Vulval cyst images | DermNet NZ

Vulval cyst images — codes and concepts

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Synonyms:

Cysts of the vulva images

Categories:

Age site specific,

Images

Subcategories:

Milial cysts of the vulva,

Epidermoid cysts of the vulva,

Cutaneous endometriosis of the vulva,

Bartholin cyst,

Steatocystoma of the vulva

ICD-10:

N90.7, N90.9, L72.0, N80.8, N75.0, L72.2, L72.3

ICD-11:

GA13.3, EK70.Y, EK70.0Z, GA10.6, GA03.1, 2F22

SNOMED CT:

60098005, 282025003, 37719003, 419893006, 446935007, 38780008, 57044006, 429358008, 109433009

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Vulval milial cysts

Vulval epidermoid cysts

Cutaneous endometriosis of the vulva

Bartholin cyst

Steatocystoma of the vulva

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Related information

Bartholin Gland Cyst | Michigan Medicine

Topic Overview

What are the Bartholin glands?

The Bartholin glands are two small organs under the skin in a woman’s genital area. They are on either side of the folds of skin (labia) that surround the vagina and urethra. Most of the time, you can’t feel or see these glands.

The Bartholin glands make a small amount of fluid that moistens the outer genital area, or vulva. This fluid comes out of two tiny tubes next to the opening of the vagina. These tubes are called Bartholin ducts.

What are Bartholin gland cysts?

If a Bartholin duct gets blocked, fluid builds up in the gland. The blocked gland is called a Bartholin gland cyst. (Sometimes it’s called a Bartholin duct cyst.) These cysts can range in size from a pea to a large marble. They usually grow slowly. If the Bartholin gland or duct gets infected, it’s called a Bartholin gland abscess.

Bartholin gland cysts are often small and painless. Some go away without treatment. But if you have symptoms, you might want treatment. If the cyst is infected, you will need treatment.

What causes a Bartholin gland cyst?

Things like an infection, thick mucus, or swelling can block a Bartholin gland duct and cause a cyst. The cyst can get bigger after sex, because the glands make more fluid during sex.

Infected Bartholin cysts are sometimes caused by sexually transmitted infections (STIs). You can lower your risk of STIs by using a condom when you have sex.

What are the symptoms?

You may not have any symptoms if the Bartholin gland cyst is small. But a large cyst or an infected cyst (abscess) can cause symptoms.

Symptoms of a cyst that is not infected include:

• A painless lump in the vulva area.
• Redness or swelling in the vulva area.
• Discomfort when you walk, sit, or have sex.

Symptoms of an infected cyst include:

• Pain that gets worse and makes it hard to walk, sit, or move around.
• Fever and chills.
• Swelling in the vulva area.
• Drainage from the cyst.

How are Bartholin gland cysts diagnosed?

You may find a Bartholin gland cyst on your own, or your doctor may notice it during a physical exam. Unless it is causing symptoms, you may not know you have one.

An abscess is diagnosed based on signs of infection, such as fever or swelling, and pain in the vulva area.

In some cases, especially if you are older, your doctor may remove the cyst to make sure that it isn’t cancer or another problem.

How are they treated?

Some Bartholin gland cysts go away without treatment. You can take a nonprescription pain medicine such as ibuprofen (Advil or Motrin, for example) to relieve pain. To help healing, soak the area in a shallow, warm bath, or a sitz bath. Don’t have sex while a Bartholin cyst is healing.

If the cyst is infected, it may break open and start to heal on its own after 3 to 4 days. But if the cyst is painful, your doctor may drain it. You may also need to take antibiotics to treat the infection.

To keep the cyst from closing and filling up again, your doctor may put a small drainage tube with a small balloon at one end inside the cyst. The balloon is inflated inside the cyst to keep the cyst open. After the gland has healed, the tube and balloon are removed.

Sometimes a carbon dioxide laser or silver nitrate is used to prevent a cyst from growing back. For severe cysts that keep coming back, you may have surgery to remove the Bartholin gland and duct.

There is a procedure called marsupialization in which a pouch is created by making a cut over the cyst and stitching the sides together. This allows the cyst to drain.

A Report of Two Cases of “Giant Bartholin Gland Cysts” Successfully Treated by Excision with Review of Literature

J Clin Diagn Res. 2017 Jun; 11(6): PD11–PD13.

,¹,²,³ and ⁴

Anji Reddy Kallam

¹ Director and Plastic Surgeon, Department of Plastic Surgery, ASRAM Medical College, Eluru, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Vandana Kanumury

² Professor and Head, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, ASRAM Medical College, Eluru, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Naveena Bhimavarapu

³ Postgraduate student, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, ASRAM Medical College, Eluru, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Bhavika Soorada

⁴ Postgraduate student, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, ASRAM Medical College, Eluru, Andhra Pradesh, India.

¹ Director and Plastic Surgeon, Department of Plastic Surgery, ASRAM Medical College, Eluru, Andhra Pradesh, India.

² Professor and Head, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, ASRAM Medical College, Eluru, Andhra Pradesh, India.

³ Postgraduate student, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, ASRAM Medical College, Eluru, Andhra Pradesh, India.

⁴ Postgraduate student, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, ASRAM Medical College, Eluru, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Corresponding author.NAME, ADDRESS, E-MAIL ID OF THE CORRESPONDING AUTHOR: Dr. Anji Reddy Kallam, Director and Plastic Surgeon, Department of Plastic Surgery, ASRAM Medical college, Eluru-534004, Andhra Pradesh, India. E-mail: moc.liamg@ijnakydder

Received 2017 Jan 17; Revisions requested 2017 Mar 28; Accepted 2017 Apr 17.

Copyright © 2017 Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic ResearchThis article has been cited by other articles in PMC.

Abstract

Bartholin’s gland cysts are one of the common vulval masses that may start as asymptomatic cysts but if left untreated, may become large and infected requiring medical attention. We are presenting two interesting and rare cases of giant Bartholin cyst and their treatment in this case report. Two female patients of perimenopausal age presented with giant vulval cysts to the outpatient department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. They reached a size of 10 cm and 20 cm diameter respectively, presenting with some diagnostic and later reconstruction of the labia majus. MRI pelvis provided good information regarding the size, shape and extent of the cyst, which was very useful during surgery. Both these cases were successfully treated by excision of the cyst and histopathological examination after complete excision. One of the cases presented as dumb-bell shaped swelling with large cyst superiorly and smaller cyst extending into the buttock connected by narrow neck and showed cross fluctuation. This type of dumb-bell shaped presentation of Bartholin’s cyst is rather unusual and has not been reported in the available literature

Keywords: Bartholin cyst, Female reproductive system, Labial cyst, Labial swellings

Case 1

A 68-year-old, postmenopausal woman was referred to plastic surgery department from the department of obstetrics and gynaecology with complaint of swelling in the right labial region present approximately over the last two years. It was small and painless, gradually increasing in size. More rapid increase in size was observed over the last three months.

On clinical examination, there was a solitary swelling situated in the right labium majus extending from the level of pubic bones down to just above the vulval fourchette inferiorly. A swelling of size 10 x 7 x 3 cm was noted, which was a soft but tense swelling with a smooth surface with no tenderness or local warmth. It was subcutaneous, extending deep into tissue planes. Fluctuation was present. Transillumination was negative. No enlargement of regional lymph nodes. A clinical diagnosis of Bartholin gland cyst was made and planned for surgical excision.

Under spinal anaesthesia, with patient in lithotomy position and a urethral foley’s catheter in situ, an elliptical vertical incision was made and the skin flaps were reflected. The large cystic swelling was exposed and separated by blunt and sharp dissection on all sides and completely excised. There was nearly 500 ml of thick straw coloured fluid in the cyst. The resultant defect in the right vulvar region was repaired in two layers.

The excised tissue was sent for histopathological examination. Cut section of the tissue showed uniloculated cyst with a smooth inner surface which was greyish brown in colour. Microscopic examination showed the cyst lined by cuboidal to columnar epithelium and the cyst wall showed chronic inflammatory cell collections. Suggestive of infected Bartholin cyst with haemorrhage.

Postoperative period was uneventful and the patient recovered fast and was discharged on seventh postoperative day after removing the sutures. She was comfortable and doing well when she came for check up after three weeks. There was no report of recurrence over the last five years [].

a) Preoperative; b) Peroperative; c) After excision of the cyst; d) Post-operative.

Case 2

A 42-year-old woman came with chief complaint of large swelling near the introitus on the right side since one and half years which grew suddenly over the last six days to the present size. Patient gave a history of fever five days prior, which was associated with chills and rigors. She was a known diabetic since one year and was on medication. There was no history of any trauma, weight loss or loss of appetite.

On examination, there were two masses one at right labia majora (23 x 11 cm) and one just below it at the right gluteal region (6 x 6 cm). Both the swellings were cystic in consistency with cross fluctuation present between the two. Transillumination was negative and getting above the swelling was absent. Per speculum and bimanual examination were normal [].

a) Preoperative; b) Showing dumb-bell appearance; c) Peroperative; d) Postoperative.

MRI pelvis was done and the report showed evidence of very large thick walled (6 mm) bilobed heterogenous cyst, arising from the right vulval region below the level of pubic symphysis, anterior lobe-14.2 x 10.6 x 13.5 cm; posterior lobe 7.3 x 7.6 x 8.3 cm extending postero-infero-medially upto proximal one third of right thigh [].

a) MRI of the cyst b) MRI showing dumb-bell appearance.

Patient was taken up for surgery. A vertical elliptical incision was made around the base of the cyst 1 inch away from labia and 2 inches away from anal opening. Cyst with false capsule was dissected and separated by blunt and sharp dissection on all sides. The labial cyst was excised and found to be having dark stained thick fluid; the gluteal cyst was also isolated and separated and removed in toto. Levator muscles repaired and skin was closed with 4-0 Prolene []. The excised cyst along with its extension was sent to the department of pathology for histopathological examination.

a) Peroperative image showing cyst separation; b) Gross specimen; c) Photomicrograph (H&E, X 40) cyst lined by squamous epitlelium with inflammatory cells in the wall; d) Postoperative.

On gross examination, larger specimen of size 23 x 11 x 9 cm weighing 1500 gm: wrinkled skin with altered blood with a wall thickness of 1.5 cm; and also a smaller specimen which was a fibrofatty mass partly covered by skin of 9 x 7 x 5 cm.

Microscopic examination showed stratified squamous epithelium with underlying cyst and cyst wall showed extensive denudation of serosa. The wall was thickened and infiltrated by predominantly acute inflammatory cells. Areas of haemorrhage and congested blood vessels were also noted [].

During the postoperative period patient was put on antibiotic coverage and suture removal was done on seventh postoperative day. Wound healed well and was discharged with satisfactory result [].

Discussion

Bartholin’s glands, the female counterpart of the Cowpers glands in the male, are compound racemose glands lined by columnar epithelium. Each gland measures about 0.5 cm, with a 2 cm duct, opening into the vestibule, in the groove between hymen and labia minora at 5’O and 7’O clock position. Their function is to secrete alkaline mucous for lubrication during sexual stimulation [1].

The most common types of Bartholin gland masses are cysts or abscesses [2]. Bartholin gland cysts develop from dilatation of the duct following blockage of the duct opening. An obstructed Bartholin duct can become infected and form an abscess. Abscesses are three times more common than cysts [2,3]. Women in the reproductive age group are likely to develop Bartholin abscess. Abscesses appear most likely in women at risk for sexually transmitted infections [4]. The infection is usually polymicrobial, with bacteroides and Escherichia coli being predominant organisms [5,6].

Bartholin cysts usually do not cause any symptoms, but abscesses can present with severe pain and can cause discomfort, typically during ambulation, sitting or sexual intercourse (dyspareunia). Fever may or may not be an associated feature [7]. On examination it appears as a warm, tender, soft, fluctuant mass in lower medial labia majora and may occasionally be surrounded by erythema and oedema. Large abscesses may expand into the upper labia. Other conditions that may mimic Bartholin’s abscess include hidradenitis suppurativa, lipomas, epidermoid cysts and Skene’s duct cysts [8,9]. The key to identify a Bartholin mass is the anatomic location of the mass [10].

In addition to physical examination, high definition ultrasound and MRI is helpful in aiding a diagnosis [11-13].

The initial treatment is incision and drainage with placement of Word catheter [14]. Immediate pain relief occurs upon drainage of pus. The catheter is left inside for 4-6 weeks for epithelization. Similarly, the Jacobi ring can also be used for drainage and re-epithelization of the cysts. In a randomized study on treatment of Bartholin cysts, outcomes using Jacobi rings and word catheter were comparable, but rings have a greater patient satisfaction. In the same study, 4%-17% presented with recurrence after using catheter insitu, and often there were cases of premature dislodgment of the catheter before the tract is epithelialized [15]. For deep cysts and abscesses, this treatment is not advisable [16]. However, antibiotics are not given routinely, because more than 80% of cultures from Bartholin’s cysts and about 33% of cultures from Bartholin’s abscesses are sterile.

Another common method of treatment for Bartholin glands cysts is marsupialization where a small 1.5 cm to 3 cm incision is given over the cyst allowing drainage of the secretions [17]. But in the presence of an abscess, marsupialization should not be performed. In a randomized prospective study, out of 83 women submitted to marsupialization, the most frequent postoperative symptoms were discharge at the surgical site and labial oedema and also 24.1% presented with recurrence, 68.7% had scar formation [18].

Other methods of treating Bartholin gland cysts or absceses include silver nitrate application, CO₂ laser vaporization, and needle aspiration with or without alcohol sclerotherapy and gland excision.

In randomized prospective study comparing marsupialization and silver nitrate application in management of Bartholin cyst and abscesses, both seem to be equally effective, however, with silver nitrate, complete healing with less scar formation was observed [18].

In a study in 2012 on management of Bartholin cysts with CO₂ laser vapourization, out of 127 patients, only 86.6% cured after a single laser treatment. The mean cyst size in the study was ranging from 1.5 cm to 5.0 cm [19]. However, management of bigger size cysts with CO₂ laser ablation has not been mentioned in literature.

In a systematic review in 2009, authors concluded that all of the available treatments were associated with lesser recurrence rates, faster healing, and few adverse events. However, best treatment approach for these bigger size cysts could not be identified according to the current literature [20].

Although giant Bartholin’s cyst is reported in several case reports, dumb-bell shaped presentation has not been reported in literature. In our cases marsupulization, CO₂ laser ablation, sclerotherapy are not feasible because of the bigger size of the cysts. So we managed the cases with excision and pelvic floor repair with subsequent good outcome in both the cases. Thus, excision of the entire Bartholin gland and duct is the definitive procedure of treatment for these cases.

Conclusion

Though Bartholin’s cyst abscess presents as a vulval mass, a dumb-bell shaped presentation or as a giant cyst, as in our cases are very rare. Management modality of these may be altered from that of a normal presentation according to the amount of discomfort it causes to the patient and size and extent of the mass. Though physical examination and MRI help in making a diagnosis, biopsy is confirmatory. Surgical management with complete cyst excision under antibiotic coverage is the definitive treatment.

Acknowledgments

We sincerely acknowledge the help rendered by the faculty of the radiodiagnosis, anaesthesiology and pathology department of ASRAM Medical College and Hospital for their valuable help extended during the management of these patients.

Notes

Financial or Other Competing Interests

None.

References

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Removal of Vaginal Cysts | All Women’s Care

Vaginal cysts are sac-like lumps that contain fluid, air, or another substance. In most cases, vaginal cysts are painless and harmless. The cysts typically vary in size; some are too small to see while others could be up to the size of an orange. Vaginal cysts could occur due to several factors. Some of the leading causes of cysts are injuries during childbirth, a buildup of fluid in the vagina, and the occurrence of benign tumors in the vagina. If you are uncomfortable with a vaginal cyst or if the cyst keeps returning, you could undergo surgery to have it removed. If you are above the age of 40, it is advisable to have vaginal cysts removed because they could end up being cancerous. All Women’s Care provides cyst removal and gynecological services in Los Angeles.

Types of Vaginal Cysts

The human body is susceptible to the development of bumps and lumps when you least expect it. It is common for people to get lumps and cysts without even knowing the cause of the lumps. Vaginal cysts can occur in different forms. Some of the common types of vaginal cysts are:

Inclusion Cysts

Inclusion cysts are the most common types of vaginal cysts. They are small and can occur at the lower back of your vaginal wall. Due to their small size, it is hard to notice inclusion cysts. The leading causes of inclusion cysts are injuries during childbirth or surgery.

Bartholin’s Glands Cysts

The Bartholin’s glands are located on either side of the vaginal opening.  They are responsible for producing the substance that lubricates the labia (vaginal lips). It is common for obstruction to occur at the opening of these glands, leading to the accumulation of liquid in the vagina. The liquid collection could lead to a swelling known as a Bartholin’s cyst. Usually, the cyst is painless; however, if an infection occurs in the cyst, pus could collect and lead to inflammation of the vaginal tissues commonly known as an abscess.

Many women develop Bartholin’s cysts at some point in their lives. The ideal treatment for the cyst will depend on several factors, including the size of the cyst.  The perfect treatment procedure will also depend on whether the cyst is painful or infected.

Sometimes, you do not have to seek medical treatment for a Bartholin’s cysts because the cyst drains on its own. You might only require some home remedies to handle the cysts.  However, in some other instances, you might need to see a gynecologist for surgical drainage of the vaginal cyst. If a Bartholin’s cyst has an infection, the medical expert could recommend some antibiotics to treat the infected cyst. 

Gartner’s Duct Cysts  

When a baby is born, the ducts in a developing embryo should disappear; however, this is not always the case. Sometimes, the ducts could remain and form vaginal cysts at a later stage in life. 

Müllerian Cysts

Müllerian cysts could occur if some material remains behind as a baby develops. Typically, the cysts occur on the vagina; in most cases, they contain mucus. 

Risk Factors and Causes of Vaginal Cysts

There are many risk factors and causes of vaginal cysts. The cause of a vaginal cyst will depend on the type of cyst. However, the typical causes of cysts are clogging of glands or ducts. Clogging makes liquids and other substances accumulate inside the vaginal tissues and glands, leading to cysts’ formation.  

Vaginal cysts could also occur due to trauma on the vaginal walls. For instance, inclusion cysts occur due to the pressure and the trauma exerted on the vaginal wall during childbirth. You could develop an inclusion cyst if you undergo episiotomy during childbirth. An episiotomy is a surgical cut that doctors make on the vaginal opening to enlarge it and make it easy for the baby to come out. Inclusion cysts could also occur if you undergo a surgery that strains the lining of your vagina.

Blocking of the opening of the Bartholin’s gland is the cause of Bartholin’s gland cysts. The blockage leads to the accumulation of fluid in the gland leading to fluid-filled sac.  A Bartholin cyst could also result from several types of bacteria, including bacteria responsible for causing chlamydia and gonorrhea.  Sometimes, a Bartholin’s abscess could result from bacteria found in the intestinal tract, including the E.coli bacteria. 

Symptoms of Vaginal Cysts

It may be hard to know that you have vaginal cysts because, in most cases, there is no pain in the vaginal cysts. You can tell that you have a small lump along your vaginal lips or your vaginal walls.

In most cases, your gynecologist will notice the vaginal cysts while conducting a routine vaginal examination.  Women should undergo a gynecological exam at least once per year.  During these examinations, your gynecologist can notice any peculiar features on your vaginal wall.

A vaginal cyst could keep growing or remain the same over time.  Even if a vaginal cyst does not cause any pain, it could cause discomfort, especially if the cyst is huge. You could feel uncomfortable while walking with a tampon or when having sex.

An infected cyst is likely to cause some pain and discomfort. A cyst infection could result from the healthy bacteria that thrive on the skin. An infection could also occur due to a sexually transmitted infection. If a vaginal cyst forms an abscess, it could be excruciating. A cyst could also cause discomfort.

If you realize that you have a vaginal cyst, it is essential to have a gynecologist inspect the cyst to ensure that it is not cancerous. You should seek immediate medical attention if a cyst is painful or if it has a sign of infection. A common symptom of infection is the presence of pus and a foul smell.

Treating Vaginal Cysts

In most cases, the treatment of vaginal cysts is not necessary since most cysts remain small and do not pose any challenges. Your doctor might only need to examine and monitor the vaginal cysts during your routine vaginal examinations. You should seek treatment if the cyst makes you feel uncomfortable. A gynecologist can use different treatment methods to treat vaginal cysts. The typical treatment methods are:

Antibiotics Prescription

Your gynecologist could recommend antibiotics to treat a vaginal cyst if it is infected. Antibiotics will also be ideal if you have a sexually transmitted infection. However, if your gynecologist can fully drain the vaginal cyst, antibiotics might not be necessary.  

Sitz Bath

You can relieve the discomfort that comes from vaginal cysts by taking a sitz bath. A sitz bath entails sitting in a bathtub full of warm water several times a day.  You might have to repeat the procedure for 3-4 days. The frequent warm bath could make tiny vaginal cysts burst and drain the contents. When the cysts drain, you might not be required to seek medical attention.

Marsupialization

The marsupialization procedure is ideal for cysts that are bothersome and keep recurring. It entails stitching both sides of a drainage incision. This procedure helps to create permanent drainage, which helps prevent cyst formation. After conducting the process, a gynecologist could place a rubber tube to promote adequate drainage. You might have to remain with the tube for several days after the procedure to ensure that the cysts do not recur. 

Removal of Bartholin’s Cysts

The removal of Bartholin’s cysts is also a possible treatment procedure. However, gynecologists rarely use this form of treatment.

Surgical Drainage

Surgical drainage is vital in cases where you have a sizable vaginal cyst or an infected vaginal cyst. Your gynecologist will use local anesthesia to eliminate pain. The surgical drainage involves making a small incision into the cyst and draining its contents. After draining the cyst, the doctor could place a small rubber tube in the incision to ensure that the cyst drains fully. For complete drainage of the cyst, it might be necessary to remain with the rubber tube for several weeks.

Surgery

Your gynecologist could conduct surgery to remove the entire cyst if the cyst is large and makes you feel uncomfortable.  Surgery could also be a good option for treating vaginal cysts that keep recurring.  For women above the age of 40, it is advisable to remove vaginal cysts because they might end up being cancerous. A cyst is not likely to recur after surgery.

Before the gynecologist decides on the proper treatment method for treating vaginal cysts, you might have to undergo a biopsy to rule out the presence of cancer.  While conducting a biopsy, your healthcare professional will remove a small tissue from the cyst.  He/she will then examine the tissue to determine whether it is cancerous.

Preparing for Surgical Cyst Removal

If you are scheduled for surgical removal of vaginal cysts, you could be wondering about how to prepare in advance.  It is essential to understand what the surgery entails, its benefits, as well as the likely risks. Here is how you should prepare for surgical removal of vaginal cysts:

• Before the surgery, it is crucial to inform your doctor about any medicines you could be taking. For instance, you should ensure that you reveal any form of supplements, vitamins, health products, and herbal remedies. Some medications and supplements could interfere with the way you interact with anesthesia. Some medications could also lead to excessive bleeding during surgery. Therefore, to avoid unexpected risks during surgery, you should reveal all the crucial details to the doctor.

• It is advisable to temporarily stop taking the drugs before the surgery if you are on medications like aspirin or other blood thinners. Ensure that you seek the counsel of the doctor and follow all the necessary instructions. Consuming blood thinners before a vaginal cyst removal surgery could cause excessive bleeding. You might have to stop taking certain medications one week before the surgery.

• Depending on the state of your health, you might have to visit your primary doctor or specialist a few days before the surgery. Your doctor will examine and determine whether you are fit to undergo vaginal surgery to remove vaginal cysts.

• It is also advisable to stop smoking some weeks before undergoing vaginal surgery. Smokers could have a hard time breathing during surgery. Smokers might also take longer to recover from vaginal surgery. It is advisable to stop smoking 6-8 weeks before undergoing surgery. In case you are unable to smoke before undergoing surgery, you could rely on a nicotine patch while at the hospital.

• Some people may require bowel prep before undergoing vaginal surgery. Your gynecologist will decide whether you need bowel prep during your preoperative The role of bowel prep is to clean your bowel, and the procedure is often completed on the night before the surgery.

On the Day of Surgery

Surgery can be a stressful experience. However, you can enjoy some calm by preparing in advance and knowing what to expect.  On the day of surgery, you might have to avoid eating; however, this will depend on your gynecologist’s instructions. If the doctor advises you to avoid eating or drinking on the actual day of surgery, ensure that you adhere to the instructions. Failing to follow instructions could lead to postponement of the surgery. If you have to take some medication on the day of surgery, you could take them with a sip of water. 

Ensure that you take a thorough shower before you go in for surgery. However, it is essential to ensure that you do not apply lotions, deodorants, or perfumes, especially at the surgical site. Although you might feel tempted, you should avoid shaving the surgical site on your own and let your gynecologist handle everything.

You should take out all jewelry; you might even have to take out your contact lenses if you have them. Before conducting the surgery, your gynecologist will mark the surgery area carefully to avoid making any errors. You do not have to fear because your doctor will ensure that you are comfortable during the surgery. Your anesthesia provider could make you sleep or only numb the surgical site.

The doctor could place compression stockings on your legs during the vaginal surgery. The role of the stockings is to prevent the formation of blood clots in your legs during surgery. The stockings could remain on your legs until you can start walking. If you are prone to blood clotting, the doctor could give you a thinning blood medication to prevent blood clots during surgery.

Before the start of the surgery, the doctor might insert a tube into your bladder. The role of the tube is to monitor the amount of urine coming out during the operation. However, soon after the operation, the tube will be removed.

The Risks of Vaginal Cysts Removal Surgery

You do not have to worry about the risks of vaginal cysts removal because doctors work hard to ensure that all goes well. However, even with proper planning, problems can still occur. Some of the risks that you could face while undergoing vaginal surgery are: 

Excessive Bleeding

You could face the risk of excessive bleeding while undergoing vaginal surgery. If this problem occurs, you could receive a blood transfusion to raise the amount of blood in your body. Some patients could have some reservations regarding blood transfusion, usually for religious or personal reasons. If you are not comfortable with a blood transfusion, you should inform your doctor before the surgery.

Bladder or Ureter Damage

During a vaginal cyst removal surgery, the organs situated close to the vagina could be at risk of damage. These organs include the bladder, the ureters, the bowel, and the uterus. However, damage to these organs during vaginal surgery is rare and occurs in less than 1% of the cases.  If there is damage to any of these organs while you are in surgery, the doctors will correct the damage while you are still in surgery.

Death

In all types of surgery, there is a risk of death. However, some surgeries have a higher risk of death than others. The risk of dying in vaginal surgery is minimal. 

After the Surgery

The length of the surgery could vary from one person to the other. You should be able to go home 1 to 6 hours after the surgery. You will probably need several weeks to recover. After undergoing surgery, you might have to abstain from having sex for a minimum of two weeks or until your vulva heals fully. 

After surgery to remove vaginal cysts, the pain and the discomfort resulting from the cysts should go. However, some women require undergoing several surgeries before they fully get rid of vaginal cysts. 

After undergoing surgery, follow up is crucial to ensure that you are the right recovery track. If you have followed up appointments with your gynecologist, you should ensure that you honor the appointments. You should never miss a follow-up appointment just because you feel healed.  If you experience any problems during the recovery period, ensure that you get in touch with your gynecologist.

When leaving the gynecologist’s clinic to your home, you should ensure that you have someone to drive you. Due to the anesthesia and the pain medication, you are likely to feel drowsy. Therefore, it would not be safe for you to drive. 

Your medical expert could give you some additional instructions to follow as you recover from a vaginal removal surgery.  For instance, you might have to adhere to a certain diet. You might also have to avoid certain activities before you get back to your normal routine. 

Possible Risks After Surgery

After undergoing vaginal surgery to remove vaginal cysts, most patients go home on the same day. However, patients could still be at risk days or weeks after surgery. It is important for a patient to be alert and to look out warning signs after surgery.

A blood clot in the legs or another place like the lungs is a possible risk after undergoing vaginal surgery. Some indicators of this complication include shortness of breath, chest pains, and leg pain and swelling. If you notice these symptoms days or even weeks after undergoing surgery, you should contact your doctor immediately.

Infection is also a possible risk after undergoing vaginal surgery to remove cysts. You could tell that you have an infection if you experience stinging and pain while passing urine. If you experience a persistent urge to pass urine, it could be a sign of a urinary tract infection. Other signs of infection include pain, swelling, redness, and fever. If you experience any of the mentioned signs, you should contact your doctor immediately. 

You could also have scar tissue at the surgical site. Usually, scar tissue is thicker than the surrounding skin. In the first few days or weeks after undergoing vaginal surgery, you could experience pain and discomfort at the scar tissue. 

You might also be at risk of recurrence of vaginal cysts even after undergoing a vaginal surgery. Some women are only able to get rid of vaginal cysts and to prevent them from occurring after undergoing several surgeries. 

While at home after surgery, you should call your doctor if you develop a high fever that exceeds 100.4°F (38°C). You should also seek immediate medical attention if you start experiencing heavy bleeding. You can tell that you have heavy bleeding if you soak a pad in one hour or less. If you experience heavy vaginal discharge with a foul odor, you should seek immediate treatment.

Other warning signs could include developing a rash, nausea and breathing, and severe pain in the pelvic area, which does not end despite taking medication. 

Find an Experienced Gynecologist Near Me

If you are suffering from vaginal cysts that make you feel uncomfortable, you could consider the removal of vaginal cysts.  Your gynecologist could recommend other methods of getting rid of the cysts. However, if the cysts are large, persistent, and keep recurring, surgery could be the best option. For the best vaginal surgery services in Los Angeles, contact All Women’s Care at 213-250-9461 and speak to a medical expert.

Vaginal cysts | UF Health, University of Florida Health

Definition

A cyst is a closed pocket or pouch of tissue. It can be filled with air, fluid, pus, or other material. A vaginal cyst occurs on or under the lining of the vagina.

Alternative Names

Inclusion cyst; Gartner duct cyst

Causes

There are several types of vaginal cysts.

• Vaginal inclusion cysts are the most common. These may form due to injury to the vaginal walls during birth process or after surgery.
• Gartner duct cysts develop on the side walls of the vagina. Gartner duct is present while a baby is developing in the womb. However, this most often disappears after birth. If parts of the duct remain, they may collect fluid and develop into a vaginal wall cyst later in life.
• Bartholin cyst or abscess forms when fluid or pus builds up and forms a lump in one of the Bartholin glands. These glands are found on each side of the vaginal opening.
• Endometriosis may appear as small cysts in the vagina. This is uncommon.
• Benign tumors of the vagina are uncommon. They are most often composed of cysts.
• Cystoceles and rectoceles are bulges in the vaginal wall from the underlying bladder or rectum. This happens when the muscles surrounding the vagina become weak, most commonly due to childbirth. These are not really cysts, but can look and feel like cystic masses in the vagina.

Symptoms

Most vaginal cysts usually do not cause symptoms. In some cases, a soft lump can be felt in the vaginal wall or protruding from the vagina. Cysts range in size from the size of a pea to that of an orange.

However, Bartholin cysts can become infected, swollen and painful.

Some women with vaginal cysts may have discomfort during sex or trouble inserting a tampon.

Women with cystoceles or rectoceles may feel a protruding bulge, pelvic pressure or have difficulty with urination or defecation.

Exams and Tests

Physical exam is essential to determine what type of cyst or mass you may have.

A mass or bulge of the vaginal wall may be seen during a pelvic exam. You may need a biopsy to rule out vaginal cancer, especially if the mass appears to be solid.

If the cyst is located under the bladder or urethra, x-rays may be needed to see if the cyst extends into these organs.

Treatment

Routine exams to check the size of the cyst and look for any changes may be the only treatment needed.

Biopsies or minor surgeries to remove the cysts or drain them are typically simple to perform and resolve the issue.

Bartholin gland cysts often need to be drained. Sometimes, antibiotics are prescribed to treat them as well.

Outlook (Prognosis)

Most of the time, the outcome is good. Cysts often remain small and do not need treatment. When surgically removed, the cysts most often do not return.

Bartholin cysts can sometimes recur and need ongoing treatment.

Possible Complications

In most cases, there are no complications from the cysts themselves. A surgical removal carries a small risk for complication. The risk depends on where the cyst is located.

When to Contact a Medical Professional

Call your health care provider if a lump is felt inside the vagina or is protruding from the vagina. It is important to contact your provider for an exam for any cyst or mass you notice.

Images

References

Baggish MS. Benign lesions of the vaginal wall. In: Baggish MS, Karram MM, eds. Atlas of Pelvic Anatomy and Gynecologic Surgery. 4th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016:chap 61.

Dolan MS, Hill C, Valea FA. Benign gynecologic lesions: vulva, vagina, cervix, uterus, oviduct, ovary, ultrasound imaging of pelvic structures. In: Lobo RA, Gershenson DM, Lentz GM, Valea FA, eds. Comprehensive Gynecology. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017:chap 18.

Rovner ES. Bladder and female urethral diverticula. In: Wein AJ, Kavoussi LR, Partin AW, Peters CA, eds. Campbell-Walsh Urology. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016:chap 90.

Signs and Symptoms of Vulvar Cancers and Pre-Cancers

Symptoms depend on whether it is a cancer or pre-cancer and what kind of vulvar cancer it is.

Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia

Most women with vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN) have no symptoms at all. When a woman with VIN does have a symptom, it is most often itching that does not go away or get better. An area of VIN may look different from normal vulvar skin. It is often thicker and lighter than the normal skin around it. However, an area of VIN can also appear red, pink, or darker than the surrounding skin.

Because these changes are often caused by other conditions that are not pre-cancerous, some women don’t realize that they might have a serious condition. Some try to treat the problem themselves with over-the-counter remedies. Sometimes doctors might not even recognize the condition at first.

Invasive squamous cell cancer of the vulva

Almost all women with invasive vulvar cancers will have symptoms. These can include:

• An area on the vulva that looks different from normal – it could be lighter or darker than the normal skin around it, or look red or pink.
• A bump or lump, which could be red, pink, or white and could have a wart-like or raw surface or feel rough or thick
• Thickening of the skin of the vulva
• Itching
• Pain or burning
• Bleeding or discharge not related to the normal menstrual period
• An open sore (especially if it lasts for a month or more)

Verrucous carcinoma, a subtype of invasive squamous cell vulvar cancer, looks like cauliflower-like growths similar to genital warts.

These symptoms are more often caused by other, non-cancerous conditions. Still, if you have these symptoms, you should have them checked by a doctor or nurse.

Vulvar melanoma

Patients with vulvar melanoma can have many of the same symptoms as other vulvar cancers, such as:

• A lump
• Itching
• Pain
• Bleeding or discharge

Most vulvar melanomas are black or dark brown, but they can be white, pink, red, or other colors. They can be found throughout the vulva, but most are in the area around the clitoris or on the labia majora or minora.

Vulvar melanomas can sometimes start in a mole, so a change in a mole that has been present for years can also indicate melanoma. The ABCDE rule can be used to help tell a normal mole from one that could be melanoma.

Asymmetry: One-half of the mole does not match the other.

Border irregularity: The edges of the mole are ragged or notched.

Color: The color over the mole is not the same. There may be differing shades of tan, brown, or black and sometimes patches of red, blue, or white.

Diameter: The mole is wider than 6 mm (about 1/4 inch).

Evolving: The mole is changing in size, shape, or color.

The most important sign of melanoma is a change in size, shape, or color of a mole. Still, not all melanomas fit the ABCDE rule.

If you have a mole that has changed, ask your doctor to check it out.

Bartholin gland cancer

A distinct mass (lump) on either side of the opening to the vagina can be the sign of a Bartholin gland carcinoma. More often, however, a lump in this area is from a Bartholin gland cyst, which is much more common (and is not a cancer).

Paget disease

Soreness and a red, scaly area are symptoms of Paget disease of the vulva.

A Simple Guide To Vaginal Cysts

Let’s face it, nobody likes talking about vaginal cysts! But in our ongoing mission to help keep your vagina happy and healthy, this is another important topic to cover so you can recognise the signs and feel empowered to take charge of your own vaginal health. Let’s dig in and find out all there is to know. Fun!

So…what are vaginal cysts?

Cysts can develop anywhere on the body. They’re basically lumps filled with either air, fluid, pus or other substances, and they vary in size – some are teeny tiny, and others (very rarely) grow to the size of an orange. They are not usually harmful or painful, though when they develop in awkward areas of the body they can be very uncomfortable, which brings us to…vaginal cysts.

These troublesome little scoundrels can show up on or under the vaginal lining, and are categorised into several types, the most common being:

Vaginal Inclusion Cysts – caused by an injury to the vaginal wall, sometimes appearing after childbirth or surgery

Gartner’s Duct Cysts – this duct is described as a “remnant organ” found in the pelvis after fetal development, and can occasionally fill with fluid and turn into a cyst

Bartholin’s Cyst – found on the labia near the vaginal opening, the Bartholin’s gland can become overgrown by a flap of skin, causing fluid to back up and form a cyst. In rare situations infections can also develop within these cysts leading to a Bartholin’s abscess.

Müllerian Cysts – You may never have heard of these, but they are actually one of the commonest causes of cysts in the vagina! They arise from a duct left behind when you were developing from a little tiny fetus, although you may not notice them until you are in your 20-30s when they can become more troublesome!

Are vaginal cysts dangerous?

Cysts aren’t usually dangerous, however it’s always best to get anything abnormal checked out to make sure it’s not a benign tumour or something else. If your cysts are particularly painful or uncomfortable, speak to your GP so they can prescribe the appropriate treatment, such as antibiotics if the cyst has become infected.

What causes vaginal cysts?

There are a number of causes of vaginal cysts, such as the aforementioned injury to the vaginal wall, skin tears during childbirth (like an episiotomy), a surgical procedure, a buildup of fluid in a gland, and more. They can develop at any age, but Bartholin’s Cysts are typically found in women in their 20s and 30s.

What are the symptoms?

Vaginal cysts  are usually relatively painless and don’t cause any other symptoms, however you may experience discomfort during sex or when inserting a tampon, though some women feel no pain or discomfort at all – you may not even know it’s there!

However, cysts can grow in size which eventually leads to pain, irritation, itching, and increased risk of infection, so it is important to keep an eye on symptoms. Vaginal cysts can become infected due to other bacteria or even STIs aggravating them.

In extreme cases, they can lead to an abscess forming, which will need to be drained in order to heal.

When should you see a doctor?

You shouldn’t be suffering needlessly due to a vaginal cyst, as the treatment is often very simple. If you are experiencing any pain or discomfort, or you notice a lump or bulging that remains after 2 or 3 days, see your GP so they can check it over. You should also promptly call a doctor if you are over the age of 40 and notice a lump. Though lumps are common, it’s best to check they are not a sign of something more serious because in rare situations lumps can be a sign of vulval cancer.

How are vaginal cysts diagnosed?

Oftentimes vaginal cysts are discovered by a doctor or nurse during a routine exam, such as a smear test, but if you have signs of a cyst you can ask to see your GP to confirm. It can be embarrassing going to the doctor knowing that you’ll probably have to get your lady bits out, but try not to worry – it’s all very normal! 

The doctor may review your medical history, ask about symptoms, and potentially carry out a test for STIs, in order to gauge the best treatment. In rare cases, they may carry out a biopsy to rule out anything more serious, or a scan or ultrasound to get a clearer view of the cyst and any problems it’s causing.

What about treatment?

Vaginal cysts can clear up on their own, however if a cyst remains for a prolonged period of time or becomes infected, they are still easily treatable through a variety of methods, including:

• Antibiotics – used when a vaginal cyst is infected, or if an abscess is present
• Sitz baths – any excuse for a bath! A Sitz bath simply means soaking in warm water several times a day for 3 to 4 days, in order to encourage an infected cyst to burst and drain on its own
• Surgical drainage – for infected or large cysts that pose a problem, surgery using local anaesthetic or sedation may be required
• Marsupialization and Word Catheters – these sound rather exciting, and in fact they are  effective treatments for recurring or troublesome cysts that have been drained. They involve a doctor placing stitches around the site of a Bartholins cyst to keep it open, while a rubber tube allows the drainage to continue for longer
• Gland removal – a rare treatment for some cases of Bartholin’s Cysts

Have you ever experienced a vaginal cyst? We’d love to know what treatment worked for you, and what self-care methods you used to relieve any discomfort. We’d love to know how it worked for you. Shout out in our private Facebook group or drop us a note on Insta @itsyoppie. Don’t forget that our personalised period box can get organic tampons, PMS supplements and more delivered easily and regularly through your letterbox, which is a whole lot less pain to worry about each month.

90,000 Vaginal Cyst: Symptoms, Treatment and Prevention

Vaginal cyst is considered as a variant of retention tumor formation of the vaginal wall, which is not capable of proliferative growth. The sizes of the cysts are observed from one to ten centimeters. The vaginal cyst increases in size, as fluid accumulates in its contents.

In 99% of cases, a cyst is the result of a congenital formation. In particular, the cyst has a round or ovoid shape, soft or tight-elastic consistency.The contents of the cyst are transparent serous or mucous secretions. With inflammation, the color changes to yellow or dark brown. The definition of this information can be obtained after histological examination.

Symptoms of the onset of the disease

To recognize this disease, you need to know the symptoms that indicate the problem.

• Most often, a woman may feel discomfort, soreness during intercourse, a sensation of a foreign body in the perineum when walking, a violation of urination, which may indicate an increase in the size of the cyst formed.

• Fever, purulent discharge, a sharp deterioration in health – signs of the inflammatory process of the cyst.

Classification of the disease

• congenital,

• acquired (traumatic),

• implantation,

• retention.

Acquired or congenital (Bartholin’s gland cyst and Gartner’s course cyst) occur on the anterior vaginal wall, or on the posterior vaginal wall (acquired).

Causes of the onset of the disease

• Bartholin’s gland cyst occurs through blockage or stenosis of the excretory duct of the gland, as a result of which the outflow of secretion is disturbed.

• a cyst occurs due to a chronic inflammatory process of the gland, in particular its ducts, which occurs with infections of the genital tract, or lack of hygiene.

Ways of infection

• unprotected sexual intercourse,

• poor hygiene,

• presence of skin injuries.

Methods for diagnosing a disease

• in addition to ultrasound examination of the pelvic organs, it is necessary to visit a gynecologist followed by a gynecological examination, once a year to carry out a colposcopy.

• It is necessary to take smears from the genital tract for bacteriological and microscopic examination.

• in addition to a gynecologist, diagnostics should be carried out by a urologist and a proctologist to differentiate the disease.

Methods of disease treatment

• surgical;

• dynamic observation by a doctor.

If the vaginal cyst is small in size, without complications, then follow-up is recommended. Surgical treatment is prescribed with an increase, symptoms of intoxication. In the first place – puncture aspiration of the contents of the cyst, it is performed if the woman is pregnant.

Removal of a vaginal cyst can be carried out using marsupialization, this is a method of dissection, emptying the cyst with suturing its walls from the mucous membrane.

Complications of the disease

Since the radical method of treatment is the exfoliation of the vaginal cyst, the consequences of incomplete exfoliation are the re-formation of the cyst.

Methods of disease prevention

Prevention of cysts consists in observing the rules of intimate hygiene, visiting a gynecologist (twice a year), and also being careful in choosing a doctor, because careful performance of gynecological manipulations and proper management of childbirth is a guarantee of health!

The operation in Kiev is carried out by a convenient method, doctors select the best method for removing a vaginal cyst, taking into account the type, accessibility and condition of the woman.Having entered the clinic, only experienced specialists, middle and junior medical personnel will be concerned about your health. Be healthy!

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90,000 Vaginal cyst removal, prices for vaginal cyst removal surgery

Indications and contraindications for cyst removal

The main indications for surgical removal of the neoplasm include:

• increase in the size of the neoplasm up to 30 mm and more;
• suppuration of contents;
• infection of cystic formation;
• pain during intercourse;
• Sensation of a foreign body in the vagina.

Removal of a vaginal cyst is not performed in case of acute infectious diseases and the presence of an inflammatory process in the reproductive system. In this case, before the operation, it will be necessary to cure the existing pathologies.

Methods for removing vaginal cysts

The doctor chooses the optimal method taking into account the size of the vaginal cyst, its location and the volume of the contents filling it.

Puncture aspiration. This method involves sucking the contents out of the neoplasm.This method of treatment is characterized by low trauma, but it gives a short-term effect, since over time, fluid again accumulates in the vaginal cyst. Puncture aspiration is used mainly in pregnant women: more traumatic methods are not suitable for them.

Marsupialization. Such an operation to remove a vaginal cyst involves dissecting the neoplasm, emptying it and suturing the tumor walls to the mucous membrane. The method is considered gentle and avoids significant trauma to the genitals.

Radical removal. During the operation, the mucous wall is cut with a longitudinal incision, the contents of the neoplasm are exfoliated and then catgut sutures are applied. If necessary, access is through the anterior abdominal wall. This method is used for deep-seated and congenital cysts.

Recovery after procedure

In most cases, long-term rehabilitation is not required after surgery. Until the tissues are completely healed, follow:

• to observe sexual rest;
• do not take a hot bath;
• stop using tampons;
• Avoid strenuous physical activity.

Otherwise, you can lead a normal life. The attending physician will tell you in detail about the features of the rehabilitation period.

Our offer

Medical clinics IMMA offer a wide range of services for the diagnosis and treatment of gynecological diseases. Our experts will help you identify the cause of the symptoms that bother you and, if necessary, will remove the vaginal cyst. The operation is usually performed on an outpatient basis and does not take long. If you want to consult on reproductive health issues, choose a branch in Moscow convenient for you and make an appointment with a gynecologist.You can clarify the prices for medical services by calling the contact number of the single call center.

Bartholin gland cyst | Private clinic “Medic” Cheboksary

Definition of the disease. Causes of the disease

The cyst of the Bartholin gland is a benign rounded cavity (saccular formation with thin walls and the presence of a secret of different consistency inside) formation in the region of the lower third of the vestibule of the vagina as a result of a violation of the outflow of secretion from the cavity and its accumulation in it.The cyst cavity stretched with a secret can have various sizes, reaching 7-9 cm in diameter.

Cysts of the Bartholin gland are observed mainly at the age of up to 30 years (hormonally active reproductive age) and account for 2% of all diseases of the female genital organs with actively functioning and hormonally dependent Bartholin glands.

Before we move on to the mechanism of development of this pathology, we will consider the normal anatomy and physiology of the Bartholin glands.

Bartholin glands or large vestibular glands are located on both sides of the vestibule vestibule, in its lower third in the thickness of the labia majora. They are a paired organ. They got their name in honor of the Danish anatomist Kaspar Bartholin Jr. who discovered them. Their size is about 1.5-2 cm, the excretory duct of the Bartholin gland, 1.5-2.5 cm long, opens on the inner surface of the labia minora at the border of its middle and posterior third. In some cases, their atypical location occurs, for example, in the thickness of the labia minora [13]

The function of the Bartholin glands – moisturizing the mucous membrane of the vulva, during arousal during sexual intercourse, which prevents its dryness and soreness during intercourse.Due to the presence of mucin in the composition of the secret, it has a bactericidal effect.

The main causes of this disease are frequent inflammatory processes in the genital area caused by specific and nonspecific microflora, such as staphylococci, streptococci, Escherichia coli, and the causative agents of sexually transmitted infections – gonococci, chlamydia, etc. diseases of the upper respiratory tract – Streptococcus pneumoniae and influenza sticks [2]

Tears of the soft tissues of the perineum during childbirth and trauma, surgical manipulations on the external genital organs (episiotomy – incision of the soft tissues of the genital fissure in childbirth to prevent their rupture in an unfavorable place, followed by the imposition of raffia sutures, surgical perineoplasty – surgical plastic surgery of the soft tissues of the perineum, surgical labioplasty – surgical plastic of the labia in the form of reducing their size).

More often in crops of the secretion of cysts of the Bartholin gland – the growth of diagnostically significant flora was not found. The causative agents of inflammation of the Bartholin gland cyst and the transition to an abscess (above we were talking about the microflora leading to the causes of inflammation leading to the appearance of the cyst) can be and representatives of the normal microflora of the female genital organs, such as staphylococci, streptococci, Escherichia coli, and causative agents of sexually transmitted infections – gonococci, chlamydia, etc.Increasingly, microorganisms are isolated that cause diseases of the upper respiratory tract – streptococci pneumonia and influenza sticks [2]

Often cysts may be preceded by acute bartholinitis – inflammation of the Bartholin gland without blockage of the duct (cysts in this case develop both after treatment after a while, and during the absence thereof.

Symptoms

Bartholin gland cysts are common problems in women of reproductive age.Most often, women complain about aesthetic moments – the asymmetry of the labia, swelling on one side of the labia majora. Cysts are usually asymptomatic and can be detected by a gynecologist during a routine examination. But in some cases (hypothermia, acute or subacute inflammatory process of the respiratory tract, acute or subacute inflammatory diseases of the genital tract, pelvic organs), they can increase and cause significant pain. Women with larger cysts may experience discomfort when walking, sitting and having sex.If the Bartholin gland functions on the other hand, the vaginal moisture during intercourse does not change. From the side of blockage and the presence of a cyst, the Bartholin gland cannot fully function. [2] . [1]

Pathogenesis

The resulting inflammation of the surrounding tissues occurs in 3 stages:

1 stage – Alteration – damage to cells and tissues both by the microbes themselves and by enzymes produced during the destruction of cells, which change the structure and disrupt the normal metabolism of the connective tissue and blood vessels surrounding the focus of inflammation, resulting in the process 2 stages – Exudation there is a release of fluid and blood cells from the vessels into the tissue, edema occurs.

3 stages – Proliferation (or productive stage) does not occur, since damaging factors continue to act and therefore the resulting edema, thickening of the walls, narrowing of the lumen of the canal, thickening of the secretion, resulting in a blockage of the duct), The secretion of the Bartholin gland produced, accumulating , thickening, leads to the formation of a cystic cavity formation, which gradually increases in size. Local defenses cannot cope due to concomitant diseases, a decrease in general immunity and the aggressiveness of the flora causing inflammation.Reaching a size of 4 or more centimeters, squeezing the surrounding tissues, it causes pain in a woman and can, turning into an inflammatory process, cause an abscess of the Bartholin gland [2] [3] [4]

The causes and mechanism of development of the Bartholin gland abscess are described below, in the “Complication” section.

Classification

By ICD code – 10 – N75.0 Bartholin gland cyst

By localization, cysts can be:
– unilateral;
– double-sided [1] [2]

This disease no longer has any other classification options, even unofficial ones.

Complications

1) Chronic bartholinitis – chronic, more than 3 months, inflammation of the gland of the vestibule.

In this case, the formation in the area of ​​the labia majora, accompanied by pain on palpation of the affected gland, redness, tissue edema, may be both a complication and the primary cause of the cyst of the Bartholin gland. Treatment is aimed at destroying the causative agent of the disease and relieving symptoms of intoxication.

2) Bartholin gland abscess [1]

Under unfavorable conditions (secondary infection (migration of bacteria from nearby areas (genital tract, cervical canal, uterine cavity, urinary system or separated foci – oropharynx, respiratory tract), weakening of immunity), cyst suppuration occurs with the development of an abscess of the Bartholin gland.

There is a body temperature, intoxication, a sharp deterioration in health. Locally, there is an increase in the size of the formation from 10 to 12 cm, a feeling of bursting and a sharp pulsating pain in the perineum. Any movement can make the pain worse.

On palpation – fluctuation, increased skin temperature.

An abscess of the Bartholin gland can open spontaneously with the release of pus. Since abscess formation of the Bartholin gland cyst is often associated with genital infections, there may be clinical symptoms of colpitis, urethritis, endocervicitis, the main symptoms of which are edema and hyperemia of the mucous membrane, itching, leucorrhoea

Method of treatment – planned or emergency hospitalization, during which – an autopsy is performed with subsequent drainage of the abscess, anti-inflammatory (broad-spectrum antibiotics), detoxification therapy.

3) Cyst recurrence occurs quite often in situations such as self-opening, surgical opening or puncture of the cyst.

1. Rectovaginal fistula as a complication of excision of the Bartholin gland. This is a pathological canal between the rectum and the vagina as a result of ongoing inflammation and fusion of the surrounding tissue.

Rectovaginal fistula may occur after removal of the Bartholin gland. Case [12] illustrates a rare and serious complication of a commonly performed gynecological procedure

Complaints in patients can be – pain in the perineal area, pain during intercourse, bowel movement.To establish and confirm the diagnosis, after taking anamnesis, carrying out a gynecological and rectovaginal examination, additional examinations, consulting a proctologist. The tissue defect is eliminated using an autograft, a biological collagen plug, and a titanium clip. If a fistula is detected during pregnancy, natural childbirth is prohibited. With adequate treatment, the prognosis is good.

2. Sepsis – a systemic inflammatory reaction in response to a local inflammatory process in the area of ​​the Bartholin gland cyst.The response to the release of toxins formed during the destruction of harmful microorganisms in the absence of appropriate therapy is accompanied by a failure syndrome on the part of many organs and systems, which can lead to death.

Diagnostics

The diagnosis of a cyst of the Bartholin gland (including with an asymptomatic course) is more often made on the basis of an objective examination: asymmetry of the genital gap, an increase in the volume of one or less often of two labia majora. If the cyst of the Bartholin gland is not inflamed, the skin over it retains its normal color.On palpation, the gynecologist determines in the thickness of the labia majora a slightly painful cystic formation of an elastic consistency.

Laboratory tests: nonspecific [3] (in blood and urine tests, if the cyst is uncomplicated by inflammation, there will be no changes

Instrumental studies: ultrasound of the external genital area is determined anechoic or hypoechoic avascular (non-reflecting or poorly reflecting ultrasound, on the screen we see a rounded formation with thin – light walls and absolutely dark or with a light suspension of contents) formation with thin walls

List of basic diagnostic measures at the outpatient stage:

1.General blood analysis;

2. General analysis of urine;

These blood and urine tests are taken within the framework of the standard, to prepare for surgical treatment and to exclude concomitant pathology from other organs with their subsequent correction)

3. Smear for microflora and degree of purity.

This is an examination method in which the test material is taken from the surface of the vaginal mucosa, cervical canal and urethra. The purpose of the analysis is to assess the composition of microflora and identify inflammatory diseases.The assessment of the standing of the natural flora has four degrees of vaginal cleanliness in its classification:

1 degree – in the smear epithelial cells and a normal number of lactobacilli, pH – acidic;

2 degree – a small number of leukocytes, fewer lactobacilli, gram-positive diplococci are present. pH – remains acidic;

3 degree – increased number of epithelial cells and leukocytes, decreased lactobacilli, many coccal bacteria, pH – slightly acidic or alkaline;

4 degree – a large number of epithelium and leukocytes, pyogenic microorganisms, the absence of lactobacilli, pH – alkaline.

4. Bacterioscopic examination of the vaginal discharge and the contents of the cyst – allows you to identify the microbial agents that caused the cyst of the Bartholin gland: identification of the pathogen, sensitivity to antibiotics.

5. Examination for infections (ELISA, PCR) gonorrhea, trichomoniasis, chlamydia. [3]

Required scope of examinations before hospitalization:

1. Blood for antibodies to pale treponema (this is the detection of total antibodies of class M and G to the causative agent of syphilis) – a necessary analysis before hospitalization and surgery !!

2.Blood group and Rh factor.

3. Complete blood count.

4. General analysis of urine.

5. Smear for the degree of purity.

6. Bacterial culture from the cervical canal.

7. HbsAg – surface antigen of the hepatitis B virus – to detect hepatitis B by its presence and establish its concentration, the necessary analysis before hospitalization and surgery !!

8. Anti HCV.

In women during menopause or perimenopause, excisional biopsy is indicated to exclude adenocarcinoma, since at this age the greatest risk of developing malignant tumors

Differential diagnosis

Includes cystic and solid lesions of the vulva such as epidermal inclusion cyst, hidradenoma papilliferum and lipoma [3], vulvar neoplasms; – Bartholin gland abscess; – bartholinitis; abscess of the vulva.

– Hematoma in the vulva area – while there may also be complaints of education in the vulva area, discomfort during sexual intercourse, pain. But when taking anamnesis; and a gynecological examination – a woman associates its appearance with mechanical trauma, childbirth; And the location is not in the projection area of ​​the large gland of the vestibule. [1]

– Paraurethral cysts – similar complaints. On examination – swelling in the paraurethral region (the area near the urethra) [1]

– Furunculosis of the labia majora. Complaints about formations in the perineal region, general malaise, hyperemia, edema, hyperthermia. On examination, the formation is localized in the area of ​​the hair follicle, the sebaceous gland. [1]

Treatment

Small, asymptomatic cysts can be left untreated except for cosmetic reasons.

It is often tempting for the clinician to simply cut open the cyst or abscess because this method can be effective for other common abscesses. However, a simple puncture of a cyst or abscess of the Bartholin gland can lead to a relapse, since the edges of the tissues close up very quickly during puncture or incision due to the rapid healing or regeneration process [6]

Only large cysts, usually 3 or more centimeters, are subject to surgical treatment, which interfere with daily activity and sexual activity, violate the aesthetic appearance of the external genital organs of a woman.

The main task of surgical treatment is organ-preserving – the formation of a canal and restoration of the function of the Bartholin gland ,

Types of surgical treatment

Catheter insertion – Word

This is a modern method of surgical treatment for Bartholin’s gland cyst, especially in case of its recurrence.

Under local anesthesia, the cystic area is opened with a small incision of about 5 mm, the contents are removed and sent for bacteriological examination, the cyst cavity is washed and a Word catheter is installed in it (this is a 55 mm long silicone tube, 5 mm in diameter with a channel inside, blindly ending, with more thin walls at the end, due to which the tip can inflate into a ball, which has no analogues), inflating its rubber tip to 3 ml with saline 0.9% sodium chloride, thereby fixing it in the cyst cavity.For better fixation and prevention of prolapse during the movements of a woman, it is recommended to apply 2-3 absorbable interrupted sutures along the contour of the catheter emerging from the cyst cavity. The other end of the catheter is inserted into the vagina. The catheter remains in the cyst cavity for 6 weeks. This is aimed at forming a channel for the passage of secretions, the walls of which do not grow together. Research shows that the Word catheter is an easy-to-use, inexpensive outpatient procedure with acceptable short-term relapses.Treatment costs are seven times lower than with marsupialization [7]. While the catheter is in the cyst cavity, the patient is advised to be in sexual rest in order to avoid its prolapse. In a number of countries, there is no such restriction, since studies have shown that the pain symptom caused both by the cyst itself and by the procedure performed with the catheter in the cavity over time (by the 6th day) completely disappears [8]

As an alternative, a catheter Voroda or Jacobi ring is used (the catheter does not have a channel, it is more solid, in the form of a ring) which is installed through 2 punctures in the mucous membrane and the cyst capsule and the 2 ends are fastened to each other.

Bartholin gland cyst removal – Paracelsus Medical Center

Cyst of the Bartholin gland.

Bartholin glands are located at the entrance to the vagina in women, one on each side. They are small, and normally they are not noticeable, they are not felt in any way. The function of the Bartholin glands is to release fluid to the mucous membranes, the inner surfaces of the labia minora.

Bartholin gland cyst develops when the exit channel in the gland is blocked.This usually only happens to one of the two glands. The liquid that is produced in the gland begins to accumulate inside. As a result, the gland enlarges and forms cysts. If the cyst becomes infected, an abscess occurs.

Bartholin gland cyst symptoms.

A cyst of the Bartholin gland causes swelling of the labia on one side, near the entrance to the vagina.

By itself, a cyst usually does not cause severe pain. And if such pain appears, this may indicate the development of an abscess.

Diagnostics of the cyst of the Bartholin gland. In our MC Paracelsus, in one day you can undergo all the necessary examinations to make this diagnosis and prepare for surgical treatment!

In order to diagnose a Bartholin gland cyst, a medical examination is required. To prepare for surgical treatment, a number of examinations will be required. Surgery examination and validity of examination results: colposcopy-12 months

Ultrasound of the pelvic organs – 3 months

Ultrasound of the veins of the lower extremities – 3 months

Swab for flora, bacteriological culture from the cervical canal -10 days

Oncocytology from the cervix – 6 months

General analysis of urine-10 days, General analysis of blood and reticulocytes -10 days,

Electrocardiogram with decoding -14days,

Blood for HIV, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, Syphilis – 3 months.

Biochemical blood test: general, direct, indirect Bilir., Total protein, albumin,

urea, glucose, creatinine, uric acid, AST, ALT, blood sodium and potassium, cholesterol -10 days

Coagulogram – 10 days

Blood group and Rh factor

Fluorography – 6 months.

Mammography -24 months (after 36 years), 12 months (after 50 years) Ultrasound of the mammary glands -12 months (up to 36 years)

Consultation of a therapist, anesthesiologist, other specialists according to indications.Other examinations can be added according to indications.

Surgical treatment of the Bartholin gland cyst. In Our MC Paracel, surgical treatment of the Bartholin gland cyst is carried out in a planned manner after a complete examination of the patient, if necessary, a certificate of incapacity for work is issued. Stay in the hospital for 1 day.

The operation is performed on a gynecological operating table, during the intervention, not only the cyst wall is removed, but also the gland itself, in order to exclude relapses (repetitions) of the disease.The cyst is accessed through a small incision on the inner surface of the labia. Due to the good reparative qualities of the vaginal mucosa and vulva, the surgical wound heals completely without leaving a trace. The removed tissue must be sent for histological examination to exclude the malignancy of the process. Method of anesthesia. These operations are performed under spinal anesthesia or machine-mask anesthesia . During the operation, the patient is completely relaxed and does not feel any pain.

90,000 Inflammation of the Bartholin gland in women 👩‍⚕️ causes and treatment

Bartholinitis is a common pathology associated with inflammation of the large gland in the vestibule of the vagina. It is named after the anatomist who first described it, the Bartholin gland. This gland is a steam room, located symmetrically on both sides of the entrance to the vagina in the region of the lower third of the labia majora. Normally, the special secret secreted by them maintains optimal moisture and Ph of the mucous membrane of the vulva and vagina, and with sexual arousal, due to it, lubrication of the intimate zone is provided and it is protected from damage.

Inflammation of the Bartholin gland develops when pathogenic microorganisms enter its tissue. It can be nonspecific microorganisms (staphylococcus, streptococcus, E. coli, etc.) or causative agents of sexually transmitted infections – gonococcus, chlamydia, gonorrhea, etc.

Causes of bartholinitis

There are several ways for pathogenic microorganisms to enter the Bartholin gland:

• for local tissue damage. In this case, the focus of infection is localized in the genitals of the woman;
• with generalized infection, when the transfer of microorganisms occurred through the circulatory or lymphatic system from other organs that are not anatomically related to each other.

Normally, the body is able to independently cope with pathogenic flora and suppress its ability to reproduce and spread, but if there are factors such as:

• non-compliance by a woman with the rules of personal hygiene and wearing uncomfortable, synthetic underwear. Synthetic fabric can affect the balance of moisture and temperature, which causes pathogenic bacteria to multiply. Tight underwear can squeeze the perineum, interfering with the release of secretions, which leads to swelling of the gland.
• excessive neatness with the use of alkaline soap products, frequent douching with antibacterial drugs that cause disorders of the vaginal microflora.
• decreased immunity against the background of hypothermia, bad habits, poor nutrition, etc.;
• unprotected sex with different partners;
• trauma, scratching in the perineal region;
• for vaginal dysbiosis against the background of prolonged use of antibiotics;
• in chronic inflammatory diseases with the formation of a permanent focus of infection: chronic cystitis, urethritis, colitis, chronic sinusitis and even caries, the infection can enter the gland through the blood or lymphatic vessels;
• With a drop in immunity against the background of diabetes mellitus and other diseases, the risk of bacteria penetrating into the parenchyma and the development of inflammation of the Bartholin gland increases.

How does bartholinitis manifest in women?

Bartholinitis is characterized by asymmetry of the lesion. Cases when inflammation proceeded immediately in two glands at the same time are extremely rare and refer to casuistry. Usually, the primary inflammatory process is localized at the mouth of the duct, where a dense edema forms, leading to its blockage. In such conditions, when the ability to evacuate secretions is impaired, the infection spreads very quickly throughout the entire structure of the organ. Such acute inflammation is always characterized by specific symptoms:

• the appearance of a dense painful formation in the area of ​​the labia majora.When you press on it, the pain increases;
• discomfort when urinating
• the labia become asymmetrical;
• a woman complains of severe pain in the perineum, which is worse when walking
• pain during sexual intercourse; lack of intimate lubrication during arousal.
• purulent discharge from the vestibule of the vagina. With some sexually transmitted infections, the discharge may be slimy and watery;
• General intoxication syndrome with fever, chills and general weakness.

The appearance of such symptoms should not be ignored, as it requires immediate treatment. The purpose of which will be to restore general well-being, prevent the development of complications and the transition of the disease into a chronic form.

In chronic, recurrent bartholinitis, episodes of exacerbation will be replaced by remissions, and so on until the extinction of the reproductive function of a woman who will enter menopause. During this period, the estrogen-dependent secretory function of the glands of the vestibule of the vagina will significantly decrease and at the same time the prerequisites for inflammation will subside.But is it worth the wait so long?

Required examination

Our doctors quickly recognize bartholinitis. As a rule, it is based on the characteristic appearance of the labia, which is revealed during a gynecological examination. What methods are used in our clinic?

A swab is taken from the urinary canal and vagina. This is necessary to assess the microflora and identify its abnormalities. The study is supplemented with bacteriological inoculation of the gland discharge from the ducts.Thanks to this, doctors determine the specific causative agent of the disease and its susceptibility to antibiotics.

Additionally, a general gynecological examination is carried out, which can reveal concomitant gynecological diseases.

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Treatment of bartholinitis

Independent elimination of pathology is impossible – it can cause the development of complications of varying severity, up to a severe purulent infection.Therefore, all patients with signs of bartholinitis should seek professional medical attention.

Our specialists at the Clinic of Modern Technologies conduct a comprehensive examination of all patients and determine the optimal treatment tactics. It depends on the stage of the disease and associated pathologies.

Conservative therapy is used for acute inflammation. Two approaches are actively used: antibacterial treatment and anti-inflammatory drugs. Antibiotics are prescribed when determining the sensitivity of pathogens to them.This makes the treatment more effective and safer. Anti-inflammatory drugs are intended to relieve symptoms of intoxication. Also used for treatment:

• suppositories, for the administration of drugs closer to the site of infection
• applying cold – to slow the progression of infection
• antihistamines
• pain relievers
• droppers with water-saline solution – for severe intoxication

When an abscess or chronic cyst forms in the perineal region, surgical treatment is performed.An abscess containing a large number of bacteria is opened in the operating room. All pus is removed, and the wound is washed with antiseptic solutions. After that, a drainage is installed into the abscess cavity, through which all the inflammatory fluid flows out. Surgical interventions are always accompanied by antibiotic therapy.

In order to prevent a cyst or abscess from forming again in the future, it is very important to restore the patency of the Bartholin gland duct in a timely manner. In our clinic, this is done in two ways:

In the operating room, an operation is performed under intravenous anesthesia, during which a new duct is formed.Through it, in the future, the secret of the gland will be displayed outside.

Not promptly, with the help of a Vord catheter. Anesthesia and an operating room are not required for the placement of the Vord catheter. This gentle procedure is performed in a gynecological office under local anesthesia. It lasts no more than 10 minutes and is comfortably tolerated by patients. The method also allows you to create a new duct that will allow the gland to function fully.

Choosing the correct treatment for bartholinitis is a guarantee of recovery and the absence of problems with the female reproductive system in the future.Therefore, we recommend contacting our specialists at the first symptoms of the disease, when even conservative approaches are highly effective. Remember this and do not delay the visit to the gynecologist.

Physicians treating bartholinitis

Cost

• Bartholinitis treatment6 900
• Lancing of the Bartholin gland abscess 8 100
• Lancing of the abscess of the external genital organs 2 700
• Removal of Bartholin gland cyst 19 000
• Lancing of the abscess of the Bartholin gland with marsupialization 22,000
• Restoration of the patency of the excretory duct of the large gland of the vestibule 15,000
• Installation of a Ward catheter for cyst / abscess of the Bartholin gland 12 000

90,000 Epidermal cyst – Symptoms, treatment

Epidermal cyst is a pathological neoplasm.It resembles a ball, arises around the hair follicle and consists of epithelial cells.

An epidermal cyst forms in areas of the body where hair grows. The lesion described may be benign or a form of cancer.

Why does an epidermal cyst form?

The formation appears as a result of the closure of the passage of the hair follicle by excessive production of sebum and horn cells.

Outwardly, the cyst resembles a ball up to 5 cm in diameter, has a pink color and is covered with a network of small vessels.Often, its pores darken and expand.

The inner content of the cyst resembles a yellow paste.

Ingestion of a cystic infection can provoke inflammation, enlargement, and pain.

If the formation is localized on the head, then increasing it can put pressure on the brain. And this, in turn, provokes visual impairment, severe headaches, mental disorders. It is not uncommon for an epidermal cyst to provoke

Varieties of epidermal cyst

Doctors distinguish several types of formations.The classification is carried out according to the structure, symptoms and the presence of complications.

Most often, atheroma is diagnosed. This formation is localized in the face, on the arms, neck and in the scrotum. A single atheroma may appear on the skin, or several of them may appear at once.

This type of epidermal cyst, like atheroma, has a round shape and soft contents. As a rule, this formation is yellow or red.

Atheroma does not bother a person, it may remain the same size or slightly rise above the skin.

When an infection enters, the formation suppurates and leads to inflammation of the adjacent tissues.

How is an epidermal cyst diagnosed?

The diagnosis of an epidermal cyst can only be made after a study. An MRI or CT scan of the brain is usually done. If a cystic tumor is found in the head, then a study of all parts of the brain is performed to clarify the condition of the cyst and select treatment tactics.

How is an epidermal cyst treated?

The formation must be removed with a surgical operation.However, there are some limitations. If it is close to the parts of the brain, then complete excision is impossible. The neurosurgeon will perform only partial removal and recommend annual examinations for the timely diagnosis of relapses.

When the formation is malignant, then an oncologist surgeon is involved in its treatment. Usually, the tactics of simultaneous radiation and chemotherapy are chosen. If atheroma is diagnosed, then the size of the tumor plays an important role. Small formations can be left untreated, but only observed.When the tumor begins to grow, excision is indicated under local anesthesia.

The operation to excision of a superficial epidermal cyst usually lasts no more than 20 minutes. The doctor makes an incision and removes the cyst along with the capsule. Then curettage of the cavity, skin cleansing and wound suturing are performed.

If relapse occurs, reoperation is recommended.

Removal of polyps of female genital organs

One of the most common gynecological problems faced by a modern woman is polyps of the uterine cavity (endometrium), cervical canal and vagina.

The formation of endometrial polyps is a hyperplastic process, that is, an excessive, uncharacteristic formation originating from the expanding endometrium (the inner wall of the uterus). They are single and multiple. With the formation of multiple polyps or recurrence (re-formation) of a polyp, they already speak of polyposis as a disease. Such neoplasms require treatment. Polyps are attached to the mucous membrane of the organs using a thin stem or wide base.The size of benign lesions varies from a few millimeters to 3 cm in diameter.

Polyps are diagnosed in women of different ages, but are mainly found in patients from 25 to 45 years old. The main reason for their formation is considered:

• Disorders in the hormonal background with an excess of estrogen, or a lack of progesterone.
• carrying out manipulations traumatizing the uterus: abortions, curettage for the purpose of diagnosis without proper control, or wearing an intrauterine device for too long.
• termination of pregnancy, miscarriages or difficult childbirth – in this case, the remaining areas of tissue or blood clots will be replaced by elements of connective tissue, i.e. a polyp will form.
• Disorders in the endocrine system (disruption of the thyroid gland, obesity or diabetes mellitus) that disrupt the exchange of sex hormones.
• chronic inflammatory process in the pelvic area – genital infections with the development of endometritis, inflammation of the inner lining of the uterus.

Why are polyps dangerous

Any polyps, wherever they are located, should be treated. Even if the neoplasms are benign, the condition is diagnosed as precancerous. For women planning to have children, pathology is especially dangerous, because it leads to infertility.

If the presence of polyps is confirmed by a gynecologist, then the doctor gives a referral for a biopsy and further histological examination. Further treatment will entirely depend on the results of the histological examination.In most, the method of treating adenomatous and glandular polyps is surgery.

Polyps of the uterus

The uterus is a hollow organ of the female reproductive system, the inner surface of which is lined by the mucous membrane – the endometrium. The endometrium has specific physiological and functional properties. Sometimes there is a pathological proliferation of the glandular structures of the endometrium – a polyp of the body of the uterus (endometrium), which is most often not attributed to oncological conditions.Polyps of the uterine cavity can have a different shape, size and location, which directly determines the effect of such a neoplasm on a woman’s reproductive health. Since any polyposis structures are prone to further growth, doctors recommend removing polyps of the uterine cavity immediately after detection.

Polyp of the cervix

A cervical polyp is a benign tumor-like formation that was formed by pathological growth of the epithelium (integumentary tissue) lining the cervical canal, growing from the wall of the cervical canal into its lumen, which has a leg or a wide base.Such structures can have different shapes and sizes, however, regardless of these characteristics, if such a formation is detected, it is necessary to remove it, because polyps negatively affect the reproductive and sexual function of a woman.

Polyps of the cervix are dangerous for other reasons – there is a high likelihood of injury, and malignant degeneration of the neoplasm is also possible. A woman of any age can face a similar problem, but the greatest risk is observed during the period of serious hormonal changes – puberty, pregnancy, menopause, etc.etc.

Vaginal polyp

Vaginal polyps are benign growths that grow on mucous membranes and epithelial (integumentary) tissues. One of the places of localization of polyposis structures is the vagina. The formations in this case most often represent multiple small tubercles with a wide base. There are several reasons provoking the development of pathological proliferation of vaginal tissues, however, regardless of the factor that caused the process, polyps in the vagina must be removed.

Vulvar polyp

The vulva is a collection of a woman’s external genitalia. Polyps often colonize the labia, clitoris, and vaginal vestibules. Pathological proliferation of mucous membranes is accompanied by the appearance of a growth or tubercle, which can increase in size or form lobular structures that outwardly resemble cauliflower. Due to the open localization of neoplasms, they, in contrast to polyps of the body of the uterus or the cervical canal, are much easier to diagnose and, as a rule, are removed at an early stage, which avoids the degeneration of the tumor into a malignant form.

Treatment of polyps in Kemerovo

At the Medline Kemerovo clinic, polyps are removed by experienced operating gynecologists. The modern department of gynecology has everything you need for high-quality and comfortable treatment of such diseases. Make an appointment with an experienced gynecologist at the Medline clinic in Kemerovo by calling 8 (3842) 49-20-70 or on the website.