How does lupus affect emotional health. What are the main triggers for stress in lupus patients. How can lupus patients effectively manage their emotions and stress. What coping tools and strategies are most beneficial for emotional health with lupus. Where can lupus patients find support for emotional wellbeing.

Understanding Emotions and Their Impact on Lupus

Emotions play a crucial role in the lives of individuals with lupus, affecting their quality of life, sense of identity, and relationships. For those living with this chronic autoimmune disease, managing emotions becomes particularly important as lupus flares can intensify already heightened feelings. Without effective coping mechanisms, handling these intense emotions can be challenging.

But what exactly are emotions? An emotion is a complex state of consciousness that triggers physical and psychological changes, influencing thoughts and behaviors. Emotions exist on a spectrum and include feelings such as fear, sadness, anger, joy, shame, guilt, and many others. It’s important to note that no emotion is inherently better or worse than another – they all serve a purpose in our lives.

The Interplay Between Lupus and Emotions

Lupus has a significant impact on emotions, and conversely, emotions can affect lupus symptoms and overall health. The unpredictable nature of lupus flares, along with pain and fatigue, can have a compounding effect on emotional wellbeing. Additionally, medications used to manage lupus may cause mood swings or emotions that differ from what an individual typically experiences.

How does stress specifically affect lupus patients? Coping with an unpredictable illness like lupus is inherently stressful. Patients may experience anxiety about future flares and remissions. Importantly, stress itself can contribute to lupus flares, creating a potential cycle of stress and symptom exacerbation.

Identifying Stress Triggers in Lupus Patients

Understanding the types of stress and identifying personal triggers is crucial for effective stress management in lupus patients. There are two main types of stress to be aware of:

• Acute stress: This occurs in response to immediate challenges or threats, such as deadlines, minor illnesses, or arguments.
• Chronic stress: This develops over an extended period and may result from ongoing pressures like financial concerns, family issues, or long-term health problems.

While a certain amount of stress can be beneficial, prolonged exposure to stress hormones like cortisol, adrenaline, and norepinephrine can negatively impact physical and emotional health. For lupus patients, it’s particularly important to recognize and address sources of chronic stress.

Common Stress Triggers for Lupus Patients

What are some common stress triggers specific to lupus patients? Here are a few examples:

• Uncertainty about future flares
• Physical pain and fatigue
• Medication side effects
• Changes in appearance due to lupus or treatments
• Financial concerns related to medical expenses
• Relationship challenges due to the impact of the disease

Identifying personal stress triggers is the first step in developing effective coping strategies. Keeping a journal to track stressors and emotional responses can be helpful in this process.

Effective Stress Management Techniques for Lupus Patients

Managing stress is crucial for lupus patients to maintain both physical and emotional wellbeing. Here are some effective stress management techniques that can be particularly beneficial:

Mindfulness and Meditation

Practicing mindfulness and meditation can help reduce stress and improve emotional regulation. These techniques involve focusing on the present moment and cultivating a non-judgmental awareness of thoughts and feelings. Regular practice can lead to reduced anxiety and improved overall wellbeing.

Physical Activity

Engaging in regular, gentle exercise can help reduce stress and improve mood. Low-impact activities such as swimming, yoga, or walking can be particularly beneficial for lupus patients. Always consult with a healthcare provider before starting a new exercise regimen.

Sleep Hygiene

Maintaining good sleep habits is crucial for managing stress and lupus symptoms. Establish a consistent sleep schedule, create a relaxing bedtime routine, and ensure your sleep environment is comfortable and conducive to rest.

Stress-Reduction Techniques

Simple stress-reduction techniques can be incredibly effective. For example, the conscious yawning exercise mentioned in the original text can increase oxygen content in the body, reduce stress, and promote relaxation. Another technique is the 4-7-8 breathing method, which involves inhaling for 4 counts, holding the breath for 7 counts, and exhaling for 8 counts.

Building a Support Network for Emotional Wellbeing

Having a strong support network is crucial for managing the emotional challenges of living with lupus. How can lupus patients build and maintain an effective support system?

Professional Support

Working with mental health professionals, such as therapists or counselors experienced in chronic illness management, can provide valuable tools and strategies for coping with the emotional aspects of lupus. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) can be particularly beneficial.

Support Groups

Joining lupus support groups, either in-person or online, can provide a sense of community and understanding. Sharing experiences with others who face similar challenges can be incredibly validating and provide practical coping strategies.

Family and Friends

Educating close family members and friends about lupus and its emotional impact can help build a stronger support system. Open communication about needs and limitations can foster understanding and more effective support.

Developing Emotional Resilience with Lupus

Emotional resilience is the ability to adapt to stressful situations and bounce back from adversity. For lupus patients, developing emotional resilience can significantly improve quality of life and ability to cope with the challenges of the disease.

Cultivating a Positive Mindset

While it’s important to acknowledge and process difficult emotions, focusing on positive aspects of life can help build resilience. Practicing gratitude, setting achievable goals, and celebrating small victories can contribute to a more positive outlook.

Self-Compassion

Learning to treat oneself with kindness and understanding, especially during difficult times, is crucial for emotional resilience. Self-compassion involves recognizing that everyone faces challenges and that it’s okay to struggle sometimes.

Adaptive Coping Strategies

Developing a toolkit of adaptive coping strategies can help manage stress and emotions more effectively. This might include problem-solving techniques, relaxation methods, or creative outlets for emotional expression.

The Role of Lifestyle Choices in Emotional Health with Lupus

Lifestyle choices can significantly impact emotional wellbeing for lupus patients. What are some key areas to focus on?

Nutrition

A balanced, nutrient-rich diet can support both physical and emotional health. Some lupus patients find that certain foods exacerbate inflammation and symptoms, so working with a nutritionist to develop a personalized eating plan can be beneficial.

Time Management

Effective time management can help reduce stress and prevent overwhelm. This might involve prioritizing tasks, learning to say no to non-essential commitments, and scheduling regular rest periods.

Hobbies and Interests

Engaging in enjoyable activities and hobbies can provide a sense of fulfillment and serve as a healthy distraction from stress and lupus symptoms. Exploring new interests or rediscovering old ones can contribute to improved emotional wellbeing.

Navigating Medication-Related Emotional Changes

Medications used to treat lupus can sometimes cause emotional side effects. How can patients effectively manage these challenges?

Open Communication with Healthcare Providers

Maintaining open communication with healthcare providers about emotional side effects is crucial. Doctors may be able to adjust dosages or suggest alternative treatments to minimize these effects.

Monitoring Mood Changes

Keeping a mood journal can help track emotional changes and identify patterns related to medication use. This information can be valuable for both the patient and healthcare providers in managing treatment.

Balancing Benefits and Side Effects

Working with healthcare providers to find the right balance between managing lupus symptoms and minimizing emotional side effects is key. In some cases, additional treatments or therapies may be recommended to address emotional changes.

Embracing Self-Advocacy in Emotional Health Management

Self-advocacy is a crucial skill for lupus patients in managing their emotional health. What does effective self-advocacy look like in this context?

Educating Oneself

Staying informed about lupus, its emotional impact, and available resources empowers patients to make informed decisions about their care. Reliable sources of information include reputable lupus organizations, medical journals, and healthcare providers.

Communicating Needs Clearly

Learning to articulate emotional needs and challenges clearly to healthcare providers, family members, and employers is an important aspect of self-advocacy. This might involve preparing for medical appointments with specific questions or concerns, or discussing workplace accommodations with employers.

Setting Boundaries

Recognizing personal limits and setting appropriate boundaries is crucial for emotional wellbeing. This might involve learning to say no to commitments that could lead to overexertion, or communicating clearly with friends and family about energy levels and needs.

In conclusion, managing emotional health with lupus requires a multifaceted approach that includes understanding emotions, identifying stress triggers, implementing effective coping strategies, building a strong support network, developing emotional resilience, making supportive lifestyle choices, navigating medication-related challenges, and embracing self-advocacy. By addressing these various aspects, lupus patients can work towards improved emotional wellbeing and overall quality of life.

Managing Your Emotional Health When You Have Lupus

Emotions can affect your quality of life for better or for worse, including with respect to your sense of identity and your relationship to others. In the words of one of our SLE Workshop members, “emotions are everything I feel, but also how well I handle what I feel.” Often people tend to keep emotions bottled up inside as a way to compartmentalize or deal with things as they come. For people with lupus, flares can increase emotions that are already heightened. Without effective coping skills, it is challenging to manage these intense feelings. Developing strategies and tools for dealing with them can help you: avoid being flooded with emotions and thoughts, find particular ways to de-stress, and accept the feelings that may cause stress.

Sections of this article

• What are emotions?
• What are your triggers?
• Getting the support you need

• Coping tools and strategies for emotional health
• Resources
• References

What are emotions?

An emotion is a complex state of consciousness (or feeling). It triggers physical and psychological changes that influence a person’s thoughts and behaviors. At the same time, these thoughts, behaviors and physical changes can affect a person’s mood and feelings. An intense mental experience that causes sensations of pleasure or displeasure can be classified as an emotion. Emotions exist on a spectrum, and we all work with a full “color palette” of them: Like an artist, we “paint” our state of mind and body with all the colors available.¹

Emotions include fear, sadness, anger, disgust, surprise and joy, as well as shame, guilt, pride, embarrassment, resentment, confusion, frustration, disappointment, happiness, jealousy and contentment. In other words, “emotion and its experience are not synonymous.”² This is because “the emotion itself is largely unconscious, causing people to behave in ways of which they are not aware. The feeling associated with the emotion is conscious, by definition, and is available to be experienced …”³ Sometimes, the way you are feeling may be related to deeper feelings (that is, the unconscious) unrelated to your chronic disease. This can complicate your understanding of where the emotion is coming from.

No emotion is better or worse than another. Some individuals express their emotions more deeply than others. Lupus has an impact on your emotions, and your emotions have an impact on your behavior. This can affect your ability to function in everyday life. The unpredictability of lupus flares, and the pain and fatigue can all have a compounding effect on your emotions. Additionally, medications you take to manage your lupus may have side effects that cause mood swings or emotions that are significantly different from those that you normally feel or want to express. Lifestyle choices can also affect your emotions: Your sleep patterns, schedule and environment can alter your feelings.

Stress

Coping with an illness, especially an unpredictable one without clear timelines, is stressful. You may have anxiety about the future, especially with regard to possible flares and remissions. Additionally, stress can, in turn, contribute to flares.

Types of stress

Acute stress occurs when we are faced with tasks that need completing on a timeline or when we are running late, having a minor illness, experiencing subway delays, or getting into an argument. Chronic stress, on the other hand, occurs over a period of time. Some examples include family pressures, financial concerns or long-term health issues.

A certain amount of stress is beneficial and helps protect your body from harm. The flight, fight or freeze response that is built into our biological response mechanisms are meant to be productive and allow our body to process stress. But experiencing these physical, emotional and mental responses over a long time can be overwhelming and undesired. When you are feeling stressed, your body releases the “stress hormones” cortisol, adrenaline and norepinephrine. Prolonged release of these hormones often has a negative impact on your physical and emotional health. Stress hormones have been linked to health problems with blood pressure, the immune system and many biological systems.

If you are frequently having intense reactions to stressful events, it is useful to work on strategies to decrease your emotional response.

Let’s de-stress!

Conscious yawning exercise

You may recognize that when you are anxious you yawn more. Neuroscientist Andrew Newberg says yawning is a powerful tool. Conscious yawning increases the oxygen content in your body and can reduce stress, increase relaxation and promote alertness and cognitive awareness. Can’t yawn? Try faking it five or six times. You can do this both standing up or sitting down.

Another no-cost, portable de-stressing tool is 4-7-8 breathing, which is a form of the ancient yoga practice of “pranayama” or breath control.

4-7-8 breathing

1. Place your tongue on the roof of your mouth, behind your teeth and exhale.
2. Inhale for a count of four.
3. Hold your breath for a count of seven (set your own pace).
4. Exhale to a count of eight.
5. Inhale again
6. Repeat steps 1 to 5 three more times.

Depression

Depression is the most frequently reported mental health problem in people with lupus (between 10.8% to 39.6% of that population – Nery et al, 2008). Depression is a common and normal occurrence, as there are many events and challenges in navigating life’s journey that could lead to the onset of depression. Sadness and anxiety can lead to depression. There is an increased risk in the first two years of a chronic illness for the onset of depression. If you are experiencing little interest or pleasure in things you used to enjoy or are feeling down, depressed, or hopeless, it may be useful for you to find a professional to talk to regarding these feelings.

Experiencing a change in mood for over six weeks could also be an indicator of depression. Other symptoms of depression may include:

• Feeling restless, tired or rundown.
• Having trouble falling or staying asleep, or sleeping too much.
• Having difficulty concentrating.
• Experiencing abrupt dietary changes (having little appetite or overeating).

If you are presently having feelings of guilt, hopelessness, thoughts of hurting yourself, or suicidal thoughts, please talk to your rheumatologist, social worker, patient advocate, or nurse and ask for a referral to a mental health specialist. If you need immediate help, please call 911.

Anxiety

Anxiety often occurs along with depression. Nearly half of lupus patients experience an anxiety disorder (Nery et al, 2008). Most people recognize the normal, baseline level of everyday anxiety. If you experience a level of anxiety consistently above average, then you may want to seek alternative methods for managing your anxiety and those emotions surrounding it.

Anxiety can cause both physical and cognitive symptoms in one’s body, including:

• Sweaty hands.
• Shortness of breath.
• Digestive issues.
• Confusion, impaired memory or poor concentration.
• Heart palpitations or a racing heart.

The pain, fatigue, flares and unpredictability of lupus can influence anxiety. The erratic ups and downs in your health can make it difficult to make or keep plans or stick to a fixed schedule. Overwhelming feelings of dread can lead you to avoid doing certain things. For example, if you dread going to your doctor for your follow-up, you may continually cancel or miss appointments. These “avoidant behaviors” that are triggered by anxiety can prevent you from taking needed medications or getting medical treatment. Like emotions, anxiety disorders lie on a spectrum – from fairly mild to very anxious. Knowing how to properly predict instances where you might become anxious, and anticipating these moments with a plan may help combat feelings of anxiety.

What are your triggers?

When you think about instances that make you feel depressed, stressed or anxious, are they usually related to a specific obstacle or challenge? It is important to identify the triggers that you can control versus those that you cannot. Some triggers are related to your lupus (such as flares), but some are linked to behaviors or circumstances. For example, if a relative puts you down and makes you feel bad, it may make you feel depressed or stressed out. Lifestyle choices such as choosing the people you surround yourself with can help lessen triggers.

Getting the support you need

Support begins with self-compassion – treating yourself with the same kindness and care as you do with your and loved ones. Self-compassion seems to help with coping, resilience and enhancing one’s motivation. Research suggests that self-compassion is associated with lower stress, better well-being and adjustment to illness: Self-compassion seems to have a “buffering effect” against stress – to support one’s ability to navigate life’s challenges (Sirois, et al, 2014).

It can be frustrating and angering when the people in your life don’t understand what you are going through. Living with lupus has an impact on you and your relationships with others. It can also influence changes in your role in various areas of your life, as well as in your need for help from one day to the next. Sometimes these changes are not easy for others to understand. An important aspect to consider is how to communicate with others and how to ask for support. A few things to consider when thinking about how to gain support are:

• How can you best communicate your experience?
• How can you ask for the support you need?
• What are your barriers to getting the support you want?

Coping tools and strategies for emotional health

There are some basic actions you can take to help regulate your emotions and support emotional health and well-being:

• Be aware of your patterns of thinking, and the ways in which you may, for instance, tend to attack or criticize yourself.
• Get adequate rest and sleep.
• Carefully select what you eat and drink.
• Reduce stress through exercise, breath work, meditation, and/or various types of yoga.

There are also several strategies for emotional health:

• Aim to enhance self-efficacy (your belief in your ability to succeed and achieve goals).
• Work with a team of doctors and other providers from different physical and mental health specialties.
• Educate yourself about your lupus and how to manage it.
• Access support from family, friends, colleagues (new and old), community, spiritual guidance.
• Use coping tools such as activities that bring you joy or increase your creative expression. Listening to music, dancing, creating art and writing in a journal can also help.

Self-efficacy

Self-efficacy is the confidence to do things that help manage your condition and its symptoms. In the evolution of care, past medical models relied purely on medication and clinical interventions to help manage symptoms. Research has led to new medical treatments that build patients’ skills and confidence in “self-management. ” In the 1980s, the Stanford Medical School developed self-management workshops for people with chronic conditions.

By actively working to improve your perceived self-efficacy, you can practice self-management behaviors, such as setting goals around things that you can do to help manage a symptom. This will encourage you to take action and self-manage, which in turn can result in better symptom management, leading to significant changes in your health status. Following this path, improving your self-efficacy can improve your exercise routines, communication skills and mental health management. It can also help you to relax and enhance your ability to find community resources to help deal with depression, anxiety, and stress. The Self-Management Resource Center offers many self-efficacy tools, and more on their evaluation tools page.

Some of us have external sources of control to help navigate life’s journey with lupus. These include medication, physical support like physical therapy, massages, exercise, and mobility aids like a cane or walker. However, we all have natural, internal sources of control to help regulate our emotions. Some examples of internal sources of control include mindfulness, physical exercises such as stretches and tai chi, opportunities for social support, and spiritual connections. It’s important to be aware that lupus has an impact on your emotions, moods, identity, relationships, ability to function and sense of self-efficacy. At the same time, gaining this awareness can help you set achievable goals in regard to coping with your disease and managing your emotional responses.

This presentation was held on 04/27/17. Learn more information about the SLE Workshop at HSS, a free support and education group held monthly for people with lupus, their families and friends.

Updated: 10/30/2020

Summary by Sarah Kencel

Social Work Intern and Coordinator, SLE Workshop

Department of Social Work Programs

Authors

Joan Westreich, LCSW-R

Social Work Coordinator, Early Arthritis Initiative

Hospital for Special Surgery  

Self-efficacy section by Mayra Lemus

Social Work Intern and SLE Workshop Coordinator

Hospital for Special Surgery

Resources*

^* We hope that you find these resources helpful; they are provided for informational purposes only and are not intended to comprise a complete list. Links to sites are not meant as endorsements or recommendations by HSS or its faculty.

• Sirois, F. M., Kitner, R., & Hirsch, J. K. (2014, September 22). Self-Compassion, Affect, and Health-Promoting Behaviors. Health Psychology. Advance online publication. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25243717.
• HSS Lupus Support Programs
• Lupus Research Alliance
• Center for Mindfulness – UMass Medical School
• National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health
• Andrew Newberg, MD
• UCLA Mindful Awareness Research Center
• Andrew Weil, MD

References

1. Cabanac, M. 2002. “What is emotion?” Behavioural Processes 60(2):69:83.
2. Barrett, 2006, Personality and Social Psychology Review.
3. Lambie & Marcel, 2002; Schooler, 2002-quoted in Barrett.

Lupus and Mental Health Concerns

Written by Mary Anne Dunkin

• Where the Feelings Come From
• Mental Effects of the Lupus Disease Process
• Getting Help for the Emotional Effects of Lupus
• How You Can Help Yourself

Living with lupus can have a profound effect on a person’s mental and emotional well-being. You may have recently been diagnosed with lupus, or you may have been living with it for years. Either way, you are likely to have experienced mental and physical problems such as difficulty concentrating or sleeping. You are also likely to have felt emotions such as grief, fear, anxiety, and depression.

These feelings are common. Understanding where they come from can help you develop techniques for coping with them.

The feelings associated with lupus can have multiple causes, including:

Outward effects of the disease or its treatment. Visible problems such as a facial rash or weight gain from corticosteroids used to treat lupus can affect your physical appearance and self-esteem.

Work and activity limitations. Pain, fatigue, and other symptoms can make it difficult to do things you once enjoyed. The disease or its treatment may make it necessary to cut back at work or even leave your job completely. This can affect the pleasure you get from your job, your sense of purpose, and your income.

Pain, fatigue, and other physical symptoms. Simply living with pain and other symptoms every day can wear you down. Emotionally, this can lead to frustration and feelings of hopelessness.

Social isolation. When you feel bad or use all of your energy just to get through the day, social activities may be among the first things to go. Concerns about changes in your appearance may also cause you to withdraw.

Uncertainty about the future. Having a chronic, unpredictable disease can cause uncertainty and anxiety. You may wonder how the disease will progress, whether you will be able to stay independent, or how you will manage physically and financially.

Difficulty with family relationships. Having a chronic illness like lupus may make it difficult to take care of your home or family the way you would like to or feel you should. Because the disease may come and go and often shows no outward signs, your family may not understand why you can’t do the things you used to do. They may even question whether your disease is all in your head.

Sometimes, the mental and emotional effects of lupus can be related to the disease process itself or medications used to treat it. Common problems that may be associated with the disease include:

Cognitive dysfunction. Many people with lupus experience a variety of related problems including forgetfulness or difficulty thinking. They may describe these problems as feeling “fuzzy-headed” or being in a “lupus fog.” These problems often coincide with periods of increased disease activity, or flares. But cognitive problems can also be symptoms of depression.

Depression and anxiety. These can occur as a psychological reaction to having lupus or a side effect of treatment. They may also occur as a direct result of the disease process. Often it is difficult for doctors to sort out the actual cause.

Mood swings and personality changes. People with lupus may experience unpredictable changes in moods and personality traits. This can include feelings of anger and irritability. These may be related to the disease process or, in some cases, the use of corticosteroid medications.

If you are experiencing any of these problems, it’s important to discuss them with your doctor. Your doctor can help you find solutions. These may include a change in medication to control your lupus. Or, the doctor may add medications to treat problems like anxiety and depression.

Your doctor may also refer you to a mental health professional, who will be able to help you identify additional ways to cope with lupus.

There are steps you can take to cope better with lupus, including:

Educating yourself — and others. Learn as much as you can about the disease and its treatment. Share information with friends and family members so they will better understand the disease and how it affects you. Their support is important to success in managing the illness.

Practicing healthy lifestyle habits. Exercise regularly; eat a healthy, balanced diet; get enough rest; and avoid alcoholic beverages, particularly if you are depressed. Alcohol is a natural depressant. It can markedly increase the severity of depression and its symptoms.

Learning stress-management techniques. Living with a chronic disease is stressful. A mental health professional can teach you techniques, such as progressive muscle relaxation, guided imagery, and meditation, that you can use regularly to cope with the stress of lupus. Other stress relievers you can try include listening to soothing music, taking a warm bath or a walk, or doing some gentle exercises.

Doing activities you enjoy. Lupus may limit some activities. So it’s important to find things you enjoy doing and take time to do them. These activities can be as simple as reading a good book or doing thoughtful things for others.

Seeking support. When you are feeling down, talk with a trusted friend, clergy member, or counselor. Consider joining a support group. To find a group for lupus patients near you, speak with your doctor or counselor or check with the Arthritis Foundation or Lupus Foundation of America.

Appreciating yourself. Although you have lupus, you likely have many other things, such as pretty eyes, a friendly smile, musical talent, or a flare for Cajun cooking. Don’t make lupus the focus of your life. Focus on your talents, abilities, and strengths.

Top Picks

symptoms, causes and treatments

Contents

• 1 Systemic lupus erythematosus
  • 1.1 What is systemic lupus erythematosus?
  • 1.2 Main symptoms of systemic lupus erythematosus
  • 1. 3 What are the causes of systemic lupus erythematosus?
  • 1.4 Complications of systemic lupus erythematosus
  • 1.5 Diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus
  • 1.6 How is systemic lupus erythematosus treated?
  • 1.7 Prevention of systemic lupus erythematosus
  • 1.8 Diet and nutrition in systemic lupus erythematosus
  • 1.9 Exercise in systemic lupus erythematosus
  • 1.10 How to maintain immunity in systemic lupus erythematosus?
  • 1.11 Q&A:
    • • 1.11.0.1 What are the symptoms of systemic lupus erythematosus?
      • 1.11.0.2 What are the causes of systemic lupus erythematosus?
  • 1.12 Psychological support for systemic lupus erythematosus
  • 1.13 Related videos:

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a rare systemic disease that affects connective tissue. The article describes the causes, symptoms, and treatments for SLE, and offers recommendations for patient care.

Systemic lupus erythematosus is a serious chronic disease that affects the body’s immune system. It is an autoimmune disorder in which the body’s immune system attacks connective tissue and various organs such as the heart, lungs, kidneys, and skin.

With systemic lupus erythematosus, patients may experience a variety of symptoms and signs, including skin rashes in the form of red spots or papules, joint pain, fatigue, fever, kidney and heart problems. These symptoms can be different and vary depending on the degree of damage to the body.

The causes of systemic lupus erythematosus are still not fully understood. It is believed that heredity, environmental factors, infections and hormonal changes may play a role in causing the disease. It is also known that systemic lupus erythematosus affects women of reproductive age more often than men.

Systemic lupus erythematosus is a chronic disease that requires regular monitoring and treatment. The goal of treatment is to suppress the immune system so it stops attacking its own tissue. There are various treatments, including the use of anti-inflammatory drugs, immunosuppressive drugs, and hormones. However, each patient needs an individual approach and treatment.

What is systemic lupus erythematosus?

Systemic lupus erythematosus, or systemic fever with rash, is a rare but serious disease that can affect various organs and systems of the body. It belongs to the group of rheumatic diseases and is characterized by skin rashes, joint pain, fever and inflammation of the internal organs.

The main cause of systemic lupus erythematosus is an immune system disorder where the body’s own antibodies attack its own cells and tissues. This leads to inflammation and damage to various organs such as the skin, joints, heart, lungs, kidneys, and brain.

Symptoms of systemic lupus erythematosus may vary depending on the affected organs, but usually include skin rashes that may be scaly or reddish, joint pain and swelling, fatigue, fever, hair loss and lingual ulcers. Internal organs can be affected in different combinations, which can lead to various possible complications and consequences for the patient’s health.

Treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus should be comprehensive and aimed at reducing symptoms, preventing complications and suppressing the immune system. The use of anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive drugs, steroids, drugs that improve blood circulation, as well as physical therapy and rehabilitation measures may be prescribed.

Main symptoms of systemic lupus erythematosus

Systemic lupus erythematosus is a rare autoimmune disease that affects various organs and systems of the body. Patients with this condition experience a variety of symptoms that can vary greatly.

Very often, patients with systemic lupus erythematosus suffer from skin rashes that may be red, itchy, and scaly. These rashes usually appear on the face, neck, or cheekbones and may be accompanied by redness and swelling around the eyes.

In addition to skin rashes, systemic lupus erythematosus can cause inflammation of internal organs such as the lungs, heart, kidneys, and brain. Patients may experience extreme fatigue, joint pain, fever, and weight loss.

One of the most characteristic symptoms of systemic lupus erythematosus is complications in the nervous system. This can manifest as headaches, problems with memory and concentration, as well as changes in mood and emotional disturbances.

Detection and proper treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus are important steps to reduce the risk of disease progression and improve patients’ quality of life.

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What causes systemic lupus erythematosus?

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease in which the body’s immune system attacks its own tissues and organs. The causes of SLE are not fully known, but several factors are thought to contribute to the onset and progression of the disease.

Genetic predisposition is considered one of the main causes of SLE. Studies show that people who have close relatives who have suffered from autoimmune diseases are at a higher risk of developing SLE. However, the mere presence of a genetic predisposition is not the only factor, and many people with a genetic predisposition do not develop SLE.

The onset of systemic lupus erythematosus can also be related to the environment. Many studies show that factors such as infections, stress, certain medications, and chemicals can contribute to the development of SLE. For example, certain viruses and bacteria can activate the immune system and cause inflammation, which can lead to the development of SLE.

In addition, hormonal changes may be associated with SLE. In women, this disease is more often diagnosed, which indicates the role of estrogen in the development and progression of SLE. Some women notice that the symptoms of SLE worsen during menstruation or pregnancy, when estrogen levels in the body are elevated.

In general, the development of systemic lupus erythematosus is a multifactorial process in which the interaction of genetic, environmental and hormonal factors play a role. More research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms of development and progression of this disease.

Complications of systemic lupus erythematosus

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a rare chronic inflammatory disease of the connective tissue that can lead to various complications. Complications of SLE can be very serious and require immediate treatment.

One of the main complications of SLE is damage to organs and body systems. This may include damage to the kidneys, heart, lungs, liver, and nervous system. If the kidneys are damaged, nephritis can develop, which can lead to chronic kidney failure. If the heart is damaged, carditis may occur, accompanied by cardiac arrhythmias and heart failure.

Another complication of SLE can be thromboembolic syndrome, when blood clots form that can block blood vessels. This can lead to various serious consequences such as myocardial infarction, stroke or thrombosis.

In addition, systemic lupus erythematosus can cause problems with the hematopoietic system, which is manifested by increased thrombocytopenia and anemia. Problems with the immune system can also be a consequence of SLE, which makes the body more prone to various infections and inflammation.

Complications of systemic lupus erythematosus can have serious consequences for the patient’s health, so it is very important to seek medical help and follow the doctor’s recommendations in order to control and treat this disease.

Diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus

Diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus is based on clinical manifestations and laboratory results. The doctor collects an anamnesis and examines the patient, paying attention to the characteristic symptoms of the disease.

The main signs of systemic lupus erythematosus are skin rashes in the form of red spots or rashes that often appear on the face, neck and chest. There is also a wavy redness of the palms and feet, as well as frequent pain in the joints.

To confirm the diagnosis, the doctor may refer the patient to a series of laboratory tests. One of the main methods is a blood test for antinuclear antibodies (ANA), which are usually present in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Studies are also being conducted to identify inflammatory markers and urine analysis for the presence of protein and blood.

More accurate diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus may require examination of organs such as the heart, lungs, and kidneys using ultrasound, computed tomography, and other imaging modalities.

How is systemic lupus erythematosus treated?

Treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus should be comprehensive and carried out under the supervision of doctors of various specializations. The main goal of treatment is to reduce the activity of the inflammatory process, reduce the duration of exacerbations and prevent the development of complications.

The main treatment for systemic lupus erythematosus is anti-inflammatory medication. In the initial stages of the disease, when symptoms are not severe, a low dose of steroid drugs such as pednisolone may be prescribed. For more complex and severe cases, stronger anti-inflammatory drugs such as methylprednisolone are used.

Immunosuppressive drugs, which suppress the body’s immune system, are also often prescribed to treat systemic lupus erythematosus. These include azathioprine, cyclosporine, mycophenolate mofetil.

Glucocorticoids are also prescribed to prevent and control inflammation in systemic lupus erythematosus. They allow you to reduce the activity of the immune system and reduce inflammation in the body.

It is important to note that an individual treatment regimen is selected for each patient, depending on the severity of symptoms, the presence of complications and other factors. Therefore, self-medication is unacceptable, and treatment should be carried out only under the supervision of a physician.

Prevention of systemic lupus erythematosus

Prevention of systemic lupus erythematosus is essential to prevent the disease. By following certain recommendations, you can reduce the risk of infection and the development of this disease.

An important step in the prevention of systemic lupus erythematosus is the maintenance of cleanliness and hygiene. Wash your hands regularly with soap and water, especially after contact with people who are sick or likely to be infected. It is also recommended to use antiseptics in public places and when necessary.

Vaccination is an effective way to prevent systemic lupus erythematosus. The vaccine creates immunity to the virus and helps protect against the development of the disease or reduce its severity. Vaccination is especially important for people who are at high risk of infection or complications.

In addition, avoiding contact with people with systemic lupus erythematosus also prevents the spread of the infection. It is necessary to avoid close contact with patients, do not share personal items and utensils with them. It is also recommended to avoid visiting crowded places during epidemics.

Prevention of systemic lupus erythematosus plays an important role in maintaining health and preventing the development of the disease. Good hygiene practices, vaccinations, and avoidance of contact with people who are sick can help minimize the risk of contracting and developing systemic lupus erythematosus.

Diet and nutrition in systemic lupus erythematosus

In systemic lupus erythematosus, diet plays an important role in relieving symptoms and maintaining the overall health of the patient. During an exacerbation of the disease, it is recommended to follow a special diet that excludes certain foods that contribute to the deterioration of the condition.

In the first place, foods containing gluten should be avoided, as many patients with systemic lupus erythematosus also have an intolerance to this protein. Gluten consumption can lead to increased inflammation in the body.

It is also recommended to limit the consumption of foods containing histamine, such as fermented dairy products, nuts, chocolate, red wine and sauerkraut. Histamine can enhance allergic reactions and trigger inflammatory processes, which can adversely affect the patient’s condition.

It is important to eat foods rich in antioxidants, vitamin C and omega-3 fatty acids. Vegetables, fruits, green tea, berries and fish are excellent sources of these nutrients. They can help boost the immune system and reduce inflammation in the body.

It is always recommended to consult a doctor or nutritionist to develop an individual diet that takes into account the characteristics of the disease and the patient’s condition.

Exercise for systemic lupus erythematosus

During treatment for systemic lupus erythematosus, exercise can be helpful in relieving symptoms and strengthening the body. However, before starting any physical activity, it is necessary to consult a doctor, as the intensity of training and the type of exercise must be adapted to the individual needs of the patient.

Breathing exercises such as deep breathing and stretching can help relieve tension and stress and improve oxygen metabolism in the body. Such exercises promote relaxation and can improve the patient’s mood.

Light cardio exercises such as walking, swimming or cycling can help strengthen your cardiovascular system and improve your overall fitness. They also help improve circulation, which can be helpful in relieving inflammation and symptoms of systemic lupus erythematosus.

Stretching and strengthening exercises can help improve flexibility and reduce the risk of muscle cramps and pain. They may also help improve joint mobility and relieve the discomfort associated with inflammation and swelling associated with systemic lupus erythematosus.

It is important to remember that exercise in systemic lupus erythematosus must be reasonable and safe for the patient. Before starting any workout, you need to warm up the muscles and joints, as well as monitor your feelings and not overwork. If any unusual or worsening symptoms occur, stop exercising and consult a physician.

How to maintain immunity in systemic lupus erythematosus?

Systemic lupus erythematosus is a chronic inflammatory disease of the connective tissue that adversely affects the body’s immune system. Therefore, maintaining your immunity is an important point in the fight against this disease.

First, you need to eat right. The diet should be rich in vitamins, trace elements and antioxidants that will help strengthen the immune system. It is especially recommended to consume foods rich in vitamin C, such as citrus fruits, kiwi, grapefruit, as well as vegetables, herbs and berries.

Secondly, it is important to watch your weight. Excess weight puts extra stress on the body and can weaken the immune system. Therefore, regular exercise and a healthy lifestyle will help strengthen the immune system and relieve the symptoms of systemic lupus erythematosus.

It is also necessary to avoid stressful situations and maintain emotional balance. Stress can weaken the protective functions of the body and contribute to the development of the inflammatory process.

In addition, it is beneficial to consume probiotics, which support healthy intestinal microflora and strengthen the immune system.

Do not forget about regular monitoring of the level of vitamins and microelements in the body, for this you can consult a doctor and undergo appropriate examinations.

Q&A:

What are the symptoms of systemic lupus erythematosus?

Systemic lupus erythematosus manifests itself with various symptoms, including skin rashes in the form of red spots or papules, fever, joint and muscle pain, fatigue, impaired kidney, gastrointestinal tract and cardiovascular system.

What are the causes of systemic lupus erythematosus?

The exact cause of systemic lupus erythematosus is unknown. However, scientists suggest that the disease may be due to genetic factors, impaired immune system and exposure to external agents such as drugs or infections. It is also known that systemic lupus erythematosus is more common in women and can be inherited in the family.

Psychological support for systemic lupus erythematosus

Systemic lupus erythematosus is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that can cause severe physical and emotional distress for patients. This condition can greatly affect a person’s psychological well-being and cause depression, anxiety, and low self-esteem.

Therefore, psychological support plays an important role in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus. When interacting with patients, a psychologist can help them cope with the stress associated with changes in appearance and the limitations that this disease imposes.

Psychological support may include individual counseling, group sessions, and the use of various techniques to manage emotions. A psychologist can help the patient become aware of their emotions, develop coping strategies, and increase self-esteem.

It is important to understand that psychological support does not replace medical treatment, but can be an effective adjunct to it. Working with a psychologist helps patients realize that they are not alone in their struggle with this disease, as well as learn to better manage their emotions and increase their psychological well-being.

Inflammatory skin diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus can have a profound effect on a person’s psychological state. Therefore, receiving psychological support for this condition can positively influence the patient’s quality of life and help them better cope with the emotional difficulties associated with this condition.

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Lupus warning signs – Medsi

What is lupus?
Lupus is a disease of the immune system. Immune cells attack the body’s own healthy tissues, leading to inflammation and tissue damage. Symptoms may be limited to the skin, but more often, lupus also causes internal problems, such as joint pain. In severe cases, this can cause damage to the heart, kidneys, and other vital organs. Although there is no cure, there are treatments that can minimize the damage.

Lupus symptom: Joint pain
Joint and muscle pain is often the first sign of lupus. This pain usually occurs on both sides of the body at the same time, especially in the joints of the wrists, hands, fingers, and knees. The joints may look sore and feel warm to the touch. But unlike rheumatoid arthritis, lupus does not usually cause permanent joint damage.

Lupus symptom: Butterfly rash
A characteristic symptom of lupus is a butterfly-shaped rash on the cheeks and bridge of the nose. Other common skin problems include sun sensitivity with scaly red patches or a scaly purple rash on various parts of the body, including the face, neck and hands. Some people also develop mouth ulcers.

Lupus symptom: Nail changes
Lupus can cause nails to crack or fall off. They may be discolored with blue or reddish spots at the base. These spots are actually found in the nail bed, as a result of inflammation of the small blood vessels. Swelling can also cause the skin around the base of the nail to become red and swollen.

Lupus symptoms: Fever and fatigue
Most people with lupus experience some degree of fatigue. In many cases, it is severe enough to interfere with exercise and other daily activities. Most patients also have low-grade fever from time to time. This unexplained fever may be the only warning sign in some people.

Lupus symptom: Sensitivity to light
Many people with lupus are unusually sensitive to the sun and other forms of ultraviolet radiation. A day at the beach can cause skin rashes in sun-exposed areas and can aggravate other symptoms of lupus. Some medications can make people with lupus even more sensitive to ultraviolet radiation.

Lupus symptom: Hair loss
The symptoms of lupus tend to come and go, and this includes hair loss. Patients may experience periods when their hair falls out in patches or becomes thinner all over the scalp. Once the outbreak is over, new hair will likely grow back.

Lupus symptom: Raynaud’s disease
Some people with lupus develop a condition called Raynaud’s phenomenon. Their fingers and toes become sore, numb, and tingly in response to low temperatures or emotional stress. This happens when small blood vessels constrict and restrict blood flow to the area. During an attack, the fingers and toes may turn white or blue. People can also get Raynaud’s disease without lupus or any serious health complications.

Lupus or something else?
When lupus sets in, it can be very similar to rheumatoid arthritis, which causes pain and swelling in the joints, or fibromyalgia, which causes fatigue and pain. One aspect that distinguishes lupus is the combination of a skin rash with joint pain and fatigue. There are also laboratory tests that can help distinguish lupus from other diseases.