Which Cold & Flu Medication Is Safe to Take During Pregnancy? | UNM Health Blog

By Maria Montoya, MD
| February 04, 2022

You are pregnant and start feeling sick. Before you reach for that bottle of cold or flu medicine, are you certain it is safe for your baby?

When you are pregnant, your baby will be exposed to everything you are exposed to. This means that when you are sick with a cold or flu your baby will not only be exposed to the cold or flu virus, but also any medication you may take.

Typically, with most viruses, you must wait for your immune system to fight the infection. Over-the-counter medications can help soothe your symptoms while you wait.

However, not all over-the-counter medicines are safe to take during pregnancy. Certain medications may hurt the baby or cause problems for you, such as increasing your blood pressure.

Use this quick list of pregnancy-safe natural cold and flu remedies and over-the-counter medications as a starting point. Remember, read the directions on the package for any medication you might take. It’s also a good idea to talk with your doctor or midwife before taking a cold or flu medication.

Natural, Pregnancy-Safe Remedies

Before you try any medications, there are natural remedies you may find adequate relief from first. Here are a couple of safe, natural remedies to try:

• Gargle warm salt water
• Get as much restful sleep as possible
• Sip honey in hot water
• Stay well hydrated
• Use nasal saline sprays
• Try a humidifier

While not all herbs and supplements are safe in pregnancy. You may be able to safely take:

• Vitamin C
• Zinc
• Manuka Honey
• Elderberry

Talk with your doctor or midwife before taking any supplements or trying at-home remedies or essential oils during pregnancy.

If natural remedies don’t provide enough relief, consider these pregnancy-safe medications.

Pregnancy-Safe Cold & Flu Medication

It is best to avoid taking medications when possible. If you do need to take something, follow the package directions carefully. Talk with your doctor or midwife before taking medication during pregnancy.

These over-the-counter medications are considered safe for most pregnant patients:

• Acetaminophen (Tylenol)
  • Safe during the entire pregnancy.
  • Take only as needed.
  • Try to limit regular exposure.
  • Not safe if you are allergic to it or have liver problems.
• Pseudoephedrine (Sudafed)
  • Safe in the second and third trimester
  • Not safe in the first trimester due to a small risk of abdominal wall birth defects
  • Not safe if you have high blood pressure (hypertension) or a history of heart disease
• Chlorpheniramine (Chlor-Trimeton)
  • Safe during pregnancy.
  • Not safe while breastfeeding.
• Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
  • Safe throughout pregnancy.

Watch out for extra ingredients. Many cold and flu medications treat more symptoms than you may be experiencing. For example, Tylenol Cold Multi-Symptom treats headaches, fever, body aches, cough, chest congestion, stuffy nose, and more. If you just have a stuffy nose, this is more medication than you need.

A word about antibiotics. Some sinus infections are treated with antibiotics. In general, pregnant patients should not take antibiotics unless it is necessary. Make sure your health care provider knows you are pregnant if they prescribe antibiotics.

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Medications to Avoid in Pregnancy

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID) medications can hurt your developing baby. Do not take NSAIDs such as these when you are pregnant:

• Ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin)
• Naproxen (Aleve, Midol)
• Celecoxib (Celebrex)
• Aspirin (Bayer), unless your doctor or midwife prescribes daily low-dose aspirin.

Do not take these medications during pregnancy. These drugs can hurt the developing baby:

• Benzocaine (throat lozenges/throat sprays)
• Codeine (a pain and cough medication)
• Phenylephrine (i.e., Sudafed PE): it not considered safe while pregnant because studies with animals showed adverse effects to the fetus.

When you don’t feel well, the last thing you might want to do is read a medication label. However, it is worth taking a few extra moments to read the label and avoid additional risks. If you’re not sure what medicine is safe to take, call us. We are always here to help you.

To find out whether you or a loved one might benefit from Ob/Gyn care

Call 505-272-2245.

Categories:
Women’s Health

Can You Take Cold Medicine While Pregnant? What To Do for a Cold or the Flu

Navigating pregnancy can be challenging, especially during cold and flu season. You’ve probably taken over-the-counter (OTC) decongestants to combat cold symptoms in the past, but if you’re pregnant, you’re probably wondering which remedies are safe for you and your baby. Here’s what you should consider when looking for relief from cold and flu symptoms while pregnant. 

What should I do if I get a cold while pregnant?

If you find yourself with a case of the sniffles during pregnancy, start managing your symptoms by getting lots of rest and drinking plenty of fluids. Because some OTC cold medications can lead to complications or harm your unborn baby, you need to know which to avoid. Before reaching for your medicine cabinet, talk to your doctor about which cold medications are safe during pregnancy. 

Can having a cold or the flu while pregnant hurt the baby?

“Catching a cold won’t affect your unborn baby,” said Olga Tusheva, M. D., Inspira Medical Group OB/GYN. “They’re protected by the placenta, your immune system and their own immune system, ensuring they don’t experience symptoms.” However, more severe infections like the flu can be dangerous and cause complications that may affect fetal development. The flu shot can be a safe effective precaution for expecting parents. If you suspect you have the flu, talk to your doctor to learn about pregnancy-safe treatments that can help reduce symptoms and get you on the path to recovery. 

Which medications are safe for pregnant people?

Cold medications that are generally considered safe for pregnant people include:

• Acetaminophen (Tylenol)
• Some antihistamines, including loratadine (Claritin) and diphenhydramine (Benadryl) 
• Most steroid-based nasal sprays 
• Some cough medications, including expectorants, cough suppressants and most cough drops 

Always talk to your doctor before starting a new medication, whether it’s prescription or OTC. “If you have any concerns about your medication, don’t hesitate to call your doctor,” said Dr. Tusheva. “They can help you determine what’s safe for you and your baby.” 

Which medications should I avoid while pregnant?

Cold medications that are generally considered off-limits during pregnancy include: 

• Some pain relievers and fever reducers, including ibuprofen, aspirin and naproxen (Aleve)
• Most decongestants, including Claritin-D, DayQuil or Sudafed 
• Non-steroidal nasal sprays, such as Afrin 

Always read medication labels carefully and avoid alternative or homeopathic remedies, such as echinacea, vitamins, supplements and herbal remedies, until you have approval from your doctor. 

What natural remedies offer relief to cold and flu symptoms? 

“Before turning to medication to alleviate your cold and flu symptoms, consider naturally effective remedies,” said Dr. Tusheva. For symptom relief, use a humidifier or saline-based nose drops or sprays to alleviate dry nasal passages. Consider gargling with warm salt water to ease a sore throat and mix honey into your tea to suppress coughing. 

How can I avoid getting sick while pregnant?

One of the best ways to avoid getting sick while pregnant is to wash your hands thoroughly with warm, soapy water. Make sure you’re up to date on your vaccines, including your flu shot, and talk to your doctor about other ways to stay healthy. 

Inspira women’s health specialists provide personalized maternity care to pregnant people throughout South Jersey. Learn more about our treatments and services or schedule an appointment. 

Inspira Health is a high reliability organization (HRO), which means safety is the top priority for patients and staff. To make an appointment, call 1-800-INSPIRA.
 

Topics:
Women’s Health, Maternity

Colds during pregnancy: how to treat?

Any cold or respiratory disease in early pregnancy, during the primary formation of the fetus, can lead to unpredictable consequences and complications. The matter is complicated by the fact that most medications are absolutely contraindicated for use during gestation.

In this regard, the treatment and prevention of colds in pregnant women is an important issue, which should be approached especially responsibly! The main thesis is: be careful with medicines and apply mild preventive measures based on alternative medicine methods to avoid respiratory diseases and flu.

“One for two – immunity”

This is a very fragile system, it is not necessary to interfere in its work, but it is necessary to support and strengthen it. Pregnancy belongs to the category of special, albeit temporary, conditions during which a woman needs additional protection.

This issue will help simple recommendations that are available to everyone:

• During the period of frequent weather changes, it is necessary to dress warmer, paying special attention to shoes.

• During an epidemic, it is better for a pregnant woman to refrain from being in crowded places – transport, metro, shops and hospitals. If there is an urgent need, to prevent possible infection, a protective respiratory mask should be worn before leaving the house.

• Be especially careful about hygiene after visiting the street and public places. Upon returning home, the first thing to do is wash your hands thoroughly.

Interesting: More than 90% of all acute respiratory infections are caused by viruses, about 10% are bacteria and other pathogens. Accordingly, any soap can be used, not necessarily antibacterial.

• Before going outside, you can lubricate the nasal mucosa with oxolin ointment. Upon returning home, flush the upper respiratory tract with soda solution.

• Rationalization of nutrition and intake of vitamins will strengthen the immune defense. It is especially useful to eat fruits and vegetables that are enriched with vitamins and have not undergone heat treatment.

Interesting: our grandmothers used to say: in order not to get sick, you need to drink chicken broth! Strange, but until recently, scientists did not attach much importance to this prophylactic. Pulmonologist Stefan Rennard decided to find out if this was true or not. The professor conducted a study and proved that the use of chicken broth affects the mobility of neutrophils, white blood cells that protect the body from infections and activate the immune system.

• Vitamins can be taken using ready-made pharmaceutical multivitamin complexes. Before choosing a drug, you should consult your doctor.
• Compliance with the regimen and duration of sleep – at least 9 hours a day. The possibility of psychotraumatic situations should be minimized.
• Maintaining cleanliness in the living quarters (ventilation, wet cleaning).
• Air humidification is an important aspect in the prevention of influenza and respiratory diseases. If air conditioners or heaters are used in the pregnant woman’s house, it would be best to purchase a mechanical humidifier.

Medications for prevention

• Grippferon – a drug in the form of drops for the nose, which provides prevention and treatment of influenza, is not contraindicated for pregnant and lactating women. The medicine stimulates an increase in immunity, has a pronounced antiviral effect that can protect against colds, infections and influenza varieties.
• Ascorbic acid – can be used as a separate source of vitamin C in a synthetic version, with a reduced daily intake from food. Ascorbic acid not only prevents infection, but also fights viruses that have already entered the body of a woman.
• Viferon – nasal ointment, which is prescribed for the prevention of influenza and respiratory infections during an epidemic. The ointment has protective and immunomodulatory effects, and also allows you to deal with disorders that are already occurring in the body at the time of use. Viferon in the form of a nasal ointment has no contraindications for use in pregnant women at any time, including the first trimester.
• Aquamaris is a natural drug in the form of a nasal spray that allows you to moisturize the nasal mucosa, thereby reducing the risk of influenza viruses entering the nasal cavity.

I would like to say a few words about such a method of prevention as vaccination. Most often, the expectant mother may be at risk of infection due to the annual influenza epidemic. This disease is dangerous for a pregnant woman precisely because of its complications: pneumonia, bronchitis, otitis media. Influenza in a pregnant woman can also affect the health of the fetus. Most of all, it is dangerous in the early stages of pregnancy, when the tissues and organs of the human embryo are laid and formed. Viral intoxication or drug exposure can lead to pathology of the child’s organs. In later pregnancy, there is a risk of infection of the fetus.

The most dangerous consequence of influenza in a pregnant woman is threatened miscarriage or premature birth!

It is quite natural that expectant mothers often wonder whether or not to vaccinate.

Studies have concluded that the use of inactivated (“killed”) influenza vaccines does not have a teratogenic effect on the fetus and does not harm the health of a pregnant woman. After consulting with your doctor about such an inoculation, you can come to an optimal solution. If an influenza epidemic is inevitable, and the pregnant woman has no contraindications, then the vaccine should be given. If a pregnant woman has a negligible risk of infection, she does not come into contact with a large number of people, or is opposed to vaccination, then you can not do it. According to research, it is known that vaccination of the mother reduces the risk of influenza infection of the born child by 63%. Seasonal influenza prevention is carried out in September, October. Vaccinations for pregnant women are recommended from the second trimester of pregnancy.

In the period of a planned pregnancy, a flu shot is given 1 month before it: the formation of immunity occurs 2-4 weeks. Protection after vaccination lasts about a year.

If infection does occur, action should be taken immediately if at least one symptom of the disease is detected. The health of a pregnant woman and her unborn child depends entirely on her responsibility and respect for her own body.

Proven folk remedies will be used first. Since pregnant women cannot steam their legs, steam their hands, and this will facilitate nasal breathing. Bundle up, put on woolen socks and crawl under the covers: warmth, peace and sleep are good for colds. Do not forget to drink plenty of water – hot green tea with lemon and honey, lime blossom tea, cranberry juice, rosehip broth, dried fruit compote. Ginger in the form of tea also helps, not only with catarrhal symptoms, but with nausea in the morning.

Various hot milk drinks are also suitable. Honey can be added to milk, and it is best to boil it on onions. It must be emphasized right away that not all herbs for colds during pregnancy can be used. Here is a list of medicinal plants that are contraindicated: aloe, anise, barberry, elecampane (grass and root), sweet clover, oregano, St. Accordingly, preparations containing these plants should not be taken.

The use of medicines for colds during pregnancy must be treated with great care!

It is contraindicated to use the following drugs : Pertussin, Tussin plus, Joset, Glycodin, Ascoril, Travisil, Broncholitin, ACC, Grippeks, Codelac, Terpinkod. Do not use lozenges and lozenges for sore throat or cough are also undesirable due to the likelihood of allergic reactions.

Spray Pinosol, judging by the components indicated in the instructions, is not dangerous during pregnancy. However, the essential oils contained in the preparation – pine, peppermint, eucalyptus, thymol, guaiazulene (wormwood oil) – can lead to an allergic reaction with swelling of the nasal mucosa.

Viferon suppositories are allowed to be used only after 14 weeks from the start of conception. This drug contains recombinant human interferon alpha-2, ascorbic acid and alpha-tocopherol acetate and has antiviral, immunomodulatory and antiproliferative effects. It is used in the treatment of various infectious and inflammatory diseases in adults and children (including newborns). In the form of an ointment, Viferon is used to treat herpetic lesions of the skin and mucous membranes. The ointment is applied in a thin layer to the affected areas of the skin 3-4 times a day for 5-7 days.

The homeopathic preparation Stodal, which includes predominantly herbal ingredients, acts on various types of cough and has an expectorant and bronchodilator effect.

Viburkol – homeopathic suppositories – have analgesic, anti-inflammatory, sedative, antispasmodic action. They are prescribed in the complex therapy of acute respiratory viral infections and other uncomplicated infections (including in newborns), as well as in inflammatory processes of the upper respiratory tract and inflammatory diseases of the genitourinary system.

So, you can try to eliminate a slight ailment on your own, but there are conditions under which you need to call a doctor at home:

• Prolonged fever;
• Myalgia, fatigue, fatigue, general malaise;
• Difficulty breathing, nasopharyngeal lumps and dry or wet barking cough;
• A pregnant woman is troubled by severe pressing headache.

In conclusion, I would like to emphasize the importance of treating chronic diseases before pregnancy, a healthy lifestyle during childbearing and following all doctor’s orders.

I wish expectant mothers and their loved ones to try to maintain a good mood: optimists live longer and happier, they are more productive. Remember your victories and pleasant moments more often and everything will be fine!

Early, 1st, 2nd and 3rd trimester treatment

12/21/2022

9-13 minutes

22 757

Contents

• How to deal with SARS during pregnancy
• What is the danger of the disease during pregnancy
• Treatment
• Contraindications during pregnancy
• Preventive measures

Show all

ARVI or ARI is something that can happen to absolutely everyone, and expectant mothers are no exception. Pregnancy lasts for three seasons and almost always affects the period of increased incidence of SARS and influenza. So sometimes it is difficult to avoid infection, especially if a woman continues to go to work and is constantly in contact with people. But the body during this period is especially vulnerable to infection, and it is much easier to catch a cold.

How dangerous is the disease in this state for the woman herself and the unborn child? How to treat SARS during pregnancy and what are the contraindications? How to protect yourself from the disease in such a vulnerable position? Read our article, we will try to answer all the main questions.

What to do with SARS during pregnancy

Acute respiratory viral infections are one of the main reasons for hospitalization during pregnancy, so the best thing to do is to see a doctor. The specialist will select the optimal drug, taking into account pregnancy and condition, issue a sick leave certificate and, if necessary, send you for hospitalization.

Do not be afraid of this: usually the expectant mother is hospitalized to avoid possible complications and monitor her condition to prevent threats – this does not mean that the threat is already there. However, this should not be taken lightly either. The disease can be dangerous for both the expectant mother and the fetus: pregnant women are a high-risk group for the adverse course of SARS. ¹ What exactly is the danger of the disease during pregnancy, we will tell further.

Why is the disease dangerous during pregnancy

During pregnancy, ARVI usually takes a long time, but there are no severe clinical manifestations. The fact is that during this period the immune system works in a special way (this condition is called physiological immunodeficiency), pathological processes often become chronic. At the same time, viruses penetrate from mother to fetus through the placenta, so that all three components of the mother-placenta-fetus system are included in the infectious process. What does this mean for mother and child?

Viruses can negatively affect the permeability of blood and lymphatic vessels, cause changes in the tissues and organs of the fetus, and increase the risk of infection with pathogenic microbes.

Due to the entry of the virus into the placenta, placental insufficiency is formed, intrauterine growth retardation occurs, and chronic hypoxia (oxygen starvation) of the fetus is possible. Today, a direct relationship has been proven between placental insufficiency and the severity of late gestosis (a pathological condition characteristic of the third trimester) in pregnant women.

It is especially dangerous to get ARVI in the first trimester of pregnancy: according to statistics, it is during this period that the number of complications is greatest, and it is lowest in the third trimester. ¹

It should be understood that the mere presence of a cold in a future mother does not mean the mandatory development of all the described pathologies. Most women who get sick while expecting a baby give birth to healthy babies, everything ends well. It is only important to monitor the condition and take timely measures, especially with SARS during pregnancy in the first trimester. ¹

Treatment

Treatment of SARS during pregnancy is not an easy task, since information about the safety of drugs during this period is often contradictory. And many patients refuse to take any medication at all, because they think that it will harm them and the unborn child. This approach is also wrong: the longer the disease lasts, the higher the risks, and the poor health of the expectant mother also affects the child. Among the means, the use of which requires a mandatory consultation with a doctor, the following can be noted:

• paracetamol if a woman has a fever, headache, pain in the muscles and joints, which are often observed in ARVI. In studies conducted on animals and humans, no risk of using paracetamol during pregnancy or negative effects on intrauterine development of the fetus has been identified. In some preparations, paracetamol is combined with other active substances, which also help to alleviate the condition of the expectant mother; ²

For example, Coldrex HotRem, in addition to paracetamol, contains phenylephrine and ascorbic acid. The first allows you to eliminate nasal congestion, while the second provides the body’s need for vitamin C, which increases with a cold. The drug should not be used during pregnancy without first consulting a doctor who will weigh the pros and cons before prescribing it to relieve symptoms. ³

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• antiviral agents , which are used only when the viral nature of the disease is proven. However, such therapy has inevitable toxic manifestations, and its complete safety for pregnant women has not been proven – such drugs can also be used only with the permission of a doctor and under his control; ⁴

• antibiotics if a bacterial infection has joined the viral infection. The use of such drugs in pregnant women has a number of features that also need to be taken into account – doctor’s supervision is required in this case as well; ⁵

• topical preparations , for example, a vasoconstrictor spray to relieve the symptoms of a runny nose or lozenges to relieve a sore throat. The intake of such drugs and the dosage of active substances in them should also be discussed with the attending physician.

Contraindications during pregnancy

Are there any medications that are completely contraindicated during pregnancy? Yes, such remedies exist, and they are also among the cold medicines. Information about this is always indicated in the instructions for the medicine, and if pregnancy is mentioned in the list with absolute contraindications, it is definitely not worth using such a remedy. Consult with your doctor: he will be able to choose the drug.

Preventive measures

As we have already figured out, SARS during pregnancy is much more dangerous than in the normal state, and we must try to prevent infection. It’s better than curing the disease. Therefore, the observance of preventive measures during this period is especially important. We share the main ones.

• Minimize contact with sick people . And this is both relatives with whom you constantly communicate, and strangers. This is especially true for working expectant mothers who communicate a lot with colleagues or clients, or those who are often in public places. When the SARS incidence threshold is exceeded in the region, it is better to refuse to attend concerts, lectures and other events, and not to go to shopping centers on weekends. For some, this will be a serious change in the usual way of life, but the health of not only the future mother herself, but also the child is at stake.

• Wear a mask, wash your hands frequently . If contact with people cannot be avoided, cover your face with a disposable mask: it can reduce the chance of getting sick. And do not forget to wash your hands more often: it is especially important to do this immediately after coming home. Outside the home, when it is not possible to use soap and water, use sanitizers. They can’t replace proper hand washing, but it’s better than nothing.

• Avoid hypothermia, stress . Both can negatively affect the immune system, making the body defenseless against a viral infection. Dress warmly and focus on the most important thing, don’t worry about trifles. ⁷

Take care of yourself: in this joyful, but such a responsible period, a woman should carefully monitor her health and carefully observe all preventive measures. Think about whether you really need a trip to a crowded shopping center and whether you can temporarily transfer to work remotely in order to have less contact with strangers. This is especially important during the period of an increase in the incidence of acute respiratory viral infections and in the early stages of pregnancy, when the danger to the unborn baby is especially great. And if it happened that the disease still overtook, do not panic. Contact your doctor to choose the best drugs for pregnancy, and follow his instructions exactly.

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References

1. Malinovskaya V. V., Baranov I. I., Vyzhlova E. N., Shuvalov A. N. Treatment of acute respiratory infections in pregnant women // Obstetrics and Gynecology: News. Opinions. Education, 2019, With. 72–78.
2. LU. S. Lapushkina About the main thing: is it possible to take paracetamol during pregnancy?.
3. Instructions for use of the drug Coldrex HotRem.
4. Sharashkina N. V., Runikhina N. K., Burmenskaya O. V. Respiratory viral infections in pregnant women: analysis of laboratory monitoring results for the choice of etiotropic therapy // Farmateka, 2014.
5. Adamyan L. V., Kuzmin V. N., Arslanyan K. N. Features of the use of antibacterial drugs in obstetric practice. The problem of antibiotic resistance // The attending physician, 2015.
6. Paretskaya E. M. Treatment of SARS in pregnant women: cough, runny nose, fever.
7. Paretskaya E. M. Causes of SARS in pregnant women and factors that increase the risk of the disease.

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