What are the signs of uterine prolapse. How is uterine prolapse diagnosed. What are the treatment options for uterine prolapse. Can uterine prolapse be prevented. How does uterine prolapse affect quality of life.

What is Uterine Prolapse?

Uterine prolapse is a condition where the uterus descends or slips from its normal position in the pelvis into the vaginal canal. This occurs when the muscles, ligaments, and tissues that support the uterus weaken or stretch, causing it to drop down.

The severity of uterine prolapse can vary, ranging from mild cases where only a small portion of the uterus protrudes into the vagina, to more severe cases where the entire uterus bulges out of the vaginal opening. Understanding the basics of this condition is crucial for early detection and proper management.

Degrees of Uterine Prolapse

Uterine prolapse is typically classified into four degrees:

• First-degree: The cervix descends into the vagina but remains inside
• Second-degree: The cervix protrudes to the vaginal opening
• Third-degree: The cervix protrudes outside the vagina
• Fourth-degree: The entire uterus protrudes outside the vagina

Causes and Risk Factors of Uterine Prolapse

Uterine prolapse occurs when the pelvic floor muscles and ligaments supporting the uterus become weakened or stretched. Several factors can contribute to this condition:

• Pregnancy and childbirth, especially multiple vaginal deliveries
• Age and menopause
• Obesity
• Chronic cough or constipation
• Heavy lifting or straining
• Genetic factors affecting connective tissue strength
• Previous pelvic surgeries

Understanding these risk factors can help in identifying individuals who may be more susceptible to developing uterine prolapse and implementing preventive measures.

Recognizing the Symptoms of Uterine Prolapse

Identifying the symptoms of uterine prolapse is crucial for early diagnosis and treatment. Common signs include:

• A feeling of heaviness or pulling in the pelvis
• A bulge or protrusion from the vagina
• Difficulty urinating or having a bowel movement
• Lower back pain
• Discomfort during sexual intercourse
• Recurrent bladder infections

Do these symptoms always indicate uterine prolapse? Not necessarily. While these signs are common in cases of uterine prolapse, they can also be associated with other pelvic floor disorders. Therefore, a proper medical evaluation is essential for an accurate diagnosis.

Diagnosing Uterine Prolapse: Medical Procedures and Tests

Diagnosing uterine prolapse typically involves a combination of physical examination and medical tests. The process may include:

1. Pelvic examination: A doctor visually and manually inspects the vagina and pelvic organs
2. Pelvic floor strength assessment: Evaluates the strength of pelvic floor muscles
3. Imaging tests: Such as ultrasound or MRI to visualize the pelvic organs
4. Bladder and bowel function tests: To check for associated urinary or fecal incontinence

How accurate are these diagnostic methods? While a pelvic examination is often sufficient for diagnosis, additional tests can help determine the severity of the prolapse and identify any related conditions.

Treatment Options for Uterine Prolapse

The treatment for uterine prolapse depends on the severity of the condition and the patient’s symptoms. Options range from conservative approaches to surgical interventions:

Non-Surgical Treatments

• Pelvic floor exercises (Kegel exercises)
• Pessary insertion
• Lifestyle changes (weight loss, avoiding heavy lifting)
• Hormone therapy for postmenopausal women

Surgical Treatments

• Vaginal hysterectomy
• Sacrocolpopexy
• Uterosacral ligament suspension
• Manchester procedure

Are surgical treatments always necessary? Not always. Many women with mild to moderate prolapse can effectively manage their symptoms with non-surgical treatments. Surgery is typically reserved for severe cases or when conservative methods fail to provide relief.

Preventing Uterine Prolapse: Lifestyle Changes and Exercises

While not all cases of uterine prolapse can be prevented, certain lifestyle changes and exercises can help reduce the risk:

• Maintaining a healthy weight
• Practicing regular pelvic floor exercises
• Avoiding heavy lifting
• Managing chronic cough and constipation
• Quitting smoking
• Eating a fiber-rich diet

How effective are these preventive measures? While they cannot guarantee prevention, these strategies can significantly reduce the risk of developing uterine prolapse and improve overall pelvic floor health.

Living with Uterine Prolapse: Managing Symptoms and Improving Quality of Life

Uterine prolapse can significantly impact a woman’s quality of life, affecting physical comfort, sexual function, and emotional well-being. However, with proper management, many women can lead fulfilling lives despite this condition.

Strategies for Symptom Management

• Regular pelvic floor exercises
• Using a pessary as recommended by a healthcare provider
• Maintaining good hygiene to prevent infections
• Adapting sexual activities to ensure comfort
• Seeking emotional support through counseling or support groups

Can women with uterine prolapse still engage in physical activities? In most cases, yes. However, it’s important to consult with a healthcare provider to determine which activities are safe and beneficial.

The Role of Pelvic Floor Physical Therapy in Treating Uterine Prolapse

Pelvic floor physical therapy plays a crucial role in the management of uterine prolapse. This specialized form of therapy focuses on strengthening the muscles that support the pelvic organs, including the uterus.

Components of Pelvic Floor Physical Therapy

• Kegel exercises and other pelvic floor muscle training
• Biofeedback techniques
• Manual therapy
• Electrical stimulation
• Education on proper posture and body mechanics

How effective is pelvic floor physical therapy for uterine prolapse? Many women experience significant improvement in symptoms and pelvic floor strength through consistent therapy. It can be particularly effective for mild to moderate cases of prolapse.

Understanding the Connection Between Pregnancy, Childbirth, and Uterine Prolapse

Pregnancy and childbirth are significant risk factors for uterine prolapse. The physical stress of carrying a baby and the strain of vaginal delivery can weaken the pelvic floor muscles and supporting tissues.

Factors During Pregnancy and Childbirth That Increase Risk

• Multiple pregnancies
• Large babies (over 8.5 pounds at birth)
• Prolonged labor
• Instrumental deliveries (forceps or vacuum)
• Episiotomy

Does this mean all women who have given birth will develop uterine prolapse? No, not all women who have had children will experience prolapse. However, being aware of the increased risk can help in taking preventive measures and seeking early treatment if symptoms occur.

Technological Advancements in Uterine Prolapse Treatment

Medical technology continues to advance, offering new and improved treatment options for uterine prolapse. These innovations aim to provide more effective, less invasive solutions for women suffering from this condition.

Recent Advancements in Treatment

• Robotic-assisted laparoscopic surgery
• Advanced mesh materials for pelvic organ support
• Stem cell therapy for tissue regeneration
• Improved pessary designs for better comfort and effectiveness

How do these advancements improve treatment outcomes? These new technologies often result in shorter recovery times, reduced complications, and improved long-term success rates compared to traditional treatments.

The Psychological Impact of Uterine Prolapse

Uterine prolapse can have significant psychological effects on women, impacting their self-esteem, body image, and overall mental health. Understanding and addressing these psychological aspects is crucial for comprehensive care.

Common Psychological Challenges

• Anxiety about physical symptoms
• Depression related to lifestyle changes
• Reduced sexual confidence
• Embarrassment or shame
• Fear of social isolation

How can women cope with the psychological impact of uterine prolapse? Seeking professional psychological support, joining support groups, and openly communicating with healthcare providers and loved ones can be beneficial in managing the emotional aspects of this condition.

Uterine Prolapse in Different Age Groups: Variations in Presentation and Treatment

Uterine prolapse can affect women of various ages, from young adults to the elderly. The presentation, impact, and treatment approaches can vary significantly across different age groups.

Age-Specific Considerations

• Young women: Focus on fertility preservation and minimally invasive treatments
• Middle-aged women: Balancing symptom relief with long-term health considerations
• Elderly women: Managing comorbidities and choosing age-appropriate interventions

Do treatment recommendations differ based on age? Yes, age is a significant factor in determining the most appropriate treatment approach. Younger women may opt for more conservative treatments to preserve fertility, while older women might consider more definitive surgical options.

The Role of Nutrition in Preventing and Managing Uterine Prolapse

While nutrition alone cannot prevent or cure uterine prolapse, a healthy diet can play a supportive role in maintaining pelvic floor health and managing symptoms.

Nutritional Considerations for Pelvic Floor Health

• Adequate fiber intake to prevent constipation
• Proper hydration for overall tissue health
• Vitamin C for collagen production and tissue strength
• Omega-3 fatty acids for reducing inflammation
• Calcium and Vitamin D for bone health, especially in postmenopausal women

Can dietary changes alone treat uterine prolapse? While nutrition is important, it should be considered as part of a comprehensive treatment plan that includes medical interventions and lifestyle modifications as recommended by a healthcare provider.

Future Directions in Uterine Prolapse Research and Treatment

The field of uterine prolapse research is continually evolving, with scientists and medical professionals exploring new avenues for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment.

Promising Areas of Research

• Genetic markers for predisposition to pelvic floor disorders
• Advanced imaging techniques for early detection
• Tissue engineering for pelvic floor reconstruction
• Minimally invasive surgical techniques
• Personalized treatment approaches based on individual risk factors

How might these research areas change the landscape of uterine prolapse treatment? As research progresses, we can expect more targeted, effective, and personalized treatment options that could significantly improve outcomes for women with uterine prolapse.

In conclusion, uterine prolapse is a complex condition that affects many women worldwide. By understanding its causes, symptoms, and treatment options, women can be better equipped to manage this condition effectively. As research continues to advance, we can look forward to improved diagnostic tools and treatment strategies that will enhance the quality of life for those affected by uterine prolapse.

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Medicine: Rectal prolapse, illustrationElaine Holmes of Scottish Mesh Survivors group gives evidence of her experience of transvaginal mesh implants, to the Scottish Parliament’s Public…Dr Wael Agur, consultant gynaecologist and obstetrician, gives evidence on the risks associated with transvaginal mesh implants, to the Scottish…Dr Wael Agur, consultant gynaecologist and obstetrician, gives evidence on the risks associated with transvaginal mesh implants, to the Scottish…Elaine Holmes and Olive McIlroy of Scottish Mesh Survivors group give evidence on their experience of transvaginal mesh implants, to the Scottish…Dr Wael Agur, consultant gynaecologist and obstetrician, leaves after giving evidence on the risks associated with transvaginal mesh implants, to the…Members and supporters of theScottish Mesh Survivors group listen to evidence on transvaginal mesh implants, on the public benches at the Scottish. ..Olive McIlroy of Scottish Mesh Survivors group gives evidence of her experience of transvaginal mesh implants, to the Scottish Parliament’s Public…Elaine Holmes and Olive McIlroy of Scottish Mesh Survivors group give evidence on their experience of transvaginal mesh implants, to the Scottish…Elaine Holmes and Olive McIlroy of Scottish Mesh Survivors group give evidence on their experience of transvaginal mesh implants, to the Scottish…Elaine Holmes and Olive McIlroy of Scottish Mesh Survivors group give evidence on their experience of transvaginal mesh implants, to the Scottish…Dried Roots Of The Medicinal Plant Thorow-wax. 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Omission and prolapse of the uterus: symptoms, causes, diagnosis.

Uterine prolapse

• Description
• Organization of treatment
• Cost of treatment

Description

In some cases, the uterus is practically in its place, and there is a prolapse of the cervix associated with its hypertrophy and elongation. It so happened historically that any prolapse of the patient (sometimes doctors) is called prolapse of the uterus, although, as mentioned above, this is not entirely true.

Symptoms

Signs of uterine prolapse consist of dysfunction of those organs that are involved in the pathological process. By itself, the displacement of the uterus causes:

• foreign body sensation in the vagina
• sexual discomfort
• Pulling sensations in the lower abdomen.

It is important to remember the fact that the uterus lies at the top of the vagina, so its prolapse is inevitably accompanied by prolapse of the anterior / posterior wall of the vagina, and hence the bladder / rectum.

That is why patients with “uterine prolapse” complain:

• for urination disorders (difficulty urinating, feeling of incomplete emptying of the bladder, frequent urination, loss of urine during exertion or against the background of sharp urges, etc.)
• for problems with defecation (difficult defecation, defecation in portions, the need to adjust the prolapse to completely empty the bowel, etc.).

Reasons

The causes of uterine prolapse can be described according to the life path model. At the beginning, a person has one or another predisposition to the development of this pathology. Further, various aggressive factors begin to act on it, which lead to the onset of the disease. At the first stage, the body copes with the damage that has occurred, however, age and the accumulation of breakdowns lead to its manifestation and, in fact, to the complaints that were described above. All pathological factors can be divided into the following:

• Heredity. It has been proven that if the next of kin has the disease, the likelihood of occurrence increases several times. Most often, there is a congenital weakness of the connective tissue, which also affects other body systems, manifesting itself in diseases of the musculoskeletal system, varicose veins, and hemorrhoids. However, heredity is still a predisposition not a sentence, but what makes it a reality are the risk factors, which will be discussed below.
• Childbirth and pregnancy. Perhaps the main factor that leads to changes in the qualitative composition of the supporting apparatus of the pelvic floor and its partial damage. Unfortunately, with severe tissue failure, complete prolapse of the uterus can develop immediately after childbirth. On the other hand, in most parturient women, the prolapse completely regresses within the first year.
• Increased loads. And this is not only hard physical labor, but also chronic constipation, lung diseases, accompanied by a constant and severe cough, obesity. All these factors lead to damage to the ligamentous apparatus of the pelvic organs and their prolapse.
• Age. This factor has a complex effect on all supported structures of the pelvic floor. Firstly, with age, the hormonal background changes, and with it the quality of the connective tissue (it becomes looser and weaker). In some patients, hormonal changes lead to deformation and changes in the cervix, according to the type of its elongation and hypertrophy. Secondly, muscle tone decreases, including that of the pelvic floor. In this regard, once received, injuries of the ligamentous apparatus are deprived of support and become obvious

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of uterine prolapse does not raise questions from specialists. To do this, it is necessary to conduct a standard gynecological examination, on the basis of which the stage of prolapse is set and the vaginal section involved in the pathological process is determined.

Most often, there is damage to all three sections of the pelvic floor: anterior, posterior and apical.

In total, four degrees of uterine prolapse are distinguished: the first (initial), when the patient is practically not bothered by anything, the fourth degree is accompanied by a complete prolapse of the pelvic organs.

The study may be supplemented by a digital rectal examination to rule out rectal prolapse.

As instrumental methods, ultrasound of the pelvic organs is performed, and sometimes MRI.

Treatment

Treatment of uterine prolapse includes surgical and conservative methods of treatment.

Conservative methods include:

• Kegel exercises during uterine prolapse are aimed at increasing the tone of the pelvic floor muscles. Due to this, a base appears in the damaged ligamentous apparatus, which prevents the pelvic organs from dropping excessively. Unfortunately, it is quite difficult to perform these exercises correctly, since it is difficult to train what you cannot see and do not control. To solve this issue, biofeedback devices (BFB-therapy) were developed, which increases the effectiveness of exercises several times. This method will be useful for young patients and women after childbirth.
• Pessaries and bandages are designed to create an obstacle in the way of descending organs. When the uterus is lowered, the pessary is placed in the vagina and serves as a kind of spacer. Unfortunately, the presence of a foreign body inside often causes discomfort, chronic inflammation and, most importantly, requires regular visits to the gynecologist to change it. In the case of bandages, it is just tight underwear that does not allow prolapse to come out of the vagina. Sometimes it is combined with a pessary and works like a “cork”. These methods can be used if the operation cannot be done for some reason. This can be compared with a crutch for a limb injury.

Operation

The main method of treatment is still surgical, since the supporting apparatus of the pelvis is not restored. Unfortunately, the most popular method – removal of the uterus often does not help, since not only the uterus descends, but the pelvic organs (bladder, rectum).

For this reason, this approach leads in 30-50% of cases to the development of vaginal stump prolapse.

Another problem of hysterectomy is post-hysterectomy syndrome, which leads to impaired urination, defecation and decreased sexual function, including due to postoperative shortening of the vagina. The most optimal and proven are reconstructive surgeries performed through the vagina. On the one hand, they allow to achieve a good anatomical result, on the other hand, a good cosmetic effect. One of the most modern techniques is hybrid operations, which allow individualizing the operation for each specific patient, while making the most of his own tissues, and, if necessary, supplementing them with a prosthesis only in the busiest places.

Organization of treatment

Hospitalization for the purpose of surgical treatment is carried out according to the principle “one window” . It is enough for the patient (or the person representing him) to write a letter with the wording of his question. At any time (both before hospitalization and after), you can ask questions of interest to the staff of the department.

CHI and VMP treatment

Citizens of the Russian Federation can receive free treatment under the CHI program for most diseases

No matter where you live

80% of patients come to us from the regions of the Russian Federation and countries of near and far abroad

Many years of experience

Every year more than 3000 operations of any complexity are performed in the Department of Urology

At any time (both before hospitalization and after), you can ask questions of interest to the staff of the department.

1. Online consultation with a specialist

The organization of hospitalization for the purpose of surgical treatment is carried out according to the principle of “one window”. To do this, it is enough for the patient (or the person representing him) to write a letter with the wording of his question.

Write a letter

2. Appointment of the date of hospitalization

After the consultation, our administrator will contact you within a few days to make an appointment for hospitalization.

3. Examination before hospitalization

Preoperative examination should be carried out only after the approval of the date of hospitalization. You can get most of the examinations at the antenatal clinic or polyclinic at the place of residence free of charge, under the CHI policy.

If in your locality there is no opportunity to be adequately examined – do it in the regional center, if everything cannot be done within the framework of compulsory medical insurance (under the policy) – do it in paid laboratories (clinics).

NOT LATE THAN 14 DAYS before hospitalization, you must send SCANS (not photographs) of the test results to the email address: [email protected]

4. Hospitalization in department

10 days before surgery it is NECESSARY to stop drugs that affect blood clotting (aspirin, Plavix, warfarin, etc.) unless otherwise agreed with the attending physicians.

It is highly desirable to arrive for surgical treatment with pre-selected and purchased surgical compression stockings (white stockings, antithrombotic 2nd class of compression or as recommended by the vascular surgeon).

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Prolapse of the uterus: symptoms and treatment

• Home
• Uterine prolapse: symptoms and treatment

08/01/2018

Uterus prolapse is a gynecological problem that can affect not so few women as it might seem at first glance. This disease is characterized by a constant increasing displacement of the pelvic organs downward. The prolapse of the uterus brings a lot of inconvenience and discomfort to a woman’s life, so this problem needs to be solved as soon as possible. In this article, we will try to figure out what this disease is and what methods it is customary to treat.

Symptoms of prolapse of the uterus

Prolapse of the walls of the uterus is characterized by the following symptoms:

• Changes in the normal schedule of menstruation. The menstrual cycle begins to move away, or vice versa, it comes much faster than expected.
• Sensation of a foreign body in the vagina. The woman will feel as if her vagina is filled with something. The sensations themselves can be both constant and periodically disappear.
• Painful intercourse. Having sex during prolapse of the uterus can cause both sharp and not the most severe pain. In any case, discomfort will be present.
• Drawing pains in the lower abdomen. The stomach will hurt: not too sharply, but the attacks of pain themselves will be relatively protracted.
• Drawing pains in the loin and sacrum. The back will also suffer from uterine prolapse, so if such a symptom occurs, uterine prolapse should also be suspected.
• Problems with urination. They can appear in completely different ways. Someone begins too frequent urge to go to the toilet, and someone begins to feel pain when urinating.
• Congestion in the urinary organs. This symptom leads to more serious complications, which are characterized by infection of the lower and upper urinary tract.
• Urinary incontinence. Due to problems with urination, uncontrolled urination may begin. At the same time, it can be either spontaneous, without any urge to urinate, or with a preliminary desire to immediately visit the restroom.
• Proctological problems. With prolapse of the uterus, they occur in almost a third of patients. It can be both incontinence of gas and fecal masses, and constipation and colitis.
• Uterine prolapse. If a woman does not turn to doctors in time to cure the prolapse of the uterus, her prolapse may begin. The uterus begins to protrude from the vagina. Its external can be both matte and shiny, and the surface will be matte and covered with abrasions. Actually, a woman will be able to detect such an education on her own, which most often serves as the reason for contacting a doctor.

Causes of uterine prolapse

There are many reasons why uterine prolapse can begin. So, the most common is the slowdown in collagen production in connective tissues. Because of this, the ligaments begin to stretch, which leads to the prolapse of the pelvic organs – both the uterus and the vagina.

Another common cause of uterine prolapse problems is decreased muscle tone. This process is most often observed in pregnant women or in women who have recently given birth. The fact is that during childbirth, a rather serious load is placed on the body, and it is especially strong on the pelvic organs. If optimal tone is lost, the muscles will not be able to prevent the uterus from moving towards the vagina.

Quite often, such problems arise as a result of birth trauma. Cases when a woman receives injuries to the perineum during childbirth are not at all uncommon. If the birth was especially difficult, the abdominal organs can suffer quite a lot, from which uterine prolapse begins.

Changes with age are another reason for prolapse and even prolapse of the uterus. With age, women begin to reduce the production of estrogen, due to which a gradual loss of muscle tone begins. Especially often the prolapse of the uterus manifests itself during menopause.

Uterine prolapse is a common syndrome in overweight women. So, excess body weight creates an additional load on the internal organs. Moreover, chronic disorders of the digestive system (especially constipation) can cause changes in the normal position of the uterus.

Diagnosis of uterine prolapse

If a problem of this nature is detected at an early stage, there is every chance of avoiding surgery and the appearance of more serious and painful symptoms.

Diagnosis of uterine prolapse is combined from several stages:

1. Complete examination of the patient on the gynecological chair,
2. Diagnosis with special equipment,
3. Delivery of laboratory tests.

If the case caused a lot of additional symptoms, the gynecologist can prescribe additional consultations of the proctologist and urologist.

Treatment of uterine prolapse

Treatment of uterine prolapse is a lengthy and complex procedure. So, if the symptoms themselves are relatively frivolous, it is quite possible to get by with Kegel exercises. They will be individually prescribed by the doctor to each patient with similar problems.

If the problem turned out to be sufficiently neglected, surgical intervention is mandatory.