How does estrogen affect joint pain during menstruation and menopause. What causes joint discomfort in women during hormonal changes. Why do menopausal women experience more joint pain than men. How can women manage joint pain associated with hormonal fluctuations.

Understanding Estrogen: The Key Female Hormone

Estrogen is a crucial hormone in female sexual and reproductive development. It encompasses a group of chemically similar hormones, including estrone, estradiol, and estriol. Primarily produced in the ovaries, estrogen plays a vital role in regulating various bodily functions.

The Multi-Faceted Role of Estrogen

Estrogen’s influence extends far beyond reproductive health. This hormone impacts numerous aspects of a woman’s body:

• Menstrual cycle regulation
• Uterine lining growth
• Pregnancy maintenance
• Breast development and lactation
• Bone formation and maintenance
• Skin, hair, and mucous membrane health
• Pelvic muscle tone

Given its wide-ranging effects, it’s no surprise that fluctuations in estrogen levels can lead to various symptoms, including joint pain.

The Estrogen-Joint Pain Connection: Unraveling the Mystery

Joint pain is a common complaint among women during menstruation and menopause. But why does this occur? The answer lies in the intricate relationship between estrogen and joint health.

How Estrogen Affects Joint Health

Estrogen plays a crucial role in maintaining joint health through several mechanisms:

1. Water retention: Estrogen helps regulate fluid levels in the body, including in joint tissues.
2. Cartilage protection: The hormone may help maintain cartilage integrity.
3. Anti-inflammatory properties: Estrogen can help reduce inflammation in the body.
4. Bone density preservation: It aids in maintaining bone mass, which is crucial for joint support.

When estrogen levels fluctuate or decline, these protective effects may diminish, leading to increased joint discomfort.

Menstrual Cycle and Joint Pain: The Monthly Rollercoaster

Many women experience joint pain as part of their premenstrual syndrome (PMS) symptoms. This phenomenon is closely tied to the cyclical nature of estrogen levels throughout the menstrual cycle.

The Estrogen Cycle and Its Impact on Joints

During a typical menstrual cycle, estrogen levels rise and fall. Just before menstruation, estrogen levels drop significantly. This sudden decrease can lead to:

• Reduced joint lubrication
• Increased inflammation
• Greater sensitivity to pain

As a result, some women may experience joint pain or stiffness in the days leading up to their period.

Menopause and Joint Pain: A New Reality for Many Women

As women enter menopause, typically between ages 45 and 55, joint pain becomes a common complaint. In fact, it’s one of the most frequently reported symptoms alongside hot flashes, night sweats, and mood changes.

Why is Joint Pain More Common in Menopausal Women?

Several factors contribute to the increased prevalence of joint pain during menopause:

1. Estrogen decline: The sharp decrease in estrogen production leads to less joint protection.
2. Water loss: Lower estrogen levels result in reduced water retention, affecting joint lubrication.
3. Weight gain: Many women gain weight during menopause, putting extra stress on joints.
4. Increased pain sensitivity: Hormonal changes can alter pain perception.
5. Postural changes: Shifts in posture due to other menopausal symptoms can strain joints.

These factors combined make menopausal women four times more likely to experience joint pain and osteoporosis compared to men of the same age.

The Science Behind Estrogen and Joint Lubrication

One of the key ways estrogen affects joint health is through its influence on joint lubrication. Understanding this mechanism can help explain why hormonal changes lead to joint discomfort.

How Estrogen Maintains Joint Hydration

Estrogen plays a crucial role in maintaining proper hydration of joint tissues:

• Cartilage hydration: Up to 80% of cartilage is water, which helps it absorb shock and reduce friction.
• Synovial fluid production: Estrogen influences the production of this lubricating fluid in joints.
• Ligament and tendon elasticity: Proper hydration keeps these connective tissues flexible.

When estrogen levels drop, the body’s ability to retain water in these tissues diminishes, potentially leading to increased friction and discomfort in the joints.

Beyond Estrogen: Other Factors Influencing Joint Pain in Women

While estrogen plays a significant role in joint health, it’s not the only factor at play. Several other elements can contribute to joint pain during menstruation and menopause.

Additional Contributors to Joint Discomfort

Consider these factors when addressing joint pain:

1. Inflammation: Hormonal fluctuations can trigger inflammatory responses in the body.
2. Muscle tension: Stress and mood changes can lead to increased muscle tension, affecting joint comfort.
3. Dietary factors: Certain foods may exacerbate inflammation and joint pain.
4. Physical activity levels: Both too much and too little exercise can impact joint health.
5. Genetic predisposition: Some women may be more susceptible to joint issues due to their genetic makeup.

Addressing these factors alongside hormonal management can provide a more comprehensive approach to relieving joint pain.

Managing Joint Pain: Strategies for Relief

While joint pain related to hormonal changes can be challenging, there are numerous strategies women can employ to find relief and improve their quality of life.

Lifestyle Modifications for Joint Health

Consider implementing these changes to support joint comfort:

• Regular exercise: Low-impact activities like swimming or yoga can improve joint flexibility and strength.
• Maintaining a healthy weight: Reducing excess weight can alleviate stress on joints, particularly in the hips and knees.
• Proper hydration: Drinking adequate water helps maintain joint lubrication.
• Anti-inflammatory diet: Incorporating foods rich in omega-3 fatty acids and antioxidants may help reduce inflammation.
• Stress management: Techniques like meditation or deep breathing can help reduce muscle tension and pain perception.

Medical Interventions for Persistent Joint Pain

If lifestyle changes aren’t sufficient, consider these medical options:

1. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT): This can help balance estrogen levels but should be discussed thoroughly with a healthcare provider due to potential risks.
2. Pain medications: Over-the-counter or prescription pain relievers may provide temporary relief.
3. Topical treatments: Creams or gels containing anti-inflammatory ingredients can offer localized relief.
4. Physical therapy: Targeted exercises and treatments can improve joint function and reduce pain.
5. Complementary therapies: Acupuncture, massage, or chiropractic care may benefit some women.

Always consult with a healthcare professional before starting any new treatment regimen.

The Future of Joint Pain Management in Women’s Health

As our understanding of the relationship between hormones and joint health continues to evolve, new avenues for treatment and prevention are emerging.

Promising Developments in Joint Pain Research

Several areas of research show potential for improving joint pain management in women:

• Targeted hormone therapies: Researchers are exploring treatments that could provide the joint-protective benefits of estrogen without unwanted side effects.
• Nutritional interventions: Studies on specific nutrients and their role in joint health may lead to more effective dietary recommendations.
• Gene therapy: Understanding genetic factors in joint pain could pave the way for personalized treatment approaches.
• Advanced imaging techniques: Improved diagnostic tools may allow for earlier detection and intervention in joint issues.
• Regenerative medicine: Stem cell therapies and other regenerative approaches show promise in repairing joint damage.

These advancements offer hope for more effective, personalized approaches to managing joint pain related to hormonal changes in women.

The Importance of Women’s Health Awareness

Raising awareness about the connection between hormonal changes and joint pain is crucial. Many women may not realize that their joint discomfort is related to their menstrual cycle or menopause. By understanding this link, women can:

1. Seek appropriate care earlier
2. Make informed decisions about their health
3. Advocate for better research and treatment options
4. Support other women experiencing similar issues
5. Improve their overall quality of life

Empowering women with knowledge about their bodies and health can lead to better outcomes and a more proactive approach to managing hormonal changes throughout their lives.

Holistic Approaches to Hormonal Balance and Joint Health

While medical interventions can be necessary, many women are turning to holistic approaches to manage hormonal balance and joint health. These methods focus on supporting the body’s natural processes and overall wellness.

Natural Remedies for Hormone-Related Joint Pain

Consider incorporating these holistic strategies:

• Herbal supplements: Certain herbs like black cohosh and evening primrose oil may help balance hormones naturally.
• Essential oils: Aromatherapy with oils like lavender or peppermint can help reduce stress and pain perception.
• Mind-body practices: Techniques such as tai chi or qigong combine gentle movement with mindfulness to improve joint flexibility and reduce pain.
• Dietary adjustments: Phytoestrogen-rich foods like soy and flaxseed may help mitigate the effects of estrogen decline.
• Sleep optimization: Prioritizing good sleep hygiene can improve hormone balance and reduce inflammation.

Always consult with a healthcare provider before starting any new supplement or treatment regimen, especially when dealing with hormonal issues.

The Role of Mental Health in Joint Pain Management

The mind-body connection plays a significant role in how we experience pain. Addressing mental health alongside physical symptoms can lead to better outcomes:

1. Cognitive-behavioral therapy: This can help manage pain perception and develop coping strategies.
2. Stress reduction techniques: Practices like mindfulness meditation can lower stress hormones that may exacerbate joint pain.
3. Support groups: Connecting with others experiencing similar issues can provide emotional support and practical tips.
4. Positive psychology: Focusing on positive aspects of life can improve overall well-being and pain tolerance.
5. Hormonal education: Understanding the hormonal changes occurring in the body can reduce anxiety and improve self-care.

By addressing both the physical and emotional aspects of hormone-related joint pain, women can develop a more comprehensive and effective management strategy.

Estrogen and joint pain during menstruation or menopause

This is an automatically translated article.

Joint pain is one of the most common symptoms of menstruation or menopause. If you feel a little stiff and painful in your joints, especially in the morning, you should go to a medical facility for an examination to control your symptoms.

1. What is estrogen?

Estrogen is an important hormone for sexual and reproductive development, mainly in women. They are also known as female sex hormones. The term “estrogen” refers to all the chemically similar hormones in this group, namely estrone, estradiol (mainly in women of reproductive age), and estriol.

2. Function of Estrogen

In women, estrogen is produced mainly in the ovaries. The ovaries are grape-sized glands located inside the uterus and are part of the endocrine system. Therefore, estrogen has the following functions:
Estrogen is produced by fat cells and the adrenal glands, helps to regulate the menstrual cycle, controls the growth of the lining of the uterus during the first part of the cycle. If the egg is fertilized, estrogen works with progesterone to prevent ovulation during pregnancy. During pregnancy, the placenta produces estrogen, specifically the hormone estriol. Estrogen controls lactation and other breast changes, both during adolescence and during pregnancy. Estrogen plays an important role in bone formation, working with vitamin D, calcium and other hormones to effectively break down and rebuild bone according to the body’s natural process. As estrogen levels begin to decline in middle age, bone rebuilding slows down. For post-menopausal women, more bone is broken down than is produced. This is why postmenopausal women are four times more likely to have joint pain and osteoporosis than men. Estrogen even affects the skin, hair, mucous membranes, and pelvic muscles. For example, estrogen can make the skin darker. Some researchers hope to use this information to create fake skin creams that are safe by triggering estrogen’s tanning response, without causing other hormone-induced changes in the body. .

Estrogen có tác dụng điều hòa chu kỳ kinh nguyệt

3. Can menopause cause joint pain?

Joint pain is one of the common menopause symptoms, reducing mobility and flexibility. The causes of joint pain in menopause and how to treat and prevent it are all related to lifestyle, diet, naturopathy and supplements.
While joint pain and stiffness is inevitable as we age, when women reach menopause, typically between the ages of 45 and 55, they are often surprised to discover that joint pain is a among the most common symptoms aside from nighttime hot flashes, sweating, menstrual cycle changes, and mood swings.
Joints involved in high impact movements such as hips and knees are most commonly affected. Elbows, neck, shoulders, hands, and fingers can also be affected by joint pain.
Some causes of joint pain during menopause include:
Hormonal disorders. Loss of water. Weight gain. Improper diet. Poor posture. Increased sensitivity to pain.

4. How do hormonal changes affect joint pain?

Decreased estrogen levels are thought to be one of the main causes of joint pain during menopause. When you reach menopause, the level of estrogen in your body begins to drop. Estrogen is responsible for regulating fluid levels in the body, so if levels of this hormone are low, the body becomes less able to retain water, affecting the hydration and lubrication of joint tissues, including cartilage, ligaments and tendons.
Up to 80% of cartilage is water, they act as a cushion between bones, absorbing shock and reducing friction. Water is also a natural part of synovial fluid, which helps joints move without creating friction.
Water is also needed to help support the flexibility and elasticity of ligaments and tendons. Ligaments connect one bone to another and are necessary for joint stability, while tendons connect your muscles to bones. As ligaments and tendons lose their elasticity, your range and ease of movement can be reduced.
Therefore, without enough water, the flexibility and lubricating ability of joint tissues can be affected. When this protective and supportive property is impaired, it can cause pain and stiffness.
In short, when you reach menopause, the level of estrogen in your body starts to drop. Estrogen is responsible for regulating fluid levels in the body, so if levels of this hormone are low, the body becomes less able to retain water, affecting the hydration and lubrication of joint tissues, including cartilage, ligaments and tendons.

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References: Healthline.com, Pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

XEM THÊM:

• Uses of Cyclogest 200mg
• Foods that increase progesterone levels naturally
• Medical abortion (medicine) until the end of 9 weeks of amenorrhea

Joint Pain and Women – Women’s Health

Everyone gets the occasional ache or pain — a little soreness in the shoulder, a twinge in the knee — but research shows that women are more frequently and often more severely affected than men. The CDC estimates that from arthritis or chronic joint symptoms affect more than 70 million Americans, 41 million of whom are women. A number of factors contribute to this disparity: Women are more apt than men to have conditions that cause joint pain, experience hormone fluctuations that affect their vulnerability, and may not be physiologically equipped to deal with pain.

Causes of Joint Pain in Women

Of the nearly 27 million Americans with osteoarthritis (AO), 60 percent are women. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), an autoimmune disease, strikes approximately three times more women than men. Other autoimmune conditions that cause joint pain, such as lupus, scleroderma, and multiple sclerosis (MS), also hit women harder than men: Women are nine times more likely to develop lupus, three times more likely to have scleroderma, and twice as likely to suffer from MS. And fibromyalgia, a little understood condition that can cause joint pain, affects women eight times more frequently than men.

The Estrogen-Joint Pain Connection

“Women typically feel pain more intensively, more often, and in more parts of the body than men,” says Tarvez Tucker, MD, a pain specialist and director of the Pain Clinic at the University of Kentucky Medical Center, in Lexington. Female hormones are believed to play a role in women’s high vulnerability to pain. Many women with OA, RA, lupus, and fibromyalgia report an increase in joint pain just before or during their periods. This is likely because estrogen levels plummet right before menstruation and rise again after a woman’s period is over. “Estrogen is believed to be protective against pain,” says Dr. Tucker. “It peaks during pregnancy, probably to protect women from the pain of childbirth.” Some research shows that 80 percent of women with RA experience a remission of symptoms during pregnancy and a flare-up when estrogen dips during the postpartum period. Additionally, reproductive hormones are suspected as factors in the high incidence of autoimmune diseases in women since conditions such as RA and lupus are most common during the childbearing years.

Women’s Bodies and Joint Pain

Hormones are only part of the picture, however. Female brains may be wired for pain. It’s thought that endorphins, the body’s natural painkillers, work more effectively in men than in women. “Studies have found that females release less of the brain chemical dopamine in response to painful stimulation. Without dopamine, endorphins can’t function effectively,” says Patrick Wood, MD, a pain researcher at Louisiana State University, in Shreveport, and medical advisor to the National Fibromyalgia Association.

Female structural differences may contribute to some kinds of joint pain, too. For example, women are more prone to osteoarthritis of the knee. One possible explanation: “Women tend to be more limber and loose-jointed than men, so there’s more movement in that area, increasing the risk that the kneecap will rub on the bones below it,” notes Bruce Solitar, MD, a rheumatologist at the NYU Hospital for Joint Diseases, in New York City. This may lead to osteoarthritis symptoms in the knee area.

Joint Pain Medication and Women

Women react differently than men to some medications for relieving joint pain. For example, fluctuating hormone levels can reduce the amount of medicine circulating in the bloodstream, which means that women may need more of the standard dose. Plus, female digestive systems are slower, causing certain medications (like pain relievers) to take more time to pass through the digestive tract where they’re absorbed more fully. And because pain sensitivity increases right before a woman’s period, more pain-relieving medicine may be required at this time of the month. “Women need to be aware of these factors, ask the right questions, and be persistent about getting an accurate diagnosis and proper treatment,” says Dr. Tucker. By becoming educated about how joint pain affects them, women can increase the odds of finding relief and getting the best health care possible.

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Muscles hurt during menstruation – Body aches before menstruation

1. home

2. About the pain

3. Periodic pain

August 30, 2021
Period pain

Many women are told about the imminent onset of menstruation not only
calendar, but also the appearance of premenstrual symptoms, which can
disrupt the habitual way of life. One of the symptoms is pain and aches in the muscles.
Let’s find out why there is muscle pain before and during menstruation,
what else can cause such complaints and how you can alleviate the condition.

Why does the whole body hurt during menstruation?

Pain during menstruation is a common phenomenon, its frequency
reaches 90% ¹ . In addition to the classic menstrual pains in
abdomen, women may experience pain in the joints, lower extremities, back
and muscles, feeling of numbness of hands and feet, coldness
limbs ^2.14 . For some, pain may occur sporadically, and
some are stalked throughout their reproductive
age ⁹ . Causes of muscle pain and body aches during menstruation
may be different.

During adolescence and young age

Relative hyperestrogenism

excess estrogen against the background of insufficient production of progesterone ³ . Estrogens
increase uterine contractions, while progesterone, on the contrary, inhibits
excessive contractile activity. With a lack in the body
progesterone increases the action of prostaglandins, which cause spasm
myometrium and muscles of other pelvic organs. Prostaglandins work
on nerve endings, due to which susceptibility to pain is greatly
increases ^3.4 . This is the mechanism of development, the so-called primary dysmenorrhea,
which usually occurs in adolescence 1-3 years after
menarche, with the onset of ovulation ² .

Vitamin deficiency

Vitamin D deficiency has been shown to cause myopathy (muscle damage)
¹⁵ . Atrophy of individual muscle groups can provoke
mechanical stress in intact muscles due to their overload, which can
be the basis for the formation of pain zones in the muscles ¹⁵ . Besides,
increased perception of pain may be due to a lack of B vitamins
B, which normally have a neuroprotective, sedative and analgesic effect
action ^16.17 .

Weak connective tissue syndrome

May be associated with congenital or acquired magnesium deficiency ¹⁸ .
Magnesium deficiency is possible with hyperestrogenism, when the mineral is intensely
washed out of the bone tissue. Violation of magnesium metabolism leads to an increase
the rate of collagen breakdown, which occurs with connective dysplasia
fabric, which in 9times the risk of developing primary dysmenorrhea
for girls ⁶ .

Risk factors for developing muscle pain during
dysmenorrhea characteristic of adult age

Gynecological pathology and previous
operations . A common cause of muscle pain, especially affecting
pelvic floor muscles, is a gynecological pathology ⁸ . At
this chronic pain is localized in the lower abdomen, lower back, in
region of the sacrum. Pain can spread to muscles and fascia from the focus
inflammation or endometriosis in the pelvis, causing symptoms of secondary
dysmenorrhea ^{2. 9} .

Chronic inflammatory process of small organs
pelvis can lead to secondary endocrine disorders, decrease
progesterone synthesis and lowering the threshold of pain sensitivity due to
prolonged existence of pain ⁹ .

Degenerative diseases of the lumbosacral
spine section . If the lower spine is affected, then
pain can spread to the pelvic organs and legs. So, when involved in
pathological process of the lumbar roots pain, sensations
tingling, burning in the thighs, groin, lower abdomen, external
genitals, knees and legs. Muscle pain may accompany
osteochondrosis and other degenerative diseases of the lower part
spine. Due to pain, the muscle contracts, tenses, muscle
spasm, and the spasm makes the pain worse ¹⁰ .

Perimenopausal

Decrease in the level of sex hormones

In women during the menopausal transition, work gradually fades
ovaries, the number of follicles decreases, the production of female
sex hormones. Without estrogen, muscle mass decreases
fibers, degenerative processes begin in the muscles. Decreased muscle
strength, endurance, fatigue quickly appears. No estrogen protection
metabolism is disturbed: the sensitivity of muscle cells decreases
to glucose, lipid metabolism is disturbed, in the vessels that feed the muscles,
the process of fat deposition begins. Muscles starve without glucose
and against the background of insufficient blood circulation, processes are activated
oxidation, which is manifested by muscle pain and swelling ¹¹ .

Exacerbation of inflammatory diseases of the joints

During menstruation, the body releases inflammatory mediators:
prostaglandins, interleukins, cytokines, which can lead to
exacerbation of chronic musculoskeletal diseases. laboratory
C-reactive protein is an indicator of an acute inflammatory process.
(SRP). Its highest content is recorded during menstruation.
It has been observed that the more severe the menstrual symptoms
(especially mood swings and pain), the higher the content
SRP ¹² .

Osteoporosis

Articular and, consequently, muscle pain, may manifest
osteoporosis. Against the background of estrogen deficiency, bone metabolism is disturbed:
the process of its formation slows down, and its destruction is activated. In
Osteoporosis is more common during menopause than during other
life periods. Bone tissue is a storehouse of minerals, for example:
calcium, magnesium, phosphorus. Deficiency of these minerals can manifest
painful cramps in the calf muscles ¹¹ .

Premenstrual syndrome and body pain

PMS may present with muscle pain in combination with other symptoms.
The prevalence of PMS varies from 18% to 92%, and the age of the highest
vulnerability varies between 25 and 35 years ⁷ . As intended by nature,
for its optimal functioning, a mature female body must be under
well-coordinated and rather monotonous effect of sex hormones. This means,
that a woman from the beginning of menstruation to menopause must be either pregnant,
either by a nursing mother, and hormone fluctuations are allowed only for
conception ³ .

At present, such a large number
pregnancies are rare, so menstrual cycles are accompanied
sharp hormonal fluctuations ³ . premenstrual syndrome and
dysmenorrhea often coexist. Perhaps they are combined
general mechanisms of development, including the role of prostaglandins. Besides,
they are linked by psychosocial factors: dysmenorrhea pain
provokes negative thoughts that make them even more pronounced
manifestations of PMS ¹ .

PMS is more likely to develop in
women engaged in mental work, suffering from vegetative
dystonia, 4 times more often – with a lack of body weight ⁷ .

Classification
syndrome

Painful periods are not the norm, but a disease that is called
“dysmenorrhea”. Especially severe dysmenorrhea can occur accompanied by
premenstrual syndrome, when a set of painful, painful symptoms
expands. In addition, dysmenorrhea can act as a bright
a sign of other pathological processes in the body that are aggravated
during menstruation.

Dysmenorrhea occurs

² :

• Primary. Considered a functional disorder because
  no damage to the structure of the reproductive organs can be identified.
  May begin as early as adolescence, 1–3 years after the first
  menses.
• Secondary. Symptoms often appear several years after onset
  monthly. Secondary dysmenorrhea always has an organic cause –
  changes in the pelvic organs: inflammation, endometriosis, adhesions.
  The influence of external factors is not excluded, for example, the use
  intrauterine device, etc. ¹

Also manifestations of dysmenorrhea vary in severity

² :

• Mild — pain is mild, daily activity is not reduced.
• Moderate Significant pain, decreased daily activities,
  which can be maintained by taking painkillers.
• Severe – in addition to severe pain, there are other symptoms (headache
  pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, etc.). Painkillers are ineffective.

Treatment of dysmenorrhea

Treatment of dysmenorrhea using drugs in combination with non-drug
methods. Non-drug therapy should begin with lifestyle changes.
It is recommended to exclude psycho-emotional and physical overloads,
long (7-8 hours) night sleep, moderate physical activity is required
load. A good result is walking, jogging, cycling.
You can choose an activity according to your interests – dancing, step aerobics, yoga ^4,
7.14 .

Foods that contribute to fluid retention should be removed from the menu.
body (salt, sugar, alcohol), and to improve digestion it is worth
add complex carbohydrates (cereals, nuts, cereals) and fiber (vegetables,
fruit) ^{4, 7} :

Is it possible to self-medicate?

In most cases, without pharmacotherapy aimed at normalization
menstrual cycle and a decrease in the level of prostaglandins, bypass
not possible ¹² . For treatment to be effective, it is important
to establish the cause of pain, their nature and other features of the body.
Therefore, there is no need to postpone the visit to the doctor until later.

Drug treatment

Several groups are used to treat dysmenorrhea
preparations ^3.9 :

• multivitamins;
• preparations of magnesium;
• nonsteroidal analgesics;
• antispasmodics;
• hormonal preparations (combined oral contraceptives,
  gestagens) and others.

Although the treatment of muscle soreness should be individualized in
each case, it usually starts with painkillers. As
non-narcotic pain reliever (analgesic)
paracetamol has proven itself: it was effective as an emergency
to relieve acute pain, as well as in the long-term treatment of chronic
pain syndromes. According to scientific studies, paracetamol is not
inferior in analgesic effect to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory
drugs, but, unlike them, has a low risk of complications with
aspects of the cardiovascular and digestive systems ¹⁹ .

The combination of the antispasmodic drotaverine and the non-narcotic analgesic paracetamol acts selectively for spasm and specifically for pain ¹³ .

Read more

The main goal of dysmenorrhea care is to reduce or eliminate pain
lower abdomen. Paracetamol is considered the drug of choice for the treatment of pain in
menstruation ²⁰ Paracetamol blocks the formation of prostaglandins and
thus reducing the severity of pain sensations ¹³ .

As an adjunct to the treatment of dysmenorrhea to control pain caused by
spasm of smooth muscles, antispasmodics may be prescribed. Antispasmodic
drotaverine blocks excessive uterine contractions, improves blood circulation
organ, which may contribute to pain relief in dysmenorrhea ⁹ .

No-shpa® Duo contains
paracetamol and drotaverine, and therefore has a double action of an analgesic and
antispasmodic. No-shpa® Duo
Helps relieve symptoms of mild to moderate dysmenorrhea
gravity ¹³ .

Find out more about
No-shpa® Duo

find out

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sources

MAT-EN-2103226 – 3.0 – 03/2022

PMS – premenstrual syndrome.

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PRODUCTS

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joint pain before .