How long can a migraine attack typically last. What are the four phases of a migraine. When should you seek medical treatment for a migraine. What are the most effective treatments for migraines. How can you prevent migraines from occurring.

Understanding Migraines: More Than Just a Headache

Migraines are a complex neurological condition that affects millions of people worldwide. They are characterized by severe, often debilitating headaches accompanied by a range of other symptoms. Dr. Merle Diamond, a headache specialist and president of Diamond Headache Clinic, emphasizes that migraines are “way more than just a headache.”

The three key components of a migraine attack are:

• Severe to moderate head pain
• Associated symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and sensitivity to light and noise
• High level of disability that impairs normal functioning

Migraines are significantly more prevalent in women, affecting over 30 percent of women over their lifetime. Despite their prevalence, only a small percentage of migraine sufferers receive an accurate diagnosis and proper care from healthcare providers.

The Four Phases of a Migraine Attack

Migraines typically progress through four distinct phases, although not everyone experiences all phases during each attack. Understanding these phases can help individuals recognize the onset of a migraine and take prompt action.

1. Prodrome Phase

The prodrome phase can begin hours or even days before the actual migraine attack. It serves as an early warning system, signaling that a migraine is imminent. Common prodrome symptoms include:

• Extreme fatigue
• Intense hunger
• Neck pain
• Lightheadedness
• Excessive yawning
• Mood changes or irritability

Dr. Diamond notes that prodrome symptoms tend to be repetitive and can help individuals anticipate an impending attack.

2. Aura Phase

Approximately 20% of migraine sufferers experience an aura phase, which typically occurs 30 minutes to an hour before the onset of head pain. Aura symptoms may include:

• Visual disturbances (flashes of light, blind spots, floaters)
• Tingling sensations
• Temporary loss of movement on one side of the body (in extreme cases)

3. Attack Phase

The attack phase is the main event of a migraine, characterized by moderate to severe headache pain. Dr. Damita Bryant, a headache specialist at Nashville Neuroscience Group, describes the pain as typically throbbing or stabbing in nature. Other features of the attack phase include:

• Pain that often starts on one side of the head before spreading
• Nausea and vomiting
• Heightened sensitivity to light and noise

The duration of the attack phase can vary significantly, lasting anywhere from 4 to 48 hours.

4. Postdrome Phase

Often referred to as the “migraine hangover,” the postdrome phase occurs after the pain subsides. This phase can last up to 24 hours and is characterized by:

• Extreme fatigue
• Grogginess
• Irritability
• General feeling of being “wiped out”

Migraine Duration: How Long Is Too Long?

The duration of a migraine attack can vary greatly from person to person and even from one episode to another. Typically, untreated migraines can last for hours or even days. Dr. Bryant emphasizes the importance of early intervention: “The sooner you start treatment, the sooner it can go away.”

Is it possible for a migraine to last for several days? Unfortunately, yes. Prolonged migraine attacks, known as status migrainosus, can persist for more than 72 hours. These extended episodes are particularly concerning and often require medical intervention.

When to Seek Medical Treatment for Migraines

Knowing when to consult a healthcare provider about your migraines is crucial for effective management and prevention of chronic issues. Consider seeking medical attention if:

• You experience multiple migraines per month
• Your migraines significantly impact your daily life and productivity
• Over-the-counter medications are ineffective in relieving your symptoms
• You develop new or unusual migraine symptoms
• Your migraine patterns change or worsen over time

Dr. Bryant stresses the importance of early treatment to prevent occasional migraines from evolving into chronic, debilitating conditions. Frequent migraine attacks can reduce the brain’s recovery time, potentially increasing the likelihood of future episodes.

Causes and Triggers of Migraines

While the exact cause of migraines can vary among individuals, several common factors have been identified:

Genetic Predisposition

Dr. Diamond highlights genetics as a primary factor in migraine susceptibility. “If you have a first-degree relative who has migraine, like your mom or dad, you have about a 50 percent chance of carrying it,” she explains.

Environmental and Lifestyle Triggers

Various environmental and lifestyle factors can trigger migraine attacks in susceptible individuals:

• Head trauma
• Sleep disturbances or irregular sleep patterns
• Skipping meals or irregular eating habits
• Dehydration
• Excessive caffeine consumption
• Hormonal fluctuations (e.g., menstrual cycles, pregnancy, menopause)
• Weather changes
• Stress
• Certain foods or food additives

Identifying and managing these triggers can play a crucial role in reducing the frequency and severity of migraine attacks.

Effective Treatments for Migraines

Migraine treatment strategies typically fall into two categories: acute treatments to alleviate symptoms during an attack and preventive measures to reduce the frequency and severity of future episodes.

Acute Treatments

For immediate relief during a migraine attack, several options are available:

• Over-the-counter pain relievers (e.g., ibuprofen, aspirin, acetaminophen)
• Prescription migraine-specific medications (triptans, gepants, ditans)
• Anti-nausea medications
• Combination drugs that include pain relievers and caffeine

Dr. Bryant emphasizes the importance of taking medication as soon as migraine symptoms begin for optimal effectiveness.

Preventive Treatments

For individuals experiencing frequent or severe migraines, preventive treatments may be recommended:

• Beta-blockers
• Antidepressants
• Anti-seizure medications
• Botox injections
• CGRP antagonists
• Lifestyle modifications (e.g., stress management, regular sleep patterns, dietary changes)

The choice of preventive treatment depends on individual factors, including the frequency and severity of migraines, overall health, and potential side effects.

Strategies for Migraine Prevention

While not all migraines can be prevented, several strategies can help reduce their frequency and severity:

1. Maintain a consistent sleep schedule
2. Stay hydrated
3. Eat regular, balanced meals
4. Manage stress through relaxation techniques or exercise
5. Identify and avoid personal triggers
6. Keep a migraine diary to track patterns and potential triggers
7. Consider complementary therapies like acupuncture or biofeedback
8. Discuss preventive medications with your healthcare provider if migraines are frequent or severe

Dr. Diamond emphasizes the importance of a comprehensive approach to migraine management, combining lifestyle modifications with appropriate medical interventions.

The Impact of Migraines on Quality of Life

Migraines can have a significant impact on an individual’s quality of life, affecting personal relationships, work productivity, and overall well-being. The World Health Organization ranks migraine as the second most disabling condition worldwide, highlighting its profound societal impact.

Living with migraines often requires adaptations to daily routines and careful planning to minimize trigger exposure. However, with proper management and treatment, many individuals can effectively control their migraine symptoms and maintain a high quality of life.

Support from family, friends, and healthcare providers is crucial for individuals coping with chronic migraines. Patient advocacy groups and online communities can also provide valuable resources and emotional support for those navigating life with migraine.

Understanding the complexities of migraines, their potential causes, and available treatment options is essential for effective management. By working closely with healthcare providers and implementing appropriate lifestyle modifications, individuals with migraines can often achieve significant improvements in their symptoms and overall quality of life.

As research in the field of migraine continues to advance, new treatments and management strategies are continually emerging, offering hope for even better outcomes in the future. For those struggling with migraines, staying informed about the latest developments and maintaining open communication with healthcare providers can be key to optimizing their migraine management plan.

How Long Do Migraines Last? Timeline, Causes, Treatment, Per MDs

Sorry to be blunt, but migraines are the absolute worst. And those who get it, get it. They come out of nowhere, last an undetermined amount of time, and can be incredibly debilitating. After all, studies show that migraines are the second most disabling condition worldwide.

According to the American Migraine Foundation, migraines are three times more common in women than men and affect over 30 percent of women over a lifetime. From there, only 5 percent have been seen by a healthcare provider to receive an accurate diagnosis and proper care.

And while many migraines go undiagnosed or untreated, it’s critical to see your doc if they become your norm. The longer a migraine goes on, the more severe and debilitating it gets, says Damita Bryant, MD, a headache specialist and head physician at Nashville Neuroscience Group. “We want to prevent someone who has occasional migraines from turning into more chronic debilitating migraines, and that usually happens if you don’t treat them quickly enough,” she says.

Plus, the more frequent the attacks, the less time your brain has to recover, and the more likely you are to have another migraine, adds Merle Diamond, MD, a headache specialist, president and medical director of Diamond Headache Clinic. So, don’t be afraid to talk with your doctor if you experience multiple migraines a month, because TBH, migraines are way more complex than you may realize.

Okay, but how long is too long of a migraine and when should you seek treatment? The good news is migraines are methodical and there are ways to stop them in their tracks or prevent another from happening. Here’s everything you need to know, according to experts.

Meet the experts: Damita Bryant, MD, a headache specialist and head physician at Nashville Neuroscience Group; Merle Diamond, MD, a headache specialist, president and medical director of Diamond Headache Clinic.

What is a migraine, exactly?

A migraine is way more than just a headache, says Dr. Diamond. “The three most important pieces of migraine are severe to moderate head pain, the associated symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, light and noise sensitivity, and the high level of disability,” she says. “The vast majority of patients that have a migraine attack cannot function in a normal fashion.”

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The cause of a migraine varies on the individual, but the most common cause is genetics, notes Dr. Diamond. “If you have a first degree relative who has migraine, like your mom or dad, you have about a 50 percent chance of carrying it.” Aside from genetics, head trauma, lack of sleep, skipping meals, dehydration, excessive caffeine, menstrual cycles or changing hormone levels, and even the weather can trigger migraines.

How long does a migraine typically last?

Migraines have a mind of their own (literally) and can unfortunately last for hours or even days if left untreated, says Dr. Bryant.

There are often four phases of a migraine, but not everyone experiences every phase each time they have an attack. If you experience any of the stages, take medication immediately, says Dr. Bryant. “The sooner you start treatment, the sooner it can go away.”

Prodrome: The first stage of a migraine can start hours, or even days, before the actual attack, and it may not happen every time, says Dr. Diamond. Prodrome consists of the early symptoms you may have before the migraine comes on, such as extreme tiredness, hunger pains, neck pain, lightheadedness, excessive yawning, mood changes, or irritability. “Prodrome tends to be a repetitive symptom or group of symptoms,” says Dr. Diamond. “It lets you know that an attack is coming.”

Aura: Only 20 percent of people experience an aura, but they consist of visual or neurological symptoms that come on about 30 minutes to an hour before a migraine, explains Dr. Bryant. You may see vision changes like flashes of light, blind spots, and floaters, and in some extreme cases you might feel tingling loss of movement on one side of the body.

Attack: The attack is the main event and consists of moderate to severe headache pain that’s throbbing or stabbing, says Dr. Bryant. Pain typically starts on one side before spreading to the other, and symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and light and/or noise sensitivity often follow. The length of the attack varies but can last four to 48 hours.

Postdrome: Also known as the “migraine hangover,” postdrome is when symptoms occur after the pain subsides, says Dr. Diamond. This phase can last up to 24 hours, and people often experience fatigue, grogginess, irritability, and extreme tiredness. “The biggest sign is that people just feel wiped out,” adds Dr. Bryant.

Can a migraine last for days?

Unfortunately, yes. A migraine starts when an area in the brainstem gets activated and pro-inflammatory neuropeptides send pain signals, says Dr. Diamond. There is then an electrical or chemical spread of irritation across the surface of the brain, and symptoms occur for various periods of time depending which part(s) of the brain is irritated. Because of this variability, a migraine can sometimes last two to three days, if not treated, to get through all the stages.

“If a person is sure what they are feeling is a migraine, they should start treatment quickly.”

In 2018, there was also a major breakthrough linked to migraines with the discovery of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), a protein in the brain that causes inflammation. “Migraine is an inflammatory disease and people who have migraine have more CGRP being secreted in their brain,” says Dr. Bryant. In other words, the more CGRP in your brain, the more severe and longer migraines you get.

How can you get rid of a migraine?

“If a person is sure what they are feeling is a migraine, they should start treatment quickly,” says Dr. Bryant. So, if you experience an early phase (prodrome or aura) or feel a migraine coming, you should treat it ASAP.

For non-medicated treatment, you should go into a dark and quiet environment if light or sound is a trigger, says Dr. Bryant. An ice pack can also help relieve head pain and gentle stretching may dissolve muscle tension.

Can you really cure a migraine with Botox? Watch one woman try:

But for moderate to severe head pain, medications work the best, and the earlier you take them, the better. For over-the-counter treatments, Dr. Diamond suggests pain relievers such as ibuprofen (Advil or Motrin IB), and aspirin and acetaminophen (Excedrin Migraine). However, it’s important to note that these medications are not long-term solutions. If taken two to three times a week, check-in with your doctor, because multiple days in a row can actually cause medication-overuse headaches and bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract.

If OTC meds aren’t working for you, or you find yourself needing to take them every day, it’s time to check-in with your doctor. “Prescription medicines work to prevent and get rid of an attack once we know it’s coming,” says Dr. Diamond. Triptan medications were usually the first line of defense, but newer CGRP blockers are especially successful in reducing migraine headaches with few side effects, adds Dr. Bryant. “Most of my patients tell me that it has been a life changer for them.”

When should you go to the doctor for a migraine?

There is no cure for migraine, but resources, specialists, and medications can seriously relieve symptoms and provide effective care. If you have sporadic migraine attacks and can manage with a dose or two of OTC medicine, then you don’t need to see a doctor, says Dr. Diamond. But if a migraine lingers more than a day using your own treatments, becomes recurrent or more severe, or if you miss work, school, or significant days due to pain, then you need to visit a physician for treatment. Remember, the longer a migraine goes on, the more it can turn into a chronic condition, says Dr. Bryant.

And in extreme cases, if migraine pain has become so severe that you have trouble speaking, vision changes, confusion, or numbness in the body, then you should go to the emergency room.

The bottom line: Migraines can be treated, and you should visit your primary care doctor or headache specialist if you are suffering. There have been remarkable strides in care over the last five year, says Dr. Bryant. “I don’t want people to give up.”

Andi Breitowich

Andi Breitowich is a Chicago-based writer and graduate student at Northwestern Medill. She’s a mass consumer of social media and cares about women’s rights, holistic wellness, and non-stigmatizing reproductive care. As a former collegiate pole vaulter, she has a love for all things fitness and is currently obsessed with Peloton Tread workouts and hot yoga.  

How Long Does a Migraine Last? The 4 Stages

Migraine is a complex neurological condition that can cause a variety of symptoms. In addition to a severe headache, migraines can involve nausea, fatigue, and sensitivity to light and sound. 

There are four stages of a migraine: the prodromal stage, aura, headache pain, and postdrome stage. 

A migraine can last anywhere from a few hours to days. The overall duration varies because each phase has its own time range. 

Because they are such a complex condition, scientists don’t fully understand migraines. 

People with migraines can have very different experiences, with symptoms and their severity varying from person to person. In fact, migraine attacks may not involve every stage.

The latest on migraines

Similar to some other neurological conditions, researchers don’t fully understand what causes migraines. While the science behind it is constantly evolving, recent studies have provided insights into how migraines might form.

Researchers previously thought migraines were caused by blood vessel issues. But recent evidence has shown that different parts of your nervous system are involved in them. 

Scientists have also identified certain genes that may play a role in whether or not you get migraines. Research is ongoing, but these developments may help with new treatments down the road. 

The four stages of a migraine

Migraines are different for each person, but in general, there are four stages of a migraine: the prodromal stage, aura, headache pain, and postdrome stage.

1. Prodromal stage

Often called the “pre-headache” stage, the prodrome is the first phase of a migraine. While migraines can be spontaneous, this phase can be a warning sign for an upcoming attack. It typically occurs a day or two before the onset of a headache.  

Everyone experiences migraines differently, but common symptoms in this phase include:

Noticing this phase early and getting treatment may help prevent a migraine altogether. If you know your migraine triggers, avoid them when possible. 

Prevention looks different for each person, but drinking plenty of water, eating regular, healthy meals, and finding a relaxing environment may help prevent a migraine.

2. Aura

The second phase, aura, can occur before or alongside a headache. Aura typically arises gradually and can last anywhere from a few minutes to an hour. 

Not everyone will go through this phase, but those who do may experience sensory symptoms, such as:

• visual field issues

• visions such as bright lines 

• ringing in the ears

• tingling or numbness

• weakness on one side of the body or face

If aura develops before the onset of a headache, you may be able to prevent the migraine from happening. But not all migraines involve aura.

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3. Headache pain

The headache phase of a migraine is a distinct throbbing pain usually on just one side of the head. Migraine headaches can last for a few hours to several days. 

While a severe headache is a hallmark, you may also experience other symptoms, such as:

As with the other phases, what helps during the headache phase will be unique to each person. For some people, taking a nap in a cool, dark, and quiet room can provide relief.

4. Postdrome phase

The period immediately after the headache phase is known as the postdrome phase. This phase typically lasts 1–2 days after the headache pain ends. 

Symptoms during this phase vary, but common symptoms include:

You may find some relief by practicing self-care during this phase. Avoid stress where possible and try participating in a relaxing activity.

When should I be worried?

You may want to seek advice from your healthcare provider if your migraines:

• occur once a week or more

• are disrupting your work or personal life

• are causing you to take medication more than twice a week, including for other headaches

Seek immediate care if you experience any of the following symptoms alongside your migraine:

Also, seek urgent medical attention if you experience abnormal migraine symptoms and are pregnant or have another health condition, such as:

Migraine prevention

What prevents a migraine will be different from person to person, but following some general tips may be helpful. 

Research suggests that stress is a leading trigger for migraines. 

Mindfulness therapy, such as cognitive behavioral therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy, may help some people.

Being physically active can also help. Scientists have found links between aerobic activity — the kind that gets your heart pumping — and improved pain, length, and frequency of migraines. 

However, some people find that physical activity can also trigger a migraine, so be mindful of what works best for you.

If you’re experiencing severe migraines frequently, your doctor may also suggest a long-term medication to help prevent them from happening. Discuss which option is best for you with your healthcare provider.

Summary

There are generally four phases of a migraine: the prodrome, aura, headache, and postdrome phase. In total, this can last anywhere from a couple of days to a week, but each stage has its own time duration range.

Typically the prodromal stage will last 1–2 days. The second stage, aura, is usually finished within 1 hour. 

The painful headache stage is particularly variable in duration, lasting anywhere from a few hours to several days.

Like the prodromal stage, the postdrome stage usually lasts 1–2 days.

However, not every migraine will involve each stage. Similarly, migraine symptoms, phases, severity, and effective treatments will vary from person to person. 

Sources

Acceptance and commitment therapy for primary headache sufferers: a randomized controlled trial of efficacy. Journal of Pain. (2021). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32682815/

Cognitive behavioral therapy for migraine headache: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicina. (2022). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8777662

Is aerobic exercise helpful in patients with migraines? a systematic review and meta analysis. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports. (2020). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31904889/

Migraine headache. StatPearls. (2022). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK560787/

Migraine prodrome: symptoms and prevention. (2022). https://americanmigrainefoundation. org/resource-library/migraine-prodrome-symptoms-prevention/

Migraine with aura. StatPearls. (2021). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK554611/

Preventive migraine treatment. Continuum. (2015). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4640499/

The migraine postdrome. Neurology. (2016). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4955275/

The pathophysiology of migraine: implications for clinical management. The Lancet Neurology. (2018). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29229375/

What turns on a migraine? a systematic review of migraine precipitating factors. Current Pain and Headache Reports. (2014). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25160711/

When to go to the emergency room for a headache or migraine. (2017). https://americanmigrainefoundation.org/resource-library/when-to-go-to-the-er-for-headache-migraine

When should I see a doctor about migraines? (2017). https://americanmigrainefoundation.org/resource-library/when-should-i-see-a-doctor-about-migraines/

Diagnostics of migraine – Clinic Zdorovye 365 Yekaterinburg

Because migraine headaches are thought to be genetically transmitted, it is important that your doctor review your family history. Even if you don’t know that your relative has had a migraine, take into account the information that you may know, such as past illnesses and lifestyle. Don’t forget that the term “migraine” wasn’t used much until the 1950s. of the 20th century, and even then, migraines were often not diagnosed or considered migraines.

When looking at family members’ medical history, pay attention to the following points:

• Do you remember any family member who was ill most of the time?
• If yes, did he/she have any of the following symptoms: headache that interferes with daily activities, nausea or vomiting, sensitivity to light or sounds, numbness or speech problems?
• What did he/she think caused the headache: menstruation, overwork, fatigue, stress, or certain foods or drinks?

Be prepared to talk to your healthcare provider about your family members’ symptoms of headaches and the ways they have dealt with headaches. When it comes to headaches, the first thing to do is to make sure it’s not caused by a tumor or a stroke. Experts agree that through questions and answers, you can get enough information to make a diagnosis. In some women, it is easy to recognize the cause of the pain, while others have to undergo further examination to determine whether the symptoms are associated with secondary symptoms, such as toothache, hemorrhage, or swelling.

You may be asked the following questions:

• How often do you get headaches?
• Where is the pain located?
• How long does a headache attack last?
• When did the headaches start?

The doctor can also ask questions about daily routine, family and work.

The most common diagnosis of migraine is based on medical history and information about medications taken, head injuries or surgeries. Your doctor may also order a blood test to look for thyroid disorders, anemia, or infections that may be causing the headache.

The following tests may also be ordered to detect medical problems:

• Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). To date, MRI is the most effective way to reveal that the origin of headaches is associated with aneurysms (abnormal swelling of blood vessels) and brain lesions. Thanks to MRI, you can get detailed images of the brain and diagnose migraine if the medical history is not enough to make an accurate diagnosis.
• Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) is a type of MRI, but in this case blood vessels are examined. Thanks to this examination, it is possible to detect the smallest damage to the vascular system of the brain, for example, the presence of small aneurysms.
• Computed tomography (CT). Thanks to CT scans, images of the brain can be obtained that show differences in the density of different types of tissue. With the help of an examination, the doctor will be able to distinguish a bleeding blood vessel in the brain from a tumor. CT is very important in diagnosing when a sudden headache occurs due to a hemorrhage.
• An eye examination is performed to check for weakness of the eye muscle or differences in pupil size. Both symptoms indicate the presence of an aneurysm.
• Lumbar puncture (spinal tap). If the headache is accompanied by neck pain, fever, and/or if the pain comes on suddenly, a lumbar puncture can help answer the question of whether the condition is due to meningitis, encephalitis, or a cerebral hemorrhage. The puncture lasts about 30 minutes and may cause a temporary headache due to a decrease in cerebrospinal fluid pressure.

In order to make a diagnosis, your doctor will review the results of these diagnostic tests and your medical history. There are the following types of headaches (some people may have several types at once):

• Migraine pain – a group that includes migraine. This type of headache occurs predominantly at the neurogenic rather than the vascular level.
• Tension headache. It develops as a result of tension in the muscles of the face and neck.
• Cluster headaches. Rarely occurring pain in one side of the head. It is more common in men and is accompanied by tearing and blockage of the nose on the side where the pain occurs.
• Drawing and inflammatory headache. Occurs rarely. The symptoms that appear are caused by various disorders, ranging from stroke to sinusitis, visual impairment and neoplasms.

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migraine symptoms
Causes of migraine
Migraine at the doctor’s office
Migraine treatment
Migraine Treatment with Botox
Migraine treatment Adjovi
Migraine Frequently Asked Questions
Prevention of migraine attacks
Headache (warning signs)
Ultrasound of the vessels of the head and neck
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MRI of the arteries of the brain
MRI of the veins of the brain
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Diseases and injuries that cause back pain
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Increased intracranial pressure
Tunnel neuropathies
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Content

• 1 Migraine – what it is and how to prevent it
  • 1.1 Migraine: what is it?
  • 1. 2 Migraine symptoms
  • 1.3 Migraine causes
  • 1.4 Migraine diagnosis
  • 1.5 How to deal with migraine?
    • 1.5.1 Treatment priority is migraine prevention
    • 1.5.2 First aid for migraine pain
    • 1.5.3 Pharmacological treatment
    • 1.5.4 Alternative treatments
  • 1.6 Treatment considerations for migraine in women
  • 1.7 Migraine prevention: effective methods
  • 1.8 Health risks of migraine
  • 1.9 Migraine in children and adolescents
  • 1.10 Alternative treatments for migraine
  • 1.11 Prevention of migraine while working at a computer
    • 1.11.1 1. Regular breaks
    • 1.11.2 2. Proper lighting
    • 1.11.3 3. Computer glasses
    • 1.11.4 4. Operating mode
    • 1.11.5 5. Correct screen position
  • 1.13.0.1 What is a migraine and how can it be defined ?
  • 1.13.0.2 What are the main causes of migraine?
  • 1.13. 0.3 How can migraine attacks be avoided?
  • 1.13.0.4 How is migraine treated?
  • 1.13.0.5 What is the danger of migraine?
  • 1.13.0.6 How long can a migraine attack last?

Find out what a migraine is and what symptoms accompany it. Find out who is at risk for migraines and how you can avoid them. Determine when a migraine can be dangerous and what consequences it can have.

Migraine is a neurological disease that manifests itself as a painful headache that greatly interferes with normal life. Between 10% and 20% of the population suffer from migraines.

The main signs of a migraine: bright lights, loud noises, strong smells, weather changes and female hormones can trigger a migraine attack. Such people often experience sharp pain in one side of the head, sensitivity to light and sound, nausea, vomiting, changes in taste and smell. The disease, in most cases, worsens the quality of human life and can be associated with a number of complications.

Although the exact cause of migraine is unknown, headaches are thought to be caused by dysfunction of the nervous system. However, some factors such as genetic predisposition, stress, alcohol, diet, lack of sleep are major factors that contribute to the development of the disease. Knowing your triggers and avoiding them is one way to deal with migraines.

Although migraine is a common condition, diagnosis is difficult. It can take a long time and many tests to get a correct diagnosis. Fortunately, scientific research is helping us understand both the possible risks associated with migraines and effective ways to treat the disease.

Once a migraine has been diagnosed, finding effective treatments is the most important task. There are many different ways to treat migraine, from simple medication to alternative treatments that can be helpful in treating migraine. In this article, we look at the causes of migraine, symptoms, effective treatments, and possible complications of this common neurological disease.

Migraine: what is it?

Migraine is a neurological disease that manifests itself with attacks of acute headache, most often on one side of the head. People who suffer from migraine may experience various symptoms such as nausea, photopsia (flashing of light in the eyes) and discomfort. The duration of migraines can vary from a few hours to several days.

Migraine is sometimes so severe that it interferes with the normal functioning of the human body. Migraine attacks can occur intermittently or several times a month. Migraine usually begins in childhood or adolescence and can accompany a person throughout life.

• Migraine is a hereditary disease that is most often inherited through the mother;
• Migraine can be caused by various causes: overexertion, stress, exercise, weather changes, female hormones;
• Treatment of migraine may include various methods, depending on the degree and frequency of manifestations of the disease: painkillers, myographin, bitter green tea;
• Migraine can be dangerous if its symptoms are too frequent or prolonged – in such cases it is necessary to consult a specialist;
• Prevention of migraine through regular exercise, proper nutrition, moderate abstinence from alcohol and smoking also helps to reduce the likelihood of migraine.

Migraine symptoms

Migraine is a disorder characterized by attacks of moderate to severe pain in the head, often on one side of the head. However, the disease is not limited to headaches. Here are the main symptoms of migraine:

1. Unpleasant sensations in the head – migraine pain can last from several hours to several days and is sometimes so severe that it deprives a person of the opportunity to work and communicate with others;
2. Feeling of nausea and vomiting – migraine is accompanied by nausea, vomiting and indigestion;
3. Photophobia – migraine sufferers cannot tolerate light and noise. Any sound or light impulse can trigger a migraine attack;
4. Visual disturbance – migraine may cause temporary visual disturbance, manifesting as double vision, blurred vision, or loss of the visual field in one eye. It may start minutes before the onset of the headache and last for several hours;
5. Weakness in the body – migraine can cause weakness in the body, difficulty in moving and incoordination.

If you experience any of these symptoms, contact your doctor. Treatment of migraine is to reduce pain, reduce the frequency of attacks and eliminate associated symptoms.

Causes of migraine

Genetic factors: Heredity can be one of the main causes of migraine. If parents or close relatives have migraine, then the likelihood of its occurrence in descendants is much higher.

Eating disorders: Improper diet, prolonged fasting or overeating can all lead to migraine. Especially harmful is the consumption of excessive amounts of chocolate, salty and fatty foods, as well as alcohol and coffee.

Stress and stress: Emotional suppression, depression, lack of sleep, prolonged computer use and other factors can contribute to migraine.

Hormonal changes: In women, migraine may be associated with menstrual cycles, pregnancy, and changes in hormone levels. Migraines can also occur in young people during puberty.

Inappropriate environmental conditions: Bright lights, strong smells, loud noises and other irritants can trigger a migraine attack. It can also be climate change and changes in atmospheric pressure.

Diseases: Migraine may be a concomitant symptom of certain diseases such as arterial hypertension, diabetes and other diseases.

Diagnosis of migraine

To make a diagnosis of migraine, the doctor needs to conduct a comprehensive examination of the patient. In the process of diagnosis, important factors are the frequency and duration of attacks of pain in the head, as well as the symptoms associated with migraine.

Next, the doctor performs a physical examination of the patient, including an examination of the eyes, ears, throat, measurement of blood pressure, and a neurological test to determine if there are abnormalities in the functioning of the nervous system.

Additional tests that may be used to make a diagnosis of migraine include complete blood count, electroencephalogram (EEG), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and computed tomography (CT).

• Complete blood count can help identify the presence of inflammatory processes in the body, which may be associated with the development of migraine;
• An EEG is done to assess the electrical activity of the brain and detect the presence of neurological disorders;
• MRI/CT can provide detailed information about changes in the structure of the brain and detect the presence of tumors or other pathological changes.

Based on the results of the diagnosis, your doctor can make a diagnosis of migraine and prescribe appropriate treatment, which may include medication, physical therapy, and lifestyle changes.

How to cope with a migraine?

Prevention of migraine is a priority

It is very important to reduce the risk of an attack and reduce its manifestation. Often this requires a lifestyle change. It is necessary to monitor the regime of work and rest, sleep less on weekends and not overstrain your eyes, do not make sharp turns of your head and do not take hot baths. Try to avoid stressful situations and depression. Resort to regular meditation, yoga, breathing exercises and other ways of relaxation.

First Aid for Migraine Pain

If you do have a migraine attack, give yourself a break. Rely on a quiet, dark place, avoid bright lamps and screens. Apply a cold compress to your temples, neck, or forehead to reduce blood flow to the affected area. Arrange access to fresh air and warm water for hands and feet to relieve tension in very important muscles. Do not forget painkillers – without them, migraines can worsen even more.

Pharmacological treatment

Take small doses of triptans and visual tolperisone as directed by your doctor. They help dilate blood vessels in the head and reduce the intensity of pain in the head. Painkillers may be prescribed for severe pain attacks.

Alternative treatments

Some people use alternative therapies to treat migraines, such as applying a honey mask to the forehead and neck, sage point injections, soothing aroma oils, and interlayer acupuncture. For those who want to try, it is necessary to consult with experts in this field.

Features of the treatment of migraine in women

Migraine is a chronic disease that most often affects women. Headache, nausea, photophobia, tinnitus, dizziness and other symptoms can be signals of the onset of an attack. Treatment of migraine in women can take place both with medication and without the use of medication.

Medical treatment of migraine in women

If a woman suffers from regular migraine attacks, she should see a neurologist. The specialist may prescribe medications to help reduce the frequency and severity of seizures. Among the medications that are used to treat migraine in women, one can distinguish aspirin, paracetamol, ibuprofen and other drugs.

Non-drug treatments for migraine in women

In addition, non-drug treatments can also help women with migraine. For example, hypnosis, acupuncture, yoga, massage, physical therapy and other alternative medicine methods can reduce migraine symptoms and make a woman’s life more comfortable.

Regular follow-up with a doctor

An important aspect of the treatment of migraine in women is regular follow-up with a doctor. Experts recommend that women suffering from migraine undergo examinations and consultations at least once a year. This allows you to monitor the progress of the disease and timely adjust therapy.

Prevention of migraine: effective methods

Migraine is a chronic disease that inevitably recurs. However, there are methods that can reduce the frequency and intensity of migraine attacks.

• Maintain regular sleep: Poor sleep is one of the main causes of migraines. Try to sleep at least 7-8 hours a day.
• Watch your food: some foods can trigger a migraine. Avoid spicy, fried and fatty foods, alcohol and preservatives. Drink more water.
• Reduce stress: intense emotional distress and constant stress can trigger migraines. Do yoga, meditation, sports, listen to music, do nice things.
• Avoid cigarettes: nicotine and other harmful substances in tobacco cause migraines and exacerbate their symptoms.

In any case, if you have persistent migraine attacks, do not delay seeking medical attention and get qualified medical care.

Health risk of migraine

Migraine can have a negative impact on a person’s health, especially if treated incorrectly or not at all. Another serious risk factor is the often occurring pain paroxysm, which can reduce performance, cause problems in personal life and limit daily activities.

Preventive measures are recommended, which include proper nutrition, avoidance of bad habits, exercise, meditation and other methods to reduce stress. It is also important to monitor your health in order to notice possible changes in a timely manner.

• Don’t ignore migraines: Early diagnosis and treatment can prevent serious complications.
• Manage stress actively: Eliminating stressors will help reduce the risk of migraines.
• Avoid triggers: Triggers can cause pain attacks, so try to avoid them.

Migraine in children and adolescents

Migraine is a disease that can occur in children and adolescents. In children and adolescents, migraine can manifest itself in the form of attacks that occur rarely, but last longer than in adults. In such cases, children and adolescents need to see a doctor to find out the causes of migraine and get advice on treatment.

Many of the symptoms of migraine in children and adolescents can be similar to those of other diseases, so a doctor’s examination is necessary to diagnose migraine. Typically, migraine in children and adolescents is treated in the same way as in adults. However, some medicines used to treat adults can be dangerous for children and adolescents, so treatment should be under the supervision of a specialist.

Inaction in a child’s migraine can lead to deterioration and lack of overall well-being, so one of the most effective ways to reduce the frequency of attacks or eliminate migraine episodes in children and adolescents is proper treatment, diet and stretching.

In any case, parents and children should contact their doctor if a child or teenager has recurring headaches or any other migraine symptoms. Only a qualified doctor will be able to give an accurate diagnosis and prescribe treatment that can reduce the frequency of attacks and improve the quality of life of a child or adolescent.

Alternative treatments for migraine

Acupuncture. This migraine treatment involves the insertion of fine needles into specific points on the patient’s body to reduce pain and improve the general condition of the body. Many patients notice a significant reduction in the frequency of migraine attacks after a course of acupuncture.

Phytotherapy. The use of natural herbal preparations may help patients cope with migraines. For example, lavender oil helps to reduce the intensity of pain during attacks. Chamomile, lemon balm and motherwort tea should also help.

Yoga and meditation. Relaxation techniques such as yoga and meditation can improve a patient’s psychological well-being and reduce the tension and stress often associated with migraine attacks. For the best effect, it is recommended to practice yoga and meditation regularly and for a long time.

Massage. Head and neck massage can help relieve tension, reduce pain and relax. The massage therapist may also apply oils and aromatic oils to improve results.

• Important! Regardless of the methods of treatment for migraine, you should consult a doctor and get qualified medical help.
• Find out your triggers. For successful treatment of migraine, it is important to identify and avoid the factors that trigger a migraine attack.

Prevention of migraine while working at a computer

1. Regular breaks

When working at a computer, it is important to take regular breaks every 20-30 minutes. During breaks, you can do simple eye exercises, stretch your neck and shoulders, and go outside for fresh air.

2. Proper lighting

Lighting in the room should be sufficient, but not bright. The ideal option would be uniform natural light, while the monitor screen should not reflect light.

3. Computer glasses

If computer work takes up most of your time, you can purchase special computer glasses with anti-reflective coating that reduce eye strain.

4. Mode of operation

It is important to properly organize your mode of work. Do not work at the computer for more than 8 hours a day and forget about regular breaks. It is also necessary to take into account that the daylight hours must correspond to the work schedule.

5. Correct screen position

The monitor screen must be at eye level and at least 50 cm away from the eyes. It is also worth paying attention to the fact that the monitor must be adjusted in brightness and contrast to the lighting in the room.

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Q&A:

What is a migraine and how can it be diagnosed?

Migraine is an attack of head pain with pronounced symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, photophobia and phonography. Migraine can be identified by its features: pain that can last from several hours to several days, one-sided, having a “pulsating” character.

What are the main causes of migraine?

The main causes of migraine are genetic predisposition, unfavorable external factors (stress, weather changes, strong smell), improper diet, sleep disorders, hormonal changes in the body.

How can migraine attacks be avoided?

To avoid migraine attacks, you need to monitor your daily routine, eat right, avoid stressful situations. For some patients, a special diet helps, and for others, migraine therapy with medications.

How is migraine treated?

Migraine treatment may include both drug therapy and non-drug methods (massage, acupuncture, physical therapy).