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Mold in the sinuses. Chronic Illness and Mold Exposure: Exploring the Link Between Fungal Biofilms and Health Issues

by alexxlab

How does mold exposure affect human health. What role do fungal biofilms play in chronic illnesses. Can mycotoxins in water-damaged buildings cause long-term health problems. Why are naso-sinus fungal infections a concern for indoor air quality.

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The Hidden Dangers of Mold Exposure in Indoor Environments

Mold exposure in indoor environments has been linked to a variety of chronic health issues. Research suggests that fungal growth, particularly in water-damaged buildings, may contribute to respiratory problems, neurological symptoms, and immune system dysfunction. Understanding the mechanisms behind mold-related illnesses is crucial for prevention and treatment.

Common Health Effects of Mold Exposure

  • Respiratory issues (asthma, bronchitis, sinusitis)
  • Neurological symptoms (headaches, cognitive difficulties)
  • Immune system dysfunction
  • Fatigue and weakness
  • Skin irritation and allergic reactions

Is there a connection between mold exposure and specific medical conditions. Studies have found associations between mold exposure and conditions such as chronic fatigue syndrome, sarcoidosis, and asthma-like symptoms. However, more research is needed to fully understand these relationships.

The Role of Mycotoxins in Mold-Related Illnesses

Mycotoxins are toxic compounds produced by certain types of mold. These substances can have serious health effects when inhaled, ingested, or absorbed through the skin. In water-damaged buildings, mycotoxins may be present in the air, dust, and on surfaces.

Common Mycotoxins Found in Indoor Environments

  • Trichothecenes
  • Aflatoxins
  • Ochratoxins
  • Fumonisins

How do mycotoxins affect human health. Exposure to mycotoxins can lead to a range of symptoms, including respiratory issues, neurological problems, and immune system suppression. Some mycotoxins, such as trichothecenes produced by Stachybotrys chartarum (black mold), are particularly potent and can cause severe health effects.

Naso-Sinus Fungal Biofilms: A Potential Culprit in Chronic Illness

Recent research has focused on the role of fungal biofilms in the nasal passages and sinuses as a potential source of ongoing health issues. These biofilms are complex communities of microorganisms that can be difficult to eliminate and may contribute to chronic inflammation and immune system dysfunction.

Characteristics of Fungal Biofilms

  • Resistant to antifungal treatments
  • Capable of producing mycotoxins
  • Can trigger chronic immune responses
  • May contribute to ongoing sinus infections

Why are naso-sinus fungal biofilms particularly concerning. The proximity of these biofilms to the brain and respiratory system means they can potentially have wide-ranging effects on health. Additionally, their persistent nature makes them difficult to treat effectively with conventional methods.

The Impact of Water-Damaged Buildings on Indoor Air Quality

Water damage in buildings creates an ideal environment for mold growth and the production of mycotoxins. Studies have shown that occupants of water-damaged buildings are at higher risk for various health issues, including respiratory problems and neurological symptoms.

Signs of Water Damage and Mold Growth

  • Visible mold growth
  • Musty odors
  • Water stains on walls or ceilings
  • Peeling paint or wallpaper
  • Warped wood or drywall

How can water damage be prevented and addressed. Regular building maintenance, prompt repair of leaks, and proper ventilation are key to preventing water damage and mold growth. If water damage occurs, it’s crucial to address it quickly and thoroughly to minimize the risk of mold development.

Diagnosing and Treating Mold-Related Illnesses

Diagnosing mold-related illnesses can be challenging due to the wide range of symptoms and potential overlap with other conditions. A comprehensive approach that includes medical history, physical examination, and specialized testing may be necessary.

Diagnostic Approaches for Mold-Related Illnesses

  • Blood tests for mycotoxin exposure
  • Nasal swabs for fungal cultures
  • Imaging studies of the sinuses
  • Environmental testing of living spaces
  • Neurological and cognitive assessments

What treatment options are available for mold-related illnesses. Treatment typically involves a multifaceted approach, including removal from the moldy environment, antifungal medications, immune system support, and addressing specific symptoms. In some cases, more targeted treatments for fungal biofilms may be necessary.

Prevention Strategies: Minimizing Mold Exposure in Indoor Environments

Preventing mold growth and exposure is crucial for maintaining a healthy indoor environment. This involves controlling moisture levels, improving ventilation, and addressing any water damage promptly.

Key Prevention Strategies

  • Maintain indoor humidity levels below 60%
  • Use dehumidifiers in damp areas
  • Ensure proper ventilation, especially in bathrooms and kitchens
  • Fix leaks and water damage immediately
  • Regularly inspect and clean HVAC systems

How can individuals protect themselves from mold exposure in public buildings. Being aware of signs of water damage and mold growth, reporting concerns to building management, and using air purifiers with HEPA filters can help reduce exposure in public spaces.

Future Research Directions: Unraveling the Complexities of Mold-Related Illnesses

While significant progress has been made in understanding the health effects of mold exposure, many questions remain. Future research is needed to further elucidate the mechanisms behind mold-related illnesses and develop more effective diagnostic and treatment strategies.

Potential Areas for Future Research

  • Long-term health effects of chronic low-level mold exposure
  • Genetic factors influencing susceptibility to mold-related illnesses
  • Development of more sensitive and specific diagnostic tests
  • Novel treatments for fungal biofilms and mycotoxin exposure
  • Improved methods for detecting and quantifying mycotoxins in indoor environments

How can advances in technology contribute to mold-related research. Emerging technologies such as next-generation sequencing, advanced imaging techniques, and artificial intelligence may provide new insights into the complex interactions between mold, mycotoxins, and human health.

The Importance of Public Awareness and Education

Increasing public awareness about the potential health risks associated with mold exposure is crucial for prevention and early intervention. Education efforts should target both individuals and professionals involved in building maintenance and healthcare.

Key Areas for Public Education

  • Recognizing signs of mold growth and water damage
  • Understanding the health risks associated with mold exposure
  • Proper cleaning and remediation techniques for small-scale mold problems
  • When to seek professional help for mold remediation
  • Importance of regular building maintenance and moisture control

How can healthcare professionals stay informed about mold-related illnesses. Continuing education programs, interdisciplinary conferences, and collaboration between environmental health experts and medical professionals can help ensure that healthcare providers are equipped to recognize and address mold-related health issues.

In conclusion, the link between mold exposure and chronic illness is a complex and evolving area of research. While much remains to be learned, the evidence suggests that fungal biofilms, particularly in the naso-sinus region, may play a significant role in the development and persistence of mold-related health issues. By increasing awareness, improving prevention strategies, and advancing research efforts, we can work towards reducing the impact of mold exposure on human health.

Chronic Illness Associated with Mold and Mycotoxins: Is Naso-Sinus Fungal Biofilm the Culprit?

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Mold Sinus infection – Fungal Sinusitis

  • Posted on: Sep 20 2019
  • By: Sinus & Snoring Specialists

You may have been told that your sinus infection is a “mold” sinus infection. Typically along with this explanation, you may have been told that there is no good treatment for this condition.

Allergic Fungal Sinusitis (AFS) is a very frustrating condition to treat as it is not like a typical bacterial sinus infection at all.

AFS is actually not an infection, but really an overzealous local immune response in the nasal and sinus tissue to exposure to mold.

Mold spores are very light and are floating in the air.  In patients with AFS, they breathe the mold into their nasal and sinus cavities causing an intense and exuberant short term and long term allergic inflammatory reaction.

The nasal and sinus lining develops severe swelling. This causes a blockage of the sinus outflow tracts, trapping some mold to grow and accumulate inside the sinuses. Associated pooling of sinus secretions creates a secondary bacterial infection in most cases as well.

This persistent reaction fails to respond to traditional medical treatment for sinus infection. Instead, it progresses to develop nasal polyps. These polyps are not malignant but instead, they are just extremely swollen lining that hangs into the nasal airway like large grapes.

The patient is usually miserable, with severe nasal blockage and sinus complaints, with only temporary relief with systemic steroids and antibiotics.

Even if traditional sinus surgery is done, the underlying condition is still present and the polyps tend to recur.  This causes a terrible cycle of treatment failure.

What is the modern way to successfully manage this difficult problem?

After medical therapy has failed, the following treatment algorithm gives the best chance for success:

  1. Non-surgical balloon sinuplasty and removal of polyps as an office procedure under IV sedation. Any other structural issues such as a deviated septum should be addressed at the same time.
  2. Wash out the sinus cavities (Cyclone® lavage) during the balloon sinuplasty, with a solution against inflammation, bacteria, and mold.
  3. Allergy skin test to treat common allergens with allergy drop therapy.   All 4 common mold allergens are added to the drops, even if the patient does not test positive for mold as the allergy.  This allergy can be isolated to the nasal and sinus lining and may not show on testing. These allergy drops make the patient have IgG blocking antibodies to block the allergic reaction before it occurs.
  4. Use new “biologic” treatment – Dupixent. This antibody is injected twice a month at home by the patient. It actually blocks the over-exuberant allergic response to the mold allergy by blocking certain receptor sites that are part of the allergic reaction.
  5. Examine your local home and work environment to reduce mold exposure.

With this comprehensive yet minimally invasive approach, we can have longterm success in treating this previously troublesome condition.

Schedule A Consultation

If you have been told you have AFS, come see us for a consultation and a better approach.   He will perform an in-depth evaluation and determine the best solution for you!  Contact us today at 512.601.0303 to schedule an appointment!

 

Tagged with: Allergic Fungal Sinusitis

Posted in: Allergies, Allergy Drops, Balloon Sinuplasty, Nasal Polyps, Sinus and Nasal

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90,000 fungus in the maxillary sinus. Everything you need to know about treatment.

CONTENTS:
1. What is a mycetoma?
2. Causes of fungus
3. Inflammation of the sinuses
4. Treatment examples
5. Symptoms
6. How extensive can a mycetoma be?
7. Why is the formation of fungus in the maxillary sinus dangerous?
8. The role of CT in the study
9. How can mycetoma be cured?0007 11. Rehabilitation of the patient
12. Recommendations after removal of the fungus from the maxillary sinus
13. About the author

What is a mycetoma?

Mycetoma of the maxillary sinus is a fungal infection of the maxillary sinuses, which is one of the forms of mycosis. Inflammation of the maxillary sinuses of a non-invasive nature. The mucosa of the maxillary sinuses itself is not damaged by this fungal structure, it does not grow into the mucosa. Mushrooms just grow, the fungal body – mycelium – grows inside the maxillary sinus. At first, the fungal body of the mycetoma may look like a ball, over time, the fungus grows and can occupy the entire maxillary sinus.

Causes of fungus in the maxillary sinus

Is there any predisposition of the body to the appearance of mycetoma or does the fungus appear only as a result of external influences?
It must be pointed out that fungal spores are in the air and surround us all the time. In order for fungal growth to occur in the maxillary sinus, a person must have reduced immunity, he may have severe forms of diabetes, immunodeficiency, as a result of previous drug therapy, the human immune system is suppressed – against this background, mycetoma may also appear in maxillary sinus.

It should also be noted that often the start for the appearance and growth of mycetoma, fungus, mycelium can be the use of zinc preparations, which enters the maxillary sinus.
And one of these factors may be zinc preparations widely used in dentistry.

And when zinc enters the maxillary sinus, this is a very good environment for the appearance of mycetoma. And even in people with normal immunity, with a normal immunological status, mycetoma may appear in this case.

The second factor in the formation of a fungal colony can be a fragment of a dental instrument left by the attending physician during canal probing. The next picture is just such a case:

Inflammation of the maxillary sinuses with a fungus

Often a person does not even suspect that mushrooms grow in his maxillary cavity. Mycetoma symptoms. The patient lives a normal life, perhaps at this moment he has some slight difficulty in breathing, there may be a slight discharge from the nasal mucosa, there may be an unpleasant odor.

Basically, the patient learns that he has a mycetoma during the examination, when he comes to the dentist, does CBCT, and the attending doctor sees a foreign body, a fungal lesion in a detailed study of the image.

Mycetoma symptoms

In the early stages, a patient with mycetoma feels absolutely nothing because there are no symptoms of the disease yet. And as the fungal growth increases in size, it will become more difficult for the patient to breathe due to nasal congestion on one side, while the nose will be clear, without discharge. But sometimes the discharge can be in the form of crumbly masses of a gray-dirty color.
In addition to the symptoms listed above, the patient may experience dizziness, headaches, when the mycetoma grows strongly, it occupies the entire volume of the maxillary sinus, creating excessive pressure, including in the eye sockets. And, of course, with a large proliferation of mycetoma of the maxillary sinus, sinusitis is possible.

The patient may have pain in the upper teeth in the posterior region from the side of the mycetoma. And, as I said earlier – difficulty in breathing, the patient’s transition to oral breathing as a result of acquired chronic sinusitis.

How extensive can a mycetoma be?

Molds can grow until the maxillary sinus is completely filled. And when the mold ball occupies the entire maxillary sinus (it usually takes 5-7 years to grow), then the diameter of the ball reaches an average of 3-5 centimeters.

For example, in front of you is a photo of a mycetoma of the maxillary sinus, when the growth of fungi almost completely “captured” it. The reason for the formation of mycetoma in this case was the part of the root filling of the tooth brought into the maxillary sinus:

How the root filling got into the maxillary sinus, we describe in detail in this clinical case.

What is the danger of fungus formation in the maxillary sinus

How can the growth of a fungal colony be dangerous? In any case, it is not very pleasant when any parasite, mold, fungus lives in you. This is a real parasite that lives in the cavity of the maxillary sinus and feels great there. In addition, mycetoma is dangerous in that the blood supply and oxygen supply to the brain deteriorates, since the nasal breathing function is disrupted. A person simply begins to experience partial oxygen starvation due to mycetoma.

Plus, the waste products of the fungus in the maxillary sinus drain into the nasopharynx, which can additionally lead to additional complications up to the development of allergies, provoking respiratory diseases. And, of course – sinusitis in a chronic form.

The role of CT in the study of mycetoma

Of course, a good CT scan gives a complete picture of the maxillary sinuses and is the main tool in the diagnosis of “mycetoma” when examining a patient. CT of the maxillary sinus shows the location, size, volume of mycetoma lesion (local volume or total damage to the cavity by the fungus).

In fact, computed tomography is the gold standard for diagnosing mycetoma today.

How can mycetoma be cured

Is it possible to do without surgery? Without surgical intervention, it is impossible to get rid of the fungus in the maxillary sinus, I will say this right away. No pills, no drops of “dance with a tambourine” and everything else will not give the proper therapeutic effect. First of all, it is necessary to surgically remove the fungal body, remove this mycelium, remove the entire fungus from the maxillary sinus.

This can be done either by nasal surgical access or by intraoral access.

How is the fungus removed from the maxillary sinus

With intraoral access, a perforation is made in the vestibular wall of the maxillary sinus – access, and evacuation occurs through this hole, i.e. removal of the fungal body, mushroom mycelium. Then the maxillary sinus is washed well, treated with antifungal and antimicrobial drugs and sutured. Subsequently, the patient is prescribed antifungal therapy.

Surgical removal of mycetoma shows good results to date, relapses are extremely rare.

Rehabilitation of the patient after removal of mycetoma

After surgical removal of the mycetoma, the patient’s rehabilitation period is from 3 to 5 days. And if we talk about post-surgical treatment, then it is longer, because after the removal of the mycetoma, it is necessary to continue to maintain antifungal therapy for several weeks.

Recommendations after removing the fungus from the maxillary sinus

It is necessary, first of all, to strictly follow the prescription of the attending physician, take the prescribed drug therapy, use special nasal antifungal drops. Secondly, the patient simply needs rest in order for the wound surface to heal normally.

There are no specific recommendations. In fact, everything is quite simple.

Dangerous mycetoma of the maxillary sinus – what is it, symptoms, treatment. German Implant Center, Moscow

Content:

1. What is a mycetoma?

2. Causes and features of the fungus

3. By what symptoms can mycetoma be detected?

4. Why is mycetoma dangerous?

5. How is mycetoma diagnosed?

6. Are we going to pick mushrooms? How is mycetoma treated?

Mycetoma is a fungal disease affecting the maxillary sinuses. Sometimes mycosis is called a fungal body. The disease is rare. The lesion spreads in one of the parts of the sinus.

Mycetoma: causes and features

The cause of the disease is often associated with dental treatment. A small part of the root filling enters the maxillary cavity. Around this inclusion, a fungal colony is formed , resembling wax or modeling clay in structure. The roots of the 5th and 6th teeth of the upper jaw are separated from the sinus only by a thin bone wall, and in some people by a mucous membrane.

The likelihood of colony growth increases when the composition of the filling material includes zinc, which acts as a catalyst for the reproduction of pathogenic microflora. An additional factor that increases the likelihood of the disease is reduced immunity as a result of the destructive effects of diabetes mellitus or the transferred courses of treatment with potent drugs. The body loses its ability to neutralize the fungus.

The growth of a colony can be accelerated by a microparticle of a fragment of a dental instrument that remains after the canal filling procedure by a low-skilled dentist or when using old treatment technologies. The mycelium fills the shell from the inside without growing into the mucous membrane. At first, this formation resembles a small ball, but then it increases, fills the space and remains in one of the parts of the sinus.

Symptoms of mycetoma

There are no pronounced symptoms with mycetoma. In the initial stages, the disease is rarely detected: the diagnosis is made as concomitant, accidentally detected during an examination prescribed for another purpose.

If the mycelium confidently expands the habitat and it becomes too much, then symptoms appear :

  • Nasal congestion on one side (where there is a lesion).