Is a cat scan a ct scan. Understanding CT Scans: What They Are, How They Work, and Their Importance in Medical Imaging
Are CAT scans and CT scans the same procedure. How does a CT scan work. What are the common uses of CT scans in medical diagnostics. What should patients expect during a CT scan procedure. Are there any risks or side effects associated with CT scans.
The Evolution of CT Scan Terminology: From CAT to CT
In the realm of medical imaging, terminology can sometimes be confusing. One such instance is the use of “CAT scan” and “CT scan.” These terms often lead to questions about whether they refer to different procedures. Let’s clarify this common misconception.
CAT scan stands for “computed axial tomography,” while CT scan is an abbreviation for “computed tomography.” Despite the difference in terminology, these acronyms refer to the same imaging procedure. The term “CAT scan” was initially more prevalent, but “CT scan” has gained wider usage in recent years.
Why did the terminology change? The shift from CAT to CT reflects the evolution of the technology itself. Early CT scanners only produced axial (cross-sectional) images, hence the inclusion of “axial” in the original term. As the technology advanced, allowing for multi-planar reconstructions and 3D imaging, the more generalized term “computed tomography” became more appropriate.
The Science Behind CT Scans: How Do They Work?
CT scans are a remarkable fusion of X-ray technology and computer processing. But how exactly do they create such detailed images of our internal structures?
At its core, a CT scanner consists of an X-ray tube that rotates 360 degrees around the patient’s body. As it rotates, it emits X-ray beams that pass through the body at various angles. On the opposite side of the X-ray tube, detectors measure the amount of radiation that passes through the body.
The key to CT’s effectiveness lies in its ability to gather information from multiple angles. As the X-ray tube completes its rotation, it collects data from hundreds of different perspectives. This raw data is then processed by powerful computers, which use complex algorithms to construct detailed cross-sectional images of the body.
These cross-sectional images, often called “slices,” can be as thin as 0.5 millimeters. By stacking these slices, radiologists can create three-dimensional views of organs, bones, and other internal structures. This level of detail is what makes CT scans so valuable in medical diagnostics.
Common Applications of CT Scans in Medical Diagnostics
CT scans have become an indispensable tool in modern medicine, offering physicians a non-invasive way to examine internal structures with remarkable clarity. But in what specific situations are CT scans most commonly used?
- Bone and Joint Problems: CT scans excel at visualizing complex fractures and bone tumors. They can provide detailed images of the skeletal structure, helping orthopedic specialists plan treatments and surgeries.
- Cancer Detection and Monitoring: CT scans can identify masses and tumors in various parts of the body. They’re also used to monitor the progression of cancer and the effectiveness of treatments like chemotherapy or radiation.
- Cardiovascular Imaging: CT angiography can visualize blood vessels and detect blockages, aneurysms, or other vascular abnormalities.
- Lung Conditions: CT scans are particularly useful for diagnosing lung diseases like emphysema, pneumonia, or lung cancer.
- Brain Imaging: CT scans can quickly detect brain injuries, tumors, or bleeding, making them crucial in emergency situations like strokes.
- Abdominal and Pelvic Imaging: CT scans can visualize organs like the liver, pancreas, intestines, and reproductive organs, helping diagnose conditions ranging from appendicitis to ovarian cysts.
- Trauma Assessment: In cases of severe injury, such as car accidents, CT scans can quickly identify internal injuries and bleeding.
The versatility of CT scans makes them a go-to diagnostic tool for many medical specialties. Their ability to provide detailed images quickly is particularly valuable in emergency situations where time is of the essence.
CT Scans with Contrast: Enhancing Diagnostic Capabilities
While standard CT scans provide excellent detail of dense structures like bones, sometimes additional clarity is needed for soft tissues or blood vessels. This is where contrast-enhanced CT scans come into play.
In a CT scan with contrast, a special dye called a contrast medium is introduced into the patient’s body. This dye can be administered in several ways:
- Orally: The patient drinks a liquid containing the contrast medium.
- Intravenously: The contrast is injected into a vein, usually in the arm.
- Rectally: In some cases, the contrast is administered as an enema.
The contrast medium works by temporarily changing how X-rays interact with the body. It can make certain structures appear brighter or darker on the resulting images, enhancing visibility and helping radiologists distinguish between different types of tissues.
When are contrast-enhanced CT scans particularly useful? They excel in situations such as:
- Visualizing blood vessels (CT angiography)
- Detecting tumors or assessing their blood supply
- Evaluating organ function
- Identifying areas of inflammation or infection
While contrast-enhanced CT scans offer significant diagnostic benefits, they’re not suitable for everyone. Patients with kidney problems or allergies to iodine-based contrast materials may need alternative imaging methods. It’s crucial for patients to discuss their medical history with their healthcare provider before undergoing a contrast-enhanced CT scan.
The CT Scan Procedure: What Patients Can Expect
Undergoing a CT scan can be an unfamiliar experience for many patients. Understanding what to expect can help alleviate anxiety and ensure a smooth procedure. So, what does a typical CT scan involve?
Before the Scan
Preparation for a CT scan varies depending on the type of scan and whether contrast is being used. Generally, patients may be asked to:
- Fast for several hours before the scan if contrast is being used
- Remove metal objects like jewelry or dental appliances
- Change into a hospital gown
If contrast is being used, a healthcare professional will insert an IV line for intravenous contrast administration.
During the Scan
The CT scan itself is a quick and painless procedure. Here’s what typically happens:
- The patient lies on a table that slides into the CT scanner, which looks like a large donut.
- The technologist leaves the room but remains in communication via intercom.
- The table moves slowly through the scanner as it takes images.
- Patients may hear whirring or buzzing noises as the machine operates.
- The technologist may ask the patient to hold their breath briefly at certain points.
The entire scanning process usually takes between 10 to 30 minutes, depending on the area being scanned.
After the Scan
Once the scan is complete, patients can typically resume their normal activities immediately. If contrast was used, they may be advised to drink plenty of fluids to help flush it out of their system.
The images from the scan are interpreted by a radiologist, who then sends a report to the patient’s doctor. Results are usually available within a few days, though in emergency situations, they can be processed much more quickly.
Weighing the Benefits and Risks of CT Scans
CT scans are a powerful diagnostic tool, but like any medical procedure, they come with both benefits and potential risks. Understanding these can help patients make informed decisions about their healthcare.
Benefits of CT Scans
- Non-invasive: CT scans provide detailed internal images without the need for surgical procedures.
- Quick: Most CT scans take only minutes to perform, making them ideal for emergency situations.
- Versatile: They can image a wide range of body parts and diagnose various conditions.
- Accurate: CT scans offer high-resolution images that can detect small abnormalities.
- Painless: The procedure itself causes no discomfort.
Potential Risks and Side Effects
While CT scans are generally safe, there are some considerations:
- Radiation Exposure: CT scans use ionizing radiation, which in high doses can potentially increase cancer risk. However, the risk from a single CT scan is very low.
- Contrast Reactions: Some people may have allergic reactions to contrast materials, ranging from mild (like itching) to severe (like difficulty breathing).
- Pregnancy Concerns: CT scans are generally avoided during pregnancy unless absolutely necessary, due to potential risks to the fetus.
It’s important to note that medical professionals carefully weigh the benefits against the risks when recommending a CT scan. The diagnostic information gained often far outweighs the potential risks.
Advances in CT Technology: What’s on the Horizon?
The field of CT imaging continues to evolve, with new technologies promising even better image quality, faster scans, and reduced radiation exposure. What innovations are shaping the future of CT scanning?
Dual-Energy CT
Dual-energy CT uses two different energy levels of X-rays to create images. This technique can provide additional information about tissue composition, improving the differentiation between various types of tissues and materials in the body.
Photon-Counting CT
This emerging technology promises to revolutionize CT imaging. Photon-counting detectors can measure individual X-ray photons, potentially allowing for higher resolution images, reduced radiation dose, and improved tissue characterization.
Artificial Intelligence in CT Imaging
AI algorithms are being developed to assist radiologists in interpreting CT scans. These tools can help detect subtle abnormalities, prioritize urgent cases, and even predict patient outcomes based on imaging data.
Ultra-Low Dose CT
Advances in detector technology and image reconstruction algorithms are allowing for CT scans to be performed with significantly lower radiation doses without compromising image quality.
These technological advancements are not just improving image quality and diagnostic accuracy; they’re also making CT scans safer and more accessible to a wider range of patients. As research continues, we can expect CT technology to become even more sophisticated, further cementing its place as a cornerstone of modern medical imaging.
CT Scans in Emergency Medicine: A Critical Diagnostic Tool
In the fast-paced world of emergency medicine, quick and accurate diagnosis can be the difference between life and death. CT scans have become an invaluable tool in emergency departments worldwide, providing rapid and detailed information about a patient’s condition. But how exactly do CT scans contribute to emergency care?
Trauma Assessment
In cases of severe trauma, such as car accidents or falls, CT scans can quickly identify:
- Internal bleeding
- Organ injuries
- Fractures, especially in complex areas like the pelvis or spine
- Brain injuries, including hemorrhages and skull fractures
The speed of CT scanning is crucial in these situations, allowing medical teams to make rapid decisions about treatment.
Stroke Diagnosis
When a patient presents with stroke symptoms, time is of the essence. CT scans can quickly differentiate between ischemic strokes (caused by blood clots) and hemorrhagic strokes (caused by bleeding in the brain). This distinction is crucial as the treatments for these two types of strokes are very different.
Abdominal Pain
For patients with severe abdominal pain, CT scans can help diagnose conditions such as:
- Appendicitis
- Diverticulitis
- Kidney stones
- Bowel obstructions
The detailed images provided by CT scans often allow doctors to make a definitive diagnosis without the need for exploratory surgery.
Pulmonary Embolism
CT angiography of the chest is the gold standard for diagnosing pulmonary embolism, a potentially life-threatening condition where blood clots block arteries in the lungs.
The role of CT scans in emergency medicine extends beyond these examples. Their ability to provide detailed images quickly makes them an essential tool for emergency physicians, helping to guide treatment decisions and improve patient outcomes in critical situations.
CAT Scan vs. CT Scan: Are They the Same Procedure?
CAT Scan vs. CT Scan:
What’s the Difference?
Medicine is a field with countless acronyms. Two that can be confusing are CAT scan and CT scan. Sometimes thought to be different types of diagnostic tests, they actually refer to the same X-ray procedure. CAT stands for “computed axial tomography” and CT is simply “computed tomography.” CAT scan was the first of the two terms to be used; CT scan has become more common in recent years. These two procedures are the same, though.
What is a CT Scan For?
A CT scan produces images using an X-ray tube that travels 360 degrees around your body. As it moves, it gathers information from multiple angles to create cross-sectional images.
Doctors order CT scans for a number of reasons, including to:
- Look for bone and joint problems such as complex fractures and tumors
- Detect masses and spots associated with conditions like heart disease, cancer and emphysema
- Locate clots, tumors, infection or fluid buildup
- Check for internal injuries and bleeding following a traumatic event like a car accident
- Provide information in preparation for a surgery, biopsy or other procedure
- Compare images taken over a period of time to gauge the effectiveness of a treatment such as the chemotherapy or radiation used to shrink a tumor
In some cases, what’s called a CT scan “with contrast” is needed. With this procedure, the technician performing the procedure inserts a catheter into one of your arms in order to administer a special dye called contrast material. This dye makes it easier for the scan to create a crisp image of tissues and organs that are less dense than bone and therefore may not show up as clearly.
The detail in a CT scan with contrast may make it the preferred approach over other imaging techniques in some instances. For example, a CT scan can provide better information on the bones of the spine than either a standard X-ray or an MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) scan, which is helpful when assessing conditions that affect the vertebrae and other bones.
There are some instances when a CT scan isn’t advisable. If you’re pregnant or think you may be pregnant, you should tell your doctor. There is also a weight limit for receiving a CT scan.
A CT Scan is a Pain-Free Procedure That Produces Crucial Images
Other than the poke if contrast material is needed, a CT scan is completely painless and provides your care team with critically important information on your condition. For many patients, the only unpleasant aspect of the scan is the feeling of being enclosed in the CT scan machine. However, that temporary discomfort is worth the valuable information the procedure produces.
At Baptist Health, the procedure takes place as follows:
- Preparation. How you prepare for your CT scan will depend on the type of scan performed. If your abdomen/pelvis, chest or head is being scanned with contrast, you may be instructed not to eat or drink for several hours prior to your exam. You may also have to drink a contrast medium or have it administered intravenously. If you’re having a head scan with no contrast, you can eat up until the time of the exam, and no liquid or intravenous contrast medium is required.
- Exam. A CT scan typically takes 15-30 minutes. A certified technologist helps you get positioned on the scan table, which is then moved into the machine. You’ll hear humming as the machine works and the table may move as different images are captured.
You may also receive instructions, such as holding your breath for a short time, from the technologist, who observes the entire test and communicates with you through two-way microphones.
- Side effects. Depending on the type of exam, afterward, you may experience a metallic taste in your mouth (if contrast dye is used), fatigue, headache, weakness or constipation.
- Follow-up. After your exam, a radiologist (a doctor that specializes in imaging) reviews the images and sends a report to your physician who will discuss it with you at your next appointment.
Get a CT Scan at Baptist Health
Learn more about CT scans available from Baptist Health, along with pre-and post-exam expectations.
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Purpose, Procedure, Risks, Side-Effects, Results
Written by WebMD Editorial Contributors
- How Do CT Scans Work?
- How Are CT Scans Done?
- What Is It Used For?
- What Is a CT Scan with Contrast?
- Are There Any Risks?
- What Are the Side Effects?
- More
A computed tomography (CT or CAT) scan allows doctors to see inside your body. It uses a combination of X-rays and a computer to create pictures of your organs, bones, and other tissues. It shows more detail than a regular X-ray.
You can get a CT scan on any part of your body. The procedure doesn’t take very long, and it’s painless.
They use a narrow X-ray beam that circles around one part of your body. This provides a series of images from many different angles. A computer uses this information to create a cross-sectional picture. Like one piece in a loaf of bread, this two-dimensional (2D) scan shows a “slice” of the inside of your body.
This process is repeated to produce a number of slices. The computer stacks these scans one on top of the other to create a detailed image of your organs, bones, or blood vessels. For example, a surgeon may use this type of scan to look at all sides of a tumor to prepare for an operation.
You’d probably get a scan at a hospital or radiology clinic. Your doctor might tell you not to eat or drink for a few hours before the procedure. You may also need to wear a hospital gown and remove any metal objects, such as jewelry.
A radiology technologist will perform the CT scan. During the test, you’ll lie on a table inside a large, doughnut-shaped CT machine. As the table slowly moves through the scanner, the X-rays rotate around your body. It’s normal to hear a whirring or buzzing noise. Movement can blur the image, so you’ll be asked to stay very still. You may need to hold your breath at times.
How long the scan takes will depend on what parts of your body are being scanned. It can take anywhere from a few minutes to a half-hour. In most cases, you’ll go home the same day.
Doctors order CT scans for a long list of reasons:
- CT scans can detect bone and joint problems, like complex bone fractures and tumors.
- If you have a condition like cancer, heart disease, emphysema, or liver masses, CT scans can spot it or help doctors see any changes.
- They show internal injuries and bleeding, such as those caused by a car accident.
- They can help locate a tumor, blood clot, excess fluid, or infection.
- Doctors use them to guide treatment plans and procedures, such as biopsies, surgeries, and radiation therapy.
- Doctors can compare CT scans to find out if certain treatments are working. For example, scans of a tumor over time can show whether it’s responding to chemotherapy or radiation.
In a CT scan, dense substances like bones are easy to see. But soft tissues don’t show up as well. They may look faint in the image. To help them appear clearly, you may need a special dye called a contrast material. They block the X-rays and appear white on the scan, highlighting blood vessels, organs, or other structures.
Contrast materials are usually made of iodine or barium sulfate. You might receive these drugs in one or more of three ways:
- Injection: The drugs are injected directly into a vein. This is done to help your blood vessels, urinary tract, liver, or gallbladder stand out in the image.
- Orally: Drinking a liquid with the contrast material can enhance scans of your digestive tract, the pathway of food through your body.
- Enema: If your intestines are being scanned, the contrast material can be inserted in your rectum.
After the CT scan, you’ll need to drink plenty of fluids to help your kidneys remove the contrast material from your body.
CT scans use X-rays, which produce ionizing radiation. Research shows that this kind of radiation may damage your DNA and lead to cancer. But the risk is still very small — your chances of developing a fatal cancer because of a CT scan are about 1 in 2,000.
But radiation’s effect adds up over your lifetime. So your risk increases with every CT scan you get. Talk to your doctor about the procedure’s potential dangers and benefits, and ask why the CT scan is necessary.
Ionizing radiation may be more harmful in children. That’s because they’re still growing. They also have more years to get exposed to radiation. Before the procedure, you may want to ask the doctor or technician if the CT machine’s settings have been adjusted for a child.
Tell your physician if you’re pregnant. If you need imaging for your stomach area, your doctor may recommend an exam that doesn’t use radiation, such as an ultrasound.
Some people are allergic to the contrast materials. Most of the time, the reaction is mild. It can lead to itchiness or a rash. In very few cases, the dye may trigger a life-threatening reaction. For this reason, your health care provider may want to monitor you for a short period after your CT scan. Tell your doctor about any allergies you have to medications, seafood, or iodine.
Your doctor should know, too, if you have diabetes and are taking the drug metformin. They’ll let you know if you should stop taking your medication before or after your procedure.
Although it’s rare, contrast materials can lead to kidney problems. Let your doctor know if you have any kidney issues before the CT scan.
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Use of MRI and CT for pets
MRI and CT
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and X-ray computed tomography (CT) are methods of examining various organs by computer-assisted reconstruction of sliced or 3D images. Currently, these are one of the most accurate methods for diagnosing structural disorders of bones, joints, brain, blood vessels, internal organs, and soft tissues in animals.
MRI – what is it
Magnetic resonance imaging is a complex highly informative diagnostic method based on the phenomenon of nuclear magnetic resonance of hydrogen atoms in the cells of the body. With MRI pulses in a magnetic field, vibrations of hydrogen atoms are received in the form of echo signals, which are converted into a picture by means of a computer program. This image can be in different planes. Analysis of these images helps establish the diagnosis. X-ray or other types of ionizing radiation are not used in MRI, only a magnetic field.
When MRI is used for animal diagnostics
Animal MRI is most commonly used for effective soft tissue assessment. For example, studies of the organs of the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord), spine and ligamentous and muscular systems (musculoskeletal system), as well as organs of the small pelvis and abdominal cavity. MRI for dogs allows you to assess the structure of the soft tissues of internal organs, identify developmental disorders, traumatic changes, tumors, etc. (photo 1, 2).
What is CT
Computed tomography is one of the most modern methods of X-ray diagnostics. A CT scanner is a coil (gantry) into which the patient enters during the examination, located on the table. The gantry rotates the source or sources generating radiation around the patient, then the x-ray image data is processed by a computer and an x-ray image is obtained. Scanning the patient’s body with x-rays from all sides at different angles, a CT scanner creates a layered x-ray image of the internal organs.
When to use CT
This examination method is well established for assessing bone and cartilage structures, tumors and fluids. CT in animals is widely used to diagnose bone damage, trauma and bleeding. It is used as a method of angiography and can evaluate the excretory (excretory) properties of organs (photo 3, 4, 5, 6).
What is the difference between MRI and CT
The main difference between MRI and CT lies in the different physical phenomena used in the devices. In the case of CT, this is X-ray radiation, which gives an idea of the physical state of a substance, and in the case of MRI, it is a constant magnetic field and radio frequency electromagnetic radiation, which gives information about the chemical structure of tissues. These methods combine the possibility of layer-by-layer tissue scanning.
Both methods are widely used in veterinary medicine in patients with neurological problems, but there is a particular difference. On MRI in dogs, the structures of the brain, spinal cord and peripheral nerves are well visualized, while on CT they are not so well visualized. On CT, the vertebrae themselves, intervertebral discs and spinal canals are well visualized.
Both methods additionally include the possibility of contrasting. Injected contrast agents can accumulate in the pathological tissue and improve the visualization of the necessary structures. This is especially true in the diagnosis of tumors of various localization.
CT is preferred for diagnosing lung pathologies.
Before prescribing a study, it is necessary to understand which of the methods will be most informative and useful to a specialist. In some cases, it is necessary to use MRI and CT at the same time. These techniques require general anesthesia in animals, and therefore some patients may have contraindications to anesthesia. Metal objects (constructions for osteosynthesis, pacemakers) are a contraindication to MRI.
Dear pet owners! At the moment, MRI and CT diagnostics are not performed at the veterinary center of Dr. Vorontsov. If necessary, we send these studies to other institutions. We review the brought pictures and records to make a diagnosis.
CT for animals in St. Petersburg
Accurate diagnosis in a few minutes
the animal may deteriorate rapidly.
CT gives a unique chance – in just a couple of minutes
using special protocols, we obtain comprehensive information about
condition of bones, central nervous system, internal organs, soft
tissues, vessels with minimal radiation exposure, we find out the cause of the disease
and immediately begin treatment.
CT scan at the PRIDE veterinary center is:
Accurate diagnosis
for one anesthesia
Only we do CT and MRI at the same time. No need for an accurate diagnosis
to go and overload the pet with drugs.
Animal research
weighing from 300 g to 120 kg
We select an individual level of radiation exposure for each pet.
Biopsy under
CT control
We immediately do a “targeted” biopsy of the area where the changes were found.
Research of any
difficulty level
Including contrast to improve diagnostic accuracy.
3D view
for more precision
Special protocols enable us to carry out complex examinations of the central
nervous system, blood vessels, internal organs.
Automatic
dose control
Independent of the area to be examined, via software
CARE Dose4D. Radiation exposure reduced by 68%.
Comfort during
examinations and after
Each examination is carried out with the participation of an anesthesiologist, he continuously monitors
the state of the animal.
Result control
after surgery
The doctor assesses how successful the operation was and plans further
treatment.
CT is indispensable in diagnosis:
Neoplasms – benign, malignant, metastases:
- Brain
- Internal organs: lungs, liver, pancreas, kidneys, spleen
- Bones
- Joints
Injuries – isolated and combined injuries:
- Spine
- Bones of the vault and base of the skull
- Chest
- Belly
- Limbs
Pathologies of the nervous system
- Strokes
- Post-traumatic hemorrhage
- Tumors
- Hydrocephalus
- Edema and atrophy of the brain
- Brain abscess
- Spinal cord compressions
Heart diseases
- Defects
- Camera extensions
- Scars after a heart attack
- Aneurysm
- Thrombus
- Tumors
Urological pathology
- Kidney and bladder stones
- Tumors of the genitourinary system
- Abnormalities of renal hypoplasia, hydronephrosis, ectopic ureters
Vascular diseases
- Thrombosis
- Emboli
- Aneurysm
- Portosystemic shunts
- Development options
Orthopedic diseases
- Fractures and fractures of bones
- Joint injuries
- Areas of bone destruction and sclerosis
- Herniated and protrusion of the intervertebral discs
- Arthritis and arthrosis
Anomalies of the body
- Malformations of the spine, joints, abdominal organs, urogenital
systems
Are you looking for answers to these questions:
X-ray
- Suitable for primary diagnosis
- Only gross deviations are visible in the images
- Displays an image in one plane
- In the images, the shadows of organs and tissues are superimposed on each other, slight
changes are not visible.
CT
- Indispensable for a quick definitive diagnosis
- Scans show lesions as small as 0.6 mm
- Produces dozens of images in various planes and modes – for bones,
soft tissues
KT | MRI | |
---|---|---|
What is used | X-ray | Magnetic field |
Which organs/structures can be seen better | Fresh hemorrhages, internal organs, soft tissues, calculi | Brain structures, soft tissues |
What are the benefits of | Quickly and accurately helps diagnose injuries and their complications, clarify the presence of hemorrhages, tumors and metastases | Accurate diagnosis at an early stage of tumors of the central nervous system, soft tissues, pathology vessels, joints. X-rays are not used. |
- Duration of the procedure – several minutes
- Radiation exposure reduced by 68%
- Areas of the body not to be examined are covered with special screens
- For sedation during the study, use lower doses of drugs,
than for operation
- To exclude contraindications, the animal is examined before the procedure
- The doctor constantly monitors the condition – conducts an examination before the procedure,
administers drugs, and monitors the animal until the very awakening - All manipulations are carried out quickly and accurately
Indications and contraindications
Indications:
- Polytrauma – head, chest, abdomen, spine, limbs,
- Suspicion:
- hemorrhage
- “acute abdomen”
- neoplasm
- thrombosis and thromboembolism
- the presence of foreign bodies, including those not visible on radiographs,
- Search for neoplasm metastases
- Bone and joint deformities
- Movement disorder
- Planning complex bone and joint surgeries
Contraindications:
- Conditions where anesthesia is contraindicated
- Renal failure for contrast administration
CT in PRIDE in numbers
100%
reliability
Thanks to the new modern device SIEMENS SOMATOM Emotion, many years of
experience and high qualification of the radiologist.