How does Prozac work. What are the common side effects of Prozac. When can patients expect to feel the effects of Prozac. How long does it take for Prozac to start working. Is Prozac an effective treatment for depression. What should patients know before starting Prozac.

The Basics of Prozac: An SSRI Antidepressant

Prozac, known generically as fluoxetine, is a widely prescribed antidepressant belonging to the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) class of medications. It works by increasing levels of serotonin, a neurotransmitter in the brain associated with mood regulation. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved Prozac for treating several conditions:

• Major depressive disorder
• Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
• Panic disorder
• Bulimia nervosa
• Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD)

Prozac is available as a generic medication, making it an affordable option for many patients. A month’s supply of fluoxetine typically costs less than $10 in the United States. The medication is usually taken once daily in the morning as an oral capsule.

The Timeline of Prozac’s Effects: What to Expect

When starting Prozac, patients often wonder how quickly they’ll notice improvements in their symptoms. While individual responses vary, research provides some insights into the typical timeline of Prozac’s effects:

Initial Effects (1-2 weeks)

Many patients report experiencing some changes within the first one to two weeks of treatment. These initial effects may include:

• Reduced anxiety levels
• Decreased restlessness
• Changes in energy levels (some may feel less tired, while others may experience increased fatigue)

Early Improvements (2-4 weeks)

As treatment continues, patients may notice more substantial improvements in various areas:

• Better sleep patterns
• Increased energy
• Improved appetite
• Enhanced focus on daily tasks

Full Response (6-8 weeks)

For many individuals, it can take up to 6-8 weeks to experience the full antidepressant effects of Prozac. This is particularly true for improvements in depressed mood.

Clinical Research on Prozac’s Onset of Action

A study published in the American Journal of Psychiatry provides valuable insights into the timeline of Prozac’s effects. Researchers evaluated 182 patients with major depression who were treated with 20 mg/day of fluoxetine for 8 weeks. The study’s findings include:

• 55.5% of patients who responded to Prozac began showing improvements by week two
• 24.7% of responders showed improvements by week five
• 9.3% of responders (35 patients) showed improvements by week six
• By week six, there was a 90% probability of having a response to Prozac treatment

However, it’s important to note that patients who didn’t show a response by weeks 4-6 had a 73% to 88% chance of not responding by week 8. This underscores the importance of regular follow-ups with healthcare providers to assess treatment efficacy.

Common Side Effects of Prozac: What Patients Should Know

Like all medications, Prozac can cause side effects. It’s crucial for patients to be aware of potential adverse effects, especially during the initial weeks of treatment. The most common side effects of Prozac, occurring in at least 10% of patients, include:

• Anorexia (loss of appetite)
• Anxiety
• Diarrhea
• Dry mouth (xerostomia)
• Headache
• Insomnia (trouble sleeping)
• Nausea
• Nervousness
• Sexual dysfunction
• Sore throat (pharyngitis)
• Tremor
• Weakness
• Yawning

Short-term vs. Long-term Side Effects

Many side effects of Prozac are temporary and often subside within the first few weeks of treatment. However, some effects may persist:

• Short-term effects: Insomnia, headache, and agitation often improve within 1-2 weeks.
• Long-term effects: Sexual dysfunction can be an ongoing issue, affecting up to 50% of patients.

Weight changes are not a common side effect of Prozac. Some patients may experience temporary weight loss, but significant weight gain is rare.

Managing Side Effects and Optimizing Treatment

To ensure the best possible outcomes with Prozac treatment, consider the following strategies:

1. Communicate with your healthcare provider regularly about any persistent side effects.
2. Do not stop taking Prozac abruptly without consulting your doctor, as this can lead to discontinuation symptoms.
3. Be patient during the initial weeks of treatment, as many side effects improve with time.
4. Discuss any sexual side effects with your healthcare provider, as there may be strategies to manage these issues.
5. Keep track of your symptoms and any changes you notice to help your doctor assess the medication’s effectiveness.

Prozac and Sleep: Understanding the Impact

Insomnia is a common side effect of Prozac, especially during the first few weeks of treatment. This can be particularly challenging for patients already struggling with sleep issues due to depression or anxiety. Here are some strategies to manage sleep-related side effects:

• Take Prozac in the morning to minimize nighttime sleep disturbances
• Practice good sleep hygiene, such as maintaining a consistent sleep schedule and avoiding screens before bedtime
• Consider short-term use of sleep aids, if recommended by your healthcare provider
• Engage in relaxation techniques like meditation or deep breathing exercises

For most patients, sleep disturbances improve within the first month of treatment. If insomnia persists, consult your healthcare provider about potential adjustments to your treatment plan.

Prozac and Sexual Function: Addressing a Common Concern

Sexual dysfunction is a significant concern for many patients taking Prozac and other SSRIs. Up to 50% of patients may experience sexual side effects, which can include:

• Decreased libido
• Difficulty achieving orgasm
• Delayed ejaculation
• Erectile dysfunction

Unlike some other side effects, sexual dysfunction may not improve over time without intervention. However, several strategies can help manage these issues:

1. Adjusting the dosage of Prozac
2. Switching to a different antidepressant with a lower risk of sexual side effects
3. Adding a medication to counteract sexual side effects
4. Scheduling sexual activity for times when the medication’s level in the body is lowest
5. Taking “drug holidays” under medical supervision

It’s crucial to discuss any sexual side effects with your healthcare provider, as they can significantly impact quality of life and treatment adherence.

Prozac and Weight: Dispelling Myths

Unlike some other antidepressants, Prozac is generally not associated with significant weight gain. In fact, some patients may experience temporary weight loss when starting treatment. This effect is often due to improvements in depression symptoms, which can lead to better appetite regulation and increased physical activity.

However, weight changes can vary among individuals. Some factors that may influence weight while taking Prozac include:

• Pre-existing metabolic conditions
• Dietary habits
• Physical activity levels
• Other medications

If you’re concerned about weight changes while taking Prozac, keep track of your weight and discuss any significant fluctuations with your healthcare provider.

Maximizing the Benefits of Prozac Treatment

While Prozac can be an effective treatment for depression and other conditions, its benefits can be enhanced by combining medication with other therapeutic approaches. Consider the following strategies to maximize the benefits of your treatment:

1. Engage in psychotherapy, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), which can complement the effects of medication
2. Practice stress-reduction techniques like mindfulness meditation or yoga
3. Maintain a regular exercise routine, which can boost mood and overall well-being
4. Ensure adequate sleep and maintain a healthy diet
5. Build a strong support network of friends, family, or support groups
6. Set realistic goals and celebrate small achievements in your recovery process

Remember that recovery is a journey, and combining medication with lifestyle changes and therapeutic support can lead to the best outcomes.

When to Consider Alternatives to Prozac

While Prozac is effective for many patients, it’s not the right choice for everyone. Consider discussing alternatives with your healthcare provider if:

• You experience severe or persistent side effects
• You don’t see significant improvement in your symptoms after 6-8 weeks of treatment
• You have a history of bipolar disorder, as SSRIs can potentially trigger manic episodes
• You’re taking other medications that may interact with Prozac
• You’re pregnant or breastfeeding, as the risks and benefits need careful consideration

There are many other antidepressants and treatment options available, including other SSRIs, SNRIs, atypical antidepressants, and non-medication approaches like transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) or electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) for severe cases.

The Importance of Patient Education and Informed Decision-Making

Understanding the potential benefits, risks, and timeline of Prozac treatment is crucial for patients and their families. Here are some key points to remember:

• Be patient during the initial weeks of treatment, as it takes time for the full effects to manifest
• Communicate openly with your healthcare provider about any concerns or side effects
• Never stop taking Prozac abruptly without medical supervision
• Be aware of potential drug interactions, including over-the-counter medications and supplements
• Educate yourself about the signs of rare but serious side effects, such as serotonin syndrome
• Consider involving trusted family members or friends in your treatment journey for additional support

By staying informed and actively participating in your treatment decisions, you can optimize the benefits of Prozac and work towards better mental health outcomes.

What does Prozac feel like when it starts working?

Medically reviewed by Leigh Ann Anderson, PharmD. Last updated on Nov 8, 2022.

• Most people feel lower levels of anxiety, restlessness and tiredness when Prozac first starts to work. Your sleep, energy and appetite may improve over the first month and you may have a better focus on daily tasks.
• Some people may start to feel results in 1 to 2 weeks, while others may take up to 8 weeks or longer to feel the effects. A depressed mood can take 6 to 8 weeks to fully respond to treatment.

Side effects, like trouble sleeping, agitation, headache or stomach upset are usually temporary and will often subside within the first month of treatment.

Results are individual, but call your healthcare provider if you have side effects that make you want to stop treatment. Do not stop taking Prozac without speaking to your doctor first.

How soon will I notice Prozac working?

Clinical research has shown that over half of patients (55. 5%) who respond to Prozac (fluoxetine) for depression will start responding by the second week of treatment.

• Researchers evaluated the time until the start of an antidepressant sustained response with fluoxetine (Prozac) treatment given at 20 mg/day in an 8-week study of 182 patients with major depression.
• Patients were assessed using the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale every 2 weeks, a common measure used in depression studies. A sustained response was defined as a 30% decrease on the depression scale from the start of the study which led to a 50% reduction by week 8.
• Over half of the patients (55.5%) responded by week two, 24.7% by week five and 9.3% (35 patients) by week six. By week six, the probability of having a response to Prozac treatment (20 mg/day) was 90%.
• However, in patients without a response to Prozac by week 4 to 6, there was a 73% to 88% chance there would be no response by week 8.

Is Prozac an SSRI?

Yes, Prozac (generic name: fluoxetine) is in the selective serotonin reuptake (SSRI) class of antidepressants. It works by increasing levels of a chemical (neurotransmitter) in your brain called serotonin.

• Prozac is approved by the FDA to treat major depressive disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), panic disorder, bulimia nervosa (an eating disorder), and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD).
• It is a commonly used, widely available and affordable SSRI treatment. It is available as a generic option in the U.S. and a month’s supply of fluoxetine usually costs less than $10.00.
• It comes an oral capsule and is taken once per day in the morning.

What side effects occur in the first week with Prozac?

All selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors are associated with various side effects, many of which are similar. You probably will not experience all of the side effects reported with Prozac.

The most common side effects with Prozac (in at least 10% of patients) include:

• anorexia (loss of appetite)
• anxiety
• diarrhea
• dry mouth (xerostomia)
• headache
• insomnia (trouble sleeping)
• nausea
• nervousness
• sexual dysfunction
• sore throat (pharyngitis)
• tremor
• weakness
• yawning

Prozac is frequently associated with insomnia, headache, agitation and sexual dysfunction. Many of these side effects will go away within a week or two. However, sexual side effects (such as decreased libido, lack of orgasm, delay in ejaculation, impotence) can be an ongoing side effect and has been reported in up to 50% of patients.

Weight gain is not a common side effect with Prozac treatment, and some patients may lose weight, although this can be temporary.

Speak to your healthcare provider about any side effects that do not subside over time, as dosage adjustments or other treatment options may be possible.

Related: Prozac side effects (in more detail)

Bottom Line

• Within the first one to two weeks, most people feel lower levels of anxiety, restlessness or tiredness with Prozac treatment. Your sleep, energy and appetite may improve over the first month and you may have a better focus on daily tasks. A depressed mood can take up to 8 weeks to fully respond.
• Research has shown that over half of patients (55. 5%) who respond to Prozac treatment for depression will start responding by the second week.
• Prozac can be an “activating” antidepressant and can lead to side effects in the first few weeks that may impact your response, such as insomnia (trouble sleeping), anxiety or nervousness. In most people, these side effects will start to subside in a few weeks.
• Sexual side effects can be ongoing if not addressed by your healthcare provider.

References

• Nierenberg AA, Farabaugh AH, Alpert JE, et al. Timing of onset of antidepressant response with fluoxetine treatment. Am J Psychiatry. 2000 Sep;157(9):1423-8. doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.157.9.1423
• Higgins A, Nash M, Lynch AM. Antidepressant-associated sexual dysfunction: impact, effects, and treatment. Drug Healthc Patient Saf. 2010;2:141-50. doi: 10.2147/DHPS.S7634.
• Fluoxetine prescribing information. Alembic Pharmaceuticals Limited. FDA. Daily Med. Accessed Nov. 8, 2022 at  https://dailymed. nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=b050b0ee-107c-4f82-8031-92ec68baa6a2#section-5.10
• Hirsh M, Birnbaum R (authors). Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors: Pharmacology, administration, and side effects. Sept 2, 2022. Up to Date. Accessed Nov. 8, 2022 at https://www.uptodate.com/contents/selective-serotonin-reuptake-inhibitors-pharmacology-administration-and-side-effects

Related medical questions

• SSRI’s vs SNRI’s – What’s the difference between them?
• Does Prozac cause weight gain or loss?
• How long does it take for Prozac to work?
• Is Prozac a controlled substance / addictive?
• Prozac vs Zoloft – What are the Differences & Similarities?
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• Taking fluoxetine, what can I use for a bad cough from cold or strep throat?

Drug information

• Prozac Information for Consumers
• Prozac Information for Healthcare Professionals
  (includes dosage details)
• Side Effects of Prozac
  (detailed)

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• Prozac
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Medical Disclaimer

Side effects, dosage, uses, and more

1. Fluoxetine oral capsule is available as a brand-name drug and as a generic drug. Brand name: Prozac.
2. Fluoxetine comes in four forms: capsule, delayed-release capsule, tablet, and solution. All forms are taken by mouth.
3. Fluoxetine oral capsule is used to treat different types of depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, some eating disorders, and panic attacks.

This drug has boxed warnings. These are the most serious warnings from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Boxed warnings alert doctors and patients about drug effects that may be dangerous.

Fluoxetine can increase the risk of suicidal thinking and behavior. This risk is especially high in children, adolescents, and young adults. The risk is higher during the first few months of treatment with this drug. You’re also at higher risk if you have a personal or family history of bipolar illness or suicidal thoughts or actions. Your doctor and family should watch you closely when you start taking this drug and during dosage changes. They should watch for changes in your behavior or signs of worsening depression. Fluoxetine is not approved for use in children under 7 years of age

Other warnings

• Serotonin syndrome warning: This drug can cause a life-threatening condition called serotonin syndrome. This syndrome happens when medications cause too much serotonin to build up in your body. Symptoms can include agitation, hallucinations (seeing or hearing something that isn’t there), problems with coordination, and a racing heart rate. They can also include overactive reflexes, fever, nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea. Call your doctor right away if you have any signs of this condition.
• Mania warning: This drug may cause mania or hypomania. Symptoms include greatly increased energy, extreme irritability, talking more or faster than usual, racing thoughts, or severe trouble sleeping. If you have a history of mania or bipolar disorder, talk to your doctor before using this drug.
• Low salt levels warning: This drug may cause you to have dangerously low salt levels in your blood. Symptoms include headache, weakness, confusion, trouble concentrating, memory problems, and feeling unsteady. Call your doctor right away if you have any symptoms of this condition.

Fluoxetine is a prescription drug. It comes as a capsule, delayed-release capsule, tablet, and solution. All forms are taken by mouth. (A delayed-release capsule is released into your body more slowly.)

Fluoxetine oral capsule is available as the brand-name drug Prozac. It’s also available as a generic drug. Generic drugs usually cost less than brand-name versions. In some cases, they may not be available in every strength or form as brand-name drugs.

Fluoxetine oral capsule may be used as part of a combination therapy. This means you may need to take it with other medications. For the treatment of depressive episodes related to bipolar I disorder and treatment-resistant depression, this drug must be used with olanzapine.

Why it’s used

Fluoxetine oral capsule is used to treat the following conditions:

• Depression. This includes major depression.
• Obsessive-compulsive disorder. This condition causes bothersome thoughts that won’t go away (obsessions) and the need to do certain actions over and over (compulsions).
• Bulimia nervosa. This condition is an eating disorder marked by binge eating followed by extreme behaviors to avoid gaining weight (purging, fasting, or excessive exercise).
• Panic attacks. These are sudden episodes of extreme fear and worry even though no threat exists.

How it works

Fluoxetine oral capsule belongs to a class of drugs called selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). A class of drugs is a group of medications that work in a similar way. These drugs are often used to treat similar conditions.

Fluoxetine works by increasing the amount of serotonin (a natural substance) in your brain. Serotonin helps maintain mental health balance. An increase in serotonin helps to treat symptoms of depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, bulimia nervosa, and panic attacks.

Fluoxetine oral capsule doesn’t cause drowsiness, but it can cause other side effects.

More common side effects

The more common side effects of fluoxetine can include:

• strange dreams
• decreased sex drive and trouble having an orgasm
• decreased appetite
• anxiety and nervousness
• weakness
• diarrhea
• dry mouth
• indigestion
• flu
• erectile dysfunction (trouble getting or keeping an erection)
• trouble sleeping
• nausea
• sore throat
• rash
• watery nasal discharge
• sleepiness
• sweating and hot flashes
• tremors (uncontrollable rhythmic movement in one part of your body)
• yawning
• If these effects are mild, they may go away within a few days or a couple of weeks. If they’re more severe or don’t go away, talk to your doctor or pharmacist.

Serious side effects

Call your doctor right away if you have serious side effects. Call 911 if your symptoms feel life-threatening or if you think you’re having a medical emergency. Serious side effects and their symptoms can include the following:

• Serotonin syndrome. Symptoms can include:
  • agitation (feeling aggravated or restless)
  • hallucinations (seeing or hearing something that isn’t there)
  • problems with coordination
  • racing heart rate
  • overactive reflexes
  • fever
  • nausea
  • vomiting
  • diarrhea
• Abnormal bleeding. Symptoms can include:
  • bruising or bleeding more easily than normal
• Mania. Symptoms can include:
  • greatly increased energy
  • severe trouble sleeping
  • racing thoughts
  • reckless behavior
  • unusually grand ideas
  • excessive happiness or irritability
  • talking more or faster than normal
• Seizures
• Low salt levels in your blood. Symptoms can include:
  • headache
  • weakness
  • confusion
  • trouble concentrating
  • memory problems
  • feeling unsteady

Disclaimer: Our goal is to provide you with the most relevant and current information. However, because drugs affect each person differently, we cannot guarantee that this information includes all possible side effects. This information is not a substitute for medical advice. Always discuss possible side effects with a healthcare provider who knows your medical history.

Fluoxetine oral capsule can interact with other medications, vitamins, or herbs you may be taking. An interaction is when a substance changes the way a drug works. This can be harmful or prevent the drug from working well.

To help avoid interactions, your doctor should manage all of your medications carefully. Be sure to tell your doctor about all medications, vitamins, or herbs you’re taking. To find out how this drug might interact with something else you’re taking, talk to your doctor or pharmacist.

Examples of drugs that can cause interactions with fluoxetine are listed below.

Drugs you should not use with fluoxetine

Do not take these drugs with fluoxetine. Doing so can cause dangerous effects in your body. Examples of these drugs include:

• Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), such as isocarboxazid, phenelzine, and tranylcypromine. You shouldn’t take fluoxetine if you take an MAOI or if you’ve stopped taking an MAOI within the last two weeks. Don’t take an MAOI within five weeks of stopping fluoxetine. Taking these drugs too close together could cause serious and life-threatening side effects. Symptoms include high fever, constant muscle spasms that you can’t control, and stiff muscles. They also include fast changes in your heart rate and blood pressure, confusion, and unconsciousness.
• Thioridazine. You shouldn’t take these drugs together. Don’t take thioridazine within five weeks of stopping fluoxetine. Taking these drugs together can cause serious heart rhythm problems. These problems can cause you to die suddenly.
• Pimozide. You shouldn’t take these drugs together. Fluoxetine can cause the levels of pimozide to increase in your body. This raises your risk for heart rhythm problems.

Interactions that increase your risk of side effects

Increased side effects: Taking fluoxetine with certain medications raises your risk of side effects. This is because fluoxetine and these other medications can cause the same side effects. These drugs include serotonergic drugs, such as:

• selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) such as fluoxetine and sertraline
• serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) such as duloxetine and venlafaxine
• tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) such as amitriptyline and clomipramine
• the opioids fentanyl and tramadol
• the anxiolytic buspirone
• triptans
• lithium
• tryptophan
• St. John’s wort
• amphetamines

Taking these drugs with fluoxetine may increase your risk of serotonin syndrome, which can be fatal. If you take any of these drugs, your doctor will start you on a lowered dosage of fluoxetine and monitor you for signs of serotonin syndrome. Symptoms can include agitation, sweating, muscle twitches, and confusion.

Increased side effects from other drugs: Taking fluoxetine with certain medications raises your risk of side effects from these drugs. Examples of these drugs include:

• Benzodiazepines, such as triazolam and midazolam. Taking these drugs together may cause more sedation and drowsiness.
• Warfarin. Taking these drugs together may cause an increase in bleeding. Your doctor will monitor you closely.
• Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Taking these drugs together may cause an increase in bleeding. Your doctor will monitor you closely.
• Aspirin. Taking these drugs together may cause an increase in bleeding. Your doctor will monitor you closely.
• Drugs broken down by the enzyme CYPD2D6, such as aripiprazole, dextromethorphan, and risperidone. Taking these drugs with fluoxetine may increase your risk of serotonin syndrome, heart rhythm problems, and involuntary muscle movements.
• Lithium. Your doctor should monitor your lithium blood levels if you need to take these drugs together.
• Phenytoin. Taking these drugs together may cause confusion, dizziness, and fever. You may also have changes in your behavior. These changes include anger, irritability, or sadness. Your doctor should monitor the level of phenytoin in your body.
• Carbamazepine. Taking these drugs together can cause blurred vision, vertigo, or tremors. Your doctor should monitor the level of carbamazepine in your body.

Disclaimer: Our goal is to provide you with the most relevant and current information. However, because drugs interact differently in each person, we cannot guarantee that this information includes all possible interactions. This information is not a substitute for medical advice. Always speak with your healthcare provider about possible interactions with all prescription drugs, vitamins, herbs and supplements, and over-the-counter drugs that you are taking.

This drug comes with several warnings.

Allergy warning

This medication can cause a severe allergic reaction. Symptoms can include:

• hives
• rash alone or with a fever and joint pain
• trouble breathing
• swelling of your throat or tongue

If you develop these symptoms, call 911 or go to the nearest emergency room.

Don’t take this drug again if you’ve ever had an allergic reaction to it. Taking it again could be fatal (cause death).

Warnings for people with certain health conditions

For people with blood clotting disorders: This drug may cause you to bleed more easily. If you take another drug to thin your blood, it could cause dangerous bleeding.

For people with diabetes: This drug may cause low blood sugar levels. Once you stop taking this drug, it may cause your blood sugar levels to increase.

For people with bipolar I disorder: You shouldn’t take this drug alone to treat depression associated with bipolar I disorder. This drug may increase your risk of a mixed or manic episode.

For people with liver disease: If you have liver problems or a history of liver disease, your body may not be able to process this drug as well. This may increase the levels of this drug in your body and cause more side effects. Your doctor may lower your dose or have you take this drug less often.

For people with closed-angle glaucoma (a sudden buildup of pressure inside your eye): Fluoxetine may cause a glaucoma attack. If you have closed-angle glaucoma, talk with your doctor before taking this drug.

For people with epilepsy or other conditions that cause seizures: This drug can increase your risk of seizures. If you’ve had seizures in the past, talk with your doctor before taking this drug. Tell them if you have increased seizures after starting the treatment.

For people with heart rhythm problems: This drug can cause your heart to beat abnormally. Sometimes, this has led to an unsafe abnormal heartbeat called torsades de pointes. You have a higher risk if you’ve ever had heart problems. Call your doctor right away if you have a fast or irregular heartbeat. Anyone who loses consciousness requires urgent medical care.

Warnings for other groups

For pregnant women: Talk to your doctor if you’re pregnant or plan to become pregnant. Research in animals has shown adverse effects to the fetus when the mother takes the drug. There haven’t been enough studies done in humans to be certain how the drug might affect the fetus. This drug should only be used if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk.

For women who are breastfeeding: This drug may pass into breast milk and may cause side effects in a child who is breastfed. Talk to your doctor if you breastfeed your child. You may need to decide whether to stop breastfeeding or stop taking this medication.

For seniors: Seniors may have a higher risk of side effects from this drug. Because of this risk, your doctor may lower your dosage or have you take the medication less often.

Bulimia nervosa and panic disorder: This drug hasn’t been studied in children for these conditions. It shouldn’t be used in people younger than 18 years.

Major depressive disorder: This drug shouldn’t be used in children younger than 8 years for this condition.

Obsessive-compulsive disorder: This drug shouldn’t be used in children younger than 7 years for this condition.

All possible dosages and drug forms may not be included here. Your dosage, drug form, and how often you take the drug will depend on:

• your age
• the condition being treated
• how severe your condition is
• other medical conditions you have
• how you react to the first dose

Dosage for bulimia nervosa

Generic: Fluoxetine

• Form: oral capsule
• Strengths: 10 mg, 20 mg, 40 mg

Brand: Prozac

• Form: oral capsule
• Strengths: 10 mg, 20 mg, 40 mg

Adult dosage (ages 18 to 64 years)

Typical dosage: 60 mg per day taken in the morning.

Child dosage (ages 0 to 17 years)

This drug hasn’t been studied in children for this condition. It shouldn’t be used in people younger than 18 years.

Senior dosage (ages 65 years and older)

Seniors may have a higher risk of side effects from this drug. Because of this risk, your doctor may lower your dosage or reduce how often you take the drug.

Dosage for major depressive disorder

Generic: Fluoxetine

• Form: oral capsule
• Strengths: 10 mg, 20 mg, 40 mg

• Form: oral delayed-release capsule
• Strength: 90 mg

Brand: Prozac

• Form: oral capsule
• Strengths: 10 mg, 20 mg, 40 mg

Adult dosage (ages 18 to 64 years)

• Typical dosage: 20–80 mg per day.
• Maximum dosage: 80 mg per day.
• Initial dosage: 20 mg per day taken in the morning.
• Alternative dosage: You may be a candidate for taking this drug once per week. In this case, your doctor will stop your daily dose of the immediate-release capsules and switch you over to the delayed-release capsules. You’ll take 90 mg once per week. You’ll start taking it seven days after your last daily dose of fluoxetine.

Child dosage (ages 8 to 17 years)

• Typical dosage: 10–20 mg per day.
• Initial dosage: After your child takes 10 mg per day for one week, your doctor may increase their dosage to 20 mg per day.

Child dosage (ages 0–7 years)

This drug shouldn’t be used in children younger than 8 years for this condition.

Senior dosage (ages 65 years and older)

Seniors may have a higher risk of side effects from this drug. Because of this risk, your doctor may lower your dose or reduce how often you take the drug.

Dosage for obsessive-compulsive disorder

Generic: Fluoxetine

• Form: oral capsule
• Strengths: 10 mg, 20 mg, 40 mg

Brand: Prozac

• Form: oral capsule
• Strengths: 10 mg, 20 mg, 40 mg

Adult dosage (ages 18 to 64 years)

• Typical dosage: 20–60 mg per day.
• Maximum dosage: 80 mg per day.
• Initial dosage: 20 mg per day taken in the morning.

Child dosage (ages 13 to 17 years, and higher weight children)

• Typical dosage: 20–60 mg per day.
• Initial dosage: 10 mg per day. After two weeks, your doctor will likely increase your child’s dosage to 20 mg per day.

Child dosage (ages 7 to 12, and lower weight children)

• Typical dosage: 20–30 mg per day.
• Initial dosage: 10 mg per day.

Child dosage (ages 0 to 6 years)

This drug shouldn’t be used in children younger than 7 years for this condition.

Senior dosage (ages 65 years and older)

Seniors may have a higher risk of side effects from this drug. Because of this risk, your doctor may lower your dosage or reduce how often you take the drug.

Dosage for panic disorder

Generic: Fluoxetine

• Form: oral capsule
• Strengths: 10 mg, 20 mg, 40 mg

Brand: Prozac

• Form: oral capsule
• Strengths: 10 mg, 20 mg, 40 mg

Adult dosage (ages 18 to 64 years)

• Typical dosage: 20–60 mg per day.
• Initial dosage: 10 mg per day. After one week, your doctor will likely increase your dosage to 20 mg per day.

Child dosage (ages 0 to 17 years)

This drug hasn’t been studied in children for this condition. It shouldn’t be used in people younger than 18 years.

Senior dosage (ages 65 years and older)

Seniors may have a higher risk of side effects from this drug. Because of this risk, your doctor may lower your dosage or reduce how often you take the drug.

Disclaimer: Our goal is to provide you with the most relevant and current information. However, because drugs affect each person differently, we cannot guarantee that this list includes all possible dosages. This information is not a substitute for medical advice. Always to speak with your doctor or pharmacist about dosages that are right for you.

Fluoxetine oral capsule is used for short- and long-term treatment of bulimia nervosa, major depression, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. It’s also used for short-term treatment of panic attacks.

This drug comes with serious risks if you don’t take it as prescribed.

If you stop taking the drug suddenly or don’t take it at all: If you don’t take this drug, the symptoms of your condition may not improve.

Don’t stop taking this drug without talking to your doctor first. Stopping this drug too quickly may cause serious symptoms. These can include:

• anxiety
• irritability
• mood swings
• restlessness
• changes in your sleep habits
• headache
• sweating
• nausea
• dizziness

If you miss doses or don’t take the drug on schedule: Your medication may not work as well or may stop working completely. For this drug to work well, a certain amount needs to be in your body at all times.

If you take too much: You could have dangerous levels of the drug in your body. Symptoms of an overdose of this drug can include:

• tiredness
• vomiting
• fast heart rate
• nausea
• dizziness
• agitation
• tremors

If you think you’ve taken too much of this drug, call your doctor or seek guidance from the American Association of Poison Control Centers at 800-222-1222 or through their online tool. But if your symptoms are severe, call 911 or go to the nearest emergency room right away.

What to do if you miss a dose: Take your dose as soon as you remember. But if you remember just a few hours before your next scheduled dose, take only one dose. Never try to catch up by taking two doses at once. This could result in dangerous side effects.

How to tell if the drug is working: The symptoms of your condition should improve. However, you might not feel better right when you start taking this drug. It can take 1–4 weeks to start working.

Keep these considerations in mind if your doctor prescribes fluoxetine for you.

General

• You can take this drug with or without food.
• Take this drug at the time(s) recommended by your doctor.
• Don’t open the oral capsules or oral delayed-release capsules.

Storage

• Store this drug at room temperature. Keep it between 59°F and 86°F (15°C and 30°C).
• Keep this drug away from light.
• Don’t store this medication in moist or damp areas, such as bathrooms.

Refills

A prescription for this medication is refillable. You should not need a new prescription for this medication to be refilled. Your doctor will write the number of refills authorized on your prescription.

Travel

When traveling with your medication:

• Always carry your medication with you. When flying, never put it into a checked bag. Keep it in your carry-on bag.
• Don’t worry about airport X-ray machines. They can’t harm your medication.
• You may need to show airport staff the pharmacy label for your medication. Always carry the original prescription-labeled container with you.
• Don’t put this medication in your car’s glove compartment or leave it in the car. Be sure to avoid doing this when the weather is very hot or very cold.

Clinical monitoring

You and your doctor should monitor certain health issues. This can help make sure you stay safe while you take this drug. These health issues include:

• Mental health and behavioral problems. You and your doctor should watch for any unusual changes in your behavior and mood. This drug can cause new mental health and behavior problems. It may also worsen problems you already have.

There are other drugs available to treat your condition. Some may be better suited for you than others. Talk to your doctor about other drug options that may work for you.

Disclaimer: Medical News Today has made every effort to make certain that all information is factually correct, comprehensive, and up-to-date. However, this article should not be used as a substitute for the knowledge and expertise of a licensed healthcare professional. You should always consult your doctor or other healthcare professional before taking any medication. The drug information contained herein is subject to change and is not intended to cover all possible uses, directions, precautions, warnings, drug interactions, allergic reactions, or adverse effects. The absence of warnings or other information for a given drug does not indicate that the drug or drug combination is safe, effective, or appropriate for all patients or all specific uses.

Created sedatives that are 200 times more powerful than fluoxetine – Nauka

TASS, May 2. Molecular biologists from Europe and the US have created two molecules that are about 200 times more potent than the popular antidepressant drug fluoxetine (Prozac). The subsequent use of these substances will reduce the severity of side effects from antidepressants, the press service of the University of California at San Francisco (UCSF) said on Tuesday.

“The ultra-high potency of these substances on the nervous system allows us to hope that they will have a therapeutic effect on patients without any dangerous side effects. In fact, we will be able to reduce the dose of antidepressants by about two hundred times, which should have a positive effect on many patients,” said UCSF professor Allan Basbaum, quoted by the university’s press service.

Busbaum and his colleagues have developed a new type of antidepressant, devoid of much of the shortcomings of the drugs currently used. Scientists made this discovery while studying the properties of ibogaine, one of the substances present in the tincture of the roots of the Tabernanthe iboga tree.

In the past, doctors have tried ibogaine as the basis for drugs for depression and drug addiction, but this substance provokes the development of arrhythmia, and also has many other side effects. This is due to the fact that ibogaine affects not only the SERT protein, the disruption of which leads to the development of depression, but also many other peptides and receptors.

Scientists attempted to remedy this shortcoming of ibogaine by preparing a 3D model of this substance associated with the SERT protein and using it to create a large number of molecules similar in structure to the plant extract. Biologists synthesized 36 of the most interesting of them and found that 13 of the molecules they created at once blocked the work of SERT and did not affect other body systems.

Subsequent experiments on mice showed that two synthetic analogues of ibogaine, codenamed 8090 and 8219 were 200 times more potent than fluoxetine. At the same time, the researchers found that substance 8219 was also very effective in suppressing opiate addiction, which makes it especially interesting for further study and testing.

According to Basbaum and his colleagues, pharmaceutical companies have already become interested in their developments, in cooperation with which scientists plan to conduct further tests of substances 8090 and 8219 on other laboratory model animals and during clinical trials. In addition, molecular biologists plan to develop new ibogaine analogues with even higher potency and selectivity.

According to WHO statistics, more than 300 million people now suffer from depression. Every year, it claims the lives of approximately 800 thousand people, which are especially susceptible to adolescents, as well as boys and girls aged 15 to 29 years. In recent years, many drugs have been developed to help treat depression. They restore the normal circulation of the neurohormone serotonin and other signaling molecules.

why people fall asleep on the go

Content

• 1 Narcolepsy – what is this disease and how is it treated?
  • 1.1 Unusual occurrence
    • 1.1.1 What kind of disease?
    • 1.1.2 Causes and symptoms
    • 1.1.3 Diagnosis and treatment
    • 1.1.4 Conclusions
  • 1.2 Symptoms of falling asleep disease
    • 1.2.1 Frequent bouts of fatigue
    • 1.2.2 Dizziness and loss coordination
    • 1.2.3 Decreased concentration and attention
    • 1.2.4 Marked yawning and drowsiness
    • 1.2.5 Apnea and depression
  • 1.3 Sleepwalking disease: Causes
  • 1.4 How is sleepwalking disease diagnosed?
  • 1.5 Possible complications
  • 1.7 Ways to treat a disease in which a person falls asleep on the go
  • 1. 8 Medications for the treatment of cataplexy syndrome
  • 1.9 How to reduce the risk of illness when a person falls asleep on the go
  • 1.10 When to see a doctor if a person falls asleep on the go
  • 1.11 Disease prevention: how to avoid drowsiness on the go?
    • 1.11.1 Learn the equipment
    • 1.11.2 Pay attention to your lifestyle
    • 1.11.3 Choose the right shoes
    • 1.11.4 Do not drive if you are sleepy
    • 1.11 .5 Be careful on the road
  • 1.12 Related videos:
  • 1.13 Q&A:
    • • 1.13.0.1 Which disease can cause drowsiness while walking?
      • 1.13.0.2 How can you tell if a person is suffering from cataplexy?
      • 1.13.0.3 How is cataplexy treated?
      • 1.13.0.4 How can cataplexy be prevented?
      • 1.13.0.5 Can drugs cause cataplexy?
      • 1.13.0.6 Can cataplexy be hereditary?

Learn about the strange phenomenon of sleeplessness, when a person can fall asleep on the move and how to deal with it. Details and recommendations in our article.

Somnambulism, or sleepwalking, is a serious sleep disorder that can lead to many different consequences. Fortunately, such cases are rare, but they do happen every year, leaving panic among people who experience this condition, as well as their relatives and friends.

When a person falls asleep while moving, he may not think about the danger, but, unfortunately, this is not always safe. There are several types of somnambulism that can manifest in different forms, and each comes with unique dangers and risks. It may be a sleep-related illness, but this should not be underestimated.

In this article, we will look at the symptoms and signs of somnambulism and describe the most common types of somnambulism. We will also discuss treatment options and sensitivity to friends and loved ones who may experience this condition.

An unusual phenomenon

What kind of disease?

Some people may fall asleep on the move, even at the most inopportune moment. This phenomenon is called narcolepsy. Narcolepsy is a chronic neurological disorder that results in unexplained fatigue and excessive sleepiness.

Causes and symptoms

The causes of narcolepsy are not fully understood, but it is known that it is associated with a malfunction of the brain structures that control sleep and wakefulness. Symptoms of narcolepsy can include sleep-on-the-go sleep attacks, where a person can fall asleep in any situation, disturbed wakefulness during the day, and disturbed sleep at night.

Diagnosis and treatment

Diagnosis of narcolepsy requires special tests such as polysomnography and the MCT test. Treatment for narcolepsy involves the use of stimulant medications, lifestyle modifications, and daily routines. In some cases, surgery may be required.

Conclusions

Narcolepsy is an unusual condition that can seriously affect a person’s life. If you suspect that you have this disease, consult a doctor and undergo the necessary tests. Timely access to a specialist will help to avoid serious complications and makes it possible to live a full life.

Symptoms of falling asleep on the move

Frequent bouts of fatigue

One of the main signs of illness when a person falls asleep on the move is constant fatigue. Patients may complain of frequent bouts of fatigue and the inability to maintain their waking state for long periods of time.

Dizziness and loss of coordination

Dizziness and loss of coordination may be another symptom of the illness. Patients may experience heaviness in the head, instability when walking, and even imbalance.

Decreased concentration and attention

Patients often experience a decrease in concentration and attention throughout the day. Their tasks can drag on for hours, causing them to experience stress and sleepless nights.

Marked yawning and drowsiness

Other symptoms of the disease are pronounced yawning and drowsiness, which constantly haunt the patient. Patients may yawn dozens of times a minute and have a very strong desire to fall asleep anywhere and anytime.

Apnea and depression

Most patients may also suffer from sleep apnea, making it difficult to breathe and endangering their health. In addition, they often suffer from depression and low mood.

• Constant fatigue;
• Dizziness and incoordination;
• Decreased concentration and attention;
• Marked yawning and drowsiness;
• Apnea and depression.

Disease when a person falls asleep on the move: causes

Narcolepsy is one of the main reasons why a person can fall asleep on the move. It is a chronic neurological disease characterized by unbridled bouts of sleep throughout the day. As a result, a person can suddenly fall asleep anywhere and at any time.

Sleep apnea is another condition that can cause a person to fall asleep while walking. It is characterized by short-term cessations of breathing during sleep, which leads to increased fatigue during the day, as well as sleep on the go.

Heart problems can also cause a person to fall asleep on the go. Heart failure, arrhythmias, and other heart conditions can cause low oxygen levels in the body, causing fatigue and drowsiness.

Diabetes mellitus is another reason why a person can fall asleep on the go. The metabolic disturbances that are characteristic of this condition can cause fluctuations in blood sugar levels, which can lead to fatigue and drowsiness at any time of the day.

Stress and depression are two more reasons why a person can fall asleep on the go. Chronic stress and depression can lead to fatigue, insomnia, and other sleep disturbances, which in turn can lead to daytime sleepiness, including sleep on the go.

• Narcolepsy
• Sleep apnea
• Heart problems
• Diabetes mellitus
• Stress and depression

Causes of disease Signs and symptoms

9 0202

Narcolepsy Uncontrolled sleep attacks during the day, possible hallucinations when falling asleep Sleep apnea Brief interruptions of breathing during sleep, labored breathing, loud snoring and violent dreams Heart problems Fatigue, shortness of breath, increased heart rate, difficulty sleeping Diabetes mellitus Feeling tired and sleepy during the day, frequent headaches

90 209

Stress and depression Feeling tired, insomnia , irritability, changes in appetite, decreased energy and mood

How is a disease in which a person falls asleep on the move diagnosed

Diagnosis of a disease in which a person falls asleep on the move (non-personnel epilepsy) is complex and requires an integrated approach. To begin with, it is necessary to conduct a medical examination, which includes an anamnesis (questioning the patient about the symptoms and nature of the disease), a neurological examination and psychological testing.

To clarify the diagnosis, a sleep test (polysomnography) can be performed, which consists in artificially inducing sleep in the patient and recording the electrical activity of the brain. During testing, doctors monitor breathing, heart, muscle tone and eye movement. This helps rule out other medical conditions that can lead to severe fatigue and depression.

It must be remembered that the diagnosis of diseases always depends on the specific symptoms and nature of the disease. Patients are advised to consult a doctor regularly and follow his recommendations for more effective treatment and prevention of diseases.

Possible complications

Illness, when a person falls asleep on the go, can cause various complications. Among them:

• Injuries. If a person falls asleep on the go, he risks falling and getting injured. For example, a head injury, broken arm or leg.
• Increased risk of traffic accidents. Drivers suffering from this disease may fall asleep at the wheel and cause an accident.
• Job loss. People working in hazardous environments (eg, at heights or with machines) may lose their jobs if they fall asleep on the move.
• Constant fatigue and stress. People suffering from this disease may experience constant fatigue and stress, which negatively affects their life and work.

If you suspect that you have this disease, you should consult a doctor and conduct an appropriate examination. Do not ignore this problem, as it can cause serious complications and negatively affect your quality of life.

Who is affected by sleepwalking disease?

This condition can occur in anyone, regardless of age or gender. However, people who lead an unhealthy lifestyle are most susceptible to this disease:

• Those who do not get enough sleep and suffer from chronic fatigue;
• People with sleep disorders such as insomnia or restless leg syndrome;
• Patients with insufficient blood circulation and cardiovascular diseases;
• People who are depressed or experiencing high levels of stress;
• People who abuse alcohol or drugs;
• People who do not eat properly and do not get enough nutrients.

Also, falling asleep on the move can be a symptom of other conditions, such as obstructive sleep apnea or thyroid dysfunction. In this case, it is necessary to consult a doctor and conduct additional examinations to determine the cause of this condition.

Methods for the treatment of a disease in which a person falls asleep on the go

1. Drug treatment. The main treatment for this disease is the use of central nervous system stimulants. Usually drugs that contain caffeine are prescribed for treatment. Caffeine intake makes you feel awake, reduces fatigue and makes it easier to concentrate.

2. Sleep and rest. Sleep and rest play an important role in the treatment of this disease. A person needs to provide himself with enough sleep and at the same time avoid overexertion. It is necessary to create comfortable conditions for sleep, as being awake on the go indicates a violation of the usual sleep and rest regimen.

3. Adapting your lifestyle. It is necessary to adapt your lifestyle in order to avoid overexertion and excessive fatigue. This may mean changing your diet, adding physical activity to your daily routine, and limiting stressful situations.

If symptoms of tangled legs and falling asleep on the move are detected, it is necessary to contact a specialist for diagnosis and prescribing the necessary treatment.

Medicines for the treatment of cataplexy syndrome

Cataplexy syndrome is a dysfunction of the sleep center that controls motor activity. People suffering from this syndrome may suddenly lose muscle strength and fall asleep on the move.

Various medications are used to treat this disease, primarily antidepressants. They increase the level of serotonin in the brain, which helps to control the pathological activity in the sleep center.

In addition, some patients receive drugs to reduce drowsiness and increase concentration. Such drugs may include modafinil and amphetamines.

• Antidepressants – fluoxetine, imipramine, prozac
• Modafinil – stimulant that increases wakefulness and reduces fatigue
• Amphetamine – narcotic stimulant that increases the level of attention and at the same time reduces the time of sleep

Drug Type Dosage

Fluoxetine	Antidepressant	20-40 mg per day
I mipramine	Antidepressant	50-150mg daily
Prozac	Antidepressant	10-60mg daily
Modafinil	Stimulant	100-200mg daily
Amphetamine	Stimulant	5-20 mg per day

Incorrect selection of drugs and dosage can lead to serious consequences, including the development of drug dependence.

How to reduce the risk of illness when a person falls asleep on the move

Chronic fatigue can be one of the reasons that a person begins to fall asleep while moving. Therefore, in order to reduce the risk of disease, it is worth examining your daily routine and seeing if there is a place for rest and relaxation in it.

Certain habits , such as drinking alcohol or not getting enough sleep, can make you more likely to fall asleep while walking. Therefore, if you know that you have such habits, it is worth working on changing them or avoiding them altogether.

• Setting a strict sleep pattern can help normalize your sleep-wake cycle, reducing the risk of falling asleep on the go.
• Good nutrition can also reduce the chance of getting sick. Nutrients help maintain energy and focus, which can reduce the need for sleep.
• Physical activity can help you avoid chronic fatigue and boost your immune system, which will also reduce your risk of illness.

It is important to take care of your health and see your doctor promptly if you feel tired, sleepy or notice changes in your behavior. It is also worth avoiding driving, especially for long periods, if you notice signs of drowsiness or fatigue.

When to see a doctor if a person falls asleep on the go

If a person falls asleep while walking, this may be a sign of a serious illness. You should pay attention to the following symptoms:

• Repeated falling asleep on the move;
• A person cannot control his movements when falling asleep;
• Sensation of sleep paralysis;
• Reduced concentration and signs of depression.

If these symptoms occur, seek medical attention.

When you see a doctor, you may be given:

1. Electroencephalography;
2. Computed tomography of the brain;
3. Complete blood count.

Also, your doctor may prescribe treatments that include:

• Lifestyle changes;
• Medicines that improve brain function;
• Medicines that improve sleep function;
• Psychotherapy if there are signs of depression.

CausesTreatment

Sleep Apnea	Lifestyle modification, drugs, special devices
Narcolepsy	Drugs that improve brain function, drugs that improve sleep function
Restless legs syndrome	Hormonal drugs, lifestyle changes , drugs that improve sleep function

Disease prevention: how to avoid drowsiness on the go?

Learn the materiel

One of the main causes of drowsiness while walking is fatigue. A person who does the same type of work or just works a lot may be tired to the point that it is difficult for him to stay awake while walking. Therefore, for prevention, it is recommended to take frequent breaks from work and exercise to unload the brain.

Pay attention to your lifestyle

You need to take care of your health and not overload yourself. To do this, it is recommended to exercise regularly, observe the daily routine, eat right, avoid stressful situations and regularly undergo medical examinations. If necessary, the doctor may prescribe treatment or additional preventive measures.

Wear the right shoes

Wear comfortable shoes to avoid drowsiness while walking. It should be soft, with a good sole that provides cushioning and stability. It is also important that the shoes do not restrict movement and do not rub the feet. It is best to choose shoes with a small heel.

Do not drive if you are drowsy

If you feel sleepy while walking or driving, do not risk your life or the health of others. Stop your car or just take a break in the fresh air. It’s better to take a nap than put yourself and others in danger

Be careful on the road

Paying attention to traffic can also help you avoid problems. Do not be distracted by phone calls, do not use gadgets while driving, and do not be distracted by other trifles. Be attentive to other road users, watch your actions and be careful.

Related videos:

Q&A:

What disease can cause drowsiness while walking?

This may be an ailment called cataplexy, which causes a temporary loss of muscle control during strong emotions. During cataplexy, there are often signs of drowsiness or lethargy. As a result, a person can fall asleep on the go.

How can you tell if a person is suffering from cataplexy?

Definitive diagnosis requires examination by a specialist for other physical causes. Caution in the diagnosis of cataplexy is due to the fact that some people who do not have cataplexy can sometimes fall asleep on the move due to fatigue or other reasons.

How is cataplexy treated?

Since cataplexy is part of a broader neurological disease, it is treated according to the symptoms and the underlying cause. For some people, stimulants may be prescribed to help keep them awake during the day. For others, discussion with other specialists is possible.