What are the symptoms of oral thrush. How can you treat oral thrush at home. When should you see a doctor for oral thrush. What are the most effective natural remedies for oral thrush.

Understanding Oral Thrush: Causes and Symptoms

Oral thrush, also known as oral candidiasis, is a fungal infection that occurs in the mouth when Candida yeast overgrows. This condition can affect anyone, but it’s more common in infants, older adults, and individuals with weakened immune systems.

The primary symptoms of oral thrush include:

• White, cottage cheese-like patches on the tongue, cheeks, and throat
• Redness or soreness in the affected areas
• Dry, cotton-like feeling in the mouth
• Loss of taste
• Difficulty swallowing (in severe cases)

In infants, oral thrush may also cause:

• Fussiness and irritability during feeding
• Reluctance to feed
• White coating on the tongue

Home Remedies for Oral Thrush: Natural Treatment Options

While severe cases of oral thrush may require medical intervention, many mild cases can be effectively treated with home remedies. Here are nine natural treatments that may help alleviate symptoms and promote healing:

1. Saltwater Rinse

A simple saltwater rinse can help reduce the discomfort associated with oral thrush and create an unfavorable environment for Candida growth. To prepare a saltwater rinse, dissolve 1/2 teaspoon of salt in a cup of warm water. Swish the solution in your mouth for 30 seconds before spitting it out. Repeat this process 2-3 times daily.

2. Yogurt

Consuming probiotic-rich yogurt can help restore the balance of good bacteria in your mouth and digestive system. Choose plain, unsweetened yogurt that contains live cultures of Lactobacillus acidophilus. Eat at least one serving daily or apply a small amount directly to the affected areas in your mouth.

3. Coconut Oil Pulling

Coconut oil has natural antifungal properties that can help combat oral thrush. To practice oil pulling, swish 1-2 tablespoons of coconut oil in your mouth for 15-20 minutes, then spit it out. Rinse your mouth with warm water and brush your teeth as usual. Repeat this process once daily, preferably in the morning before eating.

4. Apple Cider Vinegar

Apple cider vinegar’s acidity can create an inhospitable environment for Candida yeast. Mix 1-2 tablespoons of raw, unfiltered apple cider vinegar with a cup of water. Use this solution as a mouth rinse twice daily. Be sure to dilute the vinegar properly to avoid irritating your mouth.

5. Garlic

Garlic contains allicin, a compound with potent antifungal properties. Crush a clove of raw garlic and mix it with a small amount of olive oil to create a paste. Apply this paste to the affected areas in your mouth for 5-10 minutes before rinsing. Alternatively, you can incorporate more garlic into your diet or take garlic supplements.

Dietary Changes to Support Oral Thrush Treatment

In addition to home remedies, making certain dietary changes can help manage oral thrush and prevent future infections:

• Reduce sugar intake: Candida thrives on sugar, so limiting sugary foods and drinks can help control yeast growth.
• Increase probiotic-rich foods: Incorporate fermented foods like kefir, sauerkraut, and kimchi into your diet to promote beneficial bacteria growth.
• Consume more vitamin C: Foods high in vitamin C, such as citrus fruits and bell peppers, can boost your immune system and help fight off infections.
• Stay hydrated: Drinking plenty of water can help flush out toxins and maintain a healthy oral environment.

Oral Hygiene Practices for Managing Thrush

Maintaining good oral hygiene is crucial for treating and preventing oral thrush. Here are some essential practices to incorporate into your daily routine:

1. Brush your teeth at least twice daily using a soft-bristled toothbrush.
2. Floss daily to remove food particles and plaque between teeth.
3. Replace your toothbrush regularly, especially after recovering from oral thrush.
4. If you wear dentures, clean them thoroughly every day and soak them in an antifungal solution overnight.
5. Avoid mouthwashes containing alcohol, as they can disrupt the natural balance of oral bacteria.

Essential Oils for Oral Thrush Relief

Certain essential oils have antifungal properties that may help combat oral thrush. However, it’s important to use them carefully and always dilute them before application. Here are some essential oils that may be beneficial:

• Tea tree oil: Mix 1-2 drops with a carrier oil and apply to affected areas.
• Oregano oil: Dilute 1-2 drops in water and use as a mouth rinse.
• Clove oil: Add a drop to your toothpaste when brushing.
• Lavender oil: Mix a few drops with coconut oil for oil pulling.

Always perform a patch test before using essential oils and consult with a healthcare professional if you have any concerns.

When to Seek Medical Attention for Oral Thrush

While many cases of oral thrush can be managed with home remedies, there are instances when professional medical care is necessary. Seek medical attention if:

• Symptoms persist for more than two weeks despite home treatment
• You experience severe pain or difficulty swallowing
• You have a weakened immune system due to conditions like HIV/AIDS or cancer
• You’re taking medications that may increase your risk of fungal infections
• Your infant shows signs of dehydration or refuses to feed

A healthcare provider can prescribe antifungal medications if needed and address any underlying health issues contributing to the infection.

Preventing Recurrent Oral Thrush Infections

Once you’ve successfully treated oral thrush, taking steps to prevent future infections is essential. Here are some preventive measures to consider:

• Practice good oral hygiene consistently
• Limit sugar and refined carbohydrate intake
• Manage underlying health conditions, such as diabetes
• Avoid overuse of antibiotics, which can disrupt oral flora
• Quit smoking, as it can increase the risk of oral thrush
• Rinse your mouth after using corticosteroid inhalers
• Maintain a healthy, balanced diet rich in nutrients that support immune function

By incorporating these preventive measures into your lifestyle, you can significantly reduce your risk of developing oral thrush in the future.

The Role of Probiotics in Oral Health

Probiotics play a crucial role in maintaining oral health and preventing fungal overgrowth. These beneficial bacteria help create an environment that’s unfavorable for Candida yeast to thrive. Consider incorporating probiotic supplements or probiotic-rich foods into your daily routine to support oral health and reduce the risk of thrush recurrence.

Natural Antifungal Foods to Include in Your Diet

In addition to probiotic-rich foods, certain natural antifungal foods can help combat Candida overgrowth. Include these foods in your diet to support oral health:

• Coconut oil
• Garlic
• Ginger
• Olive oil
• Cinnamon
• Turmeric
• Oregano

Incorporating these foods into your meals can provide additional support in managing and preventing oral thrush.

Understanding the Link Between Oral Thrush and Systemic Health

Oral thrush can sometimes be an indicator of underlying health issues or systemic Candida overgrowth. Chronic or recurrent oral thrush may be associated with:

• Weakened immune system
• Diabetes
• Hormonal imbalances
• Nutritional deficiencies
• Chronic stress

If you experience persistent or recurring oral thrush, it’s important to consult with a healthcare provider to identify and address any potential underlying causes.

The Impact of Stress on Oral Health

Chronic stress can weaken the immune system and make you more susceptible to infections, including oral thrush. Implementing stress-reduction techniques can support overall health and reduce the risk of fungal overgrowth. Consider incorporating practices such as:

• Meditation
• Yoga
• Deep breathing exercises
• Regular physical activity
• Adequate sleep

By managing stress effectively, you can support your immune system and promote better oral health.

Natural Supplements for Boosting Immune Function

Certain supplements can help strengthen your immune system and improve your body’s ability to fight off fungal infections. Consider discussing the following supplements with your healthcare provider:

• Vitamin C
• Vitamin D
• Zinc
• Echinacea
• Elderberry
• Astragalus

Always consult with a healthcare professional before starting any new supplement regimen, especially if you have underlying health conditions or are taking medications.

Alternative Therapies for Managing Oral Thrush

In addition to conventional treatments and home remedies, some people find relief from oral thrush symptoms through alternative therapies. While scientific evidence may be limited for some of these approaches, they may be worth exploring under the guidance of a qualified practitioner:

• Acupuncture
• Herbal medicine
• Homeopathy
• Ayurvedic treatments

It’s important to note that these alternative therapies should not replace conventional medical treatment, especially in severe cases of oral thrush. Always consult with your healthcare provider before trying any new treatment approach.

The Importance of Patient Education in Oral Thrush Management

Understanding oral thrush and its management is crucial for effective treatment and prevention. Educating yourself about the condition can help you:

• Recognize early symptoms
• Implement appropriate home care measures
• Make informed decisions about treatment options
• Understand when to seek professional medical care

By staying informed and proactive in your oral health care, you can better manage oral thrush and reduce the risk of future infections.

Long-Term Strategies for Oral Health Maintenance

Maintaining good oral health goes beyond treating acute episodes of thrush. Implementing long-term strategies can help prevent recurrence and promote overall oral health. Consider adopting these habits:

• Schedule regular dental check-ups and cleanings
• Use a tongue scraper to remove built-up debris
• Choose oral care products that support a healthy oral microbiome
• Stay hydrated to maintain adequate saliva production
• Avoid tobacco products and limit alcohol consumption

By incorporating these strategies into your daily routine, you can create an environment that’s less conducive to fungal overgrowth and promote long-term oral health.

What to Do and When to See a Doctor

Written by WebMD Editorial Contributors

Medically Reviewed by Robert Brennan on April 02, 2023

• Remedies and Treatments for Oral Thrush
• When to See Your Doctor

Oral thrush is a fungal infection in your mouth, throat, or esophagus. It occurs when Candida a fungus, that’s found in your mouth and digestive tract, multiplies. White patches similar to a rash appear in the mouth, on the tongue and cheeks, and in the throat. 

Anyone can develop thrush. Candida, or yeast, is responsible for diaper rash as well as vaginal yeast infections in women. Oral thrush is most common in babies, toddlers, older adults, and people with weakened immune systems. 

Oral Thrush Symptoms in Adults 

Oral Thrush has different symptoms depending on your age and the type of infection, including: 

• White, rash-like patches on the tongue, cheeks, upper mouth, tonsils, and throat
• A dry sensation, or cotton-like feeling in your mouth
• Loss of taste
• Raised red spots similar to cottage cheese 
• Redness and cracking around your mouth

If the yeast overgrowth has traveled to your esophagus, you may experience throat pain and have trouble swallowing. People who smoke or wear dentures are also more prone to developing oral thrush. 

Oral Thrush Symptoms in Infants And Mothers

If your child has oral thrush, you’ll see the same thick, white patches on the tongue as well as in the mouth and throat. Other symptoms of this condition in babies include: 

• A sore mouth
• Decreased sucking when breastfeeding or bottle-feeding, which results in consuming less milk
• White coating on the tongue
• Sensitive, cracked, or sore nipples if you’re breastfeeding

Oral thrush clears up within a few weeks with the proper antifungal treatment. The condition may be harder to treat if you have a weakened immune system from HIV infection, cancer, or diabetes.

Immediate Treatment

Treatment is designed to stop the fungus from spreading, but it’s also important to determine the infection’s underlying causes. This can prevent future infections and keep yeast under control.  

Take care of your teeth by brushing and flossing at least twice a day. Don’t share your toothbrush with anyone and replace it often until the infection clears. If you wear dentures, disinfect them as fungus-covered dentures can lead to reinfection. Talk to your dentist to determine the best way to clean your appliances. 

If oral thrush is developed while breastfeeding, place pads on your breasts to prevent the infection from spreading to your clothing. Avoid pads with plastic barriers, which can cause yeast to grow. Wear a clean bra every day and talk to your doctor to determine how to clean bottles, pacifiers, and breast pumps if you use one.

If you have a mild case of oral thrush after a course of antibiotics, consider eating yogurt or taking an over-the-counter (OTC) acidophilus pill. Probiotics help repopulate the “good” bacteria in your body. 

Long-Term Treatment

Severe cases of thrush are usually treated with antifungal medications. They’re available as tablets, lozenges, or liquids that you swish around in your mouth before swallowing. Common medications include: 

• Antifungal mouthwash (nystatin)
• Lozenges (clotrimazole) 
• Antifungal medicines like fluconazole (Diflucan) or itraconazole (Sporanox). These are taken in tablet or liquid form. 

The course of treatment depends on your age and the cause of the fungal infection. A course of medication lasts from 10 to 14 days. 

If your immune system is uncompromised, oral thrush should resolve within two weeks. If you are immunocompromised or have an underlying medical condition, call your doctor. Here are some symptoms that may be warning signs:

• Thrush-like sores that don’t go away
• Difficulty or pain when swallowing
• Thrush symptoms with an underlying medical condition, like HIV

If you suspect your child has oral thrush, seek medical care if they:

• Are dehydrated
• Haven’t urinated in more than eight hours
• Have dark urine and a dry mouth
• Bleeding sores in the mouth
• Look or act very sick.

A Candida infection may be an indication of other diseases or medical problems. Talk to your doctor to set up any additional treatment plans.

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Oral thrush is treated with antifungal medication, but you can also ease uncomfortable symptoms with home remedies such as salt water, yogurt, clove oil, apple cider vinegar, and more.

Oral thrush, also called oral candidiasis, is a yeast infection of the mouth. It happens when there’s a buildup of the Candida albicans fungus in the lining of the mouth.

Oral thrush may occur in adults or children.

If you have oral thrush, you’ll need antifungal medication to clear the yeast. However, you may be able to help manage bothersome symptoms with home remedies, too.

Read on to learn how you can help treat the symptoms of this condition at home.

It’s important to treat oral thrush as soon as possible to contain the infection. Doctors often prescribe antifungal medications in the form of mouthwashes, pills, or lozenges.

Mild cases of oral thrush may go away on their own.

The following home remedies, used in addition to antifungal medications, may help relieve symptoms of the infection.

1. Salt water

Salt has antiseptic, cleansing, and soothing properties. This makes it a common home remedy for many oral problems.

Rinsing your mouth with salt water could help relieve symptoms of oral thrush.

To use:

1. Dissolve 1/2 teaspoon salt in 1 cup warm water.
2. Swish the solution throughout your mouth.
3. Spit out the salt solution.

2. Baking soda

Rinsing your mouth with baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) may help treat oral thrush.

In a 2009 study, researchers looked at the effectiveness of sodium bicarbonate as a disinfectant of Candida albicans adhered to acrylic resin. The test was meant to simulate the daily disinfecting of dentures.

Researchers concluded that, although not the most effective form of disinfectant, baking soda was a “viable alternative.”

To use:

1. Dissolve 1/2 teaspoon baking soda in 1 cup warm water.
2. Swish the rinse throughout your mouth.
3. Spit out the rinse.

3. Yogurt

Probiotic yogurt contains live, “good” bacteria cultures that may help treat oral thrush.

The cultures don’t kill Candida. Instead, they stop its growth. They may also help restore the proper balance of good to bad bacteria in the mouth.

Since it’s soft, yogurt is also a great food to eat if you’re having trouble swallowing due to painful mouth and throat lesions.

To use:

1. Eat yogurt a couple times daily at the first sign of oral thrush.
2. Choose unsweetened varieties of yogurt since Candida thrives on sugar.
3. If you don’t like yogurt, you can get the same benefits by taking a daily probiotic supplement.

4. Lemon juice

Lemon juice is thought to have antiseptic and antifungal abilities that help it fight against the fungus that causes thrush.

According to a small 2009 study, lemon juice was found to be a more effective treatment for oral thrush than gentian violet among people with HIV. (Gentian violet is another home remedy for oral thrush, but recent evidence shows it may cause cancer.) Since the study was small, more research is needed.

To use:

1. Add the juice of half a lemon to 1 cup warm or cool water.
2. Drink the mixture, or use as a mouth rinse.

Some people apply lemon juice directly to thrush lesions, but the lemon’s acidity may cause burning and irritation.

5. Turmeric

Turmeric gets its vibrant yellow color from curcumin. Curcumin is a powerful compound thought to have anti-inflammatory abilities.

According to a 2010 study on mice, curcumin may treat oral thrush. The study found curcumin to be an antifungal against both albicans and non-albicans species of Candida, especially when combined with piperine.

Piperine is a compound found in black pepper that helps the body absorb turmeric. Further research is needed on humans.

To use:

1. Make “golden milk” by combining 1/4 to 1/2 teaspoon turmeric paste (store-bought or homemade) with a dash of black pepper and 1 cup filtered water or milk of your choice.
2. Heat in a saucepan until warm.
3. Swish the mixture throughout your mouth as you drink it.

6. Clove oil

People have used clove oil as a folk remedy for oral problems for centuries. It’s still used in dentistry today as an antiseptic and pain reliever.

According to a 2005 in vivo and in vitro study on immunosuppressed rats, the main compound in clove oil (eugenol) was found to be as effective in treating oral thrush as the antifungal drug nystatin (Mycostatin).

Further research on humans is still needed, but it may work as a beneficial addition to treatment.

To use:

Take clove oil as a dietary supplement as directed by the manufacturer or your doctor. You can also make a clove mouth rinse:

1. Steep 1 teaspoon whole ground cloves in 1 cup boiling water for at least 5 minutes.
2. Strain the solution, keeping the liquid.
3. Swish the liquid around your mouth.
4. Spit out the solution.

Cloves may cause an allergic reaction or a numbing effect in the mouth in some people.

Buy clove oil here.

7. Oregano oil

Oregano oil is used to flavor foods, but it also has antimicrobial and antifungal abilities.

According to older research from 2001 conducted on mice and in vitro, oregano oil was effective against Candida albicans. Further research is needed.

To use:

1. Combine 2 drops oregano oil with 1 cup water.
2. Swish the mixture throughout your mouth.
3. Spit out the solution.

Never use undiluted oregano oil orally or topically.

Buy oregano oil here.

8. Apple cider vinegar

People with dentures have a higher risk of oral thrush. Dentures that don’t fit properly or that aren’t cleaned well provide the ideal environment for Candida to thrive. This may cause a condition similar to thrush called denture stomatitis.

According to a 2015 in vitro study, apple cider vinegar has antifungal properties against Candida and may be a good alternative treatment option for people with denture stomatitis.

To use:

1. Add 1 teaspoon raw, unfiltered apple cider vinegar to 1 cup water.
2. Swish the rinse throughout your mouth for at least 15 seconds.
3. Spit out the mixture.

Some natural health professionals recommend rinsing with undiluted apple cider vinegar, but this may cause a painful burning sensation in your mouth.

Buy apple cider vinegar here.

9. Vitamin C

Vitamin C (also called ascorbic acid) is necessary for proper immune system function. It does this by encouraging white blood cell production, which helps protect your body against infection.

It also helps these cells function more effectively and protects them against harmful molecules.

A healthy immune system helps bring balance back to your body. Increasing your intake of vitamin C if you’re deficient may help boost your body’s ability to beat the infection.

Oral thrush almost always causes symptoms, although they range in severity and duration.

Common symptoms are:

• raised white lesions that resemble cottage cheese on the tongue, inner cheeks, gums, the roof of the mouth, and tonsils
• mouth redness or soreness
• mouth bleeding
• loss of taste
• feeling like your mouth is full of cotton
• difficulty eating and swallowing if lesions spread to your throat or esophagus

For most people, oral thrush isn’t a serious problem. If your immune system is compromised, however, it may spread and become a systemic infection.

Contact your doctor right away at the first signs of oral thrush if you have a compromised immune system.

Other conditions mimic oral thrush, such as oral hairy leukoplakia and lichen planus. See your doctor for a proper diagnosis before self-treating.

Since most home remedies have been researched on animals, it’s a good idea to talk with your doctor before trying them.

Breastfed babies with oral thrush may transmit the infection to their mother’s breasts. If you’re breastfeeding and develop redness around your nipples or pain, see your doctor.

Many home remedies aren’t appropriate for infants and children. Talk with your pediatrician before using.

Home remedies for oral thrush may help relieve symptoms, but they won’t cure the yeast infection.

Home remedies are meant to support, not replace, antifungal medications that treat oral thrush. You may still need an antifungal to get rid of the Candida fungus entirely.

Once you’ve eliminated oral thrush, you can reduce your risk of getting it again by brushing and flossing your teeth twice daily. Replace your toothbrush to prevent reinfection.

To help prevent Candida yeast from taking up residence in your mouth or other areas of your body, follow these tips:

• Rinse your mouth after meals and each time you use a corticosteroid inhaler.
• Keep your dentures clean, and remove them every night.
• Treat dry mouth.
• If you have diabetes, work with your doctor to manage your blood sugar.
• If you’re pregnant, treat vaginal yeast infections promptly.
• If you smoke, consider quitting. Visit Smokefree.gov to create a quit plan that will work for you.

Thrush in the mouth in adults: symptoms, treatment – ROOTT

Causes Types Danger Treatment Remedial measures Drugs against thrush

Oral candidiasis (thrush) is an infectious disease of the mucous membranes. It is caused by a fungus of the genus Candida.

Mucous membranes are covered with whitish plaques resembling curd mass. Patients have unpleasant sensations in the mouth, a burning sensation. Eating, sometimes even speaking, becomes painful. Patients complain of dry mouth and bad breath.

Thrush is very common in infants but is easily tolerated and heals quickly. It often occurs in people with dentures, those taking corticosteroids, or undergoing chemotherapy.

Causes of the disease

Yeast fungi are present in the body of any person. Under the influence of certain factors, they begin to multiply uncontrollably.

Thrush in the mouth is caused by:

• Hormonal changes, e.g. during pregnancy
• Taking certain medications
• Weakening of immunity due to illness
• Inadequate oral hygiene
• Mucosal injuries
• High carbohydrate diet
• Taking contraceptives
• Smoking
• Candidiasis is contagious, it can be transmitted through shared utensils, kissing.

Classification

Symptoms of thrush manifest themselves in different ways, depending on the form of the disease. In dentistry, the following forms of candidiasis are distinguished:

1. Acute pseudomembranous
   – Mild form: the only symptom is the presence of plaque. If you scrape it off, a swollen, reddened mucous membrane is visible.
   – Moderate: plaque is difficult to remove, there are unpleasant sensations while eating. The submandibular lymph nodes are enlarged.
   – Severe form: extensive, off-white plaque. Signs of tissue infiltration. Plaques are removed with difficulty, bleeding mucous membrane is visible under them.
2. Acute atrophic
   Mucosa red, painful to touch, smooth. The plaque is dense, covers the cheeks from the inside, tongue, palate. The mouth is dry. There are teeth marks on the tongue. There may be a bitter, sour, metallic taste in the mouth. The acute course can become chronic, usually in patients with removable dentures. Therefore, its second name is prosthetic stomatitis. Under the prosthesis, the mucous membrane is dry, red. There is almost no plaque, but the pain syndrome is pronounced. On the back of the tongue papillae atrophy. This leads to a change in taste sensations.
   Sometimes atrophic candidiasis is called erythematous (“erythema” – redness).
3. Chronic hyperplastic
   It occurs only in adults, mainly in smokers. The coating is dirty gray, located in the corners of the lips, on the tongue. It scrapes off badly, has an unpleasant smell. The plaques merge, covering the mucosa almost completely. Saliva changes: it becomes viscous and foams. The most common such thrush in men.

Why is thrush dangerous? But candida is a yeast-like fungus, and, therefore, is capable of rapid reproduction, like any yeast. From the mucous membranes of the mouth, thrush can spread to the throat. This causes changes in the voice, makes it hoarse. Spreading to the esophagus, it provokes inflammation of the esophageal mucosa (esophagitis), making it painful for food to pass through it.

Untreated hyperplastic candidiasis develops into malignant neoplasms.

Most importantly, the reproduction of the fungus indicates a malfunction in the body’s defenses.

Only a doctor is able to prescribe the necessary examination and, based on its results, prescribe the appropriate treatment for a fungal infection.

How to treat thrush

Successful treatment requires an accurate diagnosis. For this, a number of laboratory tests are prescribed. Bacteriological culture is mandatory. He will not only confirm the thrush, but also determine which type of fungus caused it. This is important when prescribing drugs. After a clinical examination, the dentist may recommend blood glucose or HIV testing.

Recommended consultations with narrow specialists:

• Endocrinologist
  To make sure there are no endocrine disorders.
• Allergist
  To detect sensitivity to dentures.
• Therapist
  To clarify the nature of somatic diseases.

Treatment of thrush in adults and children should be comprehensive and include activities aimed at strengthening general immunity, teaching adequate oral hygiene, and changing the diet.

Algorithm of therapeutic measures

• For the best result, the intervention begins with the sanitation of the oral cavity. Carious teeth are treated by replacing the affected tissues with filling material. Remove hard plaque and tartar from enamel. Plaque is a hotbed of infection, it is necessary to get rid of it.
• Eliminate the factors provoking candidiasis. Replace dentures if they cause an allergic reaction or do not fit well. Stop the exacerbation of common diseases. Take steps to improve your hormone levels. Conduct activities that increase immunity.
• Administer antifungals based on culture results. Prescribed antihistamines, restorative agents, immunomodulators.
• Give recommendations on the normalization of the microflora in the oral cavity.

To prevent relapses, it is useful to establish regular hygiene, to exclude foods rich in fast carbohydrates and sugars from the diet. Restorative activities include physical activity and stress-reducing activities (hobbies). It is important not to take medicines uncontrollably, according to recommendations from the Internet or from friends.

Thrush medicines

• Candidiasis medicines come in various forms:
• Suspensions (Diflucan, Amphotericin B)
• Tablets (Nystatin, Flucanosole, Itriconazole)
• Gels (Mikanozol)

A good effect in candidiasis is brought by rinsing with antiseptic agents: Chlorhexidine, Miramistin. This is especially important if the patient wears removable dentures or, for various reasons, cannot maintain adequate hygiene.

Patients should be advised to regularly disinfect their prostheses.

Physician’s opinion: Most drugs for the treatment of thrush are prescription drugs. Their independent use can cause serious complications. Therefore, do not self-medicate, contact your dentist. The doctor will prescribe treatment only after determining the sensitivity of the fungus to certain drugs. This will increase the effectiveness of the intervention and prevent relapses.

Thrush (candidiasis) in the mouth – treatment, types and causes of the disease

Contents

Oral candidiasis is an inflammatory disease. It can develop due to damage to the mucosa. Thrush in the mouth in adults and children is formed due to the defeat of the Candida fungus. Doctors often associate this disease with a decrease in immunity. According to recent studies, about 90% of the population are carriers of this fungus. Most often, the presence of this fungus does not manifest itself.

Causes of candidiasis

Oral candidiasis can be a sign that there are big problems in the body. In order for the fungus to actively multiply, special conditions are required. As a rule, those who ignore oral hygiene face candidiasis in the mouth. Increase the risk of caries, gum disease. All this in combination has a detrimental effect on the protective barrier of our body.

Another list of causes is the presence of the following diseases:

• human immunodeficiency virus;
• diabetes mellitus;
• presence of malignancy;
• vitamin deficiency;
• dystrophy;
• severe infectious diseases;
• recent surgery.

There are also specific reasons for the development of candidiasis. For example, thrush can form after long-term antibiotic treatment. The use of such strong medicines adversely affects not only the harmful microflora, but is also capable of killing the beneficial one. This causes an imbalance and promotes the reproduction of the fungus.

Also, the disease can develop after inhalation with corticosteroids. In this case, ulcers will appear in those places where there was contact with medicines. Affects the reproduction of the fungus and the diet. Consumption of large amounts of carbohydrates causes Candida activity.

Increase the risk of thrush and bad habits. In particular, smoking. Acute pseudomembranous candidiasis is common in people with tongue piercings.

Among the risks is the presence of bridges. However, there is a risk only if the patient does not comply with hygiene standards. Therefore, it is important to carefully disinfect as a preventive measure against candidiasis. In addition, do not forget to remove the prosthesis at night. Otherwise, the disease will progress very actively. Also, during sleep, the prosthesis can provoke microdamages, which affects not only the mucosa, but also the state of the enamel.

Quite often, candidiasis can be caused by drying out of the mucosa. Often this factor is accompanied by other diseases. Therefore, it is important to consider all the symptoms.

Oral candidiasis is much more common in children than in adults. Doctors explain this by the fact that the child has not yet fully formed immunity. Therefore, bacteria enter the baby’s body during childbirth.

Types of oral candidiasis and symptoms

Depending on the individual case, symptoms may vary. This is also affected by the level of damage to the mucous membranes. There are several forms of the disease:

• acute pseudomembranous;
• acute atrophic;
• atrophic in the chronic stage;
• hyperplastic in the chronic stage.

Despite the different symptoms, the treatment for all forms is almost identical.

Acute pseudomembranous candidiasis

This form often has no symptoms. The patient only feels a slight discomfort associated with the appearance of a light film on the mucosa. If the disease proceeds easily, the film lags behind the mucosa without effort. In this case, the part under the film is painted in a bright pink hue. If the disease is severe, the plaques will be larger. Most often, the severe course of the disease occurs in infants. Less common in adults after taking antibiotics or corticosteroids.

Acute and chronic atrophic candidiasis

A vivid symptom of the acute form is too active burning. In this case, a light plaque may not even form. Most patients report a metallic taste in their mouth. There may also be a salty or bitter taste. Many patients with this form of candidiasis call dryness of the oral mucosa a separate symptom. Most often, this form provokes the intake of appropriate medications.

Chronic atrophic candidiasis is characterized by less pronounced redness and itching. The most common cause of the development of the disease is the installation of prostheses.

Chronic hyperplastic candidiasis

Chronic hyperplastic candidiasis mainly occurs in adult patients. The spread of the fungus can even go to the corners of the mouth, affects the lips, soft palate. The resulting ulcers and plaques begin to merge together. With the course of the disease, they become covered with a rough crust, acquire a yellow tint.

Methods of diagnosis

Oral thrush in adults can be treated by a dentist. Initially, it is necessary to conduct an examination, collect an anamnesis. The specialist will note what medications you took, whether there are diseases in a chronic form. Be sure to take an analysis of the plaque for research. Often, non-fungal elements can be confused with fungal ones.

It is important to properly prepare for sampling. Scraping is taken in the morning on an empty stomach. Do not brush your teeth or rinse your mouth with mouthwash before the procedure. The day before the test, it is worth reducing food with a large amount of carbohydrates. This will reduce the risk of developing pathogenic flora. Thanks to a qualitative study, you can not only establish whether the disease is really caused by the Candida fungus, but also find out how sensitive the flora is to certain medications. Depending on the results of this analysis, the specialist prescribes the appropriate therapy.

Features of treatment

The attending physicians prescribe local antifungal medicines as the basis for therapy. Today, there are many of them in the pharmaceutical segment, but the indicator of drug resistance of fungi also changes every year. Today, for example, Candida has almost complete resistance to Fluconazole, although earlier this drug was used most actively.

Depending on the clinical picture, it is important to select the treatment on an individual basis. The scheme can be influenced by the type of pathogen, personal characteristics, previously collected anamnesis.

It is mandatory to include topical medications in the treatment regimen as adjuvants. These include:

• mouth rinses;
• drug in the form of gels, suspensions;
• lozenges, special lozenges;
• irrigation solutions or sprays;
• ointments for topical application and tamponade.

The attending physician may prescribe specialized antiseptics, prescribe the use of saline solutions for irrigating the mouth. As a rule, among antiseptics, formulations with iodine, chlorhexidine, gentian violet are most often used. In some cases, the use of lozenges or lozenges works effectively.

Conditions for effective treatment

In order to effectively cure thrush, it is necessary to understand the cause of its occurrence. If the cause of the disease is poor oral hygiene, it is worth treating the gums, teeth, and eliminating caries. All these nuances can be considered as potential foci of inflammation. Therefore, having treated the entire dentition together with thrush, you can reduce the duration of treatment. It is also recommended to undergo a cleaning procedure from tartar – often it injures the mucous membrane with its sharp corners.

Given that removable dentures may be the cause, it is important to repeat the consultation with the patient, reminding him of hygiene procedures. If the period of use of the prosthesis comes to an end, it is worth replacing it. Otherwise, it will become a breeding ground for Candida.

Any crowns that have deteriorated must also be replaced. Repair any chips on the enamel surface. They can injure the gums and cause the spread of bacteria.

During treatment, smokers are advised to refrain from addiction. In the event that the disease was caused by taking corticosteroids, it is necessary to reconsider the treatment regimen. After using aerosols with the drug, it is important to rinse your mouth thoroughly with plenty of water.

When undergoing treatment, if the cause of the disease is taking antibiotics, it is necessary to add medicines to the therapy regimen to restore the balance of microflora. In this regard, the patient may need additional advice from a highly specialized specialist. The intake of probiotics and prebiotics is selected on an individual basis.

For all people undergoing therapy for thrush in the mouth, there is a list of recommendations:

• strictly follow all the rules of oral hygiene;
• limit intake of carbohydrate foods;
• give up sweets.

All food that is capable of irritating the mucous should be excluded from the patient’s diet. These are dishes that contain vinegar, a lot of spices and spices, smoked foods, fruits with high acidity. In addition, it is forbidden to consume yeast baked goods, sugar. The temperature of the food should be warm. Even after completing the course of therapy, it is necessary to follow such restrictions for about 2 months.

In some cases, your healthcare professional may recommend additional use of toothpastes with glucose oxidase or other ingredients. They form a protective mucosal barrier in the mouth. Also, such pastes are often included in preventive treatment. The paste is selected individually depending on the results of the analysis. In the same way, a toothbrush is selected.

Candidiasis prophylaxis

There is a specific Candida prophylaxis that is given to HIV-positive patients. The same prophylaxis is required when the patient is undergoing radiation therapy or a course of antibiotics. In the event that there are no such risk factors, the treating specialist will provide separate recommendations.

When carrying out prophylaxis for diabetics, patients with chronic lung diseases, it is important to control the course of the underlying disease. It is necessary to visit the attending physician in a timely manner and take a course of prescribed medications.

If it is impossible to do without antibiotics during the treatment of another disease, the main recommendations should be taken into account:

• antibiotic therapy should be prescribed exclusively by a doctor;
• the duration of the course is calculated by the attending specialist, you can not violate the regimen;
• If it is necessary to prescribe a longer course or repeat antibiotics, the patient should additionally be given appropriate antifungal therapy as a preventive measure.

If the patient also needs to treat bronchial asthma in the chronic stage, it is necessary to discuss with the attending physician the possibility of using a nebulizer.