What are the common symptoms of Effexor withdrawal. How long does Effexor withdrawal typically last. What strategies can help manage Effexor withdrawal symptoms. How does Effexor work in the brain. When should you seek medical advice for Effexor withdrawal.

Understanding Effexor: Mechanism of Action and Uses

Effexor, known generically as venlafaxine, is a widely prescribed antidepressant belonging to the class of serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs). This medication works by altering the balance of neurotransmitters in the brain, specifically serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine. By inhibiting the reabsorption of these crucial brain chemicals, Effexor helps to elevate mood, improve energy levels, and regulate sleep patterns.

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved Effexor for the treatment of several mental health conditions:

• Major depressive disorder (MDD)
• Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)
• Panic disorder
• Social anxiety disorder (social phobia)

Additionally, healthcare providers may prescribe Effexor off-label for various other conditions, including:

• Attention deficit disorder
• Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
• Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD)
• Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
• Fibromyalgia
• Diabetic neuropathy
• Complex pain syndromes
• Hot flashes
• Migraines

Recognizing Effexor Withdrawal Symptoms

Effexor withdrawal, also known as antidepressant discontinuation syndrome, can occur when a person abruptly stops taking the medication or misses a dose. The body becomes accustomed to the increased levels of neurotransmitters, and sudden changes can lead to a range of uncomfortable symptoms. Can Effexor withdrawal symptoms be severe? While generally not dangerous, these symptoms can be intense and disruptive to daily life.

Common Effexor withdrawal symptoms include:

• Irritability and mood swings
• Restlessness and agitation
• Nausea and vomiting
• Dizziness and vertigo
• Nightmares and vivid dreams
• Headaches, including migraines
• Confusion and disorientation
• “Brain zaps” (sensations of electric shocks in the brain)
• Prickly or tingling skin sensations
• Flu-like symptoms (fatigue, body aches)
• Excessive sweating
• Difficulty concentrating
• Worsening anxiety or depressive symptoms

The Timeline of Effexor Withdrawal

Understanding the timeline of Effexor withdrawal can help individuals better prepare for and manage their symptoms. How quickly do Effexor withdrawal symptoms appear? The onset and duration of withdrawal symptoms can vary from person to person, but a general timeline is as follows:

1. Onset: Some individuals report experiencing withdrawal symptoms as soon as 8-12 hours after their last dose.
2. Peak: Physical symptoms typically peak within 3-5 days of discontinuation.
3. Duration: Emotional symptoms may persist for 1-2 weeks or longer in some cases.

It’s important to note that this timeline can be influenced by factors such as the individual’s dosage, duration of treatment, and overall health. Are withdrawal symptoms more severe for those who have been on Effexor for a longer time? Generally, individuals who have been taking Effexor for an extended period or at higher doses may experience more pronounced withdrawal effects.

Strategies for Managing Effexor Withdrawal

Coping with Effexor withdrawal requires a multi-faceted approach. Here are some strategies that can help mitigate the symptoms and make the discontinuation process more manageable:

1. Gradual Tapering

The most effective way to minimize withdrawal symptoms is to work with a healthcare provider to develop a tapering schedule. This involves gradually reducing the dosage over time, allowing the body to adjust more slowly to the decreasing levels of the medication. How long should the tapering process take? The duration of tapering can vary, but it typically ranges from several weeks to a few months, depending on the individual’s circumstances.

2. Psychotherapy Support

Engaging in psychotherapy, particularly cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) or mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT), can be beneficial during the withdrawal process. These therapeutic approaches can help individuals develop coping strategies for managing emotional symptoms and reducing the risk of relapse into depression or anxiety.

3. Lifestyle Modifications

Implementing healthy lifestyle changes can significantly support the body and mind during Effexor withdrawal. Key areas to focus on include:

• Regular physical exercise
• Maintaining a balanced, nutritious diet
• Establishing good sleep hygiene
• Practicing stress-reduction techniques (e.g., meditation, deep breathing exercises)
• Avoiding alcohol and recreational drugs

The Importance of Medical Supervision During Withdrawal

Discontinuing Effexor or any antidepressant should never be done without medical guidance. Why is professional supervision crucial during Effexor withdrawal? Healthcare providers can:

• Assess the individual’s readiness to discontinue the medication
• Create a personalized tapering plan
• Monitor for severe withdrawal symptoms or signs of relapse
• Provide additional support or interventions as needed
• Adjust the tapering schedule if necessary

Attempting to quit Effexor “cold turkey” or without medical supervision can lead to more severe withdrawal symptoms and increase the risk of relapse into depression or anxiety.

Potential Complications and When to Seek Help

While Effexor withdrawal is generally not dangerous, certain situations may require immediate medical attention. When should you contact your healthcare provider during Effexor withdrawal? Seek help if you experience:

• Severe or persistent nausea and vomiting
• Intense dizziness or vertigo that affects your ability to function
• Suicidal thoughts or severe mood changes
• Confusion or disorientation that doesn’t improve
• Symptoms that significantly interfere with daily activities
• Any new or unusual symptoms not typically associated with withdrawal

It’s always better to err on the side of caution and consult with a healthcare professional if you’re unsure about the severity of your symptoms.

Long-term Considerations After Discontinuing Effexor

Successfully discontinuing Effexor doesn’t mark the end of the journey. What should individuals be mindful of after stopping Effexor? Several long-term considerations include:

1. Monitoring for Relapse

After discontinuing Effexor, it’s crucial to remain vigilant for signs of relapse into depression, anxiety, or other conditions for which the medication was prescribed. Early recognition of symptoms can lead to prompt intervention and prevent a full-blown episode.

2. Developing Coping Mechanisms

Without the support of medication, individuals may need to rely more heavily on non-pharmacological coping strategies. This might involve continued psychotherapy, stress management techniques, or lifestyle modifications to maintain mental health.

3. Regular Check-ins

Scheduling regular follow-up appointments with a healthcare provider can help ensure a smooth transition off the medication and provide an opportunity to address any ongoing concerns or emerging symptoms.

4. Alternative Treatments

For some individuals, discontinuing Effexor may reveal the need for alternative treatments or medications. Working closely with a healthcare provider can help identify the most appropriate next steps if symptoms persist or return.

Understanding the process of Effexor withdrawal and implementing effective coping strategies can significantly ease the transition off the medication. By prioritizing medical supervision, gradual tapering, and holistic support, individuals can navigate this challenging period with greater confidence and minimize the impact on their daily lives. Remember, every person’s experience with Effexor withdrawal is unique, and patience and perseverance are key to a successful discontinuation process.

Effexor Withdrawal: Symptoms and What You Need To Know

Withdrawal doesn’t only happen if you quit smoking, give up alcohol or recreational drugs.

Some prescription medications, including the antidepressant medication Effexor, can cause a number of withdrawal symptoms if you miss a dose or abruptly stop taking it. 

This isn’t a reason to avoid Effexor (the brand name of the medication venlafaxine).

However, if you use the antidepressant, follow your doctor’s instructions for taking it and, if you wish to change your dose or discontinue the medication, talk to your healthcare provider about how best to do so.

In this article, we’ll discuss what Effexor is and how it works.

Then we’ll dive into the symptoms of withdrawal and the timeline for those effects.

Lastly, we’ll share tips for coping with Effexor withdrawal.

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What Is Effexor?

Effexor is the brand name of the antidepressant venlafaxine.

It belongs to a class of prescription drugs called serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs).

Effexor is available as an immediate-release tablet or as an extended-release tablet called Effexor XR.

Effexor uses

Effexor has FDA (Food and Drug Administration) approval for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), panic disorder, and social anxiety disorder (sometimes called social phobia). 

When appropriate, a healthcare provider may prescribe Effexor off-label to treat:

• Attention deficit disorder
• Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
• Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD)
• Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD
• Fibromyalgia
• Diabetic neuropathy
• Complex pain syndromes
• Hot flashes
• Migraine

How Effexor works

Although researchers are still working to understand the roots of depression and anxiety, many believe that the medical conditions are connected to the bioavailability of neurotransmitters like serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine.

In addition to emotional well-being, these brain chemicals affect memory, sleep function, appetite, metabolism, and other functions. 

Effexor blocks how quickly your body reabsorbs serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine, leading to higher levels in the brain and improving mood, energy, and sleep.

Symptoms of Effexor Withdrawal

When you take any antidepressant medication, after time, your body becomes used to the resulting increased level of neurotransmitters in the brain.

So if you stop taking Effexor or any other antidepressant too quickly, it can cause a cluster of symptoms called antidepressant discontinuation syndrome.

Generally speaking, antidepressant discontinuation syndrome causes uncomfortable but not serious side effects.

Effexor withdrawal symptoms are similar to those of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) but can be notably more intense.

Symptoms include: 

• Irritability
• Restlessness
• Nausea or vomiting
• Dizziness
• Nightmares
• Headache
• Confusion
• Brain zaps (a feeling of electric shocks in the brain)
• Prickly skin sensations
• Flu-like symptoms
• Sweating
• Difficulty concentrating
• Worsening anxiety or symptoms of depression
• Fatigue

Discontinuation symptoms can develop quickly.

If you forget an Effexor dose and begin to experience adverse effects, take your medicine as soon as possible (unless it’s close to the time or your next dose) or seek medical advice.

Do not drive or operate heavy machinery while you feel disoriented or have other severe symptoms.

Timeline for Effexor Withdrawal

Every person is different.

Some experience Effexor discontinuation syndrome more quickly than others: A portion of people report experiencing withdrawal symptoms in as little as 8-12 hours after their last dose.

Physical symptoms can last 3-5 days, and emotional symptoms may continue for up to 1-2 weeks. 

Tips for Coping With Effexor Withdrawal

If you wish to reduce your Effexor dose or discontinue the medication entirely, talk to your doctor or medical professional.

If they give their approval, you can take action to reduce the chances of experiencing adverse effects. 

Closely follow the taper dosage

Your healthcare can help you manage your withdrawal period by tapering your prescription to gently yet quickly decrease your dependence on the drug.

Follow their instructions carefully. Failure to do so can lead to uncomfortable symptoms. 

Try psychotherapy

Studies show that cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) or mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) may help patients quit antidepressants without increasing the risk of a relapse or new episode of depression.

Your healthcare provider may be able to refer you to therapists who are experienced in helping patients wean off of antidepressants.

Lifestyle changes

Implementing healthy lifestyle changes by getting regular physical activity, eating a healthy diet, sleeping well, and reducing stress may help you manage your mood and reduce your risk of developing symptoms of Effexor withdrawal. 

Over-the-counter medications

A few OTC medications may help remedy some symptoms of antidepressant discontinuation syndrome:

• Pain relievers such as ibuprofen (Advil) and acetaminophen (Tylenol) can help manage body aches.  
• Anti-nausea medication may help reduce GI discomfort.
• Sleep aids may help promote quality rest.

Keep in communication with your healthcare provider

Work with your doctor to create a discontinuation plan.

Then when you begin tapering your medication, contact them at any time if you experience withdrawal symptoms or need health advice or support.

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When to See a Doctor

If you are interested in discontinuing Effexor, talk to your healthcare provider.

They can work with you to ease you off of Effexor and reduce your chances of uncomfortable side effects. 

If you take Effexor and experience any unexpected symptoms—including high fever, seizure, heart palpitations, or loss of consciousness—you may have serotonin syndrome.

Call your doctor or go to the nearest hospital for medical treatment. 

Very rarely, patients develop an allergic reaction to Effexor.

If you experience rash, tingling skin, difficulty breathing or speaking, or swelling in your face, lips, tongue, or throat, you may have a life-threatening condition called anaphylaxis.

Call 911 or go to your nearest emergency room.

How K Health Can Help

Think you might need a prescription for Effexor (Venlafaxine)?

K Health has clinicians standing by 24/7 to evaluate your symptoms and determine if Effexor is right for you.

Get started with our free assessment, which will tell you in minutes if treatment could be a good fit. If yes, we’ll connect you right to a clinician who can prescribe medication and have it shipped right to your door.

Frequently Asked Questions

How long do withdrawals last from Effexor?

While everyone is different, most people with discontinuation symptoms experience discomfort for 1–2 weeks before their symptoms fade away.

Why is Effexor withdrawal so bad?

Effexor affects brain chemistry: It increases the levels of neurotransmitters, which leads to changes in mood, appetite, and sleep. When you stop taking Effexor, your brain chemistry has to adjust. This can cause uncomfortable physical and emotional side effects.

How long does withdrawal from venlafaxine take?

Some patients report feeling the effects of withdrawal from venlafaxine (Effexor) within 8-12 hours after their last dose. Usually those symptoms last a few weeks before tapering off completely.

How do you survive Effexor withdrawal?

Effexor withdrawal is uncomfortable but not medically dangerous. If you are discontinuing your medication and feel ill, talk to your doctor. In addition to tapering your prescription slowly, they can recommend over-the-counter treatment options and lifestyle changes that can help remedy any adverse side effects of withdrawal.

K Health articles are all written and reviewed by MDs, PhDs, NPs, or PharmDs and are for informational purposes only. This information does not constitute and should not be relied on for professional medical advice. Always talk to your doctor about the risks and benefits of any treatment.

K Health has strict sourcing guidelines and relies on peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions,
and medical associations. We avoid using tertiary references.

• Brain 5-HT Deficiency Increases Stress Vulnerability and Impairs Antidepressant Responses Following Psychosocial Stress. (2015).
  https://www.pnas.org/content/112/8/2557

• The Neurobiology of Depression—Revisiting the Serotonin Hypothesis. I. Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms. (2012).
  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3405681/

• Relationship of Neurotransmitters to the Symptoms of Major Depressive Disorder. (2008)
  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18494537/

• Venlafaxine. (2021).
  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK535363/

• Venlafaxine (Effexor). (2020).
  https://www.nami.org/About-Mental-Illness/Treatments/Mental-Health-Medications/Types-of-Medication/Venlafaxine-(Effexor)

• Venlafaxine and Serious Withdrawal Symptoms: Warning to Drivers. (2005).
  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1681629/

• Venlafaxine Withdrawal Syndrome. (2011).
  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21448114/

• Venlafaxine XR Therapy for Major Depression and Anxiety Disorders. The Clinical Implications That Its Advantages Pose. (1999).
  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19667502/

Effexor Withdrawal: Symptoms & Timeline

Last Updated:October 27, 2022

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Effexor (venlafaxine) is notorious for causing uncomfortable withdrawal symptoms, known as “antidepressant discontinuation syndrome. ” Effexor is generally prescribed starting at 75 mg per day, but the max dose can range from 225 mg daily to 375 mg daily, depending on the dosage form of the drug. Skipping doses of Effexor or quitting the drug cold turkey, especially at higher doses, can lead to unpleasant withdrawal symptoms. For this reason, it’s important to take Effexor exactly as your doctor prescribes.

Effexor Withdrawal

When your body becomes used to a substance, suddenly stopping it can cause withdrawal symptoms. Someone who abruptly stops taking Effexor may start to experience withdrawal symptoms 8–12 hours after the last dose. Effexor withdrawal symptoms usually resolve within two weeks. 

The most reliable way to prevent or minimize withdrawal symptoms is to gradually taper the Effexor dose over a minimum of two weeks, although a longer taper may be needed. No matter what, it is important to taper Effexor under a doctor’s supervision, especially if you are taking Effexor for a mental health condition like depression. Suddenly stopping Effexor while leaving your mental health untreated may be dangerous.

Effexor Withdrawal Symptoms

Among antidepressants, Effexor is one of the most difficult to quit. Antidepressant discontinuation syndrome (ADS) is characterized by a variety of withdrawal symptoms that occur because of physical dependence. Dependence develops with the regular use of antidepressants. Though it usually develops in six weeks or more, it can develop within just three weeks in some cases.

The presence and severity of Effexor withdrawal symptoms do not seem to be correlated with dose. Currently, it is impossible to reliably predict who will experience symptoms of ADS.

*The information we provide is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Consult your doctor if you have any questions or concerns regarding your medications.

You might also like: Mixing Concerta and Alcohol: Effects and Risks

Effexor Brain Zaps

Venlafaxine has one of the highest rates of “brain zap” frequency associated with antidepressant discontinuation. Brain zaps are an electric shock sensation that may also include visual disturbances. Doctors are not sure why this phenomenon occurs. Although this symptom resolves quickly in most people, others experience brain zaps for months or years.

Other Effexor Withdrawal Symptoms

Other common Effexor withdrawal symptoms can be uncomfortable or even debilitating, including:

• Vertigo
• Electric shock sensations in hands or feet
• Nausea
• Lethargy
• Flu-like symptoms
• Loss of coordination
• Anxiety
• Irritability
• Vivid dreams
• Insomnia

Effexor Withdrawal Timeline

The Effexor withdrawal timeline can vary. Symptoms typically begin as early as 12 hours after the last dose and generally resolve within one to two weeks. Because Effexor has a half-life of four hours, it is completely out of the system within a day. Antidepressants with longer half-lives stay in the body for longer amounts of time and may limit the onset and severity of ADS.

Factors Affecting Effexor Withdrawal

ADS typically affects about 20% of people who abruptly stop antidepressant use. However, Effexor may have a somewhat higher rate of ADS frequency — possibly up to 34%. There is currently no reliable way to predict the occurrence of ADS or its severity. Studies have even shown that higher Effexor doses are not predictive of ADS development.

A number of studies have shown that people who taper off of Effexor are significantly less likely to experience ADS, and their symptoms are milder and resolve more quickly compared to people who abruptly stop taking Effexor.

Effexor Withdrawal Treatment

The most reliable way to prevent Effexor withdrawal is to work with your doctor to develop a tapering regime. If you abruptly stop taking Effexor and are experiencing withdrawal symptoms, the only proven way to relieve them is to resume taking Effexor and gradually taper the dose with your doctor. Some studies have shown that cognitive behavioral therapy or mindfulness-based therapies can help people better manage their symptoms.

Medical Detox

Medical detox is not required for Effexor withdrawal, but people with ADS could find success in a rehab center that can help them taper off Effexor safely while providing behavioral therapy and other treatment. 

People who take Effexor along with other substances may benefit from a medical detox to avoid withdrawal complications. This is especially true if you take Effexor for a mental health condition, which can worsen withdrawal symptoms.

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How to Taper Off Effexor

Anyone who is considering quitting Effexor or other antidepressants should consult with a medical professional. Several studies have shown that the best way to prevent ADS and withdrawal symptoms is to gradually discontinue use. 

An Effexor taper schedule may vary from person to person, but a general guideline is to reduce the Effexor dose by 10 mg every two weeks, for a minimum of four weeks. Your doctor can work with you to develop an appropriate tapering schedule that is most effective for your unique situation.

Effexor Withdrawal Remedies

There are no verified remedies for Effexor withdrawal. If you stop Effexor and start to notice withdrawal symptoms, talk to your prescriber immediately. They may be able to restart you on Effexor or another antidepressant, which can resolve your withdrawal.

In addition, it is important to focus on your health, as this may ease withdrawal symptoms. Some tips include:

• Eat a nutritious diet
• Stay well-hydrated 
• Consider regular, light exercise, like yoga
• Consider therapy or counseling, especially if you were taking Effexor for a mental health condition

Alternative Treatments for Effexor Withdrawal

Cross-tapering may be an effective method to prevent or minimize Effexor ADS symptoms. Cross-tapering involves transitioning from high doses of Effexor to another antidepressant, often duloxetine, that has a similar makeup. However, there is a risk of serotonin syndrome if cross-tapering is done incorrectly. A “wash-out” period of approximately five half-lives — about 20 hours for Effexor —  must be done before starting another medication that inhibits serotonin reuptake.

Outpatient Treatment for Effexor Withdrawal

Outpatient rehab programs that offer cognitive behavioral therapies and other forms of psychotherapy may help people experiencing Effexor withdrawal symptoms. Behavioral therapies are also likely to be incredibly beneficial for people who are concerned about experiencing a recurrence of depression or anxiety.

Detoxing From Effexor at Home

Many people who stop using Effexor, either abruptly or with a taper, do so at home. Since quitting abruptly can increase the risk of ADS, it’s essential to follow your doctor’s advice when it comes to quitting Effexor and home and managing side effects. This includes having a friend or loved one available for support, or to help identify mood changes that can come from stopping an antidepressant. 

Finding a Detox Center

If you are concerned about Effexor ADS, it is advised to follow a tapering regimen under the care of medical professionals. Look for a rehab facility that has experience with tapering clients off of antidepressants and provides cognitive behavioral therapy.

What is withdrawal syndrome, or How to quit bad habits without consequences

Breaking bad habits requires tremendous willpower. But when you do this, not only willpower is a huge test, your body is also experiencing severe stress. This problem is solved the old fashioned way, by the principle of clenching your teeth and enduring until you let go. This tactic may work, but you are just as likely to experience withdrawal. We tell you how to survive it and – if possible – avoid it.

How withdrawal syndrome manifests itself

Withdrawal syndrome is a group of symptoms that manifests itself when a person abruptly refuses substances to which the body is accustomed. It can be alcohol, nicotine, drugs. When it comes to psychoactive substances, the withdrawal syndrome is called withdrawal syndrome, or, in the common people, withdrawal.

Symptoms in this case are divided into two groups: physiological and psychological, according to the degree and intensity of their manifestation, we can talk about a possible risk to human health.

Mild withdrawal syndrome

Moderate withdrawal syndrome

Severe withdrawal syndrome

The intensity of the symptoms and their duration depend on the general clinical picture, the psychological characteristics of the person and the “severity” of the substances that he refuses. So, refusing nicotine or coffee, a person can only experience irritability and headaches, and refusing alcohol can go both easily and in severe form with hallucinations – the infamous “squirrel”.

What causes these symptoms?

At first glance and sensations, it seems that the body simply starts acting up, like an indignant teenager, and threatens to turn on a self-destruction program if it is not immediately given a cup of coffee, a cigarette or an antidepressant pill (or maybe something more serious). But in fact, at the moment when you refuse a substance or drug, many body systems experience tremendous stress and learn to work again. They have to independently produce substances that they are used to receiving from outside.

Physically addictive substances have analogues that the human body can produce itself: hormones and neurotransmitters.

Substances from the outside are called antagonists, they attach to the receptors that hormones and mediators use to transmit signals, and thus “deceive” the brain

» by dopamine receptors — responsible for the pleasure and reward system, and endorphin — which, in addition to pleasure, also increases the pain threshold.

Habituation and dependence arise at the moment when the brain evaluates and compares the energy costs for the independent production of the desired mediator and for obtaining an antagonist from the outside. The body relies on a constant supply of substances from the outside and, as a result, reduces its own production of mediators.

How to overcome and prevent withdrawal

In some cases, withdrawal can be overcome by gradually reducing the dose of the substance. This strategy works with many prescription drugs, and nicotine patch makers have made their fortunes on it. If you plan to abruptly discontinue the drug, it should be agreed with the doctor you are seeing.

But if you do happen to experience withdrawal, here are a few things to help you overcome it.

Comfort zone

When the body goes through stress, there is no need to expose it to even more irritating effects. You may need both a physical comfort zone (for example, a bed where you can lie down) and an emotional one. The support of loved ones will come in handy more than ever. It can even be expressed in the fact that they will not drink coffee or smoke in front of you.

Proper nutrition, plenty of fluids and sleep

This will help the body recover faster and begin to function normally. At the very least, you will be able to overcome tremors and nausea faster.

Distraction

This will help you avoid obsessive thoughts or anxiety. Watch movies, read books, scroll through social media until you hit rock bottom, or listen to podcasts.

If withdrawal symptoms are severe, you may need medical advice or medication support. Don’t trust everything to willpower alone.

Alexandra Ivanitskaya

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#well-being

#science

#erudition

What is withdrawal syndrome and how to overcome it

Likbez

Health

December 10, 2019

Abruptly quitting a bad habit can kill you.

The state of withdrawal Perhaps the term “withdrawal syndrome” does not mean anything to you. But you are probably familiar with the word “breaking”. The painful physical sensations experienced by a drug addict who has lost his habitual drug is a well-known thing.

Abstinence (the second name for withdrawal) can also be caused by substances that are much more harmless at first glance, for example, some drugs.

Lifehacker found out everything about the withdrawal syndrome, its possible consequences, and how to get rid of it.

What is the withdrawal syndrome and where does it come from

The withdrawal syndrome is always associated with the formed dependence. At some point, a person decides (or is forced) to give up the usual dose of one or another substance, on which his brain has “hooked” for weeks, months, or even years of use, and a panic begins in the organ. However, not in a vacuum.

Psychoactive substances change how the brain works. For example, they increase the activity of some receptors, which increases the production of hormones – the same “pleasure hormone” dopamine or exciting adrenaline. There is also an increase in the level of certain neurotransmitters – excitatory or, on the contrary, relaxing. All this, combined with other reactions, leads to a simple thing: the brain, which is constantly fed with a psychoactive substance, stops regulating an adequate amount of hormones and neurotransmitters on its own.

Well, really, why work? After all, the owner will drink or take a pill – and with hormones everything will become fine by itself.

When the time comes for regular use of a psychoactive substance, but the coveted powder (conditionally) is not there, everything becomes bad. The body needs the usual doses of hormones and neurotransmitters. But the brain is unable to produce them. This severe imbalance between “I want” and “I can” leads to a whole range of physical and emotional consequences.

Which substances cause withdrawal syndrome

It’s not just drugs, although you can’t do without them. The five most addictive substances are:

• Heroin and other opiates.
• Cocaine.
• Nicotine.
• Barbiturates are sedatives and hypnotics based on barbituric acid.
• Alcohol. By the way, it is called the most dangerous drug in the world – based on the speed of addiction, and on the impact on the body as a whole, and on the severity of withdrawal that occurs when trying to give up alcohol abuse.

This list is certainly not complete. Some antidepressants, psychostimulants, antipsychotics, benzodiazepine tranquilizers, and “harmless” drugs such as marijuana and ecstasy also cause addiction, which is fraught with withdrawal syndrome.

How to recognize the withdrawal syndrome

The symptoms vary depending on which substance is lacking in the body. Withdrawal of some drugs causes severe physical discomfort. The lack of others makes itself felt not so much physically as mentally.

In general, there are 10 most common signs of withdrawal.

Mental symptoms of withdrawal syndrome:

• Anxiety. This includes anxiety, irritability, panic attacks.
• Depressed mood. A person suffering from withdrawal wants only one thing: to be left behind. It’s impossible to cheer him up. He is constantly “too tired”.
• Sleep problems. Any: insomnia, nightmares, the need to sleep for days on end.
• Cognitive impairment. Memory impairment, inability to concentrate.

Physical withdrawal symptoms:

• Dizziness, headache.
• Chest tightness, labored breathing.
• Heart rhythm disturbances, fast or irregular heartbeat.
• Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain.
• Muscle tension. Including convulsions, tremor (trembling) of the limbs, muscle pain, as with the flu.
• Sweating, numbness and tingling of the skin of the hands and feet.

Why withdrawal syndrome is dangerous

Sometimes – nothing but a few days (sometimes weeks) of physical malaise and psychological discomfort. For example, this is how quitting antidepressants or smoking manifests itself. But in some cases, withdrawal can be so powerful that it poses a real threat to life.

The most dangerous physical symptoms appear with a sharp withdrawal from alcohol and tranquilizers, which were previously taken regularly and in large doses. It can lead to seizures, stroke or heart attack, and in the case of alcohol – even to the development of meth-alcohol psychosis, better known as delirium tremens.

How to overcome the withdrawal syndrome

Considering the possible consequences, withdrawal from an addictive drug, as well as gestures such as “quit I smoke”, should be coordinated with your doctor or at least with a therapist. The doctor will tell you how to go through the withdrawal period with minimal discomfort.

If you don’t have serious health problems, just a comfortable environment will most likely help:

• a quiet, peaceful bedroom where you can lie down while your body recovers;
• soft low lighting;
• limited human contact;
• support from loved ones;
• healthy food and plenty of fluids.

But at the same time it is necessary to carefully monitor your well-being. If during the withdrawal period blood pressure rises, tachycardia (accelerated, uneven heartbeat) is observed, body temperature rises and, moreover, convulsions and hallucinations appear, call an ambulance. You may need hospital treatment.