What are the most effective over-the-counter treatments for male yeast infections. How can you recognize the symptoms of a male yeast infection. When should you seek professional medical help for a yeast infection in males.

Understanding Male Yeast Infections: Causes and Types

Male yeast infections are fungal infections that can affect various parts of the body, particularly the genital area. These infections are primarily caused by two types of fungi: dermatophytes and Candida, with Candida albicans being the most common culprit. Uncircumcised males are more susceptible to yeast infections due to the foreskin providing an ideal environment for yeast growth.

There are three main types of yeast infections that commonly affect males:

• Candidiasis (Thrush)
• Jock Itch (Tinea Cruris)
• Balanitis

Candidiasis (Thrush)

Candidiasis, also known as thrush, is a yeast infection caused by Candida species. While some individuals may not experience symptoms, others may notice:

• Irritation, itching, or burning sensations under the foreskin
• Flushed patches of skin under the foreskin or at the tip of the penis
• Discharge resembling cottage cheese
• Unpleasant odor
• Tight foreskin

Jock Itch (Tinea Cruris)

Jock itch is typically caused by dermatophytes rather than Candida albicans. Symptoms include:

• Rash around the groin
• Redness extending to the thighs, perineum, or buttocks
• Itching and discomfort in the affected areas

Balanitis

Balanitis is an inflammation of the head of the penis, often caused by Candida albicans. Symptoms may include:

• Tight, shiny skin on the penis head
• Inflammation
• Thick, white discharge under the foreskin
• Tight foreskin
• Sores
• Pain during urination

Recognizing the Symptoms of Male Yeast Infections

Identifying the symptoms of a male yeast infection is crucial for proper treatment. Common signs include:

• Itching or burning sensation in the genital area
• Redness or rash on the penis or surrounding areas
• Unusual discharge from the penis
• Discomfort during sexual intercourse or urination
• Swelling of the affected area

Is it possible to have a yeast infection without visible symptoms? Yes, in some cases, individuals may have a yeast infection without noticeable symptoms. However, this is less common, and most people will experience at least mild discomfort or visible signs of infection.

Over-the-Counter Treatment Options for Male Yeast Infections

Several over-the-counter (OTC) treatments are available for managing male yeast infections. These include:

Antifungal Creams

Topical antifungal creams are the first-line treatment for yeast infections in males. The most commonly recommended options include:

• Clotrimazole 1%
• Miconazole 1%
• Nystatin cream (for those allergic to clotrimazole or miconazole)

These creams should be applied to the affected area for 1-3 weeks. For severe infections, oral antifungal medication may be necessary, which requires a doctor’s prescription.

Natural Remedies

Some natural remedies may help alleviate symptoms and support the treatment of male yeast infections:

1. Honey: Research suggests that certain types of honey, such as Agastache, manuka, and tea tree honey, may have antifungal properties.
2. Yogurt: Containing beneficial bacteria like Lactobacillus, yogurt may help restore a healthy bacterial balance when applied topically or consumed.
3. Apple Cider Vinegar (ACV): While research is mixed, some studies suggest ACV may have antifungal properties. However, it should be diluted before application to sensitive areas.

Can natural remedies completely cure a yeast infection? While natural remedies may provide symptom relief and support treatment, they are generally not considered a standalone cure for yeast infections. It’s best to use them in conjunction with proven antifungal treatments and consult a healthcare professional for persistent or severe infections.

Factors Increasing the Risk of Male Yeast Infections

Several factors can increase the likelihood of developing a yeast infection in males:

• Antibiotic use: Taking antibiotics can disrupt the natural balance of bacteria in the body, potentially leading to yeast overgrowth.
• Poor hygiene: Inadequate cleaning of the genital area can create an environment conducive to yeast growth.
• Weakened immune system: Conditions that compromise the immune system, such as HIV or diabetes, can increase susceptibility to yeast infections.
• Tight clothing: Wearing tight, non-breathable underwear or pants can create a warm, moist environment that promotes yeast growth.
• Sexual activity: While not classified as a sexually transmitted infection, yeast infections can sometimes be passed between sexual partners.

How can males reduce their risk of developing a yeast infection? To minimize the risk of yeast infections, males should maintain good hygiene, wear breathable underwear, avoid prolonged exposure to moisture, and practice safe sex. Additionally, managing underlying health conditions and using antibiotics only when necessary can help prevent yeast overgrowth.

When to Seek Professional Medical Help

While many male yeast infections can be treated effectively with over-the-counter remedies, there are instances when professional medical help is necessary:

• Persistent symptoms: If symptoms persist after 1-2 weeks of OTC treatment
• Recurring infections: Frequent yeast infections may indicate an underlying health issue
• Severe symptoms: Intense pain, swelling, or fever accompanying the infection
• Uncertainty about diagnosis: If you’re unsure whether your symptoms are due to a yeast infection or another condition
• Compromised immune system: Individuals with weakened immune systems should consult a doctor for any suspected infection

What should you expect during a doctor’s visit for a suspected yeast infection? During a medical consultation, the doctor will likely perform a physical examination, discuss your symptoms and medical history, and may take a sample for laboratory testing to confirm the diagnosis and identify the specific type of fungus causing the infection.

Prevention Strategies for Male Yeast Infections

Preventing male yeast infections is often easier than treating them. Here are some effective prevention strategies:

1. Practice good hygiene: Clean the genital area thoroughly but gently, and dry completely after bathing or swimming.
2. Wear breathable underwear: Choose cotton or moisture-wicking fabrics to keep the genital area dry.
3. Avoid tight-fitting clothing: Loose-fitting garments allow for better air circulation.
4. Change out of wet clothes promptly: Don’t sit around in wet swimwear or sweaty gym clothes.
5. Maintain a healthy diet: A balanced diet can support your immune system and help maintain a healthy balance of bacteria in your body.
6. Use condoms: While yeast infections aren’t typically sexually transmitted, using condoms can help prevent the spread of infection between partners.
7. Manage underlying health conditions: Keep diabetes or other health issues that may increase your risk of yeast infections under control.

Are there any specific dietary changes that can help prevent yeast infections? While no diet can guarantee prevention of yeast infections, some people find that reducing sugar and refined carbohydrates in their diet helps manage yeast overgrowth. Additionally, consuming probiotic-rich foods like yogurt may support a healthy balance of bacteria in the body.

The Impact of Male Yeast Infections on Sexual Health

Male yeast infections can have several implications for sexual health:

• Discomfort during sexual activity: Yeast infections can cause pain or irritation during intercourse.
• Potential transmission to partners: While not classified as an STI, yeast infections can sometimes be passed between sexual partners.
• Psychological impact: The discomfort and appearance changes associated with yeast infections may affect self-esteem and sexual confidence.
• Fertility concerns: In rare cases, severe or chronic yeast infections may impact sperm quality or motility.

Is it safe to engage in sexual activity while having a yeast infection? It’s generally recommended to avoid sexual activity until the infection has cleared. This helps prevent potential discomfort and reduces the risk of passing the infection to a partner. If you do engage in sexual activity, using a condom can help reduce the risk of transmission.

Debunking Common Myths About Male Yeast Infections

There are several misconceptions about male yeast infections that need to be addressed:

1. Myth: Only women get yeast infections.
   Reality: While more common in women, men can also develop yeast infections.
2. Myth: Yeast infections are always sexually transmitted.
   Reality: While they can be passed through sexual contact, yeast infections often occur due to other factors like antibiotic use or poor hygiene.
3. Myth: Yeast infections will go away on their own.
   Reality: While mild infections may sometimes resolve without treatment, most require antifungal medication for effective resolution.
4. Myth: You can’t get a yeast infection if you’re circumcised.
   Reality: While uncircumcised men are at higher risk, circumcised men can still develop yeast infections.
5. Myth: Only people with poor hygiene get yeast infections.
   Reality: While good hygiene helps prevent infections, even individuals with excellent hygiene can develop yeast infections due to other risk factors.

Do male yeast infections always require medical treatment? While some mild yeast infections may resolve on their own, most benefit from treatment with antifungal medications. Over-the-counter treatments are often effective, but persistent or severe infections should be evaluated by a healthcare professional.

Understanding the facts about male yeast infections is crucial for proper prevention, recognition, and treatment. By debunking these myths, men can be better equipped to manage their sexual health and seek appropriate care when needed.

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A male yeast infection is a fungal infection. Two types of fungi that can cause a yeast infection in males are dermatophytes and Candida, typically Candida albicans. A person may be able to reduce the symptoms and treat the infection at home.

Yeast infections are more common in uncircumcised males because the foreskin provides a place for the yeast to grow.

In this article, we look at how to treat a yeast infection in males at home. We also discuss the symptoms of these infections and explain when to see a doctor.

Share on PinterestAn antifungal cream may help manage symptoms of a yeast infection.

Some people may find that home remedies can provide symptom relief.

Over-the-counter (OTC) antifungal cream

As yeast is a type of fungus, topical antifungal creams can help treat yeast infections. Clotrimazole 1% and miconazole 1% are the first-line treatments for yeast infections. Those who are allergic to these medications can use nystatin cream instead.

A person can apply these OTC topical antifungals for 1–3 weeks.

If a person has a severe infection, they should see a doctor, as they may need oral antifungal medication.

Antifungal creams are available to purchase online.

Honey

Research suggests that honey may be able to inhibit the growth of fungi. A 2019 study tested different types of honey against C. albicans and dermatophytes. The researchers found that Agastache, manuka, and tea tree honey demonstrated the highest levels of fungicidal activity.

People can purchase manuka honey online.

Yogurt

People can try applying yogurt to the affected area, or they can eat it to promote the growth of beneficial bacteria.

Yogurt contains bacteria called Lactobacillus that might help restore a healthy bacterial balance.

A 2015 study of females with vaginal yeast infections found that a solution of honey and yogurt mixed with clotrimazole relieved some of their symptoms.

This strategy might also work on penile yeast infections.

Apple cider vinegar (ACV)

Although more research is necessary to confirm its benefits, ACV remains a popular home remedy that may be effective against yeast infections.

However, there is conflicting research regarding the effectiveness of ACV against Candida.

One 2015 study found that ACV showed antifungal properties against this species. However, a more recent 2019 article found that although ACV has strong antibacterial properties, yeasts, particularly Candida, were less susceptible.

It is important to note that applying vinegar to delicate skin, such as the penis, may cause skin reactions. Therefore, a person wishing to try using ACV may find it helpful to dilute it in a little water.

Many different apple cider vinegar products are available online.

There are three common types of yeast infection that can occur in males.

Candidiasis

Candidiasis is another term for thrush.

According to the United Kingdom’s National Health Service (NHS), some people may not have any symptoms.

However, if symptoms do occur, they can include:

• irritation, itching, or burning sensations under the foreskin
• flushed patches of skin under the foreskin or at the tip of the penis
• discharge under the foreskin that can look similar to cottage cheese
• an unpleasant smell
• a tight foreskin

Jock itch

According to the Urology Care Foundation, jock itch, or tinea cruris, is also a type of fungal infection. However, it typically occurs due to dermatophytes, as opposed to C. albicans.

The symptoms are similar to those of a yeast infection, but they include a rash around the groin that may extend to the thighs, perineum, or buttocks.

Balanitis

Balanitis is a type of itching and inflammation of the head of the penis. C. albicans appears to be the most common cause of balanitis.

The symptoms of balanitis include:

• tight, shiny skin
• inflammation
• thick, white discharge under the foreskin
• tight foreskin
• sores
• painful urination

Male yeast infections occur when there is an overgrowth of yeast.

Certain factors may increase the likelihood of this occurring:

Antibiotics

Taking antibiotics may kill some healthy bacteria that keep yeast in check.

A weakened immune system

Chronic underlying diseases, such as diabetes and HIV, may weaken the body’s immune response and increase the risk of yeast infections.

A person should wash the penis regularly with warm water. If they have a foreskin, they should gently pull it back and wash underneath it.

Anyone with a yeast infection should avoid sexual activity until the infection has cleared.

If a person notices any symptoms of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), they should see a doctor. Some STIs increase the chance of yeast infections.

A person should call a doctor if there is any sign of an infection on the genitals or if prescription treatments are not working for a known infection.

People with HIV or a weakened immune system should speak to a doctor about a yeast infection as soon as possible, as they have an increased chance of the infection spreading to other parts of the body.

Yeast infections can be painful and uncomfortable. They typically occur when there is an overgrowth of yeast.

Although a person can try home remedies to relieve the symptoms, they should see a doctor for a proper diagnosis.

Male Yeast Infection: Symptoms, Treatment, and More

Penile yeast infections can create a range of uncomfortable symptoms, but are often treated quickly by OTC medications, and can be reduced by taking certain steps, such as practicing proper hygiene.

A yeast infection is often thought of as a female health problem, but it can affect anyone, including people with a penis.

A penile yeast infection can lead to a wide range of painful and uncomfortable symptoms if not treated. It can also lead to serious complications if the infection spreads to your bloodstream.

Over-the-counter (OTC) medications can often clear up a yeast infection, and some basic prevention steps can help you avoid this fairly common condition.

Some of the most common symptoms of a penile yeast infection include:

• redness, soreness, or swelling of the penis
• white, shiny patches at the top of the penis
• small red spots at the top of the penis
• cracked foreskin
• thick, white discharge under the foreskin or other folds of skin
• difficulty pulling back the foreskin
• itchiness
• burning sensation during urination
• pain or discomfort during sex

Redness, itchiness, and pain in the penis can be signs of other more serious conditions, like some sexually transmitted infections (STIs), so do not ignore symptoms once they appear.

A urologist or primary care doctor can diagnose the condition, often in a single appointment.

A yeast infection is usually caused by a fungus called candida. A small amount of candida is usually present in the body. All it takes is an overgrowth of candida to develop a yeast infection.

A moist environment is ideal for candida to spread, according to 2018 research.

Having sex with a person who has a vaginal yeast infection without using a condom can also cause a penile yeast infection. However, you can also develop an infection without sexual activity.

Aside from sex with a partner who has a yeast infection, several other risk factors can increase your odds of developing a penile yeast infection, such as:

• not cleaning your genitals or bathing regularly
• having a weakened immune function due to certain medications or health conditions
• using antibiotics long term
• wearing wet clothing or tight-fitting underwear
• using skin products or soaps that cause skin irritation
• having diabetes
• using lubricated condoms
• being uncircumcised
• having obesity

Once you make an appointment, a doctor will ask you about your symptoms and likely examine your genitals. Some of the white substance that forms on the penis may be examined under a microscope to confirm the type of fungus causing the symptoms, according to 2022 research.

If you cannot get in to see a doctor or a urologist, consider a visit to an urgent care center or the emergency room. The earlier the problem is diagnosed and treatment begins, the more likely it is you can avoid complications.

It’s not recommended for a person to diagnose themselves and start treatment on their own. If symptoms of a yeast infection are present, contact a doctor. If symptoms are allowed to persist, complications can become very uncomfortable.

In most cases, topical antifungal ointments and creams are enough to clear up an infection. Some of the antifungal creams recommended for a yeast infection include:

• miconazole (Lotrimin AF, Cruex, Desenex, Ting Antifungal)
• imidazole (Canesten, Selezen)
• clotrimazole (Lotrimin AF, Anti-Fungal, Cruex, Desenex, Lotrimin AF Ringworm)

Most of these are available as OTC medications, which means you will not need a prescription. More serious or long-term infections may require prescription-strength medication.

Oral fluconazole (Diflucan) and hydrocortisone cream may be advised in serious infections, like those that have developed into a potentially serious condition called balanitis.

Most antifungal creams are well tolerated and unlikely to cause any serious side effects. Check the label, however, and ask a doctor and pharmacist what to look out for in case you have a bad reaction.

Recurrent yeast infections

Yeast infections sometimes return after they seem to have been cured. If this happens, your doctor will likely recommend a few weeks of daily treatments followed by a few months of weekly treatments.

In some cases, treatment for recurrent yeast infections can last up to 6 months.

If your infection does not respond well to an antifungal ointment and you are uncircumcised, you may be advised to have an adult male circumcision, according to 2016 research. Though this surgical procedure is usually done on infants, it can be done safely on people of any age.

Diabetes and yeast infections

Factors like diabetes and a suppressed immune system may contribute to your yeast infection risk, according to 2019 research.

If you have diabetes, work with a healthcare professional to make sure your blood sugar levels are well-managed. If you have a suppressed immune system, a doctor can recommend ways to help keep your immune system as healthy as possible.

If left untreated, a penile yeast infection can lead to some serious complications.

Balanitis

One of the potential complications of a penile yeast infection is balanitis. Balanitis is an inflammation of the foreskin or head of the penis. Diabetes can increase your risk for balanitis.

If balanitis is not treated effectively, scarring of the foreskin can occur. It can also cause adhesions on the penis.

Balanitis can be painful and make urinating more difficult. If untreated, it can cause swollen and painful glands as well as weakness and fatigue.

Invasive candidiasis

A yeast infection may enter the bloodstream. This is known as candidemia or invasive candidiasis.

This is most common in people who wait to receive treatment until the infection has spread beyond the penis. It is also more common in those with weakened immune systems.

If you’ve been in a hospital and used a catheter to urinate, you may be more likely to face invasive candidiasis. This advanced form of yeast infection is very serious.

Oral antifungal medications may be needed for several weeks. In some cases, the drugs are administered intravenously.

If your infection is treated early and responds well to antifungal medication, it can clear up within 7 to 14 days.

If you are sexually active, your partner should also be treated for a yeast infection to avoid passing the infection on to them, or back to you.

If you get repeated yeast infections and can rule out causes like hygiene and sexual contact, talk with a doctor about other possible causes. You may have an underlying health condition, such as diabetes.

You can help prevent a penile yeast infection by avoiding sexual contact with a partner who has a yeast infection.

You should also avoid having sex with anyone while you have an active yeast infection, as you could pass the infection back to your partner. This could cause the two of you to pass an infection back and forth.

To lower the risk of getting a yeast infection or passing one along, do the following:

• Wear an external condom each time you have sex to help reduce your chances of developing a yeast infection.
• Practice good hygiene, and keep your penis and genitals clean and dry.
• If you are uncircumcised, clean under the foreskin with soap and water, and return your foreskin to its usual position after you have sexual intercourse.

Penile yeast infections are not as common as vaginal yeast infections, but they do occur. They may result from poor hygiene or sex with a partner who has a vaginal yeast infection without using an external condom.

Symptoms include small white patches and redness on the skin as well as itchiness or burning. If left untreated, it can also cause other conditions and complications.

Topical antifungal ointments and creams can typically treat the infection and reduce the risk of long-term complications.

Faces of thrush – buy a preparation for thrush in Ukraine

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Creation date: 06/05/2022
Date updated: 09. 06.2023

Thrush – lesions of the mucous membranes, more commonly – skin folds and nails, caused by a mentally pathogenic yeast fungus of the genus Candida. In a small number, this microorganism enters the warehouse of healthy microflora of the oral cavity, the organs of the intestine, and does not show itself. However, for the first damage in the body, if the concentration of “good” bacteria decreases, yeast fungi begin to multiply uncontrollably and pass into the category of “bad ones”.

If you talk about thrush, call out for damage to the organs of the body – call out, women, – and so on, and similar medical terms, like vaginal candidiasis or candidiasis vulvovaginitis. Tsya fungal infection does not lie up to venereal disease, although the clinical picture is similar. The head symptoms of vaginal candidiasis are stinging, blackening, liver, (more) bіl dіlyantsі genitals, as well as thick vision, scho for the color of that consistency guess the sir, which explains the name of the disease. Faces of thrush against fungicide (Latin “fungus” – mushroom, “caedo” – I drive in) – a speech, which emphasizes the life of fungi.

Reasons for the development of thrush

It is important to know a woman, as if she had never run into a delicate problem in her life. To that, with the method of prevention of thrush of the skin, the girl is well aware of the factors of risk and development. The most common causes of vaginal candidiasis are:

• Vіdsutnіnії vіdsutnії vіdsutnії vіdsutnії vіdsutnії vіdsutnіnії і zapіnіnnya shkiri statevyh organіv. Tse mozhe v_dbuvatisya through stіyne vykoristannya schdennyh pads, wearing tight or synthetic white.
• Non-compliance with the rules of special hygiene. Elderly woman, as a state of life, it is recommended to take two girls for a day, and also after the state act.
• Trivalium taking antibiotics. Together with pathogenic microorganisms, lactobacilli also decrease, which regulate the concentration of mental pathogens – the main side effect of antibiotic therapy.
• In parallel, the presence of venereal disease. Thrush can “mask” a serious diagnosis – for example, gonorrhea or trichomoniasis.
• Reduced immunity. In people with immunodeficiency, the reproduction of pathogens is significantly more pronounced.
• Hormonal changes. Especially in front of thrush, women are at the menopause and vaginess.
• Wrong choice of intimate cosmetics. Before thrush, produce food with flavorings, farbnik, puddle district.
• Depressive and stressful. Psychic disorders weaken the body and reduce its resistance to a disease-causing flora.
• Problems with metabolism. The risk category is consumed by people who suffer from diabetes and disorders in the endocrine system.
• Deficiency of saliva and a number of vitamins, including B12.
• More important is the diet of simple carbohydrates, ingested with malt.
• Moving to the other climatic zone.
• Swimming in pools with heavily chlorinated water.

First buy faces for thrush, you need to turn off concomitant venereal disease. To that, with the appearance of a sign of candidiasis, it is necessary to go back to the doctor and go through obstezhennia. On the basis of these results, as well as data on anamnesis and general clinical picture, there is a competently complex examination. Ignoring candidiasis, or wrongly self-deprecating, can lead to the fact that you will turn into a chronic form, as more therapy is needed. An important point: if one of the sexual partners has a thrush, it is necessary to go through both.

Types of drugs for thrush

The current pharmaceutical market offers a wide range of oral and systemic drugs for the treatment of vaginal candidiasis. The most wide-ranging and similar dosage forms:

• Antifungal vaginal suppositories. Respect the most effective solutions. Introduced into the pіhva and may finish the shvidka mіstsevu diyu. Over-the-counter preparations can be administered independently – the stench practically cannot be counter-indicated and does not call for side effects in case of a three-valued course. It is allowed to stagnate during the period of vagity and lactation. Fungicidal suppositories can be used as fluffy speech in the warehouse of fungicidal suppositories, but miconazole, chlorhexidine antiseptic, ketoconazole, clotrimazole.
• Tablets and capsules for candidiasis. The main active ingredient in the warehouse is fluconazole. This synthetic preparation is victorious against various fungal infections. Oral zasіb in the case of thrush can be detrimental to the effectiveness of candles, but also due to the simplicity of zastosuvannya and swidky effect. So, at the primordial stage of thrush, it is enough for a person to take a single pill, and for women, a second dose is needed every other day. However, for women at the cіkavomu position, in order to get rid of the risks for the child, the doctors call to appoint mіstsevі zasobi.
• Fungicidal ointments, gels and creams. Breathing consistency, qi preparations may be the very principle of diy. It is applied directly to the lesions of the plant, which causes inadmissible symptoms in the sense of the term, without affecting the body as a whole. Vykoristovuyutsya as an independent or additional benefit in the treatment of vaginal candidiasis. They are prepared on the basis of butoconazole, clotrimazole and other speech-fungicides.
• Douche kit. Use antiseptics and may be bactericidal or bacteriostatic, stimulating the growth of a number of pathogenic microorganisms. Chlorhexidine, benzyldimethyl-myristoylamino-propylamine are widely used as supplements in the fight against fungus.

Drugs for thrush are selected individually according to the improvement of the dynamics and development and severity/prevalence of contraindications to other types of drugs. The course of complex reparation will start to become 5-10 days, and the improvement will be observed already after a sprat of dib. For the help of the MIS Pharmacy 9-1-1 website, you can buy drugs for thrush, breast and systemic at an affordable price. If you can, you can get it online with delivery all over Ukraine.

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1. GoodRX;
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Popular nutrition

For the infection of the mucosa, special medicinal products are used – for example, “Miramistin”, chlorhexidine. You can go to the folk recipes and drink the water of the hour.

Can you drink soda when you have thrush?

The use of soda for hygienic purposes will help to change the liver and other intolerable manifestations of illness, but not the therapeutic effect.

How fast will a thrush be?

At the first appearance of a fungal infection in humans, one tablet of fluconazole is enough, for women – two. Prote, recurrent thrush will require a comprehensive treatment for medical and systemic diseases.

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Vaginitis – symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of inflammation of the vagina

Vaginitis is an inflammation of the vaginal mucosa which can lead to discharge, itching and pain. The reason is usually: a change in the balance caused by the reproduction of opportunistic microflora; sexually transmitted infection; decrease in estrogen levels after menopause and some other diseases.

Most common types of vaginitis:

Bacterial vaginosis . Develops due to excessive growth of the opportunistic microflora of the vagina, which disrupts the natural balance.

Yeast colpitis (thrush, candidiasis). Inflammatory disease of the vaginal mucosa caused by the fungus Candida albicans.

Infectious vaginitis . Distinguish trichomonas, mycoplasma and other types of vaginitis. The causative agent in trichomoniasis is trichomonas vaginalis, usually transmitted sexually, can be transmitted from an infected mother to a child at birth.

Noninfectious vaginitis . Hygiene products may cause an allergic reaction or irritation leading to inflammation of the tissues of the vulva and vagina.

Atrophic vaginitis . Develops as a result of a decrease in estrogen levels after menopause or surgical removal of the ovaries.

Symptoms of vaginitis

Symptoms and signs of vaginitis may include:

• Change in color, smell or amount of vaginal discharge

• Vaginal itching or irritation

• Pain during intercourse

• Painful urination

• Minor vaginal bleeding or spotting

If a woman has vaginal discharge, its characteristics may indicate a particular type of vaginitis. For example:

Bacterial vaginosis may present as a greyish-white discharge with an unpleasant odor. The odor, often described as “fishy”, may be more evident after intercourse.

Yeast infection. The main symptom is itching, but there may also be a thick white discharge resembling cottage cheese.

Trichomoniasis may be accompanied by a greenish-yellow, sometimes frothy discharge.

When to see a gynecologist

See a doctor if you experience vaginal discomfort, especially if:

– You have never had a vaginal infection . Seeing a doctor can help identify the cause and teach you to recognize the signs and symptoms

– You have had several sexual partners or recently had a new partner. Symptoms may be a manifestation of a sexually transmitted infection, some of which have symptoms similar to thrush or bacterial vaginosis you have fever, chills or pelvic pain

You probably don’t need to see a doctor every time you experience vaginal irritation and discharge, especially if:

you have already been diagnosed with thrush (candidiasis) and the symptoms are the same as before

– you are familiar with the symptoms of a yeast infection and are sure that this is what you have.

Causes of vaginitis

Bacterial vaginosis. This most common type of vaginitis results from an imbalance in the opportunistic microflora of the vagina. What causes the imbalance is unknown. Several microorganisms are involved in the occurrence of bacterial vaginosis, and not just gardnerella vaginalis, as previously thought. Normally, lactobacilli predominate in the vagina. With bacterial vaginosis, their number in the vagina decreases, while the number of vaginal gardnerella and other anaerobes increases (bacteroids, mobilincus, peptococci, ureaplasma and mycoplasma).

Bacterial vaginosis may be asymptomatic. This type of vaginitis appears to be related to, but not caused by, sex, especially if the woman has multiple sexual partners or a new sexual partner, but it also occurs in women who are not sexually active.

Yeast colpitis. This type of vaginitis is caused by a fungal growth in the vagina, usually Candida albicans. C. albicans also causes infections in other wet areas of the body, such as the mouth, skin folds, and nail beds. The fungus can also cause diaper rash.

Trichomonas. This common sexually transmitted infection is caused by a single-celled protozoan called Trichomonas vaginalis. In men, the microorganism usually affects the urinary tract, but is often asymptomatic. In women, trichomoniasis usually affects the vagina and can cause symptoms.

Noninfectious vaginitis. Vaginal sprays, douches, scented soaps, scented detergents and spermicides, toilet paper, tampons and pads may cause an allergic reaction or irritation leading to inflammation of the vulvar and vaginal tissues.

Atrophic vaginitis. Decreased estrogen levels after menopause or surgical removal of the ovaries can lead to thinning of the vaginal mucosa, sometimes leading to vaginal irritation, burning, and dryness.

Factors that increase the risk of vaginitis include:

– Hormonal changes, such as those associated with pregnancy, birth control pills, or menopause

– Sexual activity

– Having a sexually transmitted infection

– Medications such as antibiotics and steroids

– Using spermicides for birth control

– Uncontrolled diabetes ginal spray or vaginal deodorant

– Douching

– Wearing wet or tight clothing

– Using an intrauterine device (IUD)

Complications of vaginitis

Women with trichomoniasis or bacterial vaginosis are at greater risk of contracting sexually transmitted infections due to the inflammation caused by these diseases.

Inflammation can spread to the cervix, which prevents bacteria and viruses from entering the uterus. When the cervix is ​​infected, there is an increased risk of infection reaching the uterus.

Diagnosis of vaginitis

Gynecologists diagnose vaginitis based on the history of the disease, symptoms, results of a gynecological examination (presence of inflammation, vaginal discharge). Gynecological examination, including using mirrors, is performed to examine the upper, lower and side walls of the vagina and cervix. On examination, hyperemia (redness) of the mucosa, its swelling, damage, and inflammatory discharge can be detected.

During a gynecological examination, the doctor may take samples of discharge from the vagina, urethra, and cervix. These samples are sent to the laboratory for bacterioscopic or bacteriological examination, PCR diagnostics to identify the pathogen and determine its sensitivity to antibiotics.

Treatment and prevention of vaginitis

Various organisms and conditions can cause vaginitis, so treatment is directed at the specific cause.

No treatment required if vaginitis is caused by an allergic reaction to products such as spermicides or feminine hygiene products. A woman needs to pinpoint the source of irritation and avoid it. Possible sources include new soap, laundry detergent, sanitary napkins, tampons, etc.

If the cause of vaginitis is a sexually transmitted infection (STI), both you and your partner will need treatment, often with antibiotics. Antibiotics are prescribed for STIs such as gonorrhea, chlamydia, or bacterial infections, including bacterial vaginosis.

For trichomoniasis, the gynecologist may prescribe metronidazole (Flagyl) or tinidazole (Tindamax) tablets.

A doctor may recommend antiviral drugs for genital herpes in the vagina to help speed up the healing process, but there is no cure for herpes.

Yeast colpitis. An over-the-counter antifungal cream or suppository, such as miconazole, clotrimazole, butoconazole, or thioconazole, is commonly prescribed for thrush. Yeast infections can also be treated with prescription oral antifungals such as fluconazole (Diflucan).

The benefits of over-the-counter treatment are convenience, cost and no waiting to see a doctor. However, you may have something other than a yeast infection. Using the wrong medication can delay an accurate diagnosis and proper treatment.

Atrophic vaginitis. Estrogen – in the form of vaginal creams, tablets, or rings, can relieve this type of vaginitis. The treatment is prescribed by the doctor after considering the risk factors and possible complications.

Bacterial vaginosis. Antibiotics are the mainstay of treatment for bacterial vaginosis. Your doctor will usually prescribe metronidazole or clindamycin tablets or vaginal suppositories. Metronidazole can also be used as a vaginal gel. Therapy should be comprehensive in order to suppress all possible pathogens of bacterial vaginosis. Bacterial vaginosis may recur after treatment.

To reduce the risk of vaginitis from sexually transmitted infections, use condoms consistently and correctly every time you have sex. By being in a long-term relationship, you can reduce your chances of contracting an STI.

Proper hygiene can prevent some types of vaginitis from recurring:

– Avoid baths and hot tubs.

— Avoid irritants. These include scented tampons, pads, showers and scented soaps. Rinse the soap off the vulva after showering and dry it well to prevent irritation.

– Dry from front to back after going to the toilet. This will prevent the spread of fecal bacteria into the vagina.

– Avoid douching. The vagina does not require cleansing other than a regular shower. Repetitive douching destroys the beneficial microorganisms that live in the vagina and can increase the risk of a vaginal infection. Douching will not get rid of a vaginal infection.

– Wear cotton underwear. Also wear tights with a cotton crotch.