Bug bites: Symptoms and treatment

From mosquitoes to flies to fire ants, some of the biggest pests come in small sizes.

In many cases, bites from these types of insects are harmless and only cause temporary discomfort. Still, if you’ve ever had an itchy bug bite or a bug bite with swelling, you know just how bothersome bug bites can be. Learn how to identify and get relief from bug bites.

Identifying bug bites

It can be tricky telling what insect bit you. Here’s how to pinpoint other bug bites vs. mosquito bites:

• Mosquitoes: Mosquitoes usually lurk in humid, shaded areas near standing water, such as pools and lakes. Bites result in a stinging sensation followed by a red, itchy mound with a tiny puncture mark at the center.
• Flies: Flies are often found around garbage, food or animal waste. Their bites appear as painful, itchy bumps that may turn into small blisters.
• Fire ants: Fire ants are found on lawns, parks and pastures. They are usually found in southern states in the U.S. Their bite causes an immediate painful, burning sensation, followed by swelling. Cloudy fluid may develop inside the bite.
• Fleas: Fleas only tend to be a problem if you have a pet living in your home. They cause a group of small bites clustered together, typically on areas of your body where clothing fits tightly.
• Bed bugs: Bed bugs hide in beds, chairs, couches, between cushions and in the folds of curtains. They’re more likely to bite at night, and are more active in warm weather. They cause two or three itchy, red bumps in a row that may be topped with a blister.

Bug bite symptoms

Specific symptoms vary based on the type of insect that bit you. Bug bite symptoms can include:

• A small, raised or red bump(s)
• Pain
• Itching
• Swelling
• Blistering

Some people develop an allergic reaction to bug bites. However, allergies to stinging insects, like bees and wasps, are more common. If you have rashes from bug bites or any of these signs of an allergic reaction, seek medical help right away:

• Trouble breathing
• Hives (red bumps) on areas of your skin where you weren’t bitten
• Red, swollen bite that worsens
• Headache or dizziness
• Nausea or vomiting
• Chest pain
• Increased heart rate
• Swelling of your lips, tongue or face

Why do bug bites itch?

Some bugs inject venom into your skin when they bite you, causing an itching sensation. Mosquitoes leave their saliva behind when they bite, which also causes itchiness. Try not to scratch bug bites, because itching can lead to infection.

How long do bug bites last?

Bothersome symptoms from bug bites tend to only last a day or two.

Bug bite treatments

Here’s how to stop bug bites from itching and feeling painful:

• Gently clean bites with soap and water, taking special care not to break blisters.
• Apply a cool compress or ice pack to the affected area. This can help reduce swelling and pain.
• Apply an over-the-counter (OTC) anti-itching cream, such as calamine lotion or hydrocortisone, to the bite several times a day until symptoms go away. Or take an OTC oral antihistamine. Baking soda paste can be used as an alternative if you prefer home remedies for bug bites. Mix baking soda with water until you get a paste consistency and apply it directly to the bug bite.

Before you try other natural remedies such as essential oil for bug bites, talk to your healthcare provider. It isn’t known if certain oils will aggravate some bug bites.

See your healthcare provider if your bite looks like it’s getting worse or you cannot get itch relief. You should also contact your provider if you have signs of infectious bug bites, including redness, warmth, swelling or drainage at the site of the bite or a fever, so you can get treatment. In some cases, cellulitis, a bacterial infection that affects the skin and tissue underneath, can develop after a bug bite.

Bug bite prevention

Bites from mosquitoes, ticks and fleas can carry certain viruses or parasites that can make you sick. For example, there have been cases of West Nile virus and Zika virus in the U.S. from mosquitoes, and, in other parts of the world, mosquitoes can carry malaria and yellow fever. Ticks are known to spread Lyme disease and Rocky Mountain spotted fever. You can help protect yourself from mosquito, tick and flea bites and any harmful germs that they may carry by taking these actions:

• Stay out of tall grass and bushes
• Use an Environmental Protection Agency-registered insect repellent
• Wear light-colored, protective clothing that covers your arms and legs
• Tuck pants into socks when you go hiking

While many bug bites are nothing more than minor nuisances, see your healthcare provider if your bite gets worse or if you have signs of an allergic reaction or infected bug bite. Your provider can offer treatment recommendations so you can get relief.

Clinically reviewed and updated June 2021.

Sources:

1. https://www.aad.org/public/skin-hair-nails/injured-skin/bug-bites-and-stings

2. https://www.cdc.gov/mosquitoes/mosquito-bites/symptoms.html

3. https://www.healthychildren.org/English/health-issues/conditions/from-insects-animals/Pages/Identifying-Insect-Bites-and-Stings.aspx

4. https://www.mayoclinic.org/first-aid/first-aid-insect-bites/basics/art-20056593

5. https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/healthlibrary/conditions

6. https://www.sepsis.org/sepsis-and/cellulitis/

7. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/what-to-do-after-a-tick-bite-to-prevent-lyme-disease-beyond-the-basics

8. https://medlineplus.gov/bedbugs.html

9. https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/outdoor/mosquito-borne/default.html

10. https://familydoctor.org/condition/insect-borne-diseases/

Insect bites and stings Information | Mount Sinai

Bites and stings – insect; Stings and bites – insect

Signs and Symptoms

• Red, swollen, warm lump
• Hives
• Itching, tenderness, pain
• Sores from scratching; can become infected

Serious allergic reactions (called anaphylaxis):

• Difficulty breathing
• Dizziness
• Nausea
• Fever
• Muscle spasms
• Loss of consciousness

Causes

Stinging insects include bumblebees, yellow jackets, hornets, wasps, and fire and harvester ants. Biting insects include conenose bugs, mosquitoes, horseflies, deerflies, spiders, ticks, bedbugs, and black flies.

Prevention

• Try not to provoke insects. For example, avoid rapid, jerky movements around insect hives or nests.
• Avoid perfumes, lotions, and scented soaps.
• Avoid areas where you know insects are.
• Use insect repellants and protective clothing.
• Be careful when eating outdoors, especially with sweet drinks (such as sodas), or in areas near garbage cans.
• Make sure you have screens on all windows.
• Keep mosquito eggs from hatching by removing standing water.
• Avoid being outside at dawn and dusk, when mosquitoes are most active.
• Use citronella, linalool, and geraniol candles. In one study, citronella candles reduced the number of female mosquitoes caught in traps by 35%; linalool candles reduced female mosquitoes by 65%; and geraniol candles reduced female mosquitoes by 82%.

If you know that you have a serious allergy to an insect, carry an emergency epinephrine kit, or Epi-pen. Your doctor can prescribe one. If you have had a reaction in the past, make sure that friends and family members know how to use an Epi-pen if you have had a reaction in the past. Wear a medical ID bracelet. For those with allergies, venom immunotherapy is up to 98% effective in preventing sting anaphylaxis.

If you are traveling to an area where malaria is common, ask your doctor about a malaria vaccine.

You can prevent insect bites and stings with proper clothing:

• Cover your head. Wear a full brimmed hat to help shield your neck as well.
• Wear long-sleeved shirts and long pants.
• Tuck pant cuffs into socks. This helps protect your ankles, a common spot for bites or stings.
• Check your clothes and hair periodically for bugs.
• Use protective netting when sleeping or eating outdoors.

Applying insect repellent to your clothes instead of your skin can help prevent irritation. When in an area infested with mosquitoes, sand flies, or ticks, use a chemical insect repellent such as permethrin or DEET. DEET is the most effective and broadly used insect repellent. DO NOT apply insect repellent to sunburned skin. When applying both sunscreen and bug repellent, apply sunscreen first. Wait 30 minutes before applying bug repellent.

DO NOT use bug repellent on children’s hands because they may rub their eyes, or put their hands in their mouths.

Treatment Approach

In most cases, bites and stings can be easily treated at home. However, do not try to treat a suspicious bite on your own. When in doubt, call your doctor. In the case of a severe allergic reaction, such as anaphylaxis, you must seek emergency medical help. DO NOT try to treat anaphylaxis with complementary therapies alone. If such an emergency occurs:

• Check the person’s airway, breathing, and pulse. If necessary, begin CPR and call 9-1-1.
• Use the person’s Epi-pen or other emergency kit if they have one. (Anyone who has had a serious allergic reaction to an insect sting should carry an Epi-pen or its equivalent at all times.)
• Try to keep the person calm.
• Remove any rings and other constricting items in case of swelling.
• Stay with the person until medical help arrives.

Lifestyle

Redness, minor swelling, pain, or itching at the site of the bite generally go away within 3 to 7 days with no treatment, even if the affected area is large. To relieve your symptoms, follow these steps:

• Remove the stinger if it is still present by scraping the back of a credit card or other straight edged object across the stinger. DO NOT use tweezers to pull out the stinger, that may release more venom.
• Wash thoroughly with soap and water to avoid infection. Watch for signs of infection, such as increased redness or red streaking along your skin, over the next several days.
• Place an ice pack, wet compress, or ice wrapped in a cloth on the site of the sting for 10 minutes, then off for 10 minutes.
• Take an antihistamine or apply a cream that reduces itching (such as Calamine or Benadryl ointment) if the bite itches. You can also use a paste made of 3 parts baking soda to 1 part water.

Medications

• Antihistamines can be used to reduce itching and swelling.
• Topical corticosteroids for persistent bite reactions.
• If you develop an infection at the site of the bite, your doctor may prescribe antibiotics.
• In case of a severe reaction, emergency medical personnel may give intravenous (IV) antihistamines, injected corticosteroids, and epinephrine (adrenaline).

Nutrition and Dietary Supplements

Including certain nutrients in your diet may help support your immune system and possibly reduce any inflammation or allergic reaction from an insect bite or sting. There is no scientific evidence that they will be effective, so talk to your doctor before taking a supplement to make sure that it is safe for you and will not interact with any medications that you regularly take. DO NOT treat serious reactions with nutrition and dietary supplements alone.

• Quercetin. A flavonoid and antioxidant found in many plants that may help reduce allergic reactions. The water-soluble kind of quercetin, sometimes called hesperidin methylchalcone (HMC) or quercetin chalcone, is more easily absorbed and has stronger effects for some people.
• Vitamin C. Supports immune system function and also enhances the effect of quercetin.
• Omega-3 fatty acids (fish oil). May help reduce inflammation in the body, so some experts think they might also protect against severe allergic reactions. In one study, there was a lower death rate from anaphylactic shock in animals on a high omega-3 fatty acid diet compared to those on a high omega-6 fatty acid diet. Researchers do not know if the effects would be true of humans. More studies are needed. Omega-3 fatty acids can have a blood-thinning effect and should be used with caution in people with bleeding disorders or who use blood-thinning medications. Talk to your doctor.

Homeopathy

Few studies have examined the effectiveness of specific homeopathic remedies. A professional homeopath, however, may recommend one or more of the following treatments for insect bites and stings based on his or her knowledge and clinical experience. Before prescribing a remedy, homeopaths take into account a person’s constitutional type, includes their physical, emotional, and intellectual makeup. An experienced homeopath assesses all of these factors when determining the most appropriate remedy for a particular individual. DO NOT treat serious reactions with homeopathy alone.

• Apis mellifica. For stinging pains with rapid swelling and an affected area that is warm to the touch; this remedy is most appropriate for individuals who feel better with cold applications; Apis is recommended if hives are present or if Ledum does not reduce pain or swelling after 4 hours.
• Hypericum. For bites accompanied by sharp, shooting pains that often occur in sensitive areas, such as at the ends of fingers or toes.
• Ledum. Most commonly used homeopathic agent for bites and stings from bees, mosquitoes, wasps, or spiders; affected area is cold to the touch but cold applications or immersion in cold water improves symptoms.
• Staphysagria. For children with large, itchy mosquito bites that may create large welts.
• Urtica urens. For red, swollen bites with itching and stinging; may be used instead of Apis to treat hives.

Some essential oils may help repel insects. Dilute the oil before applying it to your skin. Never apply pure essential oils directly. Avoid contact with your eyes. These oils include:

• Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus)
• Clove (Eugenia caryophyllata)
• Citronella (Cymbopogon spp.)
• Neem oil or cream (Azadirachta indica)
• Camphor and menthol gels

Supporting Research

Auerbach: Wilderness Medicine. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Mosby; 2007.

Aberer E. What should one do in case of a tick bite? Curr Probl Dermatol. 2009;37:155-66.

Blumenthal M, Goldberg A, Brinckmann J, eds. Herbal Medicine: Expanded Commission E Monographs. Newton, MA: Integrative Medicine Communications; 2000;230-2, 379-34.

Boyle RJ, Elremeli M, Hockenhull J, et al. Venom immunotherapy for preventing allergic reactions to insect stings. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012;10:CD008838(1469-93X).

Cavanagh HM, Wilkinson JM. Biological activities of lavender essential oil. Phytother Res. 2002;16(4):301-8.

Elston D. Bolognia: Dermatology. 3rd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2012.

Fallatah SA, Khater EI. Potential of medicinal plants in mosquito control. [Review]. J Egypt Soc Parasitol. 2010;40(1):1-26. Review.

Ferri: Ferri’s Clinical Advisor 2016. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016.

Golden D. Insect Sting Anaphylaxis. Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America. 2007;27(2).

Govindarajan M. Ovicidal and repellent properties of Coccinia indica Wight and Arn. (Family:Cucurbitaceae) against three important vector mosquitoes. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2011;15(9):1010-9.

Katz TM, Miller JH, Herbert AA. Insect repellents: historical perspectives and new developments. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2008;58(5):865-71.

Lukwa N, Molgaard P, Mutambu SL, Musana BJ. Seven essential oils inhibit Anopheles arabiensis mosquito biting. Cent Afr J Med. 2002;48(11-12):141-3.

Mikulak E, Gliniewicz A, Krolasik A, Sawicka B, Rabezenko D. Evaluation of effectiveness of several repellents against mosquito bites available at the Polish market. Przegl Epidemiol. 2012;66(3):479-85.

Mingomataj EC, Bakiri AH, Ibranji A, Sturm GJ. Unusual reactions to hymenoptera stings: what should we keep in mind? Clin Rev Allergy Immunol. 2014;47(1):91-9.

Moore S, Mordue A, Logan J. Insect Bite Prevention. Infectious Disease Clinics of North America. Philadelphia, PA: W. B. Saunders Company. 2012;26(3).

Morsy TA. Insect bites and what is eating you? J Egypt Soc Parasitol. 2012;42(2):291-8.

Mueller GC, et al. Ability of essential oil candles to repel biting insects in high and low biting pressure environments. J Am Mosq Control Assoc. 2008;24(1):154-60.

Nerio LS, Olivero-Verbel J, Stashenko E. Repellent activity of essential oils: a review. Bioresour Technol. 2010;101(1):372-8.

Oyedele AO, Gbolade AA, Sosan MB, Adewoyin FB, Soyelu OL, Orafidiya OO. Formulation of an effective mosquito-repellent topical product from lemongrass oil. Phytomedicine. 2002;9(3):259-62.

Pitasawat B, Choochote W, Tuetun B, et al. Repellency of aromatic turmeric Curcuma aromatica under laboratory and field conditions. J Vector Ecol. 2003;28(2):234-40.

PPAV Working Groups. Personal protection against biting insects and ticks. Parasite. 2011;18(1):93-101.

Tawatsin A, Wratten SD, Scott RR, Thavara U, Techadamrongsin Y. Repellency of volatile oils from plants against three mosquito vectors. J Vector Ecol. 2001;26(1):76-82.

Trongtokit Y, Rongsriyam Y, Komalamisra N, Apiwathnasorn C. Comparative repellency of 38 essential oils against mosquito bites. Phytother Res. 2005;19(4):303-9.

Wilson MD, Osei-Atweneboana M, Boakye DA, et al. Efficacy of DEET and non-DEET-based insect repellents against bites of Simulium damnosum vectors of onchocerciasis. Med Vet Entomol. 2013;27(2):226-31.

Summer, shorts and…insects | Health

Insect bites are more relevant than ever for the summer season, when most representatives of the order of arthropods can be found literally anywhere where there is land and sunlight. The reaction of the skin during insect bites can be divided into several groups:

1. arising in response to the bite of insects sucking blood

2. developing when stinging and introducing insect poison into the human body

As for the first group, and this is more often In total, mosquitoes, then injecting their poison when piercing the skin, bites cause severe itching. Toddlers scratch the bite site and can even bring an infection into these scratches. As a result, the wounds become inflamed, can fester and hurt. There is also a category of children in whom mosquito bites cause allergies – the bite site swells, turns red and the itching becomes simply unbearable.

The second group includes stinging insects, such as bees, wasps, bumblebees, etc. The skin around the sting site quickly turns red, becomes swollen with throbbing pain. In some cases, body temperature may rise, sometimes nausea and headache are observed. But the most dangerous reaction is an allergy. The venom of these insects contains toxic substances that cause a decrease in blood pressure, swelling of the mucous membranes, respiratory failure and convulsions. In terms of severity, allergic reactions can be: mild (itchy rash on the skin), moderate (urticaria, nausea and vomiting), severe (dizziness and confusion join the symptoms). The most dangerous reaction is anaphylactic shock (a sharp decrease in blood pressure, weak pulse, suffocation and loss of consciousness).

When itchy spots or blisters appear on the child’s skin, or the bite is very swollen and itchy, it is most likely an allergy. Especially often such reactions occur on the skin of atopics. Octagel can be used as first aid for a severe reaction to insect bites. Components of plant and mineral origin help reduce itching, swelling and inflammation, soothe the skin, have antimicrobial, cooling and drying effects, accelerate its healing and prevent scarring.

– Ammonium glycyrrhizinate helps to reduce the intensity of itching and inflammation (swelling and redness of the skin), reduce the severity of allergic skin reactions

– Celery seed extract helps to reduce “intrusive” itching and skin irritation shells

– Polidocanol soothes the skin and has a local cooling effect

– Talc dries, reducing the amount of liquid discharge from scratches and wounds

– Allantoin accelerates skin healing and prevents scarring, has an antioxidant effect

– Calendula extract has an antimicrobial effect and helps reduce inflammation

– Glycerin helps to soften the skin

family, does not contain hormones , alcohol, dyes and parabens.

There are several ways to prevent severe reactions to insect bites:

· take antihistamines when insects are active

· wear loose, long-sleeved clothing

· use special sprays to repel arthropods in places where they accumulate

· have a first aid product on hand that will relieve discomfort immediately after application and will have a cooling effect, for example, Octagel.

Podolsky KVD | Official website of the Podolsky Dermatovenerological Dispensary

Doctors:

Information about medical workers

GAUZ MO “PKVD”

Full name	Position	Skill Category	Certificate	Education
Eltsova Natalya Vladimirovna	Chief Physician dermatovenereologist	Higher Dermatovenereology	Dermatovenereology 04/12/2019 0550270015119	Higher, 1998 Nizhny Novgorod State Medical Academy
Khamitsaeva Irina Romanovna	Department manager Dermatovenereologist	Higher Dermatovenereology	Dermatovenereology 12/21/2020 0550270022291	Higher, Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, 2000
Borisova Tatyana Timofeevna	Laboratory Manager Clinical Laboratory Diagnostic Physician	Higher Clinical lab. diagnostics	Clinical laboratory diagnostics 04/27/2022 7722 012316247	Higher, 1998g. Moscow Medical Academy named after I.M. Sechenov
Kozlova Evgenia Yurievna	Dermatovenereologist	Higher Dermatovenereology	Dermatovenereology 16.02.2018 0550270010045	Higher, 1997 Moscow Medical Dental Institute
Kirillova Natalya Ivanovna	Dermatovenereologist	Higher Dermatovenereology	Dermatovenereology 02/28/2022 7722 012438671	Higher, 1983 2nd Moscow State Medical Institute. N.I. Pirogov
Klimontova Tatyana Vladimirovna	Medical laboratory assistant	Higher Clinical lab. diagnostics	Clinical laboratory diagnostics 12/16/2019 1178270024845	Higher, 1994 Kemerovo State University
Lyamina Elena Vladimirovna	Dermatovenereologist, Candidate of Medical Sciences	Higher Dermatovenereology	Dermatovenereology 10/16/2020 0550270021262	Higher, 1996 Tver State Medical Academy
Samokhvalova Elena Viktorovna (maternity leave)	Dermatovenereologist	b/c	Dermatovenerology 01. 09.2017 0550270008008	Higher, SBEE HPE “Russian National Research Medical University. N.I. Pirogov” Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 2015.
Sityukov Yury Pavlovich	Dermatovenereologist	Higher Dermatovenereology	Dermatovenereology 10/16/2020 0550270021267	Higher, 1st Moscow Medical Institute named after I.M. Sechenov, 1989
Silakova Tatyana Aleksandrovna	Dermatovenereologist	Second category Dermatovenereology	Dermatovenereology 03/27/2017 0146040012791	Higher, 2011 SBEI HPE “Kursk State Medical University” Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation
Tsareva Ekaterina Dmitrievna	Dermatovenereologist	Higher Dermatovenereology	Dermatovenereology 12/28/2021 7721 012532219	Higher, 2004 GOU VPO Russian State Medical University
Ekaterina Muratova	Dermatovenereologist	b/c	Dermatovenereology 07/12/2021 772300188328	Higher, 2019 Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Russian National Research Medical University named after N. N. N.I. Pirogov” Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation 2019.
Skotareva Oksana Sergeevna	Dermatovenereologist	b/c	Dermatovenereology 04/27/2019 0177180856529	Higher, 2012 Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education “Oryol State Medical University
Bobrova Lyubov Lvovna	Dermatovenereologist	Higher Dermatovenereology	Dermatovenereology 10/18/2019 0550270017369	Higher, 1987 Kalinin State Medical Institute
Schmidt Svetlana Andreevna	Dermatovenereologist	b/c	Dermatovenereology 15.08.2022 7722 007674811	Higher 2020 Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry named after A.I. Evdokimov” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
Filatenkova Victoria Petrovna	Medical laboratory assistant	Graduate Clinical laboratory diagnostics	Clinical laboratory diagnostics 15. 03.2019 0177241849270	Higher, Siberian Order of the Red Banner of Labor Medical University, 1993
Pokotilova Olga Vladimirovna	Biologist	First Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics	Clinical laboratory diagnostics 12/15/2017 1178270005081	Higher, 2003 GOU VPO “Voronezh State University”
Kiseleva Anna Vladimirovna	dermatovenereologist	Highest qualification category 06/30/2021	1154242364138 from 04/02/2020	higher – GOU VPO “Oryol State University” 2004

Information about medical workers

GAUZ MO “PKVD”, providing paid medical services.

Full name	Position	Skill category	Certificate	Education
Bobrova Lyubov Lvovna	Dermatovenereologist	Higher Dermatovenereology	Dermatovenereology 10/18/2019 0550270017369	Higher, 1987 Kalinin State Medical Institute
Eltsova Natalya Vladimirovna	Chief Physician dermatovenereologist	Higher Dermatovenereology	Dermatovenereology 04/12/2019 0550270015119	Higher, 1998 Nizhny Novgorod State Medical Academy
Kozlova Evgenia Yurievna	Dermatovenereologist	Higher Dermatovenereology	Dermatovenereology 16. 02.2018 0550270010045	Higher, 1997 Moscow Medical Dental Institute
Kirillova Natalya Ivanovna	Dermatovenereologist	Higher Dermatovenereology	Dermatovenereology 28.02.2022 7722 012438671	Higher, 1983 2nd Moscow State Medical Institute. N.I. Pirogov
Lyamina Elena Vladimirovna	Dermatovenereologist, candidate of medical sciences	Higher Dermatovenereology	Dermatovenereology 10/16/2020 0550270021262	Higher, 1996 Tver State Medical Academy
Ekaterina Muratova	Dermatovenereologist	b/c	Dermatovenereology 07/12/2021 772300188328	Higher, 2019 Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Russian National Research Medical University named after N.N. N.I. Pirogov” Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation 2019.
Skotareva Oksana Sergeevna	Dermatovenereologist	b/c	Dermatovenereology 04/27/2019 0177180856529	Higher, 2012 Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education “Oryol State Medical University
Sityukov Yury Pavlovich	Dermatovenereologist	Higher Dermatovenereology	Dermatovenereology 10/16/2020 0550270021267	Higher, 1st Moscow Medical Institute named after I. Leave a Reply Cancel reply Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked * Comment * Name * Email * Website