis, taking into account the patient’s overall health status and the surgeon’s expertise.

Addressing Quality of Life Issues in Hiatal Hernia Patients

Hiatal hernias can significantly impact a patient’s quality of life, even when not causing severe medical complications. What are some common quality of life issues faced by individuals with hiatal hernias?

• Chronic discomfort or pain
• Sleep disturbances due to nocturnal reflux
• Dietary restrictions and fear of eating
• Social embarrassment related to symptoms
• Anxiety about potential complications

How can healthcare providers address these quality of life concerns? A comprehensive approach may include:

1. Regular assessment of symptom burden and impact on daily activities
2. Incorporation of psychological support or counseling when needed
3. Exploration of complementary therapies (e.g., acupuncture, mindfulness) to manage symptoms
4. Patient support groups or online communities for shared experiences and coping strategies
5. Ongoing education about lifestyle modifications and symptom management techniques

The Future of Hiatal Hernia Prevention and Early Intervention

As our understanding of hiatal hernias grows, there is increasing focus on prevention and early intervention strategies. What are some promising areas of research in hiatal hernia prevention?

• Identification of genetic markers for hernia susceptibility
• Development of targeted exercises to strengthen the diaphragm and surrounding muscles
• Investigation of dietary factors that may contribute to hernia formation
• Exploration of novel imaging techniques for early detection of small hernias

How might these preventive strategies be implemented in clinical practice? Future approaches may include:

1. Routine screening for high-risk individuals
2. Integration of preventive exercises into general wellness programs
3. Personalized dietary recommendations based on individual risk profiles
4. Development of minimally invasive interventions for very small, asymptomatic hernias to prevent progression

By focusing on prevention and early intervention, the medical community aims to reduce the incidence of severe hiatal hernias and their associated complications, ultimately improving patient outcomes and quality of life.

CATASTROPHIC COMPLICATIONS OF HIATUS HERNIA | JAMA Surgery

CATASTROPHIC COMPLICATIONS OF HIATUS HERNIA | JAMA Surgery | JAMA Network










[Skip to Navigation]

This Issue

• 
  Download PDF
• 
  Full Text




• 
  Share

  
  Twitter
  Facebook
  Email
  LinkedIn

• 
  Cite This
• 
  Permissions

Article

November 1952

WILLIAM P. KLEITSCH, M.D.

Author Affiliations

OMAHA

From the Departments of Surgery of the Creighton University School of Medicine and the United States Veterans Hospital.

AMA Arch Surg. 1952;65(5):665-672. doi:10.1001/archsurg.1952.01260020657003

Full Text

Abstract

AN ESOPHAGEAL hiatus hernia is frequently asymptomatic or unsuspected until it is discovered accidentally when roentgenograms of the gastrointestinal tract are made because of other pathology.¹ Not uncommonly, however, such hernias do produce symptoms. It is important to note that these symptoms, although mild and intermittent, form a definite symptom complex if truly caused by hiatus hernia. This symptom complex consists of substernal or epigastric pain, acid eructations, and, most characteristically, aggravation of the pain precipitated by maneuvers which increase intra-abdominal pressure. ²

Because of the fact that many esophageal hiatus hernias are asymptomatic and many of those that are symptomatic are only mildly so, there has been a controversy as to what should be done about them. Errors in diagnosis are frequent, and the significance of hiatus hernia is often overlooked. Frequently the dilemma is solved (?) by the physician by prescribing medical treatment consisting of a bland

Full Text

Add or change institution

• Academic Medicine
• Acid Base, Electrolytes, Fluids
• Allergy and Clinical Immunology
• Anesthesiology
• Anticoagulation
• Art and Images in Psychiatry
• Assisted Reproduction
• Bleeding and Transfusion
• Cardiology
• Caring for the Critically Ill Patient
• Challenges in Clinical Electrocardiography
• Climate and Health
• Clinical Challenge
• Clinical Decision Support
• Clinical Implications of Basic Neuroscience
• Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology
• Complementary and Alternative Medicine
• Consensus Statements
• Coronavirus (COVID-19)
• Critical Care Medicine
• Cultural Competency
• Dental Medicine
• Dermatology
• Diabetes and Endocrinology
• Diagnostic Test Interpretation
• Drug Development
• Electronic Health Records
• Emergency Medicine
• End of Life
• Environmental Health
• Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion
• Ethics
• Facial Plastic Surgery
• Gastroenterology and Hepatology
• Genetics and Genomics
• Genomics and Precision Health
• Geriatrics
• Global Health
• Guide to Statistics and Methods
• Guidelines
• Hair Disorders
• Health Care Delivery Models
• Health Care Economics, Insurance, Payment
• Health Care Quality
• Health Care Reform
• Health Care Safety
• Health Care Workforce
• Health Disparities
• Health Inequities
• Health Informatics
• Health Policy
• Hematology
• History of Medicine
• Humanities
• Hypertension
• Images in Neurology
• Implementation Science
• Infectious Diseases
• Innovations in Health Care Delivery
• JAMA Infographic
• Law and Medicine
• Leading Change
• Less is More
• LGBTQIA Medicine
• Lifestyle Behaviors
• Medical Coding
• Medical Devices and Equipment
• Medical Education
• Medical Education and Training
• Medical Journals and Publishing
• Melanoma
• Mobile Health and Telemedicine
• Narrative Medicine
• Nephrology
• Neurology
• Neuroscience and Psychiatry
• Notable Notes
• Nursing
• Nutrition
• Nutrition, Obesity, Exercise
• Obesity
• Obstetrics and Gynecology
• Occupational Health
• Oncology
• Ophthalmology
• Orthopedics
• Otolaryngology
• Pain Medicine
• Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
• Patient Care
• Patient Information
• Pediatrics
• Performance Improvement
• Performance Measures
• Perioperative Care and Consultation
• Pharmacoeconomics
• Pharmacoepidemiology
• Pharmacogenetics
• Pharmacy and Clinical Pharmacology
• Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
• Physical Therapy
• Physician Leadership
• Poetry
• Population Health
• Professional Well-being
• Professionalism
• Psychiatry and Behavioral Health
• Public Health
• Pulmonary Medicine
• Radiology
• Regulatory Agencies
• Research, Methods, Statistics
• Resuscitation
• Rheumatology
• Risk Management
• Scientific Discovery and the Future of Medicine
• Shared Decision Making and Communication
• Sleep Medicine
• Sports Medicine
• Stem Cell Transplantation
• Substance Use and Addiction Medicine
• Surgery
• Surgical Innovation
• Surgical Pearls
• Teachable Moment
• Technology and Finance
• The Art of JAMA
• The Arts and Medicine
• The Rational Clinical Examination
• Tobacco and e-Cigarettes
• Toxicology
• Translational Medicine
• Trauma and Injury
• Treatment Adherence
• Ultrasonography
• Urology
• Users’ Guide to the Medical Literature
• Vaccination
• Venous Thromboembolism
• Veterans Health
• Violence
• Women’s Health
• Workflow and Process
• Wound Care, Infection, Healing

Save Preferences

Privacy Policy | Terms of Use

Modified Anterior Crural Repair for Hiatal Hernia | JAMA Surgery

Modified Anterior Crural Repair for Hiatal Hernia | JAMA Surgery | JAMA Network










[Skip to Navigation]

This Issue

• 
  Download PDF
• 
  Full Text




• 
  Share

  
  Twitter
  Facebook
  Email
  LinkedIn

• 
  Cite This
• 
  Permissions

Article

April 1982

Robert H. Wilbee, MD

Author Affiliations

From the Medical Center of Las Cruces, New Mexico.

Arch Surg. 1982;117(4):510-511. doi:10.1001/archsurg.1982.01380280088019

Full Text

Abstract

† Excellent relief from symptomatic hiatal hernia was obtained with a simple surgical procedure in which the two halves of the right crus were closed anterior to the esophagus, after which the lesser curvature of the gastric fundus was attached to this bed by the tails of same sutures.

(Arch Surg 1982;117:510-511)

Full Text

Add or change institution

• Academic Medicine
• Acid Base, Electrolytes, Fluids
• Allergy and Clinical Immunology
• Anesthesiology
• Anticoagulation
• Art and Images in Psychiatry
• Assisted Reproduction
• Bleeding and Transfusion
• Cardiology
• Caring for the Critically Ill Patient
• Challenges in Clinical Electrocardiography
• Climate and Health
• Clinical Challenge
• Clinical Decision Support
• Clinical Implications of Basic Neuroscience
• Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology
• Complementary and Alternative Medicine
• Consensus Statements
• Coronavirus (COVID-19)
• Critical Care Medicine
• Cultural Competency
• Dental Medicine
• Dermatology
• Diabetes and Endocrinology
• Diagnostic Test Interpretation
• Drug Development
• Electronic Health Records
• Emergency Medicine
• End of Life
• Environmental Health
• Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion
• Ethics
• Facial Plastic Surgery
• Gastroenterology and Hepatology
• Genetics and Genomics
• Genomics and Precision Health
• Geriatrics
• Global Health
• Guide to Statistics and Methods
• Guidelines
• Hair Disorders
• Health Care Delivery Models
• Health Care Economics, Insurance, Payment
• Health Care Quality
• Health Care Reform
• Health Care Safety
• Health Care Workforce
• Health Disparities
• Health Inequities
• Health Informatics
• Health Policy
• Hematology
• History of Medicine
• Humanities
• Hypertension
• Images in Neurology
• Implementation Science
• Infectious Diseases
• Innovations in Health Care Delivery
• JAMA Infographic
• Law and Medicine
• Leading Change
• Less is More
• LGBTQIA Medicine
• Lifestyle Behaviors
• Medical Coding
• Medical Devices and Equipment
• Medical Education
• Medical Education and Training
• Medical Journals and Publishing
• Melanoma
• Mobile Health and Telemedicine
• Narrative Medicine
• Nephrology
• Neurology
• Neuroscience and Psychiatry
• Notable Notes
• Nursing
• Nutrition
• Nutrition, Obesity, Exercise
• Obesity
• Obstetrics and Gynecology
• Occupational Health
• Oncology
• Ophthalmology
• Orthopedics
• Otolaryngology
• Pain Medicine
• Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
• Patient Care
• Patient Information
• Pediatrics
• Performance Improvement
• Performance Measures
• Perioperative Care and Consultation
• Pharmacoeconomics
• Pharmacoepidemiology
• Pharmacogenetics
• Pharmacy and Clinical Pharmacology
• Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
• Physical Therapy
• Physician Leadership
• Poetry
• Population Health
• Professional Well-being
• Professionalism
• Psychiatry and Behavioral Health
• Public Health
• Pulmonary Medicine
• Radiology
• Regulatory Agencies
• Research, Methods, Statistics
• Resuscitation
• Rheumatology
• Risk Management
• Scientific Discovery and the Future of Medicine
• Shared Decision Making and Communication
• Sleep Medicine
• Sports Medicine
• Stem Cell Transplantation
• Substance Use and Addiction Medicine
• Surgery
• Surgical Innovation
• Surgical Pearls
• Teachable Moment
• Technology and Finance
• The Art of JAMA
• The Arts and Medicine
• The Rational Clinical Examination
• Tobacco and e-Cigarettes
• Toxicology
• Translational Medicine
• Trauma and Injury
• Treatment Adherence
• Ultrasonography
• Urology
• Users’ Guide to the Medical Literature
• Vaccination
• Venous Thromboembolism
• Veterans Health
• Violence
• Women’s Health
• Workflow and Process
• Wound Care, Infection, Healing

Save Preferences

Privacy Policy | Terms of Use

90,000 Testimonials from K. Puchkov’s patients operated on for hiatal hernia.

06/22/2020 13:44:00
Tsukanova Natalia

Congratulations to Professor Konstantin Viktorovich Puchkov and the entire staff of the Swiss University Clinic on their professional holiday – Medical Worker’s Day. Thank you, dear colleagues (I am a doctor myself), for your hard and invaluable work: you help people restore their health, and sometimes save their lives. Low bow to you!!!
I am infinitely grateful to Konstantin Viktorovich for the successful operation on 03/16/20 for my HH. I got rid of a long-term problem and found a full life. Many specialized clinics refused me an operation, citing my advanced age, I am 74 years old, the presence of chronic concomitant diseases, large hernias and the age of the process. At best, they did not guarantee a positive result. Prof. Puchkov, having familiarized himself with the anamnesis, with my analyzes, examinations, without hesitation, agreed.
I have read a book by prof. Puchkova “How to become a successful surgeon and remain so all my life” in one breath, with great interest, and she made an indelible impression on me. Many have not read this book, and I want to tell people who have health problems about an outstanding surgeon, a wonderful person, Professor Konstantin Viktorovich Puchkov. I admire his high professionalism. He has deep knowledge, vast experience and creative skills. He is a talented, first-class surgeon. The operation that K.V. Puchkov performed on me, right?
has been worked for a long time by a French surgeon, but only for open abdominal operations. Prof. K.V. Puchkov was the first to perform this operation in a laparoscopic approach. He developed the surgical technique himself, proved its excellent efficiency and received a patent for this invention. Puchkov individually, sometimes not standard, approaches the treatment of each patient and chooses the method and volume of the operation that will be optimal for him. K.V. Puchkov owns many related specialties and successfully operates in general surgery, urology, and gynecology,
in both coloproctology and plastic surgery. This allows him to perform simultaneously (simultaneously) up to 5 operations on various organs with combined diseases of the abdominal cavity, small pelvis and retroperitoneal space. KV Puchkov loves his profession, is devoted to it. This is his calling. The purpose of his life, as I understood from the book I read, is to achieve excellence, to be the best in my profession, not to stop there, to go forward, constantly improving. He uses the latest, advanced methods of treatment, including those developed by himself.
K.V. Puchkov loves not only his job, but also loves people whom he has faithfully served for decades. Despite the very busy schedule of work (from morning until late at night, operations, bypasses and consultations between them), he finds time to talk with the patient, calm him down before the operation, inspire confidence in the success of the operation, evoking a feeling of trust and peace in the patient’s soul.
KV Puchkov has charisma. He radiates calmness, confidence in himself and in his work, high responsibility to patients, self-control, purposefulness, goodwill towards people, great diligence. He helps many people to restore health and a full life. This is the meaning and purpose of his whole life. Patients come to him from all over the country, as well as from other countries. He has great authority and recognition in our country and abroad. He speaks at Russian and foreign congresses, conducts a master class
sy with demonstration operations both in Russia and in the West, publishes many scientific papers. monographs, has a scientific title: doctor of medical sciences. He has performed tens of thousands of laparoscopic operations, including those developed by himself, protected by patents. He is rightfully considered one of the best surgeons in the world in the field of laparoscopic surgery, urology, coloproctology, gynecology, oncology. .He was awarded the honorary badge “Golden Laparoscope.”
I am proud that we have such a surgeon as Konstantin Viktorovich Puchkov. I will recommend him, in case of health problems, to my relatives, friends, acquaintances. He will not leave you in trouble and will always come to the rescue.
Konstantin Viktorovich, I am infinitely grateful to you for your responsible and conscientious work, for your talent as a surgeon. I wish you health, happiness and success in achieving new discoveries and achievements.
With deep respect and gratitude.

Diaphragmatic hernias

Diaphragmatic hernias

general information

For patients, all cases of diaphragmatic hernias can be divided into safe and potentially dangerous variants. The safe option is most often represented by sliding hiatal hernias. Dangerous hernias include defects in the diaphragm through which it is dangerous by infringement or when large volumes of the contents of the abdominal cavity move into the chest. Safe hernias require observation and only in some cases surgical treatment. Dangerous diaphragmatic hernias need to be operated on immediately.

http://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=20924459

For more information sign up for a consultation.

What is the danger of a sliding hernia of the esophageal opening of the diaphragm.

Diaphragmatic hernia itself is harmless in most cases. However, diaphragmatic hernia can contribute to the development of the reflux of stomach contents into the lumen of the esophagus – gastroesophageal (gastroesophageal reflux). Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD, GERD) develops.

Prolonged exposure to acid (from the stomach) or alkaline (from the duodenum) reflux on the esophagus leads first to inflammatory changes (esophagitis), then to changes in epithelial cells (metaplasia – Barrett’s esophagus), and then to cancer of the esophagus.

How often do we see diaphragmatic hernia GERD

Hiatus hernia (HH) and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) are common diseases in gastroenterology and often require surgical treatment. According to the survey, the presence of symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux is detected in 30-40% of the population, and up to 25% of patients in this group need constant medication, and up to 15% – exclusively in surgical treatment.

Endovideosurgical interventions for gastroesophageal reflux disease and hiatal hernia.

The area of ​​the esophageal-gastric junction is considered to be anatomically “uncomfortable”, therefore, in traditional antireflux surgery, adequate access is a key issue.

Over the past century, surgical techniques have improved. Domestic surgeons Yu.E. Berezov, B.V. Petrovsky, N.N. Kanshin, A.F. Chernousov, A.I. this branch of surgery.

The main disadvantages of open operations are a significant traumatic effect on tissues, severe pain in the postoperative period, as well as infectious complications from surgical wounds and the formation of postoperative hernias. Regardless of the constitution of the patient, an extended median laparotomy, often with the removal of the xiphoid process, is necessary to ensure free access to the diaphragmatic pedicles, esophagus, and gastric fundus.

A new stage and rise in the treatment of HH and GERD is associated with the development and implementation of EVH technologies in clinical practice.

In 1991, Nathanaon, Cuschieri, and Shimi reported the first laparoscopic anti-reflux surgery, round ligament gastropexy. In the same year, B.Dallemagne (Belgium) and T.Geagea (Canada) performed the first Nissen laparoscopic operation.

Since 2000, in a number of countries, among laparoscopic interventions on the abdominal organs, antireflux operations have become second only to cholecystectomy in frequency.

Today, endovideosurgical antireflux operations are widely used in the world and are the method of choice.

The main advantages of laparoscopic access are: good visualization of the intervention area; ease of manipulation in the area of ​​the esophageal-gastric junction; low invasiveness, which determines the absence of a pronounced pain syndrome in the early postoperative period; low percentage of postoperative hernia formation; good cosmetic effect; economic benefit associated with a reduction in the duration of hospitalization and the consumption of medicines and dressings

Indications for endovideosurgical interventions for GERD and HH are:

To date, indications for surgical treatment of GER have been formulated. Some of them require clarification and further justification.

1. Lack of effect from conservative treatment.

2. Progression of the disease, despite the maximum dose of drugs. According to statistics, in 40% of patients in this group, continued drug treatment leads to the development of complications in the form of ulceration, stricture and secondary shortening of the esophagus over the next 5 years, and the risk of subsequent surgical treatment increases dramatically. Therefore, patients in this group should be operated on as soon as possible.

3. The need for long-term and intensive drug treatment. Young patients suffering from gastroesophageal reflux, the presence of which is confirmed during the examination, are ideal candidates for surgical treatment. Coley et al. proved to significantly reduce the cost and improve the results of treatment with a surgical approach in a group of patients younger than 49 years.

4. The patient’s unwillingness to carry out long-term drug treatment due to the high cost of the latter, the inconvenience or danger of side effects.

5. Non-compliance by the patient with the regimen of drug treatment.

6. Esophagitis of 3-4 degrees, which persists after repeated long courses of conservative treatment, in case of alternating acid and alkaline reflux. It has been proven that taking antisecretory drugs in this group of patients is ineffective.

7. Moderately pronounced esophagitis (1-2 degrees) in patients with signs of mechanical insufficiency of the cardia and frequent episodes of GER.

8. The presence of an axial hernia of the esophageal opening of the diaphragm with gastroesophageal reflux (usually refractory to drug treatment).

9. Paraesophageal HH, even without signs of GER.

10. Complicated course of GER, including the formation of ulcers, strictures of the esophagus, Barrett’s esophagus, severe pulmonary complications. This group clearly demonstrates the benefits of surgical treatment of GER, which allows patients to return to a normal quality of life without the need for further medication. In case of strictures of the esophagus, the need for dilatation of the cardia after antireflux surgery is reduced fivefold, and extraesophageal, including pulmonary manifestations of GER are stopped

11. Severe respiratory manifestations of GER, such as aspiration, frequent pneumonia, chronic laryngitis. Only 50% of patients in this group have chest pain, heartburn, or endoscopy findings. However, a comprehensive examination using modern methods can confirm the presence of gastroesophageal reflux.

12. Concomitant diseases of the abdominal cavity requiring surgical intervention.

Indications for surgical treatment of GERD can be somewhat expanded using endovideosurgery, as a less traumatic intervention with a relatively low risk.

The main contraindications to laparoscopic interventions should be considered: severe cardiovascular disorders; respiratory failure; disorders of the blood coagulation system; late pregnancy; previous operations on the upper floor of the abdominal cavity.

Methods of surgical treatment for sliding hernias of the esophageal opening of the diaphragm

Currently, there are several methods of laparoscopic antireflux operations, however, Nissen, Dor and Toupet methods are mentioned and analyzed in the literature as the most commonly used.

The choice of the method of surgical support depends on the nature of the underlying and concomitant diseases, the preference of the surgeon, and remains one of the most discussed problems in this section of surgery. As a rule, the fundoplication is supplemented with an anterior or posterior crurorrhaphy. In pediatric practice, synthetic prostheses are sometimes used to replace large hernial defects.

Results of treatment of diaphragmatic hernias (laparoscopic fundoplications).

Our clinic has the experience of 238 anti-reflux surgeries using endovideosurgical technologies.

To correct the function of the gastroesophageal junction, we performed the following types of EVC fundoplications: by the Nissen method 15 (6. 3%), by the Toupet method – 35 (14.7%), by the Dor method 188 (79%).

The average duration of EVH antireflux surgery is 70-90 minutes and depends on the method of fundoplication.

Intraoperative complications were noted in 5 (2.4%) patients (esophageal perforation – 1, spleen injury – 1, pleura injury – 1, bleeding from the crus of the diaphragm – 2). Only in 1 case of esophageal perforation, access conversion was required to eliminate the complication.

In the first two days of the postoperative period, the patient can drink. On the third day after the operation, liquid food is allowed, on the fourth – soft food. The patient switches to a normal diet with the use of dense food (bread, hard fruits, vegetables, etc.) from the 6th week after the operation.

Painkillers in the immediate postoperative period are used as needed.

In our experience, in the absence of complications, most patients can be discharged from the hospital 3-4 days after surgery.

In the postoperative period, we studied the results of treatment at 1 and 6 months after surgery.

Subjectively, in the immediate postoperative period, 8 (3.9%) patients had short-term dysphagia, which spontaneously stopped by the time the patients were discharged and was probably associated with postoperative edema in the intervention area.

After the Nissen operation, one patient developed signs of impaired swallowing of solid food, pain in the epigastrium. An endoscopic examination revealed a narrowing of the lumen of the esophagus in the region of the LES, which made it difficult to carry out the endoscope, due to the increased pressure of the fundoplication cuff. The patient underwent two courses of endoscopic bougienage with a positive effect.

In one elderly patient, a month after the Dor fundoplication, signs of severe gastroesophageal reflux appeared simultaneously with cholecystectomy.