Preservision side effects: Preservision Areds – Side Effects, Interactions, Uses, Dosage, Warnings

17.07.197429.09.2021 by alexxlab

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Should I Be Taking PreserVision for Macular Degeneration? « Cynthia J. Mackay, M. D., Ophthalmologist

Q: What is PreserVision?

PreserVision (which was originally called “Ocuvite”) is a pill made by Bausch and Lomb. It contains four dietary supplements: beta carotene, vitamins E and C, and zinc. These supplements are all in megadoses, up to 15 times greater than the recommended daily intake. Bausch and Lomb instructs people to take these pills twice a day, so patients who take it are taking up to 30 times the recommended daily dose of these four supplements.

Q. Who takes PreserVision, and why?

PreserVision is being taken by millions of elderly people, worldwide, who think that it will keep them from losing their sight to Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD).

Q: What is macular degeneration?

AMD is a hereditary eye disease that destroys the area in the center of the retina, the macula. The macula allows you to see details. It is the number one cause of legal blindness in people over 65 in the US. One out of every three people over 65 will eventually develop macular degeneration.

Q: What is the evidence that these 4 dietary supplements might help patients who have macular degeneration?

The “evidence” comes from study called the AREDS (Age Related Eye Disease Study), which studied the effect of these four supplements. It was published in 2001 in a scientific journal, Archives of Ophthalmology.

The paper does not explain why the researchers chose these 4 supplements. They seem to have chosen them arbitrarily. There was no scientific rational for this study. Nobody understands why they chose them. It has been shown that diets rich in fruits and vegetables protect people against AMD, but we have no idea which of the thousands of different compounds in fruits and vegetables causes this beneficial effect.

Q: Were there any financial conflicts of interest in this study?

The Principal Investigator and Study Chairman of the AREDS Study, Dr. Frederick Ferris, has the patent to this drug. The AREDS study was financed partly by Storz, which is now part of Bausch and Lomb, the company that manufactures these pills.

Q: What was the design of this study?

Three different groups of patients were studied. One group had mild AMD, one had moderate (intermediate) AMD, and one had intermediate AMD in one eye and advanced AMD in the other. Some patients were given the drug, and some were given a placebo. After several years, the patients who got the drug were studied to see if the drug was effective in preventing: 1) the progression of their AMD; 2) vision loss.

Q. What were the results of this study?

The results of the study were negative. The drug had no beneficial effect on vision, and it did not stop the progression of AMD, in any of these three groups of patients.

Q: So why does anybody think these drugs work?

A. After the study was completed, the researchers went back and changed their research design. They arbitrarily threw out all patients with mild AMD from the study. This is a strange decision. Patients with mild disease are the ones who should benefit the most from this drug. Then, they changed their definition of “success”, from: “preventing vision loss and progression”, to: “preventing AMD events”.

After these manipulations, the data seemed to show that the drug prevented what they called “AMD events”, but it did so for only in one group of patients, the one who had intermediate AMD in one eye, and advanced AMD in the other. The study did NOT show that these patients had any vision benefit from taking this drug.

Q. So this study showed that only a small subgroup of AMD patients should take this drug?

The only people who supposedly “benefitted” from this drug are people who have intermediate AMD in one eye, and advanced AMD in the other. No other type of patients had any benefit. Even if a doctor accepts the results of this study, he should only recommend this drug to this small subgroup of patients.

Q. Is it standard scientific practice to change criteria after a study is over?

No. This manipulation has caused a storm of criticism in scientific meetings, and in the scientific literature. Scientists are not supposed to throw out a negative result, and then report on a small subgroup that seems to have a positive result. It does not conform to standard scientific practice. In short, the value of PreserVision has not been proven by accepted scientific methods.

Q. Is Preserveation dangerous to the patients who take it?

A. Yes. PreserVision is very dangerous to people who take it. The vitamins in PreserVision are at doses way above the recommended amount. Vitamins are drugs. All drugs must be taken at their proper dosages. We all know that 2 aspirin will help your headache, but that 20 aspirin can kill you. It is the same with vitamins.

All of the four supplements in this study cause serious problems:

beta carotene has been shown to cause lung cancer in smokers;
vitamin E causes lung and prostate cancer, and increases the risk of heart failure;
vitamin C causes kidney stones, heartburn, and diarrhea;
zinc doubles the risk of urinary tract problems, including enlarged prostate in men, and incontinence in women.

Q. If Preservation is worthless and dangerous, what can a patient with early macular degeneration do to help their eyes?

DON’T SMOKE.
Eat healthy food, which means lots of fruits and vegetables. Michael Pollan correctly says, “Get your vitamins from plants, not from things made in plants”.
Get yearly eye exams with a retina specialist.
Stay away from PreserVision, and all other megadose vitamin supplements.

Secondary health risks a consideration with AREDS nutritional supplements

October 15, 2003

7 min read

Nutritionists say more research is needed to determine the systemic health effects of taking high levels of beta-carotene, zinc and vitamin E.

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The Age-Related Eye Disease Study, published in 2001, was not only the longest study of age-related macular degeneration, but it also broke ground in the research on the effects of vitamin and mineral supplementation on ocular disease.

While there have been few reports of complications resulting from the regimens evaluated during the 10-year AREDS, the long-term systemic effects of taking high levels of vitamin E, beta-carotene and zinc have yet to be determined conclusively, according to Frederick L. Ferris, MD, lead AREDS investigator.

Dr. Ferris said that the general medical literature on vitamin and mineral supplementation is confusing and often contradicts the AREDS results. He advised ophthalmologists to weigh the patient’s individual risk of developing advanced AMD against the risk of adverse effects from supplements.

“We’re trying to balance apparently low-risk complications with possible benefits,” Dr. Ferris said. “These benefits are differential depending on where you are in the spectrum of age-related macular degeneration.”

Methodology

The AREDS, a National Eye Institute-sponsored 10-year study, included 3,640 AMD patients at 11 centers across the United States.

In the study, patients at high risk of developing advanced AMD lowered their risk of progression of the disease by about 25% by taking a daily combination of 500 mg of vitamin C, 400 IU of vitamin E, 15 mg of beta-carotene, 80 mg of zinc and 2 mg of cupric oxide.

The AREDS data reported in 2001 were based on a 5-year median length follow-up, and 6.5-year follow-up data were reported at this year’s Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology meeting. When compared to that of the placebo group, the age- and gender-adjusted mortality rates for the groups taking either the antioxidant plus zinc, the zinc-only or the antioxidant-only formulations continue to show low risk due to supplementation.

Yet some nutritionists caution that the AREDS formula, which is recommended indefinitely for patients with the highest risk of developing advanced AMD, may cause health risks in some patients.

The risks are highest for smokers, patients with a history of stroke and patients on blood thinners, according to nutritionists interviewed by Ocular Surgery News. Other data suggest that the regimen may also produce genitourinary effects and anemia.

Smokers

In the past decade, studies have linked lung cancer to smoking and beta-carotene, a precursor to vitamin A that is converted inside the body.

In 1996, the Beta-Carotene and Retinol Efficacy Trial found that smokers, former smokers and workers exposed to asbestos who took a combination of 30 mg of beta-carotene and 25,000 IU of retinol (vitamin A) had a 28% greater risk of lung cancer after 4 years. It should be noted that the AREDS supplement formulation contained only half the 30-mg dosage of beta-carotene in this 1996 study, and there was no retinol in the AREDS formulation.

“People who are smokers should probably be very, very cautious” about taking the AREDS formula chronically, according to John W. Erdman, PhD, a professor of food science and human nutrition at the University of Illinois, Urbana. “Of course, smokers have a much higher risk of AMD.”

Dr. Ferris noted that 9% of the AREDS population consisted of smokers, but the incidence of lung cancer was too small to draw any conclusions about relative risk.

“What I tell my smoking patients is that if they’re worried about lung cancer, it’s 70 times more effective to stop smoking than to stop beta-carotene,” Dr. Ferris said. “However, in general, we don’t recommend that smokers take this formulation until they’ve stopped smoking for at least a year.”

Dr. Ferris noted that it is possible to approximate the AREDS formulation minus beta-carotene by taking a combination of the other recommended vitamins and minerals. There is no prospective controlled data, however, measuring the effect of such combinations on AMD progression.

Upper limit guidelines

Beta-carotene supplementation does not pose a risk to nonsmokers, according to Diane Feskanich, ScD, who has studied the changing nutritional needs of aging men and women at Harvard University’s Channing Laboratory.

She said that the Institute of Medicine of the National Academies did not set an upper limit on beta-carotene consumption because there is “no science” indicating that high levels could pose a risk to nonsmokers. (Beta-carotene is different from the retinol form of vitamin A, which can cause a decrease in bone density at high levels, according to Dr. Feskanich’s research.)

The Institute of Medicine established a committee in 1998 to determine the upper limits for vitamins and minerals. While the levels of vitamins C and E in the AREDS formula conform to the upper limit guidelines, the level of zinc is double the upper limit determined by the committee.

“Zinc is a nutrient that’s been studied for a long time, but we really don’t know on the everyday level what long-term consumption will do,” said Robert J. Cousins, PhD, a professor of nutrition at the University of Florida, Gainesville. “The macular degeneration study (AREDS) is probably one of the longer zinc supplement trials that’s ever been run.”

Complications from zinc

One of the few documented side effects to taking zinc is anemia, Dr. Cousins said. This risk can be managed if patients increase the amount of copper in their diets because the two minerals compete for absorption, he said.

Dr. Ferris said that the AREDS researchers conducted yearly hematocrit testing on all participants, and while there was an increased risk of reported anemia in the participants taking zinc, there were no differences in hematocrit levels. He attributes this finding to the addition of copper to the study formulation. However, researchers did see an increased incidence of genitourinary complications, he said.

“This sounds vague, but it’s vague because it only becomes statistically significant if you pool all of the problems together, all of the reasons people might go to the hospital for genitourinary problems,” he said. “There is some biologic plausibility to the fact that maybe this would increase (genitourinary) problems because … there is a high concentration of zinc in the prostate.”

Dr. Ferris also said that he would advise patients who are taking anticoagulants such as Coumadin (warafin sodium, DuPont) to avoid high levels of vitamin E.

Vitamin E causes red blood cells to become fragile and at high levels will increase the risk of hemorrhagic stroke, according to Dr. Erdman. While the overall risk of stroke is small, he said, risk could be increased by as much as 45% in patients taking vitamin E.

Supplements on the market

Bausch & Lomb collaborated with the NEI on developing the AREDS formula and was the sole corporate sponsor of the AREDS trial. The formula, which Bausch & Lomb markets under the trade name Ocuvite PreserVision, was the only vitamin and mineral formulation tested in the trial.

“The most meaningful difference between the high-potency antioxidant and zinc formulation used in the AREDS trial and other nutritional supplements is that no other supplement has ever been tested or evaluated in such a large, well-controlled clinical trial,” said Stephen P. Bartels, PhD, vice president of pharmaceuticals new product development at Bausch & Lomb. He said that in addition to PreserVision, Bausch & Lomb markets the Ocuvite line of eye health vitamins, including Ocuvite Lutein, which contains 6 mg of lutein per tablet with no beta-carotene.

Since the release of the AREDS results, a number of other pharmaceutical companies have developed supplements based on the study formulation. A daily dose of Bausch & Lomb’s Ocuvite PreserVision or Alcon’s ICaps contains 28,640 IU of beta-carotene, 400 IU of vitamin E and 69. 6 mg of zinc.

Suzie DeMent, a spokeswoman for Alcon, said that the company believes that AREDS demonstrated the benefit of this combination of vitamins and minerals with little observed side effects for a disease with no current available treatment. Alcon offers an ICaps AREDS formula as well as another formula containing lutein and zeaxanthin, natural pigments also thought to be important in the age-related disease process, she said. The ICaps lutein and zeaxanthin formulation contains a lower level of beta-carotene, amounting to 6,600 IU, Ms. DeMent said.

ScienceBased Health also offers three MacularProtect formulations, including one that is appropriate for smokers, according to the company. At 2,500 IU, MacularProtect Plus contains 90% less beta-carotene than the company’s other two products. All three formulations contain 400 IU of vitamin E and 80 mg of zinc.

Penny Edwards, MPH, CNS, a nutrition scientist for ScienceBased Health, said that many of the potential adverse effects associated with zinc are prevented by the addition of copper, and for those with AMD the demonstrated benefits of high-dose zinc surpass any theoretical downsides.

She added, however, that the nutrients might interact with or affect the absorption of certain antibiotics, such as quinolones, taken concomitantly.

Careful monitoring

“We feel that high-dose supplementation really needs to be administered by and monitored by a physician,” Ms. Edwards said. “We encourage eye care practitioners to communicate with a patient’s primary care doctor.”

ScienceBased Health offers eye care practitioners a letter that they can send to a patient’s primary care physician, alerting him or her about the benefits and possible side effects from the supplements, she said.

Dr. Ferris emphasized that the therapy has the most benefit for patients who have already lost vision in one eye and are at the greatest risk of developing advanced AMD in their fellow eye. “So for them, it would seem to me, that the risks of supplements are well outweighed by the benefits,” he said.

Source: Information supplied by the investigating companies.

For Your Information:
Stephen P. Bartels, PhD, can be reached at 1400 N. Goodman St., Rochester, NY 14609; (585) 338-5399; e-mail: [email protected].
Robert J. Cousins, PhD, can be reached at 201A Food Science and Human Nutrition Building, PO Box 110370, Gainesville, FL 32611; (352) 392-2133; e-mail: [email protected].
John W. Erdman, PhD, can be reached at 449 Bevier Hall, 905 South Goodwin Ave., Urbana, IL 61081; (217) 333-2527; fax: (217) 333-9368; e-mail: [email protected].
Frederick L. Ferris, MD, can be reached at the National Eye Institute, 31 Center Drive, MSC 2510 Building 31, Room 6A52, Bethesda, MD 20892; (301) 496-6583; fax: (301) 496-2297; e-mail: [email protected].
Diane Feskanich, ScD, can be reached at Channing Laboratory, Harvard Medical School, 181 Longwood Ave., Boston, MA 02115; (617) 525-0343; e-mail: [email protected].
Alcon Laboratories, manufacturer of ICaps, can be reached at 6201 South Freeway, Fort Worth, TX 76134; (800) 862-5266; fax: (817) 241-0677; Web site: www. alconlabs.com.
Bausch & Lomb, manufacturer of Ocuvite PreserVision, can be reached at 1400 N. Goodman St., Rochester, NY 14609; (585) 338-5212; fax: (585) 338-0898; Web site: www.bausch.com.
ScienceBased Health, manufacturer of the MacularProtect product line, can be reached at 3579 Highway 50 East, Carson City, NV 89701; (888) 433-4726; fax: (888) 433-6726; Web site: www.sciencebasedhealth.com.
References:
Age-Related Eye Disease Study Research Group. A randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trial of high-dose supplementation with vitamins C and E, beta-carotene and zinc for age-related macular degeneration and vision loss. AREDS Report No. 8. Arch Ophthalmol. 2001;119:1417-1436.
Supplementation with antioxidants, zinc may delay AMD progression. Ocular Surgery News. November 15, 2001.
Omenn GS, Goodman GE, et al. Effects of a combination of beta carotene and vitamin A on lung cancer and cardiovascular disease. N Engl J Med. 1996;334:1150-1155.
Virtamo J, Pietinen P, et al. Incidence of cancer and mortality following alpha-tocopherol and beta-carotene supplementation: a postintervention follow-up. JAMA. 2003;290:476-485.

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PreserVision Lutein | Side Effects

What is PreserVision Lutein?

In the human eye, the retina, and in particular its anatomical component the macula, is essential in enabling you to see clear sharp images. , The retina is a light sensitive layer of tissue at the back of the eyeball. As we get older, our natural defense mechanisms are weakened. This means that we are less able t protect susceptible tissues, such as the retina, against the excess of the many naturally occurring, but harmful oxidizing agents, eg free radicals.

Other factors, such as smoking, pollution, exposure to intense light, and inadequate diet, may also contribute to increasing the production of these harmful agents.

This PreserVision formulation contains vitamin E and the minerals zinc and copper which help to protect cells from oxidative stress. Zinc acts as a co-factor in several enzymatic pathways which contributes to the maintenance of normal vision.

Vitamin C contributes to the reduction of tiredness and fatigue. It is found naturally in foods such as citrus and soft fruits, leafy green vegetables and potatoes.

What are PreserVision Lutein Side Effects?

reserVision Luetin formulation can, like any food supplement, very occasionally cause gastronintestinal discomfort.

Who is PreserVision Lutein for?

Caring for vision becomes increasingly critical with age. Studies have shown that eating a healthy, balanced diet is important for your health, yet we know it is not always possible to eat a balanced diet. Pregnancy: This product is not suitable for pregnant women.

Is PreserVision Lutein Safe?

Food supplements should not be used as a substitute for a varied diet. Adults: 2 soft gels per day with a full glass of water and during meals. Do not exceed recommended intake.

PreserVision Lutein Ingredients

Vitamin C (as ascorbic acid), Vitamin E (as DL-alpha tocopheryl acetate), Gelatin, Glycerin, Soybean Oil, Zinc Oxide, Lutein (as Lutein suspended in corn oil), Soy Lecithin, Yellow Beeswax, Silicon Dioxide (anti-caking agent), Cupric oxide. Colours: Titanium dioxide (E171), Allura Red AC (E129), Brilliant Blue FCF (E133).

CUSTOMER PRESERVISION CASE STUDIES ★★★★★

Case Study: Simon’s Experience with Preservation Lutein

March 12, 2021

Simon has bought PreserVision Lutein for his father who suffers from AMD. AMD is normally an age-related around 50-60 year old’s that affects the middle…

Does Preservision Areds 2 have side effects?

Signs of an allergic reaction, like rash; hives; itching; red, swollen, blistered, or peeling skin with or without fever; wheezing; tightness in the chest or throat; trouble breathing, swallowing, or talking; unusual hoarseness; or swelling of the mouth, face, lips, tongue, or throat. Very upset stomach or throwing up.

Is it safe to take PreserVision? A. Yes. PreserVision is very dangerous to people who take it. The vitamins in PreserVision are at doses way above the recommended amount.

Should I take AREDS2?

Who should not take Preservision? – a high amount of oxalic acid in urine.
– iron metabolism disorder causing increased iron storage.
– sickle cell anemia.
– anemia from pyruvate kinase and G6PD deficiencies.
– decreased blood-clotting from low vitamin K.
– increased risk of bleeding due to clotting disorder.

What drugs interact with AREDS2? – amlodipine.
– aspirin.
– Aspirin Low Strength (aspirin)
– atorvastatin.
– CoQ10 (ubiquinone)
– Fish Oil (omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids)
– furosemide.
– gabapentin.

Does Preservision Areds 2 have side effects? – Additional Questions

Do doctors recommend PreserVision?

Many eye doctors now recommend the use of this combination in people with early macular degeneration.

Is PreserVision safe to take?

A. Yes. PreserVision is very dangerous to people who take it. The vitamins in PreserVision are at doses way above the recommended amount.

Does PreserVision Areds 2 have side effects?

Who should not take Areds 2?

Because the original AREDS trial established that the formulation does not benefit people with no AMD or early AMD, the AREDS2 trial was limited to people with intermediate AMD in both eyes, or intermediate AMD in one eye and advanced AMD in the other eye.

What are the side effects from Preservision?

Very upset stomach or throwing up. Severe diarrhea. Very bad constipation. Muscle weakness.

Can Areds be harmful?

Yet some nutritionists caution that the AREDS formula, which is recommended indefinitely for patients with the highest risk of developing advanced AMD, may cause health risks in some patients.

What are the side effects of Areds 2?

– Upset stomach or throwing up.
– Diarrhea.
– Constipation.

Are there any side effects to PreserVision Areds 2?

Very upset stomach or throwing up. Severe diarrhea. Very bad constipation. Muscle weakness.

Is AREDS2 safe to take?

The level of vitamin E in the AREDS 2 formula is fairly high and although in the study it was shown to be a safe dosage, additional vitamin E may lead to some unwanted side effects. One analysis found an increased risk of death at doses over 400 IU/day.

What are the side effects of PreserVision?

Very upset stomach or throwing up. Severe diarrhea. Very bad constipation. Muscle weakness.

Are there any side effects to Preservision Areds 2?

Very upset stomach or throwing up. Severe diarrhea. Very bad constipation. Muscle weakness.

What is the best supplement for eyesight?

– Lutein and zeaxanthin. Lutein and Zeaxanthin are carotenoids.
– Zinc. Also found naturally in your eyes, zinc is a powerful antioxidant that protects against cell damage.
– Vitamin B1 (thiamine) Vitamin B1 is essential for the health of your eyes.
– Omega-3 fatty acids.
– Vitamin C.

Does Areds 2 really work?

Currently the AREDS and AREDS2 formulas are the only available treatments proven to be effective for intermediate-to-severe dry AMD. Dozens of “eye vitamins” and “ocular supplements” containing these ingredients have been marketed for AMD and eye health in recent decades.

Does PreserVision really help your eyes?

Does PreserVision really help your eyes?

How good is PreserVision?

What are the side effects of PreserVision Areds 2?

Very upset stomach or throwing up. Severe diarrhea. Very bad constipation. Muscle weakness.

PreserVision Eye Vitamin & Mineral Supplements : Bausch + Lomb

PreserVision AREDS and AREDS 2 formulas are based on the landmark, independent Age-Related Eye Disease
Studies (AREDS and AREDS2).

Visit PreserVision.com to learn more:

PreserVision Eye Vitamin AREDS 2 Formula

PreserVision AREDS 2 Formula builds on the original, clinically proven PreserVision
AREDS Formula, with lutein and zeaxanthin replacing beta-carotene based on evidence from the National
Eye Institute’s Age-Related Eye Disease Study 2 (AREDS2).

PreserVision Eye Vitamin AREDS 2 Formula Chewables

The PreserVision AREDS 2 Formula in a convenient, great-tasting, mixed berry chewable.

PreserVision AREDS 2 Formula + Multivitamin

A convenient 2-in-1 formula that combines the benefits of PreserVision AREDS 2 Formula plus
essential vitamins and nutrients found in daily multivitamins* making it simpler for your patients to
take their supplements by reducing the number of pills taken each day.

PreserVision Eye Vitamin AREDS Formula Soft Gels

This 2 per day soft gel format is based on the original Bausch +
Lomb PreserVision eye vitamin AREDS Formula (tablets) that was tested and proven
effective in the National Eye Institute’s Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS)*.

PreserVision Eye Vitamin Lutein Formula Soft Gels

Convenient to take, 2 per day soft gel format, AREDS-based formula that replaces beta-carotene with
lutein. For your patients who should avoid beta-carotene, such as current or former smokers.

PreserVision Eye Vitamin AREDS Formula Tablets

The original Bausch + Lomb PreserVision eye vitamin AREDS Formula—the actual supplement tested
and proven effective in the National Eye Institute’s Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS)*. 4 tablets
per day format.

*These statements have not
been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose,
treat, cure or prevent any disease.

AREDS and AREDS2 are registered trademarks of the United States Department of Health and Human Services (HHS).

† Based on the AREDS and AREDS2 clinical studies.

PVN.0069.USA.21

Side Effects Of Preservision Areds 2

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PreserVision AREDS 2 Side Effects: Common, Severe, Long

4 hours ago PreserVision AREDS 2 Side Effects. Generic name: multivitamin with minerals Note: This document contains side effect information about multivitamin with minerals. Some of the dosage forms listed on this page may not apply to the brand name PreserVision AREDS 2.. Applies to multivitamin with minerals: oral tablet

Website: https://www.drugs.com/sfx/preservision-areds-2-side-effects.html

In the most comprehensive study to date on nutritional supplements and vision loss, the 10-year Age-Related Eye Disease Study, or AREDS, found that a certain combination of antioxidants and minerals significantly reduced the risk of permanent vision loss for some people with age-related macular degeneration, a leading cause of blindness. That dietary supplement mix — beta carotene, vitamins C and E, and zinc — was prepared by Bausch & Lomb especially for the study, which was funded largely by the NEI, part of the National Institutes of Health.

PreserVision is indeed good news for the millions of people (including 33 percent of those over age 75) who have age-related macular degeneration, a disease with few treatment options and a common cause of blindness. Patients with the condition often develop globular growths called drusen on their maculae, the retina’s region of maximum visual sensitivity. Over time, the retina’s cells die and more drusen form, slowly blurring vision to the point of blindness. The cause is unknown.

But that’s all the PreserVision formula did. The nutrient mix did not prevent the progression of macular degeneration for those patients in the beginning stages of the disease, said Frederick Ferris, director of clinical research at NEI and the chairman of the AREDS. Nor was it helpful in preventing cataracts, another age-related eye disease. And as the NEI stresses in its brochure and on its Web site, no food or dietary supplement has ever been shown to improve vision.

Ferris calls the research into the formula’s benefits “a huge step in the right direction,” given the fact that many Americans are popping all kinds of supplements without knowing the consequences. “We feel pretty good about bringing science to a field [dietary supplements] that hasn’t had a lot. But these are pharmacological doses, not food doses,” of the vitamins and minerals involved.

PreserVision contains, among other ingredients, 80 mg of zinc and 15 mg of beta carotene (which converts to vitamin A), six and three times the government’s daily recommended intake, respectively. The long-term risks of high doses of antioxidants are not known, according to Lee Jampol, of the Department of Ophthalmology at Northwestern University Medical School in Chicago, whose editorial accompanied the published results of AREDS last year. Beta carotene may be associated with a higher risk of lung cancer in smokers and yellowing of the skin; zinc interferes with medications and may lead to a copper deficiency and stomach problems.

Many ophthalmologists do not recommend dietary supplements for people in the early stages of macular degeneration, let alone for baby boomers concerned that someday their healthy eyes might fail — and who may be tempted by PreserVision’s broad marketing claims. Even though a prescription is not needed for the supplement, a spokeswoman for Bausch & Lomb said the company has been very careful to advise consumers to ask their eye doctor if PreserVision is right for them.

Laws prohibit Bausch &Lomb from noting that Ocuvite PreserVision treats disease — but they allow the company to make a broader claim of benefits.
Aspirin in conservation: benefit or harm, effect on the body
In fact, the conservation of cucumbers and tomatoes can do without acetylsalicylic acid. Any other acid is suitable for this.
Both traditional and modern cooking offer many safe winter options that are equally effective preservatives.
These include:
classic vinegar;
apple cider vinegar;
citric acid;
sour juices (lemon, currant, lingonberry).
These natural preservatives are just as good as aspirin, but they do not cause such side effects. However, people with diabetes, stomach ulcers, gastritis with high acidity and hypertension are still not advised to consume such acidic foods.
Instead of them, you can put mustard seeds in preservation, they help to keep the shape and attractive appearance of cucumbers, tomatoes and other vegetables. They should be added strictly in the proportions indicated in the recipe, otherwise they can impart bitterness to canned foods.
Also read about what happens to the body during the summer heat. It’s literally a collapse! It turns out that high temperatures can cause not only heatstroke, but worse. And the temperature unfavorable for the body starts far from 30 degrees. But there are 5 ways to survive the heat easily even away from the air conditioner.
By the way, it is believed that in summer sunscreen with SPF becomes a real salvation for the skin. Cosmetologists unanimously recommend using face creams with an SPF filter.But we, the team of Medmaret Apteka24, wondered if sunscreens are really that useful and provide such effective protection? And we found out that everything is not quite the way it is presented to us in advertising. To find out more, read our article on what SPF is and how to choose the right sunscreen to really benefit.
apteka24. ua – the first online pharmacy you can trust.
This editorial has been verified for accuracy by a doctor at the Medical Plaza – Nevtrinos Vitalia Alexandrovna.
Sources
Aspirin / Drags.com
Aspirin / State Registry of Likarskie Troops of Ukraine
Effect of Aspirin on All-Cause Mortality in the Healthy Elderly / The New England Journal of Medicine
Toxicological Profile for Phenol / ATSDR
Uses, benefits, and risks of aspirin / MedicalNewsToday
Aspirin for pain relief / NHS
Aspirin Tablet / WebMD
Disclaimer
apteka24.ua provides comprehensive and reliable information on medicine, health and well-being, however, only your doctor can make a diagnosis and choose a treatment method! Self-medication can be unsafe for your health. apteka24.ua is not responsible for possible negative consequences arising from the use of information posted on the site by users of apteka24. ua.
Preservation and preparation of a motorcycle for winter
In our country, due to weather conditions, it is not possible to operate a motorcycle all year round.Therefore, at the end of each season, the motorcycle owner is faced with the question of how to prepare the equipment for winter storage. Easier when there is a warm and dry garage. In this case, preparation will not take much time.
What is the threat if you do not preserve the motorcycle for winter and store it in a cold garage
In the case when there is no warm and dry garage, you need to take care of the safety of the iron horse. If this is not done, then the opening of the season may significantly shift due to breakdowns, which could have been eliminated by properly preparing the motorcycle for winter storage.
The fact is that the lack of preparation for winter storage negatively affects the components and assemblies of motorcycles. First of all, the electrical system, the fuel system and the exterior are affected.
All photos are the real state of motorcycle components, in cases where the equipment was not prepared for storage.
How to properly preserve a motorcycle for winter.Prep Instruction:
Preparation for winter storage can be divided into stages.
This requires an understanding of the scope of work.
Stage 1. Stage one – preparatory!
“A clean motorcycle rides faster!”
The motorcycle is put into winter storage only in a clean and dry state.
A clean motorcycle shows all the problems that can be eliminated by conservation.
Procedure 1. Clean, dry motorcycle parts are less susceptible to corrosion and oxidation.
A distinctive feature of motor vehicles is the openness of components and assemblies. When carrying out the procedure, this factor must be taken into account. Car wash compounds may not always be useful for a motorcycle. To wash your motorcycle, you need to choose an effective yet neutral chemistry that is compatible with all the parts installed on the bike.Do not get carried away with high pressure washers. Better to carry out the procedure manually. It is best to choose products of well-known brands for washing and maintenance, they have proven to be effective and safe means. For example, LIQUI MOLY company. The company initially entered the market as a manufacturer of car cosmetics and equipment care products. The experience gained over the years allows the company to offer high-quality products to car and motorcycle enthusiasts and guarantee a consistently high result of their application.
But back to the motorcycle conservation. You can use the Motorbike Cleaner to wash your motorcycle. This product perfectly removes dirt and is recommended for manual cleaning, which indicates its complete safety both for parts and for the hands of the owner. After washing the motorcycle, let it dry.
Procedure 2. Preparation of the exterior.
Motorcycle exterior elements are made up of various material combinations.Chrome, plastic, aluminum, various rubber bands, or leather products. It is easy to wash, the motorcycle is not enough, it takes an attentive approach to the details. Parts made of chrome must be treated with a special agent for shine and, most importantly, protection. We recommend using the Chrom-Glanz-Creme polish for chrome surfaces. The polish gently cleans chromium from plaque, protects it from environmental influences, without even giving a chance to develop corrosion.
Plastic parts also need attention.If the painted plastic can still be polished with car polishes for paint and varnish surfaces, then in the case of black (utilitarian) plastic, a special approach is required. The fact is that black plastic is exposed to ultraviolet radiation and over time begins to lose color and become fragile. This can be avoided by processing with special compounds for black plastic. Such a composition from the LIQUI MOLY company is called Kunststoff Wie Neu (schwarz).The concentrated composition of the product gives the product an optimal appearance in one treatment. Provides excellent protection against harmful environmental influences and UV radiation.
When caring for rubber products (linings, seals, tubes), silicone-containing preparations must be used. They come either in the form of a spray or in special tubes. Which one to choose is a matter of habit and convenience. LIQUI MOLY offers both colorless Silicon-Spray or Silicon-Fett.Silicone treatment protects rubber and plastic parts from drying out and UV exposure.
If the motorcycle has exterior leather trim parts, it is recommended to use Motorbike Leder-Kombi-Pflege leather care product. Removes impurities, cares, gives an elegant appearance, prevents the passage of water. Makes the skin softer, prevents aging and coarseness during use and storage, gives gloss.Prevents the formation of mold, eliminates musty odors.
Stage 2. Service of units (engine, transmission, chassis, brakes).
The appearance is very important for the technique. But do not forget that without an engine, a motorcycle turns into a scooter.
1. Engine
When storing the motorcycle for winter storage, a complete inspection of the external condition of the engine must be carried out. There should be no drips, fogging and dirt.If any of the above problem is found, it must be eliminated. It is highly recommended to change the engine oil. This is due to the fact that during storage the oil will oxidize, and by the beginning of the season it will lose some of its operational properties. The oil on which the season was rolled is more prone to this, since it is already contaminated with oxidation products, fuel and wear products. The choice of oil depends primarily on the recommendations of the motorcycle manufacturer. The manufacturer indicates which viscosity and specification to use for the engine of a particular motorcycle.Well, the choice of the oil manufacturer remains on the conscience of the owner. Although today there are not so many famous brands that produce a full line of products for motorcycles. LIQUI MOLY is one of the leading manufacturers in this market segment. The range of products allows you to select products for any need. For example, the line of motor oils is divided not only by viscosity characteristics, but also by the classification of motor vehicles. The motor owner only has to choose a product on the shelf. The range of motor oils can be found at the link.
When storing the engine, it is recommended to pay attention to the details of the CPG. The engine must be preserved from the inside. This can be done using a special aerosol produced by LIQUI MOLY, an internal preservative for the Motor Innenkonservierer engine.
2. Transmission (main gear).
Depending on the type of drive, a different approach to its maintenance is possible.
· Type one: belt. This drive type is one of the least expensive to maintain. The fact is that the belt is one of the simplest and most reliable types of drive. The main thing is to monitor the condition of the belt and change it in time. Its increased wear, tears and cracks must not be allowed.
· Type two: chain. This is probably the most common type of final drive on a motorcycle. It is distinguished by reliability, service life and versatility.The chain drive is installed on various types and brands of motorcycles. The main rule is to monitor the condition of the chain and lubricate it periodically. Already gone are the days when the Kulibins were not used as a lubricant. Now the choice of chain lubricants is huge. Depending on its type of motorcycle power and the wishes of the motorcycle owner, you can choose the best option.
When putting into winter storage, it is imperative to inspect the condition of the chain. It is necessary to clean it from contamination.To do this, you can use: Motorbike Ketten-Reiniger motorcycle drive chain cleaner. The cleaner quickly and gently removes old grease, grease, dirt, dust and sand from the surface. Evaporates quickly, does not damage seals. Recommended to use before applying fresh grease. The main advantage of the purifier is its safety. The fact is that the seals of the modern drive chain are very demanding on cleaners and do not tolerate the use of aggressive solvents. After cleaning, the chain must be lubricated.The lubricant must be selected in accordance with the motorcycle manufacturer’s requirements. Each class has its own lubricants.
The range of chain lubricants is the most complete and allows you to select the required lubricant.
· Type three: cardan transmission. The installation of a universal joint on a motorcycle is usually due to design features associated with the layout of the power unit and the power characteristics of the motorcycle.When using the cardan shaft, there is practically no limitation on the power of the torque, and, most importantly, it is a significant service life of the unit. With proper operation and timely replacement of the transmission oil, the motorcycle gearbox practically does not break. It is imperative to monitor the oil seals and seals of the gearbox, and when putting into winter storage, it is advisable to change the oil. The oil in the motorcycle gearbox is selected in accordance with the service book. Pay attention to the viscosity characteristics and the API protection class.The line of gear oils for motorcycles is presented here.
3. Chassis
The front fork of a motorcycle, in contrast to the shock absorbers of a car, has one significant difference, it must be serviced. When preparing for winter storage, it is imperative to inspect the condition of the oil seals and seals, check the fork feathers for scuffs and scuffs, if possible, replace the oil.The fact is that the oil in the plug experiences maximum loads during operation. Over time, it loses its properties. The selection of oil for the plug is made only in accordance with the instructions for a particular motorcycle. Many people try to change the settings of the motorcycle by choosing an oil. Do not get carried away with this.
The LIQUI MOLY company offers on the market the maximum range of oils for reels of various viscosities. One of the special features is that all reel oils in the range are synthetic.This guarantees long-term and high-quality operation of the reel in the most extreme conditions.
4. Electrical equipment
A modern motorcycle is an engineering idea embodied in metal. However, it is not only the engine and transmission that allows the modern motorcycle to move. A modern electronic motorcycle control system is like a high-performance computer and the slightest electrical failure can damage all electronics.It is imperative to carry out a comprehensive check of the electrical equipment. Check the connection points of the contacts, the operation of the generator and the condition of the battery. If oxides are found, they must be removed. It is not always convenient to do this mechanically; you can use the Kontaktreiniger contact cleaner. After cleaning, use a protective agent – Electronic-Spray for electrical wiring – to prevent corrosion in the connectors of the motorcycle’s electrical equipment.The tool perfectly lubricates contacts, removes oxides, reliably protects against corrosion. After all procedures, it is necessary to check the performance of the electrician and remove the battery.
5. Tank and fuel equipment
It remains only to properly prepare the tank and fuel equipment for the winter. The main rule is that the tank should not be empty. The fuel in the tank should be under the cap. Air oxidizes the fuel and renders it unusable. In addition, modern gasoline is less stable in storage; for safety, it is recommended to use the Motorbike Benzin Stabilisator gasoline stabilizer.The additive slows down the oxidative processes in the fuel. Provides a long-lasting anti-corrosion protective layer of polar molecules on all metal surfaces in contact with fuel.
Advice from an additive pro

David Kaiser as Head of Forschungs and Development at Liqui Moy,
Does the chemist know exactly the effect of gasoline stabilizers, the risks and side effects? Answers in an interview with Motorrad magazine (Germany).
How does the gasoline stabilizer affect what happens inside?
It is a carrier fluid of antioxidants, comparable to vitamin E for the body.Corrosion protection consists of molecules that are adsorbed on metal surfaces and form a very thin molecular layer that adheres very well. This prevents water from contacting the surface.
Is there no special additives in premium gasoline?
The quality of the fuel is defined in the European Gasoline Fuel Standard EN 228, but as soon as the fuel leaves the refinery, aging begins and, like food, gasoline has a limited shelf life.Among the additives: often gasoline already contains antioxidants as well as cleaning additives. However, all this is usually in a lower concentration.
Additives such as a gasoline stabilizer are tested in the laboratory and on Liqui Moly test vehicles and are approved prior to market launch
TOTAL
All the procedures carried out in preparation for winter storage can significantly reduce the preparation time for the motorcycle for the opening of the season and reduce the risk of breakage during operation.

Alloplant
Alloplant is the development of Russian scientists headed by Ernst Muldashev. Alloplant is a unique biomaterial that stimulates the affected tissues and organs to regenerate on their own. The process of self-healing takes place due to tissue regeneration, enhanced growth of new healthy cells.
The scientific results obtained by the team of the All-Russian Center for Eye and Plastic Surgery and their practical implementation made it possible, on the basis of the Alloplant transplant technology, to develop the concept of regenerative surgery.
Many years of experience in experimental and clinical use is a convincing confirmation of their effect on the regeneration of various tissues and anatomical structures.
This promising area opens up possibilities for the treatment of widespread autoimmune, hereditary and vascular diseases. When using various types of Alloplant biomaterials, it is possible to stimulate the regeneration of blood and lymphatic vessels, cornea, sclera, skin, conjunctiva, nerves, liver parenchyma, gastrointestinal mucosa, etc.e. Over the past two decades, Alloplant has been successfully used in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy, retinopathy of prematurity, retinitis pigmentosa, optic nerve atrophy and neuritis, uveitis, retinal vein thrombosis, leucorrhoea, trauma, keratitis, myopia, tumors (great experience has been accumulated in alloplasty during resection basal cell carcinoma, neurofibromatosis), burns and birth defects. Alloplant is widely used in ophthalmology, plastic surgery, dentistry, chest surgery, neurosurgery, proctology, orthopedics, traumatology, liver surgery, gynecology, etc.d.
Control over the production of Alloplant biomaterials The Russian Ministry of Health approved the widespread clinical use of the Alloplant transplant material (Registration Certificate No. 901 of 07.22.1987). Alloplant is included in the General Classification of Biological Products and is approved for wide clinical use. Specification No. 42-2-537-93 (Ministry of Health of Russia, registration number 056/003230 dated 05.17.1993). The collection of donor cadaveric material is carried out in accordance with the Law of the Russian Federation “On organ and tissue transplantation” No. 4181-1 of 22.11.1992.
Before entering production, the biomaterial undergoes mandatory testing for AIDS, hepatitis B, hepatitis C and syphilis. In addition to these types of tests, we use the following types of control at various stages of production:
Morphological
Biomechanical
Macroscopic and Microscopic
Polarized Optical
Histochemical
Bacteriological
The developed technologies for processing and preserving biomaterials, methods of their control guarantee sterility, preservation of structure and plastic properties for 5 years.Storage at room temperature.
Alloplant for acupuncture and intra-articular injection
A crushed alloproduct is made, which is injected through the finest needles (injection).
With the introduction of alloplant into biologically active points, the state of homeostasis, general regulatory mechanisms of metabolic processes are normalized, the protective functions of the body increase, and regeneration processes are activated. In general, the body reacts with increased production of its own stem cells, improved immunity, and resorption of scar tissue.Unlike other drugs, alloplant does not irritate the tissues at the injection site, so the procedure is almost painless.
Restoration of the affected structures of the joints (arthrosis, arthritis, meniscosis, etc.), due to repeated activation of blood flow, restoration of the joint capsule with normalization of the production of intra-articular fluid (lubricating and nourishing the cartilaginous cover), restoration of the cartilaginous cover of the joint.
The introduction of these types of alloplant is carried out in the form of an independent method of treatment, or in the complex therapy of organic diseases (visual, central nervous, respiratory, cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, digestive systems), functional disorders (metabolic processes in the liver, intestines, endocrine disorders and nervous systems), immunodeficiency states of the body.
The method is successfully used to treat neurodermatitis, eczema, psoriasis, furunculosis, alopecia, trophic ulcers, bedsores, burns and other skin lesions.
It has been noticed that acupuncture with the use of alloplant helps the body to recover faster from fractures and injuries of the musculoskeletal system, to heal from arthrosis and diseases of the spine.
In addition, diseases of the respiratory organs and the gastrointestinal tract (including chronic gastritis, stomach ulcers, chronic hepatitis) are cured in this way.
The application of the described method in the complex therapy of eye diseases and chronic inflammatory diseases of the genital area, infertility and adhesions, periodontal disease, infectious and oncological diseases is also shown.
Moreover, experts note an exceptional cosmetic effect: scars, stretch marks and wrinkles disappear, and the aging process of the skin slows down.
Main advantages of alloplant
Alloplant makes it possible to treat diseases that are considered “hopeless”. It provokes the body to increase the production of its own healthy cells, suppresses inflammation, and stimulates the immune system.
quickly relieves swelling and inflammation
has a long-lasting healing effect (dissolves in the body slowly, retaining its healing effect for up to six months)
does not cause allergic reactions and addiction, as well as side effects, as medication
has a wide range of applications due to its universal healing effect at the cellular level: from cosmetology to the treatment of serious diseases.Including the indisputable use of alloplant in the treatment of diseases of the joints and spine.
the procedure is practically painless (slight discomfort can be felt only at the injection site)
leaves no scars
Treatment with alloplant is carried out by the course. Depending on the disease and complexity.
Alloplant has a beneficial effect on the functioning of the immune system. It not only enhances local immunity, but also serves as a kind of immunomodulator.Alloplant is also used in aesthetic medicine. The unique biomaterial can treat baldness, eliminate scars, wrinkles, skin laxity. Thanks to the alloplant, the processes of natural aging of the body are slowed down, and a colossal cosmetic effect arises.
When the methods of reflexology and drug treatment are combined, the overall therapeutic effect is enhanced. Acupuncture in combination with alloplant can give significant results, especially in the treatment of severe diseases.
Functional principle
The drug is not rejected by the body and can be in the tissues for a long time, dissolving gradually. There is an effect of long-term stimulation of bioactive points. Prolonged exposure teaches the organ to work normally. The drug carries the information of a healthy cell about how to function “correctly”. The process of self-regulation starts, local immunity increases.
Alloplant injection is almost painless, does not cause scars and allergies.
Alloplant is approved by the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. Currently, biomaterials of the Alloplant series are supplied to more than 500 clinics in Russia and the CIS countries, as well as to a number of foreign medical institutions.
Food hydrostat. High pressure food processing.
Food hydrostat. High pressure food processing.

What is High Pressure Product Processing (HPP)?
High pressure processing allows food to be preserved gently without additives or heating.To do this, a pressure of 6,000 bar is applied to the products, which is about the weight of three giant planes acting on an area the size of a smartphone. Food in special baskets is fed into a pressure vessel. Then it is moved to the car and filled with water. The pumps increase the pressure in the tank, which is applied immediately and evenly, without exerting an obvious crushing effect on the products. Once completed, the pressure is relieved and your product has a much longer shelf life and maximum safety.
2. How does high pressure processing work?
Products in flexible and waterproof packaging are transported in plastic baskets to a pressure vessel. Water is poured into the HPP vessel and pumped to a pressure of 6,000 bar. Acting instantly and evenly through the bulk of the food or regardless of size, geometry and composition, isostatic pressure has no obvious crushing effect on the food.High isostatic pressure inactivates foodborne microorganisms and spoilage enzymes in minutes, minimizing food loss. After the high pressure treatment, the vessel is depressurized and the water is drained. The products in the baskets are taken out of the container and are ready to eat!
3.How does high pressure processing of food preserve food?
Since high pressure eliminates many food-damaging organisms and can inactivate microorganisms, decay processes are significantly slowed down, and in some cases even prevented.For example, some fruits no longer turn brown. Flavors and vitamins, on the other hand, are composed of very small molecules and do not belong to the group of weak bonds. They are not damaged and remain intact. High pressure processing has proven to be particularly effective for fruit and meat products. Although even very sensitive products in their final packaging are subjected to this pressure, their appearance and consistency remain unchanged after processing.
4.Is HPP safe for pregnant women?
HPP food is safe and recommended for pregnant women! The food pathogen Listeria monocytogenes, which can cause a condition called listeriosis, is 20 times more likely to cause illness in pregnant women and their newborns, older adults, and people with weakened immune systems. Listeriosis can lead to miscarriage or premature birth, internal diseases, skin problems, respiratory problems, and neonatal spasms.Listeria can be found in raw meat or fish, vegetables contaminated with fertilizers, and unpasteurized dairy products and ready-to-eat meals. HPP at 6,000 bar in just 5 minutes reduces Listeria levels below detection level and inhibits their growth during food storage. At the same time, the food retains its fresh taste and all the key nutrients for a healthy pregnancy.
5. Is product handling HPP safe?
There is nothing safer when it comes to food preservation! Food preservation has been a human goal for thousands of years.Humans have developed countless methods and techniques to preserve food, kill germs and bacteria, and preserve flavor and vitamins. While older methods, such as smoking and canning, extended the shelf life of foods, there were many unintended side effects to be tolerated: the food could not be confidently assumed to be fresh and germ-free. High pressure treatment is a method that eliminates all these disadvantages. While unwanted microorganisms can survive even in extreme heat or cold conditions, microbes and bacteria are susceptible to changing pressure conditions and can be eliminated by pressure.The result: a much longer shelf life and maximum product safety, which means more satisfied customers.
6. How does pressure deactivate bacteria?
HPP disrupts cellular functions such as DNA replication, transcription, translation, even at lower pressures (≤100 MPa), which prevents bacterial growth. At higher pressures, microorganisms begin to suffer fatal injuries due to the loss of the integrity of the cell membrane and the functionality of the protein.The most sensitive to pressure are molds, yeasts and parasites. To inactivate common bacteria, a higher pressure is required (300-600 MPa). The most pressure-sensitive are bacterial spores, which have been found to withstand pressures up to 1200 MPa at room temperature.
7. When was high pressure food processing invented?
Food preservation has been a human problem for millennia. Humans have developed countless methods and techniques to preserve their food, protect against germs and bacteria, and preserve flavor and vitamins.Methods such as canning and smoking were early methods of extending the shelf life of foods, but with side effects. This changed in June 1899 when Bert Holmes Hite (1866-1921), a researcher at the University of West Virginia (USA), first demonstrated the inactivation of microorganisms using high hydrostatic pressure. It was the first document on pressure used as a method of preserving food. This was followed by intensive research into HPP, which led to the design and manufacture of the first commercial units in the early 1990s.It all started with fruit jams in Japan, and soon after, HPP processed orange juice was offered in French supermarkets. Since then, the number of uses of HPP has steadily increased – from preservation to structural changes in food products and the production of value-added products.
8. What types of food can be processed with HPP?
HPP can be used to preserve a wide variety of foods with a high moisture content, including: solid, liquid or semi-liquid foods.Generally, a minimum moisture content of 40% is recommended for effective microbial inactivation. Suitable for HPP preservation:
semi-solid or solid foods with low to medium moisture content, vacuum-packed (sausages, jerky, cooked meats, cheeses, seafood, pickled foods, sauces) • solid foods with a high moisture content in plastic cups or bags (fruit jams, marmalade, compotes, mashed potatoes)
liquid food products with high moisture content in plastic bottles (dairy products, fruit and vegetable juices, bioactive drinks).Foods with trapped air (bread, cakes, mousses, strawberries, marshmallows, leafy vegetables) or with insufficient moisture content (powders, dried fruits, spices) will be chopped or compacted under high pressure.
9. Which product packaging is suitable for HPP?
At a high pressure of 6,000 bar, the product and packaging undergo a temporary 15% reduction in volume, which is canceled when the pressure is released. HPP packaging must have sufficient elasticity on at least one side to transmit pressure and allow a volume reduction of up to 19% without losing seal integrity or barrier properties.PET, PE, PP and EVOH plastic bottles, bags, cups and trays (or combinations thereof) work very well with HPP due to their good waterproof properties and flexibility. Glass, metal, rigid plastic containers, cardboard packaging made of plasticized cardboard are subject to irreversible deformation or tend to break when compressed. Vacuum and Modified Atmosphere (MAP) packaging works very well with HPP. If labeling is required prior to HPP, suitable labeling technologies are shrink, in-mold or indirect relief printing.Polyethylene and polypropylene labels combined with flexographic and digital offset printing can work with HPP.
10. Does HPP work with a product packaged in Modified Media (MAP)?
Modified Atmosphere Packaging (MAP) maintains a fresh look and prolongs the shelf life of products. Suitable gas mixtures, typically CO2 and N2 or O2, are used to remove air and adjust the oxygen level in the package to suit product requirements prior to sealing.Using MAP with HPP is possible and can be useful for extending shelf life. The gaseous headspace (30-50%) in the MAP results in a greater volume reduction at high pressure compared to vacuum packaging. Under high pressure, inert gas molecules are sporadically absorbed by the packaging film. The rapid release of pressure after high pressure treatment results in a sudden increase in the volume of gas molecules. With the rapid expansion of the gas, the resulting mechanical stress on the layers of the packaging film from the product side causes local microdefects that impair the appearance and functional characteristics of the package.Our HPP technology provides controlled and gentle gas release to ensure package integrity and product safety.
11. How does high pressure product processing (HPP) affect shelf life?
The effect of HPP on shelf life extension depends on process and product parameters. High pressures and longer holding times usually tend to inactivate microbes and reduce enzyme activity. Water activity, pH value, fat or carbohydrate content can affect the resistance of microorganisms to baroresistance.Therefore, the effect of HPP on the inactivation of the same microorganism can vary from product to product. Storage temperature after HPP is also a factor that can affect product shelf life. HPP can extend shelf life up to 10x compared to untreated fresh food. In industrial practice, the pressure level and holding time are optimized to ensure maximum safety without compromising the organoleptic and functional properties of the product.
12. How long is the HPP processing cycle?
Commercial HPPs are carried out as a batch process. Typical holding times are 3 to 5 minutes depending on the food to be preserved. The pressure build-up depends on the pumping system used and the target pressure to process the product. For commercial applications, moderately high pressure approx. 3000 bar is used for hulling oysters or crustacean meat, and 6000 bar is used for preserving and extending the shelf life of products.More pumps and lower pressure treatments result in faster pressure build-up. The depressurization rate usually takes a few seconds unless other conditions are required, such as in the case of high pressure processing for MAP or biological applications. For commercial purposes and release estimates, the time taken to load and unload the product must be taken into account. The level of automation of product loading and unloading into perforated baskets will have a significant impact on productivity and production costs.
13. What degree of filling is required to work with HPP?
Pressure vessel fill level is one of the key factors in processing productivity and cost. Higher filling rates can be achieved through the use of proper packaging design that includes dimensions, shape and type of packaging (MAP, vacuum, PET bottles). Higher filling levels are achieved by using larger packs or bottles with a square or hexagonal profile.With 30-50% free space, MAP packages take up more volume in the container compared to vacuum packages, which means a lower degree of filling. Packaging flexibility, that is, using bags instead of cups, can also improve packaging efficiency.
14. What are the main benefits of processing HPP products?
Products are processed in their final packaging, which minimizes the risk of recontamination at any stage of the production chain.Hydrostatic pressure acts instantly and evenly throughout the product. Provides careful and thoughtful handling of food. No heat is used, so the nutrients, bioactive ingredients and flavor of the food are preserved. HPP effectively inactivates harmful microorganisms and enzymes, which increases the shelf life up to 10 times. The longer shelf life of fresh produce makes it easier to spread and reduces waste in the supply chain. HPP can improve performance, improve appearance and add value to products (bivalve molluscs).High pressure changes the structure of proteins and hydrocolloids, helping to create new products or to improve the texture, functionality and therapeutic properties of products. The use of HPP eliminates preservatives, resulting in clean label products.
Juices
10 times longer shelf life. Freshly squeezed taste.
Fruit products
Fruit products: zero compromise in vitamins, appearance and taste.
Meat products
Maximum product safety. High quality meat products.
Ready meals
6 times longer shelf life, tastier than ever: ready meals.
Dairy products
Fresh, natural and durable: dairy products.
Seafood
Significantly longer shelf life. Premium seafood.
Raw pet food (BARF)
The HPP process is the benchmark for food preservation.
Use high pressure processing for food preservation and open up new possibilities for the food industry.
Dimexide
PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES:
Anti-inflammatory drug for external use, inactivates hydroxyl radicals, improves metabolic processes in the focus of inflammation. It also has a local anesthetic, analgesic and antimicrobial effect; has a moderate fibrinolytic activity.Penetrates through the skin, mucous membranes, the membrane of microbial cells (increases their sensitivity to antibiotics) and other biological membranes, increases their permeability to drugs.
Indications for use
As part of complex therapy: diseases of the musculoskeletal system: rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis (ankylosing spondylitis), deforming osteoarthritis, reactive synovitis; limited scleroderma, erythema nodosum, discoid lupus erythematosus, mycoses of the feet, keloid scars, thrombophlebitis, alopecia, eczema, erysipelas; bruises, sprains, traumatic infiltrates; purulent wounds, burns, sciatica, trophic ulcers, acne, furunculosis, in skin plastic surgery – preservation of skin homografts.
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity, severe hepatic and / or renal failure, angina pectoris, severe atherosclerosis, glaucoma, cataract, stroke, coma, myocardial infarction, pregnancy, lactation period.
Dosage and administration
Skin, in the form of applications and irrigation (washing). In a solution of the required concentration, gauze napkins are moistened and applied to the affected areas for 20 – 30 minutes. A plastic wrap and cotton or linen cloth are applied over the napkin.The duration of the applications is 10-15 days.
In the treatment of erysipelas and trophic ulcers – in the form of a 30 – 50% solution of 50 – 100 ml 2 – 3 times a day.
For eczema, diffuse streptoderma – compresses with 40 – 90% solution. For local anesthesia for pain syndromes – 25 – 50% solution in the form of compresses, 100 – 150 ml 2 – 3 times a day.
For facial skin and other highly sensitive areas, 10 – 20 – 30% solutions are used.
In skin plastic surgery, dressings with a 10 – 20% solution are used on transplanted skin autografts and homografts immediately after operations and on the following days of the postoperative period until stable engraftment of the graft.
A 5% solution in Ringer’s solution is used as a preservative medium for storing skin homografts.
Less concentrated solutions wash purulent-necrotic and inflammatory foci and cavities.
Side effects
Allergic reactions, contact dermatitis, erythema, dry skin, slight burning sensation, itching dermatitis; rarely – bronchospasm.
If any of the side effects indicated in the instructions appear, or you notice any other side effects not listed in the instructions, inform your doctor.
Interaction with other drugs
Increases absorption and enhances the effect of ethanol, insulin and other drugs. Compatible with heparin, antibacterial agents, NSAIDs. Increases the sensitivity of microorganisms to aminoglycoside and beta-lactam antibiotics; chloramphenicol, rifampicin, griseofulvin.
Special instructions
Some patients smell garlic in the inhaled air. Before using the drug, it is necessary to test for tolerance to it.To do this, dimethyl sulfoxide is applied to the skin using a cotton swab soaked in it; the appearance of hyperemia and severe itching indicates hypersensitivity. During the period of treatment, care must be taken when driving vehicles and engaging in other potentially hazardous activities that require increased concentration of attention and speed of psychomotor reactions.
Release form
Concentrate for preparation of solution for external use in orange glass bottles of 50 or 100 ml.1 bottle with instructions for use in a cardboard box.
Storage conditions
Store in a dry, dark place. Keep out of the reach of children.
Expiry date
2 years. Do not use after the expiration date printed on the package.
History of canning | “Tabris”
There is a century-old history behind the homemade canned cucumbers in the jar.
Tutankhamun’s Duck
Today, every housewife can make canned food from whatever she wants.It seems that it is so easy to roll up a jar of green cucumbers for the winter. Since ancient times, meat, fish and vegetables have been salted, fermented and pickled. But they had a shelf life of six months at most. Habitual homemade preparations that preserve food for years have become possible thanks to a number of important scientific discoveries that have been made over thousands of years.
Finnish Kalekukko fish pie is also a kind of canned food. Under a dense crust of rye dough, the filling of fish and lard can be stored for about a month.
Mark Porcius Cato the Elder
The oldest officially recognized “canned foods” are considered Egyptian, namely, a resin-sealed earthen vessel with fried duck filled with olive oil and spices, found during the study of the pyramid of Tutankhamun. They say that after millennia, it has not lost its edibility. It is possible that this discovery of conservation in oil was a side effect of the quest for eternal life for the pharaohs. Ancient civilization was already purposefully looking for ways to preserve food, so that it would be convenient to trade and deliver them to all corners of the world known at that time.The method of canning was fixed for the descendants of the Roman Senator Mark Porcius Cato the Elder.
“If you want to have grape juice all year round,” the venerable senator wrote almost 2200 years ago, “pour it into the amphora, grind the cork and lower the amphora into the pool. Take it out after thirty days. The juice will last for a whole year. ”
Thank you, France
For many centuries, people could not understand why food spoils and how to keep them fit for food. In search of an answer, the Irish Abbot Nigdem began to study the multiplication of microorganisms in sealed containers.He was able to stop food spoilage for several days. And the Italian Spallatsiani brought the shelf life to two weeks. But the Frenchman Nicolas Apper succeeded in canning. By decree of Napoleon in 1809, for the needs of the army going on a campaign against Russia, the scientist created a batch of canned food in their modern sense. He put the broth, jam and fried meat in boiled glass and iron containers, which he closed tightly and then boiled them again in water for several hours. Moreover, he was the first to add salt to the water in order to raise its boiling point from 100 ° C to 135 ° C.Opening the cans eight months later, Upper found the food was excellently preserved.
As a recognition for the discovery, Napoleon personally presented Nicolas Apper with a reward of 12,000 francs, and he disposed of it quite logically – he opened a factory for the production of canned food and a shop called “Various food in bottles and boxes.”
Louis Pasteur
The French soldiers who ate pot-au-faye boiled beef soup, bean melange with champignons and consomme were lucky.Almost a hundred years later, Louis Pasteur finally found out that food deteriorates due to organisms invisible to the eye. Since then, the essence of canning has been to destroy microbes in harvested products. To do this, they began to add not only salt to the blanks, but also citric acid, since in an acidic environment bacteria feel at least uncomfortable and rarely survive.
19 815 kg canned Bonduelle peas were sold in one year. This is the most popular type of canned food in the Tabris supermarket chain.
From turtles to stew
For many years, canned food in the United States has been a cult product. So, the famous comic book hero sailor Popeye received his magic power from a can of spinach, and Andy Warhol devoted his works to canned tomato soup.
Tin sealed cans for canned food were first patented by the Englishman Peter Durand in 1810. In Britain, he canned milk, meat and soups, including tortoiseshell, the fame of which reached Russia only in 1821. Eight years later, Sir Durand registered a patent in America, where he quickly established the production of gourmet lobster, tuna and a variety of fruits.By the way, it was there that the beloved Russian condensed milk was first preserved. American Gail Borden founded a cannery in Connecticut, where he made whole milk, condensed with sugar. At a time when few people knew about bacteria, but many suffered from their action, condensed milk guaranteed safety, and housewives in stores demanded only “Borden milk”.
The diameter of the tin can – 76 mm – corresponds to the caliber of the divisional gun.
It was possible to solve the problem with preservation in cans on an industrial scale thanks to a seaming machine invented in 1881 by the Russian scientist Nikolai Benardos, famous for having invented arc welding.
Russian canned food began to be produced for the needs of the army. The first cannery was opened in 1870. Our soldiers were not fed as exquisitely as the French – fried beef, stews, porridge, meat with peas and pea soup. The main condition for army canned food was calorie content – the more satisfying the product was, the better. As soon as the technology of canning meat was mastered to perfection, they stopped frying it and began to stew it. One of the cans of stew, more precisely “Stewed Meat”, produced by the Petropavlovsk Cannery in 1916, turned out to be usable 50 90,073 years after the closure.
Bank in business
Domestic canning owes much to industrial canning. And first of all with a glass jar. The first industrialist to pack orange jam in glass jars was the Scotsman Gent Keiler. The shape of the vessel still differed from the usual one – they were transparent jugs, but with a wide neck. The factories began to produce containers familiar to us with the invention of pressed glass, and cans began to be used by resourceful housewives for homework.And with the advent of the screw cap in 1872, they have become a part of the everyday life of housewives.
Beet leaves are the secret of Armenian housewives, they are often added during conservation and salting to give other vegetables a pleasant pink hue.
In our country, in the middle of the 19th century, they also mastered the technology of machine “casting” cans. Vladikavkaz became the birthplace of mechanized glass container production, where it was decided to build a plant back in 1931. And the problem of a sealed lid for glass jars was solved thanks to Nikolai Makarov, the designer of that very pistol.Retired, at the request of his wife, he came up with a mechanism that pressed the lid to the jar with a spring clip.
Methods for preserving food
Sterilization: temperature about 100 ° C
Drying: no medium for bacterial growth
Fermentation: lactic acid
Marinating: temp plus acetic acid
Sugaring: aggressive environment for microbes
Salting: aggressive environment for microbes
Progressive packaging
Today, manufacturers often use lamister – lightweight packaging made of dense aluminum foil, which is conveniently opened thanks to the easy open lid.Another innovation has already conquered Japan and the United States. Retort bags made of special multilayer films ensure food isolation and sterilization at temperatures above 100 ° C. They allow observing the entire technological process, as well as reducing the production time, because their thermal sterilization takes place very quickly. But, despite the abundance of industrial products, home canning is experiencing a wave of popularity. After all, if earlier housewives in the implementation of their ideas were stopped by a technical question, now there are no restrictions, which means it’s time to stock up on summer gifts for the winter.
The Indians of South America, despite the abundance of fresh fruits and vegetables all year round, also made long-lasting preparations. Meat or fish was dried in the sun, ground between stones, the resulting powder was mixed with spices, pressed and stored in a delicacy called “pemmikan” in leather bags for more than six months. In approximately the same way, the indigenous inhabitants of Siberia prepared porsa – fish crushed into powder.
Aspirin is not for canning | News of Pavlovsk and Pavlovsk regions.
“My mom always cans cucumbers and tomatoes with aspirin. Isn’t that bad for your health? ”
Question by phone.
The therapist of the Pavlovsk CRH Boris Vladimirovich Butenko is answering.
Aspirin certainly has a preservative effect. This is due to the fact that an acidic environment is created in the solution, in which bacteria die. Accordingly, cucumbers do not spoil for a long time.That is why this method of salting vegetables is quite common.
However, it should be borne in mind that when aspirin is dissolved and kept in brine for a long time, a so-called phenolic compound is formed. It, of course, kills microbes, but is poisonous for the human body. Therefore, a committee of experts of the World Health Organization concluded that salicylic acid and its derivatives should not be added to food.
The problem is that aspirin is primarily a medicine.And it has not the most pleasant side effects. The addition of this substance to the brine is a direct threat to the kidneys. Frequent use of such canned food can cause a decrease in their excretory function. The work of the gastrointestinal tract is also disrupted.
Most people know that aspirin should not be taken on an empty stomach and that it must be taken with milk. This helps to reduce the harmful effects of the drug on the stomach lining. In brines, the “corrosive” properties of aspirin are preserved.
In addition, the use of aspirin as a dietary supplement leads to an increase in the body’s sensitivity to drugs containing acetylsalicylic acid.If you, for example, catch a cold and try to lower the temperature with aspirin, the effect will be low, and an allergic reaction may occur.

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