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Beware of the wild parsnip and other poisonous plants

NY Dept. of Transportation

Don’t be tempted to pick these pretty yellow flowers. Contact with the plant, which is found throughout North America, can cause
a painful light-sensitve rash similar to that of the Wild Hogweed.

Wild parsnip is most irritating while flowering.

Poison oak

David McNew/Getty Images

When bruised or damaged, Poison ivy, poison oak and poison sumac release an oil called “urushiol” which can cause contact dermatitis, an uncomfortable allergic rash. Most people exposed to the oil will develop an itchy red rash with bumps or blisters.

Severe reactions may require medical attention, according to the CDC. Burning the plants is especially dangerous, as the allergens can irritate the lungs when inhaled.

Poison oak is found primarily in the southeast and west coast. Its leaves have three parts and the plant can take the form of a shrub or vine. The plant may have yellow or green flowers and clusters of greenish or white berries.

Poison ivy

Dr. Edwin P. Ewing/CDC

Poison ivy, perhaps the most notorious of the allergenic plants, is found in nearly every state with the exception of Alaska, Hawaii and California.

The plant can be recognized by its three shiny leaves, which can be green or red depending on the season. Some varieties grow on a climbing vine and the plant may have yellow or green flowers and white, green-yellow or amber berries.

Giant hogweed

Giant hogweed is a noxious weed that can grow up to 14 feet tall. The plant has thick leaves that can stretch five feet wide and large clusters of white flowers. Its stems are green with purple blotches and white hairs.

Giant hogweed sap contains toxic chemicals known as photosensitizing furanocoumarins. When these chemicals come into contact with the human skin, it can cause a skin reaction that’s extremely sensitive to light which leads to dark painful blisters that form within 48 hours, and result in scars that can last anywhere from a few months to six years. Touching giant hogweed can also cause long-term sunlight sensitivity and blindness if sap gets into a person’s eye.

Read more about Giant Hogweed here

Stinging nettle

USDA

Far more benign than others on this list, the stinging nettle is still no fun if handled incorrectly.

Nettle plants grow three to four feet high and are found in large clusters. Nettles can be recognized by their jagged, deep green leaves and greenish-white flowers. The leaves and stems are covered with stinging hairs, that when brushed up against, can cause a painful, burning sensation.

Despite the danger of touching nettles, once cooked, the greens can be a delicious and healthy ingredient> in soups and other recipes.

Poison Ivy | Minnesota Department of Agriculture

Common Name: Poison Ivy
Scientific Name: Toxicodendron radicans (L.) Kuntze and T. rydbergii (Small) Green
Legal Status: Specially Regulated

Must be eradicated or controlled for public safety along rights-of-ways, trails, public accesses, business properties open to the public or on parts of lands where public access for business or commerce is granted. Must also be eradicated or controlled along property borders when requested by adjoining landowners. Minnesota Noxious Weed Law.

Background

Poison ivy is native to Minnesota. Its range extends from Canada to South America.

Description

  • A perennial plant that grows as an erect shrub or as a climbing/creeping vine.
  • Has many different growth forms that determine its overall height. The shrub or prostrate growth form can be between 1- 2 feet tall and the climbing form can range from 3- 12 feet or more in length. Stems of the climbing form have small aerial roots that give the vines a “fuzzy” appearance.
  • Compound leaves consist of three leaflets that tend to be egg-shaped (2- 7 inches long and 1- 4 inches wide) with pointed tips and smooth to irregularly toothed margins. Leaves are glossy-green early in the growing season and turn yellow to deep red in the fall. Leaves are also distinguished by prominent mid-veins that divide each leaflet into equal sides with smaller veins evenly spaced at a 45 degree angle to the mid-vein.
  • Clusters of small yellow to greenish inconspicuous flowers form in the leaf axils during June and July. Male and female flowers are produced on separate plants.
  • Small green to grayish-white berries form in the flower clusters several weeks after flowering. Berries have a waxy appearance, are subdivided into several seed chambers, and turn yellow, white or tan later in the growing season.

 

 

Habitat

Poison ivy prefers woodland and savanna habitats. It can also be found along fence rows, right-of-way (especially bordering wooded or shrub habitats), stream banks, pasture edges, and a variety of other non-cultivated habitats.

Means of spread and distribution

This plant spreads primarily by shoots arising from an extensive shallow, horizontal root system and aboveground vining. New populations are started by transportation of seeds primarily by wind, water, or animals. It is prevalent throughout Minnesota. 

Impact

Poison ivy is a native species and beneficial to the landscape. Its berries serve as a food source for many wildlife species. Exposure to the toxic compound urushiol in the plant can cause severe blisters, rashes, and swelling on human skin and occasionally livestock. Poison ivy should not be allowed to contaminate hay baled for cows and horses.

Prevention and management

  • ALWAYS BE CAUTIOUS! Poison ivy contains toxic compounds that can severely irritate human skin. Working in and around this plant requires caution and awareness; ALWAYS wear protective clothing and gloves. Poison ivy is native and should not be completely eradicated from a landscape. However, it should be controlled or eradicated from areas of high human, livestock, and pet traffic. DO NOT BURN poison ivy! Compounds from urushiol can be inhaled from the smoke and cause serious respiratory problems.
  • Control or eradication of poison ivy by hand is not recommended. Urushiol, the toxic compound in poison ivy, can cause severe blisters, rashes, and swelling when exposed to human skin. It can also be spread through contact with the plant oil found on freshly contaminated clothing, gloves, footwear, and pet hair.
  • Mowing can be done on stands where it is safe to operate equipment. However, due to its preferred habitat, mowing may not always be an option. Cutting stands several times a year to prevent or eliminate seed production, reduces the spread and overall population size. Continuous mowing for several growing season may eventually reduce the root reserves and decrease the amount of individual plants. Take care to completely rinse any equipment after operating in poison ivy.
  • Various herbicides have been used successfully. If you plan to use herbicide treatments, check with your local University of Minnesota extension agent, co-op, or landscape care expert for assistance and recommendations. There are several businesses throughout the state with state-certified herbicide applicators that can be hired to perform chemical applications for poison ivy and other noxious weed species. Spring foliar and late fall cut-vine and shoot applications have been shown to produce good overall management when the proper herbicides and application techniques are used. Follow-up treatments in subsequent years are usually required to eradicate new seedlings or re-sprouts.
  • Goats and sheep that have been acclimated to feed on poison ivy may be used to reduce large populations. Grazing by goats has been shown to be useful in forested areas where it is hard to use other equipment. Setting-up temporary fencing around infestations helps to keep the goats focused on a specific area and reduces non-target grazing.

Toxicity

Roots, leaves and stems contain an oily resin called urushiol which typically causes an irritating rash, blisters, or swelling when exposed to human skin, and occasionally on livestock. Burning poison ivy is very dangerous, as the smoke can contain urushiol and cause serious respiratory or other systemic health problems if inhaled.

More information

Plants — Texas Parks & Wildlife Department

Poison Ivy

Toxicodendron radicans

Poison Ivy can be a climbing or trailing vine, a shrub or even a small tree. The leaf edges can be smooth, toothed or deeply notched. New leaves are red in spring and dying leaves are yellow. Fall leaves are yellow, orange and red. The plant produces small, greenish-white clusters of flowers in spring and white, waxy, berry-like fruits in fall. It grows almost everywhere in Texas except for the western Panhandle and in almost any type of environment. Several variations of the old adage ‘Leaves of three, beware of thee’ proclaim the warning- typical 3-leaf (occasionally 5-leaf) clusters on a single stem identify it. The symptoms of Poison Ivy contact begin to appear between 12 and 36 hours after exposure. They include itchy, burning rash followed by small blisters and in severe cases, large blisters and swelling. All parts of the plant are toxic in all seasons. Burning leaves of Poison Ivy are particularly dangerous because the toxin is carried in the smoke and can cause serious respiratory damage if inhaled.

How to Avoid
The best defense against Poison Ivy is learning to identify the plant and wearing protective clothing. After contact, carefully removing and washing clothing is extremely important because the resin can remain on the garments indefinitely and infect whoever handles them again.

What to Do
If bare skin has been exposed to Poison Ivy, immediately wash the affected area with soap and large amounts of water. This can reduce or eliminate the possible affects. If you were not so lucky as to realize beforehand that you were affected, treatment includes keeping the area clean and dry and the topical applications of hydrocortisone creams and lotions. Staying cool can help the itching. If you experience more than a mild outbreak, it is advised that you seek medical attention, since there are stronger products available by prescription.

Poison Sumac

Troy Evans, Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Bugwood.org – See more at: http://www.forestryimages.org/browse/detail.cfm?imgnum=5079053#sthash.fiAL8saY.dpuf

Toxicodendron Vernix
Poison Sumac reacts very much like Poison Ivy, but it looks very different. It is also usually only found in very wet, wooded regions of Texas, typically in the east. It can be a tall shrub or small tree. The leaves are arranged in pairs of 3 to 6 with a single leaf at the terminal end of the stem. The fruits of the Poison Sumac are a whitish green hanging fruit. There are non-poisonous varieties of Sumac, which appear similar, yet their fruits are red and upright. The same procedures should be followed as for Poison Ivy exposure.

Poison Hemlock

(Conium maculatum) See Information about this plant in the Poison Hemlock page on the Texas Invasives Website.

William & Wilma Follette @ USDA-NRCS PLANTS Database / USDA NRCS. 1992. Western wetland flora: Field office guide to plant species. West Region, Sacramento, CA.

How to Identify Poison Ivy and Poison Oak

What Does Poison Oak Look Like? Where Does Poison Ivy Grow?

I’m doubtful that I’ve ever actually seen Poison Ivy or Poison Oak in person before, but I’m rather confident that it has seen me. I certainly succumbed to its wrath years ago when I was clearing out some overgrown weeds back when I worked for a landscaper. Not too long after the job was done, I developed a red, itchy rash that typically follows exposure. It was an unfortunate experience that I wouldn’t wish to have again anytime soon. The substance that causes the rash is called urushiol, and can be found in both Poison Oak and Poison Ivy.

How and Where Do They Grow?

Where and what conditions are best for either Poison Ivy or Poison Oak are the first differences between the two plants. Poison Oak has two basic types—one that can be found in the Eastern US and one that can be found in the Western US. Typically it grows best in semi-shaded wooded areas, although it can grow in direct sunlight. Poison Ivy, on the other hand, can be found throughout much of North America and even into the mountainous areas of Mexico. So where does Poison Ivy grow? Well, it can grow just about anywhere.

What Does Poison Oak Look Like?

Poison Oak can grow as a vine or as a small shrub. It has three glossy leaves and each leaf is between 1.5 to 4 inches long. The edges of the leaf can be toothed or lobed and roughly resemble the leaves of an oak tree. When first opening in spring, the leaves have a bronze color that turns green or greenish-red in summer. Their fall color is usually red or pink. Poison Oak has white flowers in the spring that develop into berries that are usually tan in color. An interesting fact about Poison Oak is that it can take on the appearance of the plants that grows next to it. Certainly a sneaky plant!

What Does Poison Ivy Look Like?

Poison Ivy also has three leaves as well which are green when they first open. It generally grows as a vine across shrubs and up trees. The leaves can be as small as your thumb or as large as your hand, and are usually wide at the base. Leaves can vary from matte to glossy on the same plant and are typically notched. One characteristic that is streamlined through all Poison Ivy plants is that the middle leaf in each grouping has a longer stem or petiole than the other two. They also produce berries that are green in color.

Leaves of Three, Leave It Be

As you can see, identifying these two plants can be a challenge. Since they can grow in a variety of places, I guess the old adage of “leaves of three, leave it be” is the best way to avoid this plant. There are many websites that are devoted to dealing with the rashes and allergic reactions that many people seem to have from these dastardly plants. Some people seem to be immune to the effects of either Poison Oak or Poison Ivy, but that immunity can change.

The best advice is to steer clear of these plants. If you think you have Poison Oak or Poison Ivy growing in your landscape or up your trees, contact a professional company that is trained to deal with these plants.

Want to read other useful tips on keeping your yard safe and healthy? Check out our resources on lawn disease solutions, tree and shrub care, and more.

Poison Oak: Identification and Rash Treatment

“Leaves of three, let it be!” “Hairy vine, no friend of mine!” Learn how to spot poison oak, tell the difference between poison oak and poison ivy, and treat a poison oak rash.  

What is the Difference Between Poison Oak and Poison Ivy?

Poison oak is a relative of poison ivy. There are many similarities:

  • Both plants contain the same toxic resin, urushiol in all parts of the plant (toxic to humans but harmless to animals). 
  • Both plants have three leaflets, white flowers in spring, and can grow as a vine or a shrub.
  • Leaflets can range in size from the length of your thumb to the length of your hand.
  • Middle leaflet has a notably longer stem than the two side leaflets, though more obvious in poison ivy than poison oak.
  • Depending on the season, leaf color can range from green to orange and even a dark purplish-red.

But they are indeed different plants. In North America, there are two species of poison oak: Atlantic (Eastern) and Pacific (Western). 

Poison ivy (left) vs. poison oak (right)

How to Identify Poison Oak

  • Poison oak is a low-growing, upright shrub. It can grow to be about 3 feet tall, sometimes giving it the appearance of a vine. 
  • Leaf shape resembles an oak leaf (hence the name, poison oak), but it’s not a member of the oak family.
  • Leaflets are duller green than poison ivy and usually more distinctly lobed or toothed.
  • Leaflets have hairs on both sides, unlike poison ivy.
  • Poison oak tends to grow at elevations between sea level and 5,000 feet.
  • While the fruit of poison ivy is the color of pearls, poison oak fruit (called “drupes”) has a tan color.

At the end of the day, just remember: Leaves of three, let it be. In other words, if you see a plant with clusters of three leaves, don’t touch it!

Left: Poison Oak can be red in the fall, and its berries are tan when mature. Right: Poison Oak leaflets showing coloration.

Poison Oak Symptoms

Symptoms of poison oak include itchy red rashes that can resemble burns, swelling, and even blistering.

Symptoms can take 24-48 hours or even up to a week to show up, particularly if its your first exposure! 

Poison oak, like poison ivy, contains urushiol. This oily substance is what causes a poison oak rash, and it can be almost impossible to avoid. Upon contact with your body, urushiol immediately forms a chemical bond to the skin and causes an almost unstoppable allergic reaction. Urushiol will stay on clothes, pets, or other materials for months, and its potency lasts. This means that you could even get poison oak without going anywhere near it. 

The urushiol resin can cause harsher reactions for those who have been exposed to it before. Sensitivity to urushiol might decrease if you do not come into contact with it until later in life. Only about 15 percent of people are resistant to urushiol, so don’t feel safe around poison oak unless you are absolutely sure you are resistant. You also may become sensitive with repeated exposure, so your resistance might be short-lived.

Danger: Smoke inhalation from burning poison oak can send you straight to the emergency room. Avoid burning this plant (and poison ivy)!

Poison Oak Treatment

Your best chance at avoiding a reaction is to treat poison oak within 10 minutes of contact.

Urushiol is not water-soluble! Use strong soaps (like dish soap) and wash with cold water to keep the oils from spreading. Cleanse the area of contact within the first ten minutes, then rinse off with cold water. As urushiol can remain active for years, you’ll want to wash any clothes, items, or furniture that may have come into contact with the invisible oily residue.

If you don’t catch the exposure immediately, treat the resulting itchy rash and blisters topically with calamine lotion, baking soda pastes, aloe vera, and a number of commercial products.  If you don’t mind mixing breakfast and skin care, one tried-and-true remedy for itchy skin is oatmeal.  Since poison oak rash is the same as the poison ivy rash, see more remedies on our poison ivy page. If poison oak is extremely serious, speak to your doctor about a prescription.

Of course, the best remedy is always prevention; study our photos so you can recognize poison oak.

Have you ever had a run-in with poison oak? Tell us about it in the comments below!

Toxicodendron rydbergii (Western Poison Ivy): Minnesota Wildflowers

Toxicodendron rydbergii (Western Poison Ivy)

Plant Info
Also known as:
Genus:Toxicodendron
Family:Anacardiaceae (Sumac)
Life cycle:perennial woody
Origin:native
Status:
Habitat:part shade, sun; moist to dry; open woods, fields, roadsides
Bloom season:June – July
Plant height:6 to 48 inches
Wetland Indicator Status:GP: FACU
MW: FAC
NCNE: FAC
MN county distribution (click map to enlarge):
National distribution (click map to enlarge):

Pick an image for a larger view. See the glossary for icon descriptions.

Detailed Information

Flower:

Flowers are in sparsely branching clusters 2 to 12 inches long that arise from the leaf axils. Each flower is about 1/16 inch across, 5 greenish white petals and 5 stamens with yellow tips.

Leaves and stem:

Leaves are compound in groups of 3, often drooping, each group at the end of a long stalk alternately attached to the woody main stem. Leaflets are up to 6 inches long and 4½ inches wide, generally oval to egg-shaped, pointed at the tip and rounded or tapering at the base, often folded along the midrib. The end leaflet is stalked and usually largest, the 2 lateral leaflets stalkless or short stalked. Leaves may be toothless or have a few large teeth, sometimes just on one side. The upper leaf surface is hairless and shiny, becoming dull with age; the underside is lighter in color with a few hairs along the midvein. New leaves are initially tinged a bronzy color, becoming dark green, then turning yellow to red in fall. The woody stem is hairless and usually erect and unbranched.

Fruit:

Fruit is a round, green berry turning dull white to yellowish and about 1/8 inch in diameter. The berries persist through the winter.

Notes:

Western Poison Ivy is on the noxious weed list for Minnesota due to its toxic, rash-producing properties, as well as its propensity to form large colonies from underground rhizomes. It has a preference for drier, sunny spots but grows well enough in shadier and moister soil and seems to thrive along trail edges. While it can grow to 4 feet tall, it is more typically 1 to 2 feet. It is not to be confused with other plants having leaves in 3’s on long stems: Jack-in-the-pulpit, various species of Trillium, or Wild Sarsaparilla. Poison Ivy’s woody lower stem is a distinguishing feature, the vein pattern and/or shape of the leaves is different than those other plants, and the flowers are easily recognizable when the plant is in bloom. When in doubt, the old saying “leaves of 3, let it be” is good advice.

More photos

Photos by K. Chayka taken in Ramsey County. Photos courtesy Peter M. Dziuk taken in Anoka and Hubbard counties.

Comments

Have you seen this plant in Minnesota, or have any other comments about it?

Don’t Touch! A Scientist’s Advice For Spotting Poison Ivy Before It Ruins Your Summer : Shots

Microbiologist John Jelesko has learned not to take any chances when he touches poison ivy.

Courtesy of John Jelesko


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Courtesy of John Jelesko

Microbiologist John Jelesko has learned not to take any chances when he touches poison ivy.

Courtesy of John Jelesko

It was a close encounter in 2012 that made microbiologist John Jelesko take an interest in poison ivy.

The Virginia Tech professor was cutting up a downed tree with an electric chainsaw. What he didn’t realize was that his power cable had been dragging through poison ivy. So at the end of the day, as he coiled the cord around his palm and elbow, he inadvertently launched a career-bending science experiment.

“Within 48 hours, I had your classic case of poison ivy on my arm. And as a scientist, I said, ‘This is interesting, how bad can it be? I’ll just leave this untreated,’ ” he recalls, sheepishly. “In about two weeks, I had learned just how uncomfortable poison ivy rash could be.”

Uncomfortable sounds like an understatement. Jelesko says he barely slept while fighting the urge to “claw my itching flesh off.” Eventually, he went to his family doctor, who prescribed oral steroids.

The experience sparked years of research into a plant he calls a “familiar stranger.” He has studied the chemical, urushiol, that triggers that tell-tale rash, and the plant’s biology overall. The tricky thing about avoiding poison ivy, Jelesko says, is the plant is highly adaptable and can take many different forms in different environments.

“It’s remarkable,” he says, with a laugh. “There’s just an enormous amount of things with this plant that are currently unknown.”

Here he offers insights into how to recognize Toxicodendron radicans (the plant’s scientific name) before you risk touching it — and what to do when it’s too late.

Know the leaf shapes

The axiom, “leaves of three, let it be,” is accurate, says Jelesko, but those leaves can come in many shapes, even on the same plant. You’re safe if the plant has thorns — poison ivy doesn’t, but it does sometimes have little pale green berries.

All four of these leaves are the same pesky plant. Poison ivy leaves can have smooth, jagged or lobed edges.

(From top left clockwise) Poison ivy with smooth edges; jagged edges; round leaves; notched leaves. All pictures were taken on a trail in a state park on Tennessee’s Cumberland Plateau.

Blake Farmer/WPLN


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Blake Farmer/WPLN

(From top left clockwise) Poison ivy with smooth edges; jagged edges; round leaves; notched leaves. All pictures were taken on a trail in a state park on Tennessee’s Cumberland Plateau.

Blake Farmer/WPLN

Same plant, many forms

Another tricky feature of the species that can trip up passers-by: Poison ivy plants can grow in many shapes and sizes. When mature vines climb up a tree, their shape can even mimic that of the host tree. Simply pushing aside an innocent-seeming branch could make you pay a few days later when the rash begins to well up.

Jelesko’s latest research, which is not yet published, finds that, in cities, poison ivy tends to grow as a climbing vine, whereas out in the forest, most of the plants are ground-creeping vines. And poison ivy is much more prevalent in “landscapes modified by humans” than out in the middle of the woods.

What to do when the tricky plant wins …

If you think you’ve touched a plant, or unfortunately know you have, follow these tips to alleviate the problem. Of course, prevention is the best route. John Jelesko now dons a Tyvek suit and two pairs of gloves when he’s wallowing in poison ivy.

  • If you even suspect you brushed up against the plant, wash with soap and water within a few hours. This tends to prevent an outbreak in most people.
  • To confirm you touched poison ivy, you can try what’s known as the “black dot test” — but proceed with caution! With gloved hands, tear the leaf in half, put the sap on a piece of white paper. If it’s poison ivy, the urushiol oil will turn black in 30 minutes. This is the same reason black dots appear on some of the plants.
  • Keep an eye out for a streaky, red rash in the first few days, especially if you’ve had a poison ivy reaction before. For poison ivy newbies, the rash could take a week to develop. Repeat customers can start breaking out in a day or two. Rather than building immunity, multiple exposures can make someone more sensitive, priming the immune system to produce a more “robust” response, Jelesko says.
  • When a rash appears, dermatologists recommend soothing it with anti-itch or corticosteroid cream.
  • And if it gets really bad, go to the doctor, especially if the rash involves sensitive areas like the mouth or genitals.
  • Steroids and anti-itch medicine don’t always solve the whole problem and medicine has little else to offer. (If you’re still in agony, cold compresses or a bath with oatmeal may help soothe your skin.) But more medical help may be on the way: Scientists are in early days of exploring new treatments. A researcher at Duke University found that part of the body’s response involves an inflammatory protein “exciting” the nerve fibers in the skin and sending itchy signals to the brain. An antibody that counteracts the protein is currently in a clinical trial with humans.
  • If your pup came along with you on the outing that exposed you to poison ivy, never fear. Dogs are not allergic — but their fur can definitely hold the oil and transfer it to their owner, so have care with petting your dog after hiking past poison ivy. Scientists haven’t found many animals that break out like humans do, though lab mice seem to be allergic enough for research.

And just in case you weren’t disturbed enough by the proliferation of this itch-inducing vine, behold and be amazed by this king of the forest, a vine that’s truly awe-inspiring in size. Happy hiking!


Blake Farmer
YouTube

This story is part of a reporting partnership with NPR, Nashville Public Radio and Kaiser Health News. You can find Blake Farmer at @flakebarmer on Twitter.

90,000 11 scary poisonous plants that everyone needs to know about / AdMe

In nature, there is always a chance to stumble upon a poisonous plant. And if adults are likely to just walk by, then curious kids who want to taste everything could get hurt.

Bright Side reminds you: many very dangerous plant species are grown as decorative and they can be seen not only in the forest, but also on window sills and flower beds. Therefore, in the city it is also worth being vigilant.

Where occurs: In the temperate zone of the Northern Hemisphere; prefers damp places, swamps.

There are several types of buttercups, many of which are poisonous.

Hazards: Contains a caustic juice that can burn the skin. When it gets on the mucous membranes, it provokes coughing and laryngeal spasms. If the juice gets into the eye, it can cause temporary blindness.

Where found: In Europe, Asia and North America. It grows in very damp places, in swamps and river banks.

It smells deceivingly of carrots, but it is one of the most poisonous plants on Earth. Only a botanist can distinguish it from dozens of other umbrella species. Better to just not pick the plants that look like milestones and grow in damp places.

What is dangerous: In case of poisoning, vomiting, convulsions, depression of cardiac activity occur, death may occur. Only 100-200 g of rhizomes of a milestone will easily kill a cow.

Where occurs: Temperate zone of the Northern Hemisphere, Australia.

The most common representatives are red and black elderberries. All parts of the plant are poisonous, and if you just touch the elderberry, it is better to wash your hands. Interestingly, black berries are completely safe when ripe; they are used to make drinks and pies.

What is dangerous: Provokes headache, weakness, abdominal pain, and sometimes cramps. Heart failure and respiratory arrest are possible.

Where found: In tropical and subtropical regions.It is used in landscape design and is grown as an indoor flower all over the world.

A truly insidious plant that attracts with its pleasant aroma and beautiful pink or white flowers.

Dangers: Contains cardiac glycosides that can change heart rate, cause vomiting, headache, weakness and even death. There is a legend that Napoleon’s soldiers unknowingly made a fire from oleander branches and fried meat on it. In the morning, some of the soldiers did not wake up.

Aconite, or Fighter

Aconitum

Where found: In Europe, Asia and North America. Because of its beautiful purple, blue and yellowish flowers, it is grown in flower beds. It is a tall and prominent plant.

In the ancient world, it was used to poison arrows. Even bees can be poisoned if they take honey from aconite. By the way, delphinium is its close relative, and it is also poisonous.

What is dangerous: VERY poisonous plant.Causes abnormal heart rhythms, numbness of the face, hands and feet, darkening of the eyes and death. The juice penetrates even through the skin.

Where occurs: In North and Central America, Europe, southern regions of Russia.

Datura resembles potatoes or tomatoes, which is not surprising, because it is their close relative. It is an inconspicuous plant with thorny capsule fruits with black seeds inside. Its white flowers give off an intoxicating smell.

What is dangerous: Contains alkaloids that cause heart palpitations, disorientation and delirium.In severe cases, death or coma is possible. Shamans of many nations used this plant in their rituals.

Where: In the temperate regions of Eurasia, one species exists in the United States.

Just a giant among the umbrella, which looks quite impressive, but it is better not to be photographed next to him.

What is dangerous: Some species contain furanocoumarins, which cause painful burns when exposed to sunlight. Therefore, if hogweed juice gets on your hand, wash it and protect it from sunlight for about two days.

Where found: Worldwide. It can often be seen on window sills, including in child care facilities.

A huge number of species belong to milkweed, often they are very different in appearance: some look like cacti, others like flowers. Teach children not to touch unfamiliar plants, even if they are growing in pots.

What is dangerous: The juice leaves burns. Later, malaise, edema and temperature join.

Where found: Cultivated in Europe, Russia and the USA.

In many countries, rhubarb is used to make pies, salads and sauces. And many are not averse to just crunching the stem.

What is dangerous: Not everyone knows, but you cannot eat the leaves and the root of this plant, since they contain an incredible amount of oxalic acid and its salts. They can cause burning eyes and mouth, kidney problems, vomiting, and diarrhea.

Where found: In North Africa, Europe, southern Russia, Asia Minor, in some areas of North America.

Looks like a bush with black berries and pinkish flowers. Contains the alkaloid atropine, which causes pupil dilation. In the Middle Ages, drops of belladonna dripped into the eyes to make the look more attractive. Now similar drops are used for eye surgeries.

What is dangerous: In case of mild poisoning, dryness and burning sensation in the mouth, palpitations appear. In severe cases – a complete loss of orientation, sometimes convulsions and death.

Where occurs: In tropical, subtropical and temperate zones.It is grown as an ornamental plant because of its unusual appearance, including in pots.

Castor oil is made from castor bean. But don’t worry: when steaming, all toxins are destroyed.

Why it is dangerous: Probably the most dangerous plant ever. Contains extremely toxic compounds – ricin and ricinin. The seeds are especially poisonous – only 4-9 pieces will cause death if eaten. Smaller doses cause irreparable harm to health, as ricin destroys body tissues.

Killer Geranium. Top 5 Dangerous Houseplants | Tips | HEALTH

Houseplants make your home cozier, release oxygen, humidify the air and even kill bacteria. However, pretty flowers and leaves often contain poison that can be dangerous to pets and children. Biologist Larina Kravtsova told SPB.AIF.RU about which plants should not be planted in the apartment.

Ivy

Evergreen ivy is one of the most popular indoor plants.It is unpretentious to care for (does not require frequent watering and feels great even in the shade), grows quickly and always has a green decorative appearance. However, many types of ivy that are grown at home and in the country are poisonous. If it comes into contact with the skin, the milky sap of the plant can cause severe burns, irritation and ulcers. Absolutely all parts of ivy are toxic – from the stem to the berries. Therefore, it is necessary to care for the plant with rubber gloves, and place it out of the reach of children and pets.At the age of 10, ivy can bloom – the flowers smell unpleasant and, like berries, are very poisonous. Accidentally eating any part of the plant can get poisoned. But if you do not have children, dogs, cats, and you yourself are not going to eat ivy, it will be an excellent decoration for your apartment. Despite its toxicity, it disinfects the air, kills fungi and bacteria.

Dieffenbachia

Dieffenbachia’s large variegated leaves remain green all year round. The plant is unpretentious in care and is often used for landscaping interiors.However, it is better to breed Dieffenbachia in offices rather than apartments – especially if you have small children and cats. The fact is that the juice of this tropical plant contains poisonous alkaloids and, if it gets on the skin, can cause burns, inflammation and itching; in the eyes – conjunctivitis and corneal burns; on the tongue – laryngeal edema and short-term paralysis of the vocal cords. A few drops of the poisonous liquid can easily kill your cat.

No wonder in America, in the homeland of Dieffenbachia, and now poison is prepared from it for the destruction of rodents.

Milkweed

Apartments and houses of Russians are decorated with at least several dozen species of milkweed – some look like cacti, others like palms, and others are ordinary bright flowers. For example, the spurge, poinsettia (star of Bethlehem) and the euphorbia Mila are very popular. One thing unites them all – a poisonous white juice, which contains leaves, stems, flowers and thorns. If it comes into contact with the skin, it can cause burns and irritation, and in the eyes it can cause severe conjunctivitis and even temporary blindness.I myself once witnessed how an adult received a burn from indoor milkweed – just by touching the plant by the stem. In addition, getting into the body, the juice can cause poisoning, inflammation of the mucous membrane and provoke diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Like many poisonous plants, euphorbia is actively used in folk medicine, but these are very dangerous experiments. If you already have euphorbia, remove it out of the reach of small children and pets, and also be careful and work with gloves when replanting the plant.Even with minor damage, spurge secretes a considerable amount of dangerous juice.

Azalea

Sold in virtually all flower shops, is very popular as it blooms luxuriously and has a variety of colors (inflorescences are white, pink, yellow, blue). As a rule, due to its capriciousness among inexperienced gardeners, azalea does not live at home for a long time – most often it is ruined by excessive watering and, as a result, fungal diseases. However, a couple of weeks with a flowering bush may be enough to harm your health.The fact is that azalea (both leaves and flowers) contains andromedotoxin – a poisonous substance related to neurotoxins. It can cause severe poisoning, seizures and skin irritation. By the way, the smell of blooming azalea can also lead to dizziness, nausea and vomiting. Therefore, do not put blooming azaleas in the bedroom, as well as in places accessible to children and animals.

Geranium

Geranium is often called a room doctor, as its essential oils have an antimicrobial effect: they remove toxins, relieve nervous tension, help with headaches, insomnia.This plant, unlike the aforementioned representatives, does not contain poisons, but it can harm a person. For example, if he has a strong allergy or asthma. In young children and pregnant women, geranium can also cause an attack of allergies – cough, tearing, rash. The plant is also unsafe for pets: after eating flowers or leaves, they can get poisoned. However, if, in addition to cats, you have cockroaches or moths in your home, geranium will help get rid of them.

Also, in a house with small children and animals, you should not breed oleander (contains cyanides), adenium, cyclamen, alocasia, croton, primrose.But the safest home plants are: peperomia, chlorophytum, sansevieria (“mother-in-law’s tongue”), oxalis.

See also:

90,000 Plant that produces white sap. Human exposure to poisonous indoor plants. Plumeria

There are quite a few dangerous indoor plants, and some at first glance seem completely harmless. Of course, adults will not taste flowers and leaves, and children and animals can pull a bright but poisonous flower into their mouths.It is better to know in advance about poisonous plants and bypass them.

1. Euphorbia – the most popular and dangerous

It looks like a small palm tree with dense green leaves and a thick stem. This plant has poisonous milky sap and seeds, they can cause burns, irritation and on the skin. If milkweed juice gets into the eyes, temporary blindness and severe inflammation of the conjunctiva are possible. In case of severe poisoning, a person may experience dizziness, convulsions, circulatory disorders, and even delirium.

2. Dieffenbachia is a beauty


The poison is found in all green parts of the plant. Especially often pets suffer from dieffenbachia juice, cats die if even a few drops get into the mouth. In humans, symptoms of poisoning include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abnormal heart rhythms, and swollen tongue.

3. Adenium obese – a bright plant with poisonous juice


This is an exotic flower that appeared in our country not so long ago, but quickly gained popularity.Interestingly, the poison of this plant is still used in African tribes. They grease the arrowheads. It definitely shouldn’t be grown in homes where small children, animals, or people with asthma live.

4. Ficus is a powerful allergen that not everyone will get along with


Ficus is one of the favorites of flower growers, it can be found in every third house. It cannot be categorically called a poisonous plant, but it is a dangerous allergen.It can be bred at home, but you need to take precautions, especially beware of getting the juice on the skin.

5. Azalea is a beautiful, but capricious and dangerous plant

It is unlikely that an inexperienced gardener will be able to grow it. Azalea, also called a rodendron, is not harmful to humans unless its poisonous nectar or leaves are ingested. Dangerous sap is contained in leaf plates, it causes vomiting, watery eyes, nasal discharge and salivation.

6. Cyclamen is a member of the primrose family with poisonous tubers



There are many cyclamen fans among flower growers, and some of them grow this plant from seeds. The flower is demanding and capricious, it needs special care and special temperature conditions. However, few people know that cyclamen has poisonous tubers, their poison is similar to that of curare.

7. Primula – a dangerous inhabitant of children’s rooms



It is often found in children’s rooms because of the bright and different shades of colors.But this is a poisonous plant, and all its parts are dangerous. During flowering, primrose secretes alkaloids that cause nausea and dizziness. The poison is also found on the hairs of the leaves, touching them can provoke itching and burning. To avoid this, hands should be thoroughly washed after contact with the plant.

8. Clivia is a bright flower that wins hearts the first time



Florists are madly in love with this plant for its bright large buds that open at the same time and create a huge bouquet.But this is a poisonous plant, its leaves and rhizome are especially dangerous. Clivia juice is so dangerous that it can cause paralysis.

Plants in the house create coziness, help purify the air, are able to strengthen human immunity, and are simply pleasing to the eye. In flower shops and markets nowadays, everyone can choose a green pet to their liking.

But not all plants can be grown at home, especially if you have small children. Behind the alluring beauty can be a danger to the health and well-being of family members.

Folk wisdom.

According to folk signs, climbing and climbing plants (lianas, ivy, loaches, etc.) must not be kept in the house. This can damage the personal life of the hostess, since a man will not stay in such a house.

Also, do not grow cacti in a marriageable girl’s bedroom. An aggressive plant is able to ward off all suitors from her, so it is better to move it to another room, or even better to the hallway. There it will protect the house from those who come with bad thoughts.But in addition to popular signs, there are well-proven scientific opinions about which plants can be dangerous to the health and well-being of the family.

DIFFENBACHIA

A very common houseplant in our time. It can often be seen even in the children’s room. Indeed, its bright coloration attracts attention, but also fraught with danger. A broken or damaged leaf of the plant produces toxic sap that can burn the mucous membrane, especially if it gets into the mouth, nose, or eyes.And everyone knows how kids love to try everything by the teeth.

In addition, some housewives, when transplanting indoor plants, sometimes use cutlery – knives or spoons. If they are not washed well afterwards, it can cause poisoning.

OLEANDER

Usually this large flowering shrub is planted in the courtyard of a private house, but sometimes it is brought home for the winter. In no case should this be done. The stems, flowers, leaves and fruits of this beautiful subtropical plant are highly poisonous.So once again think about whether to plant it even on the street near the house, if you have small children.

Also, precautions should be taken when transplanting oleander – so that the juice does not get on the skin, use rubber gloves, and then wash your hands thoroughly. You should not place benches or gazebos next to the bush in order to inhale its aroma – prolonged exposure to the bush can cause poisoning.

AZALIA

This plant looks amazing, and its velvety colors are loved by many gardeners.It seems that you can endlessly admire the flower, but this beauty from the rhododendron family is insidious. Its leaves contain alkaloids, which are used to create some narcotic substances.

It is not recommended to touch azalea leaves as they contain toxic sap. Signs of its entry into the body are profuse salivation, burning in the mouth, nausea. In large quantities, this poison can be fatal.

Croton

This plant is also quite popular with indoor flower lovers.Its colorful leaves really look very impressive. But it is they who are fraught with danger to the human body.

Croton juice is poisonous. When ingested, it can cause vomiting, diarrhea, and on contact with the skin, dermatitis. Therefore, never transplant Croton with cutlery and without gloves. And if there are small children or pets in the house who can “hunt” for a plant, it is better not to start it at all.

GERANE

You could have seen this plant on your grandmother’s windowsill.And nevertheless, it is better not to have it in the house. The danger of geraniums is not only in the poisonous juice, but also in the strong smell, or rather in the aero-allergens that spread through the air.

It is definitely not suitable for a children’s room, as well as for rooms where there are people prone to asthma or allergies. If the plant juices are ingested, a headache may occur, digestion and blood viscosity may be disturbed. But if you nevertheless decided to get yourself this beauty – “register” her on the balcony.

And now be sure to find out,
,
, and for dessert we offer you

Houseplants are found in many houses and apartments.They are very popular not only for their beauty, but also for their ability to emit oxygen, make indoor air cleaner, and create an atmosphere of home comfort. Some houseplants are medicinal and even edible. However, not all representatives of the plant kingdom are useful for human health. It is necessary to figure out which indoor plants it is better to refuse (especially if pets or small children live in the apartment).

10. Monstera

Some people think that this plant gives off carbon dioxide and absorbs oxygen, as a result of which a person can begin to suffocate during a night’s sleep. However, at the moment, this theory has not been confirmed. This plant is dangerous if its juice gets on the skin or mucous membrane: it can cause irritation, an allergic reaction. The monster can be kept in a living area, but it should be placed where children and pets cannot reach it.

9. Oleander

This plant always looks very beautiful, but at the same time it is extremely dangerous for human health. Even honey, which is obtained from oleander nectar, can be fatal. Pollen of such flowers also became the cause of death of people: in no case should it enter the human body. Even the smell of oleander can cause a significant deterioration in well-being, dizziness. Do not allow the juice of this plant to get on the skin, mucous membranes: it can cause burns.

8. Primula

Due to the velvety leaves, small size, a large number of beautiful shades, this plant is very popular among housewives. However, not everyone knows that it can significantly worsen a person’s well-being. When a primrose blooms, it releases harmful substances that cause dizziness and nausea. There are small villi on its leaves that cause a burning sensation. To avoid this, you will need to wash your hands immediately after touching the primrose.

7. Trichocereus

This houseplant poses a great danger to human health. Trichocereus produces the alkaloid mescaline, which has a very negative effect on the central nervous system: because of this substance, a person can be paralyzed. In addition, visual hallucinations can occur due to the effects of this poisonous plant. It is necessary to ensure that the trichocereus does not come into contact with human skin.Otherwise, it may lose sensitivity for a while.

6. Croton

Many people love this plant very much for the interesting reddish-green color of the leaves. It belongs to the euphorbia family. Croton looks like a small tree. Its leaves are elongated, the flowers are rather inconspicuous. If the juice of this completely harmless-looking plant gets on the human skin, a burn occurs. If it somehow enters the body (for example, through wounds on the skin), more serious consequences arise – up to death.

5. Nightshade

This plant is evergreen and has a very aesthetic appearance. However, it should be borne in mind that all parts of it are poisonous. The attractive orange nightshade berries are especially dangerous to the human body. Such a plant should not be kept indoors if a small child lives in it. The kid will almost certainly be interested in beautiful berries, and he decides to find out what they taste like. As a result, the child will suffer from severe digestive upset.

4. Euphorbia

This plant looks like a small palm tree. Euphorbia is so named because of its juice, which is similar in color to milk. The juice of this plant is very dangerous for the human body – like its seeds. If they come into contact with the skin, blisters and irritation will appear on them. It is necessary to be especially careful so that parts of this plant do not get into the eyes, otherwise they will become inflamed. Temporary blindness may even occur.People who have been poisoned by milkweed begin to rave, they have convulsions, dizziness.

3. Philodendron

Many people love such a plant for its beautiful dense greenery, unpretentious care, but not everyone knows that you need to handle it with the utmost care, trying not to damage it. It contains toxic substances that are dangerous to people and pets. However, the juice of a philodendron can only harm if it gets on the mucous membranes or on the skin.An intact plant is completely safe. To avoid trouble, you need to put the philodendron on high shelves: there animals and children will not be able to reach it.

2. Gesner tulip

This tulip blooms very beautifully. The flowers of this plant have a wide variety of shades: from red to yellowish. Extracts from the Gesner tulip are used in folk medicine, but in its pure form it is dangerous to human health.It is not recommended to stay close to this beautiful flower for too long, otherwise later a problem such as partial hair loss may arise. As for the use of the Gesner tulip extract for medical purposes, people who are poorly versed in this or have insufficient experience are better off choosing other methods of treatment.

1. Azalea

This plant is very popular among housewives because it blooms very abundantly and beautifully (if properly cared for).However, it should be borne in mind that its juice is dangerous to humans. If you swallow nectar or a piece of azalea leaf, you will experience lacrimation, nausea, profuse saliva, nasal discharge, and convulsions. Its flowers have a very strong odor, which can cause an allergic reaction. It will manifest itself as a headache, skin rashes.

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In nature, there is always a chance to stumble upon a poisonous plant.And if adults are likely to just walk by, then curious kids who want to taste everything could get hurt.

site
reminds: many very dangerous plant species are grown as decorative and can be seen not only in the forest, but also on window sills and flower beds. Therefore, in the city it is also worth being vigilant.

Where occurs:
In the temperate zone of the Northern Hemisphere; prefers damp places, swamps.

There are several types of buttercups, many of which are poisonous.

Where occurs:
In Europe, Asia and North America. It grows in very damp places, in swamps and river banks.

It smells deceivingly of carrots, but it is one of the most poisonous plants on Earth. Only a botanist can distinguish it from dozens of other umbrella species. Better to just not pick the plants that look like milestones and grow in damp places.

What is dangerous:
In case of poisoning, vomiting, convulsions, depression of cardiac activity occur, death may occur.Only 100-200 g of rhizomes of a milestone will easily kill a cow.

Where occurs:
Temperate zone of the Northern Hemisphere, Australia.

The most common representatives are red and black elderberries. All parts of the plant are poisonous, and if you just touch the elderberry, it is better to wash your hands. Interestingly, black berries are completely safe when ripe; they are used to make drinks and pies.

Where occurs:
In tropical and subtropical regions. It is used in landscape design and is grown as an indoor flower all over the world.

A truly insidious plant that attracts with its pleasant aroma and beautiful pink or white flowers.

Where occurs:
In Europe, Asia and North America. Because of its beautiful purple, blue and yellowish flowers, it is grown in flower beds. It is a tall and prominent plant.

In the ancient world, it was used to poison arrows. Even bees can get poisoned if they take honey from aconite. By the way, delphinium is its close relative, and it is also poisonous.

What is dangerous:
VERY poisonous plant. Causes abnormal heart rhythms, numbness of the face, hands and feet, darkening of the eyes and death. The juice penetrates even through the skin.

Where occurs:
In North and Central America, Europe, southern regions of Russia.

Datura resembles potatoes or tomatoes, which is not surprising, because it is their close relative. It is an inconspicuous plant with thorny capsule fruits with black seeds inside. Its white flowers give off an intoxicating smell.

What is dangerous:
Contains alkaloids that cause heart palpitations, disorientation and delusions. In severe cases, death or coma is possible. Shamans of many nations used this plant in their rituals.

Where occurs:
In the temperate regions of Eurasia, one species exists in the United States.

Just a giant among the umbrella, which looks pretty impressive, but it is better not to be photographed next to him.

What is dangerous:
Some species contain furanocoumarins, which cause painful burns when exposed to sunlight.Therefore, if hogweed juice gets on your hand, wash it and protect it from sunlight for about two days.

Where occurs:
Everywhere. It can often be seen on window sills, including in child care facilities.

A huge number of species belong to milkweed, often they are very different in appearance: some look like cacti, others like flowers. Teach children not to touch unfamiliar plants, even if they are growing in pots.

What is dangerous:
The juice burns.Later, malaise, edema and temperature join.

Houseplants not only humidify and purify the air, they can become a true decoration of the interior, emphasize the style features of the living space (for example, without small flowers in terracotta pots, it is difficult to imagine the design of a house in the Provence style).

Unfortunately, when purchasing a particular houseplant, they are most often guided not by real botanical information about it, but by the desire to get a bright or easy-to-care specimen, or even to solve pressing everyday problems with the help of a flower: to attract a husband, prosperity and peace to the house, fabulous get rich in a short time.At the same time, they forget about the requirements of the flower itself, completely ignoring the fact that most indoor flowers are poisonous, they can cause enormous harm to children, animals and the flower growers themselves if mistreated. In this article, we decided to figure out which seemingly harmful plants can turn out to be the most real poisoners.

Most indoor plants can be classified as poisonous.

Sadly, most indoor plants can be safely attributed to the group of poisonous, and not only single indoor flowers are poisonous, but entire families: Aroid, Kurtovye, Solanaceae, Euphorbium.

Growing indoor flowers with poisonous signs should not endanger children, pets and birds that may accidentally be poisoned. It is enough to follow simple rules for the flowers to please and improve the mood, to get rid of them is superfluous, because no toxic substances are released into the air. An exception is the blooming oleander. During flowering, the bush is best taken out into fresh air.

To know which indoor flowers to be wary of, read this article to the end.

1. Spathiphyllum, or poisonous “female happiness”

Women’s happiness – the plant has poisonous juice.

The houseplant spathiphyllum (in other words, flagleaf) is very popular; it is believed that this elegant flower can bring happiness to the house, especially for the female half. It is quite difficult to check this – happiness depends on the flower or on the behavior of the woman herself, but it is not worth arguing that Spathiphyllum (the Aroid family) is poisonous.

A graceful plant with white or red bracts, often used for interior decoration. It is important to take proper care of the flower. Spathiphyllum grows well in a room, can tolerate some shading, does not emit dangerous chemical compounds into the air, but care should be taken when transplanting – the plant sap is extremely poisonous. Considering that the flagleaf bush needs an annual spring transplant, you should remember the precautions:

  • It is possible to divide and transplant spathiphyllum only with rubber gloves.
  • In case of accidental contact of plant sap on open areas of the skin, immediately wash this area with plenty of soap and water.
  • If spathiphyllum juice gets into the eyes, a chemical burn is possible, so seek immediate medical attention.
  • Try to protect the plant from the encroachment of pets who like to taste the leaves and flowers, otherwise the pet may be greatly affected by poisoning with the poisonous sap of the flagleaf.
  1. Dieffenbachia – if it gets on the skin, Dieffenbachia juice causes severe irritation and burns, if it gets on the mucous membranes, swelling is noted up to respiratory arrest. Even small amounts of dieffenbachia juice can kill small pets.
  2. Anthurium – when in contact with anthurium juice, serious consequences can occur for a person: severe poisoning, the occurrence of allergic manifestations, inflammation of the mucous membranes.
  3. Aglaonema – it is worth taking precautions when caring for the plant, transplanting and dividing – the poisonous juice causes extremely negative consequences.

Hazard level: medium. The sap of the plant is poisonous, causes irritation and burns.

2. Zamioculcas

Dollar tree.

Another representative of the Aroid family, which can increasingly be found among amateur flower growers, is zamiokulkas. It is believed that this elegant plant with spreading branches dotted with shiny glossy leaves is able to summon the flow of dollars into the wallet of its owner. Money is money, and it is worth thinking about the safe cultivation of the “dollar tree” – the poisonous juice, once it gets on the skin, causes persistent irritation.It is not necessary to transplant and divide the zamioculcas without gloves, and after contact with the plant, hands must be thoroughly washed.

Hazard level: medium. The sap of the plant is poisonous, irritating.

3. Cyclamen

Cyclamen, or dryak.

It’s hard to argue with the beauty of cyclamen – moth flowers appear over a squat rosette of leaves in autumn, bloom almost all winter. There is no limit to the variety of colors and shapes – the petals of modern cyclamen varieties have fringes and cut edges, and their color is amazing.There are not only one-color varieties, but also flowers with a border, stripes, specks of contrasting tones.

The plant grows from an underground tuber, the juice of which is very poisonous, when it gets on the skin, the liquid causes redness, burning and severe itching.

Hazard level: medium. The tuber of the plant is poisonous, its juice causes redness, burning and itching.

4. Scary monster monstera

A charming interior plant – monstera.

Monstera is a huge powerful liana with leathery leaves that have holes. This plant is very popular with amateurs who have winter gardens. The majestic flower grows quickly, practically does not get sick, does not require special care.

Monstera belongs to the Aroid family, its juice is poisonous, irritates the skin and mucous membranes.

Monstera has one peculiarity – in cloudy weather, its leaves begin to secrete sap, which accumulates in drops at the tips of the leaves.Curious children and cats try to play with the drops, lick them, which leads to an inevitable burn of the gastrointestinal mucosa.

Degree of danger: above average. Drops of juice on the leaves of the plant are poisonous. Burns.

5. Indoor grenade

Rich harvest ripened on miniature pomegranate trees.

It seems that the pomegranate tree is not fraught with any danger, because the fruits of the pomegranate are very useful, even sick and very weak people have been eating them for a long time.

And you know that only fruits are useful in this plant, all other parts (branches, leaves, roots) are poisonous, so you need to be careful when growing indoor pomegranate.

Hazard level: medium. All parts of the plant are poisonous, except for the fruits.

6. Oleander and its flowers

Oleander bloom.

During the flowering of oleander bushes, it is difficult to look away from the plant – charming clusters of flowers appear at the ends of all young branches.The delicate scent can cause a headache, so the flowering plant should not be placed in the bedroom (it is better to take it out into the fresh air, if possible).

Caring for oleander can only be carried out with protective gloves, because all parts of the plant (including seeds) contain poisonous sap, which can cause vomiting and bloody diarrhea, a sharp decrease in blood pressure, in case of severe poisoning, a fatal outcome is possible.

Hazard level: highest, deadly.

7. Adenium, or rose of the desert

Charming adenium.

Recently, a fascination with exotic has led to the fact that adenium has become a fairly common flower among inexperienced plant breeders. These flowers are full of unimaginable beauty, grace, originality and charm, but at the same time they are so poisonous that you need to be extremely careful when caring for insidious exotics. Adenium juice causes damage to the skin and mucous membranes, causes persistent poisoning when it enters the body of humans and animals.

Degree of danger: above average. The juice causes persistent and severe poisoning.

Code of Conduct with Poisonous Flowers

The list of poisonous indoor plants is very wide, but this does not mean that all plants should be immediately swept from the windowsills into the trash heap. A number of precautions should be taken to protect family members and animals from poisoning:

  • Transplant plants with gloves.
  • Wash hands thoroughly with soap and water after handling plants.
  • Supervise children and animals so that they do not come into contact with poisonous indoor plants.
  • Do not taste unfamiliar berries and fruits.
  • Do not rub plant leaves with bare hands.
  • Do not use unfamiliar plants for treatment, following the advice of uninformed people.

When these rules are followed, most poisonous plants become completely harmless.

90,000 can be kept at home, home care

Decorative, hardy and fast-growing evergreen steeplejack won the hearts of flower growers.Ivy fits perfectly into the design of any room. It is used to create vertical gardening, flower arrangements, as an ampel plant. From fast-growing varieties, they create standard trees and green statues of the most bizarre shapes. But can you keep a flower at home? Let’s find out.

Description and characteristics of ivy

Indoor ivy is a liana with leathery three- and five-lobed leaves. Some of its species reach 20 m in length.Many have aerial roots with which they climb and are held on vertical supports.

Flowers, as a rule, nondescript, with a specific smell. Ivy berries are inedible, poisonous to humans, although some birds and animals eat them.

Leaves, depending on the species and variety, can have a wide variety of colors: shiny dark or light green, monochromatic and feathery, green with a white or yellow border and white with a green border. Breeders have bred varieties even with purple foliage.

Indoor ivy in the interior of an apartment

Caring for indoor ivy

To make the acquired plant easier to acclimatize in the new conditions and please with wild growth, it is necessary to observe all the subtleties of care.

Lighting and temperature

Home ivy is a shade-tolerant plant that can decorate dark corners of rooms with greenery, where other plants will not survive. T However, good lighting is necessary for the growth of the plant, and the feathery forms of ivy in the shade lose the contrasting color of the leaves.Direct sunlight is also dangerous, as it can leave burns on the leaves.

In summer, plants feel comfortable at temperatures from 22 to 25 ° C, in winter it is preferable to keep them in a cooler room – from 15 to 18 ° C.

Watering a flower

Ivy, a child of the tropics and subtropics, needs good watering. In summer, the soil in the pot should be slightly damp. Periodically, the vine is washed under a warm shower, covering the soil in the pot with a waterproof material, or sprayed.It is advisable to place the ivy pot in a tray filled with pebbles. Pour water into it so that the pebbles are wet, but the pot does not stand in the water. This will increase the humidity of the air, and at the same time, the roots will not get wet.

Ivy does not like waterlogging or drying out. With a lack of moisture, ivy leaves droop and become soft. To remedy the situation, it is necessary to water well and give him a warm shower. After this procedure, the leaves will restore their previous appearance

Living ivy wall

It is also not worth pouring the plant over. Stagnant water and soil acidification due to excessive watering have more tragic consequences: the death of the plant due to decay of the roots. In this case, only ivy propagation by cuttings is possible.

The dormant period in lianas is weak, therefore, watering is significantly reduced, but does not allow the earthen coma to completely dry out. Water after the topsoil in the pot is dry. Instead of showering and spraying, ivy leaves are wiped with a damp cloth.

Soil and replanting

Good growth and decorativeness of the plant depends on the fertility of the soil. Ivy soil needs loose and permeable soil. At the bottom of the pot, drainage from small expanded clay must be laid out with a layer of at least 3 cm.

To prepare the soil, mix in equal amounts:

  • humus,
  • leafy ground,
  • peat,
  • sand.

Fill the pot with potting soil 2 cm below the edge. Small pebbles are laid out on top of the ground, which will protect against excessive evaporation of moisture and perform a decorative function.

The whole house covered with ivy

Feeding

Lianas are responsive to feeding. In the spring they are fed with nitrogen fertilizers, in the summer months – with complex fertilizers, and closer to winter – with potash fertilizers every 2 weeks.

In winter, during the dormant period, the plants are not fertilized.

Reproduction

Reproduction of vines is not difficult.

Cuttings and apical shoots

This is the most efficient way to reproduce ivy. You can cut a branch of the vine into cuttings 10 cm long or use top cuttings 10-20 cm long, cut during pruning, for propagation.They take root perfectly in a vase of water. For better root formation, a growth stimulator is added.

After the roots appear, the cuttings are planted in pots.

Layers

A longitudinal incision is made on the branch of the vine, without separating it from the mother plant, pinned to the ground with a staple and covered with earth. Water regularly. After the roots appear, the branch is cut off and transplanted into a separate pot.

By dripping stem cuttings

Indoor ivy

A stalk with 8-10 leaves is cut from a young branch and buried horizontally in a container with sand.The stem should be dug in and the leaves should remain above the surface. Water regularly. The roots should appear in two weeks.

The stem is carefully dug up, cut into cuttings with a leaf and roots and planted in pots.

Seed

This method is rarely practiced, as it is laborious and during seed propagation there is a high probability of splitting the variety.

Seeds are soaked for two days in a damp cloth moistened with water with the addition of a growth stimulant.After germination, they are planted in small pots with soil. They are kept at a temperature of 23-28 ° C.

Popular types of home ivy

  • Colchis – liana with rather large whole or three-lobed leaves, 15-18 cm wide, up to a quarter of a meter long. Leaves are oval or three-lobed with a characteristic musky aroma. The aerial roots of the vine give it the ability to stay on a support and climb to a height of 25-30 m. It blooms with small flowers with a specific smell, collected in inflorescences in the form of an umbrella.
  • Canary – it is also called Algerian. A fast-growing liana with large leaves in a variety of colors: from solid green to feathery yellow or white-green. It has no aerial roots, so it needs support. The plant needs intense lighting and high humidity, but will withstand a little shading. Ivy needs to be pruned, otherwise it gets a messy look.
  • Common – the colors of 3-5-lobed leaves are varied: from monochromatic dark and light green to feathery with a white or yellow pattern, may have a border.It blooms with small greenish-yellow flowers collected in an umbrella. Berries up to 1 cm in size, poisonous.
  • Pastukhova – liana has aerial roots, with the help of which it braids vertical supports. Leaves are leathery, bright green, 6 cm wide, 10 cm long, of various shapes: lanceolate, rhombic, ovoid, mixed. It blooms with inflorescences in the form of thin spherical umbrellas. The inflorescence has 5 to 20 flowers. In place of the inflorescences, fruits are formed – berries up to 1 cm in diameter, black with a purple tint, very poisonous.

Among the huge variety of species and varieties of ivy, it is easy to choose a plant to your liking, which will decorate the house and will delight for many years.

90,000 The most dangerous indoor plants | WikiBotanika.ru

Everyone knows that indoor plants are a source of beauty and benefit for the people who grow them. Plants give us their beauty and at the same time perform a number of useful functions: they participate in the process of photosynthesis (absorb carbon dioxide and emit oxygen), and also maintain an optimal indoor microclimate (humidify the air).

However, not everything is so rosy: the plant world also has its own outsiders – dangerous plants that can cause significant harm. Animals and children especially suffer from such representatives of the flora, because they are not able to distinguish a potentially dangerous plant. That is why families with children and animals need to be especially careful when choosing houseplants.

So, here are the 20 most dangerous indoor plants:

  • Evergreen ivy is a liana-shaped evergreen shrub belonging to the Araliaceae family.The stems are long, curved, the leaves are dark green with a carved edge. The leaves and berries of the plant are poisonous when ingested. Especially cats suffer from ivy, which are attracted by the lush greenery of the plant.
  • Rhododendron or Azalea is a very beautiful plant with vibrant greenery and magnificent flowers of white, pink or red color, belonging to the heather family. The leaves of the plant are poisonous, they contain a toxic substance – a glycoside, which causes poisoning.Place azalea pots out of reach of children and animals. It is not recommended to keep azalea in the bedroom.
  • Cyclamen is a plant with large decorative flowers and dense dark green leaves. The family to which the cyclamen belongs are primroses. Cyclamen tubers are especially poisonous; they contain a poison similar to that of curare. The same tubers are often used in folk medicine, while observing all precautions.
  • Trichocereus is an upright cactus with long curved spines. It blooms with white strong-smelling flowers. The cactus contains hallucinogens and alkaloids that cause central nervous system paralysis. In the wild, with the help of toxic substances, cacti are protected from being eaten by animals.
  • Croton is a representative of the Euphorbia family. A very popular house plant with large beautiful leaves of an original color.Like many representatives of the Euphorbia family, Croton is poisonous. The poison is contained in the seeds and milky sap of the plant, which appears if you break off a leaf or stem of a croton. If croton juice gets on your skin, wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water.
  • Euphorbia is a very popular house plant that gave its name to the whole genus (Euphorbia). Looks like a mini-palm tree: a bunch of dense green leaves are located at the top of a thick stem. Like the previous croton plant, milkweed has poisonous seeds and milky sap.Special care must be taken when transplanting and handling plants.
  • Dieffenbachia – the most popular houseplant, very beautiful and decorative. Dieffenbachia is an evergreen shrub with large oval variegated leaves. It grows up to two meters in height. Unfortunately, all green parts of the plant (petioles and leaves) contain poison. You can get serious poisoning if dieffenbachia juice gets into your mouth.Particularly affected are animals that can inadvertently feast on the plant.
  • Brunfelsia – houseplant, especially common in America and Europe, a representative of the nightshade family. It smells great and blooms beautifully with lilac flowers. All parts of the plant are poisonous, especially a lot of poison is found in the fruits and seeds of brunfelsia.
  • Adenium obese is a spectacular plant that has recently become widespread in our homes.At the top of the thick, stiff stem is a bunch of green leaves and bright and large red flowers. Adenium is one of the most poisonous plants. Until now, the poison of adenium is used by African tribes to poison arrowheads. All parts of the plant are toxic and poisonous, but its milky juice is especially dangerous. If your family has pets, children, or any family member with asthma, think carefully before you start growing adenium.
  • Clivia is a magnificent houseplant, blooming with very beautiful flowers, grouped in an umbrella of 12 or more flowers.The leaves of the plant are dense, glossy, elongated. The most poisonous parts of clivia are the leaves and roots. Great care must be taken when handling the plant and be sure to use rubber gloves.
  • Gloriosa luxurious is an exotic plant with very spectacular and unusual flowers that change color during the entire flowering period. At the same time, gloriosa is one of the most poisonous indoor plants. All parts of glorious gloriosa are poisonous.Once in a living organism, the poison of the plant causes nausea and vomiting, and also leads to impaired kidney function and hair loss. To avoid such unpleasant consequences of poisoning, you should be very careful with the plant. In addition, it is necessary to protect pets and children from contact with gloriasis.
  • Ficus is a well-known inhabitant of many houses, one of the most popular plants in the world. The luxurious rich greenery of ficus attracts many flower growers.Is this pet also poisonous? Of course, one cannot say so categorically. Ficus was included in this list because the plant is the most powerful allergen. Ficus juice is especially dangerous: if it gets on the skin, it can irritate and even burn. Do not be afraid to plant ficuses in your homes, but still try to take precautions.
  • Philodendron is a plant of the aroid family. Some of the philodendrons are vines, and some are bushy plants.Philodenrone is especially prized for its beautiful dense greenery. Unfortunately, the juice of the philodendron, like many members of the aroid family, is poisonous, but only when it gets on the skin and mucous membranes. If the plant is not damaged, it is not dangerous at all.
  • Akalifa is a genus of plants of the Euphorbia family, uniting about 400 plants. The peculiarity of akalifa is leaves with patterns of unusual color and inflorescences in the form of fluffy earrings. Akalifa is a slightly poisonous plant, the milky sap of which contains dangerous substances.
  • Schefflera is a large shrub plant, perfect for large spaces, greenhouses and conservatories. Sheflera, like akalifa, is a weakly poisonous plant. It is unlikely that the chef will burn you much harm, but still try to wash your hands whenever possible after contact with the plant.
  • Primula is a very beautiful plant with flowers of various shades, surrounded by velvety green leaves. Primrose is often placed in children’s rooms because of the bright colors of the plant.However, all parts of the primrose are poisonous and pose a potential hazard. Firstly, during flowering, primrose secretes special substances – alkaloids, inhaling which you can feel nausea and dizziness. Moreover, if there are several plants, their effect is enhanced. Secondly, the poison is contained in the hairs of the primrose leaves. If you touch the leaves of the plant, the poison can lead to burning and itching. If, after contact with the plant, you always rinse your hands under water, the primrose will not do any harm.
  • Beautiful Brovallia is a plant belonging to the Solanaceae family. It is a small shrub, reaching a height of 35 cm, blooming with purple, blue and white flowers. Brovale beautiful is a poisonous plant. All parts of the eyebrow contain poison, which negatively affects the body, getting inside or on the mucous membranes. Most often, children and pets are affected by contact with the plant, so it is very important to keep the plant in a hard-to-reach place.
  • Monstera is a popular houseplant that grows to an impressive size. Usually, monstera is grown in public buildings, as well as in greenhouses and conservatories. Monstera leaves are large, dense, rich green in color, with cuts along the edge. Before you start growing a monster in your home, think carefully. The plant has a very poisonous sap that can burn the skin of the body or even damage the eyes. Symptoms of monster poisoning are burning in the mouth, severe salivation, inflammation of the digestive system.
  • Pachypodium Lamera , the second name of the plant is Madagascar palm. The lamera has a thick thorny stem, similar to a cactus, the top of which is crowned with a rosette of elongated leaves. The pachypodium has a poisonous and toxic milky sap that is released when the plant is damaged. However, this juice has no effect on the skin and can be dangerous only if it gets on wounds and mucous membranes. Wash your hands thoroughly after handling the plant and it will not harm you in any way.
  • Aglaonema is a plant of the aroid family. The main value of the plant is luxurious greenery: large, dense leaves of a rich color, often with a fancy pattern. The plant perfectly cleans the air in the apartment and kills many pathogenic bacteria. However, at the same time, it must be remembered that the milky juice of aglaonema is dangerous. The sap is released when the plant is damaged, for example, when a leaf is broken, therefore, when transplanting aglaonema, be sure to use rubber gloves.

The attentive reader has probably noticed that some plant families are repeated especially often in this list: aroid, euphorbia, kutrovye, nightshade. Indeed, representatives of these particular families are especially poisonous and require the most careful handling.

The family of kutrovye is considered the most dangerous family in the world of domestic plants. Vivid representatives of kutrovy are adenium and pachypodium, diplodesia, plumeria, allamanda, strophantus, carissa and other plants also belong to this family.Be very careful when handling Kutrovye plants, always use rubber gloves and grow these plants out of the reach of children and pets.

The family of aroids is also distinguished by a large number of poisonous domestic plants: alocasia, aglaonema, monstera, dieffenbachia, philodendron, spathiphyllum, anthurium, syngonium. Almost all plants of the aroid family contain toxic substances: oxalic acid, proteins and enzymes, which are often used as components of household chemicals due to their caustic properties.The sap of such plants is especially dangerous, so if the plant is damaged, handle it as carefully as possible.

The euphorbia family includes many plants that are popular on our windowsills: euphorbia, croton, akalifa. The poisonous substance euphorin is a part of the milky juice of almost all euphorbia. In contact with the skin and mucous membranes, euphorin can cause burning, burns and inflammation. Be careful with the euphorbia plant, always wash your hands thoroughly after handling them.

The family of nightshades is probably known to everyone, because the most popular edible plants – potatoes and tomatoes – belong to this family. Houseplants of the nightshade family – brovallia, brunfelsia, paprika, often grown at home. The most poisonous part of nightshades are berries, which, if ingested, can cause nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and subsequently unhealthy drowsiness and lethargy. Be careful that your child or your pet does not eat the berries of these plants.

***

And in conclusion: very many plants are poisonous, to a greater or lesser extent, however, most of them are successfully cultivated by humans. It may not be worth buying a plant that could harm you and your family. However, if you have made the decision to grow a potentially dangerous plant, do your best to minimize the danger. Do not allow children and animals to come into contact with such a plant, do not place it next to the bed, always wash your hands after handling it, use rubber gloves.Subject to such simple rules, the plant will not be able to cause any harm and will delight you with its natural beauty.

90,000 indoor and ordinary ivy care at home. Description “Hedera Helix”, mix and other types. Reproduction

Ivy is a plant that can have a different “appearance” depending on the species diversity.However, common to all species and varieties is the presence of vines and aerial roots, thanks to which the plant easily climbs to any surface.

Characteristic

Ivy is a clinging plant that is known to many for its ability to “climb” the walls of buildings, fences, arches. He belongs to the Araliev family. It is a liana-like evergreen shrub plant with a strong stem and numerous aerial sucker roots .

From German the name of the plant is translated as “sit” (an indication of the ability of ivy to cling, sit on the surface), from Celtic – as “cord”. The plant has another official botanical name – hedera.

As already mentioned, in addition to the main root located in the ground, ivy has additional aerial roots.Their task is not to get nutrients from the ground, but to cling to surfaces, ensuring the ability of the plant to climb almost any vertical surface.

If ivy “chose” another tree, then at first, while the shoots are young and weak, ivy serves to some extent as a support for its “partner”. However, having entangled most of the crown, ivy begins to dominate and choke the plant.

The aerial antennae of the plant are highly sensitive. They are able to make circular movements until they find a possible support. After that, they go to the support, cling to it and pull the vine towards them. In the future, the tendrils become lignified and folded into a spring.

Ivy can be grown as a ground cover plant to produce a lush green “grass” that covers the ground and hibernates under the snow.

Despite the unpretentiousness and attractive “appearance” when growing evergreen “cord”, it is important to remember the precautions. This is due to the fact that the plant contains toxic substances. Their concentration is especially high in fruits. After you have watered or cut off the leaves, in a word, have come into contact with the plant, you need to wash your hands with soap and water, and care for the plant with gloves.

Flower

Ivy blooms at the end of August and lasts until November.Inflorescences are nondescript yellowish-green umbrellas. Flowers are male, bisexual and female. The first 2 species can be recognized by the presence of 5 stamens. Female flowers have 5 to 10 ovary nests.

Flowers are noticeable mainly on old shoots, only adult plants at least 7-10 years old bloom. The further north the heder is grown, the later it will bloom. Apartment varieties almost never bloom.

Sheet

The plant has three or five-lobed dark green leaves with a heart-shaped base.In adult plants, they are more oval. The leaves are matte, attractive in appearance. They are located on a flexible stem very close to each other. this allows the heder to form a thick carpet.

Botanists distinguish 2 types of leaves. Dark green in color, large leathery leaves are formed on vegetative stems. Flowering branches have smaller leaf blades. Their shape is more oblong, elongated. The shade of the leaves also differs – they are colored in a softer “grassy” green.

The appearance of the leaves may vary slightly in different plant varieties. Leaves with pronounced veins and covered with white or cream spots are especially appreciated by gardeners and professional landscape designers. However, such varieties are more capricious in nature – they are more demanding in care, need a longer daylight.

Fruit

The flowering period is followed by fruiting.Ivy bears fruit in small “peas” up to 1 cm in diameter, which finally ripen in December.

By this time they have acquired a bluish-black color and are able to survive on the bushes throughout the winter.

Distribution in nature

The habitat of heders is territories with a warm and humid climate. In the wild, ivy is widespread throughout Eurasia.In Western Europe, the plant grows in floodplain and light forests. Twigs climb the trees, sometimes wrapping around the trunk to the crown. In the glades, you can find a carpet of creeping ivy. Thickets of plants can be found in the Caucasus and Transcaucasia. Favorite places are beech forests, various thickets, rocky slopes.

In Russia ivy is not found in the wild, it is cultivated as an evergreen “loach” to decorate parks, summer cottages and suburban areas, public buildings.In addition, varieties have been bred that are suitable for indoor cultivation.

Views

Ivy has 15 species, which, in turn, include many varieties.However, despite such a rich varietal variety, they are all united by common features – the presence of creeping clinging lashes with aerial roots.

It is recommended to use decorative varieties of heders for decorating a personal plot – creating green hedges, decorating unsightly walls of buildings.

Common ivy is usually chosen for outdoor planting or potting. The most popular species are Tauride, finger, miniature, winter, fringed.

The Canary variety, which is native to the Canary Islands, has an unusual “appearance”. It is a variegated plant with dense, heart-shaped leaves. Their peculiarity is their color – it is green and white.

The “Gluard de Marengo” variety is also a decorative variety, which, by the way, grows very quickly. Variety “Gray”, whose homeland is Afghanistan, is characterized by a gray bloom on green leaves.Colchis ivy with variegated leaves has pronounced decorative properties. However, in the domestic climate, it grows very slowly, areas with a milder climate are still optimal for it.

Irish ivy has an interesting “appearance”. Has a dark green leaf plate with light veins. The veins can be light gray or light green, and the cuttings are purple. Finally, the leaves themselves are slightly bent upward.

Irish ivy spreads very quickly and easily “climbs” to a height of 6-20 m.

For growing outdoors, you can consider a garden variety.the appearance of this ivy changes with the age of the plant. At the same time, the garden view has many varieties that differ in the shape, size and color of the leaves.

Common ivy is widespread in the western part of Russia, the Caucasus and the Crimea. It is interesting that it is also called English, apparently due to its widespread use in gardens in the English style.

It grows in deciduous forests, the crowns of trees which give a dense partial shade. At the same time, common wild ivy looks like a climbing plant with woody stems, which braids the trunks and crown of trees.

If ivy grows in mountainous regions, then with its antennae-roots it clings to the mountain slopes, so the mountain range is completely entwined with lianvmi. In central Russia, ivy, if preserved for the winter, is only under a thick layer of snow. Caucasian, Crimean and Carpathian ivy species are characterized by high cold resistance. Interestingly, such varieties can be transplanted to more northern regions, but in this case, their growth rates noticeably slow down.

Common ivy also has its own varietal varieties. Among the most popular are several.

  • “Brilliant golden” , a distinctive feature of which are small green-golden leaves.
  • “Small” is characterized by small leaf blades with small three-lined shoots. It is characterized by strong branching.
  • “Finger” – the plant of this variety can be recognized by the five-lobed “foliage” of a dark green color with lighter veins.
  • “Twisted” – ivy, characterized by a slow growth rate. It has small leaves, serrated and wavy along the edge. This gives the impression that they are wavy.
  • “Triangular” – a heart-shaped sheet plate, three-lane, which is why it resembles an inverted triangle with mild angles in shape. The leaves themselves are small.
  • “Arrowhead” – five-lined form of plates of dark green color.
  • “Tricolor” – the leaves are a mix of white and green foliage. In autumn, they acquire a reddish tint, in addition, red shoots appear on the plant.

Hedera Helix is ​​suitable for indoor cultivation. Has dense leathery plates of a dark green hue. The leaves are speckled with lighter veins. There are variegated varieties of Helix heders.

Depending on the variety, the leaves have 3 to 7 blades.

Features of reproduction

Ivy can be propagated in 3 ways.

Cutting

With this method, you need to cut off small shoots with aerial roots and root them in the soil by 2-3 cuttings.You need to choose cuttings with leaves and adventitious roots (at least with a formed node) for cutting. The size of the roots is 10-14 cm, they need to be cut off at an acute angle. The lower leaves (if any) near the cut are removed, and it is advisable to treat the cut itself with a special solution of a growth stimulator.

Next, the cuttings are rooted in the ground. The soil is a mixture of deciduous soil and sand. First, the cuttings are rooted under a film, which is opened once or twice a day. As the cuttings take root, the film is removed, and after 1.5-2 months they are ready for planting in open ground.

It is better to use lignified cuttings, since young green shoots take root less well. In addition, under the slightest unfavorable conditions (for example, night temperature drop), cuttings in most cases die.

It is best to cook cuttings in early spring, although you can do this during the summer. But in the fall, it is not recommended to cut cuttings, since ivy is preparing for wintering.

Shoots

With this method, a cut and strong ivy shoot with 8-10 leaves is taken.It is pressed into the sand so that only leaves remain on the surface. After 1.5-2 weeks, a full-fledged root system will form in the sand from the aerial roots. After that, the shoot must be carefully removed from the ground and cut into cuttings. Each stalk must have at least 1 leaf and roots. Cuttings can not be rooted in water, but immediately planted in the ground or a pot.

Layers

To propagate by this method, you should take a long and strong ivy branch, make small cuts on one side of it and bend these places to the ground.In order for the branch to take root, it must be fixed to the ground with special brackets. As soon as the branch takes root, the staples are removed, and the branch is carefully “cut” into layers. The latter are transplanted to the right place.

An interesting fact – although ivy forms achenes, it does not propagate by seeds.

This is due to the fact that the plant from the seed does not retain its maternal properties.

The nuances of care

Despite the fact that the hedera is a light-loving plant, it does not tolerate excessive heat and dry air.First of all, it depends on this whether ivy will form a green carpet or wither away, barely reaching a meter in height.

Ivy does not like the hot sun, it is optimal to let the sun warm green leaves in the morning and evening time , and during the heat of the day it is better to shade the plant. When growing ivy in an apartment, you need to maintain a suitable air humidity. Heder with green leaves is easier to care for than variegated ones.

The optimum temperature for growing a green “carpet” is 18-20 degrees, in winter – 8-12 degrees.The plant is able to withstand temperature fluctuations, is not afraid of drafts.

The choice of the correct location of the plant will help to avoid excessive influence of the sun’s rays on the leaves.Ivy is a shade-tolerant plant, so it can be planted on the northern, north-western sides. This, by the way, is convenient, because sometimes it is not easy to choose plants that will take root in such a place. However, if you choose variegated heder varieties, remember that they are more demanding on light.

Ivy belongs to moisture-loving plants, and in addition, it has aerial roots, which can easily dry out in the heat. This is why watering should be abundant and frequent. When determining the frequency of irrigation and the volume of water, one should be guided by the state of the earthen coma.It is optimal if it is always moisturized. However, it is important to avoid stagnant moisture, as this will lead to root rot.

In winter, if the plant is in a heated room, the frequency of watering remains almost unchanged. If ivy hibernates in a cool room (winter garden, basement, veranda), then watering should be reduced.

If ivy is grown at home, then on hot summer days, as well as with the onset of the heating season, you should regularly spray the leaves and the space around the plant with water from a spray bottle.Use humidifiers whenever possible. If the air temperature is less than +20 degrees, then you do not need to worry about air humidity, it will be suitable by itself.

Ivy responds very gratefully to the fertilizers applied. The main thing is to enter them correctly. In the spring-summer period, this should be done every 14-16 days. Top dressing for indoor deciduous plants is suitable.

In winter, the growth of the plant, although it slows down, does not stop – it also needs feeding.At this time, it is enough to apply fertilizers once a month. Although it is more correct to focus on the conditions of “wintering” ivy.

If there is an excess of fertilizer, the header will signal this with yellowing and falling leaves.

Young plants should be replanted every year.Better to do this in early spring. A 4-5 year old hedera is considered an adult plant and needs to be transplanted every 2-3 years. Ampel species (including ivy) have a superficial root system, and therefore do not need deep pots.

It is much more important to make a drainage layer using fine and medium fraction gravel or expanded clay. This will save the plants from stagnant water in the pot. As for the soil, ivy is undemanding in this matter. You can use a ready-made substrate for decorative deciduous plants.

To prepare soil with your own hands, you can mix leaf and turf soil, peat and sand. All “components” are taken one piece at a time. Another “recipe” – taken in the same amount sod land, humus, sand. In short, ivy feels good in a slightly acidic loose substrate.

To obtain a lush carpet, bushiness, ivy should be constantly pruned.Shoots without leaves, dry leaves should be cut off. This should be done during the period of active growth (summer-early autumn). For better branching, you can also pinch the cuttings of young shoots. In the spring, too long, protruding lashes are trimmed, shortening them by a third. The cut pieces can be used for rooting in water and then in soil.

Heder’s soil for the winter should be mulched to avoid freezing. Peat or humus is suitable for this. On low curbs, the plant can be covered with hazel, apple or oak foliage.It is important that the shelter is not too dense and too warm. Shoots must still “breathe”, otherwise they will rot and rot. In spring, shoots are raked without using a rake, otherwise the plant may be damaged.

Potential diseases and pests

Despite its unpretentiousness, hedera can get sick.In most cases, this is due to improper care. T ak, excessive watering, a dormant period and an abundance of fertilizers lead to the fact that the whips begin to bare – the leaves turn yellow and fall off.

If you were planning to grow variegated ivy, and the leaves suddenly turned green, the plant probably does not have enough light. The lack of lighting is also indicated by the increased distance between the leaves.

The appearance of a brown “dry” rim on the leaves indicates excessively hot and dry air, moisture deficit.

Rarely enough, ivy can be affected by pests. First of all – a spider mite. In this case, a cobweb is visible on the shoots and the inside of the leaf with the naked eye. The leaves may be covered with silvery dots – these are insect bite marks.The ivy itself begins to wither and wither.

Thyroid infection is possible. In this case, black dots appear on the plant.

As a treatment, as well as preventive measures, you can use insecticides for garden plants – “Karbofos”, “Aktara”, “Aktellik”. The dosage and frequency of spraying with each drug should be seen on the package.

Interesting Facts

Ivy belongs to the most ancient decorative cultures, as indicated by its cultivation in Ancient Rome.One kind or another of it is found on almost every continent.

As an evergreen, ivy symbolizes immortality. however, this interpretation is not the only one. Ivy is also associated with fertility – it is not for nothing that it adorns the rod and wreath of the god Dionysius. Since ancient times, the image of a climbing plant has been adorned with cups and vessels for wine.

This vine is also a sign of faithful and devoted love. This is indicated by the legend of the lovers Tristan and Isolde, on whose grave vine and ivy grew and intertwined.

Ivy was also considered a plant that helps women to maintain youth and beauty. He was included in wreaths, woven into his hair. It was believed that a twig placed on the chest of a sleeping girl would prolong her youth.

Such attention to the plant has led to the fact that it often “appears” in dream books. Seeing evergreen twigs is a sign of success and health. For girls, such a dream promises pleasant meetings and unexpected surprises.

Accordingly, dried ivy – to disease and failure.

It has been proven that the plant purifies the air and reduces the content of pathogenic microbes in it by 30-40%. That is why it is recommended to breed it in office and industrial premises, as well as in facilities near factories, factories, highways.

Hedera brings positive energy into the room.It is believed that it gives energy and strength, and self-confidence to indecisive people. However, when growing a plant at home, it is important not to forget that it is poisonous.

During the time of Avicenna, ivy gained even more popularity due to its medicinal properties. However, if you turn to the ancient literature, you can find that with the help of evergreen leaves, Odysseus got rid of his wounds. In the Middle Ages, Leonardo da Vinci spoke about the healing properties of ivy.

For a long time modern medicine did not recognize the medicinal properties of heder, but recently its components are used for traditional therapy (for example, Prospan, prescribed for bronchitis, cough) and in homeopathy.The plant has antitussive, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and tonic properties, heals wounds.

Lianas are also used in cosmetology – as a component of creams and other formulations to combat cellulite.

Consider the most interesting and common options for landscaping household plots with ivy.

It goes well with stone, brick, wood. One of the advantages of the plant is the ability to save land, since ivy is used for vertical gardening.

The plant climbs easily on any surface, except for perfectly smooth surfaces made of glass and metal. In this case, it is better to consider a system of ivy supports. In hot regions, ivy can be damaged by too white and light walls, which strongly reflect light.The shoots will wither.

Hedera is widely used for greening roofs. By the way, such a “coating” has not only aesthetic, but also a practical function. The ivy wall protects against overheating in summer heat and prevents strong heat loss in winter.

If ivy is grown as a ground cover plant, it can be combined with maple, birch.

Due to the highly developed root system of the latter, it is usually difficult for them to find “neighbors”.

Plush goes well with low shrubs (especially variegated or purple shades), standard roses. In the spring (and autumn) period, the hedera takes on a reddish tint, which makes it possible to combine it with primroses.The reddish palette in a special way emphasizes the tenderness of the latter.

For gardening fences and fences, as well as in shaded areas, it is better to use Irish ivy as it is more winter-hardy.

Carpathian ivy is also characterized by resistance to low temperatures. However, it does not form a solid bedspread, so it is better to use it to decorate individual elements.

If the task is to hide the unsightly surface of buildings in a short time, to create a hedge, then garden ivy is used.It grows rapidly to form a lush green canopy. Against the background of such a hedge, bright bushes look great.

Dwarf varieties look attractive in boxes outside the window or in small containers on an open veranda.

For the secrets of caring for ivy, see the next video.

90,000 17 best species of climbing and ampelous indoor plants with names and photos

Lianas and ampelous plants occupy a special place in the assortment of indoor flowers, being an irreplaceable material for interior decoration.Any plant has its own, only characteristic of it: the structure, color of the flower, the shape and structure of the leaves inherent in this plant. Houseplants have been used as an element of the interior for a long time. Climbing plants can stretch up a cord, wire, bamboo stick, rail.

Types of climbing and ampelous indoor plants

Climbing and ampelous plants – ideal for the interior

Lianas are divided into climbing, climbing and climbing .For climbing vines, a support is required, around which they twine. Climbing vines can be raised with antennae, bristles, thorns, etc. However, in practice, plants with long shoots that need support are called climbing , and plants with hanging shoots are called ampelous . In this article, we will talk about plants that can be used for landscaping in offices, institutions, schools and kindergartens.

Clerodendrum

Clerodendrum

Among the vines there are beautifully flowering ones, such as clerodendrum, or wolkameria, from the vervain family. The most popular is the beautiful climbing plant Clerodendrum fragrant . His homeland is Japan. Clerodendrum has red-purple double flowers, collected in bunches. The plant prefers a sunny location and fresh air. In the summer, he needs abundant watering, otherwise the leaves of the plant begin to crumble.

Clerodendrum propagates by cuttings in spring.

Plants grown from cuttings bloom until autumn. They must be transplanted annually into a sod-peat mixture with an admixture of sand. Clerodendrum must be sprayed and fed in summer. Clerodendrum can be beautifully shaped by spreading its stems on trellises.

Scindapsus golden

Scindapsus golden

A well-deserved success was obtained by such a type of creeper as golden scindapsus. Scindapsus from the aroid family. His homeland is tropical Asia. Scindapsus is extremely unpretentious, grows well not only in illuminated places, tolerates temperature drops (but not lower than 15).

This plant should not be watered often, otherwise root decay will begin from excess moisture.

The leathery leaves of the scindapsus are heart-shaped, the plant loves to be sprayed from a spray bottle, especially in summer. Scindapsus in spring and summer needs feeding, when transplanting, add a mixture (leafy earth, humus, peat and sand in equal proportions). The plant reproduces by stem cuttings, both apical and the rest, throughout the year. To make the plant more decorative, you need to plant several cuttings in one pot.

Monstera

The ornamental plant Monstera belongs to the aroid family. It has a round, high-climbing trunk, reaching 5-6 m with aerial roots drooping down and even rooting into the ground, as well as roots that are attached to a wall or other support. Monstera cut-lobed leaves have the ability to “predict the weather”. In summer, before rainy, cloudy days or in winter, during thaw, water droplets form on the tips of monstera leaves.For this property, the monster is called “crybaby”.

Drops on the leaves of monstera

Monstera is an unpretentious plant, perfectly content with diffused light. However, in the summertime, the monster needs to be watered abundantly, sprayed and fed. In winter, watering should be very moderate. Young plants should be transplanted annually into an earthen mixture consisting of a mixture of sod, leafy and humus soil with the obligatory addition of sand . In older specimens, at least the top layer must be renewed annually.Monstera can be propagated by cuttings, offspring, rarely seeds. Stretching up, the monstera loses the lower leaves and becomes not very decorative.

To give the plant an attractive appearance, the upper aerial roots are tightly wrapped with moist moss and attached to the trunk.

After a short time, the tops with one or two leaves are cut off and placed in a pot next to the old plant so that the roots and cut are in the ground (rejuvenation of old plants is obtained).

Beauty monstera

Common ivy

Common ivy from the Araliaceae family.Ivy is native to Southern Europe and North Africa. Evergreen ivy can rise to a height of 30 m . So, one plant can be wrapped around the walls of a room. Its shoots touch the support with adventitious roots. Shiny dark green, sometimes variegated leaves with an angular-lobed, rhombic shape are very original.

Common ivy

The plant loves a nutrient mixture from turf and humus with the addition of river sand. In summer time, ivy is recommended to be watered abundantly with frequent spraying.In winter, water in moderation, wash the dust from the leaves with warm water. Common plush propagates by cuttings, which are planted in one pot, several pieces at a time, to obtain more ornamental plants. During strong growth, it is necessary to feed the plant with organic or mineral fertilizers.

Cissus

Cissus or indoor grapes

Cissus, belonging to the grape family, is no less decorative. His homeland is Java and Madagascar.Cissus is attached to the support with antennae. The plant must be watered abundantly, sprayed regularly and fed. There is almost no dormant period in Cissus; in a warm and bright room, plant growth continues in winter, but watering at this time should be reduced.

Young cissus plants must be replanted annually.

Old specimens can be replanted less often, but with the indispensable annual renewal of the top layer of the earth. Reproduction of cissus is carried out by cuttings, which can be planted at least in winter, several pieces in one pot.

Wax ivy

Wax ivy flower umbrella

Wax ivy is from the family of vines. His homeland is India. The plant has leathery, shiny leaves and climbing stems – white flowers with a single center, as if waxy and very fragrant. The drooping flowers are in the form of stars, collected in umbrellas.

Wax ivy grows well, it can beautifully decorate the wall, trellis, but it must be tied up, straightening the branches. Waxy ivy grows well in summer in a room with humid air and high temperatures.In the summer, it must be watered and sprayed abundantly. In winter, the conditions for keeping waxy ivy are sharply opposite – it needs dry, clean air, low temperatures, and occasional watering. It can be propagated by seeds, cuttings and leaves. During the growth period, the plant needs feeding. It is advisable to replant young specimens annually, less often old ones.

Wax ivy

Nephrolepis

Nephrolepis belongs to the fern family. The plant has unusually decorative, hanging light green, feathery leaves called vai. Nephrolepis, due to its unpretentiousness and endurance, is the most-most of the other fern species. Its amazingly beautiful leaves can reach up to a meter in length.

Nephrolepis has very long leaves

Nephrolepis needs moist air. On warm, clear days, spraying can be carried out several times.

Do not allow the earth to dry out.

Nephrolepis requires moderate watering, more in summer than in winter. Nephrolepis can be propagated by the root processes that it forms.The shoots are easily detached and planted in small pots. New plants can be grown from spores that mature on the underside of the wai.

Reproduction of the nephrolepis fern is possible in two ways: by shoots and division.

The plant needs to be fed regularly. A nephrolepis transplant should be carried out in the spring, having prepared an earthen mixture (leafy earth, humus, peat and sand in equal proportions) in advance, while putting a thick layer of drainage on the bottom of the pot. Nephrolepis is well placed in hanging vases, on brackets. In addition, nephrolepis also provides an excellent material for cutting. Its leaves retain their freshness for a long time and serve as an excellent material to complement any bouquet.

Nephrolepis leaves wonderfully complement flower arrangements

Maidenhair

The maidenhair belongs to the fern family. His homeland is Brazil. The maidenhair bush is very effective in the design of the room. Its double and triple dissected feathery leaves on black threadlike elastic petioles are unusually decorative.For this plant, it also has another name – dry stem. This graceful plant loves light, does not like too dry air. Because of this, when, especially hot, frequent spraying and fresh, clean air is required.

Spectacular Maidenhair

Maidenhair must be watered abundantly. The slightest drying out of the earth leads to wilting of the leaves.

Excessive dampness, especially in winter, is also detrimental to the plant. Maidenhair is transplanted in the spring, in a pre-prepared nutrient mixture (leaf earth, humus, peat and sand in equal proportions).Transplanted plants require abundant watering and protection from direct sun exposure. Maidenhair pots are best placed in large pots filled with moist moss. Maidenhair leaves are very effective in bouquets.

Round-leaved pellet

Round-leaved pellets

Round-leaved pellets from the fern family are no less popular. This is a wonderful ampelous plant. Round-leaved pellea has small round leaves, densely strung on thin petioles. Conditions of its keeping are the same as for other plants of the fern family.

Asparagus

Flowers and berries of asparagus

Asparagus, or asparagus, from the lily family, is a spectacular ornamental plant with thin hanging stems. Cascading shoots reach 150-180 cm. Its homeland is South Africa.

This amazing plant has no leaves.

There are needle-shaped formations that are unusually diverse, for which the plant is often called a herringbone. The plant looks very impressive during the fruiting period, when its fruits turn red among the lower greenery, and the flowers are inconspicuous.

The plant is gentle and even capricious. It hates the sun. Requires nutritious and dry soil. Asparagus feels good against the wall opposite the window. In the summer, the plant must be watered abundantly and must be sprayed, otherwise its “needles” begin to dry out and crumble. Asparagus responds well to feeding, in winter it should be watered sparingly.The plant propagates by dividing the bush during transplantation, it is possible to grow from seeds, but this requires a lot of work and patience. The most common species of asparagus are the pinnate finest as well as the sprenger.

Asparagus pinnate finest

Sprenger’s asparagus

Chlorophytum

The unpretentious ampelous plant chlorophytum is also from the lily family. His homeland is South Africa. This is an ornamental-leaved plant with beautiful drooping shoots; rosettes of leaves are formed in place of faded white flowers.

Chlorophytum

Chlorophytum is extremely undemanding to the conditions of detention. Well tolerates cool rooms, temperature rise. Chlorophytum with white stripes along the leaf prefers sunlit places. In the summer, the plant must be watered abundantly. The plant propagates by layering, leaf rosettes, which form aerial roots; plant it in an earthen mixture consisting of leafy, humus greens and sand.

Begonia bindweed

Bindweed begonia flowers

Bindweed begonia comes from Brazil. Plant with light and dark green leaves and white flowers.

Climbing begonia – from Jamaica; This plant has glossy green leaves, white flowers and long stems. This decorative ampelous plant is suitable for decorating walls, trellises. Begonias are unpretentious, however, development occurs better in a room where there is more humidity. They reproduce by stem cuttings. The plant looks more decorative when many cuttings are planted in the pot.

Bindweed begonia

Campanula

Campanula, or brittle bell, belongs to the bellflower family.The birthplace of Campanula is Southern Italy. This is a gentle ampelous plant with white and blue flowers, called “bride and groom”. The color covers all plants so densely that it is almost impossible to see small heart-shaped delicate leaves. In winter, Campanula loves a bright and cool place with extremely moderate watering.

Campanula white

Campanula blue

Last year’s shoots are pruned, and in the spring new shoots begin to develop at the campanula, giving abundant flowers.

Hypocyrt

A plant such as a hypocyrte of the garner family is quite rare. The homeland of hypocyrt is Brazil. This ampelous plant has densely set ovoid, small in size, dense and shiny leaves. Flowers of orange hypocyrta are original, somewhat similar snapdragon flowers.

Hypocyrta

Hypocyrta deserves special attention because it blooms in the coldest time. Hypocyrta propagates by cuttings, which can be cut and planted regardless of the season, it is better, of course, in spring, several cuttings fit into the pot and the plant gets a more decorative look.A hypocyrte needs a soil mixture (leaf earth, humus, peat and coarse sand equally), with the addition of charcoal. During flowering, the hypocyrt should be washed frequently with water.

Ahimenez

Achimenes is no less interesting. Ahimenez is also a member of the garner family. Abundantly flowering, unpretentious ampelous plant has flowers of different colors, purple, red, blue and even white. The plant is light-loving, it is not afraid of direct sunlight.In summer it is necessary to water abundantly, then watering is reduced and completely stops in winter. The stems of Achimenes die off, after which the pots are removed to a cool place and the plant is watered once a month. In the spring, they are transplanted into new land, and the plant blooms.

Stefanotis

Stefanotis is a profusely flowering plant that belongs to the Grimaceae family. His homeland is the island of Madagascar. This is a beautiful climbing plant with not very large, dense, glossy leaves. Stefanotis flowers are tubular, collected in an umbrella-shaped inflorescence, flowers have a pleasant smell, which intensifies in the evening.

Flowers of Stephanotis

Long shoots of Stephanotis spread well along the trellis. Stephanotis needs partial shade. The plant needs moderate and regular watering, which does not allow the soil to dry out. Stephanotis needs a weekly feeding in spring and summer. With regular fertilization, Stephanotis flowers grow larger and last longer. Stephanotis propagates by cuttings, which are previously placed in a weak solution of potassium permanganate.The plant needs an earthen mixture (leaf earth, humus, peat and sand equally), with the obligatory addition of charcoal. To make Stephanotis look more spectacular, several plants are planted in one pot.

Stefanotis in the house

Jasmine room

Indoor jasmine – from the olive family. His homeland is tropical Asia. This is an evergreen shrub with fragrant white flowers that bloom and fill the room with a wonderful delicate scent. Jasmine blooms up to eight months a year.Jasmine also has one more property, it secretes phytoncides that kill pathogenic microbes.