Which cold medicines are safe during pregnancy. How can pregnant women alleviate cold symptoms naturally. What are the risks of taking certain medications while pregnant. When should a pregnant woman seek medical attention for a cold.

Understanding Colds and Flu During Pregnancy

Pregnancy can be a challenging time, especially when dealing with common illnesses like colds and flu. It’s crucial for expectant mothers to understand how these conditions can affect them and their unborn babies, as well as the safe ways to manage symptoms.

Colds are typically caused by viruses that infect the upper respiratory tract, leading to symptoms such as sore throat, headache, sneezing, and coughing. While uncomfortable, colds are generally not dangerous to pregnant women or their babies. However, the flu can pose more serious risks during pregnancy.

How do colds differ from the flu during pregnancy?

Colds and flu share some similar symptoms, but the flu tends to be more severe and can lead to complications. Here’s a comparison:

• Cold symptoms: Sore throat, headache, sneezing, blocked or runny nose, mild cough, and occasionally a low-grade fever
• Flu symptoms: High fever, severe fatigue, muscle aches, loss of appetite, and more intense respiratory symptoms

Pregnant women are more susceptible to severe flu complications, making it essential to take preventive measures and seek prompt medical attention if flu-like symptoms develop.

Safe Cold Remedies for Pregnant Women

When dealing with a cold during pregnancy, it’s important to prioritize natural remedies and safe over-the-counter options. Here are some effective ways to alleviate cold symptoms without risking harm to your baby:

Natural remedies for cold relief during pregnancy

1. Rest: Allow your body time to fight the infection and recover
2. Hydration: Drink plenty of fluids, especially warm liquids like herbal teas and broth
3. Saline nasal sprays: Use to clear congestion and moisturize nasal passages
4. Steam inhalation: Helps clear sinuses and soothe irritated airways
5. Honey and lemon: Mix in warm water for a soothing throat remedy

These natural remedies can provide significant relief without the need for medication. However, if symptoms persist or worsen, consult your healthcare provider for additional guidance.

Over-the-counter medications deemed safe during pregnancy

While it’s best to avoid medications when possible, some over-the-counter options are considered safe for pregnant women. Always consult your doctor before taking any medication. Generally safe options include:

• Acetaminophen (Tylenol) for fever and pain relief
• Certain cough suppressants, such as dextromethorphan
• Some antihistamines, like chlorpheniramine or loratadine

It’s crucial to avoid aspirin, ibuprofen, and combination cold medicines unless specifically approved by your healthcare provider.

Flu Prevention and Management During Pregnancy

Influenza can be particularly dangerous for pregnant women, potentially leading to severe complications for both mother and baby. Taking preventive measures is key to staying healthy throughout pregnancy.

The importance of flu vaccination during pregnancy

Getting a flu shot is one of the most effective ways to protect yourself and your baby from influenza. The vaccine is safe for pregnant women at any stage of pregnancy and can provide crucial antibodies that pass to the fetus, offering protection after birth.

Is the flu vaccine effective for pregnant women? Studies have shown that the flu vaccine can reduce the risk of flu-associated acute respiratory infection in pregnant women by about 50%. Additionally, it can decrease the risk of flu-associated hospitalization for infants under 6 months old by up to 70%.

When to seek medical attention for flu-like symptoms

Pregnant women should be vigilant about flu-like symptoms and seek prompt medical care if they experience:

• High fever (above 100.4째F or 38째C)
• Difficulty breathing or shortness of breath
• Persistent pain or pressure in the chest or abdomen
• Persistent dizziness, confusion, or inability to arouse
• Severe or persistent vomiting
• Decreased fetal movement

Early intervention can prevent complications and ensure the health of both mother and baby.

Medications to Avoid During Pregnancy

While some medications are safe during pregnancy, others can pose significant risks to fetal development. It’s crucial for expectant mothers to be aware of which medicines to avoid.

Common cold and flu medications that are unsafe for pregnant women

Pregnant women should avoid the following medications unless specifically approved by their healthcare provider:

• Aspirin and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen and naproxen
• Decongestants containing pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine
• Certain antihistamines, such as diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
• Combination cold and flu medications that may contain unsafe ingredients

Why are these medications risky during pregnancy? Some can increase the risk of birth defects, while others may affect fetal blood flow or lead to complications like premature closure of the ductus arteriosus.

Managing Cold Symptoms While Breastfeeding

Breastfeeding mothers who catch a cold may worry about transmitting the virus to their baby or the safety of taking medications. Understanding how to manage cold symptoms while nursing is essential for both maternal and infant health.

Can you continue breastfeeding with a cold?

Yes, not only can you continue breastfeeding when you have a cold, but it’s actually beneficial for your baby. Breast milk contains antibodies that can help protect your infant from getting sick. Additionally, the close contact during breastfeeding can provide comfort to your baby.

Safe cold remedies for breastfeeding mothers

Breastfeeding mothers can use many of the same safe remedies as pregnant women, including:

• Rest and hydration
• Saline nasal sprays and rinses
• Steam inhalation
• Honey and lemon mixtures (for mothers, not infants)

For medications, consult your healthcare provider, as some drugs can pass through breast milk. Generally, acetaminophen and ibuprofen are considered safe for breastfeeding mothers, but always verify with a medical professional.

The Impact of COVID-19 on Pregnancy and Cold Management

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has added an extra layer of concern for pregnant women experiencing cold-like symptoms. It’s crucial to understand the similarities and differences between COVID-19 and common colds or flu.

Distinguishing between COVID-19 and common cold symptoms

COVID-19 can present with symptoms similar to colds and flu, making it challenging to differentiate without testing. Common symptoms that overlap include:

• Fever or chills
• Cough
• Fatigue
• Sore throat
• Congestion or runny nose

However, COVID-19 may also cause more distinct symptoms such as loss of taste or smell, shortness of breath, and gastrointestinal issues. Due to the potential risks, pregnant women with any cold-like symptoms should consult their healthcare provider and consider getting tested for COVID-19.

COVID-19 testing and precautions for pregnant women

Pregnant women should follow these guidelines regarding COVID-19:

1. Get tested if experiencing any cold-like symptoms, even if mild
2. Follow local health department guidelines for isolation if tested positive
3. Continue prenatal care through telehealth appointments when possible
4. Maintain strict hygiene practices, including hand washing and mask-wearing
5. Stay up-to-date with COVID-19 vaccinations as recommended by healthcare providers

By taking these precautions, pregnant women can protect themselves and their unborn babies from potential complications associated with COVID-19.

Boosting Immune Function During Pregnancy

A strong immune system is crucial for fighting off colds, flu, and other infections during pregnancy. While pregnancy itself can affect immune function, there are several ways expectant mothers can support their body’s natural defenses.

Dietary strategies to enhance immunity

A balanced, nutrient-rich diet is essential for maintaining a robust immune system. Pregnant women should focus on incorporating the following into their diets:

• Fruits and vegetables high in vitamins C and A, such as citrus fruits, berries, leafy greens, and sweet potatoes
• Lean proteins, including poultry, fish, and legumes, which provide zinc and other immune-boosting nutrients
• Probiotic-rich foods like yogurt and kefir to support gut health and immunity
• Nuts and seeds for vitamin E and healthy fats
• Whole grains for B vitamins and fiber

How does nutrition impact immune function during pregnancy? A well-balanced diet ensures that the body has the necessary nutrients to produce immune cells and antibodies, helping to fight off infections more effectively.

Lifestyle habits for a stronger immune system

In addition to a healthy diet, pregnant women can adopt several lifestyle habits to boost their immune function:

1. Get adequate sleep: Aim for 7-9 hours per night to allow your body to repair and rejuvenate
2. Exercise regularly: Moderate exercise can improve circulation and boost immune function
3. Manage stress: Practice relaxation techniques like meditation or prenatal yoga
4. Stay hydrated: Drink plenty of water to support overall health and immune function
5. Avoid harmful substances: Quit smoking and avoid alcohol to protect your health and your baby’s development

By incorporating these dietary and lifestyle strategies, pregnant women can strengthen their immune systems and reduce the likelihood of catching colds and other infections.

When to Consult a Healthcare Provider

While many cold symptoms can be managed at home, there are instances when pregnant women should seek medical attention. Recognizing these situations is crucial for ensuring the health and safety of both mother and baby.

Red flags that warrant immediate medical attention

Pregnant women should contact their healthcare provider immediately if they experience any of the following symptoms:

• High fever (above 100.4째F or 38째C) that doesn’t respond to acetaminophen
• Difficulty breathing or shortness of breath
• Chest pain or pressure
• Severe or persistent vomiting
• Decreased fetal movement
• Sudden swelling of the face, hands, or feet
• Severe headache or vision changes

These symptoms could indicate more serious conditions that require prompt medical evaluation and treatment.

Advice for virtual consultations during the pandemic

Given the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, many healthcare providers offer virtual consultations. Here are some tips for making the most of a telehealth appointment:

1. Prepare a list of your symptoms, including when they started and their severity
2. Have your current medications and prenatal vitamins on hand
3. Take your temperature and note any other vital signs you can measure at home
4. Be ready to describe your fetal movement patterns
5. Have a pen and paper ready to take notes on your provider’s recommendations

Virtual consultations can be an effective way to receive medical advice while minimizing exposure risks during pregnancy.

Managing colds and flu during pregnancy requires a delicate balance between symptom relief and ensuring the safety of the developing baby. By focusing on natural remedies, safe medications when necessary, and preventive measures like vaccination and good hygiene, expectant mothers can navigate cold and flu season more comfortably. Remember to always consult with a healthcare provider before taking any medication or if symptoms worsen. With proper care and attention, pregnant women can effectively manage these common illnesses while protecting their health and the health of their unborn child.

Cold and flu during pregnancy and breastfeeding

Cold and flu during pregnancy and breastfeeding | Pregnancy Birth and Baby

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Key facts

• A cold is an infection of the upper respiratory tract caused by a virus.
• Colds usually get better on their own (without any taking specific treatment), but there are things you can do to help yourself feel better while you recover.
• Influenza (‘the flu’) is a viral infection that can cause serious complications in pregnancy for both mum and baby.
• The influenza vaccine is the best way to protect you and your baby from catching the flu.
• The flu vaccination is available free for pregnant women under the National Immunisation Program.
• Some medicines are not safe to use during pregnancy. If you are pregnant and not sure whether a medicine is safe to use, ask your doctor or pharmacist for advice.

Colds and flu symptoms can be very similar to the symptoms of COVID-19. Even if your symptoms are mild, get tested for COVID-19 immediately — use the colds and flu Symptom Checker if you’re not sure what to do. You can also learn more here about COVID-19 during pregnancy.

How do I manage a cold when I’m pregnant or breastfeeding?

A cold is a viral infection of the upper respiratory tract. This means that a cold can affect your throat and airways and cause symptoms such as:

• sore throat
• headache
• sneezing
• blocked or runny nose
• cough
• mild fever

Colds can be very uncomfortable, but they are not dangerous to you or your baby.

Colds get better on their own without any specific treatment. Antibiotics will not help you recover from a cold any faster, because colds are caused by viruses and not bacteria.

There are things you can do to treat your symptoms and make you feel more comfortable while your body fights the virus:

• Resting gives your body more energy to fight the infection.
• Drink lots of fluids — this will help you feel better and is important for your milk supply when you are breastfeeding.
• Avoid dehydration which can be dangerous in pregnancy — warm drinks with lemon and honey can be especially soothing.
• Avoid exposure to cigarette smoke.
• Use saline (salt water) nasal sprays or rinses to clear mucus from your nose and sinuses.
• Inhale steam (using a bowl of hot water, or a warm shower) to help clear your nose and sinuses.

There are some medicines you need to avoid while you’re pregnant or breastfeeding. If you’re not sure whether a particular medicine is safe to use, ask your doctor or pharmacist.

You should continue to breastfeed your baby if you have a cold so that your baby gets antibodies from your breast milk, which may protect them from getting sick.

How do I manage the flu when I’m pregnant or breastfeeding?

Influenza, also known as the ‘flu’, is an infection caused by the influenza virus.

Most people who catch the flu start to notice symptoms about 1 to 3 days after being in contact with someone carrying the virus.

Symptoms of the flu include:

• fever
• sore throat
• cough
• severe tiredness
• muscle aches
• loss of appetite

If you are pregnant and think you might have the flu, you should see your doctor right away. If you are pregnant, especially if you are in your second or third trimester, you are more likely to become seriously unwell with the flu than people who are not pregnant.

If your doctor suspects that you have the flu, they may take a swab from the inside of your nose and throat to confirm the diagnosis. They may also prescribe you an antiviral medicine if they are concerned about the effects of the flu on your health. This medicine is more effective the earlier you take it, so it’s important to see your doctor when you first notice flu symptoms.

There are also strategies you can use to relieve your symptoms while you recover. These strategies are similar to those used to treat cold symptoms.

Is the flu dangerous during pregnancy?

If you are pregnant, the flu can be dangerous for you and for your baby.

If you are pregnant, you are more likely to catch the flu, and you are more likely to experience severe symptoms and complications. Even if you are healthy and your pregnancy is normal, catching the flu can cause life-threatening complications.

Complications of the flu in pregnancy include:

• pneumonia
• damage to your heart or other organs
• premature labour
• stillbirth

Can I get the flu vaccine during pregnancy or while breastfeeding?

Yes. The flu vaccine is the best way to protect both you and your baby from catching the flu. The flu vaccination is recommended at any stage of pregnancy, anyone planning a pregnancy, or anyone who is breastfeeding.

It is safe to have the flu vaccine in pregnancy and while breastfeeding. It is free at any trimester during pregnancy through the National Immunisation Program.

You should get vaccinated against the flu even if you were already vaccinated last year. This is because the flu vaccine is updated every year to give you the most protection from the type of influenza that is expected to be common that year.

Free flu vaccination

The flu vaccination is free to the following groups of people under the National Immunisation Program:

• pregnant women
• children from 6 months to under 5 years
• Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people
• people with certain medical conditions
• people aged 65 and over

Speak to your doctor or pharmacist about getting your free flu vaccination.

What medicines can I take during pregnancy?

During pregnancy, you may have conditions that need treatment with medicines. Some medicines are not safe to use during pregnancy. If you are pregnant, it’s important to speak to your doctor or pharmacist before starting, stopping or changing any prescription or over-the-counter medicines.

Here are some common medicines and information about their use, during pregnancy.

• Paracetamol is considered safe at all stages of pregnancy.
• Ibuprofen and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) should not be used during pregnancy unless your doctor has prescribed them.
• Some cough medicines are safe during pregnancy, but not all types. If you are pregnant and feel very unwell with cold symptoms, ask your doctor or pharmacist for advice.
• Saline nasal sprays are safe to use during pregnancy. Decongestant nasal sprays (used to relieve a blocked nose) are generally safe to use during pregnancy.
• Oral decongestant medicines, such as pseudoephedrine and phenylephrine are not recommended during pregnancy.

There is limited scientific information about many herbal or complementary products or medicines and their safety during pregnancy. If you are thinking about using herbal medicines during pregnancy, it’s a good idea to check with your doctor or pharmacist about their safety and effectiveness.

What medicines can I take while I’m breastfeeding?

If you need to take medicines while you are breastfeeding, check with your doctor or pharmacist that they are safe for you and your baby. Even when your medicine is considered safe during breastfeeding, it is best to breastfeed your baby before you take your medicine.

While you are breastfeeding, it’s especially important to maintain good hygiene to reduce the chance of spreading the infection to your baby and other members of your household.

Here are some common medicines and some information about their use while you’re breastfeeding.

• Ibuprofen is generally safe to use in breastfeeding. If you are taking other medicines or have other health conditions, speak with your doctor about using ibuprofen in your circumstance.
• Aspirin is not to be used for pain or fever if you are breastfeeding.
• Codeine may make your baby drowsy, especially in young or small babies, and if you have a family history of codeine sensitivity. Codeine is found in many cold and flu tablets. If your baby becomes more drowsy than usual after you have taken codeine, stop using it and speak to your doctor.
• Pseudoephedrine is a decongestant found in some cold and flu tablets. It doesn’t transfer easily into breastmilk, but it is associated with reducing milk supply and may cause your baby to be irritable. Pseudoephedrine is not generally recommended if you are breastfeeding.
• Phenylephrine is another decongestant sometimes used in cold and flu tablets. It has not been well studied, but it seems to transfer poorly into breast milk. It is used for children and babies.
• Saline nasal sprays are safe to use while you are breastfeeding.
• Decongestant nasal sprays (medicines that relieve a blocked nose) with the active ingredients oxymetazoline and xylometazoline can be used while you’re breastfeeding because they transfer poorly into breast milk, and work in the nose.

There is limited scientific information about many herbal or complementary products or medicines and their safety while breastfeeding. If you are breastfeeding and want to use a herbal medicine, check with your doctor or pharmacist about their safety and effectiveness before you do.

Resources and support

For more information on influenza during pregnancy:

• speak to your doctor, midwife or pharmacist
• visit the Department of Health and Aged Care to learn more about influenza during pregnancy
• information is also available in Simplified Chinese, Traditional Chinese, Arabic, Tagalog, Greek, Punjabi, Italian, Hindi, Korean and Vietnamese

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Speak to a maternal child health nurse

Call Pregnancy, Birth and Baby to speak to a maternal child health nurse on 1800 882 436 or video call. Available 7am to midnight (AET), 7 days a week.

Sources:

The Royal Women’s Hospital
(Herbal medicines in pregnancy and breastfeeding),
The Royal Hospital for Women
(Medicines in pregnancy),
Department of Health
(Protecting your baby against influenza starts when you’re pregnant),
The Royal Hospital for Women
(Pregnancy and flu),
NSW Health
(Common cold in pregnancy and breastfeeding),
Department of Health
(Influenza (flu) vaccine),
Department of Health
(National Immunisation Program Schedule)

Learn more here about the development and quality assurance of healthdirect content.

Last reviewed: June 2022

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Related pages

• Vitamins and supplements during pregnancy
• Herbal teas during pregnancy and breastfeeding
• Diet and medication while breastfeeding
• Medicines during pregnancy

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Influenza (the flu) – National Asthma Council Australia

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Should I get the flu vaccine? – MyDr.

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Influenza (flu) vaccine | Australian Government Department of Health and Aged Care

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Influenza and Pregnancy – Immunisation Coalition

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Immunisation for pregnancy | Australian Government Department of Health and Aged Care

Find out about immunisation for women who are pregnant or planning a pregnancy.

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Influenza | Sharing Knowledge about Immunisation | SKAI

What are the side effects of influenza vaccines? Common side effects About 10 per cent of children (1 out of every 10) who have an influenza vaccine experience swelling, redness, pain at the injection site that lasts one or two days.   Between 1 per cent and 10 per cent of people (1–10 out of every 100) who have an influenza vaccine get a fever, headache, tiredness or lack of energy (malaise) or muscle aches (myalgia) that last one or two days.    Rare side effects

Read more on National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance (NCIRS) website

Influenza – Immunisation Coalition

About Influenza Influenza Symptoms How Influenza Spreads Influenza Complications Influenza Prevention Influenza Treatment About Influenza Influenza, commonly known as ‘the flu’, is an illness caused by a group of viruses (the influenza viruses) that infect the respiratory tract

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When your baby is six months old, one age-specific vaccine is recommended: the combined DTPa-Hib-IPV-HepB vaccine. This vaccine protects your baby from six diseases. Before influenza season, it is also recommended that your baby gets an influenza vaccine. The vaccines are given as needles, usually in baby’s leg.

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Pregnancy Safe Over-the-Counter Medications

As wonderful as pregnancy can be, there’s no denying the toll it takes on your body. After all, your immune system changes during those nine+ months and works extra hard to protect both you and baby. While those changes are incredibly complex and designed to help provide immune responses to baby as they grow, it can also make minor illnesses—like a cold—more common during pregnancy. But when you’re dealing with a cough, cold, allergies or other ailments, which pregnancy-safe medications can you take over-the-counter (OTC), and which should you avoid? And what dosage should you stick to? Below, we asked the experts for a list of medications you can take while pregnant, as well as what you need to know beforehand.

In this article: Rules to follow when taking OTC pregnancy safe medications What OTC painkillers are safe during pregnancy? What OTC heartburn medicine can I take during pregnancy?
What OTC pregnancy-safe nausea medicine can I take?
What OTC pregnancy-safe cold medicine can I take?
What OTC allergy medicines are safe for pregnancy?
What OTC pregnancy-safe laxatives can I take? OTC medications to avoid during pregnancy

Rules to Follow When Taking OTC Pregnancy-Safe Medications

If you’re feeling a little under the weather, you’re likely wondering what medicine you can take while pregnant. While there are many over-the-counter medications that are safe to use during pregnancy, there are also plenty that are not. Before heading to your local pharmacy, you should always to check in with your ob-gyn or midwife. Here’s why:

Medicine may affect you differently during pregnancy

Taking medications—whether they’re prescription, OTC, herbal or homeopathic—can be tricky during pregnancy. The biggest reason for this? Even OTC medications you’ve taken previously might affect you (and baby) differently while expecting. “Many over-the-counter medications are safe to use in pregnancy, but there are a few surprising drugs that can lead to problems for baby,” says Ashley Roman, MD, an ob-gyn with NYU Langone in New York City. “Always speak with your doctor prior to taking any medication and always follow the dosage instructions on the package.” Plus, some usually unconcerning symptoms, like headaches, can point to serious pregnancy-related complications in certain cases, Roman adds, so it’s always best to let your doctor know of any aches and symptoms.

Multiple medications may interact

When it comes to pregnancy-safe medications, certain OTC options are generally okay to use as long as you follow the dosage instructions for adults—but that could change if you’re taking multiple medications. “Even medications that are considered safe in pregnancy can become dangerous when they interact with others,” says Roman. “If you’re not sure, always check in with your ob-gyn.” The dosage for a certain OTC medication may also change depending on other medications you’re already taking.

There are liability concerns

While you may not go to your ob-gyn for every ache and pain during pregnancy, they’ll likely be the ones counseling you on what prescription and OTC medications to take, says Daniel F. Roshan, MD, a maternal fetal specialist at Rosh Maternal & Fetal Medicine in New York City. “Other doctors usually avoid giving any medications to pregnant patients in order to avoid liability,” he explains.

Furthermore, pregnant people are often not included in studies due to concerns over potential harm to baby. As a result, there’s a lack of data that makes it hard to know exactly what risks might be associated with OTC medications during pregnancy, says Cynthia Flynn, MD, a Florida-based ob-gyn with JustAnswer. “Any over-the-counter or prescription drug can potentially pose a risk,” says Flynn, especially based on how often the medication is used during pregnancy. The rule of thumb? Always check in with your doctor before taking anything, even if it’s on the list of medications you can take while pregnant.

What OTC Painkillers Are Safe During Pregnancy?

Pain in places like your back, legs, abdomen and even vagina are unfortunately part of the pregnancy package. Luckily, you can generally turn to certain OTC painkillers for relief.

Can you take acetaminophen while pregnant?

Medicine that uses acetaminophen as the main ingredient—like Tylenol—is generally seen as safest for treating general aches and pains, including headaches, Roman says. However, you want to be cautious about what type of Tylenol you take. “While Tylenol can be safe, Tylenol treating multiple cold symptoms typically is not,” says Michelle Gebhardt, MD, assistant chair for obstetrics at Kaiser Permanente in Northern California.

It’s also important to be mindful of how much Tylenol you’re taking. Previous studies have found that kids with the highest levels of acetaminophen in cord blood samples were more likely to be diagnosed with ADHD or autism spectrum disorder. While this sounds scary, know that many ob-gyns maintain that Tylenol is a safe painkiller in pregnancy—as long as it’s not being overused. Pregnant people should always follow the dosing instructions on the label and take the lowest effective dose, says Gebhardt.

Can you take NSAIDs while pregnant?

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs—better known as NSAIDS—include ibuprofen (Advil and Motrin), naproxen (Aleve) and aspirin. However, none of these are safe painkillers in pregnancy. Studies have found that prenatal use of NSAIDs causes an increased risk of miscarriage. “Certain medications, including nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen, can negatively affect the blood flow between mother and baby, causing miscarriages, delayed onset of labor and…other dangerous fetal effects,” says Sherry Ross, MD, an ob-gyn and women’s health expert. They may also be associated with “congenital heart defects when taken during the first trimester,” Roman adds. “They’ve also been linked to other heart abnormalities and low amniotic fluid levels when used in the third trimester.” For a pregnancy-safe painkiller, it’s best to stick to acetaminophen.

What OTC Heartburn Medicine Can I Take During Pregnancy?

Many pregnant people suffer from heartburn during pregnancy. Luckily, antacids such as Tums and Mylanta are usually safe to use and can help with symptoms, Roman says. If milder antacids aren’t doing the trick, you might want to talk to your ob-gyn about taking famotidine, also known as Pepcid, for pregnancy. “It crosses the placenta but doesn’t appear to be associated with any pregnancy complications,” Roman says.

Zantac—which uses ranitidine as its main ingredient and was previously considered okay to use during pregnancy—was banned by the FDA in 2019. “The FDA detected low levels of a cancer-causing contaminant in samples of the drug, and manufacturers voluntarily recalled the medicines,” Roman explains. While this sounds scary, it’s important to understand that the science around medicine is always evolving. The best way to protect yourself and baby is to consult with your doctor.

What OTC Pregnancy-Safe Nausea Medicine Can I Take?

Perhaps the most widely known ailment of pregnancy is morning sickness. According to Ross, nausea is a common symptom of early pregnancy, and pyridoxine, which is a form of vitamin B-6, is often recommended first to help with the symptoms. “Combining doxylamine and pyridoxine, also known as Unisom, is even more effective for persistent nausea of pregnancy,” she adds. Gebhardt also cites Emetrol (which uses glucose, fructose and phosphoric acid as main ingredients) and vitamin B6 as pregnancy-safe nausea medicines to try, as well as natural remedies like drinking ginger tea and eating crackers or dry toast.

In your pre-pregnancy life, Pepto-Bismol may have been your go-to nausea remedy, but now that you’re expecting, it’s best to steer clear. The main ingredient in Pepto-Bismol is bismuth subsalicylate, and according to the American Academy of Family Physicians (AAFP), while bismuth on its own is generally safe, it may be harmful when combined with salicylate.

What OTC Pregnancy-Safe Cold Medicine Can I Take?

Colds are par for course during pregnancy, especially in the winter months, but treating them can be tricky while expecting. The AAFP notes that most OTC cold medicines are considered safe for short-term use in pregnancy as long as it’s outside of the first trimester. Previous studies have suggested that exposure to certain decongestants, such as pseudoephedrine, phenylephrine and phenylpropanolamine, in early pregnancy may increase the risk of birth defects.

Can you take Robitussin while pregnant?

Wondering if you can take Robitussin DM while pregnant? Gebhardt, Ross and Roman say OTC medications with dextromethorphan (a cough suppressant) and guaifenesin (an expectorant that loosens up thick mucus) should be safe during pregnancy. These are the two main ingredients in many OTC cold medicines and cough syrups, such as Robitussin, Mucinex and others. To ensure it’s truly a safe cough syrup in pregnancy, make sure it doesn’t also contain alcohol, which is not safe, says Gebhardt.

Can you take Sudafed while pregnant?

Many experts believe that Sudafed—and other medications using pseudoephedrine as the main ingredient—should be avoided wherever possible during pregnancy. According to Ross, Sudafed may be used, but only cautiously, as it’s inadequately studied and has been shown to have negative effects in animal studies. Gebhardt recommends trying natural cold remedies first, such as saline nasal drops, drinking fluids, using a humidifier and getting enough rest.

Roman recommends avoiding pseudoephedrine altogether. “It may be associated with birth defects involving baby’s abdominal wall,” Roman says. “Also, decongestants (such as phenylephrine) may affect blood flow to the placenta and should generally be avoided throughout your pregnancy. ”

Again, always talk to your doctor before taking an OTC cold medicine during pregnancy. They can guide you on the best treatment based on your specific cold symptoms and pregnancy circumstances.

What OTC Allergy Medicines Are Safe For Pregnancy?

According to the American College of Obstetrics and Gynecologists (ACOG) and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), studies have found that most antihistamines, which are commonly used to treat allergies, are generally safe to use during pregnancy. These include medications with chlorpheniramine, dexchlorpheniramine and hydroxyzine, as well as newer antihistamines such as cetirizine and loratadine, as the main ingredient. Some brand name pregnancy-safe allergy medicines that Ross, Gebhardt and Roman say are safe to use for congestion issues include Benadryl, Claritin and Allegra. Zyrtec is also okay to use after 10 weeks of pregnancy, says Roshan.

What OTC Pregnancy-Safe Laxatives Can I Take?

Constipation is a common concern during pregnancy. Most ob-gyns will recommend dietary modifications or prescribe fiber supplements, like Metamucil and Citrucel, or stool softeners with docusate (a mild laxative), like Colace. All of these are considered safe for pregnancy, Flynn, Roman and Ross say. Additionally, the American Pregnancy Association cites Milk of Magnesia as another mild pregnancy-safe laxative that may offer relief. For anything stronger, always consult with your doctor. “Laxatives, mineral oils and rectal suppositories may stimulate labor, so these should only be used after speaking with your doctor,” Roman says. “Stimulant laxatives, such as Ex-Lax and Senokot, are the hardest on your intestines and should be used with caution during pregnancy.”

OTC Medications to Avoid During Pregnancy

While there’s a fairly lengthy list of medications you can take while pregnant, there are some OTC medications that should be avoided, including Zantac, Pepto-Bismol, ibuprofen, aspirin, Sudafed and more. Gebhardt also says to steer clear of Tylenol that treats multiple cold symptoms and Excedrin, which contains caffeine. “Before taking any medication, read the ingredient list to make sure it doesn’t contain anything harmful,” Gebhardt says. “There’s a surprising number of over the counter medications with alcohol or caffeine.”

Along with reading the ingredients, avoid taking multiple medications that can cause drowsiness or sedation, and check with your doctor about what medications are safe to take together. “For example, you would not want to take Benadryl (diphenhydramine) and Unisom (doxylamine) together,” Gebhardt says.

The bottom line? Pregnancy brings a lot of changes to your body, and it can be more challenging to find relief from minor illnesses, aches and pains. But finding relief is possible. “There are situations where the potential benefit of taking medication outweighs any potential risk to baby,” Roman says. “The most important piece of advice regarding medication is to talk with your doctor!”

About the experts:

Ashley Roman, MD, is an ob-gyn and maternal-fetal health specialist at NYU Langone Obstetrics & Gynecology Associates in New York City. She received her medical degree from Tulane University in 1998 and has been included in the “Best Doctors in America” database since 2007.

Sherry Ross, MD, is an ob-gyn, women’s health expert and author of She-ology: The Definitive Guide to Women’s Intimate Health. Period. and She-ology, The She-quel. She earned her medical degree from New York Medical College.

Michelle Gebhardt, MD, is the assistant chair for obstetrics at Kaiser Permanente in Northern California, where she has been on staff since 2012. She obtained her undergraduate and medical degrees from UC Davis and completed her residency in obstetrics and gynecology at Kaiser Permanente in Santa Clara.

Cynthia Flynn, MD, is a board-certified ob-gyn based in Florida with over 20 years of experience. She is also an expert with the online platform JustAnswer. She received her degree from the Michigan State University College of Human Medicine.

Daniel F. Roshan, MD, FACOG, FACS, is a board-certified ob-gyn and maternal-fetal medicine specialist with an expertise in high-risk pregnancies. He is also the director at Rosh Maternal & Fetal Medicine in New York City. After earning his medical degree from Tel Aviv University, Roshan received residency training in obstetrics and gynecology at Maimonides Medical Center in Brooklyn and completed a fellowship in maternal-fetal medicine at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore. He’s an active member of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) and the American College of Surgeons (ACS).

Please note: The Bump and the materials and information it contains are not intended to, and do not constitute, medical or other health advice or diagnosis and should not be used as such. You should always consult with a qualified physician or health professional about your specific circumstances.

Cold during pregnancy. What pills can pregnant women?

How dangerous can a cold be during pregnancy?

Adversity for the mother

• Threat of miscarriage (threat of miscarriage or premature birth).
• Complications (sinusitis, otitis media, bronchitis, pneumonia, inflammation of the heart muscle, gestational pyelonephritis, preeclampsia of varying severity, etc.).
• Exacerbation of chronic diseases (bronchial asthma, chronic bronchitis, cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, etc.).
• Increased risk of injury and blood loss during childbirth.
• Activation of chronic intrauterine infection, development of postpartum infectious diseases of the internal genital organs.

Risk of mother’s cold for baby

• Formation of fetal malformations.
• Intrauterine growth retardation.
• Oxygen starvation of the fetus due to the development of a complex of disorders of the fetus and placenta (placental insufficiency).
• Intrauterine infection (septic condition, congenital pneumonia, etc.) and fetal death.
• Deviations in the physical and mental development of the baby.

If there are signs of a cold (general weakness, fatigue, loss of appetite, headache, fever, sore and sore throat, cough, runny nose), be sure to consult a doctor! Do not self-medicate! Own methods of treatment and a prolonged cold can indeed affect the fetus.

We adopt folk remedies

In case of a mild course, it is possible to treat a cold during pregnancy, starting not with medicines, but with the use of folk remedies.

• Drinking

A warm drink is recommended. As with a common cold, pregnant women can and should drink green tea with lemon, raspberry jam, honey, lingonberry and cranberry fruit drinks, an infusion of chamomile flowers, linden flowers, berries and black currant leaves.

Source of ascorbic acid (vitamin C) – wild rose and black currant. Effectively helps in the treatment of colds during pregnancy, a rosehip drink.

It is prepared from a proportion of 5 tablespoons of crushed dried fruits per 1 liter of boiling water. The mixture is infused in a thermos for 8-12 hours. Warm infusion is consumed 1 cup 3-4 times a day.

In late pregnancy, heavy drinking may cause edema.

• Food

During a cold, pregnant women should eat high-calorie and easily digestible food (carbohydrates are preferred). The diet should include cereals (semolina, oatmeal, buckwheat, etc.), mashed potatoes and vegetables, honey, jam, jam, fruits (kiwi, oranges, bananas, etc.).

Spicy, fried, salty foods are excluded . Fresh onions and garlic can be a useful addition to dishes.

Onions and garlic should be used at the first sign of illness.

If, for some reason, these vegetables cannot be consumed internally, it is enough to decompose these fragrant products indoors into small pieces and inhale the vapors, which contain phytoncides that have a detrimental effect on viruses and bacteria.

• Aromatherapy

If there is no allergy, then for the treatment of colds, pregnant women are recommended to carry out aromatherapy using essential oils, the vapors of which kill pathogens, freshen breath, and reduce swelling of the mucous membranes.

Horseradish is well suited as a herbal immunostimulant. Its root can be grated on a fine grater, mixed with sugar in equal proportions. Put the mixture in a warm place for 12 hours, squeeze out the released juice and take 1 tablespoon every hour in the first 2 days of illness.

• Hand bath

In the fight against colds during pregnancy, a warm hand bath helps, it affects the receptors of the palms. At the same time, the woman inhales water vapor, thereby moisturizing the airways. To heighten the effect, it is recommended to add sea salt, infusions of medicinal herbs to the water. After taking a bath, put on mittens and woolen socks.

• Inhalations

In case of sore throat, nasal congestion and cough, it is useful to prescribe inhalations with Borjomi, soda solution, infusion of chamomile flowers, calendula, sage leaves, eucalyptus, etc. using a nebulizer or wide containers. Inhalations are recommended to be done 2-3 times a day for 7-10 minutes.

• Rinse

If a cold is accompanied by sore throat and sore throat, it is recommended to gargle with herbal infusion (chamomile, eucalyptus, calendula, oak bark), a solution of soda, salt and iodine (1 teaspoon of salt or soda and 2-3 drops of iodine per glass of warm water) .

• Ventilation

If you have a runny nose, be sure to regularly ventilate and moisten the room, rinse your nose with saline sodium chloride solution, which you can prepare yourself (dissolve half a teaspoon of kitchen or sea salt in a glass of warm boiled water) or buy at a pharmacy.

During pregnancy, medical preparations from sea salt and water , such as Salin, Aqua Maris, Humer, Dolphin, etc. can be used to treat colds. Washing should be repeated 4-6 times a day.

When the temperature rises above 38 ° cool water compresses on the forehead, rubbing the areas of the armpits and popliteal cavities, wrists, elbows with a solution of vinegar (three parts of water are taken for one part of vinegar) will help.

Be aware of allergic reactions to medicinal herbs, honey, lemon, etc.

What is prohibited during a cold for a pregnant woman?

Remember that pregnant women should not:

• soar legs,
• apply mustard plasters,
• visit baths and saunas,
• take hot baths,
• use licorice root for coughs (licorice (licorice) causes swelling and high blood pressure).

Active treatment with honey and raspberries is not welcome. This can lead to an increase in the tone of the uterus, to the development of allergies in the child.

What pills can pregnant women take for colds?

If the treatment of folk remedies was ineffective, you can use some medications that are allowed during pregnancy. But only with the permission of a doctor! What medicines can be used by pregnant women with a cold?

Symptom	Treatment
High temperature	Paracetamol is suitable for this, aspirin, complex drugs (Coldrex, Fervex, Teraflu, etc.), ibuprofen, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are contraindicated.
Runny nose	Vasoconstrictive nasal drops are contraindicated for pregnant women. They cause vasoconstriction of the placenta, increase blood pressure. For the treatment of a runny nose in pregnant women, pinosol can be used if the patient is not allergic to essential oils, as well as synupret in the form of dragees and tablets.
Cough	When coughing, it is allowed to use mukaltin, from the 2nd trimester of pregnancy, ambroxol is indicated.
Sore throat	For sore throats in pregnant women, throat sprays and gargles are safe: Chlorhexidine, Miramistin, Ingalipt, Argento Sept, Lugol, Strepsils Plus, Tantum Verde, Stopangin (allowed from the 2nd trimester of pregnancy).
Weakened immunity	Oscillococcinum can be taken throughout pregnancy to treat and prevent colds. It is necessary to start taking this drug at the first symptoms of the disease. From the 2nd trimester of pregnancy, you can use Viferon suppositories; during pregnancy, you can take Grippferon (nasal spray and nasal drops)

We remind you once again: before prescribing self-medication with pills (even if it is written that they are allowed during pregnancy), consult a specialist!

Can pregnant women take antibiotics?

The question of prescribing antibiotics for pregnant women with a cold is decided by the doctor.

Antibacterial agents of the penicillin and cephalosporin series, as well as macrolides, are allowed during pregnancy .

During pregnancy tetracyclines (doxycycline), fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin), co-trimoxazole, sulfonamides, aminoglycosides (kanamycin, gentamicin, amikacin) are contraindicated.

Colds during pregnancy are an unpleasant reality that many pregnant women will have to face due to reduced immunity. Despite the danger of the condition for the mother and child, the symptoms of a cold are well relieved by both folk remedies and medications allowed during pregnancy. The main thing to remember is that you need to treat colds and take medications only under the supervision of a doctor. Seemingly insignificant nuances can lead to the most serious consequences, dangerous for mother and child.

4 steps to prevent colds during pregnancy

Colds during pregnancy, what can pregnant women do with a cold, how to treat if they have a temperature, what can they drink.

Treatment of colds during pregnancy

Acute respiratory diseases, also called colds, can also occur in pregnant women. Over the entire period of bearing a child, approximately 2/3 of expectant mothers suffer one or more episodes of a cold, which can have a course of varying severity. In most cases, colds are caused by viruses. ¹

A cold while carrying a child can adversely affect its development. Oxygen deficiency due to a runny nose negatively affects the baby. At the same time, the treatment of a cold is fraught with difficulties – pregnant women should not take many medicines, as they can also affect the development of the fetus.

Causes and risk factors

Most often, pregnant women get sick with a cold in the autumn-winter-spring periods. It is during these seasons that influenza and SARS epidemics are observed. The main cause of the development of a cold are pathogens from the group of rhinoviruses, adenoviruses, enteroviruses, as well as influenza and parainfluenza viruses. Bacteria usually lead to the development of lower respiratory tract infections – tracheitis, bronchitis, etc.

Risk factors include various concomitant diseases in pregnant women. These can be diseases of the cardiovascular, digestive, immune, endocrine and other systems. Respiratory diseases are considered the most dangerous risk factor, especially if they occur in a chronic form. Pregnancy itself is also a risk factor, since in this natural state for a woman, immunity decreases and protective mechanisms weaken. ¹

Risk of colds for pregnant women

Cold pathogens initially enter the upper respiratory tract (usually the nasal cavity) and begin to actively multiply in the epithelium of the mucous membrane. As a result, an inflammatory reaction develops, which leads to the appearance of characteristic symptoms – a runny nose, nasal congestion and difficulty in nasal breathing.

In case of a severe course of a cold (flu), other parts of the respiratory system may also be affected with the development of more serious complications that affect the health of the mother. These complications can also affect the course of pregnancy, leading to conditions such as:

• Fetal malformations.
• Miscarriages.
• Intrauterine infections.
• Intrauterine growth retardation.
• Placental abruption.
• Fetal hypoxia.

The effect of a cold on pregnancy can occur in a variety of ways. First of all, any infection leads to a change in the functioning of the immune system, namely, to the development of immunodeficiency. Against the background of an already existing immunodeficiency during pregnancy, such changes can lead to the activation of diseases that have been in a “dormant” state for a long time (allergies, bronchial asthma, etc.). In addition, ARI pathogens have a toxic effect on the body of the expectant mother, which manifests itself in a change in the circulatory system. As a result, the risk of developing thrombosis or bleeding increases. Toxic effects can lead to oxygen starvation of the mother and fetus, which is also accompanied by an increased risk of complications.

Fortunately, acute respiratory infections in pregnant women usually occur in a mild form, like a cold. ¹ Therefore, when prescribing timely treatment for colds during pregnancy, health risks can be reduced to a minimum.

Pregnancy 1st trimester

The most dangerous period. At this time, the organs of the fetus are just being formed, so the risk of pathology is high. In addition, the onset of gestation is accompanied by a decrease in the mother’s immunity. At this stage, prevention is very important.

Complications that may require antibiotics are no less dangerous. It is advisable to treat a cold during pregnancy using rinsing the nose and throat with solutions of sea water, bed rest and drinking plenty of water.

Pregnancy 2nd trimester

In this period, the placenta is formed, as well as the main organs of the child, so the risks of the disease are less. The therapy is predominantly symptomatic: washing the nose and throat with solutions of sea water, antipyretic at high temperatures.

Pregnancy 3rd trimester

It is characterized by more severe symptoms, because the woman’s body at this stage has to work for two. The disease can provoke premature birth, so bed rest is recommended. For the treatment of colds, seawater solutions are also used to wash the nose and throat. Additionally, you can use other drugs that are allowed during pregnancy, which are prescribed by a doctor.

Features of the course of a cold during pregnancy

In pregnant women, acute respiratory infections can have a long course. The causative agents of infections from the upper respiratory tract, together with the blood, enter the placenta, where they begin to multiply actively. This is associated with a high risk of fetal complications. ²

The symptoms of a cold during pregnancy are the same as those of other people. These include cough, runny nose, sore throat, nasal congestion. Also, a cold during pregnancy can be manifested by an increase in body temperature. Along with this symptom, there are complaints of weakness, fatigue, poor appetite.

Prevention

Difficulties in treatment make prevention especially relevant. A product such as Aqualor can be used as a prophylaxis for washing the nasal cavity and removing pathogens of respiratory infections from it in the autumn-winter-spring period. It helps not only to prevent, but also to help treat the disease at the first symptoms.

Danger

Some viruses pose a threat to the fetus, they can cause changes in its development. Also, the disease is dangerous for its complications, so the treatment of a cold at home should be carried out only after consulting a doctor. A timely diagnosed cold in the nose allows you to stop the spread of infection, prevents the development of bronchitis, otitis media and other complications.

What to do at the first symptoms of a cold

Like the treatment of a cold in children, a disease in pregnant women requires medical supervision. You can help your body with a light plant-based diet, plenty of fluids, and regular nose and throat rinsing.

Aqualor sprays can help treat colds and runny nose: they remove pathogens from the surface of the mucous membrane of the nose and throat, cleanse the nose of crusts and excess mucus, moisturize the mucous membrane and create all the conditions for recovery.

How to treat a pregnant woman for a cold

The first question that worries expectant mothers is how to treat a cold during pregnancy so as not to harm the baby? “Classic” drugs in this case are not always used due to the lack of information about their safety. In some cases, women themselves refuse any drugs for fear of affecting the course of pregnancy. Therefore, the treatment of a cold in such cases begins with general recommendations. The main requirements are plenty of fluids, rest, light meals and cleansing of the nasopharynx. Treatment during illness with fever includes the use of antipyretics prescribed by a doctor. It is important to provide assistance as soon as possible and prevent the development of complications.

Exact treatment regimens are selected based on the causes and characteristics of the course of a cold in a particular patient. The disease can be caused by both viruses and bacteria, and it can occur in acute and chronic forms. Also, do not forget about possible complications that may require more complex and lengthy treatment.

In almost all cases, the treatment of a cold at home can be started with a universal method – irrigation of the mucous membrane with a solution of sea water. The unique mineral composition activates natural defenses, the optimal water-salt balance creates conditions for the normal functioning of tissues.

Aqualor refers to those drugs that are allowed and recommended for pregnant women for treatment. The product is based on sea water, improves nasal breathing, prevents maternal and fetal hypoxia.

The drug is available both in 150 ml bottles, suitable for long-term use at home, and in 50 ml mini-formats, which are convenient to take with you. All Aqualor products are suitable for pregnant women, with the exception of Aqualor Protect. The choice is made depending on the causes and characteristics of the course of a cold. Aqualor Soft Duo spray is suitable for regular nasal rinsing, Aqualor Forte Duo can be used to relieve congestion. With a severe runny nose, you can use the Aqualor Active Forte spray, with a prolonged runny nose – Aqualor Active Soft. The products of the Aqualor Active line are enriched with CO 9 bubbles0317 2 , which contribute to the destruction of bacterial biofilms, which can cause prolonged and severe rhinitis.

What not to do

It is important to understand that therapy in pregnant women is very different from usual. It is strictly forbidden to take medicines without the consent of the doctor. Many drugs are contraindicated during pregnancy, others are prescribed only if the potential benefit outweighs the harm.

Symptomatic relief requires a cold without fever. Her treatment excludes drugs that include alcohol, antibiotics, sulfonamides. Their appointment should be supervised by a doctor.

Flushing and drinking plenty of water are good if the first signs of a cold are observed. Treatment of complications is always carried out by a specialist. Help is urgently needed if:

• high temperature (above 39 degrees) or it does not go astray;
• there is persistent vomiting;
• uterine tone or contractions are observed;
• there is bloody discharge from the vagina;
• on the fifth day there is no improvement, the general condition worsens;
• has rashes.

Terminals

Therapy of acute respiratory infections in pregnant women, as well as the treatment of a cold during breastfeeding, requires caution in prescribing medications. Aqualor is a good remedy for prevention and symptomatic relief. With it, you can restore nasal breathing and improve well-being.

Literature:

1. Bontsevich R. A., Golovchenko O. V. Mucolytic therapy for acute respiratory infections in pregnant women // MS.