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Muscle catching. Muscle Cramps: Causes, Symptoms, and Effective Treatment Strategies

What are the common causes of muscle cramps. How can you prevent muscle cramps naturally. When should you seek medical attention for muscle cramps. What are the most effective treatments for muscle cramps.

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Understanding Muscle Cramps: Definition and Occurrence

Muscle cramps are sudden, involuntary contractions or spasms in one or more muscles. These painful contractions can last from a few seconds to several minutes, often catching people off guard. While they can occur in any muscle, certain areas are more prone to cramping.

Most Common Areas Affected by Muscle Cramps

  • Thighs
  • Feet
  • Hands
  • Arms
  • Abdomen
  • Area along the ribcage

Are muscle cramps more likely to occur at specific times? Indeed, many people experience muscle cramps, particularly leg cramps, during nighttime hours. This nocturnal occurrence can disrupt sleep and cause discomfort.

Unraveling the Causes of Muscle Cramps

Understanding the underlying causes of muscle cramps is crucial for effective prevention and treatment. While the exact cause may sometimes remain unknown, several factors have been identified as potential triggers.

Primary Causes of Muscle Cramps

  1. Muscle strain or overuse
  2. Nerve compression
  3. Dehydration
  4. Electrolyte imbalances
  5. Inadequate blood flow to muscles
  6. Pregnancy
  7. Certain medications
  8. Dialysis treatment

Is muscle strain the most common cause of cramps? Yes, straining or overusing a muscle is indeed the most frequent reason for experiencing muscle cramps. This often occurs during or after intense physical activity.

Identifying High-Risk Groups for Muscle Cramps

While muscle cramps can affect anyone, certain groups of people are more susceptible to experiencing them frequently. Recognizing these high-risk categories can help individuals take preventive measures.

Groups with Increased Risk of Muscle Cramps

  • Older adults
  • Overweight individuals
  • Athletes
  • Pregnant women
  • People with thyroid disorders
  • Individuals with nerve disorders

Do athletes experience muscle cramps more often? Yes, athletes are indeed more prone to muscle cramps due to the intense physical demands placed on their bodies during training and competition. Proper hydration and electrolyte balance are crucial for this group.

Recognizing When to Seek Medical Attention

While most muscle cramps are harmless and resolve on their own, certain situations warrant medical attention. Being aware of these red flags can help prevent potential complications.

Signs That Indicate the Need for Medical Consultation

  • Severe and persistent cramps
  • High frequency of cramping episodes
  • Cramps unresponsive to stretching and hydration
  • Prolonged duration of cramps
  • Accompanying symptoms like swelling, redness, or warmth
  • Associated muscle weakness

Should you be concerned if muscle cramps are accompanied by swelling or redness? Yes, the presence of swelling, redness, or a feeling of warmth along with muscle cramps could indicate an underlying condition and should be evaluated by a healthcare professional.

Effective Treatment Strategies for Muscle Cramps

Most muscle cramps can be managed effectively with simple self-care measures. Understanding these treatment strategies can provide quick relief and prevent future episodes.

Self-Care Techniques for Muscle Cramp Relief

  1. Stretching the affected muscle
  2. Gentle massage of the cramping area
  3. Applying heat to tight muscles
  4. Using ice on sore muscles post-cramp
  5. Increasing fluid intake, especially if dehydrated

Can stretching help alleviate muscle cramps? Yes, stretching is often one of the most effective immediate remedies for muscle cramps. It helps to lengthen the muscle fibers and promote relaxation.

Exploring Prevention Methods for Muscle Cramps

While treating muscle cramps is important, preventing them from occurring in the first place is even more beneficial. Several strategies can be employed to reduce the frequency and severity of muscle cramps.

Preventive Measures to Reduce Muscle Cramps

  • Staying well-hydrated
  • Maintaining proper electrolyte balance
  • Regular stretching and flexibility exercises
  • Gradual increase in exercise intensity
  • Proper warm-up before physical activity
  • Wearing comfortable, supportive footwear
  • Avoiding prolonged periods of inactivity

Is hydration important in preventing muscle cramps? Absolutely. Proper hydration plays a crucial role in maintaining muscle function and preventing cramps. Drinking adequate fluids, especially during and after exercise, can significantly reduce the risk of cramping.

The Role of Nutrition in Muscle Cramp Prevention

Nutrition plays a vital role in muscle health and can significantly impact the frequency and severity of muscle cramps. Certain nutrients are particularly important for maintaining proper muscle function.

Key Nutrients for Muscle Health

  1. Magnesium
  2. Potassium
  3. Calcium
  4. Sodium
  5. Vitamin B complex
  6. Vitamin D

Can dietary changes help prevent muscle cramps? Yes, ensuring a balanced diet rich in essential nutrients, particularly electrolytes like magnesium, potassium, and calcium, can help reduce the occurrence of muscle cramps. Foods such as bananas, avocados, leafy greens, and nuts are excellent sources of these nutrients.

Understanding the Connection Between Exercise and Muscle Cramps

Exercise is a common trigger for muscle cramps, especially when performed at high intensity or for prolonged periods. Understanding the relationship between physical activity and muscle cramps can help athletes and fitness enthusiasts minimize their risk.

Exercise-Related Factors Contributing to Muscle Cramps

  • Inadequate warm-up
  • Overexertion
  • Dehydration during exercise
  • Electrolyte depletion through sweating
  • Poor fitness level
  • Improper form or technique

Does the intensity of exercise affect the likelihood of muscle cramps? Indeed, high-intensity exercises or prolonged physical activities are more likely to induce muscle cramps. This is often due to a combination of factors including muscle fatigue, dehydration, and electrolyte imbalances.

Nocturnal Leg Cramps: A Common Nighttime Nuisance

Nocturnal leg cramps, often referred to as “charley horses,” are a common complaint among adults, especially older individuals. These painful contractions typically occur in the calf muscles and can significantly disrupt sleep patterns.

Factors Contributing to Nighttime Leg Cramps

  1. Dehydration
  2. Electrolyte imbalances
  3. Poor circulation
  4. Certain medications
  5. Prolonged sitting or inactivity
  6. Pregnancy
  7. Medical conditions like peripheral artery disease

Are there specific strategies to prevent nocturnal leg cramps? Yes, several methods can help reduce the occurrence of nighttime leg cramps. These include stretching before bed, staying hydrated throughout the day, ensuring proper electrolyte balance, and maintaining good sleep posture. Some people find relief by placing a pillow at the foot of the bed to keep toes pointed upward during sleep.

The Impact of Age on Muscle Cramps

As individuals age, they often experience an increase in the frequency and severity of muscle cramps. This phenomenon is attributed to several age-related factors that affect muscle function and overall health.

Age-Related Factors Influencing Muscle Cramps

  • Decreased muscle mass and flexibility
  • Reduced hydration levels
  • Impaired circulation
  • Increased likelihood of medical conditions
  • Use of certain medications
  • Changes in sleep patterns

Why do older adults experience more frequent muscle cramps? The aging process brings about various physiological changes that can increase susceptibility to muscle cramps. These include reduced muscle mass and flexibility, decreased circulation, and potential side effects from medications commonly prescribed to older adults.

Muscle Cramps in Pregnancy: Causes and Management

Pregnant women often experience an increase in muscle cramps, particularly in the legs. This common occurrence during pregnancy can be attributed to several factors related to the physiological changes that occur during this time.

Reasons for Increased Muscle Cramps During Pregnancy

  1. Weight gain and altered center of gravity
  2. Pressure on blood vessels and nerves
  3. Changes in circulation
  4. Electrolyte imbalances
  5. Fatigue and muscle strain
  6. Dehydration

How can pregnant women alleviate muscle cramps? Pregnant women can manage muscle cramps through various methods including regular stretching, staying hydrated, maintaining a balanced diet rich in essential nutrients, and engaging in prenatal-safe exercises. In some cases, healthcare providers may recommend supplements to address specific nutritional deficiencies.

The Relationship Between Dehydration and Muscle Cramps

Dehydration is a significant factor in the occurrence of muscle cramps. When the body lacks sufficient fluids, it can lead to electrolyte imbalances and impaired muscle function, increasing the likelihood of cramping.

Effects of Dehydration on Muscle Function

  • Reduced blood volume
  • Electrolyte imbalances
  • Impaired nerve function
  • Decreased oxygen delivery to muscles
  • Increased muscle fatigue

How much fluid intake is necessary to prevent dehydration-related muscle cramps? The amount of fluid needed varies depending on factors such as body size, activity level, and climate. However, a general guideline is to consume at least 8-10 glasses (64-80 ounces) of water per day, with increased intake during physical activity or hot weather.

Medications and Their Impact on Muscle Cramps

Certain medications can increase the risk of muscle cramps as a side effect. Understanding which medications may contribute to cramping can help individuals and healthcare providers manage this potential issue more effectively.

Common Medications Associated with Muscle Cramps

  1. Diuretics
  2. Statins (cholesterol-lowering drugs)
  3. Beta-blockers
  4. ACE inhibitors
  5. Certain antipsychotics
  6. Oral contraceptives

Should you stop taking medication if it causes muscle cramps? No, it’s crucial not to discontinue any prescribed medication without consulting your healthcare provider. If you suspect that a medication is causing frequent or severe muscle cramps, discuss this with your doctor. They may adjust the dosage, switch to an alternative medication, or provide strategies to manage the side effects.

The Role of Electrolytes in Preventing Muscle Cramps

Electrolytes play a vital role in muscle function and are crucial in preventing muscle cramps. These minerals, which include sodium, potassium, magnesium, and calcium, help regulate nerve impulses and muscle contractions.

Key Electrolytes for Muscle Health

  • Sodium: Regulates fluid balance and nerve impulses
  • Potassium: Essential for muscle contractions and nerve signaling
  • Magnesium: Supports muscle relaxation and energy production
  • Calcium: Crucial for muscle contractions and nerve function

How can you maintain proper electrolyte balance? Maintaining proper electrolyte balance involves consuming a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. During intense physical activity or in hot weather, electrolyte-rich sports drinks can be beneficial. Some individuals may require electrolyte supplements, but this should be done under medical supervision.

Stretching Techniques for Muscle Cramp Relief and Prevention

Stretching is one of the most effective methods for both relieving and preventing muscle cramps. Regular stretching helps improve flexibility, promote blood flow, and reduce muscle tension, all of which contribute to reducing the risk of cramps.

Effective Stretching Exercises for Common Cramping Areas

  1. Calf stretch: Stand facing a wall, place hands on the wall, and step one foot back. Keep the back leg straight and heel on the ground, leaning forward to feel the stretch in the calf.
  2. Hamstring stretch: Sit on the floor with one leg extended. Reach for your toes, keeping your back straight.
  3. Quadriceps stretch: While standing, bend one knee and bring your heel towards your buttocks. Hold your foot with your hand.
  4. Foot arch stretch: Roll a tennis ball or foam roller under your foot to stretch the arch.
  5. Hand and forearm stretch: Extend your arm with the palm facing down. Use your other hand to gently pull the fingers back towards your body.

How often should you stretch to prevent muscle cramps? Incorporating stretching into your daily routine can significantly reduce the risk of muscle cramps. Aim for at least 5-10 minutes of stretching per day, focusing on areas prone to cramping. It’s particularly important to stretch before and after physical activity.

Alternative Therapies for Managing Muscle Cramps

While conventional treatments are effective for most cases of muscle cramps, some individuals find relief through alternative therapies. These approaches can complement traditional methods and may provide additional benefits for muscle health and overall well-being.

Alternative Approaches to Muscle Cramp Management

  • Acupuncture
  • Massage therapy
  • Yoga
  • Tai Chi
  • Herbal remedies (e.g., chamomile tea, ginger)
  • Essential oils (e.g., peppermint, lavender)

Can alternative therapies effectively treat muscle cramps? While scientific evidence varies, many people report finding relief from muscle cramps through alternative therapies. These methods often focus on improving circulation, reducing muscle tension, and promoting relaxation, which can contribute to fewer cramping episodes. However, it’s important to consult with a healthcare provider before starting any new treatment regimen, especially if you have underlying health conditions.

The Impact of Sleep Quality on Muscle Cramps

The quality and quantity of sleep can significantly influence the occurrence of muscle cramps, particularly nocturnal leg cramps. Poor sleep patterns can contribute to muscle fatigue and tension, increasing the likelihood of cramping.

Muscle Spasms | Charley Horse 

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What are muscle cramps?

Muscle cramps are sudden, involuntary contractions or spasms in one or more of your muscles. They are very common and often occur after exercise. Some people get muscle cramps, especially leg cramps, at night. They can be painful, and they may last a few seconds to several minutes.

You can have a cramp in any muscle, but they happen most often in the:

  • Thighs
  • Feet
  • Hands
  • Arms
  • Abdomen
  • Area along your ribcage

What causes muscle cramps?

Causes of muscle cramps include:

  • Straining or overusing a muscle. This is the most common cause.
  • Compression of your nerves, from problems such as a spinal cord injury or a pinched nerve in the neck or back
  • Dehydration
  • Low levels of electrolytes such as magnesium, potassium, or calcium
  • Not enough blood getting to your muscles
  • Pregnancy
  • Certain medicines
  • Getting dialysis

Sometimes the cause of muscle cramps is unknown.

Who is at risk for muscle cramps?

Anyone can get muscle cramps, but they are more common in some people:

  • Older adults
  • People who are overweight
  • Athletes
  • Pregnant women
  • People with certain medical conditions, such as thyroid and nerve disorders

When do I need to see a health care provider for muscle cramps?

Muscle cramps are usually harmless, and they go away after a few minutes. But you should contact your health care provider if the cramps:

  • Are severe
  • Happen frequently
  • Don’t get better with stretching and drinking enough fluids
  • Last a long time
  • Are accompanied by swelling, redness, or a feeling of warmth
  • Are accompanied by muscle weakness

What are the treatments for muscle cramps?

You usually don’t need treatment for muscle cramps. You may be able to find some relief from cramps by:

  • Stretching or gently massaging the muscle
  • Applying heat when the muscle is tight and ice when the muscle is sore
  • Getting more fluids if you are dehydrated

If another medical problem is causing the cramps, treating that problem will likely help. There are medicines that providers sometimes prescribe to prevent cramps, but they are not always effective and may cause side effects. Talk to your provider about the risks and benefits of medicines.

Can muscle cramps be prevented?

To prevent muscle cramps, you can:

  • Stretch your muscles, especially before exercising. If you often get leg cramps at night, stretch your leg muscles before bed.
  • Drink plenty of liquids. If you do intense exercise or exercise in the heat, sports drinks can help you replace electrolytes.
  • Coping with Muscle Cramps: Why You Don’t Have to Live with This Common Pain

    (American Osteopathic Association)

  • Heat Cramps, First Aid

    (VisualDX)

  • Night Leg Cramps

    (Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research)

    Also in Spanish

  • ClinicalTrials. gov: Muscle Cramp

    (National Institutes of Health)

  • Article: Effect of Pre-dialysis Serum Sodium Measurement on Reduction of Hemodialysis Complications.

  • Article: Quinine overdose: Not quite gin and tonic.

  • Article: Primary care approach to calf cramps.

  • Muscle Cramps — see more articles

  • National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases

    Also in Spanish

  • Your Muscles

    (Nemours Foundation)

    Also in Spanish

  • How Can I Relieve My Pregnancy Leg Cramps?

    (Nemours Foundation)

Muscle Cramps – OrthoInfo – AAOS

A muscle cramp is an involuntary contraction of a muscle that occurs suddenly and does not relax. If you have ever experienced a charley horse, you probably still remember the sudden, tight, and intense pain caused by a muscle locked in spasm.

Cramps can affect any muscle under your voluntary control (skeletal muscle). They can involve part or all of a muscle, or several muscles in a group.

©2010, Getty Images.

The most commonly affected muscle groups are:

  • Back of the lower leg/calf (gastrocnemius)
  • Back of the thigh (hamstrings)
  • Front of the thigh (quadriceps)

Cramps in the feet, hands, arms, abdomen, and along the rib cage are also very common.

Although the exact cause of muscle cramps is unknown (idiopathic), some researchers believe inadequate stretching and muscle fatigue lead to abnormalities in the mechanisms (bodily processes) that control muscle contraction.

Other factors may also be involved, including:

  • Poor conditioning
  • Exercising or working in intense heat
  • Dehydration
  • Depletion of salt and minerals (electrolytes)

Inadequate Stretching and Muscle Fatigue

Muscles are bundles of fibers that contract and expand to produce movement. A regular program of stretching lengthens muscle fibers so they can contract and tighten more vigorously when you exercise.

When your body is poorly conditioned, you are more likely to experience muscle fatigue, which can alter spinal neural reflex activity. Overexertion depletes a muscle’s oxygen supply, leading to build-up of waste product and spasm. When a cramp begins, the spinal cord stimulates the muscle to keep contracting.

Heat, Dehydration, and Electrolyte Depletion

Muscle cramps are more likely when you exercise in hot weather because sweat drains your body’s fluids, salt, and minerals (i.e., potassium, magnesium, and calcium). Loss of these nutrients may also cause a muscle to spasm.

Risk Factors

Some people are predisposed to muscle cramps and get them regularly with any physical exertion.

Those at greatest risk for cramps and other ailments related to excess heat include infants and young children, and people over age 65. Other factors that put people at greater risk for muscle cramp include:

  • Being ill or overweight
  • Overexerting during work or exercise
  • Taking certain medications, such as pseudoephedrine (a decongestant) diuretics, and statins (used to treat high cholesterol)

Muscle cramps are very common among endurance athletes, such as marathon runners and triathletes, and older people who perform strenuous physical activities.

  • Athletes are more likely to get cramps in the preseason when the body is not conditioned and therefore more subject to fatigue. Cramps often develop near the end of intense or prolonged exercise, or 4 to 6 hours later.
  • Older people are more susceptible to muscle cramps due to normal muscle loss (atrophy) that begins in the mid-40s and accelerates with inactivity. As you age, your muscles cannot work as hard or as quickly as they used to. The body also loses some of its sense of thirst and its ability to sense and respond to changes in temperature.
  • Muscle cramps range in intensity from a slight tic (twitching) to agonizing pain.
  • A cramping muscle may feel hard to the touch and/or appear visibly distorted or twitch beneath the skin.
  • A cramp can last a few seconds to 15 minutes or longer. It might recur multiple times before it goes away.

Cramps usually go away on their own without seeing a doctor.

  • Stop doing whatever activity triggered the cramp.
  • Gently stretch and massage the cramping muscle, holding it in a stretched position until the cramp stops.
  • Apply heat to tense/tight muscles, or cold to sore/tender muscles.
  • Hydrate and replenish electrolytes as needed. Low-sugar sports drinks, lowfat cow’s milk, or electrolyte-rich foods like yogurt, bananas, lentils, and spinach can help replace lost electrolytes.


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To avoid future cramps, work toward better overall fitness. Do regular flexibility exercises before and after you work out to stretch muscle groups most prone to cramping.

Warm Up

Always warm up before stretching. Good examples of warm-up activities are slowly running in place or walking briskly for a few minutes.

Calf Muscle Stretch

  • Lean forward against a wall with one leg in front of the other.
  • Straighten your back leg and press your heel into the floor. Your front knee is bent.
  • Hold for 15 to 30 seconds.

Do: Keep both heels flat on the floor. Point the toes of your back foot toward the heel of your front foot.

Calf muscle stretch. You should feel this stretch in your calf and down toward your heel.

Hamstring Muscle Stretch

  • Sit up tall with both legs extended straight in front of you. Your feet are neutral — not pointed or flexed.
  • Place your palms on the floor and slide your hands toward your ankles.
  • Hold for 30 seconds.

Do: Keep your chest open and back long. Reach from your hips. Stop sliding your palms forward when you feel the stretch.

Do not: Round your back or try to bring your nose to your knees. Do not lock your knees.

Hamstring muscle stretch. You should feel this stretch at the back of your thighs and behind your knees.

Quadriceps Muscle Stretch

  • Hold onto a wall or the back of a chair for balance.
  • Lift one foot and bring your heel up toward your buttocks.
  • Grasp your ankle with your hand and pull your heel closer to your body.
  • Hold the stretch for 30 seconds, then release.

Do: Keep your knees close together. Stop bringing your heel closer when you feel the stretch. Never stretch to the point of pain.

Do not: Arch or twist your back.

Quadriceps muscle stretch. You should feel this stretch in the front of your thigh.

Although the vast majority of muscle cramps are harmless, muscle cramps can sometimes be a sign of a more serious health condition, such as:

  • Spinal nerve irritation or compression (radiculopathy)
  • Hardening of the arteries (atherosclerosis)
  • Narrowing of the spinal canal (spinal stenosis)
  • Thyroid disease
  • Chronic infection
  • Cirrhosis of the liver
  • Lou Gehrig’s disease (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, or ALS), though this disease is rare)

See your doctor if your cramps:

  • Are severe
  • Happen frequently
  • Respond poorly to the simple treatments mentioned above
  • Are not related to obvious causes like strenuous exercise or dehydration

These issues could mean that you have problems with circulation, nerves, metabolism, hormones, medications, or nutrition.


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Teaching aid – lesson summary on the topic:: Dribbling with one hand, catching and passing the ball from various starting positions. | Teaching and methodological material in physical education (Grade 4):

Topic: Dribbling with one hand, catching and passing the ball from various starting positions.

                                                                                                                                                                     to consolidate the fundamentals of catching, throwing, passing, and dribbling the ball from various starting positions.

To cultivate high-quality communication interactions and perseverance in performing complex team actions.

9001 1

Dosage.

Part of the lesson

Partial tasks for specific tasks

Content of the teaching material

Organizational and methodological instructions

Preparatory part

15 minutes lesson content.

– line up one at a time

– calculation in order

– report

– message of lesson tasks.

2 min.

Formation in the upper right corner of the hall.

Command: “Class, line up!”, “Attention!”, “Pay in order!”.

The report passes the guide in the ranks.

To consolidate the acquired skill of opening and closing with side steps on outstretched arms

Opening and closing with side steps on outstretched arms

2 min

Command: “Class, to the left, with side steps, on outstretched arms, open up!”.

“Class, to the right, in one line, close!”.

To be specified: disengage into outstretched arms, walking with a strictly side step. Opening to the left, turn your head to the right, look at the distance between the students. Stop after opening with the previous student at arms outstretched.

Execution rate is slow.

Prepare the class for motion exercises.

Change from line one by one to column one by one.

30 sec.

Command: “Class, to the right!”

Activate the functional state of the body to ensure high performance.

Walking

– arms to the sides

– arms up

– arms to the waist

1 lap

Walking at an average pace, distance two steps. Change the position of the hands only on a signal.

Achieve activation of the functionality of the heart and respiratory processes.

Running

3 min.

Run at an average pace.

To be specified: run clearly in single file. Distance three steps

Achieve a decrease in the depth and frequency of breathing, to perform outdoor switchgear on the spot.

Walking.

Rebuilding from a column one by one into two lines.

1 min.

Walking at a slow pace, a distance of two steps, in a column one at a time.

Team: “Class, in a column of two, march through the middle of the stadium!”, “To the right!”.

Help increase the elasticity of the ligaments of the wrist, elbow and shoulder joints for the exercises in the main part of the lesson.

I.p. – leg stand apart,

arms to the sides, hands into a fist.

1-8 rotation of the fists towards you

1-8 rotation of the fists away from you

1-8 rotation of the forearms towards you

1-8 rotation of the forearms away from you.

1 min.

Perform under the count at an average pace.

To be specified: back straight, arms parallel to the floor.

To help increase the elasticity of the ligaments of the shoulder joints for subsequent activities.

I.p. – leg stance apart, arms forward

1-3 straight arms back

4-ip.

8 times

Perform at a count, at an average pace.

Promote the elasticity of the back and abdominal muscles

For general development forward bend, arms out to the sides

2-back bend, hands on waist

4-s. p.

8 times

Exercise to perform under the account, at an average pace.

To be specified: When leaning forward, arch your back slightly and look forward. When tilting back, look at the ceiling.

Promote elasticity of the oblique muscles of the trunk for general development 003 2-s.p.

3-torso turn to the left

4-s.p.

8 times

Exercise to perform under the account, at an average pace.

To be specified: Keep heels off the floor when turning.

To help strengthen the muscles of the front of the thigh for the next activity in the main part of the lesson.

I.p.-O.s.

1-lunge with the left foot, arms forward

2-s.p.

3-lunge with right foot, arms forward

4-s. p.

8 times

Exercise to perform under the account, at an average pace.

To be specified: Lunge as deep as possible.

Develop the elasticity of the muscles and ligaments of the inner thigh for general development.

I.p. – O.s.

1-lunge, arms to the sides

2-p.p.

3-lunge to the left, arms to the sides

4-ch.

8 times

Perform the exercise under the count, at an average pace. Specify: Lunge straight to the side as deep as possible. Keep your back straight.

To help develop dynamic leg muscle strength for later activities in the main part of the lesson.

I.p.-stand, hands on the waist

1-jump on two legs

2-jump on the right leg

3-jump on the left leg

4-jump ok on two legs

8 times

Exercise to perform at the expense of

. First count slowly, then quickly.

Foster organization and discipline in physical education lessons.

Distribute volleyballs.

1 min

Team: The ball is given to everyone, the temporarily released student gives out the balls.

Prepare students for the ball exercises in pairs.

Arrange students in pairs facing each other at a distance of 6 meters.

1 min

Direction: “Face each other” 20 minutes

Development of coordination skills through ball exercises.

Place the ball between the back of the left hand

and the left palm; perform rotations away from you and towards you

8 times

The exercise is performed on a signal.

To be specified: Ball at chest level, elbows bent. The back is straight.

Check each student, point out possible mistakes.

To consolidate the basics of throwing and catching the ball with the right, left hand.

Throwing and catching the ball with the right hand, with the left hand.

6 times

To be specified: direct the ball upwards just above the head, catching on the open palm, do not raise the arm high, “follow” the ball down in the palm of your hand

Toss, two claps and catch with right hand, left hand.

6 times

To be specified: direct the ball upwards slightly above the head, catching with an open palm, do not raise the arm high, “follow” the ball down in the palm of your hand.

To consolidate the basics of the technique of tossing and catching the ball in difficult conditions

With two hands from below, toss the ball up above you, do a squat touching the floor with your palms, stand up and catch the ball.

8 times

Display The exercise is performed independently, under the teacher’s commentary.

To be specified: Hands must touch the floor, squats must be done quickly.

To consolidate the skill of throwing the ball up with both hands and catching it, in combination with squats .

8 times

Exercise to perform independently, at an average pace.

To be specified: Always touch the right shoulder joint with the left hand, and the left shoulder joint with the right hand. The squat is deep.

Development of spatial and temporal control through exercises with the ball

With two hands from below, throw the ball up above you, squat and clap your hands behind your back, stand up and catch the ball.

8 times

Perform exercises independently at an average pace

Correct possible mistakes.

To be specified: deep squat, catch the ball while standing.

Reinforce the basics of catching and passing the ball with no visual control when working with two balls.

Cultivate attention and friendliness through working with balls in pairs

Sitting on the floor legs apart: the left line rolls the ball on the floor to the partner, the right line passes with two hands from the chest.

10 times

Perform under the comment and score of the teacher.

Specify: when passing the ball, the hands are located at chest level, the elbows are at the width of the torso, the hands and arms direct the ball to a friend exactly in the hands, when receiving the ball, the arms at the elbows are relatively straight, the palms are turned towards the ball, as soon as the ball touches the fingers, the arms are bent at the elbows softening the reception of the ball. Keep track of two balls. After 10 gears change

Reinforce the basics of catching and passing the ball while handling two balls at the same time.

Develop agility and quick reaction to a flying ball.

Sitting on the floor with legs apart, the left rank performs a transfer with two hands from the chest parallel to the floor, the right with two hands from the chest on top.

10 times

Perform under the comment and score of the teacher.

Specify: when passing the ball, the hands are located at chest level, the elbows are at the width of the torso, the hands and arms direct the ball to a friend exactly in the hands, when receiving the ball, the arms at the elbows are relatively straight, the palms are turned towards the ball, as soon as the ball touches the fingers, the arms are bent at the elbows, softening the reception of the ball. After 10 gears shift

To consolidate the basics of catching and passing the ball with two hands from the chest in difficult conditions.

Develop the skill of controlling more productive performance of motor actions

One ball per pair.

The left line lies on the floor, the right line stands at a distance of 5-6 meters. Pass with both hands from the chest.

10 times

Perform under the comment and score of the teacher.

Specify: when passing the ball, the hands are located at chest level, the elbows are the width of the torso, the hands and arms direct the ball to a friend exactly in the hands, when receiving the ball, the arms at the elbows are relatively straight, the palms are turned towards the ball, as soon as the ball touches the fingers of the hand, we bend at the elbows, softening the reception of the ball. The transmission must be right in hand. After ten passes change

Reinforce the basics of dribbling while sitting on the floor.

Each student has a ball. Dribbling with the right left hand while sitting on the floor with legs apart.

20 hits on the floor each

Explanation. Show.

Perform at the expense of the teacher.

To be specified: do not raise the arm above the head, focus on the work of the hand, the hand is located on the ball from above, direct the ball strictly to the floor, monitor the uniform rebound

Sitting on the floor, legs apart, dribble the ball with the right hand, between the legs, while the ball goes up, bring the straight leg under the ball and back. The same with the left brush.

10 times

Explanation. Show

Exercise to perform independently.

To be specified: when dribbling with the right hand, bring the right foot through and vice versa. The rebound is uniform, do not take your hand off the ball, do not bend your leg when carrying

To promote the development of coordination skills. through ball exercises.

To cultivate high-quality communication interactions and perseverance in performing complex team actions

Game “Pass it to another”

Content: students line up in a circle and all at the same time dribble the ball in place with their right hand for four counts on the fifth pass the ball by hitting the floor to a friend on the left. , at the same time they catch the ball coming towards them from the right side.

4-6 min

Explanation and display.

Specify: rebound from the floor should be the same for everyone, the ball should be directed with a brush, hitting the floor closer to a friend, quickly catching the ball directed from the other side by a partner.

The same with the left hand, passing the ball by hitting the floor to the right side

Organize students to complete the lesson.

Collect balls, rearrange the class into two columns

30 sec.

Team: “Class! Right!”, “Step march!”

Passing by the teacher, the students leave the balls and move on in a column one at a time.

Final part

10 minutes

Achieve a decrease in the level of the functional state to the optimal level necessary for further educational activities.

Walking in a circle

Changing from a column of one to a column of two

Game: “Correct your posture”

Content: Students stand in two columns. Those in front receive the ball and, on a signal, begin to pass the balls over their heads to the students standing behind. When the ball reaches the end of the column, everyone turns around and the ball is passed in the same way in the opposite direction. The student in front, having received the ball, gives the command6 “Correct your posture!”. The team that finishes the ball faster than the others and has the best posture wins

5 min.

Team: “Class!” “In a column of two, march step by step!”

“Class!”, “Stop right there! two!”

To be specified: Pass the ball exactly to the hands, pay attention to the posture.

Prepare the class to summarize the lesson.

Line up one at a time.

1 min.

Build a classroom in the upper right corner of the hall.

Create an idea of ​​the degree of success of the activity in the lesson.

Summing up the lesson.

3 min

Provide information about the results of learning activities.

Prepare the class for an organized exit from the hall.

Change from line one by one to column one by one.

1 min.

Team: “Class, right!”

Exit from the hall to your office.

“Fishing Muscles” are not fast download

Grigory Sukhov not only catches, but also actively shares his experience. In a search engine on the Internet, it is easy to find a site with his articles.

For a long time he collaborated with the federal fishing magazine. Grigory Vitalievich devoted more than a dozen poems and stories to fishing. In silence, in nature, poetic inspiration often visits him.

It all started, as usual, in childhood. From the age of six he went fishing with his father, then with friends. Teenagers were transported to the Galyansky shore of the Tagil pond on a boat or bit from a wooden pier near the circus.

– The largest fish caught in childhood was a bream weighing 700 grams, – recalls Grigory Vitalievich. – For a long time, dried, it hung on my wall like a trophy until it dried completely. This is a common case, caught and larger. There was always a good catch on the Tagil Pond, they did not return empty-handed. And now the fish are there, biting well, if you can find the right approach to it. For example, I do my own mormyshkas. Last weekend in the park named after A. P. Bondin successfully went fishing, caught scavengers and roaches.

Over time, the geography of fishing expanded, I fished in the reservoirs of our region and other regions:

– In the immediate vicinity, the most fishy reservoir is the Beloyarsk reservoir. Due to the fact that the water is warm, there are many fish that are not typical for our latitudes. This is pike perch, good bream, large roach, which they call chebak there.

I would like to visit some exotic places. Catch a tuna. At one time, when they were invited, for example, to Finland, I did not go, there was no time – family, children. It is interesting to fish closer to Scandinavia or in the Netherlands fjords. Although there is no global dream to catch exotic fish, for example, marlin, like the old man from Ernest Hemingway’s The Old Man and the Sea. By the way, I once had a great opportunity to catch crucian carp in the North, in Yakutia on Lake Ytykkel, it was there that the following lines were born:

K / arasi places…
A / thicket around,
R / the fish here is clean, simple,
A / nature is real.
C / blue tear-water
I / loved and desired,
N / a moment, forever
A / absolute nirvana.
I / I strive to come here,
R / to fish freely,
S / tykkel – the end of the path,
B / endless and bottomless.
A /x, my Yakutia –
L /es, grass, sand by the sea,
K /arashi, lakes, I …
A /Ziata Love Story.

In general, fishing has its own specifics everywhere. In the south, on vacation, I also fished quite successfully more than once. A beach holiday for me usually ends in a week, I start looking for something else. I go to the reservoirs, try to catch, communicate with local fishermen. There, usually, coarser tackle and fishing close to poaching are used: lines, nets, “sets”. And I prefer thin sports tackle and a sensitive, like a bare nerve, rod.

“Nature has no bad weather…”

Grigory Sukhov fully agrees with this line from the song. He does not recognize the off-season in fishing: fishing in open water smoothly flows into fishing from ice and vice versa – the process is continuous.

– As a child, with a friend, once even in minus 40 we went without a tent, but we could not stand it for a long time and went home, – Grigory Vitalievich recalls. – In adulthood, I did not make such experiments, but at minus 30 it is normal on a pond, especially if there is no wind. Fresh air, adrenaline, exercise – I love it. I drill holes in the storm in the old fashioned way with a hand-held ice drill, I have it titanium, sports, made to order in Izhevsk, and in anticipation of the first ice I write poetry:

Let the first ice come soon.
The drill languishes in the corridor,
The thought does not give rest,
As if on an icy expanse
I sit quietly over the hole,
Carefully and without haste
Carrying perch dashingly,
What fun – so fun!
And around friends – “penguins”
Drilling holes, looking for a flock,
Know the storm tirelessly –
This tactic is simple!
And a bunch grows by the hole
Striped and prickly. ..
I don’t know better happiness,
And I don’t know better minutes!

More interesting for myself

I also tried my hand at fishing competitions – winter and summer. At the VGOK championship, once
team took third place. However, Grigory Vitalievich did not like this type of fishing. To prove that a good fisherman is no longer necessary. Everyone who needs it knows about it. And for myself, it’s more pleasant to just sit with a fishing rod alone or in good company – without stopwatches and weighing the catch.

– Competitions are not rest, but work, – Grigory Sukhov explains. – There are many participants, the competition is spurring. It is necessary to think over a strategy, tactics in order to show the maximum result in the allotted time – in terms of the number and weight of fish. It is advisable to study in advance the reservoir where the competition will take place. You need to know what kind of fish is found there, when and what it bites. Much depends on experience, it will not work to quickly pump up “fishing muscles”. But in any case, there is also an element of luck: which sector will fall out by lot, you will catch there. You can be a master, but you will not catch anything if there are no fish in this place. Someone will fall on the so-called “cauldron with fish”, while the other will sit next to it empty.

Caught and released

Grigory Vitalievich catches peaceful fish on the Tagil reservoirs. She says she doesn’t grow very large. The largest was a bream weighing about three kilograms. I can’t say more precisely – I didn’t weigh it, I determined it by eye. Admired, photographed and released:

– In recent years, basically, I release the entire catch. My wife swears when I bring a lot of fish. It happens, if you want to cook soup or fry it, I take it for once to cook. I give something to my friends. I recommend the principle to everyone: caught – released. Then there will be more fish in our reservoirs, and its quality will be better.