Causes, Symptoms & How to Treat

• Foot and Ankle

10/12/2018

Do you know how many nerve endings are in your toes? Chances are, you don’t think much about them until you stub one on a coffee table or drop a heavy item on it. It’s a painful reminder; one that makes you wonder how it’s possible for such a minor injury to cause such agony.

Because the pain from a toe injury can be so intense, sometimes it’s hard to know whether you sprained your toe or if you’ve actually fractured it.

Below is a comparison of symptoms between a sprained toe and a broken toe, to help differentiate one from the other. Please note that such an overview is for informational purposes only and that you should always seek medical attention when you’ve experienced a serious injury.

Sprained Big Toe vs. Broken Big Toe: What’s the Difference?

When a person stubs a toe, they may suffer an injury to the tendons around their toe bones. If the injury is minor, icing it, resting, and over-the-counter painkillers may make you feel better. However, sometimes, the injuries are more severe and require medical attention.

Broken Toe Symptoms vs Sprained Toe Symptoms

Let’s compare the symptoms of broken and sprained toes and go over how to tell the difference between them so you can get the right treatment.

If you haven’t seen a doctor yet, examine the symptoms below to determine if your toe may be broken or sprained. You’ll find the different symptoms in bold.

How to Tell If Your Toe is Sprained

Sprained Toe Causes

Sprained toes may happen by a lot more than stubbing it on furniture or a wall corner. Sprained toes can happen both by a specific injury or by repeated stress, such as:

• Running
• Sports that require frequent jumping
• Certain types of competitive dancing
• Gymnastics
• Putting too much stress on your feet
• Ballet dancing

Sprained Toe Symptoms

Some of the most commons symptoms are:

• Bruising
• Tenderness
• Swelling
• Stiffness
• Pain while moving your toe
• Painful mobility
• Throbbing

Can You Move a Sprained Toe?

Generally speaking, yes, a person could move a sprained toe. However, said movement may cause additional pain.

If there’s a tear in a ligament, mobility may be limited. The ligaments may have slight bruising, yet remain functional; or they may have a tear, which will affect the mobility of your toe and its ability to put weight on it.

How to Tell If You Broke Your Toe (Broken Toe Symptoms)

With a broken toe, a person will experience the same discomforts as with a sprained toe:

• Tenderness
• Throbbing
• Bruising
• Swelling

If your toe is broken, you’ll also notice the following :

• Significant swelling in the toe
• Stiffness
• Decreased mobility
• Burning or tingling
• Bleeding
• Numbness
• Pain that hasn’t gone away after a couple of days
• Inability to move your toe, or a limited range of motion
• It hurts to put weight on your hurt foot or pain when walking
• A cracking sound at the time of injury
• Toe changes color to bluish-purple

It’s important to note that just as with sprained toes, a fracture can occur in the absence of trauma. Stress fractures could occur as a result of repetitive movement, regularly carrying heavy loads, a vitamin D deficiency, poor nutrition, or osteoporosis.

Can You Move a Broken Toe?

A broken toe will have little to no movement.

Broken Toe Hairline Fractures

That said, not all broken toes are the result of trauma. Sometimes, repetitive motion and stress to your toes may cause what’s called a stress fracture, also known as a hairline fracture.

Stress fractures can occur as a result of extended periods of time doing repetitive motions, such as long distance running or gymnastics. This type of injury is especially common in sports. Wearing the right shoes usually offers additional support to keep your feet safe.

Be aware that it may also be the result of carrying heavy loads for extended periods of time or not eating foods with enough Vitamin D or Calcium. If you are working with heavy objects, closed-toed shoes are essential in protecting your feet.

Symptoms of Hairline Toe Fractures

Some of the symptoms include:

• Swelling (but no bruising)
• Pain when doing the repetitive activity
• The pain subsides when resting

What Happens When a Broken Toe Is Left Untreated?

When a person breaks their toe, there’s an actual crack in their bone. When left untreated, you may end up with a deformed toe, chronic pain, or post-traumatic arthritis.

What Happens When a Dislocated Toe Is Left Untreated?

Even if you didn’t break a toe, you may have dislocated it. Left untreated, you may end up with painful bone spurs or a hammertoe.

How to Tell The Difference Between a Fractured and a Sprained Toe?

The critical difference between a broken and sprained toe is in the mobility of the toe. A broken toe will have little to no movement while a sprained toe will still have some mobility, although it may be painful. If you’re unable to move your toe, it may be broken.

Foot Pain Relief

If you are experiencing pain in your toes from an injury, the following tips can offer relief and lend support.

Rest: Avoid exercise and movement to keep from further discomfort.

Elevate: Keep your foot elevated to reduce swelling.

Ice: Applying ice every 10-20 minutes will help with inflammation.

Request an Appointment at The Orthopedic Clinic Today

At The Orthopedic Clinic, we want you to live your life in full motion. If you’re experiencing symptoms related to a sprained or broken toe, let us help you. We’ll tailor a treatment plan that’s best for your lifestyle and get you back to doing the things you love.

Call us at (386) 255-4596 to schedule an appointment.

Broken Toe: Symptoms, Recovery, and More

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Learning to recognize the symptoms and treatment of a broken toe is important. If a broken toe is left untreated, it can lead to problems that may affect your ability to walk and run.

If you’ve ever stubbed your toe hard, the immediate, severe pain can leave you wondering if your toe is broken. In many cases, the injury winds up being a sprain. This is painful, but it means the bone itself is still intact.

If the toe bone breaks into one or more pieces, then you have a broken toe.

A poorly treated broken toe may also leave you in a lot of pain.

Throbbing pain in the toe is the first sign that it may be broken. You may also hear the bone break at the time of injury. A broken bone, also called a fracture, may also cause swelling at the break.

If you’ve broken your toe, the skin near the injury may looked bruised or temporarily change color. You’ll also have difficulty putting any weight on your toe. Walking, or even just standing, can be painful. A bad break can also dislocate the toe, which can cause it to rest at an unnatural angle.

A sprained toe shouldn’t look dislocated. It will still swell, but will likely have less bruising. A sprained toe may be painful for several days, but should then begin to improve.

One other key difference between a break and a sprain is the location of the pain. Usually a break will hurt right where the bone has fractured. With a sprain, the pain may be felt in a more general area around the toe.

The only way to tell for sure if the injury is a break or a sprain is to see your doctor. They can examine your toe and determine the type of injury.

The two most common causes of a broken toe are stubbing it into something hard or having something heavy land on it. Going barefoot is a major risk factor, especially if you’re walking in the dark or in an unfamiliar environment.

If you carry heavy objects without proper foot protection, such as thick boots, you’re also at a higher risk for a broken toe.

A broken toe can usually be diagnosed with the use of an X-ray. If the pain and discoloration don’t ease up after a few days, you should definitely see your doctor.

A broken toe that doesn’t heal properly could lead to osteoarthritis, a painful condition that causes chronic pain in one or more joints.

Your doctor will examine your toe and ask for your medical history. Tell your doctor as many details as you can about the injury and your symptoms. Be sure to tell your doctor if you notice a loss of feeling or tingling in your toe. This could be a sign of nerve damage.

If there’s a chance the toe is broken, your doctor will likely want to get one or more X-rays of the injured toe. Getting images from different angles is important to understand the extent of the break.

Information from the X-ray will also help your doctor decide whether surgery is necessary.

With most cases of a broken toe, there’s little your doctor can do. It’s mostly up to you to rest your toe and keep it stable.

Even before you know whether your toe is broken, you should ice the injured toe and keep it elevated. You may also take over-the-counter painkillers, such as acetaminophen (Tylenol), ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), or naproxen (Aleve).

If you have surgery to repair the toe, your doctor may prescribe stronger pain medicines.

Splinting your toe

Typical treatment for a broken toe is called “buddy taping.” This involves taking the broken toe and carefully securing it to the toe next to it with medical tape. Usually, a gauze pad is placed between the toes to prevent skin irritation.

The non-broken toe is basically used as a splint to help keep the broken toe from moving too much. By taping the broken toe to its neighbor, you give the injured toe the support it needs to begin healing.

Surgery and additional treatment options

More serious breaks may require additional treatment. If you have bone fragments in the toe that need to heal, taping may not be enough.

You may be advised to wear a walking cast. This helps keep the injured toe stable while also giving your foot enough support to reduce some of the pain you may have while walking.

In very serious cases, surgery may be necessary to reset the broken bone or bones. A surgeon can sometimes put a pin or a screw into the bone to help it heal properly. These pieces of hardware will remain in the toe permanently.

Your toe is likely to be tender and swollen, even after a few weeks. You’ll likely need to avoid running, playing sports, or walking long distances for one to two months after your injury.

Recovery time can be longer if the break is in one of the metatarsals. The metatarsals are the longer bones in the foot that connect to the phalanges, which are the smaller bones in the toes.

Your doctor can give you a good estimate of recovery time based on the severity and location of your injury. A mild fracture, for example, should heal faster than a more severe break.

With a walking cast, you should be able to walk and resume most non-strenuous activities within a week or two after injuring your toe. The pain should diminish gradually if the bone is healing properly.

If you feel any pain in your broken toe, stop the activity that’s causing the pain and tell your doctor.

The key to a good outcome is following through on your doctor’s advice. Learn how to tape your toe properly so you can change the tape regularly.

Carefully try to put more pressure on your broken toe each day to see how it’s recovering. Take any slight improvements in pain and discomfort as signs that your injury is healing.

Here are some things you can do to improve your recovery.

Footwear

You may temporarily need a bigger or wider shoe to accommodate your swollen foot. Consider getting a shoe with a hard sole and a lightweight top that will put less pressure on the injured toe, but still provide plenty of support.

Velcro fasteners that you can easily adjust can provide additional comfort.

Ice and elevation

Continue to ice and elevate your foot if your doctor recommends it. Wrap the ice in a cloth so that it doesn’t come into direct contact with your skin.

Take it slow

Ease back into your activities, but listen to your body. If you sense that you’re putting too much weight or stress on the toe, back off. It’s better to have a longer recovery and avoid any painful setbacks than to rush back into your activities too quickly.

symptoms, treatment, prevention at home

The Internet is full of jokes about the insidious legs of the sofa and nightstands, which dream of meeting the little toe. Many remember the pain that happens after their sharp contact. But few then rush to the doctor. A broken toe is often seen as comical. As a result, a person looks at whether the finger is moving or not, it hurts – it doesn’t hurt, and lives on calmly. Even if the finger swells the next day, many rely on “it will pass by itself.” In some cases, this is what happens. But sometimes the severity of the situation can exceed the insignificance of external symptoms, especially since not only the little finger can be broken on the leg.

– The big toe or little toe is most commonly affected by toe fractures, says traumatologist Erwin Kuzmin . “People hit furniture – these are common cases when, for example, a young mother ran after a child and got injured. Either the person was in a hurry to the TV, the children frolicked next to the pieces of furniture. In these cases, the little fingers are more often injured. In my practice, there was a treatment with a broken toe as a result of a Rottweiler jumping on the mistress – the dog made a maneuver out of the best of feelings, as a result, the woman had a fracture of her little finger. Big toes are injured mainly when playing football, participating in outdoor sports, accidentally or intentionally kicking a hard surface. You can also get a broken toe if a heavy angular object falls from above. As an example, I can cite a schoolboy whose briefcase with textbooks fell on his leg. Severe injuries, for example, resulting from an accident, are not taken into account, since there we are talking, most often, about a combined injury and saving the patient’s life, and not a broken toe.

Symptoms of a broken toe

Three main symptoms:

• pain;
• edema;
• deformation.

Pain. The first and main symptom of a broken toe is pain. The pain syndrome also occurs with bruises and dislocations, therefore, first of all, it is worth paying attention to its intensity. Constant throbbing pain in the finger, especially at night, is a sure reason to go to the emergency room.

Edema. When a toe is broken, swelling appears along with pain, in other words, swelling. As a result of injury, the integrity of body tissues, vascular permeability and water-salt balance are violated, as a result, an excess of fluid accumulates in the intercellular space, which we observe visually. Small blood vessels are also damaged, and a hematoma joins the edema, i.e. bruise. When you try to move your finger, swelling and hematoma can increase, as well as spread to neighboring tissues.

Deformation . A clear sign of a broken toe is its curvature. Most often, in such a situation, it is impossible to move them, and an attempt to touch causes a sharp pain. However, it should be borne in mind that with significant edema, the deformation may not be visible to the eye, so it is better to consult a doctor to make a diagnosis.

Treatment of a fractured toe

Fractures are different – open and closed, with and without displacement of fragments, oblique, transverse, comminuted, and so on. Treatment of a fracture depends on its type. If this is a simple fracture without displacement, then a universal remedy is the imposition of a splint for short-term immobilization of the limb. After two weeks, it will be possible to step on the leg, after three – to remove the splint.

Doctors used to recommend tight bandaging for several weeks, especially for injuries to the middle and ring fingers. It was necessary to apply a tourniquet, connecting the injured finger with the neighboring uninjured one, and tightly tie them. Bandage every 3-4 days. But, the main rule in the treatment of a broken toe is that patients should not lean on the injured leg.

– Most patients consider a broken toe a trifle and neglect the orthopedic regimen, comments Erwin Kuzmin. – As a result, the consolidation of bone fragments is delayed, the fracture becomes ununited. Treatment is delayed. Therefore, it is much more practical to temporarily walk with a splint and enjoy life. After all, other types of toe fractures require more serious intervention – surgery.

Diagnosis

The main method of diagnosing a broken toe is radiography. It will allow you to immediately differentiate the diagnosis: bruise or fracture, as well as determine the type of fracture.

The main thing in the healing process is to observe the orthopedic regimen. Photo: Pixabay

Modern methods of treatment

Modern medicine has especially advanced in the treatment of complex fractures. First of all, this concerns the treatment of comminuted fractures of the toes, where fixation of bone fragments is necessary using special structures: knitting needles or plates.

Today, there are many options for plates for periosteal osteosynthesis, with which you can fix any bone. Plates vary in size, shape, functionality. If we are talking about a fracture of the toe, then it is installed for 3-4 weeks and guarantees 100% fixation. Subsequently, it can be both removed and, if indicated, left. However, there is always the risk of a suppurative process.

Kirschner wires mainly fix small bones and joints. Fixation can be carried out both externally, when the end of the pin rises above the surface, and internally, when the entire structure is under the skin. Immobilization lasts, as a rule, for 4 to 6 weeks after the operation. The operation is minimally invasive, less traumatic than the installation of plates. Subsequently, you can remove the spokes at any emergency room.

Home Prevention of a Broken Toe

Broken toes are usually the result of hitting something hard and immovable, or a heavy, angular object being dropped on the foot. Less often – from bending the fingers inward. Therefore, pay attention when buying furniture to its protruding parts. Do not arrange furniture so that it is in your path or aisle. It is advisable to walk around the house in slippers that can soften the blow. Be careful when lifting heavy objects. Also pay attention to the selection of shoes: wearing shoes that are narrow or smaller than necessary in size is fraught with injuries on the street, especially on ice.

Frequently Asked Questions

Why would you want to see a doctor with a broken toe if it heals on its own?

Indeed, the bone can heal itself if it is a simple fracture. Only in the absence of treatment, an incorrectly fused toe can partially lose its mobility and remain deformed. This will make wearing shoes uncomfortable, can cause pain, and in the future threatens with arthritis.

In other cases, if the fracture is complicated, such connivance is fraught with inflammation and amputation.

Do you need a cast for broken toes?

If only the toes are fractured, a splint is applied – a light circular plaster bandage. It does not cover the whole leg, it can be removed at any time for examination or hygiene procedures with the permission of a doctor.

Need a splint after finger surgery?

If a broken toe required surgery, a splint is often placed after surgery for up to two weeks. During this period, it is recommended to walk as little as possible and rest more, while in bed, keep your leg in an elevated position.

How to tell if a finger is broken

Likbez

Health

June 20, 2022

Focus on the symptoms, but don’t delay your visit to the doctor.

Iya Zorina

Author of Lifehacker, athlete, CCM

You can listen to the short version of the article. If it’s more convenient for you, turn on the podcast.

What can lead to a broken finger

The thumbs and toes have two phalanges, and all the others have three. Any of these bones can break. For example, from falling a heavy object, being pinched by a door, or hitting the edge of a nightstand. It is not necessary to drop a weight on your foot or hit your finger with a hammer – even an unsuccessful landing when jumping from a height can lead to a fracture.

The likelihood of breaking bones increases with certain diseases and bad habits. Among the increased risk factors:

• cancer;
• type 1 diabetes;
• celiac disease;
• Crohn’s disease;
• ulcerative colitis;
• rheumatoid arthritis;
• osteoporosis;
• calcium deficiency;
• excessive consumption of alcohol;
• smoking;
• taking corticosteroids – anti-inflammatory drugs.

How to tell if a finger is broken

The most obvious sign that can indicate a fracture is severe and throbbing pain that increases with movement of the injured finger and does not subside with time.

Other common symptoms include:

• change in the shape of the finger or its position relative to others;
• hematoma, which may involve a broken toe, spread to others, and extend into the foot or hand;
• numbness;
• flexion problems;
• edema;
• if we are talking about the leg – the inability to transfer body weight to the injured limb.

In this case, the person will not necessarily lose the ability to move the finger, and the resulting pain may seem tolerable. If the injured limb has not changed its position and shape, without radiography it will not be possible to distinguish a fracture from a severe bruise.

Therefore, if pain and swelling persist for 1-2 days, be sure to visit a traumatologist. The sooner treatment begins, the greater the chance that the bones will grow together correctly and there will be no problems with the mobility of the finger.

Do’s and don’ts before seeing a doctor

Before you see a traumatologist, immobilize your injured finger if possible. If the fracture is on the leg, take off your shoes, lie down and place the limb above the level of the head. This will ensure the outflow of blood and reduce pain and swelling.

An ice pack can also be applied for local anesthesia for 15-20 minutes. But keep in mind that this procedure only helps to relieve symptoms and does not promote healing. While waiting for a trip to the emergency room, you can also take an anesthetic pill.

If your toe is injured, do not go to the hospital on foot, as this may dislodge the broken bones. In addition, do not try to immobilize the finger yourself, for example, by wrapping it with a band-aid or sports tape to the next one. This can cause tension and displacement of bone fragments, which will only exacerbate the problem.