What are the common symptoms of an infected cyst on the neck. How are epidermoid cysts diagnosed and treated. What causes these cysts to form and become infected. When should you seek medical attention for a neck cyst.

What Are Epidermoid Cysts and How Do They Form?

Epidermoid cysts are small, slow-growing, benign sacs that develop beneath the skin’s surface. They commonly appear on the face, head, neck, back, or genital areas. These cysts form when epidermal cells, which normally migrate to the skin’s surface and shed, move deeper into the skin and multiply. As these cells produce keratin, a protein found in skin, hair, and nails, it accumulates within the cyst, causing it to grow gradually over time.

The exact cause of epidermoid cysts isn’t always clear, but several factors may contribute to their formation:

• Genetic predisposition
• Skin trauma or injury
• Blocked hair follicles or pores
• Hormonal changes
• Certain skin conditions, such as acne

Are epidermoid cysts dangerous? In most cases, these cysts are harmless and don’t require treatment. However, they can become problematic if they grow large, rupture, or become infected.

Recognizing the Symptoms of an Infected Epidermoid Cyst

While an uninfected epidermoid cyst may not cause any discomfort, an infected cyst can present various symptoms that shouldn’t be ignored. Understanding these signs can help you seek timely medical attention and prevent potential complications.

Common Symptoms of an Infected Epidermoid Cyst:

• Redness and swelling around the cyst
• Increased warmth in the affected area
• Pain or tenderness when touched
• Pus or fluid drainage from the cyst
• Foul odor emanating from the cyst
• Fever or general feeling of unwellness

Can an infected cyst resolve on its own? While some minor infections may clear up without intervention, it’s generally advisable to seek medical attention for an infected cyst, especially if it’s located on the neck or face.

Diagnosing and Treating Infected Epidermoid Cysts

When you suspect an infected epidermoid cyst, consulting a healthcare professional is crucial for proper diagnosis and treatment. The diagnostic process typically involves a physical examination and may include additional tests to rule out other conditions.

Diagnostic Methods:

1. Visual inspection and palpation of the cyst
2. Medical history review
3. Ultrasound or CT scan (in some cases)
4. Biopsy (rarely necessary)

Once diagnosed, the treatment approach for an infected epidermoid cyst may vary depending on the severity of the infection and the cyst’s location. Common treatment options include:

• Oral antibiotics to fight the infection
• Warm compresses to promote drainage
• Incision and drainage of the cyst
• Corticosteroid injections to reduce inflammation
• Surgical excision of the entire cyst (for recurrent or problematic cysts)

Is it safe to drain an infected cyst at home? Attempting to drain or pop an infected cyst at home can lead to further infection, scarring, and spread of bacteria. It’s always best to have a medical professional perform any drainage procedures.

Preventing Complications from Infected Neck Cysts

While it’s not always possible to prevent epidermoid cysts from forming, there are steps you can take to reduce the risk of infection and complications, especially for cysts located on the neck.

Prevention Tips:

• Maintain good hygiene practices
• Avoid picking or squeezing existing cysts
• Protect the area from friction and irritation
• Seek early treatment for any signs of infection
• Follow your doctor’s aftercare instructions if a cyst is drained or removed

Can lifestyle changes prevent epidermoid cysts? While lifestyle changes may not prevent all cysts, maintaining a healthy diet, managing stress, and avoiding skin irritants may help reduce the likelihood of cyst formation in some individuals.

Understanding the Differences Between Epidermoid and Other Types of Cysts

Epidermoid cysts are just one of many types of cysts that can develop on or within the body. Understanding the differences between these various cyst types can help in identifying and addressing potential health concerns more effectively.

Common Types of Cysts:

• Sebaceous cysts: Form in sebaceous glands, often due to blocked ducts
• Pilonidal cysts: Develop near the tailbone, often due to ingrown hair
• Ganglion cysts: Fluid-filled lumps that form near joints or tendons
• Breast cysts: Fluid-filled sacs within breast tissue
• Ovarian cysts: Fluid-filled sacs that develop on or within the ovaries

How can you differentiate between an epidermoid cyst and other types? While a definitive diagnosis often requires medical evaluation, epidermoid cysts typically have a small, visible hole on the skin’s surface (called a punctum) and contain a thick, cheese-like substance when drained.

When to Seek Medical Attention for a Neck Cyst

While many cysts are harmless and may not require immediate medical attention, certain signs and symptoms should prompt you to consult a healthcare professional, especially for cysts located on the neck.

Signs That Warrant Medical Evaluation:

• Rapid growth or change in size
• Persistent pain or discomfort
• Signs of infection (redness, warmth, swelling)
• Interference with daily activities or mobility
• Cosmetic concerns or visible disfigurement
• Recurrence after previous treatment

Should all neck cysts be evaluated by a doctor? While not all cysts require immediate medical attention, it’s generally advisable to have any persistent or concerning lumps on the neck examined by a healthcare professional to rule out more serious conditions.

Long-term Management and Monitoring of Epidermoid Cysts

For individuals prone to developing epidermoid cysts or those who have had cysts removed in the past, long-term management and monitoring are essential to prevent recurrence and catch any potential issues early.

Long-term Management Strategies:

1. Regular self-examinations to monitor for new cysts or changes in existing ones
2. Follow-up appointments with your healthcare provider as recommended
3. Maintaining a detailed health record, including dates of cyst appearances, treatments, and outcomes
4. Adopting preventive measures to reduce the risk of new cyst formation
5. Discussing any concerns or changes with your healthcare provider promptly

Can epidermoid cysts recur after removal? While complete surgical excision of an epidermoid cyst, including its sac, typically prevents recurrence, there’s always a small chance of new cysts forming in the same or nearby areas.

Exploring Alternative and Complementary Treatments for Cyst Management

While conventional medical treatments are the primary approach for managing infected epidermoid cysts, some individuals may be interested in exploring alternative or complementary therapies to support healing and prevent recurrence.

Alternative and Complementary Approaches:

• Tea tree oil applications for its antimicrobial properties
• Aloe vera gel to soothe inflammation
• Apple cider vinegar as a potential natural antiseptic
• Castor oil packs to promote drainage
• Turmeric supplements for their anti-inflammatory effects

Are alternative treatments effective for managing epidermoid cysts? While some individuals report benefits from alternative approaches, it’s important to note that scientific evidence supporting these methods is limited. Always consult with a healthcare professional before trying any alternative treatments, especially for infected cysts.

In conclusion, understanding the nature of epidermoid cysts, particularly when they become infected, is crucial for proper management and prevention of complications. By recognizing the symptoms, seeking timely medical attention, and following appropriate treatment plans, individuals can effectively address these common skin conditions. Remember that while most epidermoid cysts are benign, proper care and monitoring are essential to ensure overall skin health and well-being.

Pictures, Causes, Types, Treatments, and Prevention

A cyst is a small pocket of tissue filled with air, fluid or other substances. Cyst maybe caused by genetics, inflammation, infection or other issues. They are usually benign but may need treatment if complications arise.

A cyst is a sac-like pocket of membranous tissue that contains fluid, air, or other substances. Cysts can grow almost anywhere in your body or under your skin.

There are many types of cysts. Most cysts are benign, or noncancerous.

Whether a cyst needs treatment depends on a number of factors, including:

• the type of cyst
• the location of the cyst
• if the cyst is causing pain or discomfort
• whether the cyst is inflamed or infected

If you’re not sure if you have a skin condition, you can take a picture and send it to an online dermatologist.

Cysts can vary in appearance depending on their type and location. Here are 11 types of cysts.

Warning: Graphic images ahead.

Epidermoid cyst

• An epidermoid cyst is a small, slow growing, benign cyst most commonly found on the face, head, neck, back, or genitals.
• It’s usually caused by a buildup of keratin under the skin.
• It looks like a skin-colored, tan, or yellowish bump filled with thick material.
• It may become swollen, red, or painful if it’s inflamed or infected.

Read more about epidermoid cysts.

Sebaceous cyst

Share on PinterestPhotography courtesy of Klaus D. Peter, Wiehl, Germany/Wikimedia Commons

• A sebaceous cyst is found on the face, neck, or torso.
• It’s usually caused by trauma or damage to the sebaceous glands, such as from cuts or surgical wounds.
• A large cyst may cause pressure and pain.
• It’s noncancerous and very slow growing.

Read more about sebaceous cysts.

Breast cyst

Share on PinterestPhotography courtesy of Nevit Dilmen/Wikimedia Commons

• Most breast lumps (such as cysts) are noncancerous, but there are many possible causes for a lump in your breast.
• Instead of performing a breast self-exam, it’s important to be familiar with how your breasts typically feel so you’re aware of changes. This way, you’re more likely to notice changes right away.
• You should make an appointment to see a healthcare professional if:
  • you discover a new lump
  • an area of your breast is noticeably different than the rest
  • a lump changes or grows larger
  • you notice unexpected discharge from the nipple
  • you have an inverted nipple, and it wasn’t always inverted

Read more about breast lumps.

Ganglion cyst

• A ganglion cyst is a round, gel-filled lump of tissue that usually appears along tendons or joints, especially in the hands, wrists, ankles, and feet.
• Fluid accumulation can occur due to injury, trauma, or overuse, but often the cause is unknown.
• A ganglion cyst is common, harmless, and doesn’t cause pain or problems unless it grows and puts pressure on other structures.

Read more about ganglion cysts.

Pilonidal cyst

• A pilonidal cyst is a common skin condition that forms in the cleft at the top of the buttocks. It typically occurs after puberty.
• It’s believed to be caused by a combination of changing hormones, hair growth, and friction from clothes or from spending a long time sitting.
• It consists of a small hole or tunnel in the skin that may become infected and fill with fluid or pus.
• Signs of an infection include:
  • pain when sitting or standing
  • red or sore skin around the area
  • pus or blood draining from the abscess, causing a foul odor
  • swelling of the cyst
  • hair protruding from the lesion

Read more about pilonidal cysts.

Ovarian cyst

• Ovarian cysts are fluid-filled sacs that develop on one or both of the ovaries.
• They may develop as a normal part of the reproductive cycle or be pathologic.
• They may be asymptomatic or painful.
• Symptoms include:
  • abdominal bloating or swelling
  • painful bowel movements
  • pelvic pain before or during the menstrual cycle
  • painful intercourse
  • pain in the lower back or thighs
  • breast tenderness
  • nausea
  • vomiting
• Severe symptoms such as sudden, sharp pelvic pain, fever, faintness, or dizziness are signs of cyst rupture or ovarian torsion.

Read more about ovarian cysts.

Baker’s (popliteal) cyst

• A Baker’s cyst is a fluid-filled swelling that causes a lump at the back of the knee.
• This condition is due to a problem that affects the knee joint, such as arthritis, inflammation from repetitive stress, or a cartilage injury.
• Symptoms include:
  • mild to severe pain
  • tightness
  • limited range of motion
  • swelling behind the knee
  • bruising on the knee and calf
  • rupturing of the cyst
• A Baker’s cyst often doesn’t need treatment and will go away on its own.

Read more about Baker’s cysts.

Pilar cyst

• A pilar cyst is a noncancerous, skin-colored, round bump that develops under the surface of the skin. It’s usually located on the scalp.
• This type of cyst is caused by protein buildup in a hair follicle.
• It’s painless, firm, smooth, and slow growing.

Read more about pilar cysts.

Mucous cyst

• A mucous cyst is a fluid-filled swelling that occurs on the lip or the mouth.
• It develops when the mouth’s salivary glands become plugged with mucus.
• It’s commonly caused by trauma to the oral cavity, such as lip biting, piercings, and salivary gland disruption.
• Mucous cysts are small, soft nodules that are pinkish or bluish.

Read more about mucous cysts.

Branchial cleft cyst

Photography by BigBill58/Wikimedia Commons

• A branchial cleft cyst is a type of developmental irregularity in which a lump develops on one or both sides of the neck or below the collarbone.
• It occurs during embryonic development when tissues in the neck and collarbone, or branchial cleft, develop differently.
• In most cases, a branchial cleft cyst isn’t dangerous. However, it may cause skin irritation, skin infection, or — in very rare adult cases — cancer.
• Symptoms in children include:
  • a dimple, lump, or skin tag on the neck, upper shoulder, or slightly below the collarbone
  • fluid draining from the neck
• Children and adults may experience swelling or tenderness that usually occurs with an upper respiratory infection.

Read more about branchial cleft cysts.

Perineural (Tarlov) cyst

• A perineural cyst is a fluid-filled sac that forms on the spine.
• Causes are unknown, but it may result from back trauma. Types of trauma associated with this cyst include falls, injuries, and heavy exertion.
• Symptoms are rare. In these cases, it may cause pain in the lower back, buttocks, or legs.

Read more about perineural cysts.

A pseudocyst shares some of the characteristics of a cyst, but the bump doesn’t have its own lining. Here are three types of pseudocysts.

Folliculitis (ingrown hair cyst)

• Folliculitis describes a category of skin conditions that cause inflammation in a hair follicle and are usually infectious.
• Ingrown hair cysts are a type of folliculitis. They start off as hairs that grow down or sideways instead of out, becoming ingrown.
• Folliculitis is common among people who shave, wax, or use other methods to remove hair.
• Folliculitis appears as pimple-like bumps under the skin that may be red, white, or yellow, with or without a central visible hair.
• Bumps that appear near an ingrown hair are more likely to be pseudofolliculitis barbae (razor bumps) than ingrown hair cysts.
• Ingrown hair cysts may become infected and appear red, warm, and tender to the touch.

Read more about ingrown hair cysts.

Chalazion

• A chalazion is a small, usually painless lump or swelling on your upper or lower eyelid.
• It’s caused by a blocked meibomian gland. The meibomian gland is a type of oil gland.
• It may be red, swollen, and painful if an infection is present.

Read more about chalazia.

Cystic acne

• Cystic acne is the most severe type of acne, and it develops when bumps form deep underneath your skin.
• It can result from a combination of hormone changes, bacteria, oil, and dry skin cells that get trapped in your pores.
• Cystic acne may occur on the face, chest, neck, back, and arms. Large, painful, pus-filled bumps and nodules may form, rupture, and leave scars. They may appear red or skin-colored, depending on your skin tone.

Read more about cystic acne.

A cyst can appear as a bump on your skin. It may also feel like a small lump if it’s growing just under your skin.

Some cysts grow deep inside your body where you can’t feel them. However, they may cause or be related to other symptoms.

For example, ovarian cysts, such as those that result from polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), may cause problems with ovarian and reproductive function. Polycystic kidney disease (PKD), which causes cysts to form in the kidney, can adversely affect kidney function.

Cysts usually grow slowly and have a smooth surface. They can be tiny or very large.

Most cysts aren’t painful. They usually don’t cause problems unless they’re:

• infected
• very large
• impinging on a nerve or blood vessel
• growing in a sensitive area
• affecting the function of an organ

Cysts and pseudocysts form for different reasons. They can be caused by:

• infections
• inherited diseases
• genetics
• chronic inflammation
• blockages in ducts

The exact cause depends on the type of cyst or pseudocyst.

There are hundreds of different types of cysts and pseudocysts. They can grow almost anywhere in your body.

Some cysts occur as part of another condition, such as PCOS or PKD. Some of the more common types of cysts and pseudocysts include the following:

Epidermoid cyst

These are small, benign bumps filled with the protein keratin. If you have trauma around a hair follicle within the skin, an epidermoid cyst may occur.

If part of the top layer of your skin, called the epidermis, grows deeper instead of moving outward toward the surface to eventually be shed off, an epidermoid cyst will have a chance to form.

In rare cases, epidermoid cysts can be caused by an inherited condition called Gardner’s syndrome.

Sebaceous cyst

Sebaceous cysts fill with sebum and are less common than epidermoid cysts. They often form within sebaceous glands, which are part of the skin and hair follicles.

Sebaceous glands make oil for your skin and hair. Ruptured or blocked sebaceous glands can lead to sebaceous cysts.

Breast cyst

Benign cysts can develop in your breasts when fluid collects near your breast glands. They can cause pain or tenderness in the affected area.

They commonly occur in female breast tissue in those in their 30s and 40s.

Ganglion cyst

These benign cysts usually form near the joint areas of your wrist or hand. However, they can also develop in your feet or ankle areas. The reason they form isn’t known.

Ganglion cysts tend to occur along a tendon sheath near a joint. They’re more common in women than in men.

Pilonidal cyst

Pilonidal cysts form near the top part of the buttocks. They’re usually filled with skin debris, body oils, hair, and other matter.

They occur more often in men than in women. They can develop when loose hairs become embedded in your skin.

Chronic infections in these cysts might increase your risk of a type of skin cancer called squamous cell carcinoma. If you have these chronic infections, learn the symptoms of skin cancer so it can be treated early.

Ovarian cyst

Ovarian cysts often form when the follicle that normally releases an egg doesn’t open. This causes fluid to build up and form a cyst.

Another common type of ovarian cyst occurs after the follicle releases the egg and improperly recloses and collects fluid.

Ovarian cysts occur most often in those of menstrual age. They’re usually found during pelvic exams.

Ovarian cysts are associated with an increased risk of cancer when they occur after menopause.

Baker’s (popliteal) cyst

A Baker’s cyst, also known as a popliteal cyst, is a fluid-filled cyst that forms at the back of the knee.

These cysts are usually caused by problems with the knee, such as injury or arthritis. Mobility can be limited and painful with a Baker’s cyst.

Physical therapy, fluid draining, and medication can all be used to help treat a Baker’s cyst.

Pilar cyst

Pilar cysts are skin-colored, benign lumps that form on the skin’s surface. They’re not cancerous, but they can grow to a size that can be uncomfortable.

Removal is typically not necessary, but they can be removed for cosmetic purposes.

Mucous cyst

A mucous cyst is a fluid-filled lump that forms on the lip or around the mouth when the salivary glands become plugged with mucus. The most common causes of mucous cysts include:

• lip or cheek biting
• lip piercings
• rupture of the salivary gland
• improper dental hygiene

Mucous cysts will often go away on their own. However, if you have recurring or frequent mucous cysts, you may need medical treatment.

Branchial cleft cyst

Branchial cleft cysts are a type of developmental irregularity that causes a lump on an infant’s neck or below the collarbone. This cyst can look like a large skin tag.

Healthcare professionals usually recommend surgical removal to prevent future infection.

Perineural (Tarlov) cyst

A perineural cyst is a fluid-filled sac that forms on the spine.

Most people won’t have symptoms, so they won’t need treatment. If you do have symptoms, draining the fluid can help to relieve them.

Chalazion

Chalazia are benign pseudocysts that occur on your eyelids when the duct of the meibomian gland, an oil gland, is blocked.

These pseudocysts can cause tenderness, blurred vision, and painful swelling. If they get too big, they can cause vision problems.

Cystic acne

Cystic acne results from a combination of bacteria, oil, and dead skin clogging the pores. It’s the most severe type of acne, but it usually improves with age.

Cystic acne can look like large, pus-filled boils on the skin. It can also be painful to the touch.

If you believe you may have cystic acne, your dermatologist can prescribe medications to help treat it.

Folliculitis (ingrown hair cyst)

Folliculitis is an inflammatory and usually infectious condition. It can form when a hair grows into the skin and a pseudocyst forms near it.

These pseudocysts are often seen in people who use hair removal methods like shaving or waxing. Ingrown hair cysts are an example of folliculitis.

While ingrown hair cysts are possible, if you have bumps that appear near ingrown hairs, there’s a good chance that they’re actually razor bumps instead.

Razor bumps are also known as pseudofolliculitis barbae, which is a type of pseudofolliculitis. Unlike folliculitis, pseudofolliculitis isn’t usually infectious.

Most of the time, medical care isn’t needed to treat folliculitis or razor bumps. However, see a healthcare professional if you suspect the ingrown hair cyst or razor bump is infected.

Schedule an appointment with a healthcare professional if your cyst becomes very painful or inflamed. This could be a sign of a rupture or an infection.

They should check your cyst even if it isn’t causing any pain or other problems. Differences in these growths can be a symptom of cancer. A healthcare professional may want to remove a tissue sample for testing.

You should never try to squeeze or pop a cyst or pseudocyst yourself. This can lead to infection.

In some cases, they improve on their own. Putting a warm compress on a cyst can speed up the healing process by helping it drain.

In other cases, medical care is required.

Medical care

Common methods of medical treatment for cysts include a healthcare professional:

• using a needle to drain fluids and other matter from the cyst
• giving you medications, such as a corticosteroid injection, to reduce inflammation in the cyst
• performing surgical removal of the cyst, which may be done if draining doesn’t work or if you have an internal cyst that’s hard to reach and requires treatment

If you’re concerned about your cyst and don’t have an established relationship with a healthcare professional, you can view doctors in your area through the Healthline FindCare tool.

Benign cysts and pseudocysts usually don’t cause long-term problems. Sometimes they even go away on their own.

Cysts can refill after being drained. If you have a cyst that continues to refill, you may want to consider having it surgically removed.

If you have cancerous cysts, your healthcare professional will discuss treatment with you. The outlook will vary depending on the type of cancer involved.

Most types of cysts and pseudocysts can’t be prevented. However, there are a few exceptions.

Those prone to ovarian cysts may be able to prevent new cysts from forming by using hormonal contraceptives.

You can prevent pilonidal cysts from forming by keeping the skin in the affected area clean and dry. Getting up every so often instead of sitting for a long time can also help prevent these cysts.

Cleaning your eyelid near the eyelash line with a gentle cleanser can help keep the oil ducts from becoming blocked. This may help prevent chalazia.

Read this article in Spanish.

Pictures, Causes, Types, Treatments, and Prevention

A cyst is a small pocket of tissue filled with air, fluid or other substances. Cyst maybe caused by genetics, inflammation, infection or other issues. They are usually benign but may need treatment if complications arise.

A cyst is a sac-like pocket of membranous tissue that contains fluid, air, or other substances. Cysts can grow almost anywhere in your body or under your skin.

There are many types of cysts. Most cysts are benign, or noncancerous.

Whether a cyst needs treatment depends on a number of factors, including:

• the type of cyst
• the location of the cyst
• if the cyst is causing pain or discomfort
• whether the cyst is inflamed or infected

If you’re not sure if you have a skin condition, you can take a picture and send it to an online dermatologist.

Cysts can vary in appearance depending on their type and location. Here are 11 types of cysts.

Warning: Graphic images ahead.

Epidermoid cyst

• An epidermoid cyst is a small, slow growing, benign cyst most commonly found on the face, head, neck, back, or genitals.
• It’s usually caused by a buildup of keratin under the skin.
• It looks like a skin-colored, tan, or yellowish bump filled with thick material.
• It may become swollen, red, or painful if it’s inflamed or infected.

Read more about epidermoid cysts.

Sebaceous cyst

Share on PinterestPhotography courtesy of Klaus D. Peter, Wiehl, Germany/Wikimedia Commons

• A sebaceous cyst is found on the face, neck, or torso.
• It’s usually caused by trauma or damage to the sebaceous glands, such as from cuts or surgical wounds.
• A large cyst may cause pressure and pain.
• It’s noncancerous and very slow growing.

Read more about sebaceous cysts.

Breast cyst

Share on PinterestPhotography courtesy of Nevit Dilmen/Wikimedia Commons

• Most breast lumps (such as cysts) are noncancerous, but there are many possible causes for a lump in your breast.
• Instead of performing a breast self-exam, it’s important to be familiar with how your breasts typically feel so you’re aware of changes. This way, you’re more likely to notice changes right away.
• You should make an appointment to see a healthcare professional if:
  • you discover a new lump
  • an area of your breast is noticeably different than the rest
  • a lump changes or grows larger
  • you notice unexpected discharge from the nipple
  • you have an inverted nipple, and it wasn’t always inverted

Read more about breast lumps.

Ganglion cyst

• A ganglion cyst is a round, gel-filled lump of tissue that usually appears along tendons or joints, especially in the hands, wrists, ankles, and feet.
• Fluid accumulation can occur due to injury, trauma, or overuse, but often the cause is unknown.
• A ganglion cyst is common, harmless, and doesn’t cause pain or problems unless it grows and puts pressure on other structures.

Read more about ganglion cysts.

Pilonidal cyst

• A pilonidal cyst is a common skin condition that forms in the cleft at the top of the buttocks. It typically occurs after puberty.
• It’s believed to be caused by a combination of changing hormones, hair growth, and friction from clothes or from spending a long time sitting.
• It consists of a small hole or tunnel in the skin that may become infected and fill with fluid or pus.
• Signs of an infection include:
  • pain when sitting or standing
  • red or sore skin around the area
  • pus or blood draining from the abscess, causing a foul odor
  • swelling of the cyst
  • hair protruding from the lesion

Read more about pilonidal cysts.

Ovarian cyst

• Ovarian cysts are fluid-filled sacs that develop on one or both of the ovaries.
• They may develop as a normal part of the reproductive cycle or be pathologic.
• They may be asymptomatic or painful.
• Symptoms include:
  • abdominal bloating or swelling
  • painful bowel movements
  • pelvic pain before or during the menstrual cycle
  • painful intercourse
  • pain in the lower back or thighs
  • breast tenderness
  • nausea
  • vomiting
• Severe symptoms such as sudden, sharp pelvic pain, fever, faintness, or dizziness are signs of cyst rupture or ovarian torsion.

Read more about ovarian cysts.

Baker’s (popliteal) cyst

• A Baker’s cyst is a fluid-filled swelling that causes a lump at the back of the knee.
• This condition is due to a problem that affects the knee joint, such as arthritis, inflammation from repetitive stress, or a cartilage injury.
• Symptoms include:
  • mild to severe pain
  • tightness
  • limited range of motion
  • swelling behind the knee
  • bruising on the knee and calf
  • rupturing of the cyst
• A Baker’s cyst often doesn’t need treatment and will go away on its own.

Read more about Baker’s cysts.

Pilar cyst

• A pilar cyst is a noncancerous, skin-colored, round bump that develops under the surface of the skin. It’s usually located on the scalp.
• This type of cyst is caused by protein buildup in a hair follicle.
• It’s painless, firm, smooth, and slow growing.

Read more about pilar cysts.

Mucous cyst

• A mucous cyst is a fluid-filled swelling that occurs on the lip or the mouth.
• It develops when the mouth’s salivary glands become plugged with mucus.
• It’s commonly caused by trauma to the oral cavity, such as lip biting, piercings, and salivary gland disruption.
• Mucous cysts are small, soft nodules that are pinkish or bluish.

Read more about mucous cysts.

Branchial cleft cyst

Photography by BigBill58/Wikimedia Commons

• A branchial cleft cyst is a type of developmental irregularity in which a lump develops on one or both sides of the neck or below the collarbone.
• It occurs during embryonic development when tissues in the neck and collarbone, or branchial cleft, develop differently.
• In most cases, a branchial cleft cyst isn’t dangerous. However, it may cause skin irritation, skin infection, or — in very rare adult cases — cancer.
• Symptoms in children include:
  • a dimple, lump, or skin tag on the neck, upper shoulder, or slightly below the collarbone
  • fluid draining from the neck
• Children and adults may experience swelling or tenderness that usually occurs with an upper respiratory infection.

Read more about branchial cleft cysts.

Perineural (Tarlov) cyst

• A perineural cyst is a fluid-filled sac that forms on the spine.
• Causes are unknown, but it may result from back trauma. Types of trauma associated with this cyst include falls, injuries, and heavy exertion.
• Symptoms are rare. In these cases, it may cause pain in the lower back, buttocks, or legs.

Read more about perineural cysts.

A pseudocyst shares some of the characteristics of a cyst, but the bump doesn’t have its own lining. Here are three types of pseudocysts.

Folliculitis (ingrown hair cyst)

• Folliculitis describes a category of skin conditions that cause inflammation in a hair follicle and are usually infectious.
• Ingrown hair cysts are a type of folliculitis. They start off as hairs that grow down or sideways instead of out, becoming ingrown.
• Folliculitis is common among people who shave, wax, or use other methods to remove hair.
• Folliculitis appears as pimple-like bumps under the skin that may be red, white, or yellow, with or without a central visible hair.
• Bumps that appear near an ingrown hair are more likely to be pseudofolliculitis barbae (razor bumps) than ingrown hair cysts.
• Ingrown hair cysts may become infected and appear red, warm, and tender to the touch.

Read more about ingrown hair cysts.

Chalazion

• A chalazion is a small, usually painless lump or swelling on your upper or lower eyelid.
• It’s caused by a blocked meibomian gland. The meibomian gland is a type of oil gland.
• It may be red, swollen, and painful if an infection is present.

Read more about chalazia.

Cystic acne

• Cystic acne is the most severe type of acne, and it develops when bumps form deep underneath your skin.
• It can result from a combination of hormone changes, bacteria, oil, and dry skin cells that get trapped in your pores.
• Cystic acne may occur on the face, chest, neck, back, and arms. Large, painful, pus-filled bumps and nodules may form, rupture, and leave scars. They may appear red or skin-colored, depending on your skin tone.

Read more about cystic acne.

A cyst can appear as a bump on your skin. It may also feel like a small lump if it’s growing just under your skin.

Some cysts grow deep inside your body where you can’t feel them. However, they may cause or be related to other symptoms.

For example, ovarian cysts, such as those that result from polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), may cause problems with ovarian and reproductive function. Polycystic kidney disease (PKD), which causes cysts to form in the kidney, can adversely affect kidney function.

Cysts usually grow slowly and have a smooth surface. They can be tiny or very large.

Most cysts aren’t painful. They usually don’t cause problems unless they’re:

• infected
• very large
• impinging on a nerve or blood vessel
• growing in a sensitive area
• affecting the function of an organ

Cysts and pseudocysts form for different reasons. They can be caused by:

• infections
• inherited diseases
• genetics
• chronic inflammation
• blockages in ducts

The exact cause depends on the type of cyst or pseudocyst.

There are hundreds of different types of cysts and pseudocysts. They can grow almost anywhere in your body.

Some cysts occur as part of another condition, such as PCOS or PKD. Some of the more common types of cysts and pseudocysts include the following:

Epidermoid cyst

These are small, benign bumps filled with the protein keratin. If you have trauma around a hair follicle within the skin, an epidermoid cyst may occur.

If part of the top layer of your skin, called the epidermis, grows deeper instead of moving outward toward the surface to eventually be shed off, an epidermoid cyst will have a chance to form.

In rare cases, epidermoid cysts can be caused by an inherited condition called Gardner’s syndrome.

Sebaceous cyst

Sebaceous cysts fill with sebum and are less common than epidermoid cysts. They often form within sebaceous glands, which are part of the skin and hair follicles.

Sebaceous glands make oil for your skin and hair. Ruptured or blocked sebaceous glands can lead to sebaceous cysts.

Breast cyst

Benign cysts can develop in your breasts when fluid collects near your breast glands. They can cause pain or tenderness in the affected area.

They commonly occur in female breast tissue in those in their 30s and 40s.

Ganglion cyst

These benign cysts usually form near the joint areas of your wrist or hand. However, they can also develop in your feet or ankle areas. The reason they form isn’t known.

Ganglion cysts tend to occur along a tendon sheath near a joint. They’re more common in women than in men.

Pilonidal cyst

Pilonidal cysts form near the top part of the buttocks. They’re usually filled with skin debris, body oils, hair, and other matter.

They occur more often in men than in women. They can develop when loose hairs become embedded in your skin.

Chronic infections in these cysts might increase your risk of a type of skin cancer called squamous cell carcinoma. If you have these chronic infections, learn the symptoms of skin cancer so it can be treated early.

Ovarian cyst

Ovarian cysts often form when the follicle that normally releases an egg doesn’t open. This causes fluid to build up and form a cyst.

Another common type of ovarian cyst occurs after the follicle releases the egg and improperly recloses and collects fluid.

Ovarian cysts occur most often in those of menstrual age. They’re usually found during pelvic exams.

Ovarian cysts are associated with an increased risk of cancer when they occur after menopause.

Baker’s (popliteal) cyst

A Baker’s cyst, also known as a popliteal cyst, is a fluid-filled cyst that forms at the back of the knee.

These cysts are usually caused by problems with the knee, such as injury or arthritis. Mobility can be limited and painful with a Baker’s cyst.

Physical therapy, fluid draining, and medication can all be used to help treat a Baker’s cyst.

Pilar cyst

Pilar cysts are skin-colored, benign lumps that form on the skin’s surface. They’re not cancerous, but they can grow to a size that can be uncomfortable.

Removal is typically not necessary, but they can be removed for cosmetic purposes.

Mucous cyst

A mucous cyst is a fluid-filled lump that forms on the lip or around the mouth when the salivary glands become plugged with mucus. The most common causes of mucous cysts include:

• lip or cheek biting
• lip piercings
• rupture of the salivary gland
• improper dental hygiene

Mucous cysts will often go away on their own. However, if you have recurring or frequent mucous cysts, you may need medical treatment.

Branchial cleft cyst

Branchial cleft cysts are a type of developmental irregularity that causes a lump on an infant’s neck or below the collarbone. This cyst can look like a large skin tag.

Healthcare professionals usually recommend surgical removal to prevent future infection.

Perineural (Tarlov) cyst

A perineural cyst is a fluid-filled sac that forms on the spine.

Most people won’t have symptoms, so they won’t need treatment. If you do have symptoms, draining the fluid can help to relieve them.

Chalazion

Chalazia are benign pseudocysts that occur on your eyelids when the duct of the meibomian gland, an oil gland, is blocked.

These pseudocysts can cause tenderness, blurred vision, and painful swelling. If they get too big, they can cause vision problems.

Cystic acne

Cystic acne results from a combination of bacteria, oil, and dead skin clogging the pores. It’s the most severe type of acne, but it usually improves with age.

Cystic acne can look like large, pus-filled boils on the skin. It can also be painful to the touch.

If you believe you may have cystic acne, your dermatologist can prescribe medications to help treat it.

Folliculitis (ingrown hair cyst)

Folliculitis is an inflammatory and usually infectious condition. It can form when a hair grows into the skin and a pseudocyst forms near it.

These pseudocysts are often seen in people who use hair removal methods like shaving or waxing. Ingrown hair cysts are an example of folliculitis.

While ingrown hair cysts are possible, if you have bumps that appear near ingrown hairs, there’s a good chance that they’re actually razor bumps instead.

Razor bumps are also known as pseudofolliculitis barbae, which is a type of pseudofolliculitis. Unlike folliculitis, pseudofolliculitis isn’t usually infectious.

Most of the time, medical care isn’t needed to treat folliculitis or razor bumps. However, see a healthcare professional if you suspect the ingrown hair cyst or razor bump is infected.

Schedule an appointment with a healthcare professional if your cyst becomes very painful or inflamed. This could be a sign of a rupture or an infection.

They should check your cyst even if it isn’t causing any pain or other problems. Differences in these growths can be a symptom of cancer. A healthcare professional may want to remove a tissue sample for testing.

You should never try to squeeze or pop a cyst or pseudocyst yourself. This can lead to infection.

In some cases, they improve on their own. Putting a warm compress on a cyst can speed up the healing process by helping it drain.

In other cases, medical care is required.

Medical care

Common methods of medical treatment for cysts include a healthcare professional:

• using a needle to drain fluids and other matter from the cyst
• giving you medications, such as a corticosteroid injection, to reduce inflammation in the cyst
• performing surgical removal of the cyst, which may be done if draining doesn’t work or if you have an internal cyst that’s hard to reach and requires treatment

If you’re concerned about your cyst and don’t have an established relationship with a healthcare professional, you can view doctors in your area through the Healthline FindCare tool.

Benign cysts and pseudocysts usually don’t cause long-term problems. Sometimes they even go away on their own.

Cysts can refill after being drained. If you have a cyst that continues to refill, you may want to consider having it surgically removed.

If you have cancerous cysts, your healthcare professional will discuss treatment with you. The outlook will vary depending on the type of cancer involved.

Most types of cysts and pseudocysts can’t be prevented. However, there are a few exceptions.

Those prone to ovarian cysts may be able to prevent new cysts from forming by using hormonal contraceptives.

You can prevent pilonidal cysts from forming by keeping the skin in the affected area clean and dry. Getting up every so often instead of sitting for a long time can also help prevent these cysts.

Cleaning your eyelid near the eyelash line with a gentle cleanser can help keep the oil ducts from becoming blocked. This may help prevent chalazia.

Read this article in Spanish.

Nabothian cysts of the cervix. What are Nabothian cysts of the cervix?

IMPORTANT
The information in this section should not be used for self-diagnosis or self-treatment. In case of pain or other exacerbation of the disease, only the attending physician should prescribe diagnostic tests. For diagnosis and proper treatment, you should contact your doctor.

Naboth cysts of the cervix are benign formations that form when the lumen of the cervix glands is blocked and mucous secretions accumulate in them. Pathology may be preceded by pseudo-erosion. Clinical manifestations are usually absent. The contents of the cysts sometimes become a breeding ground for microorganisms, which leads to the addition of inflammation, accompanied by symptoms of cervicitis. Diagnosis is based on data from a gynecological examination, colposcopy, biopsy and pelvic ultrasound. Treatment is carried out by methods of destruction, with infected cysts, antibiotic therapy is indicated.

ICD-10

N88.8 Other specified non-inflammatory diseases of cervix

• Causes
• Pathogenesis
• Symptoms
• Complications
• Diagnostics
• Treatment of naboth cysts of the cervix
  • Conservative therapy
  • Destructive treatment
• Prognosis and prevention
• Prices for treatment

General

Nabotovy (retention) cysts can occur at any age. In young nulliparous girls, they are often combined with ectropion. In women of fertile age, women who live an active sexual life, against the background of cervicitis and vaginitis, retention cysts of the cervix are often diagnosed. After the onset of menopause, due to a decrease in estrogen levels and the development of atrophic processes in the vagina, multiple small naboth cysts can form, which are combined with leukoplakia, cervical hypoplasia and diffuse or focal atrophy of the cervix.

Nabothian cysts of the cervix

Causes

Nabothian cysts do not occur on a healthy, unchanged cervix. Pathology is preceded by the appearance of a zone of metaplasia, the replacement of the normal stratified epithelium of the vaginal part of the cervix with cylindrical cells characteristic of the cervical canal. If provoking factors persist, Nabothian cysts may recur. The main causes of pathology are:

• Ectopia of the neck. Normally, the junction of the cylindrical and stratified epithelium is located at the external pharynx. The displacement of the border to the exocervix is ​​accompanied by proliferation processes, during which the germination of epithelial cells in the glands causes their blockage and disruption of the outflow of mucus.
• Cervicitis. Inflammation of the cervix leads to edema, a change in the mechanism of epithelial desquamation, and a vascular reaction. The mouths of the glands are narrowed, they can become clogged, which leads to the formation of cysts. Their contents serve as a breeding ground for pathogens and support chronic inflammation.
• Hormonal changes. The imbalance of sex steroids is expressed in the premenopausal period, as well as in various pathologies in the reproductive age. This causes the appearance of a transformation zone on the neck, in which cell restructuring occurs, conditions are created for the formation of naboth cysts.
• Injuries of the cervix. After unsuccessful interventions, cervical ruptures during childbirth, epithelial cells are able to shift from the cervical canal to the vaginal portion of the cervix. Further, proliferation processes are launched, which can cause a violation of the outflow of glandular secretions.

Pathogenesis

Normally, the cervix is ​​covered on the outside with stratified epithelium, and the cervical canal is lined with cylindrical cells. Under the influence of hormonal changes, with inflammation and trauma, the tissue junction zone is shifted from the external pharynx to the surface of the neck, pseudo-erosion is formed. In young women, it may have a physiological origin. In this area, processes of tissue proliferation occur, aimed at eliminating the defect.

In the cylindrical epithelium there are multiple passages of glands that synthesize a mucous secret. The ectopia zone is unstable, the restoration of the normal epithelial cover starts in it. If epidermization occurs due to the growth of stratified epithelium on the surface of the ectopia, then it blocks the ducts of the glands. The secretions accumulate inside, leading to cystic expansion and the formation of naboth cysts.

Around the cysts, perifocal inflammation occurs, the vessels expand and proliferate. The formation of metaplastic epithelium is stimulated, which does not belong to pathologically altered tissues, but in the presence of the human papillomavirus increases the risk of developing dysplasia and cancer. This area of ​​tissue near the naboth cysts is vulnerable to any infections. Causative agents of chlamydia, gonorrhea and other diseases can penetrate into the cystic cavities themselves.

Symptoms

Nabothian cysts of the cervix in most women are asymptomatic and become an accidental finding when visiting a gynecologist. Neoplasms of the minimum size are not felt, do not affect sexual life or the ability to conceive. Large cysts can deform the cervix. In this case, pulling pains in the lower abdomen, above the bosom, pain during intercourse may disturb.

Pathological leucorrhoea, mucous or purulent discharge appear when naboth cysts are combined with cervicitis or vaginitis. With a nonspecific infection, the color of the discharge ranges from yellow-green to gray. Sometimes they are plentiful or moderate in number, cause itching, burning and irritation of the vaginal vestibule. There is a possibility of infection spreading upward into the uterus and appendages.

Complications

Retention cysts rarely lead to severe complications, but when infected, they become a focus that supports chronic inflammation. Often complicated by chlamydia, with the penetration of chlamydia, the cyst becomes a reservoir for the preservation of the microorganism. Women who have been treated for genital infections, against the background of self-opening of the cyst, may face reinfection, which will require a new course of treatment.

Diagnostics

For the diagnosis of naboot formations, the patient should contact an obstetrician-gynecologist. Often, cystic nodules look like a preinvasive form of cervical cancer, in such cases, an examination by an oncologist is required. When combined with gonorrhea and other sexually transmitted diseases, a consultation with a venereologist is prescribed. The following diagnostic methods are used:

• Gynecological examination. When examined in the mirrors, the doctor may notice single or multiple whitish or pale pink nodules on the cervical mucosa closer to the internal pharynx. With inflammation, the tissue around the cysts is hyperemic, discharge appears from the neck.
• Vaginal smear. Helps to determine the inflammatory process, the composition of the microflora. In the presence of a large number of leukocytes, the predominance of coccal flora, anti-inflammatory treatment is indicated.
• RAP test. A smear for oncocytology reflects the state of the cells in the area of ​​​​ectopia. Normally, epithelial cells of normal structure, regular shape should be determined. The change in the nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio, the appearance of atypical cells and other signs of dysplasia are alarming.
• Colposcopy. On examination, it is possible to identify nabothian cysts of minimal size. Extended colposcopy indicates a displacement of the epithelium junction zone to the vaginal part of the cervix. In infectious processes, there are characteristic changes in the vascular pattern, a decrease in the amount of glycogen.
• Biopsy. It is indicated for suspected cervical dysplasia, which may accompany pseudo-erosion and cystic formations. It is carried out during an extended colposcopy, for histological examination, samples are taken from suspicious areas.
• Gynecological ultrasound. Necessary stage of diagnostics when a woman complains of pain over the womb, dyspareunia. Preference is given to vaginal examination, which allows you to most accurately study the standing of the internal genital organs.

Treatment of cysts of the cervix

The need to treat cysts on the cervix causes controversy among gynecologists. Many experts argue that with single formations of a minimum size, treatment is not indicated, regular monitoring and prevention of inflammatory processes are necessary. According to another opinion, nabot cysts are a provoking factor for the development of infectious diseases, serve as a nutrient medium and a reservoir for pathogenic bacteria, and therefore require removal.

Conservative therapy

Treatment is carried out on an outpatient basis under the supervision of a antenatal clinic doctor. With confirmed inflammation of the cervix, drugs are used to fight the infection. Preference is given to local remedies, according to indications, systemic drugs can be used. The main directions of drug therapy:

• Antiseptics. For the treatment of the vagina, candles with antiseptics are shown. Effective chlorhexidine, iodine preparations (in the absence of allergies) in the form of vaginal suppositories. The duration of the course of treatment depends on the severity of the symptoms.
• Antibiotics. Antibacterial drugs in the form of combined suppositories help with nonspecific cervicitis in combination with retention cysts. Systemic antibiotics are prescribed for specific infections – chlamydia, gonorrhea, trichomoniasis.
• Lactobacillus. They are recommended after a course of antibiotic therapy for the formations of the natural glands to restore the composition of the normal microflora of the vagina. Some drugs contain estrogens, which improves the process of bacterial colonization of the mucous membrane.

Destructive treatment

Destruction of the capsule of the naboth cyst makes it possible to remove its contents, then the substrate for its formation is removed – the zone of the displaced epithelium. Destruction methods are selected individually, determined by the age of the woman and her reproductive plans. For young and nulliparous, sparing methods are recommended that do not cause scarring of the cervix. Treatment is carried out in the following ways:

• Chemical cauterization. Enzyme preparations are used that provoke chemical damage to the surface layer of cervical tissues, destroy cystic cavities and pseudo-erosion. In the remote period, the scar does not form, but there is a risk of recurrence.
• Cryodestruction. After the puncture of the naboth cyst, its bed is affected by a round tip filled with liquid nitrogen. A cold burn occurs, which gradually heals with the formation of healthy tissues.
• Radio wave method. The apparatus “Surgitron” is used. The opened Nabothian cyst is treated with radio waves, which coagulate the vessels and the bed. The method is highly effective, does not lead to the development of complications, and can be used in women of any age.
• Laser coagulation. Cauterization of naboth cysts and the eroded surface of the cervix is ​​painless. Healthy tissues are not damaged, the instrument does not come into contact with the surface of the cervix, so there is no risk of infection and subsequent complications. The recovery period is short, scarring does not occur.
• Electrocoagulation. A rather traumatic manipulation, which is used in women who do not plan to have children. The cyst is opened, its cavity and altered tissues of the neck are cauterized with an electrocoagulator. During healing, there is a risk of scarring, stricture of the cervical canal.
• Conization of the cervix. The procedure is used to treat a cervical cyst of the cervix only when it is combined with grade 2-3 dysplasia. The method consists in removing the cervical fragment in the form of a cone, directed by the apex to the uterine cavity. The procedure is performed in an operating room under general anesthesia.

Prognosis and prevention

With timely access to a doctor, the prognosis for naboth cysts is favorable. After treatment, the epithelial cover is restored, the development of deformation or cicatricial changes in the cervix is ​​uncharacteristic.

Prevention consists in preventing the formation of pseudo-erosion and its infection. To do this, you need to avoid casual sexual contact, use a condom during sex, and treat vulvovaginitis in a timely manner. Women of reproductive age and girls who are sexually active should visit a gynecologist for a preventive examination at least once a year.

You can share your medical history, what helped you in the treatment of naboth cysts of the cervix.

Sources

1. Practical colposcopy / Rogovskaya S.I. – 2013.
2. Gynecology. National leadership / ed. Kulakova V.I., Savelieva G.M., Manukhina I.B. – 2009.
3. Background diseases of the cervix. Diagnosis and treatment. Textbook for senior students / compiled by: Sakhautdinova I.V., Yanbaev D.Sh., Khaibullina A.R., Zulkarneeva E.M. – 2013.
4. This article was prepared based on the materials of the site: https://www.krasotaimedicina.ru/

IMPORTANT
Information from this section cannot be used for self-diagnosis and self-treatment. In case of pain or other exacerbation of the disease, only the attending physician should prescribe diagnostic tests. For diagnosis and proper treatment, you should contact your doctor.

Treatment of diseases of the cervix

A woman’s health is the key to her beauty and well-being in various areas of life. The fair sex should be especially attentive to the prevention and treatment of “female” diseases. Regular visits to the gynecologist allows you to diagnose diseases in time and avoid many negative consequences.

Often the reason for a visit to a gynecologist in women is diseases of the cervix. The success of treatment often depends on timely access to doctors. Many diseases of the female reproductive system are asymptomatic, so if you care about your health, do not be too lazy to visit a gynecologist at least once a year, even if nothing hurts.

Diseases of the cervix are divided into background, inflammatory, precancerous and malignant.

Most common gynecological diseases

Cervical erosion

Cervical erosion is one of those diseases that do not make themselves felt. Only a gynecologist can detect it during an examination. Most often, erosion is called a disease, which in the scientific community is denoted by the term “pseudo-erosion” – this is not a healed erosion. It is a violation of the mucous membrane of the uterus in the form of a small wound. Its cause is inflammation, mechanical damage or hormonal disorders. If cervical erosion is not treated for a long time, the consequences can be sad: there is a risk of its degeneration into a tumor. To date, there are various methods of treatment of cervical erosion. These include radio wave cauterization, cryodestruction (cauterization using liquid nitrogen), diathermocoagulation (cautery with current), chemical coagulation, and in some cases, surgery.

Cervical dysplasia

Cervical dysplasia is a precancerous condition. This does not mean that the disease will necessarily develop into oncology. But the likelihood of this development of events in women with dysplasia is several times higher than in healthy women. Depending on the severity of the disorders and the depth of penetration of the pathological process, three degrees of dysplasia are distinguished: mild, moderate and severe. The causes of its occurrence can be sexually transmitted diseases, hormonal disorders, decreased immunity. The likelihood of developing the disease in women infected with the human papillomavirus is high. Treatment of cervical dysplasia is similar to the treatment of erosion (radio wave, laser and other types of coagulation).

Cyst of the cervix

Cyst of the cervix (nabothian cysts) is a disease that most often occurs without symptoms and can only be detected by a gynecologist. Often a cyst is a consequence of cervical erosion. Also among the causes of the disease are inflammatory processes and hormonal disruptions. Untreated cysts can develop inflammation and suppuration, so the disease should not be started. It is not treated with medicines: patients are prescribed a procedure for removing a cyst on the cervix. The removal method depends on the specific case.

Cervical polyp

Cervical polyp is a benign pathological process. The cause of its occurrence are injuries of the cervix and endocrine disorders. Most often it is asymptomatic. The formation of polyps can adversely affect the reproductive functions of a woman and create favorable conditions for the development of oncology, therefore, it is impossible to start the disease in any case. To cure the disease, specialists remove polyps of the cervix – by radio wave, laser or surgical methods.

Cervical leukoplakia

Cervical leukoplakia is a keratinization of the epithelium. The disease does not manifest itself in any way and can be detected during examination by a gynecologist or after special studies. There are leukoplakia with and without atypia. The first case is a precancerous condition. It is difficult to name the unambiguous causes of the disease, but most often they include chronic inflammation, human papillomavirus and chlamydia, disorders of the immune and endocrine systems. The disease is treated surgically.

Methods of treatment of cervical diseases

In the medical center “YugMedTrans” for the successful treatment of diseases of the cervix, the cryogenic method is often used. Its implementation has made it possible to significantly increase the effectiveness of treatment and reduce the risk of complications that manifested themselves with other methods of eliminating such diseases (medication, surgery, laser, etc.).

One of the main advantages of the cryogenic method is the absence of stenosis and cicatricial narrowing, which often occur after the use of other types of tissue destruction (laser and electrosurgical). The uterus retains its elasticity, pathological narrowing does not occur, and, as a result, the process of opening the cervix during subsequent births proceeds normally. Cryodestruction is one of the most promising methods of treating patients whose pathological process is located in anatomically accessible areas. The effectiveness of the treatment of benign diseases of the cervix using cryotherapy depends on the following factors:

• correctly performed examination;
• selection of the optimal cryoapplicator;
• exposure timing;
• compliance with the recommendations in the postoperative period.