What are the different types of lymph node surgeries for breast cancer. How do doctors determine which lymph nodes to remove. What are the potential complications of lymph node removal. How can patients manage side effects after lymph node surgery.

The Role of Lymph Nodes in Breast Cancer Spread

Breast cancer’s potential to spread beyond its initial site makes understanding lymph node involvement crucial. When breast cancer metastasizes, it typically first reaches the lymph nodes in the armpit (axilla) near the breast. These lymph nodes are responsible for draining lymphatic fluid from the breast and arm.

Determining the presence and extent of cancer cells in axillary lymph nodes is vital for several reasons:

• It helps doctors accurately stage the cancer
• It guides treatment planning
• It provides valuable prognostic information

Pre-Surgery Lymph Node Assessment

Before breast cancer surgery, doctors employ various techniques to evaluate the lymph nodes:

Ultrasound Scanning

An ultrasound scan of the armpit is typically performed to examine the lymph nodes near the affected breast. This non-invasive imaging technique helps identify any nodes that appear abnormal or suspicious.

Lymph Node Biopsy

If the ultrasound reveals concerning lymph nodes, a biopsy is usually conducted. This involves removing a small sample of tissue from the suspicious node and sending it to a laboratory for analysis. The biopsy results guide the next steps in treatment.

Are biopsies always necessary? Not always. If the ultrasound shows normal-looking lymph nodes, a biopsy may be deferred in favor of a sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) performed during the main breast surgery.

Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy (SLNB): A Targeted Approach

The sentinel lymph node biopsy is a sophisticated technique used to identify and examine the first lymph node(s) that receive drainage from the breast tumor. This procedure is typically carried out during the primary breast cancer surgery.

The SLNB Procedure

1. A small amount of radioactive tracer is injected near the tumor a few hours before surgery.
2. During the operation, the surgeon may also inject a blue dye into the breast.
3. The combination of radioactive tracer and dye helps pinpoint the sentinel node(s).
4. The surgeon removes 1-3 sentinel nodes for examination.

Why is the sentinel node so important? The sentinel node acts as a gatekeeper. If it’s free of cancer cells, it’s highly likely that the cancer hasn’t spread to other lymph nodes, potentially sparing the patient from more extensive surgery.

Post-SLNB Scenarios

The results of the sentinel node biopsy determine the next steps:

• If the sentinel nodes are cancer-free, no further lymph node removal is necessary.
• If cancer cells are detected, an axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) is typically recommended.

Axillary Lymph Node Dissection (ALND): When More Extensive Surgery is Needed

An axillary lymph node dissection involves removing most or all of the lymph nodes under the arm. This more extensive procedure is performed when:

• The sentinel node biopsy reveals cancer cells
• Pre-surgical tests indicate significant lymph node involvement

The ALND Procedure

During an ALND:

• The patient is under general anesthesia
• The surgeon makes an incision in the armpit
• Typically, 10-15 lymph nodes are removed (though this can vary)
• The removed nodes are sent for pathological examination

How long does it take to get ALND results? Patients usually receive their results at a follow-up appointment about two weeks after surgery.

Intraoperative Assessment: Real-Time Decision Making

Some hospitals offer intraoperative assessment of sentinel lymph nodes. This means that the nodes are analyzed for cancer cells during the initial surgery, allowing for immediate decision-making.

Benefits of intraoperative assessment include:

• Potentially avoiding a second surgery
• Streamlining the treatment process
• Reducing patient anxiety and wait times for results

Is intraoperative assessment available everywhere? No, this option depends on the hospital’s capabilities and protocols. Patients should discuss this possibility with their surgeon before the operation.

Radiotherapy as an Alternative to Surgery

In some cases, radiotherapy may be recommended instead of surgical lymph node removal. This non-invasive approach uses targeted radiation to destroy cancer cells in the lymph nodes.

Factors that may influence the choice of radiotherapy over surgery include:

• The extent of lymph node involvement
• The patient’s overall health and ability to tolerate surgery
• The specific characteristics of the breast cancer
• Patient preferences and quality of life considerations

Potential Complications of Lymph Node Surgery

While lymph node surgery is an important part of breast cancer treatment, it can lead to certain complications. The risk of these issues is generally higher with more extensive procedures like ALND.

Lymphedema: A Common Concern

Lymphedema is a condition characterized by swelling in the arm or hand on the affected side. It occurs when lymph fluid can’t drain properly due to the removal of lymph nodes.

Key points about lymphedema:

• It can develop any time after surgery or radiotherapy to the armpit
• Not all patients will experience lymphedema
• The risk is lower with sentinel node biopsy compared to full axillary dissection
• Early detection and management can help control symptoms

Other Potential Complications

Additional issues that may arise after lymph node surgery include:

• Numbness or altered sensation in the upper arm
• Limited range of motion in the shoulder
• Increased risk of infection in the affected arm
• Seroma formation (fluid accumulation at the surgical site)

How can patients minimize these risks? Following post-operative instructions carefully, engaging in prescribed exercises, and promptly reporting any concerning symptoms to the healthcare team are crucial steps.

Managing Side Effects and Recovery After Lymph Node Surgery

Recovery from lymph node surgery requires patience and proper care. Here are some strategies to manage potential side effects and promote healing:

Lymphedema Prevention and Management

• Wear compression garments as recommended by your doctor
• Engage in gentle exercises to promote lymph drainage
• Avoid injury or infection to the affected arm
• Consider working with a lymphedema specialist for tailored advice

Pain Management

Post-operative pain is common but can be managed through:

• Prescribed pain medications
• Cold or heat therapy (as advised by your healthcare team)
• Gentle stretching exercises
• Relaxation techniques

Regaining Mobility

Restoring arm and shoulder function is crucial. Patients may benefit from:

• Physical therapy
• Gradual increase in arm exercises
• Adherence to the post-operative exercise plan provided by the surgical team

When can patients expect to regain full mobility? The timeline varies, but most patients see significant improvement within a few months with proper care and rehabilitation.

Emotional Support

The emotional impact of cancer treatment, including lymph node surgery, shouldn’t be underestimated. Patients may find support through:

• Counseling or therapy
• Support groups for breast cancer survivors
• Open communication with friends and family
• Mindfulness and stress-reduction techniques

Long-Term Considerations and Follow-Up Care

After lymph node surgery, ongoing monitoring and care are essential. Long-term considerations include:

Regular Check-ups

Patients should adhere to a follow-up schedule determined by their oncology team. These appointments may involve:

• Physical examinations
• Imaging studies
• Blood tests
• Discussions about any new symptoms or concerns

Lifestyle Adjustments

Some lifestyle modifications may be necessary to protect the affected arm and reduce the risk of complications:

• Avoiding blood draws or blood pressure measurements on the affected arm
• Using extra care during activities that could lead to cuts or burns
• Maintaining a healthy weight to reduce strain on the lymphatic system
• Staying physically active within the limits advised by the healthcare team

Ongoing Lymphedema Management

For patients who develop lymphedema, long-term management strategies may include:

• Regular use of compression garments
• Manual lymphatic drainage techniques
• Specialized exercises
• Careful skin care to prevent infections

Is lymphedema reversible? While it can’t always be completely reversed, proper management can significantly improve symptoms and prevent progression.

Monitoring for Recurrence

Patients who have undergone lymph node surgery should be vigilant about potential signs of cancer recurrence. These may include:

• New lumps or swelling in the breast, chest wall, or armpit
• Persistent pain in the breast or armpit area
• Skin changes on the breast or chest wall
• Unexplained weight loss or fatigue

Any concerning symptoms should be promptly reported to the healthcare team for evaluation.

Advances in Lymph Node Surgery and Future Directions

The field of breast cancer treatment, including lymph node surgery, continues to evolve. Some promising areas of research and development include:

Minimally Invasive Techniques

Researchers are exploring less invasive methods for lymph node assessment and removal, aiming to reduce complications and improve recovery times.

Improved Imaging Technologies

Advanced imaging techniques may allow for more accurate identification of affected lymph nodes, potentially reducing the need for extensive surgery.

Personalized Treatment Approaches

As our understanding of breast cancer biology improves, treatment plans, including decisions about lymph node surgery, may become increasingly tailored to individual patients based on genetic and molecular factors.

Enhanced Rehabilitation Protocols

Ongoing research aims to optimize post-surgical rehabilitation strategies to improve functional outcomes and quality of life for breast cancer survivors.

How might these advances impact patients in the future? They could lead to more precise treatments, faster recoveries, and better long-term outcomes for those undergoing lymph node surgery as part of their breast cancer treatment.

In conclusion, lymph node surgery plays a crucial role in breast cancer treatment, providing valuable information for staging and guiding further treatment decisions. While it can lead to certain complications, advancements in surgical techniques, supportive care, and long-term management strategies continue to improve outcomes for patients. As research progresses, we can expect even more refined and personalized approaches to lymph node assessment and treatment in breast cancer care.

Surgery to remove lymph nodes | Breast cancer

Breast cancer can spread to other parts of the body. If it does spread, it usually first spreads to the lymph nodes in the armpit (axilla) close to the breast. These lymph nodes drain the lymphatic fluid from the breast and arm.

It is important to know if there are cancer cells in the lymph nodes in the armpit and how many. This helps the doctors work out the stage of your cancer and plan the best treatment for you.

Checking the lymph nodes before surgery

Before your surgery you have an ultrasound scan to check the lymph nodes in the armpit close to the breast. This is to see if they contain cancer cells. 

You usually have a biopsy of any lymph nodes that look abnormal. The biopsy is sent to the laboratory to check for cancer cells.

If this shows that the cancer has spread to the nodes in the armpit, you will have surgery to remove all or most of them. You have this at the same time as your breast surgery. This is called an axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) or clearance.

If the lymph nodes look normal during the ultrasound scan, you don’t have a biopsy. But you will have a sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) at the same time as your breast surgery. You have this to check if cancer cells have spread to the nearby lymph nodes.

Checking lymph nodes during surgery (sentinel lymph node biopsy)

The sentinel node is the first node that fluid drains to from the breast into the armpit. This means it’s the first lymph node the breast cancer could spread to.

Your surgeon usually carries out a sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) during the operation to remove your breast cancer. You have about 1 to 3 nodes removed to see if they contain cancer cells.

How you have a sentinel lymph node biopsy

A few hours before the operation, you have an injection of a small amount of mildly radioactive liquid into your breast close to the cancer. You usually have this in the nuclear medicine department in the hospital. The radioactive liquid is called a tracer.

During the operation, your surgeon may also inject a small amount of blue dye into the breast. The dye and the tracer drain away from the breast tissue into nearby lymph nodes.

The surgeon can see which group of lymph nodes the dye reaches first. They also use a radioactive monitor to see which group of lymph nodes the tracer gets to first.

Your surgeon removes between 1 to 3 nodes. They are sent to the laboratory to be looked at by a specialist called a pathologist. 

The dye can stain your breast slightly blue. It gradually fades over a few weeks or months. The dye also turns your urine green for a few days.

What happens after a sentinel node biopsy?

If the lymph nodes do not contain cancer cells, you won’t need to have any more nodes taken out.

If cancer cells are in the sentinel nodes, you have another operation to remove most or all of the lymph nodes under your arm. This is an axillary lymph node dissection or clearance. You generally have it about 2 weeks after you get the results.

Some people have radiotherapy to the armpit to destroy any remaining cancer cells instead of surgery.

Getting the results during surgery

In some hospitals, the surgeon gets the results of the sentinel lymph node biopsy during the operation. This is called an intra operative assessment. They can remove the rest of the nodes (axillary lymph node dissection) if necessary. You then avoid having a second operation.

Your surgeon will explain this to you before your operation, so you know what to expect. 

Removing most or all of the lymph nodes

An operation to remove most or all of the lymph nodes under the arm is called an axillary lymph node dissection or axillary clearance.

You have a general anaesthetic for this operation. You will be asleep the whole time.

The surgeon makes a small cut in your armpit to remove the lymph nodes. Generally, they remove between 10 and 15 lymph nodes. But the number of nodes in the armpit varies from person to person.

The surgeon sends the lymph nodes to the laboratory. A pathologist checks them for cancer cells. You get the results at your follow up appointment, about 2 weeks after surgery.

Some people will have radiotherapy to the lymph nodes instead of surgery.

Problems after removing lymph nodes

There are some possible problems after having surgery to the lymph nodes in your axilla. Not everyone will have these but there is a bigger risk if you have an axillary dissection.

A swollen arm or hand

You are at risk of long term swelling (lymphoedema) in your hand and arm after surgery to remove your lymph nodes in the armpit. This is swelling caused by lymph fluid that can’t drain away. It can happen any time after surgery and radiotherapy to your armpit. 

Not everyone will get this and it is less likely to happen if you only have a few nodes removed. But it is very important to speak to your specialist nurse or surgeon if you think your arm or hand may be swollen. 

Unfortunately, once you have lymphoedema it can’t be cured. But early treatment can help to control it. Your nurse will talk to you about ways of preventing lymphoedema.

Shoulder stiffness

Your shoulder might become stiff and painful after breast surgery to the lymph nodes.
Your nurse or a physiotherapist will show you exercises to do after your operation to help improve movement in the shoulder.

Scar tissue in the armpit (cording)

Some women develop scar tissue in the armpit after lymph node removal. The connective tissues in the armpit get inflamed, which forms one or more tight bands. This usually happens within the first few weeks or months after the operation.

The scar tissue is called cording or banding or axillary web syndrome. It can feel something like a guitar string. It can extend down the arm past the elbow, possibly as far as the wrist or thumb.

Cording is harmless but can be painful and can limit your arm movement. Massaging the area regularly can help. Tell your breast care nurse if you develop cording. They can refer you to a physiotherapist. They can show you how to massage the area and teach you stretching exercises. It usually gets better within a few months. Taking anti inflammatory painkillers may also help. Speak to your nurse or doctor about taking these. 

• Early Breast Cancer: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines 2019
  F Cardoso and others
  Annals of Oncology, 2019. Volume 30, Issue 8, Pages 1194–1220

• Early and locally advanced breast cancer: diagnosis and treatment
  National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) June  2018

• Treatment of primary breast cancer
  Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network, September 2013

• A systematic review of axillary web syndrome (AWS)
  WM Yeung and others
  Journal of Cancer Survivorship, 2015. Volume 9, Issue 4, Pages 576 – 598

Last reviewed: 

10 Jul 2020

Next review due: 

10 Jul 2023

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Swollen lymph nodes | Beacon Health System

Overview

Swollen lymph nodes usually occur as a result of infection from bacteria or viruses. Rarely, swollen lymph nodes are caused by cancer.

Your lymph nodes, also called lymph glands, play a vital role in your body’s ability to fight off infections. They function as filters, trapping viruses, bacteria and other causes of illnesses before they can infect other parts of your body. Common areas where you might notice swollen lymph nodes include your neck, under your chin, in your armpits and in your groin.

In some cases, the passage of time and warm compresses may be all you need to treat swollen lymph nodes. If an infection causes swollen lymph nodes, treatment depends on the cause.

Symptoms

Your lymphatic system is a network of organs, vessels and lymph nodes situated throughout your body. Many lymph nodes are located in your head and neck region. Lymph nodes that frequently swell are in this area, as well as in your armpits and groin area.

Swollen lymph nodes are a sign that something is wrong somewhere in your body. When your lymph nodes first swell, you might notice:

• Tenderness and pain in the lymph nodes
• Swelling that may be the size of a pea or kidney bean, or even larger in the lymph nodes

Depending on the cause of your swollen lymph nodes, other signs and symptoms you might have include:

• Runny nose, sore throat, fever and other indications of an upper respiratory infection
• General swelling of lymph nodes throughout your body. When this occurs, it may indicate an infection, such as HIV or mononucleosis, or an immune system disorder, such as lupus or rheumatoid arthritis
• Hard, fixed, rapidly growing nodes, indicating a possible cancer or lymphoma
• Fever
• Night sweats

When to see a doctor

Some swollen lymph nodes return to normal when the underlying condition, such as a minor infection, gets better. See your doctor if you’re concerned or if your swollen lymph nodes:

• Have appeared for no apparent reason
• Continue to enlarge or have been present for two to four weeks
• Feel hard or rubbery, or don’t move when you push on them
• Are accompanied by persistent fever, night sweats or unexplained weight loss

Seek immediate medical care if you’re having difficulty swallowing or breathing.

Causes

Lymph nodes are small, round or bean-shaped clusters of cells. Inside lymph nodes are a combination of different types of immune system cells. These specialized cells filter your lymphatic fluid as it travels through your body and protect you by destroying invaders.

Lymph nodes are located in groups, and each group drains a specific area of your body. You may be more likely to notice swelling in certain areas, such as in the lymph nodes in your neck, under your chin, in your armpits and in your groin. The site of the swollen lymph nodes may help identify the underlying cause.

The most common cause of swollen lymph nodes is an infection, particularly a viral infection, such as the common cold. Other possible causes of swollen lymph nodes include:

Common infections

• Strep throat
• Measles
• Ear infections
• Infected (abscessed) tooth
• Mononucleosis
• Skin or wound infections, such as cellulitis
• Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) — the virus that causes AIDS

Uncommon infections

• Tuberculosis
• Certain sexually transmitted infections, such as syphilis
• Toxoplasmosis — a parasitic infection resulting from contact with the feces of an infected cat or eating undercooked meat
• Cat scratch fever — a bacterial infection from a cat scratch or bite

Immune system disorders

• Lupus — a chronic inflammatory disease that targets your joints, skin, kidneys, blood cells, heart and lungs
• Rheumatoid arthritis — a chronic inflammatory disease targeting the tissue that lines your joints (synovium)

Cancers

• Lymphoma — cancer that originates in your lymphatic system
• Leukemia — cancer of your body’s blood-forming tissue, including your bone marrow and lymphatic system
• Other cancers that have spread (metastasized) to lymph nodes

Other possible but rare causes include certain medications, such as the anti-seizure medication phenytoin (Dilantin) and preventive medications for malaria.

Complications

If infection is the cause of your swollen lymph nodes and isn’t treated, an abscess may form. Abscesses are localized collections of pus caused by infections. Pus contains fluid, white blood cells, dead tissue, and bacteria or other invaders. An abscess may require drainage and antibiotic treatment.

Diagnosis

To diagnose what might be causing your swollen lymph nodes, your doctor may need:

• Your medical history. Your doctor will want to know when and how your swollen lymph nodes developed and if you have any other signs or symptoms.
• A physical exam. Your doctor will also want to check lymph nodes near the surface of your skin for size, tenderness, warmth and texture. The site of your swollen lymph nodes and your other signs and symptoms will offer clues to the underlying cause.
• Blood tests. Certain blood tests may help confirm or exclude any suspected underlying conditions. The specific tests will depend on the suspected cause, but most likely will include a complete blood count (CBC). This test helps evaluate your overall health and detect a range of disorders, including infections and leukemia.
• Imaging studies. A chest X-ray or computerized tomography (CT) scan of the affected area may help determine potential sources of infection or find tumors.
• Lymph node biopsy. Your doctor may have you undergo a biopsy to secure the diagnosis. He or she will remove a sample from a lymph node or even an entire lymph node for microscopic examination.

Treatment

Swollen lymph nodes caused by a virus usually return to normal after the viral infection resolves. Antibiotics are not useful to treat viral infections. Treatment for swollen lymph nodes from other causes depends on the cause:

• Infection. The most common treatment for swollen lymph nodes caused by a bacterial infection is antibiotics. If your swollen lymph nodes are due to an HIV infection, you’ll receive specific treatment for that condition.
• Immune disorder. If your swollen lymph nodes are a result of certain conditions, such as lupus or rheumatoid arthritis, treatment is directed at the underlying condition.
• Cancer. Swollen nodes caused by cancer require treatment for the cancer. Depending on the type of cancer, treatment may involve surgery, radiation or chemotherapy.

Lifestyle and home remedies

If your swollen lymph nodes are tender or painful, you might get some relief by doing the following:

• Apply a warm compress. Apply a warm, wet compress, such as a washcloth dipped in hot water and wrung out, to the affected area.
• Take an over-the-counter pain reliever. These include aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin, others), naproxen (Aleve) or acetaminophen (Tylenol, others). Use caution when giving aspirin to children or teenagers. Though aspirin is approved for use in children older than age 2, children and teenagers recovering from chickenpox or flu-like symptoms should never take aspirin. Talk to your doctor if you have concerns.
• Get adequate rest. You often need rest to aid your recovery from the underlying condition.

Preparing for an appointment

If you have swollen lymph nodes, you’re likely to start by first seeing your family doctor. When you call to set up your appointment, you may be urged to seek immediate medical care if you’re experiencing severe symptoms such as difficulty breathing or swallowing.

Here’s some information to help you get ready for your appointment.

What you can do

• Be aware of any pre-appointment restrictions. At the time you make the appointment, ask if you need to do anything in advance.
• List any symptoms you’ve been experiencing, and for how long. Among other symptoms, your doctor will want to know if you’ve had flu-like symptoms, such as a fever or sore throat, and may ask whether you’ve noticed changes in your weight. Include on your list every symptom, from mild to severe, that you’ve noticed since your lymph nodes began to swell.
• Make a list of all recent exposures to possible sources of infection. These may include travel abroad, hiking in areas known to have ticks, eating undercooked meat, being scratched by a cat, or engaging in high-risk sexual behavior or sex with a new partner.
• Make a list of your key medical information, including other conditions you’re being treated for and the names of the medications that you’re taking. Include every prescription and over-the-counter (OTC) drug you use, as well as any vitamins and supplements.
• List questions to ask your doctor.

For swollen lymph nodes, some basic questions to ask your doctor include:

• What’s causing my symptoms?
• What are other possible causes for my symptoms?
• What kinds of tests do I need?
• What treatment do you recommend?
• How quickly will I start to feel better?
• Am I contagious? How can I reduce the risk of infecting others?
• How can I prevent this from happening in the future?
• I have these other health conditions. Do I need to change the treatments I’ve been using?
• Is there a generic alternative to the medicine you’re prescribing for me?
• Do you have any brochures or other printed material that I can take with me? What websites do you recommend?

What to expect from your doctor

Your doctor is likely to ask you a number of questions, such as:

• What are your symptoms?
• When did you first begin experiencing symptoms?
• Have your affected lymph nodes gotten larger over time?
• Are your affected lymph nodes tender?
• Have you been experiencing a fever or night sweats?
• Have you lost weight without trying?
• Do you have a sore throat or difficulty swallowing?
• Have you experienced any difficulty breathing?
• Have your bowel habits changed?
• What medications are you currently taking?
• Have you recently traveled to another country or to tick-inhabited regions? Did anyone who traveled with you get sick?
• Have you recently been exposed to new animals? Were you bitten or scratched?
• Have you recently had sex with a new partner?
• Do you practice safe sex? Have you done so since you became sexually active?
• Do you smoke? For how long?

What you can do in the meantime

While you wait for your appointment, if your swollen nodes are painful, try easing your discomfort by using warm compresses and an OTC pain reliever, such as ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, others) or acetaminophen (Tylenol, others).

Last Updated: October 14th, 2021

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Enlarged lymph node problem

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900 02 Lymph nodes (hereinafter – LU) – guardians of the immune system. They play an important role in the body’s ability to fight disease. Functioning as filters, the lymph nodes absorb viruses, bacteria and other foreign agents that are the causes of various diseases.

There are about 600 LUs in our body. Some of them are located in places accessible for inspection. You can see them on the neck, under the jaws, under the armpits, in the groin.

In most cases, the causes of swollen lymph nodes are infections, less often autoimmune diseases, even less often – tumor processes. For example, if you have a runny nose, sore throat, cough, and at the same time the LU increases, most often this is a sign that your body is fighting a cold. As a rule, within a few weeks, their size decreases to the original.

However, there are situations that require closer attention and may indicate a serious illness. Seek medical attention without fail if:

• LU increased for no apparent reason;
• they don’t move when pressed;
• their appearance is accompanied by unmotivated weight loss, sweating, fever;
• increase in several groups of lymph nodes at the same time;
• redness, swelling of tissues, soreness in the area of ​​the lymph nodes.

In some cases, the presence of lymphadenopathy requires a puncture, a histological examination. Lymph nodes that are not available for objective examination (lymph nodes of the mediastinum and abdominal cavity) are evaluated using visual methods (RG, ultrasound, CT, MRI).

Here is just a partial list of diseases that can cause changes in the LU: tuberculosis, syphilis, staphylococcal, streptococcal infections, brucellosis, tularemia, diphtheria, cat-scratch disease, rickettsiosis, infectious mononucleosis, HIV, herpes simplex virus, varicella-zoster virus lichen, rubella, measles, viral hepatitis, dermatomyositis, Sjögren’s syndrome, serum sickness, sarcoidosis, Kawasaki disease, graft versus host disease; Hodgkin’s lymphoma, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, metastases of solid tumors.

Remember, every case of swollen lymph nodes must be evaluated by a doctor.

Doctors of Altamedica Medical Center carry out complex diagnostics and treatment with an individual approach to each patient.

Dyachenko N.S.

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Causes and Treatments

Contents

• 1 Armpit Lump: Causes, Symptoms and Treatments
  • 1.1 Can an armpit lump be dangerous?
  • 1.2 Types of underarm bumps
  • 1.3 Causes of underarm bumps
  • 1.4 Diagnosis of underarm bumps
  • 1.5 How to prevent underarm bumps
  • 1.6 Common treatments for underarm bumps underarm bumps
  • 1.7 Home remedies for underarm bumps mouse
    • 1. 7.1 Warm compress
    • 1.7.2 Special diet
    • 1.7.3 Aloe Vera
  • 1.8 Can I remove the bump under my armpit myself?
  • 1.9 How is the lump under the arm treated in the clinic
    • 1.9.1 Diagnosis
    • 1.9.2 Treatment
    • 1.9.3 Postoperative period
    • 1.9.4 Rehabilitation

    90 036

    • 1.10 Recovery after surgery to remove a bump under the armpit
    • 1.11 Underarm bump prevention
    • 1.12 Related videos:
    • 1.13 Q&A:
      • • 1.13.0.1 What can cause lumps under the armpit?
        • 1.13.0.2 What symptoms accompany a bump under the armpit?
        • 1.13.0.3 How can a lump under the armpit be treated?
        • 1.13.0.4 Can a bump under the arm be dangerous to health?
        • 1.13.0.5 How can a bump under the armpit be prevented?
        • 1.13.0.6 Is it possible to treat a lump under my arm myself?

  Lump under the arm can be a sign of various diseases such as lipoma, fibroma, lymphadenitis or even breast cancer. It is necessary to consult a doctor and conduct a diagnosis to determine the cause and further treatment.

  A bump under the arm is associated with cancer in most people, however, this is far from the only reason for its appearance. Bumps can result from a variety of factors, including inflammation, tissue damage, disorders of the lymphatic system, and more. They may be harmless and go away on their own, but some cases require medical attention.

  Symptoms of a lump under the arm may include soreness, swelling, redness of the skin and burning. Additional symptoms may also appear, such as fever, weight loss, fatigue, and changes in the shape of the breasts. It is important to note that in most cases, the bumps are harmless, however, in case of suspicious symptoms, it is necessary to consult a doctor for a proper diagnosis and treatment.

  Treatment for a lump under the arm depends on its cause. Some of these can be treated with medications, compresses, massage, and physical therapy. In some cases, surgery may be required. It is important to understand that self-medication can worsen the situation, therefore, in case of any doubt, it is necessary to consult a specialist.

  Can a lump under the arm be dangerous?

  Lump under the arm can occur for various reasons, including enlarged lymph nodes. Usually such a bump is not dangerous and is a sign of diseases associated with infection or inflammation. However, in rare cases, a lump under the arm can be a sign of a serious medical condition, such as breast cancer or lymphoma.

  Breast Cancer is one of the most common forms of cancer in women, and can cause a lump under the armpit. However, in most cases, the lump under the arm associated with breast cancer is accompanied by other signs, such as changes in the shape or size of the breast, discharge from the nipples, and lumps in the breast.

  Lymphoma is a type of cancer that starts in the cells of the lymphatic system and can appear as a lump under the arm. It should be noted that most armpit lumps are not a sign of lymphoma, but if the lump does not go away within a few weeks, it is best to see a doctor for more tests.

  In general, if you find a lump under your armpit, it is best to consult your doctor. It is necessary to take blood tests and conduct additional studies to determine the cause of the bumps. Seeing your doctor early can help you avoid complications and start treatment if needed.

  Types of underarm bumps

  Underarm bumps can vary in shape, size and causes. The most common of them are:

  • Lymphadenopathy – an increase in lymph nodes in the presence of an infection in the body. The bumps in this case are soft and mobile, soreness when pressed is possible.
  • A cyst is a hard lump of fluid or gel that may be congenital or acquired through trauma or infection.
  • Lipoma is a subcutaneous fat capsule that can be easily moved. Buds of this type are not painful, they have a slow growth rate and can reach large sizes.

  For an accurate diagnosis and proper treatment, you need to consult a doctor. Self-treatment can lead to an aggravation of the problem and complications.

  Causes of underarm bumps

  Underarm bumps can have a variety of causes, including:

  1. Lymphadenopathy: is a condition in which the lymph nodes become enlarged. Lymph nodes are located throughout the body, including under the armpits.
  2. Hydrocele: is a condition in which some fluid accumulates around the soft tissues under the armpits.
  3. Infections: Infections such as boils or abscesses can cause a lump under the armpit.
  4. Armpit cancer: Rare, but a lump under the armpit may be a sign of cancer. If the bump does not go away after a few days or weeks, you should see your doctor.

  In most cases, underarm bumps do not pose a serious health risk, but it is important to monitor their condition and, if necessary, seek medical attention.

  Diagnosis of underarm lumps

  The appearance of underarm lumps is a serious symptom that should be diagnosed as soon as possible. To do this, you need to see a doctor and go through the following procedures:

  • Doctor’s examination. The doctor probes the area under the arm and determines the size and shape of the bump, its stiffness and soreness. This will help determine whether the lump is malignant or benign.
  • Ultrasound. Ultrasound examination helps to clarify the size and shape of the bump, as well as to reveal its structure.
  • Mammography. This is an X-ray examination of the breast that can determine the presence of a tumor and its characteristics.
  • Biopsy. The doctor takes a small piece of tissue from the bump for analysis in the laboratory. This allows you to determine whether the tumor is malignant or benign.

  Doctors recommend contacting them at the first symptoms of a lump under the arm, as early detection of a tumor increases the effectiveness of treatment and reduces the risk of its recurrence.

  How to prevent underarm bumps

  Remember the basic rules of prevention to minimize the chance of underarm bumps.

  • Remember hygiene . Shower regularly and use an antiperspirant to avoid skin irritation.
  • Wear the right clothing . Wear comfortable clothing that does not restrict movement, as well as underwear made from natural fabrics.
  • Stay tuned . Carefully inspect the skin under the armpits and watch for new bumps, knots, or changes in size.
  • See a doctor . For prevention, it is recommended to regularly undergo examinations with a doctor, especially if you have discovered a lipoma earlier.

  Following these guidelines will help maintain healthy underarm skin and avoid the discomfort associated with bumps. If you still find a tumor under the armpit, consult a doctor for further treatment.

  Popular Treatments for Underarm Lumps

  Lumps under the armpit often cause discomfort and concern for people. As a rule, they are associated with various pathologies. When you find a lump, you need to see a doctor for a diagnosis and the most effective treatment. Along with traditional methods of treatment, there are also popular methods that can help deal with this problem.

  Ties and compresses. First of all, ties and compresses should be used, as they can significantly reduce inflammation and reduce pain. For example, a cabbage leaf or a walnut soaked in water can be applied to a bump. Also an effective method is to apply a compress, for this you should moisten a clean cloth towel in a salt solution and immerse it on the problem area, then apply a film on the surface and leave it overnight.

  Honey treatment. Honey has many useful properties. It is used to treat many ailments, including the reduction of underarm bumps. You need to apply honey to the bump, leave for several hours or overnight, then rinse with warm water.

  Use of vegetable oils. Vegetable oils are also used to treat bumps under the arm. For example, olive oil, which has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. It must be applied to the bump and massage the place where the pathology appears

  It is important to remember that popular therapies can help reduce pain and inflammation, but they cannot replace professional treatment. If you notice a bump under your armpit, you need to see a doctor to get advice and advice on treatment.

  Home Remedies for Underarm Lumps

  Lumps under the arm can be uncomfortable and painful, but some simple home remedies can help treat them.

  Warm compress

  You can apply a warm compress to the affected area. For example, soak a soft cloth in warm water and apply to the bump. This will help reduce swelling and pain.

  Special Diet

  Foods rich in antioxidants can help boost the immune system and speed up the healing of underarm bumps. Therefore, add more fresh fruits and vegetables, as well as nuts and fish, to your diet.

  Aloe Vera

  Aloe Vera has anti-inflammatory properties and can help treat underarm bumps. Squeeze the gel from an aloe leaf and apply to the bump several times a day.

  • Be sure to check with your doctor before using any home remedy for underarm bumps.
  • If the lump becomes larger and causes severe pain, seek medical attention.

  Is it possible to remove the bump under the armpit by myself?

  Lump under the arm can be of different nature. Some of them may disappear on their own after a while, while others require medical attention. Therefore, if you find a bump under your arm, you should not try to remove it yourself, but it is better to consult a doctor.

  The best thing in this situation is not to hire yourself, but to contact a specialist. He will perform the necessary manipulations, it will be necessary to conduct tests to find out the nature of the bump, and prescribe treatment in accordance with the diagnosis. Your health is worth it!

  How is a lump under the arm treated in the clinic

  Diagnosis

  When a patient comes to the clinic with a lump under the arm, the doctor makes a diagnosis. At the appointment, the specialist asks questions about the specifics of pain sensations and the nature of the formation, shows pictures with examples of diseases. Then an ultrasound examination is prescribed to clarify the diagnosis.

  Treatment

  After the diagnosis, the doctor prescribes the appropriate treatment. If the bump under the arm is not dangerous (for example, it is a fibroid), the patient can be observed by a doctor or take drugs that help reduce the size of the formation and relieve pain. If the formation is dangerous to the health of the patient, operations are performed: removal of the tumor or lymph nodes.

  Postoperative period

  After the operation, the patient is prescribed postoperative treatment, which helps to recover faster. This may be a course of antibiotics, restriction of physical activity, the use of special painkillers and drugs to speed up wound healing. It is important to follow your doctor’s instructions and never remove the stitches yourself.

  Rehabilitation

  After treatment of the lump under the armpit, the patient must undergo a rehabilitation procedure. This can be physiotherapy, massage, therapeutic exercises and other procedures that will help strengthen the immune system and speed up the recovery of the body. The doctor will monitor the patient and prescribe appropriate treatment for several months after the operation.

  Recovering from Armpit Lump Surgery

  Armpit Lump Removal is a surgical procedure that can lead to a number of undesirable consequences. After surgery, patients need to follow one of two recovery strategies: conservative or active.

  The active strategy is to move the patient quickly to avoid adhesions and maintain full arm dexterity. You will usually want to avoid strenuous activity for the first few days after surgery, and then you can begin to gradually increase the activity.

  Regardless of the strategy chosen, rehabilitation after removal of a lump under the arm should be under the supervision and guidance of an experienced physician. He will monitor the healing process, observe possible complications and select the necessary medications and exercises to help the patient return to a full life faster.

  Prevention of underarm bumps

  Underarm bumps can occur for many reasons, including enlarged lymph nodes, cysts, or tumors. To prevent their occurrence, the following recommendations should be observed:

  • Regularly check the chest and armpits. This will help detect any changes in the skin or tissues at an early stage.
  • Avoid injuries and bruises in the underarm area. Any damage can cause bumps.
  • Limit consumption of foods containing hormones and toxins. They can adversely affect organ function and slow metabolism, which increases the likelihood of tumor formation.
  • Maintain good hygiene. Wash armpits regularly and use antiseptic skin care products in this area.

  Although armpit bumps are rarely associated with serious illnesses, their appearance can be harmful to health and cause discomfort. However, regular monitoring of the condition of the skin and breasts, as well as compliance with hygiene rules, will help prevent the development of the disease in a timely manner.

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  Q&A:

  What can cause a lump under the armpit?

  One cause may be a disease of the lymphatic system, such as lymphadenitis. Also, a bump can form due to infectious diseases, trauma, or even a tumor.

  What symptoms accompany a lump under the armpit?

  Usually with a lump under the arm there is pain when touched or pressured on it. Reddening of the skin around the bump, fever, headache and general malaise are also possible.

  How can a bump under the armpit be treated?

  Treatment depends on the cause of the lump, but in general may include antibiotics, pain and anti-inflammatory ointments, physical therapy, or even surgery.